Waverly directory, 1867

Gc

974.802 ScrlSg 1583203

M.Ll

WB HISTORICAL QY COLLECTION

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3 1833 02247 8181

'^^ 300 *<?

320 LACKAWANNA AVENUE, 320

SCRAXTOX, PENNA.

Wliolesale aad Eetail DRXJGJ^G^ISTS,

AND DEALERS IN

KEROSENE OIL, WHALE OIL, LARD OIL,

LUBRICATING OILS,

Paints, Varnishes,

A^^iiidoAY Glass,

Lamp Chimneys, &c.

Furniture Warerooms,

GUNSTER & HULL,

SL^NUFACIURERS OF AND DSiLERS IS

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SETTEES, &c.

This establishment contains a complete assortment of 1Iou§e Flirnishing: Wares, at largely reduced prices. Their Furniture is manufactured by experienced mechanics, from thoroughly seasoned wood. They have constantly on hand all the styles of Beautiful Furniiure in

ROSEWOOD, MAHOGANY, BLACK WALNUT, &c., &c. OVAL FRAMES, PORTRAIT FRAMES,

French and German Mirror Plates,

EXTENSIO:Nr TABLES, i ob: u . n, I T TH, s s s i: s.

Also all kinds of Mattrasses, Spring Beds, &c.

Nos. 213 & 215 Lacka. Avenue^

SCRAlVTOilf, PA.

PETIB STOSTEB, Jr.,

J. L. SULL.

HXJiMi^vri ! IIXJI^I^^^.II I

Xhe Panic i$ over and a Groat Battle Won by the Scranton J*ijirprise.

Come one Come all and see our Prices fall. 40 per cent saved ! J. H .^^ 1^ K^ 1 S

Bets Ie;>A-o t'i iiit'>M-m tlio i!.li.i'it.uit< nf pri-nnrun ami Viciiiity. tli.it ho will coiititnn' tn recciv.' tlic latest -tvlis nf

Trimming:!!!, r?Iil!iiiery, and Fancy Goodfji,

Hosiery, Yankee Motions, Gent'M FiirnJsliliig Goocl!!^, Lndles' Garnieiit^, &c., i&.c.,

frum Auction at stioli a<toiiishliig low ]iiioes as iiover wore offtToJ here before.

O'jr Motto Is, ard wil! be, "QUICK SALES AMD SWALL PROFITS.".

SCRA^TOX Sl'RPRfSE,

203 Lackawanna Ave., Opposite the Depot, Scranton, Pa.

Mininers and "Wliule.-ale Dealers supplied at Jobbing Prices. Xo con- nection with anv other Store, Agent, or Pedler.

CHR. LANGE,

Manufacturer of and Dealer in Boots and Shoes.

No. 417 Lackawanna Avenue,

SGRAItfTOn^ PA.

S-^- m^ .-^p.eialty is in making the FINEST CUSTOM WORK in his line. Repairing done in the Neatest Manner and on ilie Shortest Notice.

A. C. KONARSON,

WATCH MAKER AND JEWELER,

109 Wyoming Av., opposite Wyoming House,

CLOCKS. WATCHES, GOLD AND SILVER WARE, PRBCIOUS STONES,

FANCY GOODS, CUTLEPwY, AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

w

10 « f

MANUFACTURERS OF AND WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN

STOVES, TIN, AND HOLLOW WARE.

We would respectfully call tlie attention of the public to the fact that we have opened a

STOVE, TIN, AND HARDWARE ESTABLISHMENT In Market Street^

first door above OSTERHOUT & BROS. Store, where we will have constantly on hand a large stock of

CooMng Sitvii ami Itnges

OF THE BEST JP^tTTERJVS,

and made of the liest material, also a large s4ockof tinware made of the heaviest and best stock, a better article than can be fonud elsewhere to, which we would especially call the attention of fanners and others who wish a superior article. We have also a large assortment of

JAPANNED AND HOLLOW ^STARE, HARDWARE, CUTLERY, NAILS, SHEET IRON, BRASS, COPPER,

GAS AND WATEH PIPES, &C.,

all of which we offer to the public at the veiy lowest market prices

for cash.

done at short notice in the most workmanlike manner under the sujiervision of CAPT. Jf. B. FISH, whu h;is liad twenty-four years experience in the business and whose abilities as a workman ( annot lie surpassed.

0:VE us A CAU AND EXAMINE OUR

STOCK A.NID PRICES

BEFORE PURCHASING ELSEWHERE.

I^EWIS «fc FISH.

^ISSES ^\ ^ i0^ t^ALATIAN, '^KINCIPALS.'i^

-^=-^ -

This select Boarding and Day School offers unequalled inducements for healthfulness, beauty of location, convenience and ease of access, and fx-eedoni from the troublesome and distracting influences of (5V^

business centers.

This Institution has been in successful operation for the past seventeen years under its

and all its appointments are such as render it an in- viting and refined Christian Home for young ladies.

Terms as low as at any other Institution of this kind.

j^p^ Through repeated and urgent solicitations, the Principals have consented to the admission of Small Boys under the age of eight years into tlu) family for care and instruction.

Circulars sent by Mail, containing Terms-. 6lc., 6Lr ,

on application.

.% H.

STARKWEATHER'S

NOS. 110 AO 112 PENN AV., SOEANTOlf, PA.

SOLE -A^G-Eiq-TS IFOE-

I.AUieS' AIVD GEIVTS' CEI.EBRATE» STEEL Sn^VlVIv

And Congress Gaiters.

Also, a Large Assortment of

FOR GENTS', LADIES', AND CHILDREN'S WEAR, AT PRICES SO I.OW AS TO DEFY COMPETITIO]V.

>- On

^V. EJrlTu^Iil^ISHEID 1835, V^

AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS.

402 Lackawanna Av., corner Wyoming Avenue. SGRANTOn^ PA.

Dealers in

FINE GROCERIES,

PROVISIONS, FIELD & GARDEN SEEDS,

Flour, Feed, & Meal.

Always have

Iiar§:e Stocks

of First Class Goo<ls,

AT THE LOWEST MARKET RATES

I

dttlitift wl{t0, 1

I BOOK BINDERY,

I RTJLIISrGJ^ ROO]\d:. i

s

fu MORE THAN TWENTY HANDS EMPLOYED.

I Sera 11 toil Kepnblican,

^ Largest and Cheapest Paper in Northern Pennsylvania. Qkijo (^oTlarrs cu Y'gclt, in jldvcunce. Titos, a, SJfllTH, Canvasser and Collector,

To whom orders for the Newspaper may be addressed.

I: k ™''''} F. A. CRANDALL & CO.,

EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

% Business and Editorial Office, 322 Lackawanna Avenue. '?

HISTORY

_ OF TIIE_ \J

CITYof SCEANTON;

PROVIDENCE, DUNMORE, WAVERLY, AND HUMPHREYSVILLE,

AUTHENTIC ACCOUNTS OF THE ORIGIN AND PRESENT

CONDITION OF THE VARIOUS RAILROADS, COAL,

IRON, AND MANUFACTURING COMPANIES,

CHURCHES, SCHOOLS, SOCIETIES,

ETC., ETC., OF THE PLACES

ABOVE NAMED.

DIRECTORY & BUSINESS ADVERTISER,

FOR 1867 AND 1868,

COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY

Euteretl iiccorcliiig to Act of Congress, in the year IHb", tiy

Andrew B. Ualatian, in tlie Clerk's Ortice of tlie District Court of the

Western District of Pennsylvaniii.

Printed and Bound at the "Republican" Office, 18G7.

PETER KAHLER,

MANUFACTIJKEB OF

BOOTS 8c SHOES,

Xo. Ill 'W^ommg A\eii\ie.

Mr. Kahler having resided in this city for the past twelve years, flatters himself that he can manufacture as good work as can be done in the

and warrants a good fitting boot in every instance.

He is a good judge of STOCK, and works none but the very best

Frencli Material,

which is well known to be superior to all others. He can produce references of undoubted character. Among them, are the late

and the present incumbent of the Presidential Chair at Washington.

ALL KINDS OF WORK MADE TO ORDER. Repairing^ Done in the IVeate!!it Style.

1^^ Remember the place,

No. 117 ITiryoniing Avenue.

1583S03

Publisher's Preface.

In presenting a Directory of Scranton City, Dunmoro, and AVavcrly Borough to the public, we bespeak for it a friendly reception, as wc be- lieve its merits entitle it to that distinction. We liave aimed to make, as our prospectus promised, a full and complete directory of the names of those residing within the limits of the places we have designated, includ- ing also a history of the rise and progress of Scranton, together with com- prehensive details of its present immense manufacturing establishments, its schools, churches, societies, &c., &c.

Our effort has been to make a work as nearly perfect as possil)le, and to that end we have been unremitting in our labors. That the book is liable to criticism we freely admit, but while we say this, we claim that for a first attempt in this locality to collect and arrange the many materials of which it is composed, it is more than usually perfect, and therefore en- titled to the confidence of those into whose hands it may fall.

The labor of procuring accurate information on all subjects presented has been attended with many difRcultios that will not embarrass future eftbrts in this direction. "VVe feel a pride in believing that what is herein presented will not only be valuable and serviceable to the citizens of Scran- ton, but will enable strangers and residents of other places to obtain some- thing near a correct idea of its present importance and the basis upon which is predicated the belief of its future greatness.

"VVe doubt not many who see this book M'ill be surprised at the extent of the business and manufacturing interests it shows to be already centered in Scranton. "VVe believe, however, that its manufacturing enterprises are yet in their infancy. Its advantages for manufacturing are so great and so manifest, that they cannot fail to draw hither continually new branches of industry. In the heart of the coal region, fuel is inexhausti- ble and costs almost nothing ; the center of a network of railroads, its facilities for gathering in raw material and for sending finislu'd products to market (New York being only seven hours distant) are unsurjiassed ; as yet undeveloped, sites for manufacturing concerns can be bought com- paratively cheap ; there is now a large class of unemployed labor liere which could be profitably used in cotton or woolen mills, boot and shoe

PUBLISHER'S PREFACE.

factories, &c. ; the Lackawanna and Wyoming vallies themselves, with a population of about one hundred thousand souls, supply an almost inex- haustible market for many varieties of manufactured goods. Scranton is, in brief, able to offer to manufacturers all the advantages that can be gained in any location, and many that can be found nowhere else. Such facilities are sure to be taken advantage of.

We congratulate ourself and our subscribers on having been able to secure the valuable services of Dr. H. HoUister, of Providence, in preparing the historical sketches of Scranton, Providence, andDunmore, embraced in the first forty pages of the work. To Dr. A. Davis, of Hyde Park, we return thanks for a history of the M. D.'s who have lived and practiced their profession in this valley. We are under obligations also to Dr. C. A. Stevens for information relative to the Masonic Fraternity. To Hon. John Brisbin, Watts Cooke, John B. Smith, George Johnson, A. J. Smith, Thomas Dickson, George L. Dickson, E. W. Weston, J. J. Albright, J. C. Plait, E. P. Kingsbury, James S. Slocum, and James Archbald, Esqs., the clergymen of tlie various churches, and others, who have aided us, and in various ways encouraged the enterprise, we return our cordial thanks. We desire also to acknowledge our appreciation of the encouragement afforded us by the business men of Scranton.

A. B. GALATIAN.

Index to Advertisements.

Hi@_, See fly leaves for adverti.-cments not indexed.

NAME. PAfiE.

Ackerson, W H & Co, Hardware, 118

Arthur, Miss E, Dress 3Iaker, 336

Amsdon, C J tt Co, Books and Stationery, 202

Amsdon, Joel, Architect, 202

American Hotel, Elmira, X Y, 170

Brownell, D K. Photographer, 117

Baillie, David, Painter, .' 136

Brownins;, J, Millinerv, 136

Book *t ''Marshall, Tobacconists, 264

Bigolow, "W A & Co, Wholesale Manufacturers, 330

Bedford, B E, Saddle and Harness Maker, 403

Brainard, Chas H, Landlord 227

Brj-den Bros & Cooper, Merchants, 244

Brown, August, Blacksmith, 248

Benedict Bros, Job Printers, 182

Bedford, A, Druggist, 40-5

Bedford Andrew P, Hardware, 407

Bancroft House, East Saginaw, 3Iich, 414

Carpenter, S S& Bros, Confectioners, 258

Colvin, M R & Co, Furniture, 25o

Chase, G B, Photographer, 150

Clark, M J, Merchant Tailor, 152 & 254

Cone & Lent, "Wholesale Merchants, 154

Cannon, C H & Co, Grocers, 154

Collins, FD, Lawyer, 131

Connell & Silkman, Hardware Dealers, 41(i

Crandall, FA & Co, Printers and Binders

Doersam, Philip, Merchant Tailor, 177

D L & W Eailroad 1 185

Dale & Keene, "Wholesale ]\[erchants, 198

Delaware tt Hudson Canal Co, 276

Dickson Manufacturing Co 270

Erie Eailway, 1 184

Eastman's Xational Business College, 188

Ferris, 31 J, Wholesale Flour Dealer 336

First National Bank, 248

Fuller, Chas & Son, Insurance Agents 168

Finch & Co, Foundry & Machine Shops 147

Frit7,, GW, Saddle and Harness Maker 156

Friedman & Bro, Clothing, 138

Fuller, W H, Agent, 1 412

Green, 31, Distiller, 157

Griggs, GeoW, Hotel Proprietor 161

Gardner's Business College, : 250

Grant, D E, Bakery, 160

Grady & 3IcGraw, 3Iillinery, 166

Grant & Frothingiiam, Insurance Agents, 172

Grand Trunk Eailroad, 412

Grover & Baker, Sewing 3Iachine Co, 180 & 101

INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.

Gregory & Snover, Tobacconists, 209

Great Western Railway, 413

Griffin, Philip, Dentist, 218

Haupt, Wm, Boots and Shoes, 154

Haettich, P, Watchmaker, 157

Hackett, James, Merchant Tailor, » 166

Hand & Coston, Sash & Blind Factory, 236

Holland, H & A D, Grocers, __^ 170

Hill, B A, Upholsterer, 177

Hill, E S M, Job Printer,

Hannah, Daniel, Lawyer, 188

Hull, S S, Dealer in Liquors and Wines, 199

Hoyt, GE, do do do 206

Harding,WS& J L, Grocers, 143

Jones, Lewis, Lawyer, 188

Kearney, M M & Co, Wholesale Grocers, 359

Kirkpatrick, C. W., Coftce and Spices, 415

LaMarr, M, Life Insura-nce agent 134

Loomis & Hannah, Lawyers, 240

Ladd, J A, Grocer, 175

Laflins, Boies, & Torek, Powder Dealers, 131

Lackawanna & Bloomsburgh Railroad, 410

Lehigh «& Susquehanna Railroad, 411

Moosic Powder Co, 300

Mitchell, B C, Hotel Proprietor, 401

Miller & Teal, Dry Goods, 413

Masser, G W, Physician & Ins Ag't, 154

Morris, David, 3Ierchant Tailor, 163

Monies & Pughe, Steam Bakery, 168

Maclaren, John, Brassfounder, 173

Marks «& Cohen, Tobacconists, 175

Norton, M, News Room, 141

Nettleton, P E, Boots and Shoes, 230

Nash, S M, Landlord, 226

Newman, W G & Co, City Market, 258

Northern Central Railway, 193

O'Meara, M, Hotel Keeper, 378

Oakes, D B & Co, Wholesale Commission Merchants, 244

Patterson, Joseph P, Soap Manufactory, 240

Patersen, D, Scranton Steam Mill, 244

Parrott, Thos, Merchant Tailor, 156

Petersen, Alexis, Watchmaker, 159

Pollock, Allan, Druggist, 161

Phelps & Chase, Wholesale Merchants, 138

Pennsylvania Central Railroad, 415

Post, G H & Co, Coffee and Spices, 143

Phila & Erie Railroad, 194

Rand, Howell, & Co, Maltsters & Brewers, 300

Robinson, Jacob & Co, Brewers & Maltsters, 223

Repp, Frederick, Grocer, 231

Robinson, J F, Books and Stationery, 240

Roberts, Daniel S, Livery, 248

Roaring Brook Ice Co, 170

Smith/Mrs. M A, Dress Maker, 258

Salsbury, O N, Prop'r Bristol House, 359

Scranton Stove & Mfg Co, 360

Silknnin & Woolsey, Carpenters, 378

Smith, A J, Lawyer, ^ 401

St. Charles Hotel, 227

Stewart & Slockbower, Market,-. 230

^NDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.

Smith & McKune, Insurance Agents, 234

Snow, A O, Boots & Shoes, 125

Stevens, Chas A, Physician, 131

Sivelly, Miss Emma, Fancy Store, 13G

Sanderson, Geo & Co, Bankers, 166

Second National Bank, 173

Silsbee, G B, Builder, 175

Stuart, "VV G, Grocer, 177

Schurch's Photographic Studio, 219

Simpson, F H, Photographer, 222

Taylor, S L & Co, Market, 231

Tillman, J, Dyer & Cleaner, 244

Veazie & Kies, Hotel Prop'rs, 161

"Wyoming House, 226

Wagner, Frederick, German Printer, 238

Watres, Lewis S, Insurance Agent, 125

Winton, A H, Lawyer, 138

Worden, Miss B A, Hair Braider, 141

Willard, E N, Insurance Agent, 141

"VVatrous, Biggs, Wholesale Hardware Dealer, 143

Weston, C T & Co, Steam Flouring Mill, 168

Washburn & Drinker, Coal Dealers, 170

Wade Bros, Crockery, 414

Warner & Winton, Dry Goods, 203

Welles, ChasH, Lawyer, 206

Ward, Mrs L A, Ladies' Furnishing Goods 206

Zeidler's Hotel, 414

MORKIS & ESSEX RAILROAD.

The Morris and Essex Railroad, already opened through to Easton, is an important link in the great net work of railroads through our country ; and affords a cheap and easy transit to the citizens of this valley, to New York or Easton - connecting as it does with the Delaware, Lacka- wanna, and Western Railroad at AVashington, This is the only direct line to Newark, N. J., from this locality, and passengers reach New York full as quick as by any other lino. This road traverses a country unsurpassed in beauty of scenery and full of historic interest. Morris- town, once the headquarters of General Washington, is on the line of this road. The old house where AVashington and his Generals held their consultations in the trying times of the American Revolution still stands there on a gentle rise of ground overlooking the town. The same furniture used by the General still remains in the old house, and is care- fully taken care of by the town authorities. 3Iany other places of note and importance - which we have not the time and space to speak of in this article - are reached by this road. The road is built in the most substantial manner, with all the modern improvements, and its manage- ment is faultless - A. P. Berthoud, its General Superintendent, is, ]iro- bably, one of the best Railroad men in the country, having had a long experience in the various details of his business.

Conductors being the representative men of a Company, this road is particularly fortunate in having secured the services of such men as J. T. Langstaff, A B. Fuller, and others, whose constant care is the comfort and safety of their passengers. AVe bespeak for this popular route a large passenger traffic from the Lackawanna A'alley.

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312 LACKAWANM AVEIUE.

-(L^ljc 0ub ^ailn ^itMisljcb m the (iTitn;

One of the Largest and Most Interesting

In Northern Pennsylvania.

nun mti MNcv JOB munm (

DONE WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH. f,

Books Bound at Short Notice.?

V BLANkS OF ALL KINDS PRINTED AND FOR SALE. l)

f) (J

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MEG-AEGEL & CO.,

Wholesale and Retail Dealers in

TEAS, tOFFEES,

GtlOC£lltE$, fSOVtStONS

Foreign and Domestic

FRUITS & NUTS.

This firm is prepared to supply the public and the trade with everything in their line at the very lowest CASH PJilCE. All Goods are warranted as rcjji'csented. Our motto :

^' Small Profits^ Quick Sales, and Casb.,"

is strictly adhered to, and enables us to undersell those who deal on a credit system. Call at

208 Lackawanna Avenue, Scranton.

I. F. MEGARGEL, STEPHEN P. HULL.

MORRIS AND ESSEX RAIL ROAD.

NEW UNH TO NEW VOBKt And only DIRECT line to Newark, N. J.

This Koad connects at Eiistoii with Lehigh and Sus- quehanna and Lehigh Valley Railroads, at Fhillips- Iiurg-Ii with the Belvidere Delaware Eailroad, at Wa$hms|;loii with the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad, at Waterloo witli the Sussex Railroad for

JVEWTOiSJ^ and ^VNDOVEK,

and at JVevrark with Newark and BLOOMii'iELD Road for

-fiOtjVT eij^filR and UI^OOMFMEMjO,

Passengers taking Cars at Scrailtoii on the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad in the morning- are sure to make connection with this road at Wasliing'- toii, arriving in HKW ITOICK as soon as by any other line.

A. P. BERTHOUU.

General Superintendent, Hoboken, N, J,

History of Scranton.

Lackawanna Valley owes its earliest explorations and settlement entirely to the Moravians, who fled from Moravia, in Germany, to escape persecu- tion, and made their first settlement in Pennsylvania, in 1740. After they had established themselves at Bethlehem long enough to become familiar with the Indian language, they pushed eighteen miles north- ward, where the rapid Ma-ha-noy joins the Lehigh, and made the first settlement in a north direction in Pennsylvania, above the Blue Piidge. On the old warrior's path by way of Wyoming, this was about fifty miles from the mouth of the Lackawanna, and from the inhospitable character of the forest, extending oven to the cold shore of Lake Ontario, this philanthropic settlement was named Gnad-en-hutten, or Huts of Mercy.

The Indian name of this stream was Leehaio-hanna (pronounced La-ha- hanna, the letter "a" in the Indian guttural having the sound of "r" as Lr-hr-hr-nr').

Lehaw, the prefix, signifying thejorks, and Iianna, as in Susque-hanna, Toby-hanna, Kappa-hannock, Tunkhanna, and Tunkhannock, implying in Indian language a stream of water, or a stream of laughing water. Lackawanna is the corruption of the Indian word Leehaw-hanna.

In the earliest surveys by Connecticut, in 1769-70, Xac/vatwna appears upon the map, while the Pennsylvania Archives of 1769, page 343, tell of persons building " a log house for defense at Lacknawanack, near Wio- ming, on the Susquehannah." Thomas Bennett assisted a party of New England men, in 1769, to build a block house at a place called Lama- wanak. (Pa. Archives, 1771.) "Forks of the Lahaivanah." (Pa. Ar- chives, 1771.)

The Westmoreland liecords, in 1771, speak of the stream and the val- ley as Lackaworna ; in 1772 as Lockorioorna ; in 1774 as Lackaioanna and Lockawarna. After the Wyoming battle, the Pittston forts capitulated to the British, July 4, 1778, under the name of Lacaiuanack forts. Up- on the Kecords of Luzerne county, of 1790, as well as upon the official documents of this and subsequent years, the name of Lakawanuk so often occurs in relating to this locality, that the name appeared to have been a mere provincialism for a time. About the year 1840 the wannock was lopped of!" by gradual habit, and the original and sweet sounding name of Lackawanna again adopted.

The zealous friend of these brethren was Count Zinzendorf, a distin- guished foreigner, who, to advance their religious interests, and to bring

2 SCRAXTON CITY DIRECTORY.

to bear the ameliorating influences of Christianity upon the red men, came from Saxony to the wilds of Pennsylvania on this errand of love. In companj'- with a celebrated missionary named Mack, and his heroic wife, both acquainted with the Indian tongue, they visited Wmiglvwa- wame^i\\& principal town in Wyoming Valley, and the Indian. village of Assarughney ^ ten miles up the Susquehanna, standing midway between the mouth of the Lackawanna and the bold precipice famed afar as "Campbell's Ledge."*

This was in 1742, and it is knov/n, or rather believed, to be the first visit ever made to the Lackawanna Valley by a white man or woman. The visit lasted twenty days, and as these enthusiastic and daring mis- sionaries had permission from the Indians to visit all their villages, it is probable that Capouse was honored by their presence, as it stood up the Lackawanna only eight miles from Assarughney.

Capouse Meculow was the permanent camp place of Capouse and his tribe. It extended down Lackawanna to the rnouth of Nayaugf or Eoar- ing Brook, and up the stream^ as far as the Capouse works of Mr. Carter. The Scranton race course is located about midway along the ancient do- minions of this once pacific chief, and the Diauiund mines open upon its western border. The rich alluvial meadow land literally scooped out of the Moosic range, giving to that portion of the valley Ij'ing in the old certified town of Providence, upon the west .side of the Lackawanna, such a canoe or basin-like appearance, was known and designated as "Ye Capouse Meadow," b}^ the earliest settlers, to perpetuate the memory and virtues of this great chief. Although the v.'hole valley was occupied by the Indians, as hunting grounds, long before the blankness of the red man's life "was changed by the pale face, and tb.ere were sece/i J/u/lan vil- lages strung along the Lackawanna when first explored by the whites, all standing on the western bank, facing tlio ea^t, ihc only two with a meadow or land cleared around the wigwams, for a garden, or a mound to carefully' receive their dead, were Capouse and Assarughney - the first a }Ionsey and the last a Delaware town.

The Indian title to this land, and all tlu; lijnds of the Lackawanna valley within tea miles ea-ft of the Susquehanna, was extinguished by purchase, July 11th, 17-34, at :i grand Council of the Six Xations held at Alban}', but no attempt was made b_y the whit;-- i-i .'.vjilore or settle the valley itntil 1769.

*riicliiiockiU)nis, A fiieiully Cliiof who apiJeai'ed b( ^)rij ili - I'roviu^iivl Cmiipii in PliiUi- (liljjhia Fcl). 22iid, 1756, in giving infbvmatiou in rpgart! to tiie 0cla\varos, isulirnu'il tlieni that " tlio Dohiwares fled to Assarockney and liis)i''i' lUi, having tliprc a I'ig liill, f|ii-iili.-;lily meaning CanipbcU's Ledge) on one side, and th<.' riviT Su.-.iu^dianiiali vu tin' olhorsid^- of their present town.'' - Colonial Record, \u\. 7, P. 52.

fTliis brook was called Nay-aug or Naw-yaw by the Indians. The etymology of thi-s word 16 something in doubt. The syllable ua pronounced ?k!!0, Seems to have been associated w'lh the idea of noise - sounding, or roaring, in th-' Indiiui bmgire^e, as well as in iiiiiny otlj r tongues. [Prof. Chapin and lioger Williams.]

HISTORY OF i<rRAXTOX. 3

This purcha.*e of land was ciT^led tlie Susquehanna Com]iany"s Indian purchase, and it extended fron: the line ten miles east of the river, one hundred and twenty miles wc.s;f, to within two Counties of Lalce Erie. All of this vast territory peopled with savages and rich with native wild- erne-s, was named in ronnecticiit Surveys, as tlie " To-\vn and Countv of 'W'estniiireKind.' -

The land west of the J'flaware river, to the line vit/tin ten tn'des of the Susquehanna, was subseipiently purchased from the Indians by a Con- necticut Company, known as the Delaware Co. The square Townslii[) in the Delaware purchase contained '23,000 acres ; those in the Susque- hanna purchase, being five miles square, contained JJ5, 000 acres.f It will be readily seen that the division line between those two purchases ran between Scranton and Dnnniore, and then bonding to the left, passed through Scott, Abington. and along the upper waters of the Tunkhannock, T^Ieshoppen, TVyalusing. teiujinating near the village of Athens at Tioga Point. The greater portion of Dunmorc wa-^ thus included in the Dela- ware Indian purchase, while a portion only of Providence and Abint,'ton was embraced in the Susquehanna Indian purchase.

As early as 1757 a settlement was commenced by the Delaware Com- pany at Cos/iidimk on the Delaware river, which flourished several years.*

In 17G2 there lived here sixteen families, and the whole .settlement extended seven miles along the river. John Williamson , employed by order of G-ov. Hamilton of Pfnn^ylvania, to gain intelligence of the numbers settled here v\-]iom he had oi-dered away the year previous, reported that their head man is named Moses Thomas, lives in ye 2nd Settlement ; his brother lives half a mile from him, and is named Aaron Thomas, lives in ye 1st Settlement.

:]rp Settt.kment.

Isaac Tracey and Christopher Tracey. brothers, owns a Saw ^lill.

Johnathan Tracey, tln'ir Cou/.iii lives witli Christopher.

Eeuben Jones lives with I.~aae Tracey.

3[oses Kimboll, do.

Levi Kimboll. do.

James Pennin.

Daniel Cash.

4th Skttlkmkx'I'.

Xathan Park-.

Tyler.

Cumming.

"Tiiere are in all 40 mc-u - told him tln-y lu'ld thi-ir land- under New

England - have laid out a town four miles to the west of them, on a body

of fine land, on a braneli i-unning in Laclcawaxen - threatened if any

Sheritf came to molest them, thev would tie a stone about his neck and

.More laii'l vrfst. j Miner. J: Miner's histerv. flic sniii..'.

4 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

send him down to his Governor, they knew the woods well and would pop them down three for one."

Nathan Chapman, who lives on the Jersey side, told him no body of men could come up without their having notice half a day before they arrived, from the Minisink people, who had promised to give them intelligence. They told him they had not heard from Connecticut for a great while, and did not know whether any persons were coming from thence to settle amongst them ; but that whenever Wyoming Avas settled, they would leave Cashetunk and go and settle there under New England, (except Nathan Parks, who said he would submit to any Government that had the right to it) was informed by them that the land held good for fifty miles up Delaware ; said their Agent was lately returned from England, and brought news that there was no doubt of getting the land for Con- necticut. Some have got four or five acres of Indian corn, some three, some two ; no wheat - lives in pretty good log houses, covered with white pine shingles, or boards, vast quantities of that kind of timber there, very fine. The land upon which they are settled, is very good ; did not pretend to hold under any Indian Eight ; Said it would be hard to hurt them, and should fall on those who sent them - were in general scarce of provisions, especially bread - get their corn in cans from Minisink. The land flies are intolerable. The route he took was up the Delaware to Minnisink, to Keikendahls, which is seventy miles from Easton, crossed the Delaware at Wolpack, fifteen miles above Depuis ; from Keikendahls, travelled in an Indian path to Cashetunk, which is forty miles, a misera- ble rocky cou.ntry. At Goshen, a man told him his wife had lately re- turned from In river, where she heard that one hundred families were coming from Connecticut, in as private a manner as possible, to settle the land at Wyoming."*

The Indian war path from the Delaware Kiver to the Wyoming Valley came into the Capouse near the northern part of Scranton, and was, before the arrival of the whites, the only known trail approaching the valley from the east.

The first road built in the adjoining county of Wayne, started from Cushetunk (now Damascus,) and ran from thence to Big Eddy (Narrows- burgh,) thence to the narrows on the Lackawaxen through Paupack, Salem, sloping into this old Indian Meadow, about one raile above Slocum Hollow.

Before this, however, in 17(39, the Shohola or Connecticut road, was marked out by the early emigrants from Hartford. Being the nearest route, it was selected, and as it followed this old trail of the Indians, it required less labor to give it the few advantages it possessed over the sur- rounding wilderness for the passage of wagons.

Providence township, laid out five miles square, covered an area of

* Pa. Archives, 1762.

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 5

6,000 acres, and included within its limits territory now embraced ill the city of Scrauton, consisting of Scranton proper, Hyde Park and Providence, together with the flourishing villages of Olyphant, Dunmorc, and a portion of the present township of Pittston. It was designated in the old "Westmoreland Kocords as " Ye sixth town of Capouse." A few emigrants from Hartford, Ct., buoyed with hope and heroism, and un- daunted by the perils incident to the life of the early frontiersmen, in these then savage wilds, marked out their pitches^- here in 1771 ; but were either summoned by the hatchets, or fled from the valley before exulting savages, in the summer of 1778 ; so that no successful attempt to settle Slocum Hollow was made until 1786.

The close of the revolutionary struggle naturally awakened hopes of permanent repose, to the inhabitants of a region well known to be fer- tile and inviting.

Settlers began to pour in from Xew England, and many who had been driven from the country by their savage assailants returned again, as the arrow and the hatchet no more threatened their abandoned firesides. Among them was Philip Abbott, who returned to the Lackawanna Val- ley in 1786, at the time the renowned Col. Ethan Allen, of Yciraont, visited Wyoming Valley, with the view of forming an independent State to be called " Westmoreland,"' with its capitol at Wilkes-Barre. Philip was a native of Windham county, Connecticut, and had previously owned property in Wyoming, which he had disposed of, in 1777, to his more courageous brother James, who was among the number expelled by the Tories and Indians the ensuing year. Philip built a small log house on the edge of Koaring Brook, but a few feet in front of the location of the old house of Esquire Slocum, in 1788. After Philip had explored the fine water power along the Lackawanna, with the view of supplying the present or any future want that agricultural development in the Capouse Meadow, or elsewhere along the valley, could not fail to inspire, he com- menced to erect a mere miniature corn or grist mill, upon the northern bank of the Koaring Brook, just as it enters the Capouse region, and but a few rods above the location of the present grist mill in Scranton, in the year 1788.

This was constructed in a manner simple and original, merely by elevat- ing the mill stones sufficiently from the necessary gearing beneath. A rude leather belt placed on the drum of the water wheel, then twisted and put on the spindle of the mill stones, comprised the total and complete machinery of the mill. The flinty, silicious stones, first used in this mill, for grinding, were brought from an adjoining ledge, and were as rudely shaped as was the mill itself. Slabs split or hewn from the tree, and barks lashed on with withes, composed the roof as well as the sides of this structure ; all of which was supported by six strong crutches, cut from the sturdy saplings growing upon the banks of the stream. Its holt

*The name given to every new clearing.

6 SC'PvAKTON CITY DIRECTORY.

wsis quite as unique and curious as any part of the contrivance, consisting of* a drj- deer f.Jdv, closely perforated with small holes. This, being oper- ated entirely by hand, made the only separation of the fiour from the coarse bran. An old gentleman, who has passed from among us, once told the writer that when a boy he often accompanied his father to the mill, and that while the grist was being ground he was compelled to shake this novel bolt, while " the old man and the miller got jolly on the whis- key punches in the house.'' Constructed so imperfectly, it could for some time only crack the Indian corn for savip, one t)f the greatest lux- uries here at that period.

James Abbott became interested in this property in October of the same year, and in April, 1780, Keubcn Taylor became associated with the Abbotts in the mill. Mr. Taylor built a log house a few rods below that of Mr. Abbott, which was the second house erected in " Deep Hollow.'' They also cut and cleared off a few acres of land immediately below this point on the bank of the brook. At this time only two other grist mills were to be found, in all the large district of country noAv embraced in Luzerne, Susquehanna, Wyoming, "Wayne, and Pike counties. Grists of grain were brought from the bordering counties to Slocum's mill often upon the backs of the sturd_y pioneers, and sometimes even by hardy and heroic women, who performed the journey alone and on foot, while the husband toiled for a sustenance on the new made clearing at home. The mother of the writer informed him that after the settlement of Salem

^

Wayne county, in 1814:, she had often crossed over Cobb mountain, alone, on horse back, to Slocum's mill, with a bag of grain, sometimes carrying a child in her arms. The journe}- took two days, and was not unfrequently enlivened towards evenin;;- by the sublime howling of wolves alarmingh" near.

The Slocums were a hospitable people, and usually kept those all night who came too long a distance to return to their homes tlie same day.

In 1814, Timothy Stevens erected a grist mill in Blakely, upon the Lackawanna, and two years later Edmund Harford commenced another one, upon one of the fair water tributaries of the Wallenpaupack, in Sa- lem, Wayne county, a short distance above the ancient "Lackawa" settlement.

In the spring nf 1790, John Howe purchased the mill of the Messr.^. Abbott and Taylor, and with his brother, Seth Howe, moved into Tay- lor's house. Taylor then took possession of the land now known as the Uncle Joe Grifhn Farm, but thinking it would never be worth the tri- fling county and state tax imposed upon it, disposed of \i at the first opportunity. ITpon StalTord Meadow Brook,* a little '.elow Scranton, the Staftbrds built a saw mill, which finally passed intr the hands of the slocums.

*Tlii8 l)rook took its ii;iint) from Otipt. .loliu Stiitlbrd, who inadi' thi_' first imrcUasf iipou its head vaters, in 1777.

lIIST(Ma" OF SiTvAXTOX. 7

A mail nauied Gwiii ciuiie from Xow Jcrsoy, in 1700, to -'SlocumV Hollow," as this portion of Capouse was designated after 1798. llowo and Gwin built a log grist mill, in IHO-t, upon one of the most soutliorn branches of the Tunkhannock, now in Scott townsliip, and lionce the impression by many, that the first mill in Slocum Hollow wa- built by them. In 1798 there stood here but two houses, which were occupied re- spectively by John Howe and his family and Stephen Gwin.

There had been little or no progress towards extending the scttlemiMit at the Hollow up to this time.

