Delaware County, Ohio - Chapter 18: Townships and Towns, 1908 (part 3 of 16)

home in the Catskil] Mountains to engage in the manufacture of oilcloth, having Messrs. Snyder ami I 'ran for his partners. The enterprise did not prove successful from a financial standpoint, and Mr. Fowler came to Ohio. In 1840. he married Miss Catharine Ann Gray of New Philadelphia, and brought her to the farm in Porter Township on which he had settled three years before. They came overland in a spring-wagon - the first one in the neighborhood. Having taken the most important step in a man's lifetime, Mr. Fowler row set to work with all his energy to clear up his 200- acre farm. The forest was so dense that they could not see forty rods from the cabin, and t nly reached this neighborhood by following a path that was indicated by blazed trees. After remaining- here for four years with his young wife, who had never been away from home, Mr. Fowler returned with his family to his old home in New York State, driving in a wagon to New Philadelphia, and making the rest of the journey by canal and wagon. He remained away fi >ur years, during which time his farm was cultivated by a tenant, McCreary by name. While he was away, Mr. Fowler was again engaged in business as a manufacturer, but sold out his interests when he decided to return to his farm. He began to make improvements, and soon had his farm well fenced and under a good state of cultivation. He erected a large frame house and two frame barns, set out an orchard, and soon had everything about him for his comfort and convenience that was possible in that day. He and his wife were Presbyterians, and for many years they were regular attendants of the Old Blue Church in Kingston, a distance of seven miles from their home, and great as was the distance, they were seldom late either for Sabbath school or preaching services. When the New School Presbyterians built their church in East Liberty, he went there, the distance being three miles shorter. In this new church Mr. Fowler and Mr. John Wan Sickle, of Kingston, were the main pillars. Mr. Fowler was a man of true piety and practical religion. He made several trips to his old home in the Catskill Mountains, and was frequently visited by his father and mother. Mr. Fowler died in Delaware, where he had resided but a short time, on June 12, [872, and was buried in the old cemetery he had helped to lay out, near the old church in Porter, with which he had been so long identified. He was well versed in the Scriptures and in ancient and modern history. His oldest son, Dr. S. W. Fowler, of Delaware, is the oldest physician in the county, and an able contributor to this work.

In 1839, David Babcock emigrated from Rhode Island to Porter Township and settled on the east side of the Big Walnut, near the northern boundary or the township. He cleared up the farm and resided here until his death, which occurred in 1871, when he was seventy-two years old. About 1844, S. A. Ramsey purchased a farm of about 200 acres near the center of the "Irish Section." This he developed into a profitable farm. He reared a large family, and won the respect of all his neighbors by his uprightness of character. He served as justice of the peace and in other township offices. We have endeavored to give all that we could learn regarding the early settlers, who left homes of comparative comfort and braved the perils and endured the hardships of the wilderness to pave the way for the civilization that we enjoy today. It would be impossible to go into such detail regarding the thousands of worthy citizens who now compose the population of Delaware County. So far as we know, no record exists to show the date of the first marriage, but as nearly as we can learn, the contracting parties were Reuben Place and Rachel Meeker. Tradition also says that Eliza Allen Mendenhall Pint was the first white child born of the permanent settlers, and Polly Place was the first to die. This has always been a farming community, and one of the last places in the world for a speculative enterprise to gain a foothold; yet. in 1865, when the oil speculation in Ohio was at its height, the Delaware & Hocking Oil Company was organized by Judge Isaac Ramsey, David Coban, Dr. H. Bessee, Mr. Huston and others, with Charles McElroy as secretary. The necessary apparatus was purchased, and the Company started to bore for oil on the Big Walnut. The excitement grew greater from day to day, the stock of the company increased in price and sold rapidly to those whom, it is easy now to say, were more hopeful than wise. It was decided that the work was impracticable after the well had been driven 900 feet through the sandstone, blue clay and clay shale, and the enterprise was abandoned. Had they been successful, the promoters of the venture would have been credited with unusual foresight and business acumen. The citizens of Porter Township are the peers of the citizens of any similar neighborhood in the State in intelligence, industry, enterprise and morality.

Radnor, one of the three original townships of Delaware County, rich and fertile in its soil, substantial and progressive in its citizenship, takes second rank to no farming community in this section of the State. Peopled from its infancy, largely by men of the sturdy Welsh race, the development and improvement of the land and the establishment of schools and churches was accomplished with greater rapidity than is recorded in the experience of most virgin territories. Henry Perry, of Angelsey, South Wales, accompanied by his young sons, Ebenezer and Levi, was the first white settler, coming in the fall of 1803, hut it was not until July of the following year that he became a property owner. He purchased 100 acres of land fur $150 of David Pugh, an extensive land owner, at whose solicitation he had come west from Philadelphia to make settlement.

David Pugh, leaving his native country, Radnorshire, South Wales, crossed the ocean in 1 801, and took up his residence in Baltimore, Maryland. The following year he went to Philadelphia, where he met Dr. Samuel

Jones, who had a warrant for 4,000 acres of United States Military land, in Township 6, Range 20, as designated by the United States Survey. The result of the acquaintance was the employment of young Pugh as an emissary to go west and learn something of the character and value of the land owned by the doctor. Early in 1802 he left Philadelphia and after an adventurous trip on -horseback, lasting two months, arrived at Franklinton, Franklin County, the settlement nearest the land he sought. With an experienced backwoodsman as guide, he made his way northward through an unbroken wilderness to the land, located in the township to which he subsequently gave the name of Radnor, in honor of his native country. The name however is of English origin, the Welsh name of that country being "Maesyfed." After a thorough examination, David Pugh returned to Philadelphia and made a favorable report to Dr. Jones. In the city of Philadelphia, March 2, 1803, for a consideration of $2,650, a transfer was made to David Pugh, of the tract of 4,000 acres, excepting 50 acres given to David Lodwig, and 50 acres donated as a "glebe" for a Baptist or a Presbyterian minister who would locate in the proposed settlement.

