Delaware County, Ohio - Chapter 13: Religious or Chvrch History of Delaware Covnty, 1908 (part 1 of 3)

Chapter 13: Religious or Chvrch History of Delaware Covnty

The broad foundations On which the superstructure stands ; With noble aim and willing hands. Your earnest labor still commands Our veneration."

It is highly commendable to the early settlers of this county that the teachings of the Christian religion were felt in every settlement. What a lesson to the ministers of the present day, with their beautiful churches and good salaries, as they look back on the toil of those early men who labored with little compensation, traveling through the forests, with no blazed path, with no companion, but the faithful horse they rode, visiting the scattered settlers in their log cabins and planting the Cross of the Christ, as the symbol of the redemption of men.

It is not possible to state, certainly, who was the first minister to visit and preach the first sermon in the bounds of Delaware County. But, as far as known, it was Rev. Joseph S. Hughs, who came from Washington, Pennsylvania, in 1810.

Rev. Hughs was a Presbyterian minister. He possessed a liberal education, oratorical power of superior order, and, naturally, a pleasant and persuasive voice. He had the reputation of being one of the most effective speakers known to the old settlers. He excelled iri the social circle, and had a great love for festivity and amusement. An incident illustrating this is reported in Howe's Historical Collections of Ohio, but as often is the case, Mrs. Rev. C. H. Perkins, who remembers him well, says the incident related there is overdrawn, and in part not correct. Mrs. Perkins is still living at this date, 1908. It was the custom at that time to call ministers to account strictly for their conduct, and he was at one time called before his Presbytery, and made his own defense and was completely vindicated. He organized the Liberty, Delaware and Radnor (now Radnor Thompson) Presbyterian churches, the first organized churches in the country. Rev. Hughs continued to supply these churches, and do much pioneer work in all parts of the county unt'l the fall of 1823. with the exception of a few months during the War of 18 12, when he was chaplain. He was with Gen. Hull when the latter surrendered at Detroit, and returned to Delaware after that event. About the same time that Rev. Hughs came, a Baptist minister by the name of Jacob Drake came, and was active in the early work connected with that denomination, and many of the early societies took their origin from his work. Revs. Hughs and Drake established the first paper ever published in the county, and the Delaware Gazette is the continuance of that paper. His salary being small, he also served as clerk of court and recorder for many years. In the fall of 1823. there was an epidemic of fever and Rev. Hughs died from that cause. He was buried in the old graveyard, east of O. W. U., and near the Odevene Spring. At the time of the removal of the old cemetery, his remains were removed by his grandson. Dr. D. E. Hughs, to Oak Grove Cemetery, on the lot of Dr. Hughs. The grave of Rev. Hughs had not been marked, but the remains, which had been buried in a walnut coffin, were so preserved at the time of removal, 1900, that they were identified. Rev. Hughs was a brother-in-law of Moses Bixby, the founder of Delaware.

Having noticed the pioneer beginning of the early Christian work of Delaware County, we will gather the history of the churches by towns and townships.

The Churches Of Delaware Delaware Presbyterian

This church was organized under the labors of Rev. J. S. Hughs, a licentiate, with fourteen members. In connection with this church, the Liberty Presbyterian Church, and what is now the Radnor Thompson Church, were organized, and for many years all three were under the care of a joint session. Rev. Hughs was ordained in 181 1. and was stated supply of these churches until his death in 1823, except during the short time he was absent as chaplain in the War of 181 2. Rev. Henry Vandeman became pastor in 1824, and continued until 1838. During this time a stone edifice was erected. Alexander Anderson, the two Ferrises and Robert Brown were well known elders. The membership in 1837 was

At this time the controversy between Old School and Xew School ran high, and culminated in the division of the Presbyterian Church at Philadelphia in the spring of 1838. Rev. Vandeman attended that General Assembly, and voted with the New School party. The Delaware church voted by a majority to go into the New School body. A part of the congregation separated themselves, and united with the Old School body. Both parties retained the name of Marion Presbytery, so that there were two Marion Presbyteries. Rev.

Vandeman continued pastor of the New School branch. The Old School was vacant, only having occasional supplies from 1838 to 1 84 1. Rev. John Pitkin served as stated supply from 1 84 1 to 1845 inclusive. In April, 1848. Rev. Vandeman and his congregation made the request and were received by the Old School Presbytery, and the two congregations were again united. Rev. Vandeman continued pastor of this church until i860. A large brick church, the audience room of the present church, was erected. In 1841 a great revival occurred in Delaware, and on the part of many dissatisfaction took place with the ways and activities of the old church. On November 8th, fifty-four members withdrew from the first church and were organized by a committee from the New School body, consisting of Revs. Franklin Putnam, Henry Shedd, and Henry T. Hitchcock, as the Second Presbyterian Church of Delaware. The Second Church soon after its organization erected a frame building between Franklin and Sandusky Streets, on the south side of Winter Street, and at the time of organization David McCullough, John Mc- Elroy and Manly Covell were chosen elders. Franklin Putnam was stated supply from 1842 to 1845. Joseph Tuttle, afterwards president of Wabash College for many years, was pastor from 1846 to 1847; Charles W. Toprey, stated supply from 1848 to 1850; Gideon Dane, stated supply from 1851 to 1852; Charles H. Delong, pastor from 1852 to 1855. Rev. H. Newton, who afterwards became chaplain at the Ohio Penitentiary, and died at Mt. Vernon, August, 1878, was pastor from 1856 to 1865. The membership in i860 was 257. Calvin W. Mateer supplied the First Church from 1861 to 1863. Rev. Mateer then went to China as a missionary, and has spent a successful and honored life in that country. Milton W. McMillen, two sons of whom are now. honored ministers in the Presbyterian Church, was stated supply from 1863 to 1804, and pastor from 1865 to 1867. J. L. Lower, now H. R. at Denver, was stated supply from 1867 to 1868, and David King from 1869- 1870, and Robert Maclaren, 1871. The membership in 1870 was ninety.

The reunion of the Old School and New School assemblies took place at Pittsburg in 1869. Soon after this the two congregations began negotiations to unite, and on the 7th of June, 1870, the Delaware Presbyterian Church was formed of the two congregations, in accordance with an act of the Ohio Legislature passed April 2, 1870, and had been ratified by a vote of each church. The building of the Second Church was sold, and is m >w occupied with offices and business places, and the united congregation occupied the First Church building. The reunion of the two Presbyteries, Marion Old School and Marion, then changed to Franklin New School, occurred at Delaware. September 13. 1870. Rev. C. H. Perkins preached the sermon, and Rev. Henry Shedd was chosen moderator. In February, 1870. Rev. Robert Maclaren began preaching to the united congregation and was called as pastor, which relation continued until 1873. Mr. Maclaren is now a pastor on the Pacific coast. Rev. N. S. Smith was called after Rev. Maclaren, and was installed pastor, which relation continued until 1878. During the pastorate of Rev. Smith, the church building was remodeled, a new front with spire was added, the basement enlarged and improved, the audience room reseated and frescoed, and fitted with stained glass windows, all costing $1,200. Rev. A. D. Hawn, of Zanesville, Ohio, was called to succeed Dr. Smith in December, 1878, and entered on his work in January. 1879. The membership was 463. Dr. Hawn served the church nearly a quarter of a century. During his ministry the church was continuously prosperous, large amounts were contributed to all its benevolences, accessions were made at every communion season, an addition was added to the rear of the church, and a pipe organ installed. Dr. Hawn is honored by all churches and classes of Delaware, and is still living, and pastor emeritus, and able to do some work. Rev. Paul R. Hickok. assistant pastor of the Old Stone Church of Cleveland, was called to succeed Dr. Hawn, and was installed December, 1902. The church membership is now, 1907, over six hundred, and the congregation under the

Delaware Female College

The idea of establishing a Ladies' Seminary had been contemplated by the Presbytery for several years. Rev. James Smith had been conducting, tor some time, an academy at Marysville for young men and women. James A. Stirratt taught for several years in this school. The Methodists were interesting themselves in Christian education at Delaware, as were also the Presbyterians. In 1853, the enterprise was undertaken and Delaware was chosen as the place, and the old Seminary property where St. Paul's Church now stands was purchased on November 3, 1853. The price paid, as reported by the committee was $5,100, with interest from date; the whole to be paid in three equal installments, at the following periods: 1st installment, January 1. 1854; 2nd installment. May 1, 1854; 3rd installment. May 1, 1855.

The committee had already signed the article on their own responsibility, and the school was then in operation, with about eighty ladies in attendance. The report was adopted and trustees elected as follows : Ahab Jinks, Rev. Dr. Heard (M. E. Church), Henry Van Deman, L. A. Brunei", I. N. Shepherd, Dr. S. L. Yourtee, T. S. Powell, James A. Stirratt. Dr. C. Fulton. John Ross. S. K. Hughes. Dr. Yourtee had been connected with the school previous to the purchase, and was one of the two men in whom the title was vested, and of whom the purchase was made, and John Ross was the other.

Two mistakes were made : First, the field was already occupied at Delaware by the Methodists ; second, the Old Seminary building did not suit the new enterprise. The management fell into the hands of Henry Van Deman, a man of energy and ability, but without system. He made an active canvass for subscriptions throughout the Presbytery, and bordering churches, and obtained the promise of a considerable amount of money. Instead of opening an account and keeping a careful statement of the financial business, he collected as he could and applied the money where it was most needed. In a few years the school was deficient in funds, and a demand was made for a report of receipts and expenditures. The trustees were unable to give such a report. This produced dissatisfaction and a loss of sympathy. Things went from bad to worse until the mortgage was foreclosed, and the property was sold at sheriff's sale at a heavy loss, to Samuel Miller, on the 5th day of September, 1861, having been sold for $1,- 568. This left a burdensome debt on the Presbytery. The churches were appealed to time after time, but the full amount could not be raised. Mr. Van Deman and Judge Powell both became alienated and much trouble resulted. It was taken to court but never brought to trial, and final settlement was made in April, 1882, by Hon. J. W. Robinson, who paid liberally from his own means to have the matter adjusted. The enterprise was undertaken by the Presbytery in hope of doing much good. It terminated in loss and disappointment.