In fact there were but fifty-three taxables in i\\v entire valley, above Pittston townsliip, in 179G, as will be seen by the subjoined list :

Cornelius Atherton, John Atherton, Eleazer Athertun, Benjauiin At- water, William Ailsworth, Philip Abbot, James Abbot, Solomon J3atcs, James Brown, James Bagley, Asher Bagley, Jesse Bagley, William Cogswell, Asa Cobb, John Cary, Charles Dolph, Moses Dolph, Aaron Dolph, Jonathan Dolph, John Evans, Stephen Gardner, John Gilford, Stephen Hoyt, John Howe, John Ilowe, -Jr.. Ilainsford Hoyt, William Hardy, Enoch Holmes, jSTathan Hall, John Halstead, Jonas Halstead, James Lyons, Conrad Lutts, Jacob Lutts, Nicholas Lutchens, John Lam- kins, Christopher ^Miller, John Mills, Ebenezer Park, Thomas Picket, Benjamin Pedrick, Jonathan lialph, Thomas Smitii, Timothy Stephens, "William Simrol. Daniel Scott, Constant Searls, John Taylor, Daniel Taylor, Preserved Taylor, Abraham Taylor, Isaac Tripp, Isaac Tripp, Jr.*

Joseph Fellows, Sen., had permanently located himself on the hill- side, across the yet bridgeless Lackawanna, Ileuben Taj'lor and John La Pronse just below him, AVm. Bishop lived in the woods, where Judge 3Ierrifield's house now stands, in Hyde Park, and tlie Tripjis on the western edge of Capouse Meadow above. While on a visit to Capouse, the extraordinary inducements to men of energy offered by lloaring Brook, with its frequent falls and liberal current, and its banks covered with timber, induced Ebenezer and Benjamin Slocum to purcliase the entire improvements of John Hoav'C, in 1798. This was more readily done at this time, as Miss Lydia Howe, a daughter of John Howe, had just committed suicide, in a temporary fit of despondency, by lianging her-self with her garters. Tliis appalling event rendered the solitude and loneliness of this Capouse glen to Mrs. Howe so much more desolate than before that she induced her husband to part with the property without reluctance.

The year 1798 was an important one in tlio history of the llnlhjw. An unsuccessful attempt had been made previous to this to call the mill and two log houses UnionvUle, but settlers visiting the mill at that time called it "The Ilollrr," until after 1798, when by general consent or un- derstanding it became known as "Slocum Hollow."

Ebenezer was married to a daughter of Dr. Joseph Davis, one of the

* Annuls Lii'.crue county.

8 SCEANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

most eccentric medical men ever known in the Lackawanna Yalley. Half a century ago all the surgical and medical business along the Lack- awanna, and much of that in Wyoming Valley, fell into Dr. Davis's hands. He died in 1830, aged 98 years.

Benjamin was a single man. He afterwards married Miss Phebe La Fronse. The old red house now standing on the edge of Eoaring Brook, known far and wide as the old '^Squire Slocum house," was erected by Ebenezer Slocum in the fall of 1805. There was no clearing here at this time, other than a small patch for a garden, in the rear of this house, a narrow strip by the mill and forge, and a few acres down Koar- ing Brook. Benjamin built the second frame house in the Hollow, on the bluif overlooking the forge dam. So grand was the view from the porch of this new building upon the forge below, glowing and hissing with its flaming retinue, that an octogenarian informs the writer that it was called in olden time "Looking down into purgatory."

A saw mill was built here by the Slocums in 1799, after the primitive grist mill had been enlarged and repaired, and a distillery had been add- ed thereto. Up the gentle slope towards the present location of the Wyoming House, land was cleared in 1810. The deer, sheltered by the tall pines, spreading their green foliage far up the mountain and down the valley, had ever browsed and loitered over the site of Scranton un- disturbed till now. The woods extending over the present depot and round house location were chopped and logged off, in 1816, and one crop of wheat sown and gathered.

To the vigorous mind of Dr. Wm. Hooker Smith, the lower portion of the valley was indebted for the conception and existence of a forge, which at this time was converting the raw ores into ready iron ; but no attempt was made to develop the mineral wealth of any other portion of it, un- til the Slocums erected their foi'ge in Slocum Hollow, in the year 1800. Near the grist naill and the extra dam already thrown across the stream stood this forge, with its fires and single trip hammer, and from the bog ore cropping out along the various creeks in the valley was forged out the iron. Here these sun burnt energetic men, under the shadows of a protecting cliff, fashioned and worked their forges, and the sound of the trip hammer and the roar of the waterfall formed the choral of their domestic life.

Not knowing the mechanical use of the anthracite coal blackening the creek sides around their forge, they had to depend solelj' upon charcoal for heating. Anthracite, in fact, was used nowhere in the United States for making iron, until 1837, although bituminous coal was employed in England for that purpose by Dudley, about one hundred years before.

The ore, generally found in small pieces, was broken still finer and roast- ed, then placed in the conical shaped furnaces, constructed of stone. In these fm-naces it was mixed with the proper quantity of charcoal, then melted and separated from the slag. The cast-iron being then verv brit-

HISTORY OF SC'RANTON. 9

tie, was reduced to malleable-iron by heating again in a bed of charcoal, rolled into balls, when it was caught and shaped by the clattering trip- hammer, into any desired form or size.

Iron thus made here by the Slocums,.is said to have been fibrous in texture, very stout, and little liable to rust. About twenty-five per cent was allowed for waste.

The expense of thus making iron was found to be so considerable, that only its increasing demand for mill irons, blacksmitli purposes, ploughshares, &c., from many parts, but more especially from the Lake country, enabled them to manufacture it at a living profit.

Up to 1828, a period of twenty-eight years, was this productive forge always at work ; and then the ditficulty of obtaining the necessary ore, some of which was brought from several miles up the Lackawanna, over close, thick underbrush of the forest, the worn-out condition of the forge, combined with the imperative demands of other business, tended to its final abandonment.

In connection with this forge a sawmill, two distilleries, and their grist-mill, was successfully operated by the Slocums, who, in return for early investments and privations, began to receive ample and well-deserv- ed remuneration.

At various times the Slocums had purchased lands in the vicinity of the Capouse, and at the time of the death of Ebenezer, he owned some 1,700 acres - most of which was coal land.

Ebenezer and Benjamin, it will be recollected, were brothers to Frances Slocum, who was taken prisoner by the Indians at Wilkes Barre in 1778, and whose sad subsequent history, awakened throughout the country, so thrilling an interest. She died at Logansport, Indiana, in July, 1853, among the red tribes, who had taught her to love them, and whose habits had become her own. She left two daughters, one of whom has since gone the way of her mother.

Ebenezer himself was picked up by the savages at the same time. " The mother,'-' says Miner, " stepped up to the savage, and reaching for the child, said : ' He can do j-ou no good ; see he is lame.' With a grim smile, giving up the boy, he took Frances, her daughter, aged about five years, gently into his arms, and seizing the younger Kingsley by the hand, hurried away to the mountains."

Strange as was this escape from life-long captivity, or death, it was not more miraculous than an event in his history m 1808. At this time, Ebenezer was engaged in removing some slight obstruction about the race of the forge, when he accidentally fell into the current while the forge was in full operation. The negro who was at work with the trip- hammer at the time, sprang for a piece of wood, which, with great pres- ence of mind, he placed under the hammer in such a manner as to arrest the motion of the water-wheel at once, leaving the buckets so in range with the race, that Slocum pa.ssed through with the current, coming out

10 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

below the forge without sustaining any greater injury than the terrible fright the sub-marine journey gave him. What seems the most incredi- ble is, that while Slocum was a man of more than liberal stature - weighing about two hundred pounds - he could pass alive through an aperture whose actual width was only siz inches !

His son Joseph, who was born in Slocum Hollow in the year 1800, and who lives on Staftbrd Meadow Brook, a hearty, hale, jolly veteran as he is, yet retains the purse, «&c., his father had in his pocket at the time of this remarkable adventure. Until after this hnjyressive event, he never acknowledged the existence of another world.

In 1810, although there were but three houses in Slocum Hollow, a Post-office was established here, and Mr. Slocum appointed Postmaster. Ten years later it was discontinued, and the point on the turnpike at Fellows' Corners selected as a more suitable place for the inhabitants in Providence to receive their letters and papers. At this time there was no P. O. in Luzerne County above this point ; the next year (1811) Elder John Miller was appointed Postmaster in Abington.

The Slocum Hollow office was not exceedingly lucrative, for the mail was only brought over the mountains from Easton, via Wilkes Barre, once a week, upon horseback or on foot, and the grand total of the mail- bag in those times, for this destination, was often less than the mail matter now received each day by many business firms in the same vicinity.

July 11th, 1821, Ebenezer received a Commission as Justice of the Peace. Previous to his death - which took place suddenly at Wilkes- Barre, - he had such a strong presentiment that " the Hollow " would at some period be a great place, that he ofocn vvished he could re-visit it fifty years after his departure. Although half of the time has not yet expired, a portion of his land is so divided and pai'celled out, and so changed, that could we summon his spirit from the "vasty deep," he could, even now, hardly recognize his former quiet home.

Elisha Hitchcock, Esq., a genial old gentleman, moved into the country from New Hampshire, in 1809, and purchased land in Slocum Hollow in 1816. Being a sicillful niill-wright, he wrought all necessary repairs upon the mills of the Slocums, and subsequently married Slocum 's daughter. For a period of twenty-four years, he was the only settler living in the upper portion of this secluded glen. He lived to see the forest retreat before the intruding axe stroke, and bj' his long example of usefulness, sobriety and kindness, contributed no little to elevate and improve the generation around him. The fine brick mansion - standing on the slope of the hill north-east of Scranton, from which one of the prettiest views of the valley, with its close headed hills, is obtained ; and where the villages, reposing in its bosom, and the sturdy locomotive sweeping along the green-sward, as if it Avere mere chess play ; the rich farms, and the shaded streams, altogether make up a lovely picture.

HISTORY OK SCRANTON. 11

framed by the Moobic range of mountain* - was the resilience of the ven- erable old gentleman at the time of his death.

After the forge in Slocum Hollow had ceased to operate, in 1828, there was nothing at this point to arrest the attention of the passer-by but the saw and grist mill and the busy still house of the Sloeums. In fact, after the lirst impulse given to Slocum Hollow, during the period which elapsed from its lirst sett lement in 1798 to 1810, there had been so little, if any, progress made towards expanding the settlement, clearing lands,' or constructing roads, that a pause, almost profound, appears in its his- tory from the latter period up to 1828. During this interval, hardly a single house was built, with the exception of one or two rude structures, for the use of tiie hardy forge-men. Providence, Abington, Greenfield, and Blakely, began to fill up with a thrifty population, while the " Hollow," having little or no land for agricultural purposes, had nothing but its mills and water power to invite hither the settler. Or if the " Hollow " had a gradual growth at this time, it was not due so much to any encroaching ambition of its own, as to the importance given to it by the necessities of the surrounding settlers. Besides this, the Sloeums were men of large social qualifications, and had sufficient wealth and generosity to be contented and happy as they were.

In 1828, the North Branch Canal was commenced at Pittston, and it was hoped by many of the citizens along the Lackawanna, that it might be extended up this stream as far as Slocum HoIIoav or Providence. Meetings were held in Hyde Park, Providence, and Blakely, fcr the purpose of urging upon the Legislature the propriety of extending " the feeder of this canal, or some other improvement, up the vallej- as far as would be thought of service to our citizens and the Commonwealth." Among the moving spirits in these gatherings were Thomas Griffin, William Merrifield, Sylvenas Heernians, Elisha Hitchcock, John Yaughan, William W. Winton, Moses Vaughan, Lewis S. "Watres, and the veritable John Q. Smith, who appear as a committee to correspond with the members on the subject. "While these meetings, as appears by the Wilkes-Barre Advocate of Dec. 19th, 1838, denounced the "black-leg drivellers, in the shape of incorporated companies," they no doubt directed a little attention to the coal and iron hills along the valley, where nothing had been done yet in the way of their development, except by the simple operations of Dr. AY. Hooker Smith, at Old Forge, by the Slocum< ut Slocum Hollow, and by the more comprehensive yet persecuted Maurice and William Wurts. in the forests at Carbondale.

It is a curious fact that the village of Scranton owes its inception to an effort made by the friends of the " Drinker Railroad," to get it con- -tructed. Henry Drinker and William Henry, who were actively and prominently associated in this enterprise during a long series of years of terrible commercial embarrassment and disaster, and who, after great pecuniary sacrifice and physical labor, could not infuse into the inhab-

12 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

itants of the valley, - generally poor and indifferent to anything appar- ently foreign to their advantage, - the importance of this eastern outlet, although they themselves never despaired of ultimately seeing it opened, concluded to let the age ripen before again urging capitalists to work upon their proposed highway. Among the very few who looked upon this phantom of a railroad with either a friendly or hopeful eye, and who contributed by personal sacrifices to vindicate and renew the Charter of ' the "Leggit's Gap" Kailroad, simply to revive and advance the welfare of the " Drinker Kailroad," was Dr. A. Bedford, of Abington, a modest gentleman, whose uprightness as a man and influence as a citizen have been more widely felt in Abington for the last half century than those of any other one, with the single exception of the late beloved John stiller, ever living in that enterprising and flourishing township.

Years of reconnoissance along the western end of the contemplated route, made Henry so familiar with the mineralogical character of the country, that at a meeting of the friends of this road, held three days in Easton, in June, 1836, he expressed a belief that if an iron interest was awakened and once developed in the Lackawanna valley, a town would probably be built as well as the road. He proposed to the gentlemen pres- ent to erect a blast furnace somewhere on the route above Pittston, and if success attended the manufacture of iron, as he was sanguine it would, it could not fail to accomplish, in a short period of time, the great desidera- tum years had failed to mature. Men composing this meeting were marked by strong good sense and liberal views, and yet this idea par- took so much of the bold and the original, that, with a single exception, it received about the same attention from them that the public generally had given their own favorite project. Edward Armstrong, a gentleman of v/ealth, residing on the delightful east bank of the Hudson river, not only favored the proposition, but ofl:ered himself to Mr. Henry as a part- ner in the purchase of land, and in the erection of iron works, at any point deemed most judicious by him, after a more minute survey. During the summer of 1839, Mr. Henry traversed the countrj'- westward and southward, examining various places along the route, to find the best location.

On the low, wild, narrow strip of land, lying almost in the forks of the Lackawanna and the Roaring Brook, from which Scranton itself seems to have exhaled, he found iron ore, the analysis of which proved so pro- ductive and inviting as to determine, at once, the site of the furnace.

This tract of land comprised a portion of the old " Parsonage lot," which was so wisely set apart by the original laws of the Connecticut settlers in Westmoreland, for the use of the first minister in fee, and which was so shrewdly obtained subsequently of the State of Pennsylva- nia, and disposed of, by Elder "William Bishop, the first Baptist preacher in the Lackawanna valley. This tract of la'^d, after passing through several hands, had fallen into the possession of William Merrifleld, Zenas

IIISTOKY OF SCRAXTON. 13

Albro, and 'William Eiekctson. Situated, as it was, upon this brook, where the water conies bubbling down from the mountain sides ; imbedded with vast deposits of iron and coal ; and being on the surveyed route of the Susquehanna and Delaware Railroad, the location apparently furn- ished every feature and element essential to success. The ledge of rock here projecting its silicious face over the brook, promised a good article of hearthstones for the furnace, and stone for the erection of the stack. Nor was this all : the North Branch* excitement was reaching its meridian. Col. H. B. Wright, and Chester Butler, esq., two of the foremost politic- ians of the day in Luzerne county, became interested in the project, and gave assurance of its being carried up the Lackawanna, as far as Eoaring Brook, so that limestone, for the use of the works, could be abundantly and cheaply furnished.

Of all these facts, Mr. Armstrong was apprised by Mr. Henry in Jan- ury, 1840 ; visited by him in the following March, when every arrange- met was made by them to form a co-partnership in the purchase of this property, consisting of 503 acres, and the erection thereon of one or more blast furnaces. Mr. Henry returned to the valley ; and, after negotiating some three months for the land, finally purchased it for $8000. equal to about $16 per acre - ^a price then considered enormous, by people generally, for land possessing no other attractions than the useless minerals r<^posing within its bosom, and huge boulders and trees concealing the scanty soil. As the purchase money was to be paid by Mr. Armstrong, he required the deed to be made out in his own name. For the first payment, a draft of $2,500 in favor of the owners of the property was given by Mr. Henry, on Edward Armstrong, at thirty days ; but before it matured, Mr. Arm- strong was laid in his grave. A few days previous to his illness, which lasted but four days, he wrote to Mr. Henry, " to be sure and secure the Slocum property." He died with the scarlet fever, a disease which, at the same time, carried off two of his children, and for a long time ren- dered his wife almost helpless and heart broken. Thus, death at one stern blow, not only made the fireside desolate, but seemed to claim for the sepulchre the eflforts of the living partner.

Mr. Maitland, his administrator, at once wrote to Mr. Henry, at Strouds- burg, to abandon the purchase, by all means. Depressed but not daunted by this painful information, he immediately wrote to Messrs. Merrifield, Albro, and Ricketson in Hyde Park, the news of the death of his late partner and the non-acceptance of the draft ; asking them to extend the time of payment thirty days, and in the meantime he vrouid endeavor to engage with other parties to step in and take the place of Mr. Armstrong. Mr. Merrifield, returned a prompt reply, that the request would be acceded to on the part of the sellers, provided funds were paid, should the sale be eflfected, which were par in New York.

* As early as 1817, an act to incorporate a company for improying the Lackawanna was passed.

14 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

The death of Mr. Armstrong - a gentleman eminently able, consistent, and liberal - introduced persons into the valley, who, subsequent to this event, began to figure conspicuously in its rapid and healthy develop- ment. jSTot willing to lose a bargain deemed so great, Mr. Henry left Stroudsburg to see some friends in Morris county, Xew Jersey, who before had been anxious to join an enterprise of this character. Meeting his son-in-law, Selden T. Scranton, who then resided at Oxford Furnace, New Jersey, he communicated these facts to him, urging him to come forward himself or induce his friends to do so, and assume, at least, so far as the purchase and payment were concerned, the place of Mr. Armstrong. At a public meeting held at Stanhope, in the memorable year of coon-skins. Col. George W. Scranton learned from his brother Selden, the nature of the contemplated purchase. It was at once determined by them to go to the Lackawanna Yalley with Mr. Henry, and if upon a personal examin- ation of the property it should be found as promising and valuable as represented, they then would assist in carrying out the purchase agreement previoush' made by Mr. Henry. Mr. Sanford Grant, then residing at Belvidere, was solicited to accompany the exploring party, and join in the proposed purchase.

On the morning of the 17th of August, 1840, the Messrs. Scranton and Grant left Belvidere, and being joined at Stroudsburg by Mr. Henry, proceeded to Slocum Hollow. It was then two days' journey from this point to the valley, over the old Drinker turnpike, which laj^ ever the swamps and jungles of the Pocono ; where nature seems to have concentrated all that is barren, gloomy, and savage. The passer who has escaped with his life over the rude hospitalities of this turnpike, knows that the whole scenery from the Delaware to "The Hollow" (now Scranton), consisted of nothing but mountains undulating far and wide with forests, with no green acres intervening, and save the whir of the pheasant, animating some sunny nook, or the music of the trout-brooks, enlivening many a glen by their cheerful presence, all was solitude and silence.

Hardly a cabin or a sign of love and life appeared anywhere along this lonely road. The first night was spent in Covington, where a little round sign, creaking from a post standing almost in the road, announced that " man and beast " were entertained. The next noon the party reach- ed Slocum Hollow, drove into the woods and tied their horses to a tree, where now stands the residence of Mr. James Archbald, known through, out the country as a gentleman of marked ability and experience, esteemed by all, and especially by the whole mining population, whose interests and welfare he has shown himself anxious on all occasions to promote. Mr. Archbald came to Scranton in 1855, and has been connected with the D. L. & "W. Railroad Co., in a prominent position ever since. He is now President of the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad Co.

From the point where the party alighted, they wound their way among

HISTORY OK SCRANTON'. 15

the slim pines and undergrowth of hiurel and saplings, down the ^tee]) east bank of the Koaring Broi^k, to the large vein of coal then jjronii- nently exposed to view, and since opened and worked. Xone of the jiarty, except ilr. Henry, had ever se<^n a coal vein before. Among the brush and leaves, the pick previously concealed by 3Ir. Henry was exhumed, by the aid of which, large pieces of coal and iron-ore balls Ij'ing in the vicinity were dug up. After making a careful examination of the fine water power then murmuring sweetly and idly through the pr(jperty, they drove over to Hyde Park, having been nearly half a day surveying tlie uniiruned premises without seeing or being seen by a single person.

A single saw-mill, with its clattering saw, and two small wooden dwell- ing houses, were all the evidence upon this property that it had' passed from the Indian to the white man. Immediately below and adjoining, lay the debris of the old Slocum forge, near which now stood the grist mill, two dwellings owned by Barton ^Mott, then living here, and the next below was the large red stone house and barn of Samuel Slocum, which yet remain, the landmarks of other days; and a little school-liDUse in u.-e but a few years since, made complete the town of Slocum Hollow, in 1840.

Mr. Hitchcock lived in the liou.-e now occupied by Charles F. ^lattes, which was then considered a good way out of town.

Harsh as the features of the valley seemed, and particularly of tlie chosen portion of it, it was concluded to purchase, and on the following day, the parties with whom Mr. Henry had negotiated accepted the re- newed proposition, and the titles were executed. The parties on their return honie, ria Wilkes Barre, discussed various plans for an organiza- tion preparatory to commencing operations. Mr. Henrj^ submitted a plan and an estimate for a blast furnace, with sufficient houses to accommodate the necessary workmen.

The Company novv- consisted of four persons, viz : S. T. & G. W. Scranton, S. Grant, and W. Henry. It was decided to unite P. H. Mattes with the enterprise. He examined the purchase and became a partner, when the Company was immediately organized under the firm of Scrantons, Grant «& Co.

On the 11th of September, 1840, the first day's work for this Company was done hereupon the furnace by Mr. Simon Ward, under the direction and superintendence of Mr. Henry, who had moved his family from Stroudsburg to the house now occupied by Henry Fellows, in Hyde Park.

Hyde Park contained at this time one store, one tavern, and six or eight dwellings; Providence ( t\\Qn RazorviUe) , some ten or twelve, while Dun- more [alias the Corners or Bucktown), simjily four brown unpaiiited buildings.

Xew men naturally introduced new names into a region which was found so silent and drowsy among the pines. At first it was the simj)!!! sweet-sounding Capouse, replete with Indian song and legend. Hardly

\

16 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

had the Slocums destroyed the balance between the savage and civilized life by the erection of their structures upon the banks of the brook, before "Deep Hollow," or " Slocum Hollow," became a place famous for its good whisky. In fact, it retained this name from 1798 until 1840, when "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" were sweeping like an avalanche towards the White House, and then Mr. Henry gave to the new work and the location the name of Harrison. This name lost caste after eight or ten years, and Scrantonia was now substituted as being more appropriate. Shortly afterwards the name of Scranton was given to it - a name probabh" good enough, but how much more beautiful and musical would have been its primitive one. Gapouse, or Lee-haw-hanna, or even Nay-aug, the Indian name for Eoaring Brook ? Providence, too, has run through the curious and purifying nomenclature of names. After the jurisdiction of Connecticut had departed from the Yankee town and county of Westmoreland (now Luzerne county, &c.,) Providence was called Jamestoiun ; when the "Drinker turnpike" was completed and brought, or was expected to bring, this portion of the county exactly in the center of the world, it was called Centrcville, and when a Jerseyraan could not exchange 'h.ii pewter sixpence which he had long carried for some of the inspiring rye, he wet his whistle indignantly with cold water, turned his back to the offending town, which he called " Razorville," - a name so full of meaning, that for many years afterwards it was re- tained among Jerseymen. It finally returned to its first love - Provi- dence. But -we digress.

While a few tenant-houses and the furnace were being erected, the new county measure and the Canal project up the Lackawanna - two strangu- lated twin children - began to excite a deeper interest. Already had a law been passed, authorizing the feeder dam to be located at the falls on said river, but as nothing yet had been done towards its construction, hopes were entertained by the sanguine of having the northern terminus of the canal at or near the embryo town of Harrison. For the purpose of raising funds to defray the expenses of some individual to go to Har- risburg and advocate the proposed measure, a subscription was raised in January, 1841. The new company, through Mr. Henry, paid $5; Samuel Slocum and IJarton Mott $5 each ; John Sax and S. P. Templin, fifty cents each ; to make up the $25, Mr. Henry paid $4. For this thankless outside mission, a person whose ingenious persuasions it was supposed none could gainsay or resist was selected, and although he drew up several Bills favorable to the valley, and strenuously urged their adoption, the Canal Board, the Legislature, and even the Governor him- self, after looking upon the measure with apparent approbation, averted their kindness and both fell into a common grave.

During this winter considerable progress was made on the furnace, and a small store-house, office, and dwelling, all under one roof, were erected. This building, after being enlarged, was subsequently known as Kressler's

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 17

Hotel. It is now torn down to make room for the imposing works con- nected with the manufacture of iron. In the spring of 18-11, Mr. Grant, with his family, came here, and the store of the Company, then opened, was conducted under his management for several years. Mr. Charles F. Mattes, son of P. H. 3Iattes, and representing his fiither's interest in. the concern, also came here about this time, and from the time the first fur- nace was put in blast has been actively engaged at the head of some one of the departments ; at this time he is the manager of all the company's blast furnaces.

Iron was first made with anthracite coal about the 3-ear 1836 in Wales ; in 1837 the idea of using anthracite for smelting iron ore began to be agi- tated in the United States, and but few thought it would succeed, although bituminous coal had thus been emploj-ed about one hundred years before in England. Experiments made in 1837 and 1838 proved such failures that those who had witnessed the phenomena saw nothing to hope for in the final result but associations of loss and defeated expectations. The first successful experiment was at the Crane Iron Works, on the Lehigh , and the next at Danville.

The furnace being erected at Harrison was to be adapted to the use of anthracite. It was contemplated from the first to use the iron ore com- monly called ball ore, lying adjacent to one of the veins of coal running through the whole coal region, but it was found to be too expensive to mine. Fortunately for the company, in the spring of 1811 a large, rich body of iron ore was discovered on the southern slope of the Moosic Moun- tain, about three miles from the furnace, which was purchased ; but in order to get the ore to the brook at Harrison, nearly four thousand acres of intervening land had to be secured, thus subjecting the Company to an investment not contemplated nor provided for in the original outline and estimate. This unavoidable yet unforeseen outlay, together with the in- creased cost of the iron works, which were now ready to go into operation, and the cost of a new and expensive railroad built to these iron deposits in the mountain, three and a half miles distant, and the mining houses, etc., exhausted the capital, and left, at the outset, upon the Company an oppressive debt.

In the fall of 1841, Col. G-eorge W. Scranton became a temporary res- ident of Harrison, and at once an energetic associate with Mr. Henry in the superintendence of the affairs and interests of the Company, just as the furnace was ready to be put in blast. The first attempt to start it was made by Mr. Templin. the head founder, but the stack was nev/ and wet, so the experiment failed. The next attempt was made by Mr. Clark, of Stanhope, New Jersey, and this, too, failed to produce the desired result. Alterations in the machinery and in the hot-air ovens were made, and the services of Mr. John F. Davis, a practical workman and the])resent head founder, being procured, the furnaces were successfully blowcd in Decem- ber, 1841.

18 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

During the period of these disheartening attempts to start the furnace, which occupied some three months, it began to be generally feared and predicted in the neighborhood that the thing was a failure, if not actually a ^'- Jersey Hmnhug r^ but when the great obstacles were overcome, and the massive walls of the furnace yielded from the reddened crater great rolls and bars of iron, light broke in on the gathering cloud, and there was genuine rejoicing among the inhabitants of the valley, as well as among the Proprietors themselves, who now looked forward with cheer- fulness to the time when their united and untiring duties would be appreci- ated and rewarded. For several months the operations of the furnace were satisfactory, and although the quantity of iron made was less than had been expected, its quality for foundry purposes was fair and for bar iron superior. In the following spring, some alterations and improve- ments were made in the machinery.

At this time the only market to any extent for the product of the fur- nace was on the sea-board. To this, the Company had the choice, or rather the necessity, of only two routes, which were both hard, slow, and expensive, viz : one by the Delaware and Hudson Canal, and the other by the North J5ranch Canal to Havre-de-Grace. In either case the iron was compelled to be drawn upon wagons. To the canal at Pittston it was seven miles, and to Carbondale, then the western terminus of the rail- road running to Honesdale, fifteen miles. The first year's product was shipped to New York and Boston, via Havre-de-Grace, at a time when great commercial embarrassment was pervading the whole Union, and threatening to annihilate manufacturing interests all over the country. - Iron had fallen in price since the commencement of the furnace forty pev cent., and in fact the demand for it soon became so small that it could not be sold at any price.

This was not without its influence, even upon a company so sanguine and tireless as this, and had they not beon temporarily relieved from the financial difliculty at this time, by a loan made to them by Mr. Joseph H. Scranton and E. C. Scranton* then of Augusta, Georgia, it is ditScult to conceive, at this period, the disasters which, after accumulating, might have swept away this struggling company, and left the Lackawanna Valley en- joying its slumber and vision of idleness for at least half a century to come.

The enterprise, so far, had been a losing one, and it soon became appa- rent that making and selling pig-iron alone would always make It so. All of the company were disheartened, as they were out of money - out of credit - out of everything, and their notes could hardly be sold at forty per cent, discount. Even Col. Scranton himself, with his naturally con- dent temperament, began to despair. Mr. S. T. Scranton was sent to New York to negotiate for funds, and the eifective influence of his pecu- i ar address was illustrated in the result of his mission. The very first

* Killed at New Ilaveu, Ct., Dec. 29, 1866, by the cars.

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 19

man he called upon was John H. Howland, who at once advanced the Scranton Company $20,000, and his son John subsequently became a part- ner in the concern and furnished additional capital. It was now conclu- ded to make iron into burs and nails, thus giving it increased value, with twenty-five per cent, less tonnage to transport to market. To secure the largest advantage from the location in the coal-basin, where coal was cheap, this plan was adopted, and by the assistance of Mr. Howland be- gan to mature. During this year (1843) the first rolling mill and nail fac- tory were commenced, on the northern border of the brook, where it first came through the mountain rock into the Valley. In February, 1844, the mill was completed, and the nail factory a few months afterwards ; both working to the fullest anticipations. Additional business rendered necessary additional houses for emploj'ees, and this called for more capital than it was at first supposed would be required. In March, 1844, Mr. S. T. Scranton removed frona Oxford Furnace, New Jersey, and settled at the " Lackawanna Iron "Works," in Harrison, whore he assumed the position occupied by his brother George, who in return took the place just vacated at Oxford Furnace by Selden. For the next two j-ears the business of the company at Harrison was under the immediate supervision of Mr. Grant.

The plan of the village of Harrison was laid in April, 1841, by Cap- tain James Stott, of Carbondale, on a very small scale ; however, it be- gan to grow with great rapidity. Starting from nothing as it did, some of the surrounding villages of a dozen houses feared it might at some dis- tant day equal or perhaps rival theirs ! During this year an attempt was made by Dr. B. H. Throop and others to get a Post Office established here. There were at this time but two offices in the. Township of Provi- dence (now there are four) and letters reached this new company only through the Hyde Park or Providence office. As the application met with opposition from the two named places, and as the Department at "Washington saw no necessity for locating an office within half a mile of the old one, at a point, too, so obscure that the Hyde Park office, a number of years before, while Slocum was Postmaster, was removed from it, the measure was easily defeated.

Joseph and Samuel Slocum, Col. Geo. W. Scranton, "Wm. Henry, Bar- ton Mott, Sanford Grant, Ebenezer Hitchcock and his sons, Chas. F* Mattes, John F. Davis, John "W. Moore, Mr. Kressler, Simeon "Wjird, S. P. Tremlin, Abram Polhemas, and Martin L. Newman, made up the greater portion of the male population of Harrison in 1841, which was doubled the next year by new comers employed by the Lackawanna Iron Co., in one capacity or another. Dr. Gideon Underwood, now of Pitts- ton, was the first Physician locating in Harrison. This was in 1845, but his practice brought him so bare a sustenance that he abandoned this place the next year and removed to Northtnoreland, on the Susquelianna where he succeeded well, as he was competent and every way a gentleman. Dr. B. H. Throop, standing prominently befere the country as the Doctor,

20 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

settled in Harrison in 1847. The next j'ear Dr. W. H. Pier, present P. M. of Scranton, came here, and with the exception of being absent three years in Wilkes-Barre, filling the office of Prothonotary, he has resided in Scranton ever since, enjoying the confidence of his friends in an eminent degree.

In 1849, Dr. John B. Sherrerd, son of Judge Sherrerd, of Belvidere, N. J., began professional life in Scranton, opening, in connection with Dr. Throop, the first drug store in the town. Two years later, Laton S. and Edward C. Fuller purchased the drug interest of Drs. Throop & Sherrerd, and these gentlemen, seventeen years ago commencing business-life here, have by sterling integrity and attention to business not only built up an enviable reputation, but acquired a comparative competency.

Eailroads - those great blood-vessels now pulsating with long, living, snaky trains, in almost every portion of the Union - had begun to awaken unusual attention through the country. Tliis naturally introduced among iron-men the subject of making railroad iron. The English iron-masters across the water had predicted that this was a branch of trade that their ambitious simple Brother Jonatlian would never blunder into ; conse- quently, the monopoly of making the heavy T rail could never pass from their hands. How thoroughly this illusion has been dispelled, let the thousands of miles of railroads laid with this superior kind of rail bear evidence.

The T rail was first made in the United States in 1845. The same year, the Scranton Company, after a little deliberation, decided to add this more profitable branch of trade to their business. ^

A happy circumstance now threw upon the Company a glimpse of sunnier days. The New York and Erie Kailroad - that grand aot^ta which now traverses southern New York, and over a mere corner of the "/le?/ Stone " state, and from which is stolen by this state $10,000 per year, for the simple privilege of crossing its before useless, inhospita- ble border - was at this time in operation no farther than Goshen, as tha Company was environed with difficulties, and as a matter of policy surrendered the whole concern to new and strong-headed men soon afterwards, who at once took hold of this magnificent enterprise, deter- mined to push it with vigor to Lake Erie, its western terminus. English iron, which this road, so far as completed, was laid with, cost the Kailroad Company $80 per ton. It was believed by the Scranton Company that good T rails could be furnished the Erie Railroad Company, especially on the Delaware and Susquehanna Divisions, on terms more advanta- geous to the interests of the road than it had before enjoyed.

Mr. Joseph H. Scranton, in 1845, purchased the entire interest in the concern of Mr. Grant, who retired from a position subsequently filled by Mr. J. C. Piatt, who became a partner the next j'ear, and although the firm has been changed several times, and gradually enlarged its borders by the purchase of real estate, and by continuous enlargement and improve-

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 21

mcnt around thcra, he has ever held the same satisfactory rehition to the place.

During the year 1845, a newspaper called the Conidij Mirror wa § started in Providence ( now the 1st and 2nd Wards, Scranton,) by the late Franklin B. "Woodward. Harrison at this time had made so humble pretensions that but a single advertisement from the village found its way into this liveh' paper. In 1852 the Lackawanna Herald, a paper of more partizan bitterness than real ability, was issued in Scranton by Charles E Lathrop. Three years later the Spirit of the Valley was published by Thomas J. AUeger and J. B. Adams for one year, when the two were consolidated under the name of the Herald of the Union, purchased and edited by the late Ezra B. Chase, - a gentleman of superior literary attainments. Declining health induced him soon after to sell out to Dr. A. Davis and J. B. Adams. In the spring of 1859 Dr. Davis purchased the interest of 3Ir. Adams, transferring it to Dr. Silas M. Wheeler, and the paper was managed by these medical gentlemen with a degree of origin- ality and spiciness rarely seen in a country newspaper. Dr. Davis at that time moved into Scranton, building the first house erected on Franklin avenue, and now occupied by Dr. G. W. Masser. This paper finally subsided into the Scranton Register, now owned and edited by 3Iayor E. S. M. Hill. ,

Theodore Smith established the Scrdion Republican, in 1856, conduct- ing itin a highly creditable manner for two years, when F. A. McCartney became the proprietor. After being owned by Thos. J. Alleger, and conducted fairly and honorably, it passed into the hands of F. A. Crandali, ihen again into those of F. A. Crandali & Co., the present energetic and spirited owners. The Scranton City Journal came forth from the hands of Messrs. Benedicts in 1867, and from the acknowledged industry and qualifications of these gentlemen the new paper can hardh' fail to thrive. The above named are and were all weekly publications. One or two dailies and tri-weeklies have been born and buried within that period ; some of them, especially the Morning Herald, a daily published in 1866 by J. B. Adams, evidenced considerable merit, but none exhibiting the substantial^^ros/jeri^?/ shown by the Scranton Daily Register, now published in Scranton by E. S. M. Hill, Esq.