Henry Perry, who had but recently arrived in this country, was persuaded by Mr. Pugh to make settlement in this wild country, which he and his two sons did in the fall of 1803, as before mentioned, leaving his wife and two small children in Baltimore. The journey was made on foot, and after many trials and hardships they arrived on the Pugh land. A small clearing was made, a cabin erected and the following spring crops planted on land which they had cleared during the winter. Leaving his young sons (Ebenezer being fifteen and Levi thirteen years old at the time of their arrival) in possession of the cabin, Henry Perry returned to Baltimore for the remainder of his family, which in the early summer he brought West, making the journey in a cart. In 1804, David Pugh returned and had his land surveyed into 100 acre tracts, except 150 acres in the center, which were laid out in town lots, the town to be known as New Baltimore.

Others who came in 1804 and purchased of Mr. Pugh, were Richard Tibbott, John Watkins. John Jones, Hugh Kyle, and David Marks. The year of 1805 witnessed the coming" of the following families: Evan Jenkins, David Davids, Richard Hoskins, David Davies, and John M inter. David Pugh went to his native land in 1806, and in 1807 returned with his sisters, Mary and Hannah, wives of David Perry and John Philips, respectively. The same year, came Mrs. Eleanor Lodwig with her children. Thomas, John and Letitia ; and in 1808. Benjamin Kepler. Elijah Adams. Thomas Warren, and John Foos, came to Radnor with their families.

Radnor Township was created at the time the county was organized, but remained as then constituted only until the meeting of the rirst Commissioners Court, when on June 15, 1808. the township of Marlborough was created out of Radnor territory. Thompson and Troy were later segregated from Radnor and established as separate townships, leaving the latter, in its dimensions, about ten miles north and south and from three to five miles in width.

During the War of 1812, the settlers were kept in turmoil, being in constant fear of attack from the Indians. A block house was erected on the farm of Benjamin Kepler as a retreat for the people, but when an attack became most threatening, many fled to the fort near Franklinton. However, the expected attack never materialized. After the war had closed and peace and safety assured, there was a great influx of new settlers, among them being Mrs. Wasson and her sons; Joseph Dunlap; Samuel Cooper; Robert and John McKinney; Obed Taylor; James and Matthew Fleming; John Jones; Walter Perry. Si"., with his sons, Walter, William, Edward, and Roger ; then Thomas Jones and sons - John A. and Thomas ; Ellis Jones, David E. Jones. Edward Evans. John Owen. Roger Watkins, W'atkin Watkins, William Watkins, John and Humphrey Humphreys, Benjamin Herbert. Morgan D. Morgans, the pioneer blacksmith of the settlement: J. R. Jones, a weaver by trade: J. Jones, a mason; John Cadwalader, Rev. David Calwalader, David Lloyd, John

Davies, a cooper; Mrs. Mary Chidlaw, with her family ; and Robert and Stephen Thomas. Most of these were of Welsh birth. By the time the early thirties were reached, practically all of the lands of the township was owned by actual settlers, and it is a notable fact that few farms of the township have ever been subjected to tax sales.

The first white child born in the county was David Perry, Jr., followed closely by Mary Jones, afterward Mrs. Warner, in 1807. The first death was that of the mother of Hugh Kyle, but there is no record of the date; she was buried in the old cemetery at Radnor. The first marked grave in that cemetery was that of David Davids, who died September 10. 1 8 10. Elijah Adams was the first justice of the peace in Radnor, and Thomas Warren conducted the first tavern, starting in 181 1 in a two story log building.

The village of Delhi, which has been known as Radnor since the advent of the Columbus & Toledo ( Hocking Valley) Railroad, was laid out in August, 1833, for Edward Evans on his farm, near what has been the town site of New Baltimore, before Thomas Warren converted it into a farm. The first house on the town site of Radnor was built in 1805 where the Welsh Methodist Church now stands, and was occupied by Morgan Morgan, the blacksmith. The first store was kept by Obed Taylor. Thomas Taylor was the first postmaster as well as the first tavern keeper. Delhi Lodge No. 250, I. O. O. F., was installed there May 17, 1854, with five charter members, and grew rapidly.

The time the first school was started or by whom it was taught is not known, but it was during the early days of the settlement. In 1821 there were three log school houses in the township, one on the farm of John Philips in the southern part, another on the farm of John Dildine. centrally located, ami the third near the old block house. There are at present eight school districts, with substantial school buildings, and a competent corps of instructors employed.

house. Elder Drake was the first regular pastor, preaching in both Welsh and English. They erected first a log church near the burying ground, and regardless of denomination or religious belief, the settlers assisted in the building, each bringing a hewed log and assisting in the raising. In 1833. near the site of the log church, a stone building was built, and in 1867 a fine edifice was constructed of brick, representing an outlay of $4,500.

The Methodist Episcopal Church had representation there from the first, and in 1808 an itinerant minister preached the first sermon in the township, in the house of Henry Perry. Several years later a few of the families met regularly at the house of Elijah Adams and services were held. It was not until 1838 that a frame house of worship was built and the congregation supplied with regular preaching. In 1855 a brick meeting house was erected.

The Radnor Welsh Congregational Church had its beginning about 1818. when meetings were held in the cabins of the settlers, the language spoken being invariably Welsh. In 1820, Rev. James Davies organized a church in the home of John Jones, and thereafter was not without a pastor for more than a brief period. In 1841 a frame church building was erected and in 1842 was dedicated. In the middle sixties a brick meeting house was erected at a cost of $3,000.

The Radnor Presbyterian Church dates its organization back to 1819, when the Rev. Joseph Hughes of Delaware accepted it as one of his charges. A hewed log meeting-house was built in a sugar grove on the farm of Joseph Dunlap. The erection of a stone church building was begun in 1840 but not completed until 1849. In tne interim, the log church was abandoned and there was no pastor for several years. Through the efforts of Rev. S. R. Hughes, the church resumed its proper place in the world.