St. Peter's Protestant Episcopal Church was organized in 181 7. by the Rev. Philander Chase, afterwards ordained the first bishop of the Diocese of Ohio. Bishop Chase came to this state in March, 1817, and was an uncle to Governor Chase of Ohio. The articles of organization were signed May 9, 1817, by William Little, William Mansur, Abner Root, Aaron Strong, Solomon Smith, Thomas Putter, Hezekiah Kilburn, Caleb Howard, James Wolcot, Robert Jamison and Milo D. Pettibone, all of whom bore an important part in the founding and growth, and fixing the destinies of the city of Delaware. The first officers of the church were Aaron Strong and William Mansur. wardens, William Little, Thomas Rutter and Abner Root, vestrymen, William Little, recording clerk. This church was about the fifteenth in the order of organization in the state. During this year small parishes were organized in Berkshire. Radnor and Norton, all now extinct, by Rev. James Kilburn, afterwards known as Colonel Kilburn. At that time there were but three Episcopal ministers in the state. The early pioneer conditions of Delaware is graphically stated by Bishop Chase in a letter dated July 10, 1817. "Wednesday I went to Delaware, Thursday to Norton, on the frontier of the United States land, bordering on the Indian possession, ten miles from Delaware." Occasional services were conducted in the church by the Rev. Bishop, Rev. William Sparms. Rev. Marius T. C. Wing, and Rev. Philander Chase, Jr., until 1828, when Rev. Nathan Stem was chosen rector, a popular preacher, a good man and a gentleman. Large congregations attended the church, many coming regularly from Radnor and Berkshire.

The corner-stone of the first church edifice in Delaware was laid May 1, 1825. under the direction of Bishop Chase. It was a stone building and stood where the present church edifice stands, built after a Gothic model presented to the Bishop by Mr. Wilson of Iberry House, near London. One hundred dollars of the one hundred pounds sterling given to the Bishop by the Countess Dowager of Rosse, was cheerfully given and thankfully received, towards its construction. Before that, the congregation worshipped in the Court House, which was used by other denominations for the same purpose. It is reported that the house was always full, an example of "Church Union" which it would be well to imitate.

On April 21. 1827, the first Sunday school in Delaware County was organized in St. Peter's parish by Isaiah Whiting, of Worthington, with Caleb Howard and Mrs. Webb as superintendents. In 1830 the first church bell was brought to town and hung in the tower of St. Peter's Church. It served as a town clock to the citizens, as it was rung by Benjamin Woods at 9 A. M.. 12 »M., and 9 P. M. The latter was the signal for all persons away from home, and all boys to hurry home. The bell was afterwards hung in the old Court House and later rang out all fire alarms. In May, 1832, Rev. James McElroy was chosen rector. He was a 'perfect specimen of "a fine old Irish Gentleman" of superior cultivation and talents, who was before that a professor at Kenyon. In 1844 the old church edifice became too antiquated for the improved condition of the town, and was torn down in give place to the present structure. Of the present church Bishop Jaggar once said: "It was the most churchly church in his diocese." It was consecrated by Bishop Mcllvain, August 7, 1846. The rectory was built in 1854. and the parish house in 189.2.

From its organization this church has been highly favored in having the ministerial services, both regular and occasional, not only men of intellectual ability, but of de\ nit Christian character, free from errors in doctrine, able and earnest preachers of the Gospel, who lived as they preached.

William Street Methodist Episcopal Church

ganized in the city of Delaware. It was planted some time in the year [819, by the Rev. Jacob Hooper, of Hocking Circuit. Si District, Ohio Conference, though there were Methodists who had settled in the place and meetings had been held at different times several years before a formal organization. From the most reliable data at hand it seems a class of seventeen members was organized in this year, consisting of Abraham Williams and wife, James Osborne and wife, John E. Dewitt and wife, Thomas Galleher and wife, William Sweetser and wife, Ebenezer Durfee. Gordon Sprague, Franklin Spaulding and wife, Stephen Gorman, William Patton, Moses Byxbe and possibly others.

From the inception of the societv, until the year 1822, the residence of Moses Byxbe and the county Court House were the headquarters of Methodism in Delaware. During this year, under a second pastorate of the Rev. Jacob Hooper, the society decided to build a house of worship, and appointed Stephen Gorman, William Patton, Moses Byxbe. Thomas Galleher, Moses Byxbe. Jr., Elijah Adams, Robert Perry, William Sweetser and Henry Perry as trustees.

Lot Number" Sixty, original plat of the site of Delaware, on the northwest corner of Franklin and William Streets, was deeded February 21,, 1822, by Moses Byxbe. Sh, and Henry Baldwin and his wife. Sally Baldwin, to the trustees of William Street Church in trust. On this lot the first church structure was erected. The edifice was a plain, square structure with galleries on the east, south, and west sides. The entrance was from the south on William Street. There were two rows of windows which gave the impression of a two-story building from the external view. At the north end of the auditorium there was a box-like pulpit with an opening on either side with eight steps. This gave the speaker a full view of the congregation above and below.

It is not known what this edifice cost, as many of the subscriptions were made in materials and labor. Although commenced in 1822. it was not completed until some time in the year 1824, when, with Thomas Mc- Cleary as preacher in charge, it was dedicated under the name of William Street Church, by Jacob Young, the presiding elder of Scioto District, Ohio Conference.

Here the Methodists of Delaware continued to worship until 1845, when, owing to the growth of the society, and to the establishment of the Ohio Wesleyan Un|iversity, a larger church edifice was required to accommodate the growing congregation. Accordingly, under the pastorate of Henry E. Pilcher, measures were adopted to erect "a new house nf worship."

The records show that a committee of the Board of Trustees was raised December 13, 1845, arRl authorized to dispose of the old structure. This committee reported back to the Board of Trustees December 29, 1845, that they had contracted to sell the old edifice to the school district for school purposes, for the sum of $1,100. This building after being used for various purposes has been torn down.

At this same meeting the trustees voted to procure a site for a new church structure. The site selected was Lot Sixty-one, original plat, just across Franklin Street from the former site, on the northeast corner of Franklin and William Streets.

On May 6, 1846, the building committee, consisting of John Wolfley, Nathan Chester and Augustus A. Welch, let the contract to William Owston, "to erect a house of worship." The building was to be a neat, plain church, 50 by 80 feet, two stories high, with a vestibule in the front both above and below; the audience room was to have a gallery across the south end, and to furnish sittings for about six hundred persons ; the seats and other wood work to be of black walnut. The walls were of limestone. This edifice was not finished until the summer of 1847. The cost was about $5,600. This edifice was capacious and well built for its time. It was dedicated August 3, 1847, by Bishop Edmond S. Janes, assisted by Rev. Thomas E. Bond, D. D., editor of the Christian Advocate, New York.

after the church had been dedicated. The deed is dated June 2, 1851. The grantors are William R. Piatt, Fanny R. Piatt, Rutherford B. Hayes and Sophia Hayes. The trustees named are Wilder Joy, Emery Moore, Nathan Chester, John Ross, E. W. Littell, John H. Dean, Abraham Blymyer, Augustus A. Welch and John Wolfley. The parsonage was erected in 1861, during the pastoral term of Rev. Thomas Parker. This stone church was replaced by the present elegant structure in 1887.

William Street Church has been an ecclesiastical center for Methodism in Delaware. She is not only older than the other Methodist churches here, but she is their mother. In 1852, she gave St. Paul's Church to South Delaware; in i860 she had something to do with the origin and "raising" of Grace Church in East Delaware, and in 1886, she gave Asbury Church to North Delaware.

The ecclesiastical connections of William Street Church have been varied. From the time of its organization until 1840, it was under the jurisdiction of the Ohio Conference. Then it was attached to the North Ohio Conference until 1856, when it was put into the Central Ohio Conference, of which it is still a part.

While an appointment of the Ohio Conference, it was for four years a part of Scioto District, with Jacob Young as presiding elder; from 1823 to 1825, of Lancaster District; from 1825 to 1828, of Sandusky District with James McMahon as presiding elder; from 1828 to 1833, of Portland District with Russel Bigelow and Greenberry R. Jones as presiding elders; from 1833 t0 J840, of Columbus District, with Augustus Eddy, Jacob Young and John Ferree as presiding elders. In the ecclesiastical year of 1840-41, it became a part of Bellefontaine District, North Ohio Conference, where it remained until the year 1844-45, with William S. Morrow as presiding elder. In 1845-46 it was assigned to Delaware District, at whose head it has appeared ever since, with the following presiding elders: John H. Power (1845-47 ) ; John Quigley (1848-51); Samuel Lynch (1852-53);

From its foundation until the ecclesiastical year 1821-22, it was one of the preachingplaces on the Hocking Circuit : from this time to the year 1840-41. it was the head of Delaware Circuit. It had now reached a membership of two hundred and ninety-six persons, and at the Conference of 1841, it was declared a "station," and Adam Poe was appointed pastor. Since that time for almost seventy years it has been one of the leading and most flourishing stations in Ohio Methodism.