In addition to the foregoing, a German paper called tlie Scranton Wochenblatt was started January, 1865, by E. A. Ludwig. It is now edited and published by F. Wagner. Its appearance indicates permanent success.

The year 1846 was one of the most important ones in the history of Harrison; Col. George W. Scranton, having returned to the works to re- side permanently, at this time negotiated, by the assistance of his brothers, J. H. and S. T. Scranton, a contract with the Erie Railroad Company for 12,000 tons of iron rail, to weigh fifty-eight pounds to the yard ; to be made and delivered at the mouth of the Lackawaxen, in Pike County,

22 SCKANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

during the years of 1847-8, at $70 per ton. To estimate rightly which of the contracting parties gained the most by this arrangement, is now im- possible. Mr. Loder, President of the Erie Company at this time, stated in a public speech at the opening of the Northern Division of the Dela- ware, Lackawanna, and Western Kailroad, that had it not been for this contract, and its prompt fulfillment, the road could not have been opened at the time specified to Binghamton, as the Erie Kailroad Company must have failed or suspended. To the Scranton Company it was everything. Those even who knew, in spite of all the close economy and foresight with which the affairs of this Company were conducted, how fearfully it was involved, can hardly appreciate the invigorating influence this large sale of iron infused into the Proprietors.

To fulfill this heavy agreement required mills and machinery of a cor- responding character. Not only had these to be erected, but the essential wherewith to be obtained.

Several wealthy gentlemen, warm friends of the Erie Koad, promptly came forward, and on the simple obligations of the Messrs. Scranton alone, with no security, loaned them $100,000 to construct the works and procure the necessary machinery, so that the contract could be carried out. Extraordinary activity was now displayed in Harrison, in every depart- ment of business, the active management of which passed into the hands of Mr. Joseph H. Scranton, who came here to reside in 1847. Up to this time the means of transportation to market of the now largely increased annual product of iron remained as difficult as at the commencement, with the exception of the extension of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's Kailroad from Carbondale to Archbald, which reduced the distance of hauling by team to nine miles ; the iron ore was carted a distance of three miles and a half from the mines, and as the production of the blast furnace was not equal to the wants and capacity of the mill, pio--iron in large quantities was purchased and brought up the canal from Columbia County.

About five miles up the valley from Scranton lives an eccentric but worthy old gentleman, named James Anderson, who moved into Blakely in 1825 and who owns the land from which stone coal was first taken to market from Lackawanna Valley, in 1814. His farm abounds in iron ore of great richnesj, some two hundred tons of which was used by the Scran- ton Company in 1844, and about the same quantity during the last win- ter. His son Allen, with a pair of steers, drew the first load of stone for the original Furnace of this company.

The lime stone and pig-iron purchased at Danville, were drawn from the canal at Pittston, seven miles, and the Kailroad iron (which had become the principal product of the works, as the manufacture of nails had ceased), was drawn to Archbald upon heavy wagons, a distance of nine miles from Harrison, requiring the use of over four hundred horses and mules. In fact, during the summer months so slow and difficult was the

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 23

transportation of the iron "by their own force, that all the horses belong- ing to the farmers in the Township of Providence and Blakely that could be were engaged by this Company to assist in delivering it to the indica- ted points by the time appointed.

Two large blast furnaces were now in course of construction, as well as a railroad to their ore mines on the mountain. To make the grade of this road so that the cars could be drawn up by mules to the mines, and when loaded return to the furnace bj- the power of gravity, live and a half miles of road were rendered necessary. This, however, dispensed with nearly all the team power, heretofore essential in delivering the raw ma- terial.

The Company had, previous to this, organized under the General Part- nership law. 3Iessrs. George W. Scranton, Seldcn T. Scranton, Joseph H. Scranton, and J. C. ?*latt being the general partners, and sev- eral well known wealthy gentlemen of New York being special ones. With this change, the capital of the Company was largely increased.

On the south side of the Roaring Brook some three hundred houses for the workmen had been built by the Company, while the only building, up to this time, aside from those of the Company, put up on the other, was one b}' Dr. Throop, for his brother, and novv' occupied by Mr. Albright. The doctor at this time resided in Providence, but as there was no Physi- cian at Harrison (now there are just twenty at this point, of every varie- ty, size, and calibre,) he removed here, and among the shady pines which gave a fresh and tranquil air to the old road leading from the " Hollow " to "Razorville," he built his cottage home. Here, retired in a spot too lonely to tempt hither the indolent, with no house in sight but his own, he lived many years, where, after the exhausting and often thankless du- ties of his daily professional drives he enjoyed the cheerful fireside and smoked his pipe in peace, unless disturbed by the clear, deep throated ho- loonk-blonk of the frogs holding their nightly carnival in the neighboring pond. This cottage is yet in good condition, and is now used as a dwelling and a store, surrounded bj'' large blocks of brick stores and hotels, and immediately under the towering spire of the Presbyterian Church. Every one acquainted with the Doctor's inimitable love of social enjoy- ment and the merrj' life of a country village, were astonished that he should " seek a lodge in some vast wilderness " like this.

Up to this recent period, from the time railroad iron was first made here, the Companj- labored under everj- disheartening influence, and ele- ments, the secrets of which were only known and felt by themselves. To carry out the great programme which they had undertaken, with the lim- ited capital at command, required exertions almost superhuman. Extra work, additional machinery, and various and expensive materials, called constantly for more money and labor. Large iron contrivances, which were essential to the works, had to be carted by the stubborn mule, or the jaded horse, about sixty or seventy miles, over roads leading over moun-

24 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

tain covered with a growth of hemlock and spruce as black as night. Teams consisting of eight mules were used for this service - a service so vexatious and wearisome, and so apt to derange the patience of the driver, that it was often impossible to get willing and competent ones anywhere. When it was thought such were obtained, the Company found it necessary to contract with the keepers of the small taverns along the road to furnish meals for their drivers and feed for their teams and forward their bills each month to the office for payment. It was especially provided that no liquor should be furnished them or paid for on cmi/ terms ; but some of the men, in common parlance, would " whip the devil round the stump," and bring in bills with " sixteen glasses of leining ayde " - a very poetic drink - " at sixpence a glass, and one pint of whisky" - probably for a cooling lotion for the mules' backs. These bills came from places where a lemon had never been seen or heard of before.

The business of the Company, so broad, so vast, so comprehensive in its character and so beneficial in its influence, aiforded throughout th e countrj', and the Lackawanna valley, where its benefits were more es- pecially felt, a theme for great congratulation. To see a town emerge from the unyielding surface with a growth marvellous as tropical life into a maze of foundries, furnaces, manufacturing works, and dwellings, was an occurrence so rare as to cause no little astonishment and pride among those accustomed to the slow accretions to the valley before. The rise in real estate along the Lackawanna valley since the organization of this Company was at least one hundred per cent, while the relations of the Messrs. Scrauton with the public were harmonious, and character- ized throughout by general good feeling.

AVe say general. There were then, as there are yet, and as there always will be, a debilitated and croaking class of persons, who by some hidden process manage to keep a little animation in their useless bodies, who gathered in bar-room corners, and who, with a peculiar wisdom belonging to this class while discussing weighty matters, gravely predicted that " the Scrantons must fail."

A line of four-horse stages ran tlirough the valley, on the western side of the Lackawanna, from "VVilkes-Barre to Carbondale, connecting at each place with a similar line, via Milford and Morristown to New York, and via Easton to Philadelphia, and furnished the only mode of convey- ance to or from the Lackawanna valley, and brought New York daily papers to Providence and Hyde Park (where all the mail matter for Harrison was received) on the morning of the third day after publication*

The mills were completed, and as they began to convert the hills into railroad iron, the last lingerer among the dark clouds moved off from the Lackawanna Iron Company. The first fifteen hundred tons of rail- road iron that was made on the 12,000 tons contract was delivered at the mouth of the Lackawaxen. Here it was taken by canal to Port Jervis, and laid on the road between that place and Otisville. After that portion of

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 25

the Eric Railroad was opened for use, the Company, having been so long delayed by injunctions and the want of the piratical legislation to cross the river into Penns3-lvania at the Glass House Rocks that they found they were certain to be defeated in opening their road to Binghamton by the time they had specified unless they could get the Scranton Company to deliver the balance of the iron on the line of the railroad at different points along the Delaware river, arranged terms of delivery in pursuance 'of which the Scranton Company carted by teams about seven thousand tons of iron and delivered it at Big Eddy (Narrowsburgh,) Cochecton, Equinunk, Stockport, Summit, and Lanesboro, an average distance of about fifty miles, thus enabling the Company to lay the track at all points along the Delaware Division as fast as the grading was ready, and upon the road for one hundred and thirty miles at once - four days ahead of the time appointed. The difficult}' of carting so large an amount of iron in so short a time can be inferred by those familiar with the moun- tainous roads and the wilderness intervening.

Another effort was now made to get a Post Office established at Harri- son, and was, by the assistance of the late Chester Butler (then a member of Congress), successful; he at the time giving the name of Scrantonia to the village of Harrison. This was in 1848, and John W. Moore, yet residing in Scranton, received the appointment of Postmaster. The same Office, now but nineteen years of age, is the largest in Northern Pennsylvania. The same year Scrantonia was divested of its superfluous appendage, when " Capouse," "Slocum Hollow," "Harrison," " Lacka- wanna Iron Works," " Scrantonia," were all laid aside for the name of

SCRAXTOX.

The rapid expansion and concentration of business at this point, as well as the absence of all necessary communications with the sea-board and the lakes, rendered an outlet east or west most apparent and desirable. The project of connecting the valley by railroad with the New York and Erie Road in a northerly direction was frequently discussed by the general partners ; in fact, it was the sanguine expectations of a line of public improvement being extended both north and south at no distant day, that went far towards deciding the original proprietors in locating here.

With a view of bringing the subject of Railroad facilities, and con- nections with the valley generally, before the minds of capitalists in a manner both advantageous and effective. Col. George W. Scranton was detailed from the active engiigement of the affairs of the Iron Company in the summer of 1848.

Valuable coal lands had been secured as a reliable basis of such an enterprise ; large delegations of New York and New England gentlemen were persuaded from time to time to visit the valley, and examine the vast mineral resources apparent along its border, and witness the dark croppings of coal, the fertile farms and luxurious intervale, the abundant

26 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

water-pov/er for mills for manufacturing purposes, the splendid sites and the fine timber ; all of which, the moment a railroad outlet appeared, would be trebled in value. By many the valley was considered too wild and remote, or too difiicult of access, even for an exploring tour. Such never left the parental roof, and it was left for bolder hearts and stouter arms to plant and reap the harvest. An extra stage coach, with its five miles an hour speed, now and then brought into the valley delegation after delegation from the east, which were hailed with friendly solicitude by the inhabitants. Often and always was the enquiry heard of that firm friend of the public interest, Sam Tripp, " When the J^or^ers were coming?" All eyes for a time were directed towards the local movements of the Yorkers, and the hope of every honest citizen then as well as now was, that long life and prosperity would be the fortune of all who came.

The subject of connecting the Susquehanna Kiver, at Pittston, with the Delaware Water Gap, was a favorite idea with the late Henry W. Drinker " as early as 1819, long before his vigorous mind comprehended how much more formidable a railroad project would prove than the turn- pikes his energy was about directing through the trackless forests. In 1826 he obtained a charter for this road : six years later, the first instru- mental survey of the contemplated route was made by Captain Beach, who was employed and principally paid by John Jordan, Junr., H. W. Drinker, and William Henry, the last two of whom became intimately associated in the enterprise. They spent years of exhausting toil, and largely of their means, to infuse living functions into this highwaj' ; but, wisely as the plan seemed to have been conceived, it failed entirely in its gestation. Time, however - the great administrator of events - has shown that not only was their judgment correct, but greatly in advance of the age in regard to this projected road.

This line was run with a view of inclined planes, operated by water power, and perhaps a canal a portion of the way. The " head-waters of the river Lehigh and its tributary stream," was prohibited from being used for feeding the canal, as it might " injure the navigation of said river."

Another charter, known as the " Leggit's Gap," had been obtained simultaneously with this survey of the " Drinker Eoad. " It authorized the construction of an inclined plane railroad, from some point near Cobb's Gap to the State of New York in a northwesterly direction. Both these charters, kept alive by supplementary acts, were found to be too defective for practical purposes. Upon one, as appears by Driiilcer's Eail- road survej' and report, 1824, the u^e of horse power between the planes, to draw the cars, was contemplated by the original projectors of the road, while the other provided that toll-houses were to be establish^.'J along the line, and collectors appointed, and that the drivers or condactors of '- such

* Died Octolier 13tli, 1860.

HISTORY OF SCRAXTOK. 27

wagon, carriage, or conveyance, boat or raft, were to give the collectors notice of their approach to said toll-houses, by blowing a trumpet or horn." These and many other singular features were afterwards replaced by those more in harmony with the times.

The Leggit's Gap (afterwards Lackawanna and Western Kailroad) was consolidated with the Delaware and Cobb's Gap Charter, under the name of Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western. The old Drinker Charter was never used. The Company goneroush' paid to all the diiferent parties who had assisted in obtaining the several charters and making the origi- nal surveys, over seven thousand dollars, although not legally bound to pay a farthing.

Up to 18-17 no car had rolled, nor had a single rail been laid, along the Lackawanna, with the exception of those upon the railroad from Carbon- dale to Honcsdale. This road, too, was a gravity one, worked by station- ary steam engines and horse power over the Moosic Mountain, and was one of the first railroads built in the State of Pennsylvania.

The honor of the inception as well as the completion of a locomotive engine road from Great Bend to the Delaware Water Gap, belongs justly to the late Chi. George W. Scranton. Mountainous as were the general features of the country through which it had to pass, and formidable as appeared tlTe idea to many of his associates around him, of attempting to girdle mountains defying combat, or spanning streams and vallej's in their solitude, he nevertheless advocated and clung to the object of his sanguine hope as the parent clings to his idolized child. At his own sug- gestion, and under his immediate direction, the preliminary surveys were made upon the route by Major Morrell, assisted by the late Jas. Seymour and E. McNeill, since chief engineer of the whole line. The route was foirtid quite as feasible as Col. Scranton had supposed from his own per- sonal observations, and as the charter of the " Leggit's Gap Railroad " was found suitable for all practical purposes, after a little alteration, it was purchased.

To inspire general confidence in an undertaking which, when completed, would not only make Scranton more prosperous and permanent in its growth, but revolutionize a valley so long buried in its slumber, a bold move was made. The books of subscription were opened at Kresler's Hotel in Scranton, in 1847, by the commissioners, and the whole stock sub- scribed, and ten per cent, paid in. While these flattering movements were not without some good eflect, it was the work of more than two years' ceaseless labor, amidst every possible discouragement, before any real capital could be calculated upon. As this road was to lead to the Erie Railroad, instead of the Erie Canal, it was thought by many moneyed men that the coal market, for a while, would be so limited, that no in- vestment would pay. This road was commenced in 1850. To overcome this objection, as far as possible, and reach and make a more northern market, (for the first loads of coal taken hence were given away, in order

28 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

to introduce the black stuff into general use,) the Itha<?a and Owego Eailroad, one of the oldest roads in the country, was purchased by the Iron Company and their associates, in 1849. This old road, like all rail- roads in the United States, was laid with the flat or strap rail - a rail pos- sessing noither strength nor safety, as one end of it sometimes becoming bent, would dart with the rapidity of lightning with its "snake head" into the passing train, marking its red progress with appalling slaughter upon the living and the loved.

A new company being now organized, called the Cayuga and Susque- hanna Eailroad Company, for the purpose of building this road, Col. G. W. Scranton, was chosen President, who at once repaired to Ithaca to engage in his active duties, which were discharged with the happiest ability and success.

To carry out the original plan contemplated by the Colonel, of connect- ing the Iron works with New York City, a survey vras made in 1851-2 for the eastward outlet, and in 18-53 the present line adopted. While this new absorbing project was taking shape and being, the business of the Scranton Company was still enlarging. The Iron Company organized this year under a special charter, with a capital of $800,000, and Selden T. Scranton elected President and Joseph H. Scranton Superintendent ; the latter - a gentleman to whom the prosperity of the Lackawanna Val- ley is greatly indebted - is now, as he has been for j'ears, the able Manager and President of this immense companJ^

After the Lackawanna and Western Railroad was consolidated with the Delaware and Cobb's G-ap charter, under the name of the " Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad Company," work was commenced vigorously on the southern division of this road. On the 21st of January, 1856, the first locomotive and train of cars passed over the Delaware.*

Rapid as has been the sympathetic growth of Carbondale, Archbald, Jessup, Dunmore, Providence, Hyde Park, and Olyphant,' theirs has been a snail's pace compared to the stronger development of vSeranton. In July, 1840, tv/enty-seven years ago. Jive brown dwellings made up the complete town at " The Holler," where what is now the city of Scranton, founded on the broad basis of manufacturing industrj^ stands, and con- tains a population of foi'ty-five thousand.

The stranger who visits Scranton may not find as much wildness and sublimity around it as when, from the Pocono range, his eye first catches a glimpse of the truly bold outlines of the Delaware Water Gap, he will nevertheless, as he walks along the walls of Roaring Brook, and gazes on t!'-e massive piles of furnace stacks, pouring out, day after day, ponds of rude or finished iron, from the ponderous bar to the delicate bolt, and sees the smooth yet resistless motion of the largest stationary engine on the American Continent, feel proud and pleased with the sights of indus- try and thrift everywhere around him.

To get and appreciate a bird's eye view of the town and valley, let the

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 29

tourist ascend the high bluff near the Baptist Church in Hyde Park, overlooking the city, where the charming panorama that unrolls itself be- fore him, will compensate in the highest degree for the trouble of the visit. He will then look down into a region interesting for its scenery, its strata of coal, its beds of iron ore, and its Indian History. The first impression is one favorable towards this portion of the valley, as there appears on every side evidence of animation and thrift.

Yonder the noiay water of the red man, (Koaring Brook,) linked to- gether by a long line of falls or rapids, takes a white leap from one of the loveliest and loneliest nooks carved from the mountain, before it splashes on the busy wheel of the manufacturer, and after being used three or four times in its passage through the city, mingles with the waters of the Lack- awanna below. The huge, round, slate-roofed locomotive depot, filled with engines, at first strikes the eye, and reminds him of the Roman Colliseum, while the landscape, sprinkled with brown colored depots, car shops, and Vulcan-shops on every side ; the chaste, imposing churches, the long, white line of public and private architecture contrasting finely with the deep green of the surrounding trees, tastily left for shade ; the trains of coal cars, serpentine and dark, emerging from the "Diamond Mines," or skimming along the iron veins, down a grade of seventy feet to the mile, from the productive coal works at the "Notch," some two miles distant, on their passage to New York ; the locomotive, with its nightingale song and vaporj' breath, rushing along the western side of the Lackawanna, from the Wyoming Valley, over the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Eail- road, which terminates at Scranton ; the villages of Hyde Park, Provi- dence, Dunmore, and half a dozen youthful attempts, arrayed in thrifty garb, far up and down the valley ; the Lee-haw-hanna, with its modest throat and richer shade drawn like a gleaming belt of silver along the picture ; the neat farm houses, here and there nestling in some lovely meadow, or half hid among the blossoms of orchards, with the back- ground of the unshorn mountain, swelling upwards from Wyoming or the Lackawanna region, all make up a sight as beautiful as the Jewish ruler of old once witnessed from old ilouut Nebo. Nor is this all. As he looks into the bosom of " Capouse Meadow," his eye wanders over coal lands which, fifteen jears before the completion of a railroad outlet north from the valley, could have been purchased for fifteen dollars per acre, and which now are worth $800 and $1000 ; and building-lots which then no respectable man was willing to accept as a gratuity, noAV rcaiily bring from one to five thousand dollars.

The growth of Scranton has been marked by uniform decades.

In 1826, the Drinker Railroad wrought consternation among the pines of this secluded glen ; in 1836 the same measure, combined with the North Jiranch Canal and new county schemes, again awakened hopes partially fulfilled. In 1846, sales of iron made by the Scranton Co. enabled them to defy threatened bankruptcy ; in 1856, the first locomotive engine rolled

30 SCKANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

from Scranton, just formed into a Borough, to the Delaware river ; in 1866, incorporated into a City ; and in 1876, all the townships in northern and central Luzerne will probaoly take their places in the new County of Lackawanna, with the County Seat at Scranton. In 1866, Scranton, Hyde Park, and Providence, were fashioned by the Legislature of Pa. into a City composed of twelve Wards, with all municipal rights and regulations necessary for its existence. E. S. M. Hill, Esq., was elected the first Mayor. The number of taxables on the assessment list of the City of Scranton, is now, (April, 1867), 7,410,,and the ratio of non-taxa- bles to taxables, say 71- to one, would make the present population of the City over 55,000. It now contains : 24 Churches, 1 Gas Works,

3 Academies and numerous Schools, 3 Planing Mills and Sash Factories,

4 Printing Offices, 4 Banking Houses, 2 Book Binderies, 4 Flouring Mills,

222 Stores and Groceries, 3 Saw Mills,

25 Stationary Steam Engines, 6 Brev/eries and Distilleries,

11 Founderies and Machine Shops, 1 Eace Course, 2 Axe and Scythe Manufactories, 8 Drug Stores, 4 Smelting Furnaces, 2 Rolling Mills,

2 Stove Manufactories, 4 Resident Dentists

4 Bakeries, 1 Patent Medicine Manufactory,

12 Hotels, 29 Resident Physicians and travelling empirics q. s., and Lawyers thick as locusts in ancient Egypt.

This sketch of the history of Scranton can hardly be appropriately closed without a glance at the great Iron works now in blast here, capa- ble of smelting about seventy thousand, tons of ore a year. The sizes of these blast furnaces may be inferred from the diameter of the boshes, which are respectively 15, 17, 18, and 20 feet, with a height of fifty feet. Into these furnaces air is forced by double, connected, lever -beam en- gines of vast power. The steam cylindei's are fifty-four inches in diame- ter. The blowing cylinders are 110 inches in diameter with ten feet stroke. The wind is forced by this apparatus into the furnaces, under an average pressure of four pounds to the square inch. The huge fly-wheel which regulates the movements of this enormous apparatus weighs forty thous- and pounds. In order to be prepared for any possible exigency, and have increased blowing power, the Iron Company have built appropriate apartments, and set up still another pair of engines upon the very ground where formerly stood, under one roof, the first office, store, and dwelling of Messrs. Scranton and Grant, in Harrison, subsequently known as "Kres- ler's Hotel."

This pair of engines have cylinders 59 inches in diameter and blowing cylinders 90 inches. Each engine has two fly-wheels, 28 feet in diameter, weighing seventy-five thousand pounds. By this power they are able to force air into the furnaces under a pressure of eight or nine pounds to the square inch, a great advantage, as it is found by experiments that in or-

HISTORY OF SCRANTON. 31

der for a furnace to yield the greatest product, it must not onl}- have a certain amount of air, but that the air, to be most advantageous, must be introduced under heavy pressure, and at many places simultaneously, when it is more equally diffused through the stack. Some fifty thousand tons of pig metal can now be produced each year.

A walk of five minutes brings one to the rolling mills, which also stand on the north side of the Koaring Brook. 3Iidway between the furnace and the mills, down the bank of the brook to the right, is seen a railroad track leading into a mine directly under our feet, into which a few black- ened coal cars, drawn by mules, disappear in midnight. This vein of coal, at this point, which is used in all the iron works now, is the very on"^ first seen by the exploring party, in 1840, led by Mr. Henry, and which, in connection with the adjacent iron deposits, decided the Scrantons and Mr. Grant to purchase this property for sixteen dollars an acre. Enter- ing the rolling mill, one is surprised to see the magnitude and the preci- sion of the whole arrangement. The principal product of the mills is T railroad bars, of which from fifteen to twenty thousand tons a year are finished. A great quantity of railroad spikes and chairs are made, besides some three thousand tons of merchant iron.

Some general idea can be formed of the imposing character of the iron works by the fact that over one hundred thousand tons of anthracite coal per year are consumed by them alone, Avhile they furnish employment to an effective army of fifteen hundred men !

The amount of capital already expended by the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad Company in their railroad and coal property, in- cluding the Cayuga and Susquehanna Railroad, and the "Warren Railroad, in Xew Jersey, is, at this time, over twelve million dollars, and a large amount will yet be required to complete the double track and properly equip the road.

The influence of the opening of this great eastern and western outlet upon a valley so long shut out from the great world by mountain barriers, make as plain as noonday, facts of yesterday and to-day. It is visible in every hamlet, felt in every cottage by the way side, and is v/ritten in vivifying lines everywhere along the Lackawanna; while the vast revolu- tion it has effected in monetary affairs, finds expression in the grand ag- gregate of prosperity seen throughout every county in Pennsylvania and New Jersey through which the road passes. Much of this prosperity is due to Hon. John Brisbin, President of the road for the last ten years, and who lias managed its affiirs with singular sagacity and skill.

"What Scranton lacks in antiquity, is compensated for in the design of the original village ; in its fine streets, laid out with great regu- larity, - and soon to be illuminated with gas - in its ample "Water "Works, supplying the purest water from the upper Nay-aug - in its free schools equaled by none in the State ; in its churches, representing so great a diversity of religious sentiment, in the magnificence or the mod-

32 SCRANTON CITY DIKECTOET.

esty of their structures, that " none need fall among thorns, or thieves " ; in its Doctors of Medicine, sheltered by broad Latin diplomas, which all the dictionaries in the Vatican would not enable them to read, skilled in the wherewithal to heal the sick, and invigorate the feeble ; in its clever lawyers, blustering when opposed and ever ready to mystify and perplex the simplest matter for a fee; in its Doctors of Divinity who, learned in biblical affairs, are ever ready

" By apostolic blows and knocks To show their doctrine orthodox."

In fact, by the general intelligence and thrift of its inhabitants everj'- where observed within its borders. Wyoming Valley, worthy of the fame it has acquired the world over, boasts of its gray obelisk with an honest pride, - of its shire town, tilled with elegance, wealth, and intelligence, deriving much of its celebrity from being the residence of some of the finest lawyers in the State, with its streets shaded by long lines of stately elms, and yet it lacks the marvellous and irresistible business impulse which makes up the enchantment of Scranton City. Located in the very midst of unbounded mineral wealth, it will naturally exact tribute from the surrounding country by the aid of the numerous railroads' entering within its limits, until the villages that begirt it now will expand and commingle and involuntarily become merged into one of the greatest cities of the State.

Sketch of the Settlement of Providence and Dunmore.

The village of Providence is one of the prettiest in the County, for one of its size. In passing through the State on the old Drinker turnpike, long before the railroad, carrying the moving world along on its back, dis- turbed the trot of the stage horse measuring with sun-dial correctness its three mile and three quarters an hour, over weary miles enlivened with story and laughter, no traveler can forget a small hill-side village stand- ing on the west border of the Lackawanna, midway between the deep mountain notches, noticed as the finest and fairest along the valley. It stood and still stands on the terraced slope rising from the shallow waters of the Lackawanna into an eminence, commanding a look-out far up and down the valley, veined with brooks, f:irms, coal works, and villages, "all cultivated, active, and thrifty; and although the low Moosic, encircling the prospect, gives out no bold cliffs nor Alpine views, it here shows such graceful swells, and there such gentle depressions in the mountain for the passage of the jolly trout^stream, as to render the village unsurpassed in the beauty of its scenerj' or the elegance of its location. Nor are the in- habitants of the place excelled in modest bearing, in quiet firesides, or in

HISTORY OF PROVIDENCE AND DUNMORE. 33

the general good feeling perviiding the entire community. It is true, there are sometimes here as well as elsewhere in the wide world dissen- sions and strifes, political asperities and personal feuds and other vexa- tions, making up their part of village life the world over ; but tliese are only clouds floating in a genial sky, which may disturb but not destroy the otherwise harmonious relations of a village population, characterized by an absence of display, by general intelligence, by universal kindness of feeling, and by a generous charity for the short comings of others.

The village of Providence dates back to 1788 - the Township to 1770. There is but little or nothing in the earliest written or printed records of the "Wyoming settlers of either personal or general character, relating to the history of Providence or Dunmore. The "Westmoreland Records, made and kept in "V\''yoming Valley from 1769 to 1786, relate to the pass- age of laws for common safety and general welfare, and record business transactions of the young and agitated Colony, as disposing of or settling- rights and deeds of land, or the judicious deliberations of the settler in regard to the early and relentless controversy, agitated by Pennsylvania, claiming and afterwards possessing these lands by a strange and dubious right. The Pennsylvania Archives and Colonial Records furnish voluminous correspondence of exciting events disturbing "Wj-oming; but Lackawanna Valley and its local history is looked for in vain within their ample folds.

In 1770 the wilderness, unshorn of its strength only at the wigwams of Capouse, extended from the mouth of the Lackawanna up to its ver3- headwaters among the beech and maple, and was peopled by a race whose camp-fires, undimmed in the grand old forest for ages, glimmered along the Valley for ten years after its first occupancy bj- the whites.

The first settlement in Providence township was made in 1771 by Timothy Keys and Solomon Hocksey, two brave men who emigrated from Hartford, Ct., in 1769, and purchased a settling right of the Susquehanna Company, on a small stream Pubsequently known as Key's Creek, now embraced in Lackawanna tov^nship.* Simultaneously with this, or but a month later, " Isooc Trypp of west-moreland in ye County of Litchfield & Colony of Connecticutt in New England," penetrated the woods still farther up the stream, and located himself within the Indian clearing of Capouse, already fit for planting or pasturage. Solomon Johnson, An- drew Hickman, Frederic Curtis, Isaac Tripj) the younger, and Thomas Peckins, came into Providence and settled in " ye Town of Capouse Meadow " 1772-3. Many of the New England men born on the luxuri- ant banks of the Connecticut, purchasing land in Providence, never pitched a tent or cleared an acre upon lands afterwards acquired by a mure fearless and hardy yeomanry. Thus from 1771 to 1774, records are found of John Stevens and liis son-in-lavj Youngs, Jonathan Slocum, Colonel Lodwick Ojidirk, Ebenezer Searles, Major Fitch and John Aldren, purchasing settling rights in Capouse never occujned by them.

* Lackawaniui furmeJ Nuv. 18C8, out of Providence ami Pittstun. 5

34 SCKANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

That swift, loose-tongued tributary of the Laclta wanna, leaping along the rocky staircase in the mountain notch between Abington and Provi- dence, known as " Leggit's Creek," derived its name from Jas. Leggit, who came from "ye Province of New York" in 1775 and erected his rude cabin at the mouth of the creek still bearing his name. This land, passing through the hands of Abraham Stanton and John Staples before being purchased by Mr. Leggit, had never been touched nor tilled by the white man until the last named gentleman had sought its solitude for a home.

Benjamin Uaily purchased a lot from Solomon Strong bdow that of Leggit's in 1775, selling it again the next year to Tripp " for a few firs and a flint gun."* In 1777 Mathew Dalson bought 375 acres of land on "ye Capons Kiver so called " bounded on the north by " Lands belong- ing to one Loggit. "f This purchase included lands now known as " uncle Josh Griffin's farm."

The Kevolutionary conflict, after the Indians living along the borders of the Susquehanna and Lackawanna, hitherto friendly, had espoused the cause of the British and Tories, threatened annihilation to every hut or cabin along the Lackawanna. Every settler but four in Providence township either abandoned their dv/ellings and returned to the safe settlements in Connecticut, or removed to Pittston, where the friendly block-house offer- ed security to all who sought it. Leggit returned to New York, Keys and Hocksey, Isaac Tripp and Mr. Hickman, alone remained, in July, 1778. The kindness and conciliation ever shown the Indians by these too confiding settlers, gave them a hope that their humble homes, isolated from the main valley below, and remote from the Indian plantations above, would be respected with a sacred and scrupulous fidelity. The savages, too, had left Capouse for their country around the lakes, only to gather strength for the meditated and murderous attack on Wyoming. And even when their canoes, sunk to their edge with warriors, British and Tories, bent on revenge and conquest, floated down the Susquehanna, these settlers of Providence remained around theil frail cabins at work, in imaginary, but fatal security.

Isaac Tripp the grand son, and Isaac Tripp tlio elder, were both " taken prisoners in 1778, with two young men by the name of Keys and Hocksey; the old gentleman they (the Indians) painted and dismissed, but hurried the others into the forest (now Abington) above Leggit's Gap, on the warrior's path to Oquago. Besting one night, they arose the next morning, traveled about two miles, when they stopped at a little stream of water. The two young Indians then took Keys and Hocksey some distance from the path and were absent half an hour, the old Indian looking anxiously the way they had gone. Presently the death- whoop was heard, and the Indians returned, brandishing bloody tomahawks and exhibiting the scalps of their victims. Tripp's hat was taken from

* Westiuorchuul Rocurds. f Do.

1583203

HISTORY OF PKOVIDENCE AND DUNMORE. 35

his head, and his scalp examinod twice - the savages speaking earnestly, when at length they told him to fear nothing, he should not be hurt, and carried him off prisoner." *

The Indians painted his face with their war-paint, which afforded him protection from am* tribe he might chance to encounter on the war-path through the forest and then allowed him to return to his home at Capouse, where the next summer he was shot by a band of savages, who overran and devastated the valley witli tomahawk and fire brand.

In the spring of 1803, two skulls as white as snow, and some human bones porous and weather beaten by the storms of a quarter of a century, were found in Abington, by Deacon Clark, upon the edge of a little brook passing through Clark's Green, and were at this time supposed to be, as they probably were, the remains of Tripp's two tomahawked com- panions.

Isaac Tripp the younger, was shot July 8th, 1778, by the Indians, upon the flats at Capouse, while at work in the field unconscious of danger, where he was found by the fugitives, retreating after the great "Wyoming disaster. Mr. Hickman, wife and child, fell at the same time and place. Mr. Leach and St. John were tomahawked at Keys's or Keyser's Creek, near Mr. Atherton's, now Lackawanna Township, the next day, thus de- populating the entire Township of Providence of its white population.

After the Wyoming battle, (July 3, 1778,) the Indians, animated by a hope of regaining their loved and lost Valley from the exhausted possess- ors, became so bold and defiant that it was not until the next year, when Gen. Sullivan laid waste their castles and orchards along the Susquehanna and the Genesee, that the settlers who had escaped the massacre ventured back on their original fiirms in Providence. Harrassed less hy the Indian suddenlj' traversing the mountain, they yet suffered more hardships, i^ possible, than before. The great difficulty and danger of procuring corn for seed, owing to the presence of panthers, bears, and wolves along all the roads leading out of the Valley, made their first crop almost a failure, and the little that was raised was cracked at home in the old fashioned wooden or stone mortar for the nourishing na-sum.}! or samp. All the flour used in Providence Township, and this was principally rye, was brought up from Wyoming Valley in bags made from tanned deer or bear skins, carried on the backs of the inhabitants, and sometimes when the snow was deep and drifted, the only way of getting down and back from the mill was upon slow and cumbrous snow shoes.

At this time there was no Hyde Park nor Dunmore. The land where the latter village now stands had early been explored by the hunter and the emigrant in passing to and from Connecticut to Wyoming, but none possessed the courage to begin a settlement in this wild outline of the Moosic, until William AUsworth, of N. Y., in May, 1783, erected his cabin from trees and the sheltering boughs of the hemlock. For many years

* Miner"- Hi-t'nv of \Vvoniiii''.

36 SCR ANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Mr. AUsworth's family were the sole occupants of the " Corners,'" as this point was designated before it took to itself the droll but now obsolete ap- pellation of "Bucktown." John West, Edward Lunnon, John Carey, sen., Chas. and Isaac Dolph, James Brown, Phillip Swartz, and Levi De Puy, settled in the vicinity, about the beginning of the present century. The old tavern, once famous for its old rye and rare sports, and for the hospitality it offered the welcome but uninvited guest, passed through the hands of Wm. Allsworth, Philip Swartz, Isaac Dolph, J. D. Bloom, Henry W. Drinker, and Samuel De Puy, before its bar-room, fortified with long pickets, extending to the ceiling, was supplanted by the brick store of John D. Boyle. In passing on the cars from Scranton to New York, the traveler will observe at " No. 6," below the high dam in the Koaring Brook, the debris of an old grist and saw mill. This was erected in 1820, by Stephen Tripp, Jacob Swartz and Jacob Fike doing the work.