The Protestant Episcopal Church was organized in 1836 by Rev. Abram Edwards, and a house of worship was erected but its existence was limited to a very few years.

The Welsh Presbyterian Church was organized in 1850 by the Welsh settlers who were of the Calvinistic Methodist faith before leaving their native land. Their church creed being almost identical with the Presbyterian in America, the church was given the latter name. The first pastor was Rev. Hugh Roberts, and the Welsh language has always been used in preaching in that church. A church edifice was erected in 1877.

The Radnor Sunday School Union, the first Sunday school in Radnor Township, was established April 18, 1829. and continued most actively for many years, but finally was disbanded because Sunday Schools had been established in the respective Churches. Primers, spellers and the Bible were the text books used and the good accomplished by this organization in improving the minds of the young, morally and educationally, can scarcely tie estimated or imagined. Of the members of this union, six became ministers of the Gospel.

The Radnor Township officials in 1908 were: James P. Osborne, justice of the peace; Charles S. Gallant and Edgar Jones, trustees; Charles E. Davis, clerk; Perry J. Griffith, treasurer; Charles R. Watkins. assessor; M. Mays, constable.

This township was included in the Old Virginia Military Land, and originally included territory only west of the Scioto River. On December 7, 1814, the county commissioners granted a petition to establish this township. At that time the new township included all the land west of the Scioto that had been in

Radnor, and extended south to the mouth ol Mill Creek. Concord Township was established in 1819, and two years later, the boundaries of Sci< Ho Township were definitely fixed, as follows: Beginning on the west bank of the Scioto River at Dilsaver's Ford, the line ran west to Union County; thence south with said line to the middle of Mill Creek; thence eastwardly with the north line of Concord Township to the Scioto River; thence up the said river, with the meander thereof to the place of beginning. In 1852. land embracing two school districts in the northern part of G ncord Township, on the east side of the Scioto was annexed to Scioto Township. A few years after that, a part of Concord Township situated directly west of the Mill Creek settlement, occupying the bend of Mill Creek south of it. was attached to Scioto Township, so that the people living on it might have the benefit of the Ostrander schools and the nearby \oting place. Scioto Township is now bounded on the north by Thompson and Radnor Townships; on the east by Radnor, Delaware and Concord Townships; on the south by Concord Township and Union County, and on the west by Union County. The township takes its name from the Scioto River. This is a corruption of the Indian name Scionto, which was applied to the river by the Wyandots. Arthur's Run and Boke*s Creek are the tributaries of the river in the northern half of the township. The latter, which is a good-si/cd stream, was named for a Wyandot chief. It is feci by Smith's Run. Mill Creek, the principal tributary of the Scioto River in Delaware County, runs through the southern part of the township.

Near the river the land is rolling, and in some places the banks of the river are quite steep. The land along the river is rich. Farther back it is more level, and is well adapted for grains and grazing. Here and there through the townships clay knobs are to be found containing excellent material for the manufacture of brick and tile. In the western part of the township, about where the farms of John W. Eddleblute and Acel Larcum and others in that neighborhood are located, there was at one time a pond of considerable size and much swamp Land. This was drained, and in order to get rid of the vegetation with which the land was covered, it was set on fire. It burned for a long time before the fire could be put out. From this fact the road which runs north and south through this section became known as the Burned Pond Pike. The lands proved to be- some of the richest in the township.

The Indians, which the first settlers found here were friendly, and imparted to them much valuable information regarding the salt licks, the fords in the river and the haunts of wild game.

It is now generally conceded that the first settler in the township was Richard Hoskins, who came from Wales bringing a famih of four sons and three daughters. Thev reached Franklinton in December. 1805. and in May of the following year started north on the 1 'Id Sandusky Military Road. He settled at the mouth ol Boke's Creek. About the same time, probably in June of that year, Zachariah Stephens settled near Hoskins, and as he was the first to complete his cabin, he has the honor of building the first white man's cabin in the township. In the latter part of November, 1807, an Irish family, of which James Mc- Cune was the head cast in their lot with the little settlement. In August of the next year, another Irishman, Stewart Smith, settled here. In 1809, Jacob North came from the East and settled near the creek; Zachariah Williams and his family settled near by ; and Joseph Shoub, a Pennsylvanian. settled near the mouth of Smith's Run. The same year Philip Horshaw came and built a grist mill where the mill at Warrensburg now stands. In 181 1 Richard and Evans Carr arrived in the township. The latter settled near the present site of the town of Ostrander. In [814, John Sherman came from Kentucky. He was a soldier in the War of 1 812. His son. Vincent Sherman, settled near the Union County line. John Lawrence settled on a farm in 1814. where the villagi Edinburg was later located. The same year, John Cratty came through the woods and settled on a farm near the present site of Os- trander. Andrew Dodds and his family came here March 15, 181 5, from the Derby Plain. They were natives of Pennsylvania. They settled in the Edinburg neighborhood. Polly

Dodds, the wife of Andrew, died soon after they reached here. She was the second one to be interred in the graveyard at Edinburg. Her husband died in 1820.

James Liggett came from Virginia in 1817, and settled in the woods, on land which is now included in the village of Ostrander. He was energetic, intelligent and a publicspirited citizen, who did all in his power to develop the town. In 181 5, Asa Robinson settled near the mouth of Big Mill Creek, and the following year a Kentuckian named William Ramsey settled on Mill Creek. That year, H. G. Smith, a native of Massachusetts, also settled in the township, and Solomon Carr came from Virginia and settled on land that is now a part of the village of Ostrander. George Bean came from Hardy County. Virginia, four years later and joined this little settlement. He was one of the first justices of the peace in the township. The Deans came from Pennsylvania into Ohio before it became a State, and in 1829, they came to the neighborhood of Ostrander, and in the late 'Go's moved into the village. Other settlers who came into the township at a later date were William Loveless, in 1828 from .Maryland, and in [837, \V. G. McFarlin, both of whom settled near White Sulphur Station.' In 1834 a Welshman by the name of J. P. Owen, settled in the township.