The appointments to William. Street, allowing that name to cover its entire history, are as follows, the years dating from about the last of August or the middle of September : 1818, Jacob Hooper; 1819, Andrew Kinnear; 1820, James Murray; 1821, Jacob Hooper; 1822, Thomas McCleary; 1823, Thomas Mc- Cleary and James Poe; 1824. Jacob Dixon; [825, James Gilruth; 1826, Aimer Goff; 1827, James Gilruth and Cyrus Carpenter; 1828, David Lewis and Samuel P. Shaw; 1830, Samuel P. Shaw and Alfred M. Lorain; 183 1, Alfred M. Lorain and David Cadwallader ; 1832, Charles Goddard and J. M. McDowell; 1S33, Leonard B. Gurley and John C. Havens; 1834, John C. Havens and R. Doughty;

William Street Church all through her history has been the center of great spiritual power. Though again and again a part of her membership has left her to found dther churches, she is still vigorous and strong, with a membership of eight hundred souls.

The present church edifice was built in 1887, at a cost of nearly $42,000. It was dedicated in 1888 by Bishop Charles McCabe and President Charles H. Payne of Ohio Wesleyan University. The sum of $17,000 was raised on that day.

This sketch would be incomplete without reference to the noble men, most of whom have gone to their reward, by whose liberality and sacrifice this beautiful church structure has been made possible.

In 1885, the project of erecting a new edifice was the absorbing theme of the membership of William Street Church. The question of the site was a disturbing element, and finally the membership divided on this point, the majority voting for the present site, the others withdrawing and forming the nucleus of what is now Asbury Church. In the year 1886, the Board of Trustees, now re-organized, voted to build a new church, and presented the enterprise to the membership with $7,000 subscribed as a starter. The following names are mentioned in the vote : A. A. Welch. Dr. Calvin Welch, J. C. Evans. Dr. ]. H. White. Thomas F. Joy.'B. W. Brown, W. H. Pumphrey. F.

P. Vergon, Charles Steenback and \Y. E. Mcore. The members, though now diminished in number, loyally and liberally supported the trustees. The largest donation from one individual was given by Henry J. Eaton, win i would never consent to take official position in the church.

For eighty-eight years this society has been in continuous existence. Throughout its history, it has been marked in its influence on Ohio Methodism. It has given some of the brightest lights to the church anil its representatives are found all over the world. It still maintains the vigor and fire of youth, and preserves the traditions of the fathers.

St. Mark'S Evangelical Lutheran Church

The early history of the St. Mark's Evangelical Lutheran Church is largely involved in obscurity. The records now accessible are meager and imperfect; something may, however, be ascertained from tradition, as well as from such written records as are at hand. It is well known that si >me Lutheran families were scattered here and there among the earliest settlers in Delaware County. Of these pioneer families may be mentioned those of Frederick Weis'er, Henry Worline, Mr. Welschaus, Andrew Harter and others. They were natives of Pennsylvania, coming here from Northumberland, Bucks and other counties, and were settled in Delaware and the vicinity as early as 1810 and 181 1. These few families, many years ago, were more or less regularly favored with the preaching of the gospel. It appears from such data as are within reach, that the Rev. Charles Henkel, of Shenandoah County. Va.. was the first Lutheran minister who visited the Lutheran families along the Olentangy River between Columbus and Delaware. Before any one dreamed of railroads, before roads were made, when Indian trails and footpaths were the (inly lines of travel, this pioneer preacher found the few scattered Lutherans in and about the present site of the city of Delaware, and readily succeeded in organizing them into a pioneer congregation. Indeed, they were glad once more to hear the old gospel tidings that had cheered their hearts and had brought peace and gladness into their former homes. It was their delight to bring their little children to Jesus by means of the same old baptism to which they had .been so warmly attached in former years, and to appear at the altar where the same old sacrament of the body and blood of the Lord was administered. The old familiar sound made the wilderness in which they had chosen their lot seem to them like a new home. The old tidings of salvation following them into the forests of Ohio, reminded them that God is everywhere present, and pleasantly recalled the old, cheering promise, "Lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world."

But the bloom of civilization did not burst forth in this wilderness without bard labor and severe privation. For a very little while it seemed well enough to have the word preached in the small and inconvenient log dwellings of the settlers. But soon the need of a place of worship began to be felt. A church was needed, and that meant work. The productiveness of their primitive farms was comparatively limited; market prices were low, and money was hard to get. The people usually found it difficult even to pay their taxes. Accordingly, instead, at first, of building a church, the use of Shoub's Hall, on the present site of the new City Hall, was secured as a place of worship. Probably in this ball a permanent organization of the Delaware Lutheran congregation was effected. A constitution was adopted January 28, 182 1, and signed by the Rev. Charles Henkel. pastor, ami by fiftyfive lay members. During the space of some seven years. Pastor Henkel continued to serve this congregation. He resided at Columbus, Ohio, where he bad charge of another congregation, but came to Delaware every four weeks. Great success attended his labors, and he was held in high regard by his hearers. He preached in both the German and the English languages, at first in Shoub's Hall, and then in the old court room, which was for some time used as a place of worship.

ing which the congregation made considerable progress in external growth; but the internal gr< >wth seems to have been meager. The old constitution was neglected and almost forgotten. The people had almost lost sight of the old landmarks of Lutheranism. Yet, during this period of spiritual carelessness and indifference, quite an amount of activity was displayed. The congregation was served by several successive pastors. Rev. Mr. Shulz served a very short time, and was followed by Rev. Mr. Weil. Rev. Mr. Snyder, a young man of promising talent and of good repute, preached less than a year; he died in 1835, and his body lies at rest in the old cemetery. Subsequently, the Rev. S. S. Klein served some eight years, and, during his pastorate, the first church was built about the year 1834, on the corner of William and Henry Streets, the site now occupied by the German Reformed Church. This church was the property of both the Lutheran and the German Reformed congregations. Quite an amount of real toil and self-denial was required to accomplish the work. The people contributed their money and their time, and the labor of building was shared by both pastor and people. Mr. Klein worked faithfully and daily until the newchurch was ready to be occupied. Previous to the building of the church, the Lutheran people of Delaware had assisted, by their contributions, in building the Episcopal Church, in which they also, for a time, conducted their divine service.

The former pastor, the Rev. Charles Henkel, died at Somerset, February 2, 1841. His death seems to have aroused the minds and hearts of the people to a sense of duty. The truth that had cheered and comforted them in earlier davs was once more remembered, and a few weeks after they had heard of the death of their former pastor, a meeting was held, at which the old constitution was once more unanimously adopted, and the blessing of a merciful God invoked upon the congregation. About this time the Rev. Mr. Pope became the pastor. But things do not seem to have moved along smoothly; the readoption of the old constitution made trouble, and some who had learned to love the careless, free-and-ea>y system of church government, that had i< >r some time prevailed, were not willing to be governed by the old power of Gospel truth. Accordingly, a committee was appointed in November. 1845. :o submit a revised form of the constitution, as well as ways and means of having it more stringently enforced. This committee, consisting of John Hoch, George Wachter Conrad Brougher, John Troutman, Frederick Weiser and Benjamin Ely. met on the 15th of November, and, at a subsequent meeting of the congregation, their work was approved and the revised constitution adopted by a large majority.

In 1848, Mr. Pope removed from Delaware, and. in 1849, tne Rev- M. Loy became the pastor of the congregation. Mr. Loy labored here with much success during a period of some sixteen years. In the first years of this period, the conjoint ownership of the church property on the corner of William and Henry Streets was dissolved, and the new stone church on William Street was built in 1852, and has since been occupied by the congregation. A new constitution, the one now in use by the congregation, was adopted August 31, 1852. The congregation increased largely in membership, as well as in spiritual prosperity ; not, however, without trials and perplexities. Yet the Lord dealt very graciously with his people, causing many eyes to be opened, so that the truth of His mighty word was recognized and accepted. At this time the contest with secret-societyism was successfully waged. This is the history of a Lutheran congregation, and no one should expect, in such a history, to find any peculiarities omitted. Xot. however, in regard to this question only, but in regard to all others, has the congregation taken a truly Lutheran and scriptural position. They who desire to form a more intimate acquaintance with the di ctrines of the Lutheran faith, have easy access to them in our Book of Concord, and we constantly challenge comparison of our doctrines with the Holy Scriptures themselves. They are our only rule of faith and practice. This true position came to be occupied more and more during the period of Mr. Loy's ministry. Mr. Loy resigned his pastorate here to accept a professorship of theology in the Capitol University, Columbus, Ohio, where he still remains.

Prof. Loy's successor was the Rev. C. H. L. Schuette, at that time a student of theology in the Capitol University. The last baptism administered by Mr. Loy was on July 16, 1865, and the first by Mr. Schuette was on July 28th following, showing that the vacancy in the pastorate was very short. Mr. Schuette served the people very acceptably during nearly eight years, when he, too, was called to a chair in his Alma Mater. Sometime in the same year, i$7j. the Rev. Emanuel Cronenwett accepted a call to this congregation, and his labors here extended from June, 1873, to January, 1877.

He was followed by Rev. H. A. Becker, who came to Delaware May _'_'. 1877. in response to a call extended by the congregation. He served the congregation faithfully until his death, which was in 1884. Lhider his pastorate the communicant membership was four hundred and fifty.

After the death of Rev. Becker the congregation was without a pastor for a space of about seven months, but finally succeeded in securing the services of Rev. Edward Pfeiffer, who came to Delaware early in the year 1885. Under his ministry a division took place in the congregation occasioned by the secret society question. An attempt was made on the part of some members to break down the position which the congregation had always held over against secretism. This effort failed of its purpose, hut resulted in the withdrawal of many members who thereupon formed what inow St. John's Lutheran congregation. Rev. Pfeiffer continued as pastor until 1890, when he followed a call to Fremont, Ohio, and at the present time is professor of theologv in Capitol University, Columbus, Ohio.

The next man to serve St. Mark's was Rev. J. Sheatsley. who took charge Septemmer 18, 1890. He labored here faithfully and with manifest blessing and success for a period of seventeen years. During his administration a commodious Sundav-school room was built to the church, also a handsome pipe organ installed in the church auditorium. He resigned his position here in August, 1907, to follow a call to Columbus, where he is serving as pastor of Christ Church, and also has charge of religious instruction in Capitol University. The present pastor, Rev. F. B. Hax, was installed October 6, 1907. St. Mark's at present numbers some 300 communicant members, is free from debt, and looks hopefully into the future.