The first physician living and practicing his profession in Providence, was Dr. Orlo Hamlin, who as early as 1813 located about one mile up the valley from Dunmore. He soon abandoned the place. Although the earliest settlers of Dunmore were men of such independence of char- acter that no adverse circumstance could change or depress them, the wardrobe of obscurity was never thrown off from the settlement until the Pennsylvania Coal Company, in 1848, began to convert the rough pasture lots into a town now commanding such magnificent views of neighboring villages and mountain scenery, and marked with every ele- ment of life and prosperity. Without seeming invidious towards the good people of that place, who have by their business energy and steady habits contributed so much towards bringing their town into a position with its sister villages, we will say what they themselves gracefully ac- cord, that to no 07ie man is this prosperous condition of Dunmore more indebted than to John B. Smith, who, for a period of over twenty years, has not only given reputation to this coal road by his straight forward fair dealing with the employees of the road as well as others, but whose liberality, never exhausted upon a worthy object, and whose steady adherence to every measure calculated to promote the harmonious interests of the community in which he lives, have earned a place in popular estimation that few so quiet and reserved have been able to reach or sustain.

The formation of Luzerne County in 1786, promising a degree of se- curity hitherto never enjoyed by the Lackawanna settlements, began to stir up emigration towards the wild lands in Providence and the lower portion of the valley. Isaac Tripp, the 8d, accompanied by his son Ste- phen, came from E. I. during this year, and permanently located in Prov- idence in 1788. At the same time Enoch Holmes came from White Plains, N. y.,and, felling a few trees, fashioned and erected the first house in the vicinity of Providence Boro'. This plain structure, covered with bark and hemlock boughs, was made from the fallen logs, and stood be- tween the Presbyterian Church and the main road from Providence to

HISTORY OF PROVIDENCE AND DUNMORE. 37

Hyde Park. In fact, the population of the township had increased so rap- idly, that, including Blakcly and Lackawanna, it had 156 inliabitants in 1792. These were compelled to do all public business, as training, voting, paying taxes, &c., in Lakawanuk Township, (now Pittston), after Penn- sylvania, by virtue of the Trenton decision, assumed jurisdiction over the disputed territory. Providence Township, existing twenty-two years pre- vious, in the old Connecticut survey, was formed in August, 1792, by the justices of Luzerne County, out of apart of "Lakawanuk."* In this year the petition of Isaac Tripp and others, set forth "that the town of Providence labors under great disadvantage by reason of being annexed to Lackawanna, that the inhabitants live remote from the place where the town meets on public occasions, and that they have a very bad river to cross, which is impassable at some times," etc. f

As there was no bridge across the Lackawanna at this time, nor until 1797, elections were held on the north-east side of the stream. The iirst town meeting held in Providence was at the house of Stephen Tripp, above Hyde Park, before that energetic portion of the township had as- sumed any distinctive features of a village. This was in 1813. Voters, then living in Providence, comprising the region of Blakely, Jefferson, a portion of Scott, Greeniield, Lackawanna, and Covington, Slocum Hol- low, and Dunmore, enjoyed elective franchise here.

The vote was as follows :

In 1813, Federal vote, 46 Democratic vote, 36

" 1814, " " 47 " " 36

" 1815, " " 51 " " 44

The land now covered by the main portion of Providence village came into possession of James Griffin in the winter of 1812, who immediately moved into the solitary log house previously erected by Mr. Holmes. So laborious the work of cutting down and then burning up the noblest pine that ever met the breeze springing from the west, that the settlement here was slowly advanced. In fact, so slow that as late as 1816 there were but three settlers in the immediate vicinity of the present Borough - Daniel Waderman, James and Thomas Griffin - the latter living near " Lutz's Ford," in the old red house yet standing by the road side below the village. At this time there was no bridge across the Lackawanna at any point along the stream, except one from Slocum Hollow to Fellows' and built of rude logs in 1797, and one at Old Forge, six miles below. Persons crossed the stream either on foot or horse-back by wading the different crossing places or fords. These fords were usually selected in some shallow place in the stream (often impassable when the waters were swollen) where the banks were not abrupt, and if the hardy settler or the brave woman whose pres- ence gladdened the valley chose to visit a neighbor over the river, she step- ped bare-footed into the rapid current, and with lier dress well tucked in its woolen folds cautiously waded to the opposite bank and went on her way re-

* Incorporated 1849, into a Boro'. f Luzerne Co. liecurds.

38 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

joicing. Two fords were in Providence ; the upper one at Bayley's, above, and the lower one between Conrad Lutz's and Thomas Griffin's, known as " Lutz's Ford." This was on the main wagon road coming from the Del- aware and Paupack, over Cobb Mountain, into Providence, and thence passing down to Wyoming. At the present village of Providence there was no ford, nor was there a bridge here until 1826, when one was erec- ted for and by the Drinker turnpike. The grist-mill near the bridge, long known as the " Jeffry mill," now occupied by Joseph Gillespie and Son, was built in 1829, by N. Cottrill.

Nothing, however, contributed so much to give the central location of the village of Providence an impetus and importance as the Philadelphia and Great Bend Turnpike, known throughout the country as the "Drinker Turnpike," chartered in 1819, and to pass through the village with its tri-weekly stage-coach and mail. This then important road was com- pleted in 1826, and was the first road passing through Cobb's Gap ; all previous roads going over the rugged summit of this wild range. The Luzerne and Wayne County Turnpike road * passed through Provi- dence and Blakely, intersecting the Drinker Koad ; the Easton and Bel- mont and the Milford and Owego Turnpikes were also built this year.

The late Elisha S. Potter, Esq., and our esteemed townsman Nathaniel Cottrill, perceiving the future value of these then unsought lands, pur- chased fourteen acres of the Holmes tract of Mr. Griffin, for ip4,000, in 1828. Soon after, it passed into the hands of Mr. Cottrill. Previous to this, however, the Slocums, Pellows, Tripps, Briggs, Millers, Vaughns, Lutzs, Dings, Whalings, Swartzs, Dolphs, Griffins, Yon Storchs, and manj' others, had located within the township, and as their descendants represent a large element in the subsequent history of the town, they deserve more extended notice than a brief sketch like this, or the article upon the history of Scranton, is expected to present, and which will be more fully given in the new and enlarged edition of the history of the Lackawanna Yalley, forthcoming this summer or fall.

In 1821, the wolves frequentiiig the mountain between Abington and Providence becnmo so bold in their depredations, that a great general hunt was determined upon by the inhabitants, who had sufiered from the earliest settlement of the valley until now. Cattle were sometimes attack- ed and sheep slain by them in broad day, within the narrow clearing, while after nightfall, unless protected by strong stockades, made from the well-driven saplings, no kind of live stock could be kept. After sun-down

* Copy of Shca-es of Stock in Drinker's Turnpike.

No. 30. 25 Dolls.

This is to certify that Harris Hamlin is entitled to one Share of the Capital Stock of the Presiaeut, Managers, and Company of the LUZERNE & WAYNE COUNTY TURNPIKE ROAD, numbered thirty, of the original value of twenty-five dollars. Transferable only in person or by attorney duly constituted, in the presence of the President or Treasurer.

Witness the seal of the said Corporation the twenty-second day of February, A. D.. 1825.

Moses Kellum, Treasurer. Ebzr. Slocum, Presv.lent.

HISTORY OF PROVIDE^-CE AND DUNMORE. 39

or night-time, the wolves, whose for resounding howl was sent down into the solitude of the valley from the timbered slope, held loud and long their carnival. Determined, if possible, to rid themselves of these grey- eyed creatures, the settlers of Providence, Blakely, Abington, Pittston, and a few old shots from Kingston, appointed a time and place for one day's excursion on the mountain, that would combine relaxation and amusement, bring abundance of game, and exemption from the so fre- quent incursions of the wolves. Beside this, a little girl of Mr. Riving- burg's, then living in Blakely, on the "Uncle Pete Miller farm," had gone to the edge of the woods after berries, one afternoon, and as she was looked for in vain for weeks afterwards, it was supposed that a pan- ther, seen there but a few days previous, had caught and carried her away to his den. Singular as it appears, the little child, grown into womanhood, was found sixteen years later in one of the lower counties of New York !

The time chosen for the hunt was in the spring of the year, while a slight fall of snow was on the ground, which not only made the dogs go out with a sharper appetite after old briun and his greedier competitor, but left tracks fresh from the farmer's barn-yard to the cliffs and notches, af- fording, in their dark shadows, shelter and hiding places.

The hunters divided themselves into four separate parties; the Blakely people, skilled vv^ith the rifle from their very youth, formed a line across the mountain from this point at the appointed time; the Abingtonians, led by Elder John Miller, as good a shot as ever lived, flanked the north side ; the Ximrods of Providence, armed with every conceivable kind of weapon, from the long rifle to the blustering shot-gun, and some even with pitchforks, defiled upon the other, while the riflemen from Pittston and Kingston covered the mountain above Campbell's Ledge, startling the wolf and the bear from every ravine and precipice by the sharp cracking of the rifle and the loud barking of the dogs, heard from mountain side to summit. The air cut keenly at early dav/n, as the bugle, blown by Jacob Swartz, announced the time of departure of such men as Benjamin Fellows, Elias Scott, Benjamin Slocum, John Dings, Joshua Griffin, the Vaughns, Millers, Tripps, Dolphs, Briggs, Taylors, and some three hundred others, who joined the exciting chase. Most of these were young men then, but few indeed are those who are left among us.

There seemed to be no chance for these fleet-footed animals, thus walled in on every side, to escape. The constant crack of the rifle coming on the ear, now on the right, then on the left, quickened the leap of the wolf and the bear, whose wounded mates struggled in vain with the avenging bullet. From morning until middle afternoon the hunt went on with speed and sport unslackened ; the buck and the doe were swept forward with panting chest ; the wolf, with the cunning bear, forsook their fast- nesses and all fled before the cheers and loud huzzas of their pursuers. The parties rapidly approached each other with the affrighted beasts hemm- -ed in the interspace. Every flint was picked and every pan primed afresh.

40 SCK ANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

One of the seams or notches in the mountain which distinguish and di- versify the Moosic range its entire length, lying in the rear of Hyde Park, was selected as the first rendezvous, as shooting down into the gorge would endanger none of the party upon the opposite side. As the bugle gave the signal to draw the enclosing lines more firmly together, the men advanced with shouts reverberating from cliff to clift', commin- gled with the reports of the rifle and the bowlings of the hounds. Many wolves had been shot and left behind with cut and reddened throat, but more rushed ^into the destructive gorge and with swift vengeance were shot in their efforts to emerge from the trap. A vast number was thus slaughtered. At length, led by a huge bear, defying every attempt to wound or capture, a break was made through the ranks on the northern side of the mountain, when the carnage ceased. So great were the tro- phies of the hunt, that bear-steak and venison long smoked upon the hun- ters' table. Only one panther was killed. From this time henceforth the valley was in a great measure rid of the impertinent wolf.

The growth of Providence, from 1828 until now, while it has not ap- proached the astonishing rapidity of the City of Scranton - of which it forms no unimportant part - has been marked by no wild excitement, or no stride of ambitious haste more apt to recede than advance, but a healthy gradual development which has called forth from the valley a neat and substantial village, equaled by few within its border, and surpassed by none.

Hon. George W. Scranton.

In bringing a work of this kind before the people of this community, it is absolutely necessary to sketch the life and some of the public acts of the great and good man from whom this city took its name - but for the want of space and inability of the writer to do the subject justice, it is to be regretted that more cannot be done when attempted. Some one of the present generation should carefully write Colonel Scranton's biography, and lay it by for the benefit of those that are to come ; and show to future generations the material of which true men are made, as illustrated in the life and character of this model gentleman.

Colonel Scranton came of good stock. He was a lineal descendant of ' John Scranton, who came from England in 1638, and was one of the New Haven Colony settling there about this time. In the records of the old French and Revolutionary War, we find favorable mention of this family both as privates and commissioned officers.

In the town of Madison, Ct., Colonel George W. Scranton was born,

BIOGRAPHY OF COL. SCRANTON. 41

May 11, 1811. In early life he showed signs of that untiring energy, promptitude, honesty of heart, and purity of purpose, which, in afterlife, beeame manifest in developing the immense resources of this valley and founding a city. His early education was limited to the rudiments of the English branches, and two years at Lee's Academy. He continued in his father's family until the year 1828, when he removed to Belvidere, N. J., to live with an uncle. "While there ho went through an amount of hard work and endured hardships that none but the most robust could accom- plish. About this time Judge Kinney, who had often observed the great business tact, and atfable manners of young Scranton, offered him a clerk- ship in his store, and soon after took him in as a partner. On the 21st of January, 1835, he was married to Miss Jane Hiles, of Belvidere, and soon afterwards relinquished mercantile pursuits and went to farming till 1839.

His brother Selden had been clerking at the Oxford Furnace for Henry, Jordan & Co. They were anxious to retire, and oflered their stock and unexpired lease for sale. An unexpected and most complimentary propo- sition was made to Selden, then a young man hardly of age. He consult- ed with George, and they determined to accept, contrary, however, to the advice of their friends, who predicted nothing but ruin from the enter- prise. It was in the midst of the hard times following the crash of '37, and Iron was at a low figure. Nothing daunted, the brothers took vigo- rous hold, established a high credit, and succeeded to the astonishment of the neighborhood.

To Mr. Wm. Henry is duo the credit of first perceiving the advantages oflered for the manufacture of iron in Lackawanna Valley. In '39 he made a purchase of a large tract, including the present site of Scranton, then known as Slocum Hollow. It contained a saw-mill, the old Slocum homestead, and two other buildings, a large amount of timber, and was densely covered with an undergrowth of laurel that was almost impassa- ble. Mr. Henry was unable to comply with his contract. The Scranton brothers visited the spot in company with Mr. Sanford Grant, and con- cluded a contract in May, 1840. Mr. P. H. Mattes, of Easton, also took an interest in it, and in the course of a few montlis Messrs. Henry, Grant, C. F. Mattes, and Manness, moved to the scene of their future labors and hardships.

It must be remembered that when this purchase was made the manu- facture of anthracite iron was in its infancy. But little was known of the process, and only two other furnaces in the country were producing iron with any success, and they only in small quantities, viz., one atCatasaqua and the other at Danville. The foundation of the furnace was laid on the 20th of September, 1840. It was not ready for work till the fall of 1841, when it was blown in amid the anxious expectation of the little band. Their labor was vain. Despite the most superhuman and exhausting toil, no iron was made. There was no end to the expedients resorted to in the vain hope of inducing a favorable result. Sulphur was procured from

42 SCRANTON CITY BIRECTOKY.

Wilkes-Barre to be thrown into the furnace, and salt was added to the fire in the hope of intensifying the heat. All hands resorted to the woods to chop, in order to secure a sufficient supply of wood. But though the most varied experiments were made and the most herculean tasks performed, the refractory ore would not yield its metal. The furnace was too new and too small, the blast too little, and the heating ovens too few, and all lacked experience. During this trying time Col. Scranton is said to have gone two weeks without once sleeping in his bed, and part of the time his meals were taken to him.

On the 18th day of January, 1842, the furnace was blown in a third time, and with success. Between that and the 26th of February 75 tons of iron were made. The first pig was for years in the possession of Mr. Charles Scranton, of Oxford. Additional heating ovens were added, and on the 23d of May the furnace was started again, continuing eighteen weeks to September 25th, and producing 362 tons. The third successful blast began on October 11th, 1842, and continued till the 12th of March following. From this time on, the product steadily increased, but the firm found themselves terribly hampered for the want of means. But for an opportune advance made by Messrs. J. H. & E. C. Scranton, they would have been swamped. As it was, iron was low, and the cost of getting it to Carbondale or Port Griffith, near Pittston, - 'their only two shipping places - was so great as to entail loss rather than profit.

It was determined to convert the pig metal into manufactured iron ; but how to raise the means was the vexatious question over which many a sleepless, trying hour was passed. After many and anxious considera- tions between the brothers, it was agreed that Selden should go to New York. In a manly, frank way, George went to several of their creditors in this vicinity, explained their embarrassments and the necessity of hav- ing the property free from all record incumbrances, and so relieved it of all judgment liens save the original purchase mortgage. Selden started for New York, knowing hardly a man of any wealth in it. He was re- commended to George Howland. Introducing himself and mission, he told his story in a plain, unvarnished way, and said that they wanted from fifteen to twenty thousand dollars to meet their engagements and start a nail factory. Mr. Howland agreed to talk with his son, and give him an answer the next morning at a quarter past nine. Punctually to the mo- ment, Selden was on hand, and was told that they should send out an agent to verify his statements, and if correct he could have the money.* He accordingly visited the valley, was satisfied, made a favorable report, and Mr. Howland gave the firm his cheque for $3,000 before any of the requisite papers were drawn - a confidence alike creditable to both parties.

This loan enabled tlie iirin to regain their credit, and on the 1st of May, 1844, the rolling mill, designed for bar iron, was commenced, being about one-third of the present building, and the nail mill was begun in November following. In April of '45, the lirst iron was puddled. In

BIOGRAPHY OF COL. SCR ANTON. 43

September of the :<ainc year, Mr. Grant sold hi.s intercut to Jos. II. Scran- ton, and the firm wa.s changed to Scranton & Piatt, thus securing the dashing energy and bold frankness of the present President, and the cau- tious judgment and exact system of the present land agent. But the bar iron was not of the best grade, and the nails were most unsatisfactory. Stories are told of their brittleness and of the remarkable skill of the then chief manager in driving them. The company found themselves inex- tricably involved. Ordinary men in their position would have failed, but lliey would not acknowledge themselves worsted, and cast around for tlio means of extending their operations and going into the manufacture of Eailroad Iron. The Colonel, who had moved to Oxford Furnace, exchang- ing places with his brother Selden, returned in^September, 1840. He and Joseph devoted themselves untiringh' for several months following to ne- gotiating the moans for manufacturing nails.

AVe have more than once heard the Colonel refer to this as as one of the most trying periods of his life ; but his peculiar and most successful ad- dress never appeared to greater advantage. The Erie Eailroad needed iron for their track. The two went before the Board and oftcred to fur- nish what they needed for five dollars per ton less than the ruling price, $80, on condition that the company would advance them $100,000. Some of the friends of the road acted on the suggestion. They deputed Messrs. William E. Dodge and Benjamin Loder to visit the Lackawanna Valley and examine into the statements made by the strangers. They did so, and spent two days in examining the property. No questions were asked of them as to their report ; but as they were leaving the valley the Colonel inquired, " Well, gentlemen, do you find our statements to be true ?" and the reply was, promptly and heartily, " The half had not been told us." And accordingly after their return, $90,000 was advanced by Messrs. Ben- jamin Lodor, Henry Sheldon, Anson G. Phelps, William E. Dodge, Homer Kamsdell, Samuel Marsh, Philip Dater, and Daniel S. Miller con- tributing $10,000 apiece, and Wm. B. Skidmore and James Stokes each $5,000. A contract was made with the Erie Company for 12,000 tons, to be delivered at the mouth of the Lackawaxen. It was subsequently al- tered by the Company so as to secure its delivery at various points along the line of their road. And then was ^een one of the most astonishing features of the valley's history. The rails were wagoned over the moun- tains along almost impassable roads, and sometimes over no roads at all. From fifty to seventy teams a day were loaded and started on their tedi- ous route.

This contract was a fortunate thing for the Erie Eoad, for it ensured its completion to Binghamton four days before the time limited by its charter. The Erie President admitted, that but for the energy and promptitude shown by the Scrantons, it would have been impossible to comply with their charter. But it was equally fortunate for the Company, for it estab- lished them on a firm and secure basis.

44 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

In the year 1849, the Cayuga & Susquehanna Railroad from Owego to Ithaca was offered for sale by Messrs. Humphry and W«illiams. It had been purchased by them under the State's foreclosure. It was ironed with the strap rail, and was in wretched order. The Company purchased it so as to secure an outlet to the West for their coal, and Colonel Scranton un- dertook to have it in working order by Christmas. It was deemed by many an impossibility, for the ties were standing in the woods ; the iron lay untouched in its virgin ore, and the coal that was to smelt it was in the bowels of the earth. But he went at it with his accustomed energy, and, though part of the rails were laid by moonlight and with relays of hands, the trains went over it at the promised time. He then undertook, in behalf of Scrantons and Piatt, the construction of the Northern Divi- sion of the Delaware, Lackawanna, & Western Railroad. It was built by the day, and under his personal superintendence. Nor were the other members of the firm idle. Apart from their laborious duties in connec- tion with the mill, they were busy in purchasing the immense supplies needed for the men, and in devising ways and means to carry the enor- mous indebtedness they had incurred, amounting at one time to over a mil- lion of dollars. But the firm barely went through it, and the road was completed and opened in October, 1851.

Colonel Scranton early had his eyes on a connection Avith New York as necessary to secure a ready market for iron, but indispensable for the de- velopment of the coal trade. Messrs. Drinker, Henry, and others had for years looked forward to the same thing, and for years had labored for its accomplishment, but without success. He succeeded in what they had so often been disappointed in - in enlisting foreign capital for the construc- tion of a great Eastern outlet. The history of that operation affords the highest tribute to his address, his patience, his courtesy and unflagging energj'. We record one instance. One of the leading capitalists of New York had been repeatedly urged to subscribe. He was spoken of several times at the meeting of the friends of the enterprise, and the remark was made, "It is useless to apply to him, he has refused, and when his mind is made uji it cannot be changed." The Colonel avowed his intention to call on him, and asked a friend to accompany him, and give him an in- troduction. He was told it was a waste of time ; but the call was made and an introduction given. The Colonel pleasantly alluded to the high reputation of the capitalist, and remarked that he had called to give him a chance to enroll himself amongst the first men of the city. Courteous- ly interrupting him in the statement that he had already refused, ho in- vited him to look at the subscription book ; went over many of the names ; commented on the advantages of the proposed road, and secured $20,000 subscription in less than half an hour, to the infinite surprise of all who knew the circumstances.

This road was put under contract in June, 1853, and its completion was celebrated on the 27th of May, 1856. It is no disparngomont to tho ef-

niOGRAPHY OF (01,. SCRANTOX. 45

forts of his associates to say that had it not been for the energy and daunt- less patience of Colonel Scranton, years must have elapsed before it would have been in operation, even if it had been undertaken at this day.

The Colonel's health gave way under his exhausting labors, though he continued an active and most useful member of the board. Originallj'of most vigorous constitution, in the prime of his life he was a superb speci- men of physical manhood, weighing some two hundred pounds, but his in- cessant toil broke down a matchless physique, and laid the foundation of the disease which bore him to an untimely grave.

In politics the Colonel had always been a whig. He worked most faithfully for the election of Claj^ in '44, but disappointed by the defeat of that great statesman, took but little interest in current politics, though always a consistent friend of the Protective Policy. Again-it his pergon- al wishes, he was presented as the champion of this policy in the congres- sional contest of 1858, and after a brief but animated canvass, that was free from the personality and abuse that so often disgrace our political contests, he was triumphantly elected by 3,900 majority, in a district which is some 2,000 Democratic.

Recollections of Slocum Hollow.

BY JOSEPH SLOCUM, ESQ.

My father, Ebenezer Slocum, was born January 10th, 1766, in Kent, Pi. I., and emigrated to Wyoming Valley in November, 1777, with his father, Jonathan Slocum and family.

Two years later my grandfather's youngest sister, Frances, was carried away into the forest by the Indians, and lived with them until her death. (See Miner's or Peck's History of Wyoming). My father, accompanied by his four children, came into UnionvillQ, as this place was called, in July, 1798. He moved into a two-roomed log-house, standing on Soar- ing brook, below the mill. He built a a smith-shop from logs and a double log-house or two near the present location of the old red house. At this time a man named Duwain was in company with father. In the spring of 1800 the dams were washed awa}' by the freshet.

Mr. Duwain now retired from partnership, and my uncle, Benja- min, inmediately took his place. The dams were now re-built for the grist and saw-mills and forge, while the single still-house, smith-shop and five log-houses, made up the village of Unionville. The old red house was raised in the fall of 1805, Chester Kimble doing the mason work. Elisha Hitchcock came here in 1809, and in July, 1811, married my

46

SPRANTON CITY CIRECTORY.

OLD SLOCL'M HOUSE.

youngest sister, Euth, who yet lives, in her 76th year, and to whose excel- lent memory I am indebted for very many of the subjoined facts.

The forge had two fires, and one trip-hammer and smith-shop attached, worked by Thomas "Williams, George Worton, Henry Stark, (colored) and John Gorden, foreman, who wrought from the rude ore and iron all the needed implements of the country for many miles away. Mr. Oster was the first collier who supplied the forge with coal. The grist-mill grinding the grain of the Valley, and even of the adjacent country-, was carefully kept in repair by Mr. Hitchcock, who was a clever and skillful mill-wright. A second still was built here, and while the wood-choppers cleared the land about UnionvUle, the place turned out such large quanti- ties of whisky, lumber, iron, flour and feed, as to bring the settlement be" fore the country as one of promise and importance. All transactions here, and all the charges upon my father's day books, bear the name of Union- vUle as late as 1828 ; but it was known far and near as Slocum Holloiu, and named so in 1816, by a jolly Dutchman, named James Snyder. The season of this year was known as the cold season. Little or no corn es- caped the ravages of the frost, which killed everything that could be killed. This Dutchman, who was fond of whisky and convivial sports, employed at the forge, had ever before called the place " Skunk's Misery," but when this frost, with its disastrous breath, froze everything it could reach ; he indignantly exclaimed that this spot " Was fit only for a Slocum to live in, and he should name it Slocum Holler." Father kept many teams on the road carting whisk}^, pork, beef, flour and feed to Easton, Wilkes Barre, Montrose, Paupack, and Bethany. Ox-teams were used to haul coal and ore. About the different works from 30 to 50 men

REMINISCENCES OF SLOCUM HOLLOW. 47

were employed. As the ore began to fail the forge diminished its pro- duct, and June 10th, 1826, the last iron was made in Slocum Hollow, by the Slocums. The last whisky-makers (I wish that there never had been any made afterivards) , were William Johnson and Jacob Meyers, in De- cember, 182G. As business slackened and declining j'cars came over fath- er, and wishing to divide the property, one still-house was abandoned, and a division of the lands efi'octed. April 15th, 1828, I took my father '.s place in business here, in connection with my brother Samuel. The stone- store house, cooper shop, and other improvements, were in a tolerable good condition, excepting two or three log-houses abandoned in 1817. Wo erected a new barn in the rear of the red house, in 1829, and carried on farming and business generally. By father's advice, Mr. Hitchcock put in a tub water -,vheel and ncvf gearing for the mill, which proving a fail- ure, lost the use of the mill for nearly a year. Father's death July 25th, 1832, placed the entire property into the hands of Merritt Slocum, as Ad- ministrator. He turned the still-house into a dwelling, and proceeded to apportion and divide the estate into four shares. Lot No. 1, or saio-mill lot, consisting of 503 acres, valued at $4,415, fell into the hands of Alva and Sylvenas Hcermans, afterwards owned by Messrs. Merrifield, Albro and Rickerson, and from thence passed to the Scrantons. Lot ISTo. 2, ov grint- mill lot, of 372 acres, valued at $7,500, went to Ebenezer Slocum, jr., and Aaron Brown, and after two other changes, was sold to the Scrantons. Lot No. 3, or house lot, of 388 acres, valued at $3,560, and No. 4, or Oriffi.n lot, of 595 acres, valued at $1,700, passed to Joseph and Samuel Slocum conjointly. We dissolved partnership in 1837. I built the saw- mill in 1848, which I afterwards sold the Company, rc-purchascd and re-sold again.

The house where I now reside I built in 1859. My mother died No- vember 1st, 1842, aged 71 years.

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad.

The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Eailroad Company have a capital of about $15,000,000. They own the Railroad running from Great Bend, where it connects with the " Erie Railway," to the Delaware River, a distance of 113 miles. At the Delaware, they connect with the "War- ren Railroad," which they operate under a perpetual lease - it is about 17 miles in length, and connects with the " Central Railroad of New Jersey" at New Hamton Junction, over which their coal is transported a distance of 48 miles to Eliy.abcth Port, at whicli point they are possessed of extensive facilities for stocking and shipping.

I

>

48 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

In addition to this lino of road, they hold under lease the Cayuga and Susquehanna Kailroad, in New York State, running from Owego, on the Erie Kail way, 36 miles west of Great Bend, to Ithaca on Cayuga Lake, a distance of 36 miles. They also run their coal and freight trains over the Erie Kailway to Binghamton and Owego, and from Binghamton to Syracuse, a distance of 80 miles- over the Syracuse, Binghamton and New York Railroad, under perpetual agreement for trackage with the Compa- nies owning those roads.

Their principal shipping ports, at which they are able to ship direct from their ears into vessels or canal boats, and at all of which they have large stocking grounds, are :

1st, Elizabeth Port, from whence the eastern market is mainly sup- plied.

2nd, Port Washington, on the Morris Canal, from whence supplies are shipped to Newark, Paterson, Jersey City, and other points in New Jersey.

3rd, Port Dickinson, near Binghamton, on the Chenango Canal, whence coal is shipped to Utica and other large towns in Eastern and Central New York.

4th, Syracuse, from whence Northern and Western New York is sup- plied, via Erie, and Oswego and Syracuse Canals, and the New York Central Railroad.

5th, Ithaca, on Cayuga Lake, over which, and the Erie Canal, coal is shipped to Western New York.

Besides these primary shipping ports, the Company have largo yards established at various points in the cities of New York and Brooklyn, at Jersey City, N. J., at Rochester, Buffalo and Oswego, in the State of New York, and at Chicago, in Illinois.

The entire shipments of coal during the year 18G6, were a little ovor one million six hundred thousand net tons. Since the 1st of January, 1867, and up to the 1st of May, they have shipped about 525,000 tons, an increase over last year's shipment, during the same time, of more than 100,000 tons.

The shipments for April alone being 150, 000, tons - the largest ever made.

This enormous business requiring about 7,000 coal cars, and 100 first- class locomotive engines, has mainly sprung into existence in the past ten years.

The business of the Company, for the year 1800, gave employment to about 5,000 men, and the total disbursements for the same year, through the hands of H. A. Phelps, Pay Master at Scran ton, amounted to nearly $4,000,000 ; and during the same year large disbursements were made by the Treasurer of the Company in the city of New York, the correct amount of which we have not the present means of ascertaining.

The first of their chaiters, was the incorporation of the " Legget's Gap Railroad Company " in 1832, authorising the construction of a Railroad from Great Bend to the Lackawanna Valley. In 1849, the "Delaware

SKKTCII OF !>., I.., A \V. RR. 4'.'

and Cobb's (iap llrtilroad Company'' wan incorporated, autliorisiiii;- llu' construction of a Railroad from tlio Delaware Kivcr to ?aid Valley, and in 1853 tlieso two companies wore con:;olidatod, nnder the name of ''Tlio Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Jlailroad Company. ' h\ addition to

their coal bu-;incss, their oarninu'i^ CrMni tVeii;ht ami pa^seny-ers in 180'j, were over $1,000,000.

The present oflicers of the Company, with their ]llaee^ of residence, are as follows :

John Brisbin , President Scrauton , I'a . ,

Percy E. Pyne, Vice-President New York City,

A. J. Odcll, Treasurer New York City,

Charles E. Carryl, Secretary New York City,

James Archbald, Chief Engineer Seranton,

Wm. F. Storrs, General Coal Agent Scrauton,

Watts Cook, Superintendent Rolling Stock Seranton,

R. A. Henry, General Freight Agent Seranton,

Wm. F. Halstcad, A.ssistant Superintendent Seranton,

W. R. Humphrey, Superintendent Cayuga Division_Ithaca, N. Y., E. R. Holden, Coal Salesman New York City.

MANAGERS.

William E, Dodge New York City,

Moses Taylor New York City,

George Bulkley New York City,

John I. Blair, Blairsville, N. J.,

Henry Young New York City,

Rufus R. Graves New York City,

Lowell Holbrook New York City,

Simeon B. Chittenden New York City,

Samuel Sloan . New York City,

George Bliss New York City,

Percy R. Pyne, .. Now York City,

Wm. Walter Phelps New.York City,

Joseph H . Seranton Seranton ,

John C. Phelps Wilkes Barre.

Historical Statement of the Rise and Progress of the Machine Shops and Rolling Stock of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad Company, at Seranton.

The concejition of the vast interests of the Delaware, Lackawanna, and

50 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Western Kailroad Company, centered at Scranton, was chiefly due to the late Col. G. W. Scranton, whoso energy resulted in gaining a charter for the Leggit's Gap K. R. Co., and, under his supervision, shops were erected for the business then contemplated, viz ;

The transportation of coal west, via Great Bend, and it was not until the year 1851 that the Company became merged into the D., L., & W. 11. R. Co., and in the year 1852 and 1853 to its present corporate name.

In the year 1854 the shops of the Company consisted of one brick build- ing on Washington Avenue in the form of an E, the main building being 210 feet long by 75 feet in width, the two wings being each 200 feet long by 55 feet wide. The main building being used for a Smith and Pattern Shop, Office, Engine and Boiler Eoom, the west wing for repairs and building of cars, and the east wing for the repairs of engines and engine house.

In the year 1855 the addition of an Iron Foundry was made to the foregoing, on the same street, 75 feet in length by 44 feet in width, also an engine house 225 feet in diameter, the whole being covered with a dome 98 feet high, and capable of holding 30 engines.

This building is situated on the north ends of the east and west wings, and was not completed until the year 1856, at which time the wing here- tofore used in part as an engine house was* vacated for that purpose, and thereafter used wholly for repairing engines.

During the years from 1857 to 18G0 no material change was made, but as the business of the shops increased in consequence of an increasing business of the road, a like increase of shop-room was found to be nccccs- sary, and an addition in size 100 x 100 feet was made between the two wings adjoining the engine house.

In the year 1862 the ever increasing business of the Company required yet more shop capacity, and a Smith Shop was erected on the south side of Washington Avenue, adjacent to the beforementionod buildings, in size 50 X 180 feet, in which was put a steam hammer and some 32 forges, to which all the smiths were removed from the main building, which tliere- after was u.sed for repairing engines and cars.

In the further progress of events, the additions named being yet too small, and as room was not to be found for further additions in the im- mediate vicinity of the shops, it was concluded by the Company to pur- chase the ground remaining between Washington Avenue andClift'St., and north of the other shops named, and erect additional buildings thereon.

These buildings were commenced in 1865. The Hound House is 300 feet in diameter, and is open in its center, depth of stalls under cover 67 feet, number of tracks 40. Tiie inside circle or front is of cast iron, out- .side walls of brick. Roof consists of iron rafters with white pine purlines, pine matched roof boards covered with slate, and is considered almost lire proof This building was completed and used in July, 1866.

i

UISTOEY OF MACniXE SHOPS OF D., L., A: W. RR. CO. 51

The present Machine Shops were commenced at the same time as tlio Eound House. The main building being 270 feet in width and two stories liigh. The lower .*tory containing 11 tracks for rojiairing engines.

The second story for Pattern Shop, Carpenter, Tin and Copper Smith Shops, and Offices.

There arc also two wings running south of the m;iiii building 200 x 7-3 feet. The east wing is used for a Sniitli and Boiler Shop, the former con- taining 21 forges. The west wing is occupied witl> tools, such as Lathes, rianing Machines, Drill Presses, &c. The engine which drives the nutchinery is located in the south end of this wing, has a cj'linder 18 x 80 inches, and was made by the Dickson Manufg. Co.

Tlie capacity of these shops is equal in room for the employment of about 330 men, and doing the repairs of at least 120 locomotives.

The character of engines used by this Company are, as a class, tlie hea- viest known to any road in the States, which is owing to the characti^r of the road and business. It may be interesting to add, that, in going ei- ther north or south by this road, a grade of 75 feet per mile iti encoun- tered, and out of 101 engines now in use by and owned by the Company, they have but 9 known as 8 wheel or Passenger engines, the remaining portion being 10 wheel engines, weighing, when in running order, 76,000 to 82,000 lbs. Sixty-one of this latter class burn anthracite coal, and the balance wood, and in view of the greater economy of coal for fuel, the question naturally arises, Why is wood used at all ? The answer to which ^s, that the successful use of coal for locomotive engines has been obtained at a comparatively recent date. The first anthracite coal burner came on the road in 1854, and was built upon the plan at that time adopted by tlie - Philadelphia & Eeading Pv. E. Co.

The boiler had about 20 feet grate surface and two sets of flues, with what was known as a center combustion chamber. She failed to make steam on tlie long and heavy grades to be overcome, and, as the Southern Division of the road was about to be opened for business, it was thouglit best by the Company to use wood as fuel, and in the mean time exjiori- ment witli the engine they had. In the year 1857 they succeeded in get- ing coal burners to work satisfactorily, since whicli time all engines pur- chased by the Company have been built to burn coal, and as f:ist as prac- ticable, they are altering the wood burners to coal.

In the year 18G5 the large dome on the first Kound House built by the Companj', wliich added somewhat to the looks of the city, was found to be settling, and on examination was found unsafe and was taken down. The building was altered so that at present it is used for an engine house holding 30 engines.

The Company, finding their Iron Foundry too small for their largo in- crease of business, are now laying the foundation for one 100 x 100 feet, with facility for makinjoj about 10 tons of engine and car castings per day.