Robert Perry and Sarah Hoskins were the first couple married in the township. This important event occurred in 1808. Later in that year Isaac Smart married Margaret Smith. Hugh Stephens, a son of Zachariah Stephens, was the first white child born in Scioto, and James McCune was the second. The first death was that of Zachariah Wil* Hams, who died in [809, ami was the first one buried in the old cemeter) on Boke's Creek. The first postmaster was Harry Riggers, who kept a tavern at what was then known as Riggers Ford, where the covered bridge now crosses the Scioto on the Marvsville Pike.

This was a famous tavern and the second one opened in the township. The first tavern was opened by James Flannigan. John Cratty and David Shoup were the first justices of the peace.

The first village in the township was Fairview, later called Edinburg. and now recognized only by a few- houses in the neighborhood where the Gabriels live, north of Ostrander. It is supposed that this village was laid out and platted soon after Cratty and the Dodds and John Lawrence came into the township, but the record does not show who made the plat or the date when it was recorded. There were twenty-seven lots shown on the plat. Harrison Street, running east and west was to be the principal street ; others running in the same direction were Columbus. Franklin and East Streets. Its beautiful location suggested the first name of the settlement. It was expected that the place would develop into one of importance, ami for a time it had a slow but steady growth. When, however, the railroad was put through the present village of Ostrander, the hopes of the citizens of Edinburg were blasted. The village of Ostrander owes its existence to the building of the railroad through that part of the township. and what was once a bare clay knob now supparts one of the flourishing villages of the county. It is named for the engineer who surveyed the line for the railroad. The town w^as laid out in 1S52 by I. C. Buck, and as originally platted contained 104 lots. The town was incorporated May 18, 1875-. The first Council meeting was held April 5, 1876, at which were present. D. G. Cratty. mayor : W. C. Winget, treasurer; Dr. D. C. Fay, clerk. The members of the Council were T. . Maugans, I. 11. Fields, Samuel Stricklin. G. S. Carr. F. W. Brown and J. B. Roberts. M. C. Bean was the first postn aster. VV. C. Winget was the first merchant. Dr. Erastus Field was the first physician. He came here in [849. William Fry was the first blacksmith, and Samuel Stricklin was the first tavern-keeper.

Ostrander Business Houses - R. B. Shaw. restaurant and meat market; H. T. Kyle, druggist; C. Hannawalt, dry goods and groceries; E. B. Bean, dry good:- and groceries: Robinson Bros., furniture, carpets and undertaking; A. .M. Jacobs, monuments; Shoaf & Anderson, dry goods and groceries; The Ostrander Banking Company; \V. C. Bovey. blacksmith and carriage manufacturer; Fegley Bros., blacksmiths and repair shop ; Albert Huntley, cement blocks and fence posts; Palace Hotel. W. E. Honneter, proprietor; J. C. Maugans, elevator and lumber yard; Manville & Winston, hardware; C. L. V. Liggett, hardware; also two livery barns.

Warrensburg is a small village located on the Sandusky Military Road over which Hoskins and the other pioneer settlers on Boke's Creek passed when they came up the river. It is located two miles north of White Sulphur Station, and was originally and for many years called Millville. It received its present name of Warrensburg when a postoffice was to the establishment of the rural free delivery. the postoffice was discontinued a few years ago. At one time Millville was the largest village in the township, but the building of the railroad so far to the south blighted its prospects of any large development in the future.

The public officials of Scioto Township for the year 1908 are: S. B. Myers, justice of the peace; Charles Cryder and ( leorge Culp, trustees; G. E. Cowles, treasurer; Stanley Mc- Kittrick, clerk; John Stover and Fred Faucett, assessors, and William Harter, constable.