Zion Reformed Church

Among the pioneer families of Delaware County, there was a considerable numbeir from East Pennsylvania. As they were all of German descent, and were brought up in German communities, they could feel themselves properly at home only in their native German element, and in the use of their own language. Especially was this true in a religious view. A characteristic of the Germans is that they carry Germany with them in their hearts wherever they go, and hence, wherever they put up their tents, there is "Der Deutschen Vaterland." Even the blessed Gospel seems to them more precious when it is proclaimed in the trumpet tones of the language of Luther and Zwingle.

These families generally belonged to the Reformed and Lutheran Churches. They had found rich farms and comfortable homes here, but they were far away from their kindred, and the holy altars where they had been baptized and confirmed. They were not in their natural element. As the fish seeks the clearest water, and the bird the purest air, so these pious souls sought a congenial spiritual home for themselves and their children. Nor did they seek in vain. The longed-for and happy hour came at last, when, in their own consecrated temple and around their own sacred altar, they could thankfully and joyfully unite in their beloved German Te Deum,

In the early history of Ohio and of Delaware Countv, it is known that missionaries of the Reformed Church made occasional visits to the German settlements for the purpose of preaching the Gospel and administering the sacraments of the church. The earliest name definitely known in the history of the present Reformed Church of Delaware is the Rev. Georg Weisz, who in a report of missionary labors in 1821 speaks of having preached in a home in the vicinity of Delaware. Henry Williard was another of the pioneer ministers who visited Delaware. Under date of February 5, 1 833, a deed for a plot of ground at the southeast corner of William aild Henry Streets was executed by John Davis and Mary, his wife, to Samuel Rheem, Gottlieb Albright and Benjamin Ely. consideration $75. This plot of ground seems to have been purchased for church purposes, for the following entry, taken from Delaware County records, vol. 23, p. 96, as found in "Historical Sketch of Zion Reformed," by Jacob Klee, was made long after the church building was erected :

In the year 1834 there was erected on the plot of ground above referred to a church edifice, the joint property of the Reformed and Lutherans. It was built of stone, 30x45. and cost Si. 300. For three years before they were organized into a church, the Reformed members worshiped in this house, and had the Gospel preached and the sacraments administered to them by the pastor of the Lutheran congregation. But few besides themselves knew that they were Reformed, and thev were commonly regarded as members of the Lutheran Church.

By an act of the General Assembly January 23- l&37' Frederick Weiser, Samuel Rheem, Benjamin Ely, Jacob Miller, Michael Kline and associates were created a body politic and corporate to be known as Zion Evangelical Lutheran and Reformed Church of Delaware, Ohio. In the same year the Reformed organized a separate organization. They secured the services of Rev. C. H. A. Allardt, the necessary steps were taken, an appropriate sermon was preached, and "in the name of God the Father, and the Son and the Holy Ghost," they were declared to be a Christian church, to lie known by the name of Zion's Reformed Church, of Delaware, Ohio. Those who had been chosen to fill the respective offices were now solemnly ordained and installed. The church consisted of eighteen members. Its first elders were Abraham Call and Henry Fegley, and its first deacons. Jacob Miller and Israel Breifogel. The frail little bark was now afloat on the sea.

This congregation stands in connection with "The Reformed Church of the United States," is under its control, "and is in all respects governed by its rules and regulations." The contents of its faith are the Holy Scriptures, as set forth in the Heidelberg Catechism; and its government, both in spirit and form, is strictly presbyterial. Its aim is to cherish and enjoy true Christian freedom, in believing, and cheerful obedience to divine authority and law. and to obtain salvation from sin, and eternal life in Jesus Christ - the "Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end."

From the time of its organization the Reformed congregation occupied the church built in 1834. in common with the Lutherans. And these twin sisters for many years proceeded together as harmoniously and prosperously as could reasonably be expected. Still, their relations were not always and in all respects of the most satisfactory character. At last, it seemed best to both parties to follow the example of Abraham and Lot. and the union which had existed so long was quietly dissolved. The Reformed bought the Luth- eran interest in the 'Union Church," giving for it all the ground belonging to it, except the lot on which the church stood, and $400 in cash. These $400, however, were to liquidate a debt still resting on the property. This dissolution was effected in April, 1852. during the pastorate of Rev. D. Rothrock.

In 1855 it was determined to remove the old stone church and substitute for it one better suited to their wants. Accordingly, a new brick edifice was erected, 40x55 feet in size, with an end gallery, and a basement arranged for a parsonage and lecture room. Its cost in money and labor was about $5,000. In 1868. this was remodeled by building an addition of twelve feet to its front, removing the gallery, etc. Other changes and improvements were made in 1877, costing together $2,300. This edifice, now 4ox67 feet in size, is the one at present occupied by the congregation.

The church has been served by the following ministers: Rev. C. H. A. Allardt served it from its organization in 1837 to 1839. He was succeeded in 1841 by Rev. Jacob Van Linge. who prosecuted his work until 1843. Rev. Henry Hess became pastor in 1844, and served until 1849. During this pastorate the weekly prayer meeting was introduced. After a period of six months. Rev. S. K. Denius began his pastorate in the same year, and resigned- in 1 85 1. Rev. D. Rothrock became pastor in 1852. and served one year. In [854, Rev. M. G. O. Stern became its pastor, and remained until 1857. In the spring of 1857, Rev. J. B. Thompson began his labors as pastor and served until 1862. On the first day of January. 1863, Rev. John Vogt assumed pastoral relations and served until July 1. 1892. Dr. Vogt, known as the "Marrying Parson." was called from his earthly field of labor Sunday, November 3. [901, at his home on South Sandusky Street, Delaware. Dr. Vogt was followed in the pastorate by the Rev. I.. B. C. Lahr, whose pastoral relations began January 1, 1893, and continued until his death on April 11. [906. Dr. Lahr was followed by the Rev. John C. Gekeler, the present pastor, who began his labors September 15. 1007.

Numerous disadvantages and obstacles have impeded its usefulness and progress from the start. Its original union arrangement was never satisfactory, and was, no doubt, a hindrance to both parties. For many years. Its services were conducted exclusively in German, and many of its young people, and even entire families, became dissatisfied and sought homes in English churches. Since about 1875, tne use of the German language has been discontinued in the conduct of all public services of the church. The burden of debt under which the congregation labored for vears has been entirely removed.

During the past quarter of a century Zion Reformed Church has made substantial growth in every way, her membership has increased and her building improved at various times. During the fall of 1904 a beautiful pipe organ was installed at a cost of $1,500. The congregation at present is engaged in securing a home for its pastor. The societies of the congregation are the Sunday School, Ladies' Aid Society, the Zwingle Missionary Society, and a Society of Christian Endeavor. The membership is three hundred and twenty-five.

The German Methodist Episcopal Church

This church dates back to 1836. In that year. Rev. William Nast. D. D.. the first German missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, traveled through Central Ohio from the river to the lake, preaching daily to the few German settlers, here and there, who had sought a home in this Western country. On these mission tours. Dr. Nast passed through Delaware and preached to the few of his countrymen who were willing to hear his tidings. About 1844. the Rev. John Barth. the German pastor at Columbus, traveled through Delaware and Marion Counties, and once more looked up the Germans, in the interest of the Methodist Church. In the revival meetings which he held, many were converted and joined the Methodist Church. This was the beginning of the German Church in Delaware.

These people were poor and few, and their meetings were held at first in private houses. When these were filled, they moved, first to the stone schoolhouse at the corner of Franklin and Winter Streets, then to the old Methodist Church, one square south, and then to the old academy on Hill Street. In 1846, the Rev. John Kindler became the pastor for one year, and in 1847, tne Rev- G. A. Brauning. During his pastorate, a little frame church was built on a lot on Henry Street, given by the first member of the church - Father Albright. It was not long, however, that the little building on Henry Street was large enough to hold the congregation, and, in 1854, under the pastorate of the Rev. G. Nachtrieb, a lot on Hill Street was bought, and the present brick church erected and dedicated in 1855, by Bishop Simpson. From 1845, Delaware and Gabon had constituted one mission, but in 1854 Delaware became self-supporting, and was made a separate station. Since the establishment (if the mission, twenty-four preachers and assistants have labored in this work. Delaware belonged to the North Ohio Conference until 1865, when the German Conferences were organized, since which time it has been attached to the Central German Conference.

The membership of the church has m it been permanent, owing to the constant migration to the West, and the aggregate has never exceeded one hundred and fifty members. For many years the church declined on account of deaths, removals, and fewer persons desiring to hear preaching in the German language. The society disorganized about four years ago, and the building was sold in 1907 to William Nye. The audience room is still used Eor a mission, conducted by I. S. Walters, and is filling a needed place in the religious life of I )ela\\ are.

This church was organized in 1844. The first Welsh sermon preached in Delaware was delivered by Rev. George Lewis in the year [841, at the residence of Mr. Henry Thomas, on Washington Street, between William and Winter. Prayer meetings were held from time to time at this house from 1841 to 1844. In this year the congregation was organized with the Rev. Rees Powell as pastor, and with twenty-two charter members, viz. : Henry Thomas and wife, John E. Davis and wife, John Rowland and wife, John Rowland, Sr., Reese Price, George Pugh, David Thomas, John L. Jones, Robert Dolby. Thomas Rowlands, Willliam Rowlands, John E. Davis, Edward Williams, Mary Jones, Elizabeth Jones, Catherine Rowlands. Jane Rowlands. The first services were held in a small frame school house between William and Winter Streets, which was purchased and used until 1858, when a brick structure was erected on Winter Street, between Liberty and Elizabeth Streets. Rev. Powell continued pastor until 1862, when Rev. John H. Jones became pastor, and served until in the 8o's. The membership remained in all these years about the same, between twenty and thirty. - The services were held in the Welsh language and the children did not learn this language, and so one by one dropped away.