It might be interesting to some to know that the Company now have

52 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

running under engines and cur-s no less than 33,000 journals, all of which are to be kept in order at the shop of which we have given a slight discription.

The following will give, at a glance, the increase in the Company's shops since the year 1854. They at that time employed 188 men. Number Locomotive Engines 13, No. Passenger and Baggage Cars 10, No. House and Platform Cars 60, No. Coal Cars 854. They now employ 650 men. No. Locomotive Engiiies 101, No. Passenger and Baggage Cars 22, No. House and Platform Cars 718, No. Coal Cars 6182. The consumption of Lumber used in repairing and building cars in the year 1866 was 2,571,- 300 feet. Amount of castings made in the same year was 2493 tons.

Delaware & Hudson Railroad and Canal.

The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, the western terminus of whose Railroad is in the City of Scranton, had its origin in this State, under an act of the Legislature, passed in March, 1828, granting author- ity to Maurice Wurts, to "Improve the navigation of the River Lacka- wanna."

In April following, the State of New York passed an act incorporating the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, with authority to cut a canal and make a complete slack water navigation between the rivers Delaware and Hudson.

In April, 1825, the Legislature of Pennsylvania authorized the Dela- ware and Hudson Canal Company, by and with the consent of Maurice Wurts, to improve the navigation of the river Lackawanna, in the man- ner provided by the act of March, 1823.

The object of the projectors of this enterprise was to open an outlet to the seaboard, from the rich anthracite coal fields of tl\is valley. The canal was built from Rondout, on the Hudson River, to the forks of the Lackawanna, (now Honsdalc), and from thence a Railroad crossing the Moosic Mountain, to the coal beds on the Lackawanna River, near Ragged Island, (now Carbondale).

Both Railroad and Canal as originally constructed, were uf small ca- pacity, as compared with the present magnitude of these works ; nor had the originators of the scheme any adequate idea of the immen-se tonnage destined to be passed over the line of their improvements.

The first shipment of coal by this route was made in 1829, during which year seven thousand tons were sent to market. From that time onward the Company have been steadily increasing their business and the capac- ity of their works, until in 18G6, their total business in coal mined and

DEr.AAVARE AXl) HC'DSOX RAII.K'lAD AND CAXAL. .'j^

forwarded, aui'Miiitod tu nearly ], GOO, 000 net tons, to wliieh i> to bo added u large and rapidly inereasiuii; pa.-'senger and iniscellaneou.s freight busines.?.

The paid up rapital stock of the Conii)any, $10,000,000, divided into 100,000 .share.^ of the i)ar value of $100 each.

Tlie business of this Company for the year IS'IO, gave steady employ- ment to 8,309 men and boys, and the total disbursements for the same tituc amounted to between $6,000,000 and $7,000,000.

The Kailroad as originally constructed from Honsdale to Carbondule, a distance of sixteen miles, was a single track, laid with a light strap rail, spiked on longitudinal stringers. The cars had four wheels each, and had hardly one-half the carrying capacity of those now in use. The motive power employed was hor.ses, with the exception of the inclined planes, as- cending the mountains from the Lackawanna, which wore operated with stationary engine.?, the loaded cars being lowered down the eastern slope of the mountain to Waymart, 1)3' inclined pianos worked with hempen ropes, the motion being regulated by brakes, and the greater weight of the loaded cars in passing down the long plane.', raising up the empty ones.

This Company have the honor, however, of having introduced to this country, and of running a short distance on their Kailroad, the first loco- motive engine ever worked in America. This locomotive, called the "Stourbridge Lion,'' was built in England, of the best workmanship and material, and most approved pattern of that date. As compared with tlic powerful, compact, and simply constructed engines of the present day, it was complicated, unwieldy, topheavy, and of inconsiderable power.

It was soon found that the road track had not sufficient strength to ad- mit of being traversed by the locomotive, and it was switched oif - a house built over it, and after many yeai-s of idleness, taken to pieces.

Subsequently, the Railroad was changed to », gravity road, which neces- sitated a double track. Extensions of the road were made from time to time down the Valley of the Lackawanna ; first, to Archbald, then to Olj-phant, afterwards to Providence, and lately to Scranton, its present terminus, near which it connects with the Union Coal Company's Eail- road leading to Wilkes Barre, and there connecting with the Lehigh Val- ley Railroad, aiwl the system of roads running to the south and west.

The length of the main line of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad is thirty-two miles, mostly double tracked. Its motive power now consists of twenty-eight stationary engines, five locomotives and four gravity planes.

"Whole length of Canal, lOS miles, with an additional three miles of slack water navigation.

Width of Canal at surface water line, 48 feet; depth of water, six feet. It has one hundred and nine locks, 100 feet by fifteen feet wide.

This Company, the pioneer in developing the coal interests of this Val- ley, from small beginnings, has risen to be one of the largest, wealthiest, and most respected institutions in the country, and throughout the

54 SCRANTOX CITY DIRECTORY.

entire section traversed hx its improvements, it lias the entire confi- dence of the community in an eminent degree, which its management has earned by an unbroken record of prompt, honorable dealing in all its transactions, public and private.

The following is a li>t of officers, with their places of business :

PRE.SENT OFFICERS.

George Talbot Olyphant, President, Nev^r York.

Thos. Dickson, Vice-President and General Superintendent, Scranton.

E. W. Weston, Superintendent Coal Department, Providence.

11. Manville, Superintendent Eailroad Department, Carbondale.

Col. F. Young, Superintendent Canal Department, Honesdale.

General Office - Na.ssau Street, New York.

General Superintendent's Office, Scranton.

Coal Department Office, Scranton.

Eailroad Office, Carbondale.

Canal Office , Honesdale.

Lackawanna & Bloomsburgh Eailroad.

This road commences at Scranton and extends to Northumberland, a distance of eighty miles, having no double track ; but from Scranton to Plymouth, a distance of about twenty-one miles, it lias a third rail laid to al- low the passage of coal trains belonging to the Delaware, Lackawanna, & Western Piailroad Company, to and from their coal mines, in the vicinity of Kingston and Plymouth.

The amount of stock authorized by their charter is $1,900,000. The amount of stock subscribed for and paid up is $1,335,000. The total cost of construction and equipment was $3,812,1-13.04. The number of shares of capital stock is 28,700, at a par value of $50 per share. The total amount of its funded and floating debt was, in November, 1860, $2,470,- 525. They have nine engine houses and shops ; twenty-one locomotive engines; six first-class passenger cars, seventy-five freight cars, and one thousand two hundred coal cars. Their track is laid on a solid founda- tion of gravel, ballast, and cross-ties. The amount of anthracite coal transported during the year 1866 was about 600,000 tons, and other freight amounted to 181,749 tons.

Names and residence of officers :

Dirertors. llosidences.

Moses Taylor New York City,

John I. Blair Jilairstown, N. J.,

John Brisbin . Scranton, Pa.,

LACKA'SVAXNA AND BLOOMSBITROII KATLROAn. 55

James Blair Scranton, Pa.,

Joseph H. Scranton Scranton, Pa.,

J. J. Albright, Scranton, Pa.,

A. H. Rej-nolds Kingston, Pa ,

Samuel Hoyt Kingston, Pa.,

Thomas F. Athcrton Wilkes Ijarre, Pa.,

John C.Phelps Wilkes Barre, Pa.,

Payne Pettibone Wyoming, Pa.,

D. G. Driesbach Beach Haven, Pa.,

James Archbakl, President Scranton, Pa.,

John C. Phelps, Vice-President Wilkcs-Barre, Pa.

John P. Ilsley, Sec'y and Treasurer Kingston, Pa.,

H. A. Fonda, Superintendent Kingston, Pa.

Union Railroad

Now in course of completion, connecting at Wilkes Barro with tlie Lehigh & Susquehanna and the Lehigh Yalle}- Eailroads, and at Scranton with the Delaware & Hudson llaih'oad, and at no remote day anticipate connecting with the Albany & Susquehanna Railroad.

This Road of some twenty miles in length, is an important link, con- necting the extreme south and tlic remote north, with the unbroken guage of 4 ft. 82 in. roads. This road was commenced in the fall of 18GG, and is expected to be completed about the 1st of June, 18G7, and in the unpre- cedented short time of about nine months, and will afford another outlet for the coal from the lower portion of the Wyoming Valley to tide- water, through the Delaware & Hudson Canal, at Rondout. It was pro- jected and carried out by a few enterprising gentlemen from New York and elsewhere, foremost among whom was E. A. Quintard, of the City of New York.

The officers are - E. A. Quintard, President, New York ; S. L. Crosby, Treasurer, New Ym-k ; ,Jos. J. Albright, General Agent, Scranton, Pa.

The Dickson Manufacturing Company.

This cstabli-^hment was organized in 185(), under the lirni name of Dickson & Co.

Ground was broken for their building'^ I'U the 29th of January, and tlie Foundry and Macliino Shop were in full o]ieration on the 1-t of May f"!- lowinrr.

56 SC'RANTON CITY DIRECTOKY.

During that year they made a contract with the Dchiware & Hudson Canal Company, for the building of the engines and boilers for the now Itailroad over the Moosic Mountain. This work being well and substan- tially built, established tlie reputation of the firm as " engine builders."

During the following year, 1857, the great financial panic occurred, prostrated nearly every branch of industry in the conntrj-. but was suc- cessfully weathered by this firm

In 1862, a special charter was obtained from the Legi.^ature of Penn- sylvania, and the business has been conducted from that time to the pres- ent, under the name and style of "The Dickson Manufacturing Com- pany;" the capital stock at its organization being $200,000, which has been increased from time to time, as their operations have been extended, until it has reached $500,000.

In 1802, the " Clifl:" Works"' were purchased, and the manufacture of locomotives and cars added to their business.

In 1864, the " Planing Mill," adjoining the Cliff AVork.s', was pur- chased, and the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, etc., was entered up- on, and large quantities of lumber are manufactured and sold eacli year in this department.

In the spring of 1860, the Company purcliased the Foundry and Ma- chine Shops of Messrs. Lanning & Marshall, at "Wilkes Barre, for the purpose of establishing a branch at that point. Large additions have since been made to the property, - new tools and fixtures added, making it a first-class establishment, and capable of employing several hundred men.

The operations of the Company now extend over the whole county, giving employment to an aggregate of over five hundred mechanics.

While the operations of the Company embrace a diversity of manufac- turers, their main attention is given to Mining Machinery, and the man- ufacture of Stationary and Locomotive Engines and Cars.

The machinery erected for mining purposes by this Company has placed this region far in advance of any other in the economy of mining and preparing coal, and has resulted in earning for the Manufacturing Company a reputation which few establishments of the kind ever attain.

Locomotives built by the Company are being used upon several of the most prominent Kailroads of the country, and are giving good satisfaction.

The Company contemplate erecting a new and commodious brick Foundry at their main shops, (to take the place of the present one, which is of wood), during the present season. Considerable additions will also be made to their stock of tools.

In brief, it is their intention to give their patrons no cause to complain of any lack of promptness in the manufacture or delivery of work en- trusted to them, as the Management arc liberal in their appropriations for new appliances, when the occasion seems to reqviire it.

The following are the officers of the Company :

THE DICKSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 57

PresideAit - Thomas Dickson Scranton.

Vice-President - John C. Phelps Wilkos-Barre.

General Agent - Geo. L. Dickson Scranton.

General Si(perlnicnde7it - John A. Dickson . Scranton.

Secretary and Treasurer - AVm. H. Perkins Scranton.

Superintendent - S. E. Marshall Wilkos-Barre.

Agent - John S. Law Wilkos-Barre.

The Pennsylvania Coal Company.

Early in 1847, a number of gentlemen, principally stockholders in the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company, associated themselves together under the name and style of the '' Wyoming Coal Association," forthe purpose of buying lands, with a view ultimately of mining coal and shipping to New York, via the Delaware & Hudson Canal, which they proposed to reach at or near Wallonpaupack Creek, in Wayne county. In August of the same year, their plans were so far matured that they entered into articles of agreement with the Delaware & Hudijon Companj', for the permanent transportation of coal upon their Canal. With this in view, Mr. James Archbald, the Superintendent and Engineer of the Delaware and Hudson Company, was selected as Engineer, and under his general direction the surveys for the proposed Eailroad, from the canal to the coal fields, were begun, in the summer of 1847. These surveys were con- ducted, and the construction of the Road commenced, under a charter granted to Wm. H. Dimmick and other citizens of Honesdale, in 1838, incorporating them under the title of the " Washington Coal Company." This charter came into the hands of the association, through the purchase of a large body of lands located in the present borough of Dunmore, then held by Messrs. William and Charles Wurts of Philadelphia.

I5y the close of the year 1847, the route of the eastern portion of the Eoad was determined upon, and a point at the junction of Middle Creek with the Lackawaxen selected as the terminus. Here a large and commo- dious basin was constructed in connection with the Delaware and Hudson Canal ; and the water at Middle Creek brouglit in at a suitable elevation, to form a water ])Ower sufficient for the various labor of hoisting, screen- ing, and otherwise preparing the coal for market. Here also the car-shops of the Association were built, and a machine shop and foundry erected. A busy town soon sprang up, filling the narrow Valleysof the Lackawaxen and Middle Creek, and reaching up the steep slopes of the hill-sides. This, in honor of the executive officer of the Association, was called Hawlcy.

These improvements, as well as the eastern j ortion of the Road, were

58 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

under the immediate supervision of Mr. Gideon Frothingham, Who brought to his work a life of experience as an engineer and a more than usual enthusiasm for professional duties. While the works we have men- tioned were in progress, the surveys were extended over the Moosic Mountain, into the Lackawanna and Susquehanna Valleys, and the con- struction of the Road begun early in 1849. This part of the work was under the immediate charge of Mr. Wm. R. Maftet, a young engineer, who in the service of the Lehigh Company had acquired experience as an engineer of gravity roads.

The machinery of the Road, consisting of the stationary engines and other arrangements requisite for hoisting the coal from the mines, and taking the loaded and light cars over the inclined planes, and the neces- sary apparatus for separating, screening, and delivering the coal, was under the charge of Mr. John B. Smith, who supervised its construction, from the crude metal to the finished engine, and finally placed it in posi- tion to commence its life of labor, which sixteen years of almost constant service seems but to have begun.

The land purchases of the association were extended southward in Wyoming Valley, nearly to what was then the north line of the Wilkes- Barre Township. By the purchase of the interest of Mr. James W. Johnson, upon whose land the present thriving borough of Pittston is located, they came into possession of a charter granted by the Legislature in 1838, incorporating James W. Johnson, Charlg^ T. Pierson, Charles Fuller, and associates, under the style and title of the " The Pennsylvania Coal Company." It is somewhat remarkable that this charter was granted by the same act of the Assembly which incorporated the Wash- ington Coal Companj'. The two charters, coming into the hands of the Association through sources so different, were by a further act of 1849 incorporated into one - " The Pennsylvania Coal Company" - which was then adopted as the working charter of the Association, and by which title they have since been known. By subsequent acts of the Legislature the Company were authorized to hold all the lands owned by the Wash- ington Coal Company and the Wyoming Coal Company. Later acts have added to these privileges, until the Company are now authorized to hold 12,000 acres of land, exclusive of that derived through the above named sources.

The road was completed in the spring of 1850, and the first coal sent forward in May of that year. During the season 111,014 tons were sent forward ; the newly opened mines at Dunmore and Pittston not being then capable of greater production. In the season of 1851, 31G,017 tons were sent forward, which was about three-fourths the quantity shipped by the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company during the same year.

An agreement was entered into between the two Companies, termina- ble on the first day of May of any year, by six months in-evious notice

rKNNSVLVAXlA fOAL COMrANY. TO

from either party, by wliich the coal sent forward by the I'eniisylvaiihi Coal Company was sold by the Delaware & Hudson Company. Under this agreement, the shipments of 1850 and 1851 were sold by the Dela- ware & Hudson Company. The Pennsylvania Coal Company, conceiving tliut this agreement bore upon its interests unequally, terminated tlie agreement on the first daj'^of Maj', 1852. Soon after the opening of canal navigation for that year, ditlerences of opinion arose as to the rightful interpretation of the original contract between the Canal Company and the "\V'3'oming Coal Association, fixing the rates of toll. The question was referred by the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company to the courts of Pennsylvania and New York for decision; thus beginning a litigation which has lasted to the present time.

The shipments, increased yearly to meet the increasing demand, were in 1853, 512,659 - 18,332 tons greater than those of the parent Company for the same year - \a 1860, nearly a half greater - the total for that year being 701,523 tons. During the j-ear 1864, 758,587 tons were sent for. ward ; being the highest production in any one year. The total ship- ments for the sixteen years - 1850 to 1866 inclusive, were 9,308,396 tons, an average of 581,775 tons per year.

The figures hei'e given, indicate the actual shipments from Hawley,and are exclusive of country sales and the quantities used about the Company's mines and road - these two sources consuming about 60,000 tons per annum.

The course of litigation upon which these two companies entered in 1852, continually increased in extent, branched off in various shapes, and seemed almost interminable, and in 1862 there was added to it a legal proceeding by the State authorities of Pennsylvania, upon request of the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company, seeking to annul the contract, as being against public policy and beyond the chartered powers of the two companies. This was finally decided in favor of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, but while it was on foot tnat company, in view of the proceed- ing and the other extensive litigation then pending and the unpleasant relations growing out of it, and partly with a view to increasing the amount of their business and securing also the advantage of winter trans- portation, determined to obtain another outlet to market for their coal, and accordingly concluded a contract with the Erie Piailway Company, by which provision was made for the construction of a branch railroad from Hawlcy to the Lackawaxen Station on the Erie road, a distance of sixteen miles, and a permanent arrangement was made for the transpor- tation of the Company 's coal over the Erie Railway to Newburg on the Hudson river and to Jersey City.

During 1862 and the following year this branch road was constructed, and it was opened for business in the Fall of 1863 ; and in pursuance of the original agreement, is leased and run bj' the Erie I'ailway Com- pany. Ample deposit grounds have been secured at Newburg and

60 SCRANTOX CITY DIRECTORY.

Jersey City, and machinery erected ; and a large portion of the Company's production since has been sent forward by this route.

The location of the machine and car shops at Hawley has already been mentioned ; this location was afterwards found to be very inconvenient, because of its distance from the mines. Consequently, when the original wooden buildings required renewing, it was thought advisable to build entirely new and enlarged buildings at a more suitable point. The pres- ent location at Dunmore was selected and the fine stone buildings now in use erected. At these shops the Company manufactures every description of machinery required upon its road and about its mines ; also, all its coal and freight cars.

The Company employs an average of about 2,723 men, exclusive of boatmen, who are distributed as follows :

Pittston mines 1670

" other duties 78

Dunmore mines 220

" shops 122

" screens 12tj

" other duties 63

Hawley, dumping, etc 164

On line of road 279

The Kailroad is essentially the same as that of the Delaware & Hudson Company, except that locomotives are not used on any portion of it ; and consists of a series of ascending and descending planes, the ascending having a general grade of one foot in ten, or five hundred and twenty-eight feet per mile, and the descending of 44 feet per mile. The cars are drawn up the planes by three stationary engines, of fifty horse power each, placed at the head of the plane, and then descend the " level" by their own gravity. For the information of those who may bo curious regard- ing such details, we add the following :

Length of loaded track. Port Griffith to Hawley 47 miles.

No. of ascending planes 12

Total height that loaded cars are raised 1876 feet.

Height of summit of mountain above Port Griffith 1400 feet.

" Hawley " " '- 329 feet.

Longest descending plane, loaded 14 12-100 m.

Empty car track, Hawley to Port Griffith 47 miles.

No. of ascending planes 10

Longest descending plane 20 72-100 m.

Guage of track 4 ft. 3 inches.

Average Aveight of coal car 4400 pounds.

" capacity " " 4 tons.

This kind of a road is open to the objection that a break at one point of an engine, a shaft, or a rope, severs the chain and stops all traffic until that is repaired ; but at the same time the experience of the past ten years has shown that the road can be relied upon for a smaller average of delays than a locomotive road located in the bottoms of deep valleys,

PENXSYLVAKIA COAL COMPANY. Gl

while it is certain that roads oft he hitter cLiss, encountering steep grades, cannot be worked so cheaply as a gravity road.

The working capacitj' of this road, as at present constructed, is equal to 1,200,000 tons per annum, and could be easily increased to two million tons per annum, should the necessities of the Company require it, by doubling the planes of the loaded track.

The Company have at this time, upon their own lands, eleven shafts, four slopes, and four adits or tunnels, besides two shafts and one slope on lands leased by them - in all twenty-two openings, with a mining capaci- ty of over four thousand tons per day, or one million two hundred thou- sand tons per annum. They mine all the coal sent by their road - pur- chasing none from other parties.

The coal fields of this Company are generally considered as among the most valuable owned by any one corporation in the Wj^oming Coal ba- sin. They consist at present of over eight thousand acres of coal land, about two thousand of which occupy the western portion of the borough of Dunmore. The remaining six thousand acres, located in "Wyoming Valley, extend from the mouth of the Lackawanna nearly to the borough of Wilkes-Barre, and are underlaid by large veins of the purest anthra- cite. Besides this, the Company have nearly ten thousand acres of wood land, some eight thousand of which, being heavily timbered, are care- full}^ preserved against a future day of need.

The Capital Stock of the Company is $3,200,000, besides $600,000 of bonded debt. With this amount of money the original real estate was purchased, roads constructed, mines opened, &c., &c. All expenditures since for extension of Railway, purchase of lands, &c., &c., have been met out of the current earnings, besides paying regular dividends.

On the organization, in 1849, under the Pennsylvania Coal Company's charter, Mr. AVm. R. Griffith was elected President. He was succeeded in 1850 by Mr. Irad Hawley, who in turn was succeeded by Mr. John Ewen, in 1852, who has since retained the position.

On the opening of the road in 1850, Mr. Archbald was the General Superintendent - dividing his time between the Pennsylvania Coal and Delaware & Hudson Canal Companies. Mr. Mafltett was placed in charge of the Eoad, Mr. Smith of the Machinery, and Mr. Hosic of the depart- ment of Mines at Pittston, and Mr. Bryden that of Dunmore. Mr. Smith soon after succeeded Mr. Maffett in charge of the Road, and on the resig- nation of 3Ir. Archbald, in 1854, to take charge of the engineering de- partment of the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana R. R., was promoted to the vacant position, which he has since retained.

The officers of the Company at the present time are

President John Ewen.

Secretary P^dwin H. Mead.

Treasurer George A. Hoyt.

Gen. S/ipt. of the ComjHim/s works in Penn^a John 15. Smith.

;

62 SCRANTOX CITY DIRECTORY.

Superi7itendents of Mines at Pittston I ^} ^iV''^"^"'^'V''''

-^ \ And'w Bryden.

Superhiiendent of Mines at Dunmore William Bryden.

Shipping Agent at Hawley Stanley Gaines.

Engineer and Land Agent George Johnson.,

Roaring Brook Colliery,

Mr. a. B. Galatian - Dear Sir : In reply to yours, asking for information relative to my mining operations in the valley, would state :

I commenced mining operations in 1851, and managed the Black Dia- mond Colliery, at "Wilkes-Barre, three years ; came to this place in 1856, built the works known as the StaiTord's Brook, managed it successfully four 3' ears ; it is now under the management of the Messrs. Connell. In the Spring of 1862 I opened a tunnel at Plj'mouth and managed it suc- cessfully two years. In the Fall of 18G3 the firm of Hunt, Davis, & Co. was formed , and about the middle of November of the same year commenced to build the works now known as the Koaring Brook Colliery, located midway between Planes No. 6 and No. 7 on the Pennsylvania road near Dunmore. This company commenced shipping- coal the 20th June, 1864, being about seven months from the time the works were commenced, and shipped some 60,000 tons the same year. In 1865 we shipped over 90,000, and in 18G6 shipped 125,000 tons. The shipments for the present year will probably amount to 140,000 tons.

In February, 1865, Hunt, Davis, & Co. dissolved and formed into the Iloaring Brook Coal Co., Mr. Hunt becoming President, W. D. Briggs Secretary and Treasurer, and myself General Superintendent, which organization exists at the presnt time. I have just completed a first class colliery belonging to the Mineral Spring Coal Company, of which I am Superintendent, located on the Parsons propertj^ near Wilkes-Barre, which company was organized on the 13th June inst. and bids fair to be a successful operation.

llespectfully yours, &c., J. K. Davis.

Scranton, June 20, 1867.

Lackawanna Iron & Coal Company.

The Lackawanna Iron & Coal Company, incorporated June lOtb, 1853, manufacture Forge and Foundry Pig, IJailroad Iron, Car Axles, and Merchant Bar. Their works, located in the City of Scranton, are known as the " Lackawanna Iron Works." The present officers are

President - Joseph H. Scranton,

Treasurer - David S. Dodge,

Secretary - Edward C. Lynde,

Assista,nt Treasurer - Edward P. Kingsbury,

LACKA'O'ANNA IRON AND COAL COMPANY. 63

Real Estate A(/C7it ami Store Keeper - Josepli C. Piatt, General Superintendent - Charles F. Mattes.

In July, 1840, several members of the present Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company purchased the jiresent site of the City of Scranton. The })lace at that time consisted of live small dwellings, a grist-mill, saw-mill, cooper-shop, and school house. The foundations of the first Blast Fur- nace, now in ruins, were laid in September, 1840, and after several in- eifectual attempts in 1841, was finally blown in, January 18th, 1842 ; making no iron of consequence for the ensuing two weeks ; after that, the Furnace began to work fairly, and the blast was continued until February 2Cth, when the heating oven gave out, having run five and a half weeks, making in all seventy-five and a half tons Pig Iron. The Rolling Mill buildings were commenced in ^lay, 1844, and here in July, 1847, \.\\q first Stationary Steam Engine was started in the Lackawanna and Wyoming Valleys, between Carbondale and Wilkes-Barre, where now not less than five to six hundred are in constant operation - this Company having thirty - in the prosecution of their business.

They have four Blast Furnaces, built in 1848, 1852, and 1854. Nos. 1 and 2 being eighteen feet each, in the bosh ; No. 3, nineteen feet ; No. 4, twenty feet ; all fifty feet high. They are blown by four low pressure beam engines ; Nos. 1 and 2 having steam cylinders fifty-four inches in diameter and blowir.g cylinders eighty-six inches in diameter; Nos. 3 and 4, steam cylinders fifty-eight inches in diameter, and blowing cylin- ders ninety-three inches in diameter, all ten feet stroke, - built by I. P. Morris & Co., of Philadelphia - the steam being generated entirelj- by waste heat.

Three of the Furnaces, Nos. 2, 3, and 4, are now in blast. No. 3 Fur- nace made in one week in February, 1862, 375^ tons pig metal, the largest week's product ever made by any Anthracite furnace in this country.

The aggregate productive capacity of all these furnaces is about 60,000 tons per annum.

The Puddling and Rolling Mills of the Company comprise - the former one building, one hundred and fifty by ninety feet, containing twenty furnaces ; one building, three hundred by ninety feet, containing thirty- two furnaces ; one building, four hundred and fifty by eighty-two feet, containing twenty-eight furnaces, and three high train puddle rolls ; in all, eighty furnaces, with steam boilers over each ; the main Rolling 31111 building is five hundred by one hundred and forty feet, with fifteen heat- ing furnaces, six trains of three high rolls, ten steam engines, and one seven ton Nasmyth steam hammer. These mills have a productive ca- pacity of 35,000 tons finished iron per annum ; principally Railroad bars.

This Company have also a Steam vSaw Mill, Grist Mill, Foundry, Ma- chine Shop, Carpenter Shop, Car and "Wheelwright Shop, and Brick Yard - all used in the prosecution of their business.

64 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Attached to the works are about seven thousand acres of coal and timber lands, with two hundred and fifty tenement houses for workmen. About 150,000 tons of coal are mined annually, nearly all of which is consumed at the works.

The Lackawanna Petroleum Company.

This Company was first organized in Scranton, on the 28th April, 1865, under the general Act of Assembly passed in 1863, and takes its name from the fact that the majority of the Stockholders reside in the Lackawanna Valley and its principal ofiice is in this City. The Capital Stock of the Company is $500,000, the par value of each share $5.

The first meeting elected Elisha Phinney, George Fisher, T. F. Hunt, Samuel Sherrerd, and William Matthews, Directors. Elisha Phinney, President; Alfred Hand, Secretary and Treasurer ; and William Skelton.) Superintendent.

The Real Estate of the Company consists of thirty-four acres of land on Shafer Eun, in Venango County, and the undivided half of one hundred and forty acres in Clarion County. Since its organization the Company has been engaged in sinking Wells, and at present has two Wells in active operation. No. 1 Well has been sunk to a depth of seven hundred and eighty-five feet at a cost of $10,139.43, and yields fifteen barrels of oil per day. This Well has yielded this steadily since December, 1865. No. 2 Well has been sunk to a depth of nine hundred and eight feet at a cost of $8,533.15, and yields fifty-five barrels of oil per day. The Ma- chinery of the Company is in good condition, the wells cased, and every convenience for cheaply and permanently working them has been adopted by the Company. The Company have spared no expense in testing their property in Venango and the result has warranted their expenditures. The first dividend of five cents per share was declared April 25th, 1867, out of the net earnings of the Company. The Company has no debt and anticipates a reasonable return in the shape of dividends for the invest- ment. The present officers are Elisha Phinney, Sanford Grant, Charles SchUlger, George Coray, William Matthews, Directors. Elisha Phinney, President ; Alfred Hand, Secretary and Treasurer ; William Skelton, Superintendent.

Finch & Co.'s Scranton City Foundry & Machine Works.

These works are situated on the Hyde Park side of the Lackawanna, a short distance above the railroad bridge. They were established in 1856 by Mr. A. P. Finch, who at that time was connected with the Clifi" works

finch's foundry and machine "WORKS. 65

then a horse shoe factory. The grounds were purchased from Mr. AVm. Swetland, and comprise about eighteen city lots, with a front of something over two hundred and forty feet on the railroad.

The main buildings are two stories in height, one hundred and forty feet long by fort}' wide, with additio^s running back, which contain the boilers, heavy iron planer, core oven, &c. There is also a boiler shop, thirty by fifty feet, with rolls, shears, punching machine, and all the tools requisite in boiler making. In the rear of the grounds is a separate building, stored with valuable patterns. In the spring of 1857 Mr. B. G. Morss, of Red Falls, N. Y., became associated with Mr. Finch in the business, and, until the spring of 1865, they carried on a general foundry and machine business under the firm name of Finch & Mors.s. At that time Mr. I. A. Finch purchased Mr. Morss's interest, and the firm was changed to Finch & Co. Both members of the present firm arc practical engineers and machinists of long experience, and give their personal supervision to the planning, construction, and setting up of all their work.

Mr. A. P. Finch has had nearly thirty years experience as proprietor and manager, and has kept even pace with the times in all the improve- ments appertaining to his business. Among the latest of his inventions is a turbine water wheel, now attracting much attention from mill owners, which is said to yield a greater per cent, of the power of water used, than any other wheel.

The machinery of their establishment is driven by a twenty-five horse power engine of their own make, a neat, plain machine, which moves so smoothly and silently that not the slightest click or jar is audible as it faithfully performs its work. They have lathes, boring, drilling, turning, and planing machines, capable of doing the heaviest class of work, and arc doing a thriving business in the manufacture of stationary and portable engines and mining machinery, and are largely engaged in the manufac- ture of circular saw mills of undoubted superiority. Many handsome fronts on Lackawanna Avenue attest the excellence of this firm's building castings. They have now in process of construction a heavy iron front for the elegant hotel now being erected by Mr. Jacob Robinson on the corner of Lackawanna and Franklin Avenues. An efiicient corps of good workmen arc emploj'ed by Messrs. Finch and Co., and they are doubtless willing that their work should be the criterion whereby a discriminating public may judge them. ,

Maclaren's Brass Foundry,

located on CliflT Street, near the Stone Bridge. This is one of the most extensive Brass Foundries in this section of Pennsylvania. It is owned and the business is conducted by John Maclaren, a thorough practical

'66 SCRANTOX CITY DIRECTORY.

mechanic, who has no superior in the manufacture of Brass Cocks and Globe Valves and all kinds of Brass work used by Engineers, Plumbers, Coppersmiths, Brewers, and Distillers. Six years ago he commenced business in a 7x9 room in the town of Pittston, where he was his own core-boy, moulder, and finisher. He at once established a reputation i\s a superior worker and finisher of Brass work, that commanded the attention of parties (and received their patronage,) who had previously purchased all such work in New York or Philadelphia. On the first of January, 1866, he purchased the property in Cliff Street on which he erected a substantial brick building, where he has in operation six beautiful improved Lathes, Polishing and Lapping Machines, propelled by machinery, employing about ten men. His business has steadily increased, so that his establishment has become one of the largest of the kind in this section of the country, and is a credit to the city of Scranton. All work done at his manufactory is executed under his immediate per- sonal supervision, so that his patrons can rely upon getting a superior article of Brass work. His establishment is well worthy of a visit from those who need articles in his line.

The Scranton Stove and Manufacturing Company.

This company was organized in July, 1865, under the name of " Fisher t% Co. " The first manufactured articles were produced in December of the same year. In May, 1866, there were added to the Company, A. E. Hunt, C. H. Dowd, W. G. Dowd, Sanford Grant, and J. A. Price - the capital stock was increased, and the Company then incorporated under a Board of Directors consisting of PI. S. Pierce, T. F. Hunt, A. E. Hunt, C. H. Dowd, W. G. Dowd, S. Grant, and J. A. Price. At the first meeting of the Directors, H. S. Pierce was elected President and J. A. Price General Superintendent and Treasurer. Under the incorporation, the facilities for manufacturing have been greatly increased and the number of workmen nearly doubled. The buildings of the Company are situate on Lackawanna Avenue, on the Hyde Park side of the river, near the Delaware, Lackawanna, «fc Western and Lackawanna & Bloomsburg Eailroads. They consist of one Foundry Building, one Pattern Shop, and two Ware Houses. The present capacity of the Company is from fifteen to twenty stoves per day, of various kinds and sizes and of original designs. The jobbing department is open for all kinds of light work - none but the best and most experienced workmen are employed in any mechanical capacity about the works, and for smoothness and neatness of castings the Company challenge any in the country. The Hollow Ware department turns out nothing but the best articles of its kind and is constantly in- creasing.

HAND At COSTKN'S SASH AND D.LIXD MANUFACTORY ()7

Sash and Blind Manufactory.

Tlio uiiinu factory of ll:ind tS: Costoii at Providciiee is an acquisition in that part of the city of no small importance. These gentlemen have a large building with Machinery suited to the maniifixcture of Sash, Doous, Bunds, Mouldings, Bkackets, &c., &c. - also for planing lumber for building purposes, and do a business of more than one hundred thousand -dollars a year. The above business has been successively carried on at this point by several different parties, who after ojierating for a sliort time relinquished their interest in it and sought other employment for their time and capital ; none of whom could see any money in it until the present energetic managers and proprietors took hold of it. The business was commenced in 184G bj' Hand & Von Storch with a capital of $2,000, who operated till 1851, when E. J. Hand & Son purchased the concern. About one year afterwards they added the name and services of L. "White to the firm, altering the name of the firm to Hand, "White, & Co. The firm during tlie next six years, was successively Hand, "White, & Co., Hand, Ward, & Co., and bj- tho purchase of an interest by S. Bristol was changed to Hand & Co. In the fall of 18G5 the interest of Mr. Bristol was purchased by S. B. Coston, who was the owner of a Factory in Seelyville, Wayne county, Pa., who consolidated this with the Factory in Providence under the name and firm of Hand & Coston, by whom the business is at this time so successfully conducted.

These gentlemen have large facilities and are prepared to furnish Window Sash, Blinds, Doors, Mouldings, Brackets, Planed Lumber of ill! descriptions, and are also dealers in Builders' Hardware, Glass, Paint, Oils, Putty, &c.

Scranton & Providence Passenger Railway Company.

This Company was chartered by an act of Assembly, dated 27th March, 180G, and tho following gentlemen named as corporate members, viz : George Sanderson, William Breck, James S. Slocum, Jacob Kobinson, George S. Kingsbury, and William A. Chittenden. On the 22d October, 186G, the first meeting was held for the purpose of organizing and matur- ing their plans for future action. The following oflScers were chosen, viz : President, George Sanderson ; Secretary and Treasurer, George S. Kingsbury. The following are the Directors, viz : Jacob Kobinson, Wm. Breck, Wm. N. Monies, and George Sanderson. The route selected by this Company commences at the Depot in Scranton and runs

68 SCEANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

to Providence, through the following avenues and streets, viz : Lacka- wanna Avenue to Penn Avenue ; up Penn Avenue to Mulberry Street ; up Mulberry to Wyoming Avenue ; up Wj^oming Avenue to a point where it connects with the Delaware and Hudson EK. ; thence on said railroad for a distance of three-fourths of a mile, where it branches off to the west and crosses the Lackawanna Eiver at a point just below the Von Storch tract, and thence to Providence. The Delaware & Hudson KK. Company will abandon the use of their track from Providence to Scranton for the benefit of this Company, consequently there will be no interrup- tion to the free passage of the street cars. The management are deter- mined to make this a desirable and cheap mode of traveling for our citi- zens, and no pains or expense will be spared to effect this object.