The name of this township was originally Sunbury. The present township is but a small portion of the original township of Sunbury, which was the third township to be created after the organization of Delaware County. It dates back to June 16. 1808. and was originally bounded as follows : Beginning at the northeast corner of Section 2, Township 5 and Range 17, of the United States Military Survey, thence south with said line to the south line of the count)-, thence east with said county line to the east line of said county, thence north with said county line to the Indian boundary line, thence west by said bundary line, to the east line of Marlborough Township, thence south with said line to the southeast corner of said township, thence west to the place of beginning. This immense township included the present townships of Harlem. Trenton. Porter, and half of Berkshire and Genoa in Delaware County, and the following townships in Morrow County : Peru, Bennington, Lincoln and Harmony. On September 1 1 . 1 8 10, Harlem was set oft" from Sunbury, and Kingston followed on June 8, 1813. Three years later Genoa was set oft* from Harlem, and one half of the new township was taken from the original Sunbury. One slice after another was cut off this territory until the present dimensipns of Trenton Township we,e reached, its present name having been given to it sometime in the early *3o's. We quote the following account of the way in which the change of name was brought about: "Messrs. Van Dorn, Leak and Condit, all early settlers and prominent men of the township, were sitting on a log one day talking over general business matters. Finally, the conversation turned upon the question of the village of Sunbury being in Berkshire Township, while their own township bore the name of Sunbury. It was suggested that the name of the latter be changed in order to avoid confusion, a suggestion that was unanimousl) agreed to. Mr. Leak proposed the name 01 Chester - his native town; Mr. Condit wanted it called Orange, but there was an Orange Township in the county already; so Mr. Van Dorn suggested Trenton, for the capitol of his native State - New Jersey. The name was agreed to among themselves and sent to the county commissioners, by whom it was adopted. Thus Sunbury Township became a thing of the past, while its place was filled on the map of Delaware County by Trenton." This township is now bounded on the north by Porter Township; on the east by Licking County; on the south by Harlem and on the west by Berkshire. It is five miles square and contains 16,000 acres of land. The surface of this township, while it is not wholly level, can scarcely be called hilly or broken. Along the water-courses it is a little rough and uneven, while back from the streams it is somewhat rolling, until striking the table-land, when it becomes rather level. Van's Valley, as it is called, is somewhat low. as well as the west central part, while the western and northern portions rise to quite an elevation, and incline to an almost rolling surface. The township is well drained by natural streams. Big Walnut Creek, which is the principal stream, enters the township near the northwest corner, and runs a little west of south to the township line, where it passes out southeast of Sunburv. Rattlesnake Run is the next largest stream. The large number of rattlesnakes that were found in the cliffs and rocks bordering this stream led the early settlers to give it its name. The North Fork enters the township near the center of the east line, and unites with the South Fork in the south central part of the township, thence it flows in a westerly direction and empties into the Big Walnut near the center of the west line of the township. < )ther streams of minor importance are Culver's Run and Perfect's Creek, named for early settlers in the township. These streams empty into the Big Walnut. Dry Run empties into Perfect's Creek and Mink Run flows into Rattlesnake near its mouth. There are many quarries of fine building stone in this township, some of which were opened at an early day. The township was well timbered with the various hardwoods indigenous to this region. William Perfect and Mordecai Thomas were the first settlers in Trenton Township of whom we have any record. They with their families came here in the spring of 1807 from Kentucky. Each purchased a hundred acres of military land from Pearson Spinning, who had a tract of 1,000 acres. At this late date comparatively little that is new can be learned concerning the earliest pioneers of the county, and we have to depend largely upon the researches of earlier historians ; for this reason, we will make use of some of the material contributed by Middleton Perfect to the County Atlas published in 1875. Perfect and Thomas settled near the mouth of the creek that later was named for Mr. Perfect. His death in 1812 was the first in the township. In 1810 another Kentuckian, Bartholomew Anderson, settled on a tract of land east of Perfect's. "Trenton is justly proud of its pioneers. New Jersey furnished skilled tavern-keepers ; the northern part of the township was settled by industrious people from the little Blue State. A colony from Ithaca, New York, settled in the south part, and another from Pennsylvania in the west part. One of the early settlers kept two 'asheries,' and supplied Delaware with salt and window-glass for twelve years." The two latter articles of merchandise were wagoned from Zanesville. Michael Ely and John Culver settled north of what is now Culver's Creek in 1809, and soon after them a single man named John Williamson came into the settlement and purchased land from Ely, whose daughter Rosanna he married in 1810. It is claimed that their son, Madison Williamson, was the first white child born in the township. A man named Pressing, John Ginn and William Kidgway came to the township in 181 1 from the State of Delaware. Other early settlers were James and Owen Hough from Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.

When Gilbert Van Dora came here from New |ersey in 1 S 1 7 , there were only two families living on the road between the Licking County line and the village of Sunbury. He purchased 1,000 acres of land in a beautiful valley, which has ever since been known as "Van's Valley." It is claimed that the tavern which he opened here the next year was the first in the township. He had a gilt sun painted on his sign and underneath it the words, "Center Inn." At first this pioneer tavern was a rude log structure, but as travel increased and his reputation as a Boniface grew, a second cabin was added to the first, and then another and another, until he had lour log cabins connected together for the accommodation of the traveling public. At the end of eleven years he put up a brick "hotel," in front of which he hung the same old sign that had cheered the weary traveled with the prospect of entertainment for so many years. This structure, built in 1829, was the first brick building erected in the township. It would appear that Van Dora was a man of some business ability, for we find that he also kept a kind of grocery store at his tavern, and continued it until 1854. John Leak, who also came from New Jersey, bought land from Van Dora and settled east of the Inn. In 1820 Silas Ogden settled on what was known as the State Road and opened the first tannery in the township.

In 1823 Oliver Gratrax settled in the township. Air. Perfect said, "He wore leather breeches full of stitches, a fawnskin vest ana a coonskin cap." About 1832 or 1833 Jonathan. Alvin P. and Smith Condit came from New Jersey. Jonathan settled on Big Walnut Creek. Alvin settled near him and Smith died about a month after his arrival. Lyman Hendricks came from Rutland, Vermont, and settled in Berkshire in 181 2. but later moved into Trenton. His brother William was a soldier in the War of 1812. The first permanent settler on Rattlesnake Run was a man named Roberts.

to help on its prosperity, making the shipment of timber, stone and livestock an easy matter. As we have already said. Van Dorn kept a kind of store at his tavern, but the first merchant of importance, so far as we can learn, was George Akerson, who established himself in business a little north of Condit. The story of the early mills, schools, and churches will be found in the chapters devoted especially to those subjects.

The history of this subdivision of Delaware Count}- is a township dates back to June 5, 1820. when, on petition of the citizens within its boundaries, it was created by act of the County Commissioners' Court, deriving its name from that of an early United States Government surveyor. It was originally a part of the Virginia Military Lands, and when first constituted included a part of what is now Prospect Township, in Marion County, which was set off by act of Legislature when Morrow- County was organized, February 24, 1848. Scioto River forms the eastern boundary line of the township, in which it is fed by two streams from the west ; Taway Run and Fulton's Creek, both of which take their rise in Union County. The first named takes its name from the Taway Tribe of Indians of the Wyandot Nation, which in early years inhabited its banks. Fulton's Creek was named after a famous hunter of the pioneer days, whose mysterious disappearance and probable violent death was mourned by the settlers, among whom he was very popular, and they united in paying him this tribute.