Several years ago, services ceased to be held in this church, and the building was sold to the Public School Board and has been removed and the ground now forms part of the north lawn of the West School Building.

The Catholics of Delaware and the surrounding country did not form a regular congregation and had no resident pastor until the year 1856, when the Most Rev. J. B. Pureed. bishop of the Diocese of Cincinnati, sent the Rev. Caspar Wiese. a middle-aged German priest, to undertake the spiritual charge of the few people who professed the Catholic religion and resided in the city or neighborhood. But for fully twenty years previous to that date, missionary priests from all over the State had visited at very irregular times, the little flock for the purpose of administering the sacraments, and of encouraging those, who, in spite of their complete isolation, had tenaciously clung to the religion of their forefathers. As early as 1834 some German Catholic families had settled in Delaware, among whom were Gerhard Nuss, Chistopher Kirchner. and last but not least, Adam Miller, the father of our still-living, old and respected townsman, Martin Miller of West Winter Street. It may be stated here as the plain truth, that had it not been for the deeply religious zeal and piety of said Adam Miller, little if any trace of distinctly Catholic worship would have been witnessed in Delaware in all those years until late in the fifties and the beginning of the sixties, when a large number of Irish Catholics came and settled in East Delaware. It is not known positively whether any Catholic clergyman visited Delaware until 1838 or 1839. but on or about that time. Father Young from Lancaster, Ohio, is remembered to have reached the town and tn have celebrated the first Mass, said or sung in Delaware, in the front mom of a small frame house still standing today on the south side of Park Avenue near Franklin Street in South Delaware, and which was the residence of Adam Miller. From then until 1850, only, or possibly twice a year, would a Catholic missionary priest make his appearance and remain over Sunday. But in the meantime, and regularly every Sunday morning. Mr. Adam Miller would convert his front room into a little church, gather therein as many of his Catholic neighbors as he could notify, and devoutly preside over that part of the Catholic worship which laymen could perform in the absence of a priest, such as the recitation of the Rosary, the singing of hymns, the reading of the Gospels of the Sunday and Catechetical instruction. It was thus that the spark of faith and religion was kept up and transmitted by these few pious and simplehearted people to their children. In 1850 the number of Catholics in Delaware had increased somewhat; they were visited more regularly by the neighboring priests of Columbus, and finally they purchased a lot on University Avenue, on which a few years later, in 1854, under the direction of Rev. Caspar Borgess, afterwards bishop of Detroit, they erected a little frame church, whose size, however, answered the purpose of their still very small number for many years to come.

From 1850 to 1856 the little church was attended irregularly by Father Borgess and other clergymen from Columbus, and carefully kept up by the few devoted pioneers who had helped to erect it. Among them, were many who may be still remembered by the present generation, such as Adam Miller, the patriarch of all of them, his son, Martin Miller. John Shea, whose home near the church was at all times hospitably open to the visiting priests, George Kraus, John B. Zeller, Thomas Mc- Donald, the father of our well known and prosperous contractor, James McDonald, Christopher Kirchner, John Grady, Sr., James Cantwell and a few others. At this time, however, all of those first pioneers of St. Mary's Church have gone into eternity, with the exception of Martin Miller, who, in spite of his ripe old age, is still enjoying the best of health in our midst, and gives good promise to outlive many others who came to Delaware long after him.

Towards the end of the year 1856. the little congregation having received many accessions by the immigration of a number of Irish families, Rev. Caspar Wiese was installed as the first permanent pastor, but there being no pastoral residence, Martin Miller, who lived then in the old brick house still standing on the southwest corner of William and Union Streets, shared his house with the forlorn clergyman, and along with John Shea took care that the newly appointed pastor was made as comfortable as possible with the scanty salary the still very small congregation could furnish him. From that time until today, Delaware was never without a resident priest. In the early fifties, when the Springfield railroad was being built, at least two hundred Irish Catholic families from the neighborhood of Listowel, County Kerry, Ireland, established themselves in East Delaware, and remained there permanently even after the construction of the railroad. The number of Catholics in Delaware increased at once almost tenfold, and the original little frame church could not hold one-fourth of them.

Rev. Henry Fehlings, who was one of the immediate successors of Father Wiese, went to work, therefore, with much vim and energy, to enlarge the church, but the people being all poor, it was impossible to build an entirely new church. He struck, therefore, upon e. very peculiar and ingenious idea, seldom, if ever, carried out anywhere before him, and which for twenty-five years to come, certainly made St. Mary's Church in Delaware a somewhat queer and unsightly architectural curiosity. To the little frame church a much higher and wider brick addition was in some way attached, a process which gave to the building as a whole, a most curious and incongruous appearance outside and inside. In Father Fehling's mind, this improvement was to be but a temporary shift for obtaining room, and had he entertained the remotest suspicion that this ungainly and unsightly edifice would remain there for a quarter of a century, he would certainly never have thought of erecting it. The whole of it was only demolished in 1887.

During Father Fehlings' administration. the congregation of St. Mary's also purchased an old store room and frame house adjoining the church on University Avenue, which buildings served, like the church, for twenty-five years, as parochial school and pastoral residence. Had Rev. Henry Fehlings remained in Delaware, there is little doubt that in a very few years all these old, unsightly and dilapidated buildings which were purchased simply for emergency and temporary purposes, would soon have made room for something more suitable. But Father Fehlings was removed very suddenly and abruptly to other fields of labor, and then there came upon St. Mary's Church and congregation a period of torpor and sleepiness as to any material progress, seldom witnessed in a congregation which numbered in 1869 at least one thousand souls. Owing chiefly to very indifferent direction on the part of the many pastors who succeeded each other from 1864 to 1884, perhaps also to the lack of initiative and encouragement 1 m the part of the people, little or no attempt was made in the following twenty years, to improve the old church properties, which soon became so dilapidated looking that they were a positive disgrace to the street on which they stood. Only once during that sleepy period, in 1880, was there a slight awakening. Two large lots on East William Street were contracted for during the pastorate of Rev. N. E. Pilger, with the vague intention of building a new church thereon in the future. However, in 1884, when the present rector of St. Mary's. Rev. Ph. Steyle, came to Delaware, these lots were only about one-half paid it >r. and there seemed to be little prospect for erecting a new church. But precisely in that year of 1884, a new and surprising period of activity succeeded those twenty years of neglect and torpid carelessness. In less than six years, that is from the spring of 1885 until 1890, under the direction and initiative of the pastor and the hearty co-operation of nearly all the members of the church, a most beautiful and large brick and stone church, a sch << il house, a pastoral residence and a sisters' house sprung up, as if by magic, on East William and Henry Streets, and were almost paid for immediately by the congregation. From worshipping in the meanest and most dilapidated looking church in Delaware, the members of St. Mary's Church in this year of 1908. possess, without the slightest doubt, the most valuable, and architecturally speaking, the finest looking church property in Delaware. St. Mary's congregation, including many farmers, numbers at this date in the neighborhood of 1,400 souls. The new S:. Mary's cemetery adjoining Oak Grove, was purchased and solemnly consecrated by Bishop Watterson in 1899. In the following list we give the names of the clergymen who acted as pastors of St. Mary's Church, from the year 1856 to the present year, 1908: Rev. Caspar Wiese from 1856 to i860. Rev. Joseph Fitzgerald and his brother, Rev. E. M. Fitzgerald, from i860 to 1862. Rev. Mc- Sweeney to 1863. Rev. Henry Fehlings from 1863 to 1869. Rev. Joseph McPhilips from 1 So.', to 1874. Rev. A. O. Walker, J. B. Schmidt and J. C. Goldschmidt each for a few months in succession. Rev. N. F. Pilger from 1875 to July, 1884, and from September, 1884, to the present year. 1908, Rev. Ph. Steyle, who is therefore fulfilling the twentyfourth year of his long pastorate of St. Mary's Church.

African Methodist Episcopal Church Of Delaware, Ohio

This church - within the bounds of the North Ohio Annual Conference, since its formation in 1882. but originally in the Ohio - was organized late in the fall of 1845. tne Rev. Daniel Winslow becoming its first pastor, being appointed to its pastorate by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Paul Quinn. from the Ohio Annual Conference, which convened in Columbus, Ohio, October 18, 1845. The cornerstone of the first building was laid in 1853, and ere long Zion A. M. E. Church was dedicated. In 1876 it was razed and rebuilt. The cornerstone of this new edifice was laid by Rev. John W. Lewis; the walls completed and building roofed by Rev. J. B. Stansbury, and the building finished, seated and opened by Rev. N. M. Mitchell.

During the pastorate of Rev. Jesse Henderson, 1880-3. a feud rent this church, and some of its most substantial members, being unjustly expelled, remained out and formed what is now Trinity M. E. Church. On the whole, it is safe to say at this writing the A. M. E. is the leading church among the people of African descent in the city. Three of its ex-pastors have reached the bishopric, namely: John M. Brown, James A. Shorter, and C. T. Shaffer. One. O. J. W. Scott, is at present chaplain in the United States army. While some of its pastors showed clearly the doings of slavery, yet among them have been found polished men; teachers, jurists, theologians, orators. Christian scholars, and some of these were ex-slaves. There has been some dross, too, among the gold; some pygmies amid the giants; yet. somehow, God has used this dross and these pygmies for his glory and the good 1 >t men.

One of the potent forces of this church has been its native-born singers. Mr. William H. Alston, its chorister for years, possessed, say critics, one of the finest basso voices in the state, if not in the country; he, with his brother, F. B. Alston, being two of the "stars" in the far-famed original "Donavan's Tennessee Jubilee Singers."