" The People's Street Railway Company of Luzerne County."

This Company was chartered by act of assembly on the 23d March, 1865, and the following gentlemen named as corporators, viz : Ira Tripp, J. T. Fellows, D. R. Randall, Daniel Howell, J. B. Stark, A. B. Dunning, and W. W. Winton. Capital stock of the Companj' is $35,000. The first meeting for the purpose of organization was held on the 19tli of June, 1866, at which time the following named gentlemen were chosen Directors, viz : H. B. Eockwell, T. F. Hunt, Ira Tripp, James Blair, and Daniel Howell. James Blair was chosen President^ Alfred Hand was chosen Secretary, and "VV. W. Winton, Treasurer. The cost of grading and equipping the road amounts to $35,000. The route extends from the Delaware, Lackawanna, & Western Eailroad Depot on Lackawanna Avenue to Wyoming Avenue ; up Wyoming Avenue to Mulberry Street ; from thence to Penn Avenue ; up Penn Avenue to Carbon Street; down Carbon Street to the old Providence road, and thence on said road to Providence, a distance of two miles. This road affords a cheap, quick, and easy mode of transit to the citizens of our City, and its gentlemanly officers have spared no pains in rendering it what its chartered name indicates, "The People's Railway" line.

Historical Sketch of the First Presbyte- rian Church in Scranton.

The earliest regular Pke.sbytkrian preaching in this valley was performed by the Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve, of Wilkes-Barre, as early as

HISTORICAL SKETCH OK CIU'RCIIES. f!l)

181^7, ami the few communicants residing here were connected witli the church in that phice. Once in four or six weeks Mr. Gilderslecve traversed the valley and preached on week days in school houses, barns, and private dwellings, sometimes in the open air. The chief I'oints in this vicinity, occupied by this missionary, were Lackawanna, Hyde Park, and Provi- dence. The spot now occupied by Scranton, then called Hlocum Hol- low, was, for the most part, an unbroken /o;ts^, not more thansu; families residing within the limits of the late borough for the next ten or twelve years.

The preseut organization of the First Presbyterian Church of Scranton was not effected until the autumn of 1848, although the congregation had enjoyed church fellowship and ordinance for several years previously. The Kev. John Dorrance, of "Wilkes-Barre, and Eev. Thomas P. Hunt, of "Wyoming, made occasional visits to this region from 1834 onwards. The ^ai'2'c;- especially preached frequently at all the stations occupied by the missionaries on this wide field, and bestowed upon them much gratui- tous and acceptable labor.

In 18o-5-G the llcv. Thomas Owen, a Welshman, traveled the whole length of the valley on foot, and preached' at all the stations. Ho left in 1837, and was succeeded by an Irishman of the name of Turbitt,for about six months. For some years afterwards no missionary was regularly cm- ployed in this vicinity, but the Eev. ]Mr. Hunt preached with considerable regularity at Providence, Hyde Park, Lackawanna, and Pittston.

From 1842 to 1844 the Eev. Owen Brown and ^hc Kev. Charles Evans successively occupied the field, laboring at Pittston, Lackawanna, Harrison (now Scranton), Hyde Park, Abington Center, and Falls (now Newton). In 1844 the Eev. N. G. Parke (now of Pittston), came to the valley and occupied the same missionary field. The place now called Scranton was first occupied as a preaching station in 1841. The year, previously, when Mr. "William Henry commenced erecting a smelting furnace here, it contained but three families. They were joined by one or two other families in the neighborhood, and immediately took measures to build a church. The building was completed m 1842 and was to be under the supervision of the Methodists, who were numerically in the majority, though other denominations were not to be excluded from using it. (This edifice was removed in 18-3G from the corner of Lackawanna and Adams avenues to the corner of Adams avenue and Vine street, and occupied by the German Methodists. )

These movements in Hlocum Hollow stimulated the Presbyterians in the vicinity to provide themselves with church privileges.

A Committee of the Presbytery of Susquehanna, composed of Eevds. Messrs. Dorrance, Hunt, and Brown, met in the old School House, near the Blast Furnace, on Friday, February 20th, 1842, and organized a Presbyterian Church. Messrs. Elisha Atherton, of Providence, and

70 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Couch, of Blakely, were elected Elders, and Hiram B. Daily, Deacon.

This was called the " Lackawanna Church," and covered all the ground from Providence to Pittston, including both places.

Scranton was therefore the cradle of Presbj'terianism in this Valley.

In June, 1844, when the Kev. N. G. Parke was called to take charge of this Church, there were but four members residing in Scranton, two in Hyde Park, and two in Providence, the larger portion of the members living at what was called the Lackawanna station, about three miles down the valley. When a Committee was appointed to select a site for a "Presbyterian House," composed of Messrs. Atherton, Henry, and Koons, the majority decided upon " Lackawanna," near where Mr. Ath- erton then lived, and a Church edifice was built and dedicated in 1846, at that place. Harrison (as this city was then called) was merelj' a preach- ing station, yet the communion was sometimes administered here, for the benefit of the increasing population of this place.

The growing villages of Pittston and Harrison each claimed the Lackawanna Church ; they all belonged to one organization, though it was admitted that Harrison was the chief point.

After much consultation it was decided to seek a separate organization for Harrison (or Scrantonia as it had then come to be called) and accordingly a petition was sent up to the Presbytery to that eflect.

The Committee of Presbytery, composed of Kovds. Messrs. Dorrance and Parke, met on the 14th day of October, 1848, and proceeded to organize the " First Presbyterian Church," consisting of eighteen members, viz : Selden T. Scranton and his wife Mrs. Ellen C. Scranton George W. Scranton and his wife Mrs. Jane H. Scranton, Nathaniel B. Hutchinson and his wife Mrs. Kebecca A. Hutchinson, Mrs. ^tary Cour- sen. Miss Mary A. Coursen, Mrs. Sarah Coursen, Miss Catharine 3Iiller, Miss Temperance Miller, Mrs. Maria Fellows, Peter Clark, James Hutchinson, Charles Fuller, Kichard Hollenback, Simon Ward, and John L. Kichardson.

An election for Officers was held, resulting in the choice of N. B. Hutchinson, Geo. W. Scranton, and Charles Fuller for Elders. Mr. Scranton declined to serve. Messrs. Hutchinson and Fuller were instal- led. In accordance with previous engagements. Rev. N. G. Parke sup- plied the congregation until the year expired in June, 1849. In August,. 1849, Rev. J. D. Mitchell was called to the Pastorate, but was not installed until April 17, 1850. In October, 18G3, Mr. Mitchell resigned on account of ill health, and the Church was without a Pastor until May, 1854, when Rev. John F. Baker was installed. In January, 1855, Mr. Baker resigned, and was succeeded by Rev. M. J. Hickok, the present pastor. The present church edifice is located on Washington avenue, near Lackawanna avenue, built in the Gothic style of architecture, and is capable of seating eight hundred peojile. Its original cost was about

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF CHURCHES. 71

§30,000, but the Church property at the present writing, inchiding the Parsonage building and grounds, cannot be estimated at less than $00,000^ in value. The Sunday School is in a very flourishing condition, num- bering five hundred and twenty-five scholars, with an average attend- ance of three hundred and twenty-five on each Sunday. The number of classes taught is seventy, and the number of volumes in the library is one thousand thirtv-seven.

St. Luke's Episcopal Church.

The Parish was organized and an application for incorporation was made in November, 1851. At Easter, 1852, the Kev. John Long became the missionary in charge. Services were held from time to time in the Methodist Chapel, in the Odd Fellows Hall, in the third story of Hunt's building, and also over Chase's store. In the Summer of 1853, through the untiring efibrts of Mr. Long and the gift of friends abroad , a frame church was erected upon lots that were kindly provided by the Coal and Iron Companj'. The church cost $2,600. In the following year a parsonage was built at a cost of $1,200. Mr. Long ofiiciated a^ eighty-five baptisms, twenty-eight marriages, forty-three burials, besides thirtj'-three persons were confirmed.

After laboring for more than six years, Mr. Long resigned the charge of the parish, and was succeeded by the Rev. "W". C. Robinson, who re- mained four years. Under Mr. R. the parish ceased to be a missionary station, and became self-supporting. !Mr. Robinson ofiiciated at eighty- three baptisms, twelve marriages, thirty burials ; persons confirmed, twenty -six.

Mr. R. was succeeded by Rev. A. A. Marple, who after four years of service now remains in charge. Mr. M. entered upon his duties as Rector in January, 18G3. The same year the parish freed itself from debt, and through the Ladies' Sewing Society began the work of collecting money for the building of a new church. Lots have been secured on "Wyoming avenue - one hundred and eighty feet front, by one hundred and sixty feet deep. The solid foundations have been laid, upon which it is pro- posed to erect a stone church, containing about one hundred pews. Mr. Marple has officiated at seventy-nine baptisms, forty-five marriages, fiftj--one burials : persons confirmed, forty-nine. The Sunday School numbers one hundred and eighty scholars, and the communicants amount to one hundred and five.

The Scranton Baptist Church.

This church was organized August 18th, 1859, at the house of Mr. N. Hallstead, in Franklin avenue, with 25 members, nearly all of whom.

72 SCEANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

had previously been connected witli the Baptist church at Hyde Park. It Avas publicly recognized as a regular Baptist church on the 24th of the same month. The services of recognition were held in the old Odd Fel- lows Hall, at the corner of Lackawanna and Jefterson avenues, and were participated in by Eevs. C. A. Fox, T. J. Cole, L. 0. Grennell, E. L. Bailey, D. W. Hallstead, N. Callender, and Isaac Bevan.

Measures were taken immediately to organize a Sabbath School and to hold regular meetings every Sabbath in the hall. For some time the Sabbath School held its sessions in the morning, and then changed to the afternoon. At this time the Eev. Theopbilus Jones was pastor of the Welsh Baptist Church, which held its meetings in the brick edifice they had erected in Mifflin Avenue, now owned by the German Lutheran Church. He, after preaching twice on the Sabbath in his vernacular, preached in English in the hall every Sabbath evening for two months, find did acceptable service for the church. The church held its prayer meetings at private houses.

A unanimous call was extended to Eev. Isaac Bevan, who was then Corresponding Secretary of the Pennsylvania Baptist Convention, to be- -come pastor. He accepted, and assumed the pastoral charge Nov. 1st of the same year. He has continued with the church to this date.

For nearly two years the church held its meetings on the Sabbath in the Odd Fellows Hall, and then took possession of Washington Hall for its Sabbath services. It continued to occupy this hall until it entered its lecture room in the new edifice on Penn avenue, July 2nd, 1865. Part of the time its prayer meetings were held in the Young Men's Christian Association Kooms, on Wyoming avenue, and in the Young 3Ien's literary and debating room, on Lackawanna avenue. For the first three years the church could procure no place in which to hold continuous evening meetings, and for nearly six years it labored under very great disadvantages in not having a church edifice of its own. And yet, through the blessings of God, it has continued gradually to prosper. From the first it has been self-suppoTting, only as it has received generous aid from the benevolent people of this place.

The church has been favored with three seasons of special revival, which have added much to its growth and efficiency. One was enjoyed in the -winter and spring of 1863, the other in the winter and spring of 1866, and the last the present year. There have been added to the church, by baptism and otherwise, 238, and it has on its register at present 186 mem- bers, several of whom reside out of the place and are no help to the church.

The church has struggled with manj' difficulties, but has on the whole been well united and prosperous. Its new church edifice is 80 feet long by 50 wide, and, when completed, will cost about $20,000. In accom- plishing this work the people of this city have, with their accustomed liberality, rendered very considerable assistance. The lots on wliich the

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF CHURCHES. 73

house stnnds, were secured from the Lackawanna Iron & Coal Company, through the President, J. H. Scranton, Esq., at a reduction in the price of $1400. The Delaware, Lackawanna, and TVestorn K. R. Company, through their President, J. Brisbin, Esq., gave to the church $500. The Dickson Manufacturing Company, through their President, Thos. Dickson, Esq., $75.68. Elisha A. Coraj", Esq., of New York, has given the church $2,000. Many others have contributed less sums, which have been most gratefullj' received, and will over be warmly appreciated.

The Sunday School numbers on its books 25 teachers, 206 scholars, 150 average attendance, 400 volumes in librarj*.

The church is incorporated and has the following board of Trustees : L. Lewis, H. Ladd, N. Halstcad, R. A. Henry, D. Cone, and D. Morris. Its deacons are L. LeAvis, T. Peckcns, K. A. Henry. N. Halstoad, and T. Moore.

It is hoped that the church edifice will be completed and dedicated in July. When finished it will be a very neat and commodious place of worship.

Methodist Episcopal Church.

The first mention made in the Minutes of the Wyoming Circuit, is in 1791. Anning Owen was the first Methodist in the valley of Wj"- oming. He became a preacher, and formed a society on Ross' Hill, in Kingston, in 1788 ; and during the following three years formed classes in several places, but it is not known that he visited the Lackawanna valley above the Old Forgo (now Drake's Station) during this period. In 1793 William Colbert, a pioneer preacher, visited " Capou.se, and preached to a few people at Brother Howe's, and lodged at Joseph Waller's." Howe lived in Slocum Hollow, and Waller on the main road in or near what is now Hjde Park. In 1798 Daniel Taylor's, below Hyde Park, was a preaching place. Anning Owen, after this, preached at Capt. Yaughan's. For years subsequently, the preaching was at Preserved Taylor's, who lived on the hill-side in Hyde Park, near the old Tripp place. When Mr. Taylor removed, the preach- ing was takeji to Razorville, now Providence, and the preachers were entertained by Elisha Potter, Esq., whose wife was a very exemplary member of the church. Up to this period, preaching was held in private houses ; when school houses were erected the peojile assembled in them to hear the Gospel.

The Lackawanna Valley was embraced within the Wyoming Circuit until 1831, when Pittston Circuit was formed from that portion of it which lay above Wilkes-Barre on the east side of the Susquehanna.

In June of 1841 a proposition v,as entertained by the Quarterlv Confer- 9

.74 SCRANTON CITT DIRECTORY.

ence of the circuit, to raise subrcriptions for the purpose of erecting a " meeting house" somewhere in the Lackawanna Valley. Barton Mott, Erasius Smith, and Wm. S'dkman were appointed a Committee to receive subscriptions, and to proceed to the accomplishment of the work. Wtn. Henry was associated with the above named gentlemen, and the four resolved themselves into a building Com., appointing E. Smith Pres. "Wm. Silkman Secretary, and B. Mott Treasurer. The iron works - called also Harrison - subscribing more than any other place, secured the location. A lot was purchased of Scranton, Grant, and Mattes, the site now occupied by Jif kins' meat market. The subscriptions provided that when the house was not occupied by the Methodists, other evangelical denominations should have the privilege of worshiping in it, a provision of which the Presbyterian brethren availed themselves for several years. The two denominations held a union Sabbath school, in the utmost harmony, until the Presbyterians secured for themselves better accommodations.

The population and business of the place - now called Scranton - so increased that the Methodist society began to look at the possibility of erecting a more convenient and appropriate place of worship. In 1854 the charge was divided, one half was called Scranton and Hyde Park, the other Providence and Archbald, missions. The Kev. A, H. Schoonmaker was appointed to the charge of Scranton and Hyde Park, and finding no comfortable quarters, he proceeded to the erection of a parsonage, which he completed in an incredibly short period of time.

Towards the close of Mr. Schoonmaker's first year arrangements were ^ commenced for the erection of a line brick church. The old lot was I exchanged with the Iron Company for lots adjoining on Adams avenue. A contract was concluded for the erection of the building, and the work proceeded until the contractors failed, leaving the inside wholly unfinished. In July, 1856, the Kev. George Peck took charge of Scranton Mission, now independent of Hyde Park, and commenced preaching in the old Church to a small congregation. In the Autumn following, the basement of the new Church was finished, and it was used as a preaching place for two years. In the mean time the audience room was completed, and it was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God on the 22d of September, 1858, by the Kev. P. Coome, of the Philadelphia -Conference. The following gentlemen occupied the station after Dr. Peck, for two years each, with one exception : Kevds. B. W. Gorham, G. C. Bancroft, J. V. Newell, J. A. Wood (for one year), and N. W. Everett, which brings the history down to the present day. The Church structure was completed last year, by the erection of the steeple, painting and penciling the brick work, and making sundry repairs.

The statistical report of the church for the present year is as follows :

Present membership 225

Value of Church property $20,000

Number of Sunday School Scholars 450

Volumes in Library 700

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF CHURCHES. 75

Methodist Episcopal Church of Provi- dence.

The present Church in Providence was contracted for in April, 1850, by Artomas Miller, T. W. Wykofl", Sweet Gardner, Joseph Ilutchins, and A. B. Silkman, who were the building committee. The usual difficulties and delays obstructing the progress of the work, it was three years in being completed. On the 21st day of April, 1853, it was dedicated to the worship of Almighty God, by Kev. Dr. Peck. The text employed on the occasion was Matthew 16-18 : '- Upon this rock will I build my Church and the gates of Hell shall not prevail against it."

Since the Church was dedicated the following persons have occupied the Pastorate : Kevds. H. Brownscombo, J. F. Wilbur, C. Perkins, G. M. Peck, J. W. Munger, A. H. Schoonmaker, G. H. Blakeslee, and Geo. Peck. Under the ministry and pastoral care of these men the Church has enjoyed a good degree of prosperity. Latterly the congregation has been somewhat diminished by the drawing off of the Welsh, who have erected two Churches in the vicinity, in which the service is conducted in their own tongue. The congregation is still however respectable for numbers, and is increasing.

The following i« the statistical report for the present year :

3Iemborship . 148

Value of Church property $10,000

Number of Sunday School Scholars 230

Yoliimos in Library 700

The Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church,

built at Scranton, 1849. Principal men here at that time were John 1\. Williams, Isaac Coslett, John J. Davis. Two lots were then presented to them to build upon bj' the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Co. From eight to ten years after, the members of the" Scranton Church built a Church at Bellevue. Principal men in building Bellevuc Church were Walter Phillips, Johu- T. Griffiths, Thomas Jenkins. Ministers were John Moses, Thomas J. Phillips, and John E. Williams; they had no regular Pastor. About five years after, the Bellevue joembers built a Church at Hyde Park ; they had no Pastor ; the same Ministers acted at Hyde Park that did at Bellevue until about a year ago, when they had a Pastor ; his name is Joseph E. Davics, he is not Pastor at this present time.

Rev. John R. Williams is the present Pastor of the Scranton Church.

76 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Evangelical Lutheran Zion Church,

Mifflin Avenue, between Spruce and Linden Streets. This congregation was organized by its present Pastor, Ph. Fr. Zizelmann, in the summer of 1860 ; at the time of its organization twenty-one members signed their names to the constitution. Until November, 18G3, the congregation assembled and held Divine Service in Wyoming Hall, when they bought from the first "Welsh Baptist congregation of Scranton their Church and property on Mifflin Avenue. In Spring, 1864, the congregation erected the parsonage on their adjoining lot. In Pall, 1866, the basement rooms under the Church were built for School and Lecture purposes. A day School, where both the German and English languages were intended to be taught, was commenced on the second of January, 1867 ; the teacher being capable to teach only the German language, this aim would only be reached by appointing a teacher who understands both languages thoroughly ; it is reached now, as in the person of Mr. H. Koehler, assistant teacher in the Orphans' Home at Germantown, a suitable teacher has been found and his services secured from the first of May, 1867.

The congregation has been steadily increasing, and counts now between four and five hundred communicants.

On Sunday, the 14th of April, 1867, thirty-seven young members joined the Church by being confirmed. The Church is already too small, though between four and five hundred persons can be accommodated. Soli Deo Gloria !

Liberal Christian Society.

Rev. Aaron Porter, pastor of the Unitarian Society at Northumberland, Pa., visited Scranton in September, 1866, as a Missionary of the Unitarian Association, for the purpose of seeing if there were not friends of Liberal Christianity here that v/ould encoui-age the holding of meetings for publi* worship in this city. He found little to encourage liim at first, and for some time but few attended his meetings. IJut with a perseverance" worthy of success he continued to hold meetings, and though but few heard him he had a feeling that success must crown a persistent eflbrt. In December, a few of the friends met at the office of Loomis and Chase for the purpose of making a temporary organization. This was accom- plished by the election of Dr. C. A. Stevens, President, Benj. Jay, Esq., Treasurer, F. E. Loomis, Secretary.

The first meeting was held in Washington Hall building, but the accommodations not being sufficient, more congenial quarters were found in the rooms of Gardner's Business College, where the meetings -continue

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF CHURCHES. 77

to be held. From a small beginning tbe meetings continue to grow and the prospect looks brighter.

Mr. Porter still continues to preach every second Sabbatli, and other Clerg3^men have from time to time supplied, so that meetings lately have been held everv Sunda'v.

The German Presbyterian Church

of Scrauton was dedicated to the worship of God on the Gth November, 1859. The building of the church was commenced in 1857 under the ministcry of Eev. Charles D. Eosenthal.

The present pastor, William "Wunderlich, took charge of the churcli in 18G4. This church nuuibers 198 members at present, the Sabbath school 234 scholars and 25 teachers.

Catholic Church.

Among the earlier settlers of Scranton, those professing the Roman Catholic religion must have been few. No record, however, has been handed down from which facts might be gathered. The only authentic account extant dates 1846, when Rev. P. Prendergast, residing at Carbondale, paid the first visit to these scattered few, and after organizing the little band and securing for their use a small room in a private dwelling on Division street, continued visiting occasionally and attending to their spiritual wants. Thus matters went along for two years, at the expiration of which the congregation had grown in numbers sufficient to warrant, with the timelj^ aid of the Lackawanna Iron & Coal Co., in the shape of a large plot of ground, free of charge, for church and grave yard use. the speedy erection of a small building 35 feet in length 25 feet in width, and which was immediately commenced and the following year finished by the Rev. J. Laughran, whoattb'-^ time had assumed the temporal and .spiritual charge. The Eev. J. Cullen took charge in 1852, and finding the congregation had out-grown the small building on Division street, soon commenced a very substantial frame edifice 96 feet in length and 45 feet in width on Franklin avenue, and which was completed the following year, 1854, by Rev. M. "Whitty, who, by this time, had been appointed to the charge. The congregation now growing

78 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

rapidly, the pastor found it necessary to provide more church room, and in 1856 succeeded in getting built a good frame church 75 feet in length and 45 feet in width in the village of Dunmore (Eev. E. Fitzmaurice soon after taking charge) in order to accommodate that part of the Parish, who, to this time, had been worshipping at Scranton. The members still increasing, in was deemed desirable to provide still further, which was done by the speedy erection in 1858 of a frame church 70 feet long and 30 feet wide, near tHe village of Providence (now within the city limits) for the use and benefit of that part of the Parish, which, up to the time, had also worshipped atScran ton. By this judicious arrangement the congregation were enabled once more to appreciate the comforts from which an o.-^i- crowded church had estranged them. Time rolled on in this way until the year 1864, when Scranton, it would seem, called for a building worthy its fame and population. In the fall of that year the pastor. Father Whitty, commenced on Wyoming avenue one of the largest and perhaps handsomest church edifices within the State of Pennsylvania. The church is built in the Grecian style of architecture (designs furnished by J. Amsden, architect) and is 158 feet in length and 68 feet in width, inside the walls, two stories high, and will seat 2300 persons. The building is lighted by nine large windows on each side, beside thirty-two smaller ones - all of stained glass. The edifice was opened and dedicated to the service of Almighty God the lOLh of March, 1867. The cost to the present time is, we understand, about seventy thousand dollars, and when the large tower, which is to be 170 feet high, and other things in contempla- tion by the pastor added, the whole cost will slide into the nice little sum of one hundred thousand dollars.

The German Catholics, aided by the energy of their pastor, Kev. P. Nagel, erected a year ago a good substantial building, ninety -five feet in length, forty-five feet in width, at a cost of about eleven thousand dollars. This is now under the charge of Kev. J. Schelle.

There are two Koman Catholic parochial Schools in Scranton for the education of youth. There are also two beneficial Societies, the St. Patrick's and the Hibernian, whoso object is to give aid and comfort to the members and their families in case of sickness, accident, or infirmity from old age.

There is a Cemetery covering four acres of land, rather tastily laid out, belonging to the English speaking congregation, gifted by the Delaware, Lackawanna, & Western Kailroad Co., in 1862.

The German congregation have one also, but of smaller dimensions.

Schools.

Tho graded school system was inaugurated December, 1856, in the boroush of Scranton, and the success which has attended it is

SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES.

79

Year ending June Ist, 1858.

Tear ending June Ist, 1859

8

9

11

14

603

520

497

494

1090

1014

884

752

attested by the following statements. The first report to the State Department for the first three years of the borough as a separate school District shows the following facts, viz :

Year ending June 1st, 1857.

No. of schools 5

" " Teachers 5

" " Male pupils 284

" " Female pupils 296

Whole No. pupils 580

Average attendance 352

The school board at this time consisted of Messrs. J. W. Brock, H. L. Marvin, John Grier, P. J. Conyne, and others, who by a faithful and energetic performance of their duties paved the future success of the system, as shown by the following latest statement made officially in June, 1866, to the County Superintendent, viz :

Whole number of schools 16

Nuiulier yet required 3

Average number of months taught 10

Number of District Institutes held in all the schools, 10

Number of Male Teachers employed 1

" " Female " " 21

Average salaries paid to Male Teachers per month $125 00

" " " " Female " " " .30 00

Whole number of Male scholars 1373

" " " Female " lllC

Average attendance of Male scholars 833

" " " Female " 845

Number of mills ou the dollar levied for school purposes 13

" " " ' " " buildiriir " 21

80 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Amount of tax levied for school purposes $12,838 41

" " " '' " building " $1,975 20

The school board consists at the present time of the following named gentlemen, viz : E. C. Fuller, James Kuthven, R. A. Henry, Frederick Kreilick, John Nape, Julius Welner, and others.

Its officers are as follows :

President James Ruthven.

Secretary E. C. Fuller.

Treasurer R. A. Henry.

The graded school building, to which the other schools in the city are. subordinate, is located on a beautiful eminence on the corner of Washing- ton avenue and Vine street, commanding a view of the whole city, including Hyde Park and Providence. The site is admirably selected, both on account of its healthfulness and beautiful scenery which it affords. On the preceding page is an electrotype cut, taken from a photographic view of this building, which we have obtained expressly for this report.

The old borough of Hyde Park is included in Wards 4th, 5th, and 6th of the present city of Scranton. The city charter has left intact the school organization, and the said three wards are a district under the common school law of this State. The graded school of this district has had for the present school year a corps of nine teachers. J. P. Hand, a graduate of La Fayette College, of this State, has been the principal for the last two years.

The schools arc conducted in two brick houses, in one of which seven teachers are employed, and in the other two teachers. The average num- ber of children sent to the graded school the present year will be five hundred or within a small fraction of it.

Three hundred and twenty dollars a month is paid for tuition.

The school is in a prosperous condition, and one or two additional teachers are needed yearly.

Providence Borough graded school was instituted October, 1858, under the direction of James S. Kennedy, D. R. Randall, Wm. Silkman, J. R. Wint, Pulaski Carter, Dr. E. A. Bouton, with Prof. E. W. Rogers Prin- cipal. Has a fine suit of buildings situated on Prospect Hill, a view from which overlooks the entire valley. Has five graded departments and six teachers, 450 scholars. It is now under the supervision of Prof. T. R Johnson, giving instruction in all the common and higher English branches.

The Board of Directors are: H. Roberts, J. S. Kennedy, G. W. Miller? J. R. Fordham, P. Carter, D. E. Evans.

Miners' Benevolent Society, Hyde Park.

This society was organized September 10th, 1862, and has for its primary objects the amelioration of human suffering and the promotion

SCHOOLS ANI> SOCIETIES. 81

i)f moral conduct, subordinate to vvliicli is the mutual prDtection and support of each otlier by the members as laborers. It has a regular Constitution and Bj'-Laws, the former of which provides that tlie officers of the association shall consist of a President, Vice President, Record- ing Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer, and four Trustees.

The association is divided into eight branches, numbered from one to eight, respectively, and is composed of about one thousand members.

Its regular meetings are held the first Saturday in each month, at Fellows' Hall, Hyde Park.

Election for oiRcers is held each year in the month of January.

A monthly due of twenty-flve cents from each member is rci;[uired, to cover expenses and create a fund for the assistance of invalid members, who arc entitled to three dollars a week while unable to labor. Over one thousand dollars was dispensed in this way during the last year.

The society is in a healthy and flourishing condition, and is quietly yet eifectually carr3-ing out the objects of its organization, namely, ameliorating human suifering and infusing a moral tone, not only among the members themselves, but throughout the community in which their influence is exerted.

The officers for the present year are :

President Thomas Evans.

Vice President David Mosier.

Secretary/ William Henne.ssy.

Treasurer Thomas Watkins.

The Hibernian Benevolent Association of Hyde Park.

This association is, as its name indicate?, a charitable society, and was chartered September 11th, 1858. Since its organization it is no exaggera- tion to say that it has accomplished a good work in aid of sutlering humanity, by attending and relieving the sick, extending succor to the poor and needy, sympathizing with the afflicted and distressed, and per- forming the last sad offices to the dead.

The primary objects of the association arc charity and brotherly love tu all, to encourage virtue, temperance, and morality, and inculcate that love of order and good will among all men that should denote the gocd citizen.

To i-ndicate the active working of the organization, it will suffice t(« remark that a lot has been purchased, a large and substantial stoj>e foundation laid, on which the society propose to erect a handsome and commodious hall in which to hold tlieir meetings. It is also proj)Osed to

82 SCRANTON CITY DIBECTORT.

found a library and establish a lyceum as soon as their finances will permit.

The site of their proposed hall is on the corner of Chestnut street, in the 4th Ward, opposite the residence of E. Heermans, Esq., and is one of the beautiful locations of the city. From its elevated position a view of unrivaled beauty and magnificence is obtained. The silvery waters of the Lackawanna wind their serpent-like course in the valley beneath, while on either bank is seen substantial evidence of the wealth and enterprise of the flourishing city of Scranton.

The regular meetings of the society are held on the 2nd Saturday in each month, at Graber's H-^^l, Hyde Park. Average number of members, one hundred and fifty.

Present officers of the society :

President M. O'Meara.

Vice President Garrett "Walsh.

Secretary Edward Mahon.

Treasurer Daniel O'Grady.

The Scranton Lyceum.

The Lyceum was temporarily organized August 2d, 1866, in the rooms formerly occupied by the Young Men's Christian Association, on Wyo- ming avenue, by P. C. Carling, M. Norton, E. Mellon, F. Gunster, J. Gunster, F. J. Amsden, C. H. Welles, C. E. Pryor, E. H. West, and J. A. Price, and in the same month a permanent organization was formed by the election of J. A. Price, President, and P. C. Carling, Secretary. A few months existence proved the Lyceum to be a growing institution, and the rooms on Wyoming avenue became too small to accommodate its visitors and members, when the Christian Association rooms were vaca- ted for the more spacious room known as Wyoming Hall, on Lackawanna avenue, where it at present holds its meetings. Its present officers are :

President^ J. T. Howe.

Vice President, H. E. Crawford.

Secretary, L. C. Mosier.

Treasurer, J. Gunster.

Since its organization it has obtained the membership of some of the most prominent citizens of the city. An application has been filed for its incorporation, with a view to make it one of the i?istituiio7is of the young City of Scranton.

Its present membership consists of something more than fifty.

SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES. 83'

The White Star Lyceum

of Hyde Park was organized March 12th, 1867, with the following officers :

President A. S. Whitaker.

Vice President D. W. Connelly.

Recoj-ding Secretary William E. Walsh.

Financial Secretary J. E. Powell.

Ti-easurer li. H. Holgato.

The Lyceum meets every Tuesday evening at Eynon'.s Hall, Ilydo Park, Penna. The public are respectfully invited to attend.

Masonic.

There are in the present City limits five Lodges, one Chapter, one Council, an^ one Commandery.

HIRAM LODGE. The first Lodge formed within what is now the City is Hiram Lodge, No. 261, and was instituted in Providence borough on the 27th day of May, 1852. The charter bears date in March of that year. The charter members were Elisha Hitchcock, Silas B. Robinson, Wm. H. Pier, Sanford Grant, A. B. Dunning, O. P. Clark, M. P. Baldwin, J, R. Bloom, S. Bristol, and J. T. Fellows.

The Lodge was instituted by R. W. Anthony Browncnville, assisted by James Hutchinson, Peter Williamson, John K. Mitchell, John Thompson, and Wm. H. Adams, of Philadelphia, who installed the following oflicers :

Elisha Hitchcock W. M.

Silas B. Robinson S. W.

William H. Pier J. W.

Sanford Grant Treas.

A. B. Dunning Sect.

O. P. Clark S. D.

M. P. Baldwin S.

Since that time the following officers have presided :

W. M. S. W. J. W.

1858 - S. B. Robinson, W. H. Pier, S. Grant,

1854 - W. H. Pier, S. Grant, L. N. C'ark, Jr.,

1855 - S. B. Robinson E. S. M. Hill, W. W. Smith,

185G - E. S. M. Hill, Joseph Godfrey, H. T. Vaughn,

1857 - Joseph Godfrey, J. R. Bloom, H. T. Vaughn,

1858 - J. R. Bloom, S. S. Jay, James Dooly,

1859 - E. S. M. Hill, A. Mulley, W. R. Wint,

84 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

1860 - A. Mulley, J. W. Cohvell, G. W. Miller,

1861 - J. K. Bloom, J. W. Colwell, E. P. Morey,

1862 - E. P. Morey, Thomas E. Geddis, James Burt,

1863 - J no. W. Colwell, John H. Smith, W. E. Geddis,

1864 - John H. Smith, Thomas Dershimer, A. C. Willson,

1865 - Tho's E. Geddis, Thomas Dershimer, Elisha Hunt, 1866 - Jacob E. Bloom, A. Davis, James White.

The present officers are

A. Davis "W. M.

James White.-l S. W.

H. E. Geddis J. W.

H. Hollister Treas.

Thos. E. Geddis Sect.

J. Greene S. D.

James Gellespie J. D.

James Fordham S. M. C.

. Wm. E. Geddis J. M. C.

E. L. Albright P.

John Colwell 1 T.

Stated meetings Thursday evening on or before full moon of each month. UNION LODGE.

At a meeting of Free and Accepted A. Y. 31., convened at Odd Fellows Hall, in the borough of Scranton. on the afternoon of the 29th of May, 1854, Elisha Hitchcock, K. A. Oakford, Wm. H. Pier, Geo. B. Boyd, J. D. Mead, J. T. Fellows, A. Kurner, Henry Griffin, L. N. Clark, P. Morgan, E. W. Luce, S. Dilly, D. H. Jay, Jas. Merrill, Jno. Eider, J. W. Washington, Jno. E. Keely, were present, and organized by calling E. A. Oakford to the chair and appointing Geo. B. Boyd Secretary: it was unanimously

Resolved, That we severally and as a body petition the E. W. G. Lodge of the State of Pennsylvania, for a warrant of Constitution empowering us to meet as a regularly constituted Lodge, to be located in Scranton, Luzerne Co., Pa., to be called Union Lodge.

Resolved, That brother E. A. Oakford bo recommended to be Master of said Lodge, brother J. D. Mead, S. W., and brother Wm. H. Pier, J. W.

The charter bears date Sept. 4th, 1854, and the Lodge was instituted on the 28th of Nov., 1854, at Odd Follows Hall, by E. W. Jas. Hutchison, G. M., assisted by Peter Williamson, D. G. M., Thos. E. Baxter, Wm. H. Adams, Chas. B. Eu.ss, Jacob Londonslager, H. L. Petersen, Geo. D. Haswell, Eobt. S. Wilson, and Isaac Wallace, of Philadelphia, by installing

E. A. Oakford W. M.

Jno. D. Mead ,S'. W.

Wm. H. Pier J. W.

Geo. B. Boyd Sec.

SCHOOLS AXD SOCIETIES. 85

The minutes do not show the other officers. iSince that time tlio Jjodge has been governed by the following officers :

W.M. S. W. J.W.

1855 - R. A. Oakford, Jno. D. Mead, W. H. Pier,

1856 - R. A. Oakford, Jno. R. Keeley, \Vm. Stickter,

1857 - R. A. Oakford, *E. Brooks, P. C. Morgan,

1858 - R. C. Simpson, Thos. Diekson, E. P. Kingsbury.