The first white settler of Thompson Township was Thomas Weaver, who came from Virginia. Leaving his native State in 1808, he arrived at Chillicothe, Ohio, and there falling in with a surveyor who gave glowing accounts of the country in this section, made his way hither in the spring of 1809. He located land on the banks of the Scioto and immediately set abont erecting a cabin and clearing his land. He was followed shortly by Michael Dilsaver, who located in the southeastern part of the township, and from him Dilsaver s Corners and Dilsaver' s Ford took their names. There was then a lapse of 'i number of years before the coming of the next settlers. James Cochran arrived from Pennsylvania in 181 7, and settled on Fulton's Creek, where in 1827 he erected the first gristmill of the township. In 1818 John Swartz and four sons came from Pennsylvania and were the first settlers at what aiterward became known as Pickrell's Mills. The same year witnessed the arrival of Simeon Lindsley and John Hurd, who came from Vermont and settled along the river to the south of John Swartz's cabin. Roswell Fields, a Canadian by birth and a most desirable citizen, arrived at about the same time and built a cabin near Dilsaver's Ford. He had the distinction of building the first frame house in the township and was the first justice of the peace after the organization of Thompson Township. Next came Samuel Broderick and Joseph Russell, the latter arriving late in 1819, from Connecticut; he pushed his way up the Scioto, three miles above Pickrell's. Mills, where he purchased 318 acres of land and built a cabin. All these pioneers were located along the river bank, the interior development being exceedingly backward. It was not until after 1828 that settlers came in any great numbers, and even then the inclination was to locate close to the river.

As before mentioned the first mill was that of Cochran, built in 1827, on Fulton Creek, about a half mile distant from the Scioto. This was followed in 1830 by a saw-mill, erected by Jacob Swartz a short distance below his cabin on the west bank of the Scioto. Roswell Fields soon after acquired the old Cochran grist-mill, which he enlarged and rebuilt, and also erected a saw-mill, both of which were in operation many years. In 1844 J. \V. Cone built a woolen mill which thrived and was in constant operation for thirty years. It was the first mill operated by the power of steam, this modern innovation transpiring in 1868. Sparks from the engine set fire to the plant in 1874. and resulted in its destruction. It was not rebuilt by Mr. Cone, but in 1877 Mr. H. P. Pickrell erected a large modern grist-mill on that site, and it was from him the settlement thereabouts derived its name. Clark Decker, in 1863, erected a small saw-mill in the extreme northeastern part of the township. This was the extent of the early day industrial enterprises of Thompson Township, which has never had what may be termed a village within its limits. Pickrell's Mills, known in early days, successively, as Eagletown and Cone's Mills, was the nearest approach to urban classification, but at best it had but a postoffice, one store and a few homes surrounding the mills. It succeeded Patterson Post Office as a postal station, the latter being a title which lent dignity to an old frame house on the Military Road, north of Fulton Creek, for several years.

The mill now owned and operated by Bruce Charles and generally known as the Simon Charles Mill, was built in 1834 by Roswell Fields, the millwright being Henry Waits, a well known local character in those days, being somewhat unbalanced in mind. By Mr. Fields it passed into the possession of his son, Samuel Fields, who sold it to Simon Charles, from whom, on the latter's death, it passed into the hands of his son Bruce, who has greatly improved the property, fitting it up with modern machinery. Mr. Charles also runs a powerful hydraulic cider-press.

Susanna Cochran, born in 1817, was the first native white child of the township, and the death of Michael Dilsaver was the first death recorded. The marriage of William Travers and Catherine Swartz in 1822 was the first marriage, and with the dance and feast which followed was an occasion long to be remembered by the settlers who had congregated from many miles around. James Crawford taught the first school in the cabin on Fulton Creek. The first brick house was erected by a man named Hoskins, and Thomas Lavender, the first brick mason and the first to burn a kiln of brick, also erected one of the first brick buildings. Dr. Mathlaj Gcrehard was the first practicing physician resident in Thompson. The earliest store was that conducted by Joseph Cox in a house near the Mills. John Detwiler, pioneer tavern keeper, was also a dealer in liquors. It was not until 1869 that a bridge was erected in the township, this being a wooden structure across the Scioto, joining Thompson and Radnor. In 1875 a small covered bridge was constructed across Fulton's Creek. Prior to this time it was necessary for the settlers to lord the stream, the most favorable spot being at what was known as Broad Ford, on the southern boundary line. Jacob Swartz had a large flat boat and a canoe which he used in transporting people across the river, farther up stream.

Thompson Township has the following officials for the year 1908: T. A. Fryman and A. A. Maize, justices of the peace; John Howison and P. H. Perry, trustees; George E. Avers, clerk ; E. M. Decker, treasurer ; J. G. Hill, assessor; Jacob Dilsaver and Fred Kirk, constables; John Davis, ditch supervisor.

Without village, postofnee, store or mill within its limits, has, nevertheless, taken a front rank among the townships of Delaware County, excelling in the standard of its citizenship and the richness of its soil. It was created by an act of the Commissioners' Court, on petition, December 24, 1816, the northern half being set off from Marlborough ami the southern half from Delaware Township. Its geographical lines have remained unchanged since that date.

The Olentangy River, sometimes refered to as the Blue Whetstone, takes a winding course through the length of the township, in which it has as tributaries, from the west. Wild Cat Creek, Norris Creek and Clear Run. and from the east, Horseshoe Branch, thus affording ample natural drainage. The land, where broken by streams, is rolling, but the west part of the township is level. In the early days it was heavily timbered with oak, elm, ash, walnut, hickory and sugar maple, and the banks of the river were so dense with trees and underbrush as to he almost impenetrable. Wheat and other small grains have been the principal production, whilst stockraising has always been carried on to a great extent.