The present pastor, Rev. N. M. Mitchell, is duplicating himself, having served as past< >r here quite a quarter of a century ago. The present edifice is in fairly good repair, with a membership of seventy-six and seven probationers.

From Rev. N. M. Mitchell it is learned that while the Ohio Annual Conference was in session in this church in April. 1865, a dispatch was received saying. "President Lincoln has been assassinated." In a few hours - the same day - a second dispatch came, saying: "117/- berforce has been burned to the ground." This was the only college owned by the church.

St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, of Delaware. Ohio, was originally within the bounds of the North Ohio Conference, but at the General Conference for the year i860 it was transferred to the Ohio Conference, to which it now belongs. In the fall of the year [852, the Rev. John Quigley was appointed li\ the North Ohio Conference to organize a church within ;the southern boundaries of Delaware to accommodate the membership of that portion of the, then, village of Delaware. The early records of the organization seem to have been lost or destroyed. The first official record of this church now extant is dated October 16, 1858. and includes the names of persons who afterward became prominent ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, foreign missionaries, ccillegfe professors and business men of Delaware, and elsewhere. Jacob T. Caples was the pastor in charge, and Samuel Lynch, agent of the O. W. F. College. The local preachers were : Tin imas Scott, Stanley Stevens, George Lansing Taylor, J. Bushong, L. J. Powell, Isaac Crook. Nathan Sites, I. Mast, H. J. Clark. The exhorters were H. M. Perkins. J. G. Deardorff, John Sites, W. B. Edwards, L. P. Smith. 'The stewards were lohn A. Clippinger, Hiram Hull, Charles Niel, Nathan Ely, Paul Randall. The class leaders ' were Watson Karr, Isaac Crook, N. B. Edwards, James G. Deardorff, W. O. Semans. Nathan Sites, George Lansing- Taylor, Samuel Burkholder, H. M. Perkins.

From this date, the official records are replete with such names as Dr. F. Merrick, Prof. William Godman, Prof. John P. Lanorx, Michael J. Cramer, Prof. H. S. B. Newton, Prof. F. S. Hoyt, John F. Thompson, Rev. Edward Thompson ( afterward bishop ) , and many others. But in the space allotted us for this sketch, it would be impossible to name the many useful and afterwards prominent men and women whose names are found on the official records of this church, and the reader must look to the biographical portion of this volume and to other sources, to complete the list.

But while we are unable to give a complete history of the organization of the church, we can give a complete list of the pastors whi 1 have served it from its organization down to the present time. Beginning with the first, the following: is the list:

St. Paul's started with a membership of about thirty persons, most of whom had been members of the parent church ( William Street). Since then it has grown in numbers from year to year, until, at the present time its membership is six hundred. It has a prosperous Sabbath school with an average attendance of about three hundred persons. From its organization it has been essentially a missionary church. It was in this church that the first auxiliary of the Woman's Home Missionary Society. was organized, on July 2j. 1880. It is replete with missionary work, and societies; an annual collection is taken for the general work or parent society. It has a wellorganized and well-supported Woman's Home Missionary Society, a successful Woman's

Foreign Missionary Society, a young woman's home missionary society called "The Queen Esther Circle," a Young- Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, a children's society known as the Home Guards. The Sabbath school is organized into a missionary society. It has also a Ladies's Aid Society, to which the most of the ladies of the church belong. It supports a Junior Epworth League, to which the must of the children of the church under fourteen years of age belong. And it has a prosperous Senior Epworth League with a membership of about one hundred and fifty persons, and this League is entitled to one of the first charters issued under the auspices of the organization. Immediately after it was organized, by a committee who met in the city of Cleveland. Ohio, the Rev. Samuel A. Keen, who was a member of the Committee of Organization, on his way home from the meeting, stopped at Delaware to visit his former postorate, St. Paul's Church, and Rev. B. L. McElroy, who was then its pastor in charge. Dr. Keen, who was full of the spirit of the League, made some remarks at the Wednesday evening prayer meeting in reference to the League, and immediately after the close of the prayer service, St. Paul's Epworth League was organized, and a charter called for by telegram. This League is one of the most zealous organizations of the church, and one of the most potent factors in promoting its good. The young people of this congregation had been well trained for an organization of this kind, under the pastorate of Rev. T. \\ . Stanley, during the time he had served the church (which was from the fall of 1881 to the spring of 1883). A very successful young people's meeting had been organized and it was well prepared to take up the work of the league, and it is believed that much of the good it has accomplished in after years is due to the spirit and zeal it received from that first organization of the young people of the church.

St. Paul's has sent to the foreign and home missionary fields more than fifty missionaries and teachers, which is believed to be a greater number than any other Methodist Episcopal church has sent since its organization. The following is a list of the persons who have been sent out from this church, and the several fields to which they have gone :

To the home missionary field in the south it has sent - Miss Marie Disney, Miss Irene Disney, Miss Winifred Myser, Miss Nellie Carson, Miss Alfleda Myser.

The first church, a good substantial brick building, was erected about the year 1856, on the same site where the present church now stands. It cost over $5,000, and was built during the pastorate of the Rev. Thompson F. Hildreth. The following are the names of the trustees to whom the deed was made : Edward Thompson (afterward bishop), John Ogden,

J. R. Watkins, Coe Roe, Hiram Hull, Samuel Burkholder and James K. Brittain. The deed is signed by Elnathan C. Gavitt and wife, and is dated May 31, A. D.. 1855.

The parsonage was bought about the year 1869, and adjoins the church site on the east. Both are located mi the southeast corner of Franklin Street and University Avenue, on one of the highest points in the city, and are visible for miles from all directions. During the years of 1873 and 1874. under the pastorate of Dr. Isaac Crook, and the leadership of Prof. John P. Patterson, superintendent of the Sabbath school, the church grew so rapidly in numbers that it became necessary to arrange for more room and greater facilities to accommodate the Sabbath school. An addition to the old church had been ordered, but in excavating for the new portion, the foundation of the old part was undermined and the rear wall fell with a crash which was beard all over the city. This necessitated the building of a new church. After several adjourned sessions of the Quarterly Conference a soliciting committee was appointed who reported to an adjourned session that they had procured subscriptions sufficient to justify the beginning of the new church. A Building Committee was chosen, consisting of the following named persons : John Lane, Prof. H. M. Perkins. Thomas Craven. James R. Lytle and J. Frost. Dr. Ralph Hills was selected as the architect, who donated his services, and the new church was at once begun. In a few months a substantial two-story brick church, 60 by 90 feet, ornamented with stone trimmings, was under roof, and the first story finished at a cost of about $13,000. The church was afterward completed at a cost of about $12,000. so that the present church structure has cost about $25,- 000. The present parsonage was built at a cost of about $3,500. and was completed in the spring of the year 1898.

St. Paul's, with its well established missionary spirit, laid the foundation for the first mission church in Delaware. The pastorate of Rev. Joseph H. Creighton was marked by the beginning of Faith Church, or Merrick Chapel. Under the leadership of Mrs. Mary

Knowles. Miss Fidelia Perkins and Mrs. Ann Lane, three of St. Paul's faithful workers, a Sabbath school was organized which met for a short time under the trees near the corner of Liberty and Harrison Streets. Later a room was secured, and finallly the present church edifice was erected, which was dedicated on the fourth day of January, A. D. 1891, and in 1898, the same was set apart as a separate church, and has alwavs been well beloved by St. Paul's.

Time and space would not permit the mention of the many faithful servants among the laity of this church. But a history of St. Paul's would not be complete without the name of Mrs. Mary Knowles. the faithful and efficient teacher of the infant class in the Sabbath school. She took charge of this class on the first Sunday in September, A. D.. 1868, and has had charge of it continuously ever since. Fully a generation has passed away since she first had charge of this class, and today many who have been her pupils are occupying high positions in state, church, missionary fields and social circles, and in the great hereafter hundreds will arise and call her blessed.

St. Paul's raises, annually, for the support of the church about $2,500. It pays its pastor $1,500 per year. The remaining $1,000 is used for lighting, heating, organist, janitor, insurance and other necessary expenses of the church. St. Paul's is without a debt, except a debt of gratitude, which it owes to the many faithful pastors who have served it. It owes much to its leaders, stewards, trustees, Sabbath school superintendents and teachers, the many other constant workers among its laity who have clone so much to promote its good. But most of all. it is indebted to the great God to whom it prays, and in whom it implicitly trusts, and from whom all its blessings flow.

The First Baptist Church

During the last year of J. B. Woodland's pastorate, a church meeting was called to see if the church would take action on the building of a new house of worship, having long felt the need of larger and better accommodations. At that time the church was $200 in debt, and some of the members thought ;t was too great an undertaking, but before the meeting closed the church voted unanimously to build, and a committee was chosen with instructions to proceed at once. The Lord was evidently with the committee, and they realized that "except the Lord build the house, they labor in vain who build it." The work went on steadfastly, and harmoniously to the end. The bills were all paid when due, except a few hundred dollars which were subscribed and soon paid. The house is built of brick with stone trimmings. It was dedicated October 3, 1897, free of debt. The audience room is 40x60 feet, with a room 25x40 feet on the north side for Sunday school and prayer meetings. This room can be thrown open to the audience room by means of rising doors. An addition 12x25 teet nn the wot end of the audience room is an addition that was built to the old house but a short time before, and was utilized for committee meetings, and preparation rooms. The house cost about Si 2.000.

Shortly after the dedication, one of the members. Mr. Morgan Savage, who had contributed largely to the church building, proposed to have a pipe organ put in, which thechurch did not feel able to do till later, but Mr. Savage felt earnest to have it now, and said, "if you, will put one in I will pay for it." It was put in, and bears his name as the

Grace Church

Grace Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in January, i860, by the Rev. Henry - E. Pilcher, in a small schoolhouse near the grounds of the Agricultural Society. Twelve members in full connection and thirty upon probation constituted the original organization.