1859 - Thos. Dickson, E. P. Kingsbury, H. W. Bishop,

I860 - E. P. Kingsbury, S. Broadbent, I. F. Fuller,

1861 - E. P. Kingsbury, I. F. Fuller, A. F. Clapp,

1862 - E. P. Kingsbury, I. F. Fuller, Chas. Graham,

1863 - 1. F. Fuller, Chas. Graham, Geo. Parton,

1864 - 1. F. Fuller, Geo. Parton, Geo. Douglass,

1865 - Goo. Parton, Goo. Douglass, Geo. Freeman,

1866 - Geo. Parton, Geo. Freeman, C. Q. Carman,

1867 - Geo. Freeman, F. L. Hitchcock, C. Q. Carman,

E. P. Kingsbury T.

James Cowan S. D.

J. B. Strickland S. D.

R. Osland___: . J. D.

Geo. Cooper S. M. C.

John Long J. M. 0.

vStephen Jones Purs.

Geo. P. McMellen T.

Whole No. Initiated 133

Admitted by Card 50

183 Suspended, withdrawn and deceased 78

Present membership 105

PETER WILLIAMSON LODGE.

Dispensation granted by Hon. H. M. Phillips, acting G. M. of R. "\V. Grand Lodge, to P. G. !M., Bro. William Barger, authorizing him to in- stitute Peter William.son Lodge, No. 823, A. Y. M., and install the officers thereof. A meeting was held for that purpose at Masonic Hall in Scranton, July 15th, 1858 ; at said meeting these Brethren were declared members.; N. F. Marsh, W. A. Chittenden, R. W. Luce, H. L. Mar- vine, E. C. Lynde, James Merrill, T. F. Hunt, E. T. Henry, A. E. Hunt, Wm. H. Perkins, O. P. Clark, G. S. Kingsbury, A. N. Meylert, E. Hitchcock.

The following officers were then elected and installed ;

N. F. Marsh, W. M.

Wm. H. Perkins, ' S. W.

W. A. Chittenden, J. W.

86 SCRANTON CITY DIBBCTORT.

E. C. Lynde . Sec't.

K. W. Luce, Treas.

Since that time the Lodge has been presided over by the following offi- cers for the years ending December 27th, 1859 to 1866 :

W. M. S. W. J. W.

1859 - W. A. Chittenden. W. H. Perkins. R. W. Luce.

I860 - W. A. Chittenden. E. C. Lynde, E. N. Willard,

1861 - E. C. Lynde, E. N. Willard, Jacob Bryant.

1862 - E. C. Lynde, Jacob Bryant, Jas. Euthven.

1863 - James Ruthven. John Van Vechten. E. C. Fuller.

1864 - W. A. Chittenden. E. C. Fuller, C, A. Stevens,

1865 - C. A. Stevens. E. C. Fuller, Jacob Bryant.

1866 - E. C. Lynde. Jacob Bryant. N. D. Hulbert.

PRESENT OFFICERS.

E. N. Willard W. M.

P. C. Carling S. W.

J. A. Ladd J. W.

A. Euthven Sec't.

E. C. Lynde Trea'r.

E. E. Peckens S. D.

S. P. Hull J. D.

M. H. Dale S. M. C.

F. H. Simpson J. M. C.

H. H. Jenks Pursuivant.

Since the formation of the Lodge there have been initiated 71 persons.

No. admitted from other Lodges 27

Charter Members 14

Withdrawn to unite with new Lodges , 12

Died -__ 4

Of which number of deaths 3 are Charter members.

Present number of members, (March 6th, 1867) 98

Stated meetings the first Wednesday in each month.

HYDE PAEK LODGE.

Hyde Park Lodge, No. 339, instituted at Odd Fellows' Hall, Hyde Park, June 20, 1866, by D. D. G. M. Sharp D. Lewis, Acting G. M. ; E. A. Oakford, Acting D. G. M. ; Joseph Godfrey, Acting S. G. ;W. ; E. S. M. Hill, J. G. W. ; J. F. Miller, G. S. ; J. E. Bloom, G. T.; Eev. Jacob Miller, Chaplain.

Charter Members : - E. W. Luce, Burr S. Kellogg, John R. Keeley, D. T. Eichards, O. P. Clark, Jos. T. Fellows, W. H. Freeman, D. B. Oakcs, Henry Griffin.

First Officers: - E. W. Luce, W. M. ; Burr S. Kellogg, S. W. ; J. R. Keeley, J. W. ; D. T. Eichards, S. ; O. P. Clark, Treas.

Officers, 18G1 : - Burr S. Kellogg, W. M. ; J. E. Keeley, S. W. ; D. T. Eichards, J. W.

SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES. 87

Officers, 1862 : - J. R. Keeley, W. M. ; D. T. Richards, S. W. ; E.

F. Snow, J. W.

Officers, 1863: - D. T. Richards, W. M. ; I. A. Finch, S. W. ; F. W^ Mason, J. W.

Officers, 1864: - I. A. Finch, W. M. ; F. W. Mason, S. W. ; W. H. Freeman, J. "W.

Officers, 1865 : - R. "VV. Luce, W. M. ; George G. Winans, S. W. ; W. H. Heath, J. W.

Officers, 1866 : - R. W. Luce, W. M. ; George G. Winans, S. W. ; W. H. Heath, J. W.

Officers, 1867 : - F. W. Mason, W. M. ; W. H. Heath, S. W. ; R. W. "Walker, J. W. ; Paul Jones, Secretary ; J. T. Fellows, Treas.

Trustees : - D. Howell, Henry Griffin, R. W. Luce.

Members Initiated 82

« Withdrawn 12

Total present Membership .70

SCHILLER LODGE.

Schiller Lodge, No. 345, was instituted June 15, 1864.

Charter Members : - Uernard Ofner, Ferdinand JJerger, Christian Robinson. Jacob Robinson, J. Josephson, Louis Koch, George Graeber, John Koch, Charles Sehlager, J. M. Josephson.

Officers acting 1864 : - Bernard Ofner, W. M. ; Ferdinand Berger, S. W. ; Christian Robinson, J. W. ; Jacob Ro-. n t;. Treasurer; Julius Josephson, Secretary.

Officers acting 1865: - C. Robinson, W. M. ; F. Berger, S. W. ; J. Koch, J. W. ; J. Robinson, Treasurer; J. Josephson, Secretary.

Officers acting 1866 : - F. Berger, W. M. ; J. Josephson, S. W. ; L. Koch, J. W. ; J. H. Gunster, Treasurer; Edward Sutto, Secretary.

Officers acting 1867 : - J. Josephson, W. M. ; L. Koch, S. W. ; J. H. Gunster, J. W. ; C. Sehlager, Treasurer ; Edward Sutto, Secretary.

LACKAWANNA CHAPTER.

Lackawanna Chapter, No. 185, was instituted June 3d, 1856, by M. E.

G. H. P. Hannon Baugh, assisted by Daniel Thompson, of Philadelphia, and Companions from Carbondale and Wilkes-Barrc, and neighboring towns, in Scranton, at Odd Fellows Hall, by installing

R. C. Simpson H. P.

Elisha Hitchcock K.

Geo. S. Kingsbury S.

Sanford Grant . T.

Wm. H. Perkins ._ Sect.

88 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

H. P. K. S.

18-37 - 11. C. Simpson, G. S. Kingsbury, K. A. Oakford,

1858 - G. S. Kingsburj-, R. A. Oakford, Thos. Dickson,

1859 - E. A. Oakford, Thos. Dickson, E. P. KingsbigiV,

I860 - E. P. Kingsbury, W. A. Chittenden, S. Broadbent,

1861 - W. A. Chittenden, E. C. Lynde, Jno. D. Fuller,

1862 - E. C. Lynde, Jno. D. Fuller, E. Phinncy,

1863 - Jno. D. Fuller, John Van Yechten, J. G. Sanderson,

1864 - Jno. D. Fuller, C. A. Stevens, Jacob Bryant.

1865 - Chas. A. Stevens, Geo. Parton, K. W. Luce,

1866 - Chas. A. Stevens, A. B. Stevens, A. Davis,

The present officers :

Geo. Parton H. P.

Jas. Ruthven K.

P. L. Hitchcock S.

Jno. A. Price Sect.

E. P. Kingsbury Treas.

T. E. Geddis C. H.

Jas. Cowan P. S.

F. J. Amsden R. A. C.

S. S. Shick M. 3 V.

A. B. Stevens J M. 2 V.

M. H. Dale M. 1 V.

J. Josephson Purs.

G. P. McMellen T.

It meets the 2nd Tuesday of each month.

Whole number Initiated 148

Deceased 5

Suspended for non-payment of dues 7

Withdrawn 17

MOUNT CARMEL COUNCIL.

Mount Carmel Council, No. 30, was instituted at Hyde Park, Luzerne county. Pa., March 26th, 1867, under the authority of the Grand Council of the State of Pennsylvania, by Alfred Creigh, M. P. G. M., Christian F. Knapp, D. G. M., who installed the following officers :

Thomas E. Geddis T. I. G. M.

Dr. Augustus Davis D. I. G. M.

Joseph P. Sibbit P. C. of W.

Dr. Wm. Heath Exi.

David T. Richards Reo.

A. B. Stevens Capt G.

T. Mott . Cond.

SCHOOLS AXI) SOCIBTIES. 80

K. W. Luoc _" Mar.

Thomas Barrowimin Sen.

Members : - A. Creivlav, H. Hollister.

C(£UR DE LION COMMANDEKY.

Coeur De Lion Commandeiy, No. 17, was e.'^tablished by Disjicnsatiun on the 28th day of April, 1858, in Scranton, by the K. E. Sir Benjamin Park, Grand Commander, on the application of Sir Knights Kobert C. Simpson, Goo. S. Kingsbury, Wm. H. Perkins, Thomas Dickson, W- Crocker, E. 0. Goodrich, F. D. Montanye, H. P. Goodrich, and John L. Gore.

Tlio charter is dated June 23d, 1858.

OFFICERS SINCE ORGANIZATION. 1858.

Sir K. C. Simp.son E. C.

" Thomas Dickson G.

" Joseph Godfrey C. G.

" W. H. Perkins P.

" Geo. S. Kingsbury S. W.

" Edward Kingsburj'- J. W.

" E. H. Kerlin T.

" Wm. P. Carling-_ . .R.

" R. J. Searle St. B.

" A. E. Hunt Sw. B.

" N. F. Marsh W.

" H. Fisher S.

1850. Sir R. C. Simpson E. C.

" Thomas Dick.son G.

" Joseph Godfrey C. G.

" W. H.Perkins P.

" Geo. S. Kingsbury S. AV.

-' Edward Kingsbury J. W.

" E. H. Kerlin T.

" Wm. P. Carling R.

" R. J. Searle St. B.

" A. E. Hunt Sw. B.

" N. F. Marsh W.

= ' H. Fisher S.

1800. Sir W. n. Perkins E. C.

" Geo. S. Kingsbury G.

" Sidney Broadbent C G.

" Joseph Godfrey P.

" Edward Kingsbury S. AV.

01

90 ISCRAKTON CITY DIRECTORY.

" Thomas Dickson '- J. ^y.

" A. E. Hunt T.

" AVm. P. Carling E.

" E. J. Scarle St. B.

" E. H. E-erlin 8w. B.

" N. ¥. 3Iar3h W.

" H. Fisher S.

1861. Sir Joseph Godfrej^ E. C.

" Geo. S.Kingsbury G.

" Sid. Broadbent C. G.

" E. P. Kingsbury P.

" Thos. Dickson S. ^V.

" W. P. Carling J. W.

" Wm. H. Perkins T.

" H. C. Kogers E.

" E. H. Kerlin St. B.

-' N. F. Marsh Sw. B.

" K. J. Searle W.

" H. Fisher S.

1862. vSir Jos. Godfrey E. C.

" Geo. S. Kingsbury G.

" Sid. Broadbent C. G.

" E. P. Kingsbury P.

" Thos. Dickson S. W.

" Wjn. P. Carling J. W.

" Wm. H. Perkins T.

" H. C. Kogers E.

" E. H. Kerlin St. B.

" ISr. F. Marsh Sw. B.

" K.J. Searle W.

' Geo. P. M'Mellen S.

1863. Sir Jos. Godfrey E. C.

" Geo. S. Kingsbury G.

" B. S. Kellogg C. G.

" E. P. Kingsbury P.

" J. W. Van Yechtcn S. AV.

" J. G. Sander.son J. W.

" W. H. Perkins T.

" H. C. Eogers E.

" Thos. Dickson St. B.

'- 0. L. Halstead Sw B.

" Sid. Broadbent W.

" Geo. P. ilcMellen S.

^^tHOOLS AND SOC'IETIKS. 01

18G4.

Sir Jcsci'li Godfrey E. C.

" John Yi\n Vecliten G.

" E. P. Kingsbury C. G.

' " Cbas. A.Stevens P.

" John Koch S. W.

." Sid. Broftdbont J. W.

" Wm. H. Perkins T.

" Wm. P. Carling II.

" Thos. Dickson St. B.

" O. L. Halstoad Sw. E.

" S. Broadbent W.

" G. P. M'Mellon y.

1865. Sir Jos. Godfrey E. C.

" W. A. Chittenden G.

" E. P. Kingsbury C. G.

" Chiis. A. Stevens P.

" John Van Yechten S. W.

" J. G. Sanderson J. AV.

" Wm. H. Perkins T.

" W. P. Carling E.

" O. L. Halstead St. B.

" Thos. Dickson Sw. E.

" Sid. Broadbent W.

" G. P. McMellen S.

1866. Sir Jos. Godfrey E. C

" Cha.?. A. Stevens G

" Tho.?. E. Gcddis : C. G.

" r. L. Hiller P.

' A. E. Stevens S. AV.

" A Davis J. W.

" Wm. H. Perkins T.

" Wm. P. Connell E.

" M. May St. E.

" S. E. Shick Sw. E.

" J. Bryant W.

" G. P.'M'Mellen S.

1867. Sir Charles A. Stevens E. C.

" Thomas E. Geddi< G.

" A. E. Stevens : C. G.

" John A. Price P.

' A. Davis S. W.

92 SCRANTON CITT DIRECTORY.

" M. H. Dale J. W.

" W. H. Perkins T.

" F. J. Amsden K.

" Wm. P. Connell St. B.

" R. E. Shiek Sw. B.

" James Ruthven W,

" G. P. McMellen S.

(Jn the 30th of July, 1863, the Masonic Hall was burned and many of the properties belonging to the different orders destroyed. They now occupy a capacious Hall fitted up in the building now owned by the First National Bank, where all the orders meet, except Hiram Lodge, No. 261, Hyde Park Lodge, No. 339, and Mt. Carmel Council, No. 30.

I. O. of O. F.

RESIDENZ LODGE,

No. 513, I. O. of O.F., atScranton, commenced Dec. 29th, 1854.

Charter members 17

Members at present 194

OFFICERS :

N. G., Philipp C. Schmidt; V. G., Joseph Grieser ; 1st Secretary, Moritz Frick ; 2nd Secretary, George Heher ; Treasurer, Andrew Main- zer ; Conductor, Michael Miller ; Guard, outside, Adam Koch ; Guard, inside, William Puhl ; 1st Overseer, JohnHahn; ;2nd Overseer, Jacob Berghauser ; Right Supporter of N. G., Charles Erhardt ; Left Supporter of N. G., Daniel Keiper ; Right Supporter of V. G., Frederick Puntius ; Left Supporter of V. G., Jacob Balus ; First Schnehalter, Christian Mos- kat ; Second Schnehalter, Peter Schaefer.

Names of Past Graxds. - 1, August Farber ; 2, Henry Assion ; 3, Jacob Frick ; 4, Samuel Wertheimer ; 5, Jacob Engel ; 6, Carl Helm : 7, Carl Fischer; 8, Carl Duppre; 9, Joseph Baumeister ; 10, John Schcucr ; 11, Geo. Kaiser ; 12, Cbas. Heussner ; 13, Reinhardt Schrcn- feldt; 14, Enn^nuel Green ; 15, Jacob Sapp ; 16, Chas. Art: 17, Geo. Hartmann : 18, Peter 3Iichaeli.'^ ; 10, Danid Kallmann.

l,{egular meeting every WednOfday, at 7\ o'clock, in Fuller's Hall.

SCHOOLS AND SdClKTIKS. 93

AinilX ENCAMrMENT.

No. 124, I. <). of C). F., orgauiztHl at Seranto]i July lOtli, ISoT, :it a special mootinc;. Tho lirst r0i;-ular ini'i'tiiii;- was Ik'UI July ITtli.

Bernard Ofiicr, 1 Vh. B Dead.

Poter Hcibsen 2 " -' Suspoiuled.

Joseph Gunster ?. " "

Jacob Kunz 4 " -'

Freidriol; Weichel 5 '' "

Siegfried Sntto C " "

Frciderick Kreiliih 7 " '

Joseph Gunster _-. 8 " "

Franz Dittmaii 9 " -

Christian Sollncr 10 " ''

Christian Robinson 11 " -' Dead,

Ernst Fischer 12 ' '

Carl Helm 13 " "

Carl Duppri 14 " "

Joseph Banmeister lo " "

DanielKulhnann 1(1 ' "

Carl Art 17 " '-

Peter Miehaelis 18 " '-

Philip Pfoifer in " "

George Kleinschrodt 20 " "

Members 117.

Meeting first and tliird Monday each luontli, in Fuller's Hall.

CH.VKTKR MKM1*:Rs!.

Bernard Ofucr Ch. Patriarch.

Peter Heib.son H. Priest.

Joseph Gunster vScn. Warden.

Jacob Kung Jnn. AVardon.

Ferdinand Burger Scribe.

Franzis Dittmann Treasurer.

PRE.'^ENT OFFICEK.^.

Charles Henssner Ch. Patriarch.

Joseph Brandle Sen. H. P.

Theodore Hessinger Sen. "Warden.

Ernest Fischer Scribe.

Henry Assion Treasun-r.

ALLIANCE LODGE,

No. 040 I. O. of O. F. meets every Tuesday evening at La Fayettr Ilall ; Instituted May 0th, 18.58. Present officers :

Philij.p Weichel N. G.

Michael Munzer Y. ii.

94 - SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

George Stocber R. Secty.

William Linn P. Secty.

Abraham Weicliel . Treas.

LACKAWANNA LODGE.

No. 291, I. O. of 0. F., of Pa., was instituted in the Odd Fellows Hall, in Scranton, on the 16th day of March, 1848. The present elective offi- cers are as follows, viz :

John C. Plotts, N. G.

George Mann, V. G.

D. K. Kressler, E. S.

Daniel E. Hineline, A. S.

George B. Chase, P. S.

Thomas Beesecker, Treas.

Lodge meets Saturday evenings, at 7J o'clock, in Fuller's Hall.

SCEANTONIA ENCAMPMENT. No. 81, I. O. of O. F., was instituted in Odd Fellows Hall, Scranton, March 16th, 1849. Present elective officers are :

John Scragg, C. P.

S. W. Keller, H. P.

Wm. Blume, S. W.

John E. Powell, G. W.

Thomas P. Harper, Scribe.

D. K. Kressler, Treas.

Meetings in Fuller's Hall, 2nd and 4th Wednesdays each month.

LINCOLN LODGE - PROVIDENCE.

Lincoln Lodge, No. 492 (formerly Dunmore), was instituted at Dun- more, June 27th, 1853, Joseph Godfrey, Henry W. Derby, C. H. Derby, R. W. Kipple, Geo. B. Wert, charter members; was removed to Provi- dence, its present location, November 1st, 1864. Officers: Elisha Hunt, N. G. ; John Levi, V. G. ; John Long, Secretary ; John Lewis, Treas- urer; C. H. Derby, Rep. to G. L. Has fourteen Past Grands, and one hundred and thirty members, and is in a very flourishing condition.

Independent Order of Good Templars.

Scranton Lodge, No. 158, was organized Feb. Gth, 1866, with the following named charter members, viz :

A. H. Coursen, E. E. Walters, Moses Caldwell, A. E. Albright, J. W. Brock, G. B. Silsbee, George Coray, R. S. Benjamin, D. N. Green, J. E. Lent, J. B. Siste.

S('1I(10I.S AND SOC'IKTIES. Of)

The Lodge i> in a hi^altliy and tliriviiii; condition, numbering at this time 405 members, with an average attendance each ov(>ning of one hund- red and fifty. Tlie Lodge room is a well veiitilated and spacious apart- ment, handsomely decorated and furnished, located in the third story of Charles Schliiger's building, known as Wyoming Hall, on the corner of Washington and Lackawanna Avenues, greetings arc held on every Monday evening at 8 o'clock. Tlio ]>re-ent ollieers of the Lodge arc -

D. N.Green AV. C. T.

G. B. Silsbee G. W. C. T.

MissM. V. Ladd W. V. T.

George Johnson W. S. T.

J. E. Lent W. T.

A. E. Albright W. O. G.

Sons of Temperance.

Scrunton Division, No. 283, Sons of Temperance, was instituted June 29th, 1866, with eight members - to wit: Benjamin Jay, T. N. Watson, J. S. Kuple, Geo. B. Chase, I. B. Sisty, G. P. McMillan, J. B. Adams, and J. R. Barlow, - in addition to these, Charles Fuller and F. S. Ger- rard were petitioners for a charter and subsequently became members of the Division. Although the Division has not increased in members and jiower as rapidly as could be desired, yet there has been a steady and healthy growth of earnest workers in the cause, who are Temperance men from a conviction of its vital importance as a nieans of moral re- form. The Division at this writing numbers some 60 members. The present elective officers are : J. S. Ruple, W. P. ; D. K. Kressler, W. A. ; M. F. Stilwell, Ft. S. ; J. n. Adams, O. P. S. ; G. B. Chase, F. S. ; Watts Cooke, Treas. ; J. J. Maycock, Chap. ; F. W. Watson, Con. ; H. S. Eobeson, A. C. ; Jas. F. Randolph, I. 8. . Fred. Fellen.ser, (). S.

Scranton Base Ball Club of Scranton.

This Club, now eminently and justh' an organization which Scran- ton and vicinity may well be proud of, was first organized under the name of " Wyoming B. B. C." by James A. Linen, M. D. Botsford, H. C. Dowd, F. H. Simpson, P. C. Carling, and C. H. Welles, ]\ray 6, 1865.

1)6 SCRA>-TON CITY UIRECTORY.

Up tu this time Base Ball - now the great National game - had hardl}- lieen thought of iii this community, and the original organizers named above, had scarcely faith enough to attempt to start the enterprise, but Mr. James A. Linen, to whom the Club is really indebted for its birth, and largely its grand success, infused his spirit into others, and with this commencement it rapidly grew in favor and support. The first challenge for a match was received from the Susquehanna Club of Wilkes-Barre, and accepted August 29th, 1865 ; game to be played upon the grounds of former, Friday, Sept. 1, 1865, play to be called at 3:30 p. m. This an- nouncement to the public gave a new incentive to the interest in the club, now rapidly increasing. The match came oft' at the time and place appointed, in the presence of a large number of citizens of both sexes, amid great enthusiasm, and proved a signal victory for the Scranton Club, which lucky star has followed the organization to the present time.

On the 11th July, 1866, the name of the club was deemed inappropri- ate, as it had no local significance, and no claim could be made to it, it was therefore changed to its present title, under which tlie organization has been chartered by an Act of Assembly, ap})ro^-ed the 23d day of March, A. D., 1867, with power to hold lands, execute leases, sue and be sued, &c. The Club has labored under a great disadvantage in procuring suitable grounds within convenient limits, till in the spring of 1866 they succeeded in securing grounds of the Lackawanna Iron & Coal Co., sit- uate on the banks of the Lackawanna river, for a term of five years, but the onward march of improvement put a railroad through the centre of the same, destroying them for Base Ball purposes, causing a loss to the Club of about $500. This compelled them to locate new grounds, which they have succeeded in doing on the huids of Ira Tripp, Esq., known as the Scranton Kace Course, directly alongside of the track of the People's Street Eailway of Luzerne County. These grounds have been secured for one year, with the jmvilego of three years additional, and at the present writing, are being put in condition for play and practice. The })rescnt grounds are pleasantly located, and it will be the effort of the club to make them attractive to visitors and all lovers of the game of Base Ball. Since the organization of the Club it has played some fifteen matches with various Clubs from this and New York State, and out of that number has vanquished all butone, and that the famous " Athletic,'- of Philadelphia. The record of the Scranton B. B. C. is one that any Club in the country may justly be proud of - and it is the aim of its members, (which number about 150 active and sustaining,) to preserve its laurels ondti'Ojihies untar- nished, and keep tliis manly and noble game pure from immoral influen- ces or anything calculated to render it in any degree less than what it should be - beneficial to all connected with it, moi-ally, phj-sically and mentally, and to disc'ountcnance the use of intoxicating liquors as a bev- . oragc.

The following have composed tlie 1st ninu, winning the glory on the

SCHlKiLS AN1> SOCIKTIKS. '.»(

tiL'ld up to tlic present tiiao : J. A. Linen, Cajitain and i'itfher ; M. I). Botsford, Catcher; Win. M. Silkman, 1st Base ; H. C. Dowd, 2d Base ; K. J. Matthews, 3d Base ; Walter Chiir, Left Field ; Charles A. Hurl- butt, Centre Field ; Wnu T. Hickok, Short Stuj.. Tlie j.osition of Kit^ht Field has been filled by ditYercnt ones.

April 3, 18G7, the Club re-organized under its charter, and elected of- ficers for the ensuing year as follows : Fred. Fuller, President; Wnv. M. Silkman, Vice-President; M. D. Botsford, Treasurer; F. L. Hitchock, Kecordmg Secretary; 11. A. Coursen, Financial Secretary; Ale.v Ruthven, Scorer. A brilliant sea.son is antioijiated for the present year.

Scranton Fire Department.

By authority of an ordinance, passed It}' the councils, Lady Washington Engine Co., No. 1, Scranton, and Franklin Engine Co., No. 1, Hyde Park, elected the following as officers of the Fire Department, in Jidy, 18G6, viz :

Chief John li. Keelej-.

1st Assi. Chief J. B. Adams.

2nd Asftf. Chief ; Samuel Heller.

Treasurer --J. W. Gregory.

Sccreinry Wni. iJrock.

There are at this time within the city limits the following comjianies :

Lady AVashington Steam Fire Engine, No. L

Lady Washington Engine Co., No. 1. (Comiiany disbanded.)

Franklin Engine Co., No. 1.

Nay Aug Hose Co., and

Neptune Engine Co., No. \.

Besides these engines, manned and fully enui]ipod for acti\'e serA'ice, the councils have made an appropriation for the purchase of three carriages, ladders, hooks, and ropes for the 4th, 2nd, and 8th AVard^. They arc purchased and will ho fully manned on the arrival of the carriages.

Homeopathic Medical Society.

The Homeopathic Jdedical Association for Luzerne Co. wa.- organized in Scrant'Hi, October 24th, ISiiti, at the otficc of Dr. Chas. A. Steven.-. The following Physicians were present: Dr. A. P. Gardner, of

98 t^CRANTON CITY BIRECTORY.

Dunniiigs; Dr. Wm. Brisbane, of Wilke.=-Barre ; Dr. J. P. Pfouts, of Wilkes-Barre ; Dr. G. Sperling, of Pittston ; Dr. A. F. Crans, of Carbondale ; Dr. A. E. Burr, of Scranton, and Dr. Cha.s. A. Stevcn.s, of Scranton.

The officer.? elected were

Dr. Chas. A. Stevens, M. D President.

Dr. A. P. Gardner Vice President.

Dr. William Brisbane Secty.

Dr. A. E. Burr Treas.

Drs. Sperling, Crans, and Pfouts were appointed Censors.

The Medical Men of the Valley.

In this brief mention of the medical men who have lived and still do live in this vicinity only a brief space can be allotted, and from the neces- sity of the case manj^ will be noticed who have never lived in what u now the city limits, but they practiced their professions among the early settlers of old Providence township. All these will be classified as far as practicable according to dates, making certain landmarks of the most con- spicious, filling up with names of others together with time of the en- trance to and exit from the scenes of their labors.

As landmarks we mention the names of Doctor Joseph Davis, Dr. Silas B. Eobinson, Dr. B. H. Throop, and Dr. B. A. Bouton - two dead and two living - who perhaps more than others have made a lasting impres- sion upon the people of this community.

1771 - DR. JOSEPH SPRAGUE.

Tiic first practicing physician of the upper Lackawanna, wa« Dr. Jos. Sprague, a native of Hartford, Ct. He settled between Spring Brook and Pittston Ferry. As the inhabitants were few he paid more attention to speculation in land than to medicine. He died in his native State in 1784.

1772 - DR. WILLIAM HOOKER SMITH.

Although living in Wilkes-Barre, attended to medical calls in thi.-^ jiart of the county ; he at one time erected a furnace for smelting iron at Old Forge, and is the first man in the vallej- who succeeded in burning stone-coal. He lived an honorable and upright life, and died in Wyoming euuntj' at the advanced age of 91 years.

1773 - DR. JOSEPH DAVIS.

The third Physician coming to the valley was Doctor Davis, who more than any man of his time was famous for his bold and skillful ap- pliance of the healing art. He was born in New Haven, Ct., in 1732, and graduated at Yale College ; he settled here soon after the Revolutionary

MEDICAL MKN OF THK VALLKY. HO

war, and juc-h was his ability and force of charaftor, that in sjiito of un- couth manners and eccentric habits he controlled the whole surgical prac- tice of the two vallios and a largo extent of country for 150 miles around. The Doctor as he waxfd old became a persistent hoarder of money, and quite a sum of silver dollars was found in an old wooden chest sonu- years after his death, which occurred July 30th, 1830, at the extraordinary age (fur a physician) of 98 years.

1789 - DR. XATIIANIKL GIDBIXGS.

Came to tliis valley in 1789. lie was a man of few words, fine attain- ments, and a christian gentleman of the old school. In 1851 he died full of honors and full of years.

1812 - DR. REUBKN MOXTROSS.

A singular character by tin; name of Doctor Montross lived in North- moreland about the year 1812. He possessed a great deal of shrewdness and knaverj-, and by his strong will gained an immense reputation among the superstitious and ignorant. He boasted of being the 7th son of the 7th son, no daughter intervening to break the magic number. He was one of the natural bone-setters ; performed incantations and talked away burns - Doctor Hollister (from whose notes these sketches are taken) in his forthcoming history of medical m«n, relates many amu.«- ing anecdotes about old Doctor 3Iontross.

1813 - DR. MASON CKARY.

Practiced medicine in this locality for 11 years. He died in AVaync count}', September, 1856.

1815 DR. WILLIAM N. XICHOLiS.

Practiced in this territory somewhat extensively, although settled in the adjoining town of Abington at Clark's Green. He died .'suddenly in 1824.

1823 DR. SILAS ROIUXSON.

The next land-mark indicating a new era was Dr. Robinson, who lived long and observed many of the stirring events in the Upper Lackawanna. He was a connecting link between the old stage coach da3's of Slocum Hollow and the fast Iron age of Scranton city. He was the first Doctor .settling in Providence township, which at that time (1823) contained three hurulred and sixty-eight souls. A modest and unassuming man, mak- ing no pretentions to eminence, he was a man, of strict integrity, charitable disposition, and had a kind heart. He died in 18(50, dooply regretted hv a large circle of friends and former patients.

1824 - DR. AXDRKW" BEDFORD.

Settled in Abington in 1824, and although never a resident uf Soraut"n or Providence, yet he has been so intimately connected with its growth and prosperity that honorable mention is made of him in this connection. Dr. B. practiced medicine for 10 years, since which time he has turned his attention to the Drug trade - and other pursuits - occasionally acting as consulting physician. His social qualities, affable manners, and strict in-

100 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

tegrity render him exceedingly popular as a citizen. Ho still reside? in Wavcrly borough .

1834 - DR. HIRAM NICHOL.'^.

Resides at Chirk 's G-reen, where he settled in 1834, soon after graduating.

1834 - DR. DAVID SEAVER,

horn in the adjoining Countj' of Susquehanna, moved into Providence Township in 1834, where lie remained until 1837, when, owing to the ])revalent financial crash, he was forced to leave to avoid imprisonment for debt.

1830 - DR. HIRAM BLOIS

settled in Providence in the year above stated. He made his exit from Providence to Honesdale in 1841.

Also in the same year came to Providence, Doctor Osgood, in the character of a Root doctor. His name is mentioned here because he came and went.

1840 DR. ]!. H. THROOP.

Doctor Throop was born, 1811, in the village of Oxford, N. Y., read medicine with the celebrated Dr. Packard, of Oxford, and graduated in 1833, at the Fairfield Medical College. Soon afterwards he settled in Honesdale, where he rapidly rose to the liead of his profession.

Not being satisfied Avith this locality, he removed to Oswego, N. Y., Avhere he practiced one year. In 183-5, Dr. Throop located in N. Y. City, where he became enamoured with the passion of speculation which has never yet deserted him. The years 1837-38-39 were passed by the Doctca- mostly in Carbondale and Providcjice and he was not considered a permanent resident of this Valley until 1840. Doctor Throop is a bold, quick thinker, of great- perceptive poAvers, and in his treatment of disease pays more heed to coynmon sense than any other physician in the Valley; he is n(.)AV in the prime of life, and is too well knoAvn in this community to need an extended notice in a Avork of this character.

1845. - -DOCTOR AVILLIAM H. I'lER.

Doctor Pier is a native of this State, and settled in Hyde Park in 1845, making, Avith Dr. Throop and Dr. Silas Robinson, the only physicians practicing between Pittston and Carbondale. In 1846 Doctor Pier jnoved acrcssthe river toScranton, where he has since continued to reside, Avith the exception of a temporary residence of three years at "VYilkes- Barre, while Protln)notary of this County. Dr. Pier is a square, frank, honest man, and A'ery popular among all classes as a physician. He is now Post Master of Scranton.

1846 - D0CTOR.S HAN1''0UD i HOLLISTEK.

Dr. Nehomiah Hanford settled this year, 1846, in Providence, wharc he imjoyed a limited practice for two years, when he returned to N. Y. State and died soon afterwards.

Doctor H. Hollister Avas born in Wayne Co., in 1822, studied medicine Avith Dr. Throo]), and graduated in 1846, wheveupon ho immediately

MEDICAL MEN OK THK VALLKY. 101

located in Providence. Ho is a shrewd, iiidiistrious, and occcntrie character ; has devoted much time t(i literary pursuits and historical research and is reall}- destined to make a mark upon our tim'is which will bi- remembered long after every piiysieian now residing in northern Penn- sylvania is dead and forgotten. Doctor HoUister has an extensive and lucrative practice; is the author of the history of the Laekiiwanna "\^alli'y ; is proprietor of a batch of family ]\[edii'incs, and last, though not least, has gathered together a large and valuable collection of Indian relics, the last remaining trace of the red man once existing in our midst.

1847 - DR. AVHEKLER.

1847 - During this year Dr. Silas M. Wheeler, a native of the State of New York, settled in AVaverly. He practiced medicine for several years. Selling his property to Doctor H. S. Cooper, he removed to Hawley, Wayne County, Pa., and a year or two afterwards moved to Hyde Park, where he continued until 1861, when he returned to W^averly, where he enjoys a large and lucrative practice. The subject of this sketch is a man of rare ability, devotedly attached to principle, and whose opinions, right or wrong, are adhered to with a tenacity and firmness never .seen except among those in the full conciousness of being right.

1847 - DOCTOR J. C. MILES,

a native of Susquehanna County, commenced his professional course in Abington, in the year above mentioned. He is of a speculative cut, and devotes a considerable portion of his time to mercantile pursuits. He is still living at Waverly, Pa.

1850 - DR. ROBERT.s.

At this time Dr. Henry Roberts removed from Skinner's Eddy to Providence, where he continued for three years, when he trans- ferred his property and practice to Doctor Bouton. After an absence of many years, engaged in other pursuits, he again came to Providence, where he still follows his calling.

1850 - DOCTOR JULIAX N. WILSON

was the tirst physician who settled in Duninore, after tlie departure of Doctor Hamlin. Thirty-four years before, after practicing here for two years, he removed to Salem, Wayne County, where he has resided until lately. We believe he has settled in Carbondale.

1851 - DR. .JAMES MCMILLAN

opened an office in Dunmore, but not being j)leased witli the location lie removed to California the year afterward.

1851 - DOCTOR JOHN li. SIIERRERD

took up liis abode in Scranton and soon after went into a partnership witli Doctor Throop. The second drug store in Scranton was erected by Dr. Sherrerd, which at that time was considered too far down town for a success. It is the building next to and above Hunt Brothers hai-dwarc? Store. Si)on after Dr. Sherrerd had finished and stocked his drutc store

102 SCRAXTON CITY DIRECTORY.

he was prostrated b}- typhoid fever and died universally regretted hy every one.

1852 - DR. GEO. W. MASSER.