Joseph Cole, one of the earliest settler^ of the township, arrived near Norton, in December. 1808, and shortly after purchased 640 acres of land in the northeast part of what is now Troy Township. He erected thereon a cabin and during the early days of his resilience encountered trials almost insurmountable. Leaving his wife and children in the little cabin in the woods, without protection or safeguards of any kind, he frequently made trips to Zanesville for provisions, or to Franklinton to have his corn ground. He was a man of that vigorous type so essential to the development of any community, and left an imprint on the affairs of the township in his day, which time has not effaced. He was the first justice of the peace, elected in 181 5, and for a period of twenty-one years discharged the duties of that office in a manner to bring peace to litigants, although frequently at his own expense. He erected the first brick In mse of brick burned on his farm. At his cabin the first meetings of the old Marlborough Baptist Church were held in 18 10. He erected a sawmill about the year 1820, and three years later added a grist-mill, both of which were in operation many years. Many of his descendants are today living in the township. His son. Hugh Cole, at the age of sixteen years, began carrying the mail on horseback between Delaware and Mansfield, and continued for four years. It was a task to shake the nerves of an older man. but he acquitted himself with bravery in many stirring adventures, paiticularly in an encounter with two highwaymen in the thick of the forest. David Dix, Sr., came to Troy in 1807, selected a location, and the same fall returned to Pennsylvania to be married. The following spring he returned with bis wife to Delaware County, locating temporarily in Liberty Township. In the fall of that year he hired two men to accompany him to the place he had located and there erected a cabin, into which he moved with his family in the spring of 1809. At that time his (_mly neighbor was Joseph Cole. Among the next arrivals were Levi Hinton and his step-brother, William, the latter being a full brother of Col. Seburn Hinton. the pioneer mill owner of the Mill Creek Settlement i.i Concord Township. They located near the center of Troy Township, as did also their relatives, the Duvals. John Duncan came in 1810 from North Carolina, and Comfort Olds came some time prior to that year but continued his way north to the forks of the Whetstone. Nathan Loath arrived in 1810 and settled "ii land near that of David Dix, Sr., and at about the same time came Fierce Alain, who located in the northeast part of the township. Joseph Curren came from Virginia in 1812, and two years later sold his cabin and farm to James Norris, Sr. The latter had come fr«nn Portsmouth, Ohio, to Worthington, in [81 1, and when Harrison's army marched north to the relief of Fort Meigs, his patriotism led him to join it. Upon leaving the army he rejoined his family at Worthington and in [814 made his way to Troy Township. Among his children was a son William, then eleven rears old, who afterward became associate judge of Common Pleas Court and a man of considerable prominence in the county. Another son, James Norris, Jr., a small child at the time of arrival, in later years improvised a small grist-mill, the grinding stones being made of "nigger heads," and the power being furnished by a team of horses hitched to a lexer which was attached to the upper stone. It was a unique affair, but in the absence of mills near at hand, served its purpose very well. Eleazar Main, early in [813, came to Delaware, where he joined Harrison's Army 111 the relief of Fort Meigs, after which he returned and lived at the home of Joseph Cole for a time. He then purchased a farm of his own and built a cabin, which he replaced in 1 S_'4 with a brick house, made from brick manufactured on the farm of his father-inlaw, Mr. Cole. lie was the first of seven brothers to take up his resilience in the township, being followed August 10, 181 5, by Sabeers and Timothy. Lyman and Thomas Main came next, less than a year later, being accompanied by mother and sisters, and some time afterward. Jonas and John Main moved in. This has been a family long prominent in the township, and its representatives are more numerous now than in the early days. Benjamin Martin, the second minister of the old Marlborough Baptist Church and the first resident minister, came to Troy Township in 1815. settling on the farm now occupied by a grandson, Nehemiab Martin. He was a soldier of the War of 1812, having been drafted into the service immediately after his arrival at Deer Creek, Ross County, Ohio, from Virginia. He had no opportunity to prepare a home for his family, and his household goods were still in the wagon in which they had made the journey. Fortunately, he had an uncle at Deer Creek who looked after Mrs. Martin, and upon his return from the front' he found them comfortably ensconced in a log cabin, which had previously done service as a barn. He was the father of fifteen children, and at the present time a number of his descendants reside in Troy and adjoining townships. Samuel Wells, also a soldier of the War of 181 J. came in 181 1, Henry Cline in 1815. Thomas Gill in 1816, and Henry Worlin=, Jeremiah Williams and George Hunt were among others who arrived prior to the organization of Troy Township. Samuel Gilpin settled on the Horseshoe at this time, David Carter, a stonemason by trade, came in 181 7, and thereafter rapid strides were made in the settlement of the township, among the notable arrivals being the families of Crawfords, Eagons, Moses, Bushes, Darsts, Jacksons, Cozarts, Willeys and Bishops.

Miss Electa Wilcox taught the first school in Troy Township in 1814, in a log cabin on the farm of Joseph Cole, and several years later the first school house, of the log pattern, was erected. The first mill, as before mentioned, was that of Joseph Cole. In 1832 Lyman Main built .1 saw mill on Plorseshoe Creek, and several years later his brother. Timothy, erected one on the same creek, on the boundary line of Oxford Township. A small Still was operated in the early days by David Bush, but its life was of short duration. Robert Cole, horn February 8, iNio, was the first white child born in the township, and the first death recorded was that of Rebecca Roath, wife of Nathan, who died in 1810. The only postofnee was in the home of Joseph , and that but a short time.

The officials of Troy Township for 1908, as reported to the county auditor, are as follows : Levi Bishop and James E. Carter, justices of the peace; F. A. Willis, William Ziegler and James M. Worline, trustees: A. D. Alain, clerk; John H. Schaffner, treasurer; H. J. Strait, assessor; H. B. Alain and L. E. Freshwater, constables; Ben Roberts, ditch supervisor.

Sidney Moore

IDXEY MOORE, who was for nearly sixty years connected with the hanking interests of Delaware County, fi ir the last twenty-four years of that time up to his death in 1907 being president of the Delaware County National Bank, was born in what is now the city of Delaware, December 16, 1821. His parents were Sidney and Phoebe (Mann) Moore, both natives of Vermont, who came to Delaware County from the vicinity of Brattleboro, that State, in pioneer fashion, but previous to their marriage. Sidney Moore being the first arrival. He was born March 16, 1788, and was a yi mng man when he thiis set out to better his fortunes in what was then the far west. In his native State he had been closely identified with military affairs, having served as ensign, lieutenant, and captain in the First Regiment of Vermont militia. In Ohio he was subsequently commissioned as lieutenant-colonel and as brigadier-general, in later life being usually known as General Moore. In Delaware County he held civil office as sheriff, recorder and auditor successively, always performing his public duties to the satisfaction of his fellow citizens.