When this church was first organized it was in the bounds of the Central Ohio Conference, but at the General Conference of i860, it was transferred to the North Ohio, where it has since remained. During the year 1861-, by perseverance, and not without sacrifice, the membership succeeded in erecting a small frame church. In this the congregation worshiped until 1875. Many glorious outpourings of the Holy Spirit were received by the membership in the little white church. Here manv weary sinners were moved to repentance, sought pardon, and started upon the way to happiness and usefulness.

The church edifice which is now occupied by the congregation was begun by the Rev. Charles F. Creighton in 1872. After many reverses it was finally completed and dedicated February 7, 1875, by Rev. Bishop Randolph S. Foster. It is located in the eastern part 0: the city at the juncture of William and Chesh- ire Streets. It is a neat building of brick with spire and turret. It will comfortably seat rive hundred people. The seats are of ash trimmed with black walnut and flexed at the sides, giving all the auditors a front view of the pulpit. Its commodious and tasteful arrangement is commended by all who are acquainted with it.

Grace Church includes within its membership and congregation nearly all the English-speaking Methodists on the east side of the river, and many from the west side, but most of its members live in the country. It has never abounded in wealth, but. under liberal and wise management, it has been able to erect a substantial, neat edifice, and to pay annually the average amount of about $600. It has not increased in membership as rapidly as some other churches more favorably located. It has filled to a considerable extent the place of a mission church, and has exerted much influence upon the fallen, and the lower classes of society. Its members have, however, as a rule, been good, substantial men and women, who have indeed been servants of the Lord. Consequently many revivals have characterized the history of the church. In 1865. the membership had grown to about one hundred persons. During the winter of 1871-72, a powerful revival took place, in which many students of the Ohio Wesleyan University took an active part. At the close of this year the membership numbered about one hundred and fifty.

From i860 to 1865. this church was included in the bounds of the Woodbury Circuit; in 1865, it was transferred to the Galena Circuit; in 1868, it was made the chief appointment of a newly formed circuit, called Delaware and Eden Charge.

The following is a list of the pastors who have served the church: 1860-61, Revs. Samuel Mower and C. B. Brandebury ; 1861-62, Revs. Philip Plummer and John Blampied ; 1862-63, Revs. Chilton Craven and John Blampied; 1863-64, Revs. John Mitchell and William Jones. Mr. Mitchell died in November, 1863, and Rev. Oliver Burgess was sent to fill the vacancy. 1864-65. Revs. James

Second Baptist Church

The Second Baptist Church of Delaware, Ohio, was organized June 8, 1868, in Joseph Townsend's house on High Street, by Elder Berrv Moss, of Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio.

It was reorganized by Elder S. D. Fox, of Springfield, Ohio. The members in the organization were Joseph Townsend , Martha Curry, Peter Woodley, Jane Townsend, Van Evan, Mandie Campbell, James Curry, Nellie Hunter, Mary Lewis. H. C. Clay joined the same day by experience, making ten in the start. The first deacons were Joseph Townsend, Van Evan. Peter Woodley, James Curry. The trustees were Joseph Townsend, Peter W< "idley and James Curry.

The pastors in succession are : Rev. Wallace, of Ripley, Brown County. Ohio; Elder Frank Mitchell, of Columbus. Ohio; Elder Richard Meredith,, of London, Madison County, Ohio; Elder John Moody, of Xenia, Green County, Ohio; H. C. Clay, of Delaware, Ohio; G. W. Curry, of Delaware, Ohio; Elder Isham Lafavette, of Kalamazoo, Michi- gan; E. C. Clay, of Springfield, Ohio; Elder John Robertson, of Cincinnati, Ohio; J. W. Johnson, of Richmond, Virginia ; Elder G. W. Curry, of Delaware. Ohio; H. C. Clay, of Delaware, Ohio; Elder William Balay, of Xenia, Green County, Ohio; Elder W. M. Lowry, of Virginia ; R. Martin, of Spring-field, Ohio; Robert Johnson, Jr., Delaware, Ohio; C. A. Gilman, Columbus, Ohio; W. N. Allen, Urbana, Ohio.

The number and names of preachers that were licensed by the Second Baptist Church of Delaware, Ohio - H. C. Clay, G. W. Curry, L. J. Artist, John Curry, W. N. Allen, G. W. Mayo. A. P. Warrick - seven in number. Those called to ordination by the Second Baptist Church of Delaware, Ohio, are H. C. Clay, who was ordained by the council at association in Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio, September, 1874; G. W. Curry, who was ordained at home in the Second Baptist Church, of Delaware, Ohio. Council - Elder William Rickman, Elder J. L. Rickman, Elder H. C. Clay. W. X. Allen was ordained at home in Delaware, the council being Elder J. W. Isenberger, pastor of First Baptist Church of Delaware, Ohio; Elder G. W. Curry, of Delaware. Ohio;H. C. Clay, of Delaware, Ohio.

The places rented to worship in are: Father Jeffrey Day's house, on High Street, Mrs. Shavious* house on Ross Street. Robert Whyte's house on Ross Street, J. J. Williamson's house, corner of Railroad and Liberty Streets, the engine-house northeast corner of the Park. Mr. Heibie's house on the east side of Washington Street, opposite the City Park; bought lot and built on it on Ross Street ; lost the same; afterward bought lot from Robert Whyte. and an old house from Mrs. Mary Shavious. and moved it on the lot and made a little addition to the house; bought a lot from Mr. Richard Reynolds on Ross Street, and built on it, which is clear of debt.

This church was organized in the Opera House, Delaware, Ohio, November 22, 1885, by Dr. Ort and J. F. Shaffer, then of Springfield, Ohio. A number of members connected with the German Lutheran Church (St. Mark's ) desired more freedom to mingle with Christians of other denominations than the constitutional authority of that church permitted, and with others established a distinctive society on the basis of the General Synod of the English Lutheran Church. A constitution in harmony with their purpose was adopted, and sixty-two signed this constitution as charter members.

Services were inauguarated and worship conducted thereafter, in a small brick church owned by the Welsh Congregationalists, located on West Winter Street. On November 29, 1885, Rev. Shaffer, then president of Miami Synod, and one of the editors of the Lutheran Evangelist, also professor of Hebrew, church history, and Biblical archaeology, in their theological seminary at Springfield, Ohio, was called to be their pastor. Rev. Shaffer, at a sacrifice of these things mentioned, accepted the call and on the nth of December moved his family to the city of Delaware, and at once took hold of the work. Steps were taken immediately to erect a church building. A lot was secured on the east side of Sandusky Street, opposite the Court House, and on May 30th. the cornerstone was laid, Dr. S. O. Ort, of Springfield, Ohio, preaching the sermon, the ceremony being performed by Rev. Shaffer. The pastor announced that the tin box deposited in the cornerstone contained a copy of the incorporation of the church, a hymnal, a catechism, Lutheran Observer, and Evangelist, Delaware papers, and some others. So rapidly was the work pushed that on October 17th, only eleven months after the organization, a beautiful and commodious brick structure costing about $17,000 was dedicated to the worship of God. Many mem- hers of the Miami Synod were present at the dedication. Dr. Shaffer - the doctorate having- been, worthily, bestowed on him at the Spring- Commencement of Wittenberg College. June, 1887 - has been their only pastor. On the twentieth anniversary of his pastorate, he preached a sermon from which the following statistics are taken : Total number of members admitted during the twenty years, 471 ; deaths, 61 ; removals. 144; dropped from the roll, 32 ; membership at date, 202 ; Sunday school membership. 220, of which sixty are in Home Department and twenty on the Cradle Roll. The church has continued to prosper, and a few months ago a pipe organ was added, and the audience room artistically frescoed.

Dr. Shaffer continued pastor of the church until Easter Sunday, March 31, 1907, at which time much to the regret of the congregation, he offered his resignation, which was later accepted, but he still is stated supply of the church. This church, together with its pastor, who has also for many years been an active member of the Public School Board, has tilled one of the most useful places in the city of Delaware, and as the church is now looking for a pastor, it is the wish of all citizens of the city, that the congregation will find a worthy successor to Dr. Shaffer.

Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church

This church had its origin in 1886. Prior to that time much consideration had been given as to whether William Street Church in rebuilding should move farther north, or a new organization should be formed in the north part of the city.

"Whereas, The Quarterly Conference of William Street M. E. Church, Delaware, Ohio, has been for a series of years trying to awaken interest in favor of a new church edifice for said church, and

Whereas, There is a desire on the part of many of the membership of this church that a new church edifice be built for the use of the northern portion of the members of this church ; therefore

Resolved, That we, the members of the Quarterly Conference, favor the division of the membership of this society into two churches, provided that a sufficient number of members signify a willingness to withdraw from the parent society, or church, for the purpose of organizing another church."

"We, the undersigned members of William Street M. E. Church, Delaware, Ohio, Central Ohio Conference, Delaware District, in accordance with the action held February 25, 1886, providing for the voluntary formation of a new society, or church, by subscribing our names do hereby signify our desire to withdraw from said William Street Church for the purpose of forming such a new society."

On May 28, 1886, a number of the members of William Street Church, most of them residing in the north part of town, met at the home of Mrs. Martha A. Sanborn for discussing the new church project. At this meeting Mrs. A. S. Clason offered the following which was unnanimously adopted :

"Recognizing the importance of a church in the north part of the city, therefore, we hereby express our willingness, in connection with others, to take the necessary steps for organization."

In September following the Central Ohio Conference added to its list of charges Asbury Church, Delaware, Ohio, and Rev. L. M. Albright was appointed pastor. The new organi- zation was at that time without a church heme. The Baptist society tendered their church edifice for the use of the new church organization on Sunday afternoons and Thursday evenings, a kindness then highly appreciated and not to be forgotten.