Hearing of the prosperity of the coming city, left an extensive practice at Mauch-Chunk and emigrated, as many had done and many were destined to do, to this fast growing town. At this time himself, Dr. Pier, and Dr. Throop, were the only physicians of any notein Scranton proper. In 1862 Dr. Masser, in company with Dr. Allen, of Hyde Park, reported to the Medical Director at Fortress Monroe, where he was immediately invested with important duties in that department, in which position he continued until his transfer to the department of the West, where he con- tinued until nearly the close of he war. Dr. M. still resides in Scranton, and holds the office of examining Surgeon for Pensions.

1852 - DR. ANDREW NILES.

Opened an office in Dunmore v,-hcre he practiced a short time and re- moved to Waymart.

1853 - DR. li. A. nouTOx.

Is the oldest medical practitioner in this valley, and one of the best. - For upwards of 40 years he has been a faithful observer and earnest worker at the bedside of the sick and suffering, knowing little of what is going on in the busy world around him, and thinking of nothing but the details of his business. The Doctor with step unsteady but eye undimmed, still continues to bring to suffering humanity the aid of a long experience and wonderful fertility of resource whicli few can command. Dr. Bouton was born in New Haven, Ct., graduated at Philadelphia, and first settled in the village of Tunkhannock, where for over a quarter of century lie stood first and foremost in the estimation of the people along the Susque- hanna. In 1853 he removed to Providence, where at a ripe old age he continues his arduous rotine of professional duties, and will probably die in the harness.

1853 - DR. JOHOTIIA.M LEAVITT.

Opened an office in Scranton, but only practiced a short time (one year) when he accepted a tempting salary as Physician on the Panama Kail Eoad, since which time but little is known of him.

1853 - DR. GEORGE U. LEAitANS.

A student of Dr. Miles and graduate of the Pennsylvania Medical Col- lege, settled in Dunmore, he being the 5th Physician of that place. In 1865 Dr. S. removed his family to the State of Delaware, where he intends permanently to reside.

1853 - DR. J. V. KLEEGE.

Came to Scranton, practiced medicine in a few familie-, when lie b'ft for the Panama Rail Road.

1854 - DR. A. DAVIS.

Removed from Factoryville to Scranton and Iniilt the lirst liouse on Franklin avenue. In 1857 in connection with Mr. Adams, was Editor and Proi)rietor of the Herald of tlic Union, in which capacity ho ciuitimied

MEDICAL MKX OK THK VALLKY. 103

for three years, taking in as a partner Dr. iS. M. "VVhoeler, one year after Mr. Adams retired. In 1861 he removed across the river to Hyde Park, where he has since practioed,witlfthecxceptionof nine months as Surgeon in one of the Pennsylvania Kegiments, in the Army of the Potomac.

1854 - I)R. LUCIUS FRENCH.

A native of New York State opened an office in Hyde Park. Soon afterwards he formed a copartnership with Dr. Squire, which terminated in 1859, wlicn Dr. French returned to N. Y. Dr. F. joined the army in 1862, and is now a resident of Davenport, Iowa.

1855 - DR. R. A. SQUIRE.

After practicing ono year with his preceptor, located in Hyde Park Avhere a.s above mentioned he formed a partnership with Dr. French. - Soon after Dr. French left Hyde Park Dr. S. came to Scranton, where he still continues to practice witli an industry and success exceUed ])y none and equalled by few.

1856 - DR. S. B. STURDEVAXT,

son of Hon. John Sturdevant, was born 1830, read medicine with Dr. Bouton, received his degree of M. D. at the Jefferson Medical College, and opened an office in Dunmore in the above mentioned year. In 1860 Doctor Sturdevant joined the army of the Potomac in capacity of Surgeon, where he followed its varying fortunes until peace was declared. Dr. S. is now following his calling in Providence.

1856 - DR. M. H. CAPWELL,

a native of Factoryville, Wj^oming County, settled in Duuuiore, in 1856 ; practicing here for several years he returned to his native village where, unlike most prophets, he is honored in his own country.

1857 - DRS. EROTHINGHAM, GIBBS, MAR.SH, AND MARR.

In 1857, Drs. Frothingham, Gibbs, Marsh, and Marr located in this vicinity nearly at the same time. Doctor William Frothingnarn continued to practice medicine until the commencement of the late war, when he joined a New York Regiment as Surgeon, where he continued, until ill health forced him to resign. He is now pi-acticing in N. "i . Cit}-.

Doctor J. "W. Gibbs located in Hyde Park, whore he at present resides and has command of a lucrative practice.

Doctor A. F. Marsh, the 16th regular jdiysician settling in Scranton Borough, was an Englishman by birth and exhibited many of the jieculiarities of the foreigner who never means to bo Americanized. In 1850 Dr. M. went to Maryland, and from thence to the Army of the Potomac as Surgeon, and was taken prisoner in the retreat of McClellan from Eichmond. Soon after being exchanged he received the appoint- ment of Medical Director in the Department of the South and was honorably discharged at tin,' end of tlie war. Ho is now located at Port Jervis, N. Y.

Doctor 3Iarr is dead.

Doctor E. W. Well-, a student of Dr. Boutun, opened an office in

104 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

Scranton, carrj-ing on at the same time the business of a Druggist. He is now engaged principally in the manufacture and sale of Patent Medicines and resides in N. Y. Citj'.

1859 - DOCTORS GREEN & LADD,

located in Scranton borough. Doctor William Greeu continued in fScranton until 1862, when he removed to the state of New York, and engaged in the drug trade. Doctor Horace Ladd was born in 1826 ; after practicing two years in Philadelphia, located in Scranton, where he still resides.

1861 - DOCTOR FRANCIS WAGNER,

was born in Hanover, Germany ; graduated in Goettinger, in 1857, prac- ticed in Honesdale two years, and located in Scranton, 1861.

DOCTOR GEORGE B. BOYD,

lirst came to Scranton in 1853 or '54, and purchased of the estate of Dr. Shcrrerd, the drug store built by him ; he continued in the drug trade until nearly the commencement of the war, when he entered a hospital in Philadelphia, and continued in the Medical Department of the U. S. until the close of the war, and then commenced practice in Scranton.

18G6 - DOCTOR N. Y. LEET.

born in this State, iu 1831 ; graduated in 1853, at the University of Pa. ; entered the army at the beginning of the war as surgeon, and remained in that capacity until hostilities ceased. January 1st, 1866, Doctor Leet entered into partnership with Doctor Throop, in Scranton, where they both continue to practice.

1866 - DOCTOR A. W. BURNS.

a native of Susq. Co., graduated in 1866, at Burlington, Vt., and settled in Scranton in July of the same year.

1867 - DOCTORS BENTON & FISHER.

Doctor J. B. Benton, a native of Owego, N. Y., was born iu 1811, practiced for the most of his life in the State of New York, and came to Scranton, May 1st of the present year.

Doctor Chas. H. Fisher commenced practice in the army, entering the service as a medical cadet and leaving it as Surgeon U. S. C. V. ; ho (-ommencod practice in Scranton in connection with Dr. Benton.

HOMCEOPATHISTS.

1854 - DOCTOR A. p. GARDENER

was theiirft Homceopathic physician locating in Scranton; this was iu "54, wliere he continued until ill health forced him, in 1859, to relinquish his liractice and move to his farm in Madison township, where he now resides.

1855 - DOCTOR REYNOLDS

opened an othce in Scranton, about this 3"ear, and i.mly remained a short time.

MEDICAL MKN OK THE VALLEY. 105

DOCTOR A. V. Hl'XT

k)C:\tod in Scranton in 1858, and remained until 18G2, when lie went to Massachatctt^^.

1862 - DOCTOR cn\^. a. .stevexs,

!t native of Delaware County, N. Y., was born 1818, graduated at Geneva Medical College in 1841. Soonafter he investigated homojopathy, adopted it, and for the la.5t twenty-five years has been successfully practicing thai, system, locating in Scranton in June, 18G2.

1865 - DOCTOR A. E. BVRR

graduated at the Albany Medical College in 1859, first located in Car- bondale, in 1850. From there, after spending six months in Califoruia,he '\inic to Scranton in 1865.

Notices of Business Firms.

A SPLENDID BOOT MAKEK.

Peter Kahler, of Wyoming avenue, is admitted on all hands to be one of the best boot makers in this city. So celebrated is the skill of Mr. Kahler that orders for boots come pouring in from the surrounding coun- try, for a distance of hundreds of miles. Mr. Kahler has had tlie honor to manufacture boots for the late President of the United States, Mr. Lincoln, and also for the jiresent President, Andrew Johnson, from both of whom he has letters speaking in the highest terms of the fit and workmanship of his boots. Mr. Lincoln was particularly enthusiastic in his praise of Mr. Kahler's work, and in his letters assures Mr. Kahler that in all his experience he has found nobody who can compare with him in the ease and beauty of fit of his boots, or in the taste and fini-^h of their workmanship.

MUSICAL DEPARTMENT.

The Music Hou.se of L. B. Powell, located at 116 Penn. Avenue, was erstablished in August, 1863, and constituted an era in the growth and de- velopment of the science of music and trade in musical merchandise, not only in Scranton but in a very large section of the adjacent countrj'. There had been previous to that time comparatively fev/ instruments sold in the place and the demand for musical instruction was very limited. Nothing up this timu had ever been attempted in the way of advertising the sale of musicaKinstrumcnts through the newspapers, and when Mr. Powell announced through the difterent advertising mediums his intention to establish and conduct a distinct musical business, the project was regarded by the most of the citizens as an impracticable scheme and it was generallv }»redictcd that the life of the establishment would be of 11

106 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

short duration. Trade came in slowly at first and many would have been discouraged at the result of the first half year's labor ; but by continued eftbrt and a stern determination on the part of the proprietor to overcome all obstacles, the trade has gradually increased until the business has become one of the most extensive in the State, and the amount of goods in stock greater than can be found, with but few exceptions, outside of our largest cities. Mr. Powell has succeeded in making his establishment the centre of a large wholesale trade, and is at present furnishing dealers, not only in Pennsylvania but through a large portion of New York State. The result is all the more gratifying when we take into consideration the fact that his etYorts have not only tended to build up his own trade, but have been the means of inducing others to embark in the same business, and by infusing life and activity, have consequently contributed to the success of the eff"orts made through other channels in this department of trade. The great increase of the music business in Scranton has also created an increased demand for musical in.struction, until now the teachers in this department within the limits of the city number nearly twenty, some of them ranking very high as pianists and vocalists.

GARDNER'S BUSINESS COLLEGE.

This Institution, located on Lackawanna Avenue in this city, although commenced but little more than six months since, has hy the liberal patron- age which has been bestowed upon it attained a high rank and impor- tance among the institutions of learning which grace our city. At first the enterprise was an experiment, and its success depended entirely on the ability of its managers, 3Iessrs. Gardner & "VYheeler, who have proven themselves " masters of the situation." Mr. Wheeler withdrew his in- terest in the management on the 1st Dec. last, and Mr. J. N. Gardner has since then had the sole conduct of this institution. He employs the ser- vices of four competent and highly educated teachers, who serve in the various departments allotted to them. A student may here obtain a thorough commercial and business education as well as a classical one. - The commercial course includes, Reading, History, Commercial Arith- metic and Correspondence, Practical Business Pennmanship, Single and Double Entry' Book-Keepino, Wholesale and Retail Business, Rail- roading, Shipping, Jobbing, Forwarding and Commission, Negotiating Loans, Bills of Exchange, Banking, &c. There is also a Ladies' depart- ment under the management of n comjietent Lady Teacher, which we arc informed is well patronized, a large number of young Misses being in attendance fitting themselves for teachers.

PRODUCE AND FISH.

The Produce and Fish Market of Stewart and Slockbowcr, on Lacka- wanna avenue, just east of the AVyoming House, is a very neat and tasteful institution. This enterprise was started the first of April, by the above

NOTICES OF nUSIXESS FIRMS. 107

named gentlemen, and the .success which has attended it ever since its opening, is well attested by the crowds of jnirchasers who flock there dail}-. These gentlemen are both experienced market men, and possess unrivalled facilities for procuring fresli vegetables, fresh lish, &c., &c., for their market. Families will be sure to have their tables ii-ell supplied by ]>atronizing this market.

W. G. NEW^IAN & CO. The fish and vegetable market of W. G. Newman & Co., on Peni) avenue, is really metropolitan in appearance, and a person can easily imagine, while passing through this elaborate institution and seeing the great profusion of vegetables, fresh fish, clams, oysters, lobsters, etc., etc., exposed here for sale, that he is in Washington Market in New York. These gentlemen possess facilities for the purchasing of every thing in their line that few market men have. One of the firm is stationed in New York City, and remains there, v.-hose business it is to make purcha- ses from day to day and send the same, ])y express, to the market here, thus enabling them to keep a fresh supply on hand constantly. Attached to this market is a very fine confcjctionery establishment, doing a large and lucrative trade.

SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS.

The following was publi.s;hed in the Scranton Kepubliean, under date of April lf*th :

Energy, honesty, industry, and perseverance are virtues whicii when properly employed are sure to carry on a successful business. As an instance of this we vv'ould call attention to the boot, shoe, and trunk store of F. E. Nettleton, on Lackawanna Avenue, opposite the Wyoming house. Mr. Nettleton not only deserves credit for the zeal and integrity with which he conducts his establishment, but deserves tlie support and ])atronage of our citizens.

Those of our citizens who have not visited the extensive and well regulated Boot and Shoe establi^hment of Mr. F. E. Nettleton, 40G Lackawanna Avenue, opposite the Wyoming House, are not aware of tho vast improvement made in the Boot and Shoe trade of the city of Scranton.

We have long needed a first class Wholesale and Retail Boot and Shoe House in our City, and that want has been fully met by the energy and business talent of Isir. Nettleton. He is one of the best manufacturers of custom v/ork in this section, and we understand he is prepared to supph-- dealers in Boots and Shoes at vrholesale prices.

With an experience of 14 years in the Boot and Shoe business in one of the best Houses in New York Slate, tliero is no reason why Mr. Nettleton should not be fully up to the times in every department of his business.

Those of our citizens who have been accustomed to go to New York and Philadelphia to make their purchases cannot fail now to be accommodated in our own city. We wish success to onterpri-c- of tliis kind.

108 SCRAKTOX CITY DIRECTOEY.

MEGARGEL & CO., at No. 114, Lackawanna avenue, have become famous for selling good groceries of all descriptions, at the lowest possible figures. Who, in this section of country, for miles around, has not heard of Megargel & Co's cheap grocery and provision store, and great tea emporium ? This firm is composed of men who perfectly understand the art of buying, and the " selling part" is a consequence that natura.lly follows. Housekeepers will hnj of those they can make the best bargains with, and Megargel and Co. are endeavoring to make the impression that their store is the place to accomplish so desirable an object.

GROCEEIES Al<rD PROVISIONy.

Messrs. H. & A. D. Holland, dealers in groceries and provisions, No. 426, Lackawanna avenue, have a fine stock of groceries, and are young- men eminently deserving the patronage of the public. "With business integ- nity, based on well grounded moral principles, their success in life may be considered a foregone conclusion, when we consider' that to their other qualifications the}' unite business capacity of a superior order. Knowing them well and thoroughly, we take pleasure in commending them to the people of Scranton as gentlemen who deserve, in an eminent degree, their confidence and support.

FURNITURE.

Colvin & Co., furniture dealers, 31G Lackawiunia avenue, have a splendid assortment of goods in their line, to which they invite the attention of buj'ers, with full assurance that they can offer them as good bargains as can be found at any other establishment of the kind in Northern Pennsyl- vania. They invite those in want of anything in their line, to call, inspect their wares, learn their prices, and if they are not satisfied that they can do as well or better then they can do elsewhere, they will not be urged to

uurchase.

FISHER & WHITMORE BROS.

Wholesale and Retail dealers in Dry Goods, are doing a very largo and lucrative trade. Their store No. 319, Lackawanna avenue, is an exten- sive establishment filled to its utmost capacity with everything in the Dry Goods line. The basement story, which extends under the whole of their building, is also crammed full of Goods, and is used exclusively as their wholesale department. The amount of trade which this firm transacts in the course of a year is enormous, and is still on the increase. These gentlemen have transacted business in this city for a number of years past, and their uniform course of honorable dealing luis done much to- wards establishing their large and increasing trade. Country merchants and others can here be supplied witli everythiiig in thi: wuy of Dry Goods at the lowest wholesale prices.

PERSONAL.

Among the number uf retail Grocery and Pruvisiun Stores in Scranton,

XOTICKS OF HUSIXESS FIRMS. lOH

Tiono are kept in neuter or better .<t3ie than the store of J. A. Ladd, on Ponn Avenue, near Lackawanna. A large and general assortment of cvorythinpc in his lino is hero found, and customers arc politcl}- treated by Mr. Ladd and hi.* assistants. By an honorable and fair course of dealing he ha- now an enviable reputation and a largo trade. Givo him a call.

HOTELS. Scranton boasts of three well conducted Hotels, viz : the Wyoming House, the St. Charles Hotel, and the Forest House. The Wyo- ming House, located on the corner of Wyoming and Lackawanna Avenue, is a large brick structure, conducted by S. M. Nash, Landlord. Travel- lers and others will find his table well supplied with everything the mar- ket alibrds, and clean and comfortable apartments for lodging. The St. Charles Hotel is also a large brick building, conducted by Charles H. Brainard, Landlord, and is kept in " first class style." It is located on Ponn Avenue, near Lackawanna Avenue, and is convenient to the Kail-Pioad Depot. The Forest House, kept by Keed & Schoonmaker, is located on the corner of Spruce street and Wyoming Avenue, and is well conducted ; having neat and clean apartments, attentive and obliging waiters, and a table supplied with all the delicacies and substantials of the season. A traveller cannot go amiss by stopping at either of the above Hotels, and we vouch for it that his wants will be well cared for.

MESSES. DALE & KEENE Who are actively and jirotitably engaged at No. 324, Lackawanna Hvonuo in the Grocery and Provision trade, have turned their atten- tion almost exclusively to the -wholesale trade, and intend eventually to cease the retail business altogether. They are now ready to supply the trade with all articles usually kept by Grocers at the very lowest whole- sale figures. Dealers will consult their interests to a great extent by ma- king their purchases at this establi-shment, thereby mvivfj moro than their expenses, and a tedious ride to New York City.

CONE & LENT. Wholesale and Kotail Grocers and Provision dealers, No. 20(), Lacka- wanna avenue, are among the foremost of enterprising and successful dealer.* with which the city of Scranton abounds, and who add credit to her name and fame abroad. A community is lionored by the fame of its honorable men, and in this respect, Scranton can justly claim to be the peer of any other city in the State. It is a sure basi.- of individual as well as of general prosperity.

G. A. & I. F. FULLER & CO.

AVo have rarely seen a finer store or a more attractive stock of goods,

both in quality and the taste with which they are displaj-ed, than the

store and goods of the enterprising firm whose name lioads this n'')tico.

Their store i* No. 402, Lackawanna avenue, and their spocijility Gro-

110 SCBANTON CITY DIRKCTORY.

ceries and Provisions, of which they keep a large and well selected stock. The members of the firm are business men in every sense of the word ; prompt, energetic, and obliging. They have a large and growing trade which their merits as dealers and character as gentlemen fully entitle them to. In the present as in the future record of the prosperous and deserving business men of the city of Scran ton, the position of the Messrs. Fuller is and will continue to be at the head of the list.

W. H. ACKEESOX & CO.,

Dealers in stoves, tin and shelf hardware, cutlery, »S:c. , &c., No. 119 Penn avenue, are young men of rare merit and good business qualifications. They commenced doing business in a basement room on Lackawanna avenue, with a small stock, and by close attention to the same have suc- ceeded in increasing their wares, so that now, in their present location on Penn avenue, they are prepared to fill almost any order a customer may give them. Their stoves are of the most desirable and improved pat- terns, made with heavy castings, and the work they manufacture is the most durable and substantial kind. Their stock of hardware, cutlery, and agricultural implements is from the best manufacturers, and the iissort- ment is well selected. Pinal success is a foregone conclusion for these j'oung men if industry and close attention to business will accomplish so

desirable a result.

SEWING MACHINES.

George Blake & Co., General Sewing Machine Agents, and dealers in

Paper, Yankee Notions, &c.. No. 322, Lackawanna Avenue, present a

fair illustration of the success which invariably attends intelligent

business enterprise backed and assisted by a liberal and judicious use of

printer's ink. Their constantly increasing trade attests the appreciation

by the public of the efforts of this firm to make themselves prominent

and useful in the speciality they have chosen as a business pursuit. With

one of the finest business rooms and most attractive store fronts in the

city, they are bound to keep pace with the demands of their increasing

custom.

GPvOCERIES AND FLOUK.

Among tlie W^holesale business Houses of Scranton, that of Messrs. Phelps & Chase, No. 212, Lackawanna Avenue, Dealers in Groceries, Provisions, and Flour, ranks among the first. These gentlemen have a well deserved reputation for fair and honorable dealing that inspires confi- dence on the part of all who have occasion to do business with them, either in buying or selling goods. Their success is an earnest of their thorough business ability.

WAKNER & WINTON.

This enterprising firm of Dry Goods dealers are among the leading- business men of the city. In the branch of trade to which they direct their energies, they have no superiors ; and the intelligent activity dis-

NOTICES OF lU'SIXKSS FIRMS. Ill

played b}- thoin has broiiglit its reward in the shape of a large and lucra- tive business, which is constantly increasing. Their Htorc, No. 329 Lacka- Avanna avenue, is stocked with every variety of merchandise, and the crowd of customers with which it is daily thronged, is a sure indication that their etlbrts to please arc fully understood.

STEAM BAKEllY. Monies & Pughe are proprietors of a Steam Bakery, No. 501 Lackawan- na avenue, which is altogether the finest and largest establishment of the kind in the city. Their facilities for doing business are equal to the large and growing trade with which they are f\ivored. They deserve the suc- cess which has thus far attended them.

MEKCHANT TAILOH. Thomas Parrott, Merchant Tailor, No. 420 Lackawanna avenue, has large experience in the trade, and as he always keeps on hand a choice stock of goods for gentlemen's garments, and fills his orders promptly, in a superior manner, there is no mysteiy about the success which attends his eftbrts. His customers are numerous, and all go away well satisfied that Parrott has done them full justice. His motto is, small profits and quick returns.

D. MOEPvIS,

Merchant Tailor, No. 324 Lackawanna avenue, has a fine store, a beau- tiful stock of cloths and furnishing goods, and is, altogether mstster of the business in which he is engaged. Those in want of a tasty garment, or anj'thing in the furnishing line, cannot fail to be suited by calling on Morris, where they will receive polite treatment, and get fits as is tits, at prices, too, as cheap as first class goods made up by first class workmen can be aflbrded.

WATCHMAKER & JEWELER.

Mr. Peter Hattich, Watchmaker and Jeweler, No. 314^ Lackawanna avenue, is a practical mechanic of superior skill and large experience in his profession. His growing trade is an evidence that his efforts to please, are appreciated by the community in which he is located for the pro.secu- tion of his business. We predict for Mr. Hattich that full measure of success which indu.stry and attention to business, when united with capacity, never fails to secure.

FURNITURE WARERUOMS.

From small beginnings the furniture establishment of J. H. Giinster & Co., No. 213 & 215 Lackawanna avenue, has grown into one of the most extensive and thriving establishments of the kind in Northern Pennsyl- vania. The proprietors are gentlemen of liberal views, well posted in all the details of their business, which is prosecuted with vigor, securing to them a reward well deserved and honorably earned. Their motto is : " onward."

112 SCRANTON CITY DIRECTORY.

WATCHES & JEWELKY.

A. Petersen, Watclimaker & Jeweler, No. 309 Lackawanna avenue, ha.*. the finest establishment of the kind in Scranton, being full and complete in all its departments. His stock of watches and jewelry is unsurpassed for quality and quantity in Northern Pennsylvania, and Mr. Petersen enjoys the reputation of a high minded honorable dealer. Those who patronize him will be sure to get what they bargain for in all cases.

HAKDWARE AND STOVES.

C. H. & W. G. Dov.'d, dealers in Hardware, Stoves, &c., No. 509 Lackawanna Avenue, are fully up with the times in the management of their business. With a large and full stock of wares such as is usually found in a v/ell organized, first class Hardware and Stove Stores, they are prepared to offer inducements to buyers, seldom found in this part of the Country. The Messrs. Dowd do business on the square. They are aa enterprising go-ahead firm, Vi'ith large facilities for trade, and judging by the extent of their transactions meet with a reward commensurate with their merits.

HUNT BROTHERS,

Dealers in Hardware and Stoves, No. 430 Lackawanna Avenue, have a fine establishment, are gentlemen of enterprise and liberalitj', fully up to the times in everything that pertains to their business, which is a large and flourishing one, and only ask an examination of their stock and prices, fully convinced that they can do as well, if not better, by purchases of articles in their line than any other dealers in this section of the coimtry. Make a note of these facts, and Avhen you want Hardware, Stoves, or any other article kept in a Hardware Store, call on Hunt Brothers and be convinced of the truth of what is herein stated.

GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.

W. S. & J. L. Harding, No. 305 Lackawanna Avenue, have a fine and well selected assortment of Groceries and Provisions, which they oifer to the public at prices that defy all effbrts to undersell them. The Messrs. Hardings have established a character for f\iir and honorable dealing that inspires confidence that whatever is purchased of them will be as represented.

BOOTS & SHOES.

Starkweather & Son have rejuvenated their store at No. 110 & 112 Penn avenue, and filled it witli the neatest and cheapest stock of Boots and Shoes to be found in the city of Scranton. They solicit the attention of jmrchasers, in the f\ill belief that they can do as well or better by them than any other dealer in their line. All who call will be cheerfully waited on, and if not satisfied that we can give them bargains, they will not bo urged to buv.

NOTICES OF BUSINESS FIRMS. IIH

HARDWAKE, STOVES, etc.

Messrs. ConiK'll & Silkmim, HardwaiH; and Stuve dealer.^ No. 112, Penn avenue, have a large and varied a.'^i-ortmont of Hardware, Htoves, and also of all goods usually kept by first class dealers in that line of trade. They are enterprising and liberal merchants, fully imbued with the spirit of the times in the transaction of their bu.siness. In addition to their ordinary trade, they are the agents in tliis locality for tlie " tin lined lead pipe," recently introduced to the public by the inventor and patentee, and which is justly esteemed one of tlic most important health preserving improvements of the day ; as it entirely docs away with the deleterious eftccts of lead pipe upon water and other fluids con- ducted through it.

PHELPS A: CHASE.

"\\"liole.<ale dealers in Flour, Groceries and Provision.-, Lubricating Oil, Kerosene Oil, Tobacco, &c., at No. 212 Lackawanna avenue, arc both gentlemen of merit. Mr. Phelps came here from Corning, N. Y., in 1863, and acted as secretary or clerk for his uncle then in business here, for nearly a year, when he commenced the business he now carries on, in the building at present occupied by Maurice Goldsmith. Mr. Chase took an interest as equal partner the 13th of Deceniber, 1865, and the busi- ness lias ever since been prosecuted by them under the firm name of Phelps & Chase. Mr. Chase is an old resident of Scranton, having come here about twenty years ago. He was engaged in mercantile pursuits up to the time he entered into partnership with Mr. Phelps, and has alwaj-s borne the character of an honest and fair dealer, and commanded the re.spect and esteem of the whole community. "We would call the atten- tion of our readers to their advertising page. A. O. SNOW.

This Boot and Shoe manufactory at No. 117 Penn avenue, is fast gain- ing an enviable reputation for nice fitting and durably made work. Mr. Snow who attends to the fitting and cutting department is a workman of more than ordinary skill in his line, and never fails to give entire satis- faction. He being an excellent judge of stoc/;, and keeping none but the,' very best tanned leather in his establishment and being an c.r.pert in tiie art of fitting withal, ensures a good job of work to his customers. Tiiosc who ]i;itronize him once are sure to do it again, (jive him a trial.

Religious Directory.

METHODIST.

riR.sT M. E. Church - Adams Avenue. - Rev. B. D. Sturdevant, -pastor. Sunday services at lOJ A. m. and 7J p. m. Sunday School, 2 p. m. Class meeting Tuesday eve. Prayer meeting Wednesday eve.

M. E. Church - Main Street, Hyde Park. - Rev. L. W. Peck, pastor. Sunday services at lOJ a. m. and 7 p. m. Sunday School 2 p. m. Praj^er meeting Thursday 7i p. m.

M. E. Church - Providence. - Rev. George Peck, D. D., pastor. - Sunday services at lOJ a. m. and at 7J P. M. Sunday school 2 p. M. - - Prayer meeting Thursday evo.

German M. E. Church - Adams Avenue, Corner Vine Street. - Rev. Hall Quattlander, pastor. Sunday services at lOJ A. M. and7J p. m. Prayer meeting Friday eve.

CALVINISTIC METHODIST.

Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church - Main Street, Hyde Park. - No regular pastor. Sunday services at 10 A. M. and 6 p. M. Sunday School at 2 p. m. Prayer meeting Monday at 7 P. M. - Society meetings Thursday at 7 p. m.

Welsh Calvinistic Mp;thodist Church - Bellevue. - No regular pastor. Sunday services at 10 a. m. and 6 P. M. Sunday School at 2 p.m.

MoRiAH Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Church - Orchard St. - Rev. John R. Williams, pastor. Sunday services at 10 A. m. and 6 p. m. Sunday School at 5 p. m. Prayer meeting on Monday evening. Class meeting on Wednesday evening.

PRESBYTERIAN.

EiRST Presbyterian Church - Washington Avenue. - Rev. M. J. Hickok, D. D., pastor. Preaching Sunday, at lOJ a. m. and 7 p. m. Sunday School at 2 p. m. Young people's prayer meeting in Lecture room at Gi P. M.

Presbyterian Church of Providence. - Rev. S. Whale}-, pastor. - Sunday services at 10| a. m. and 7J p. m.

Presbyterian Church. - Washburn Street, Hyde Park. - Rev. A. L. Clarke, pastor. Sunday services at 101 a. m. and 71 r. M. Sunday School at 2 p. M.

German Presbyterian - Hickory Street. - Rev. AVilliam Wun- dcrlich, pastor. Sunday services at 10} A. M. Sunday School at 9 A. M.

RELIGIOUS DIRF.CTOP.T. 115

BAPTIST.

First Baptist CiiuRru, Penn Avenuk. - liov. Isaac Bovan, pastor. Sunday .services at lOJ A. M. and 7J r. M. Sunday School at 2 i'. m.

Baptist Church, Chestnut Street, Hyde Park. - llov. W. K. Mott, pa.stor. Sunday services at lOJ a. m. and TJ i'. >i. Sunday School at 9 a. m. Prayer meeting Wednesday evening.

Baptist Church, Market Street, Providence. - No settled pastor. vSunday service.'^ at 10 A. m. and 7 v. M. Sunday School at 2 r. M.

"Welsh Baptist Church, Main Street, Hyde Park. - llev. Fred- erick Evans, pastor. Sunday .services at 10 a. m. and 6 v. M. Sunday School at 2 p. >f.

CONGREGATIONAL.

AVelsh Congregational Church, Main Street, Hyde Park. - Kev. E. B. Evans, pastor, Sunday services at 10 a. m. and 6 P. M. Sun- day School at 2 p. M.

Welsh Congregational Church, Abington Street, Providence. - No regular pastor at present. Sunday services at 10 a. m. and G r. M. Sunday Srhool at 2 p. M. Class meeting Wednesday evening. Prayer meeting Thursday evening.

EPISCOPAL.

St. Luke's Church, Penn Avenue. - Rev. A. A. Marplc, rector. Sunday services at 10 J a. m. and 7.] p. m. Sunday School at 1^ p. m. Services on Wednesday at 7.J p. m.

LUTHERAN.

German Evangelical Lutheran Church, Mifflin Avenue. - Rev. P. F. Zizelmann, pastor. Sunday service at 10 a. m. Sunday School at 9 a. M.

LIBERAL CHRISTIANS.

Society' of Liberal Christians. - Scranton Business College rooms, Lackawanna Avenue. Rev. A. Porter, pastor. Sunday services at 10 a. m. and T.} p. m.

St. Vincent's Church, Wyoming Avenue. - Rev. M. Whitty, priest. Ma.<s on Sunday at 8^ and 10.} a. m. A'espers on Sunday at 3 p. m.

St. Mary's Church (German), Orchard Street. - Rev. John Scheele, priest. Masses on Sunday at 7 and 10} a. m. Vespers on Sunday at 2 p. m.

Catholic Church Providence. - llev. M. Whitty, priest. Mass on Sunday at 10} a. m.

jeavijsijh:.

Synagogue on Linden Street. - Rev. Milton Weil, priest. Servicen on Friday at 7 r. m. ; on Saturday at 9 a. m. ; and on Sunday at 2 r. ii.

COUNTY AND CITY OFFICERS.

President Judge. - Hon. J. N. Conyngham. Associate Judge. - Hon. George P. Steele. " "" - Hon. Thomas Collins.

Prothonutary. - M. J. Pliilbin. Clerk of the Court. - E. B. Collin.-^. Sheriff. - Joseph E. Vanlcer. Register. - John Lynch. Recorder. - Charles Erath. Commissioner. - William Wolf. " - William Franck.

" - William W. Smith.

County Surveyor. - John Sturdevant. Auditor. - M.'^R. Raub.

" - W. J. Gore.

" - Bernard D. Koons. Treasurer. - James Johnston. Superintendent Common Schools. - H. Armstrong.

CITY OF Sdl^NTO]^.

Recorder. - Hon. J. N. Convngham. Mayor. - E. S. M. Hill.

Marshal. - Peter Nallen.

Clerk Mayor's Court. - F. L. Hitchcock.

Treasurer. - F. Schrader.

District Attorney. - James Mahon.

Chief of Police. - T. Mayo J3artlett.

City Attorney. - Edward*^ N. Willard. Wa./'d. Select Council. Ward. Select Council.

1 - Dr. Henry Roberts. 7 - P. Scanlon.

2 - F. B. Marsh. 8 - S. Shopland.

8 - S. G. Oram. 0 - Alfred Hand.

4 - A. B. Stevens. 10 - Maurice Tauer.

5 - E. Heermans. 11 - Jacob Robinson.

6 - Patrick Mahon. 12 - Darby Melvin.

Clerk SHect Council. - Edward N. AVillard.

Common Council. . - George Griffin, H. O. Silkman. - David E. Evans, T. E. Geddes. - P. Gallagher, Lawrence Toomey. - Paul Jones, George Gr;iber. - Thomas Watkins. - Patrick Welch, James Brogan. - F. W. Watson, John T. Walsh. - Joseph H. Giinster, W. P. Conuell. - T. F. Hunt, Charles Schlager. - Adam Koch, Joseph Westhauser. - George Hartman, John Walters. - Michael Corbett, John Walsh. Clerk of Common Council. - Chas. DuPont lireck.

1st Ward

2d

.Sd

4th "

5th "

nth "

7th "

8th "

9th "

10th "

11th "

12th "

D. K. BROWNELL,

ail^irUt

NO. 224 LACKAWANNA AVENUE. SCRANTON, PA.

THE LAR<iEST AND BEST SKY-LIGHT IN THE STATE !

Having new and Superior Apparatus, is prepared to make tlie

f tnast ani Largest Pictir«s

EVEK .HAKE I?r' THE I^ACKA^VANIVA VAI^IiEV.

MODERATE PRICES AND GOOD WORK GUARANTEED.

Mr. B. v>'ill ahva3"s ha on hand to serve Ills friends with a

rs^^fii

WELL SELECTED Si

GILT, ROSEWOOD, BLACK WALNUT, Uustic, liiiou, Oval, Metal, Passepartouts, Cart di Visites,

D TIN

f

W. H. ACKERSON & CO,

Would respectfully aunouncc to the public that they have opened a new -

m'

?IM nam osiPY© mi_ ^ ,

Where they intend keeping constantly on hand a large stock of

Till, Sheet Iron,

Aisd Copper Ware, FisrloF, Office, and

C^okiiag- gloves, and ISang-es of the Mof^t

ApproTccl Patterns.

.A.Li!SO

BEPAIRma AND ROOFING DONE AT SHORT NOTICE !

Particular attention paid to

The Mechanical Department is conducted by C. P. LIT- TELL, who respectfully solicits a call from his old friends.

Scranton City Directory.

Abbreviations. - For ab., read above ; hda., boards ; het. , betwee7ii carp., carpenter ; cor., corner ; col'd colored; E., East; h., house; lab., laborer; manuf., manufacturer; nianufy., 'inanufactory ; N., North; -pvoj)T., j)}'oprletor ; res., residence ; S., South ; W., West.

A

ALl'I John, miner, h Prospect st Hyde Park.

Abel "William, h Prospect si Hyde Park.

Abplanalp John, pattern make