The present site of the church had already ben purchased, the selection having been made July 19th. The official body determined soon after the appointment of the pastor to build a temporary edifice on the rear part of the lot. Ground was broken October 5th, and the edifice was completed November 3rd. The cost, including furniture, chairs, pulpit, carpet and curtains, amounted to $1,340. This structure seated about four hundred persons, and proved in every particular a most happy and successful enterprise. November seventh was the opening day. Dr. Isaac Crook, then pastor of St. Paul's Church, preached from Isaiah 66, first and second verses, and he and Dr. L. D. McCabe conducted the ritualistic service.

The evening sermon was by Rev. D. Kemble, D. D., then missionary to Mexico. By this time the membership was 200. and weekly additions became the rule.

On January 5. 1887, the trustees completed their contract with Air. J. G. Grove for his lot located on the southwest corner of Franklin Street and Lincoln Avenue. The purchase price was $4,500.

The trustees then turned their attention to the preparation needed for the erection of a permanent building. J. W. Yost, Esq., of Columbus, was secured as architect. There was some delay in determining whether the walls should be stone mi- brick. It was found that the additional cost for stone walls amounted to $4,000. Captain V. T. Hills and J. C. Watson, Esq., arranged for the extra expense, and a formal contract for the construction of the edifice was made with Wellington Long. Esq.. March 1, 1888. The cornerstone was laid June 13, 1888. A sermon of unusual spiritual force

In the spring of 1889 a special contract was made for completing the Sunday school room. It was completed and informally opened in August following. The opening sermon was by Rev. Prof. L. D. McCabe, LL. D., and the first sacramental occasion of the church was held in the evening.

Rev. L. M. Albright, D. D., now closed a pastorate of three years, and received instead the presiding eldership of Delaware district. His pastorate was a model of leadership, unwearied effort and success. He had received beside its charter members about three hundred persons, most of them having hitherto no membership in any church in Delaware.

In September Rev. E. D. Whitlock, D. D., was appointed to the charge and entered into the work with zeal and enthusiasm. In the winter following there was a marked revival and many young people belonging to the families of the church and congregation became members.

The edifice was brought to its completion in the autumn of 1900 and was dedicated November 1 6th. The occasion was one of great interest to the church, city and community. The pastor was assisted in the services by Drs. Albright. Wharton and ex-President Merrick. Rev. Charles E. Sims. LL. D.. president of Syracuse Lhiiversity. preached from Ps. 137; 5, 6, and also in the evening from Luke 16:25.

The indebtedness on the church at the time of dedication was $8,000. It seemed like a large sum for a people who had been giving generously for four years, but they cheerfully gave what was needed and closed the day with subscriptions amounting to $8,500. The whole day was one of spiritual enthusiasm and exaltation. The people had planned, - prayed, toiled and given constantly since the great enterprise began ; now their joy over the outcome knew no bounds.

The edifice is remarkable for its plainness, simplicity and solidity. Every expression of mere ornamentation and cheapness had been carefully avoided. Its walls are of dark blue lime stone. It is rectangular in form, and is about 70 by 1 10 feet. The auditorium is 50 by 60 feet. The floor is slightly bowled and of amphitheatre seating. The architecture is of the old cathedral and Romanesque style. The entire cost of the plant was about $37,000. The society has been remarkable for its continuous growth, healthy and harmonious development, and for its family and social spirit and life. Its Sunday school and Epworth League are seldom equalled in fullness and regularity of attendance, and in contribution of members to the church. Its membership now numbers 490.

Faith Methodist Episcopal Church

This church is situated on South Liberty Street, opposite High Street, in South Delaware. The church, which was dedicated January 4. 1 So 1. was the result of much missionary wi n"k carried on chieflv under the auspices of" the St. Paul's M. E. Church. Before the church was built the mission workers met and held their services in the homes of the people. Later a store room was secured, and finally a hall in the old brick building on the southw est corner of Liberty and Ross Streets became the home of the congregation until the church was built. Much of the success of the work was due to the benevolent and self-sacrificing spirit of Dr. Frederick Merrick and his beloved wife, both now erone to their reward.

Rev. J. Mitchell, a superannuate member of the Ohio Conference, was appointed to take charge of the work, and truly the work he has done has not been in vain. His name and character are indelibly impressed upon all the old homes of South Delaware. In 1897, Rev. A. L. Rogers, a student in the University, took charge of the work, and so rapidly did it grow, that it was necessary to build a large addition on the rear end of the church. Brother Rogers carried this work through successfully. He ministered unto the people for three years. Following him came Rev. J. A. Currier, who served the charge three years. In 1903 Rev. P. C. Hargraves served one year. Rev. C. E. Turley came in 1904 and served two years. In 1906 the present pastor was sent to the work.

The church is thoroughly organized, and still continues to do good work in South Delaware. The church has a membership of eighty, and maintains a Sunday school with an average attendance of sixty, which meets every Sunday. It still has the old-time class meeting, which meets every Sunday morning at 9 130. During the present pastorate the church has been covered with a new slate roof, and a new furnace has been placed in the enlarged and improved building.

Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church

The pioneer members of this church were : A. Highwarden and wife; Jesse Merritt and wife: Alexander Austin and wife: Abel Wilson; J. W. Highwarden; Hattie McLamore, Rosa Austin, Anna Brown, Thomas Brown and wife ; Fannie Crawford, George Merritt, and others.

The first meeting held consisted of Bible readings at the houses of the various persons mentioned. After which the members were organized into a church society by Rev. I. F. Brown, who preached the first sermon in Abram Highwarden's house on Ross Street, and the next at Abel Wilson's on Railroad

Street. The trustees and members of the Second Baptist Church very kindly permitted them to hold some meetings in a room they had on Ross Street. After that they held meetings in a small house on Eaton Street for several years. Following this, the trustees, Thomas Brown, Abel Wilson and George Merritt, secured a lot which was purchased from Mrs. W. T. Watson, for $300, upon which a foundation was placed, costing $55. This was paid by these people and the present church building erected through the efforts of Rev. G. W. Bailey. The cost estimated at $1,278 (by the builder, E. M. Heller), was somewhat modified by a few changes in the plan, which made the amount really paid about one thousand dollars, secured from the People's Building and Loan Association, and which has Ijeen canceled through the untiringefforts of that grand and noble Christian gentleman. Rev. J. H. Payne.

The names of the preachers who have had charge of the church are : J. F. Brown, W. C. Echols, O. W. Fox, Alexander Austin, J. G. Jones, Elijah Henderson, W. W. Heston, Robert Adkins, G. W. Bailey, Elam Whyte, Rev. Mr. Flanigan, Joel Perkins, William Renfro, D. V. Disney, Rev. Mr. Brooks, G. D. Williams and J. H. Payne. The elders who have presided over the district are Joseph Courtney, E. W. Hammonds. M. S. Johnson, T. L. Ferguson and Elder Simmons.

This society was presented to the Lexington Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church by Rev. J. F. Brown, and accepted under Bishop Foss. This society from the first has complied with the requirements of the church in regard to organizing- a Sunday school, and other auxiliaries of the church. J. W. Highwarden being the first Sunday school superintendent, followed by Hattie Mc- Lamore, George Merritt and A. V. Austin. The membership of the school is forty-five, with an average attendance of thirty-eight. The present pastor is Rev. J. T. Leggett.

United Brethren Church

This society was organized in 1902, by Rev. Galbrand and H. Hatton. It was the result of a revival held in Faith Chapel. Several of the U. B. faith having taken part in this revival, were not satisfied to unite with the Faith M. E. Church, and formed a society of twenty members. They first held their services in the Highwarden Hall, and Rev. Whitnell was their first minister. After the Trinity M. E. Church erected their new church on Liberty Street, they occupied the building which the Trinity people had used on Eaton Street. Since that time, Rev. N. Allebaugh, Rev. Berry, Rev. Smith and Rev. A. Garbrand, have been pastors. The present supply is a lady, Rev. Mary Lemmon. About 1904, what was known as the Woodgrove Church was moved to Delaware by Wayne Hazelton, and they now occupy that building. The society remains in connection with the Radical LT. B. Church as distinguished from the Liberal U. B. Church. The present membership is fifty-six.

The religious history of this township is an interesting one, and dates back to the arrival of the first settlers, as they were nearly all religious people. The family of Colonel Byxbe was of the Presbyterian creed, that of Major Brown, together with the Paines, Plumbs and Curtices were members of the Episcopal Church.

With the advent of the Carpenters in the southern part of the township came the Meth- ' odist. Gilbert Carpenter was a minister in that church, and it was not long until a society was organized in that locality. There were about fourteen members, and their meetings were held in a hewed log schoolhouse. erected not far from 1813. Gilbert Carpenter and his nephew, Benjamin, Jr., with occasional visits from itinerants, supplied the society with preaching.

Two years later the Methodist organized a society in Sunbury, and held their meetings during the winter in the surrounding cabins, and in the summer in Judge Carpenter's barn. The people came from a distance of ten miles with ox-teams and barefooted in summer, and from long distances in winter to attend these meetings. The ministers were not" collegebred men, nor men marked with special gifts for the ministry. They wore the home-made clothing of the settlers, and were often compelled to endure hardships, not even known by those living in the cabins. In 1825. a frame building now standing in Galena, was erected, is well maintained, and continues to be the rallying-point for the Methodists in the southern part of the township.

At Sunbury the society used a brick schoolhouse for their services until 1839, when they erected a frame church costing $1,500. The Episcopal society helped in building this church with the understanding that they were to have the use of it part of the time. The latter organization became extinct through removal and change of membership. The church was used by the Methodists until about two years ago, when a larger and more commodious structure was erected. The first circuit was established in 1831, with Rev. James Mclntyre as presiding elder.