His wife Phoebe, who was born near Brattleboro. Vermont, January 3, 171)5. an(l who was therefore nearly seven years his junior, came to Delaware County with her parents, they settling in the vicinitv of Westfield. By her marriage with Mr. Moore she became the mother of three children, namely : Emily, Sidney, and William. Emily, who was born in Delaware. February 8, 1819, became the wife of Stephen Stone and accompanied her husband to Nebraska, where she died. William, born May 2, 1835, in Delaware, i> still a resident of this place, having always made his home here. Sidney Moore, the elder,father of the above mentioned children, died at the age of about seventy-eight years. His wife long survived him. passing away in December, 1887, when lacking but fifteen days of being ninety-three years old. They were worthy and much respected people, who well performed their part in life, and whose children were living testimonials to a careful upbringing.

Sidney Moore, Jr.. the direct subject of this sketch, was born in the family residence on the northeast corner of Sandusky and Winter Streets, the site of the house being nowoccupied by Smith's Clothing store. He began his education in the local schools and continued it in the Academy until he had mastered the essentials of a sound English training. Even at this early day he had a keen appreciation of the value of time, and applied himself closely to his studies, as he did later throughout his life, to his business duties. He early felt attracted towards hanking as a congenial sphere of activity, and having acquired a knowledge of bookkeeping, he sought and found employment with banking institutions, in addition to his local connections, being employed for some three years in hanks in Marion. Ohio, and Indianapolis. Indiana. The greater part of his business career, how- ever, was spent in his native city. He became teller and bookkeeper for the Delaware County branch of the State Bank of Ohio, which began business in 1845, a°d later became its cashier. He was made cashier of the Delaware County National Bank, January 13, 1865, and continued in that capacity until January 8. 1883, at which time he was elected president of the bank, a position that he held for the rest of his life.

Air. Moore began his business career on a salary of $200 per year. In" those days business was conducted upon very conservative lines, and promotion was slow ; but he possessed in large measure the qualities that compel success, and having chosen fur his goal an honorable position in the business world, he pressed forward with determination and never looked back until he had attained it, and was recognized by his fellow townsmen as one of the leading factors in the business life and prosperity of Delaware. He was for sixty-two years identified with the Delaware County Bank, with the exception of the three years in .Marion and Indianapolis above referred to, and after he had demonstrated his capacity, and had been elected president of the institution, his advice was eagerly sought by many of the men who had then or have since attained prominence in the business life of the community. Not a few of them today attribute their success to his wise counsel or ready help, which was never withheld from those worthy of it. He seldom mistook his man. being a quick reader of character, and to have obtained his assistance was in itself almost a certificate of capacity and integrity. In matters aside from business, hut connected with the moral and material development of his native city, his name was for main- years a synonym for charily, philanthropy and benevolence. Among his many charitable deeds may he mentioned his donation of the Home Yued People, located on East William Street. Delaware.

Mr. Moore was a prominent Free Mason, belonging to Hiram Lodge, No. iN. of Delaware, and having attained the Thirty-third degree in the < >rder. As a token of his hiefh regard for the Order he donated to it the splendid Temple on West William Street, which is as well an ornament to the city as an evidence of the liberal spirit and devotion of the donor. In politics he was a Republican, but never sought public office. It was Mr. Moore's character to be thorough and concentrated. He held that it was better to do one thing thoroughly and well than to dissipate one's energies in seeking to attain too many different objects, and the wisdom of this policy was exemplified in his own life.

Mr. Moore was twice married: First, about 1 85 1 , to Miss Millie Stark, who lived but a few years. His second marriage was to Mrs. Sarah A. Bierce. widow of Alonzo Bierce. and daughter of John and Margery (Chain) Cunningham. Mrs. Moore was horn in Columbiana County. Ohio, in 1828, and when an infant about a year old, came with her parents to Delaware Count}-, they settling in Brown Township, where Mr. Cunningham purchased and improved a farm, and where he and his wife resided until reaching an advanced age, when they removed to Delaware. Mr. Cunningham was born in Columbiana County in 1801. and died in the city of Delaware in 1858. His wife Margery, Mi's. Moore's mother, was born in Columbiana County in 1802. and died October 3. [854. They were the parents of four children: Margery, who became the wife of James Harriott : Eliza, wife of John Hill: Sarah, who married Sidney Moore, subject of this sketch: and Jackson, who is now a resident of Delaware. The two last mentioned are the only members of the family now living. Mrs. Moore's grandfathers, Hugh Cunningham and Hugh Chain, were pioneer settlers in Columbiana County. By her marriage with Mr. Moore she had no children hut by her first husband she was the mother of two sons, namely : John Bierce. who died at the age of eighteen years, and Arthur \Y. Bierce. who is now a resident of Delaware.

Mr. Moore died May 27. 1907, in his residence on North Sandusky Street, which he hail erected in [868. His funeral servicewere conducted with the impressive rites of the Masonic Order, of which he was so devoted a member, and his remains were laid to rest in Oak Grove Cemetery. His departure was not only a severe blow to his devoted wife, who had sustained his hopes and shared his triumphs through so many years, hut was also felt as a sad loss to the community at large, who realized that a strong man in character and achievement, and a sterling citizen, had gone from among them.

LIVER PERRY BIRD, of the firm of Bird, Richey & Christian, proprietors of the White Sulphur Stone Company, of Scioto Township, is one of the enterprising and successful men of this section. He was born in Leesburg Township, Union County, Ohio, Aug. jo, 1867, and is a son of Abner Johnson and Catherine ( Newhouse) Bird.

The Birds came to Ohio from Pennsylvania, where John Bird, the grandfather was born January 10, 1801. When the latter had reached manhood he accompanied his father, Sylvester Bird, to Knox County, Ohio. He married Keziah Johnson, who was born November 23, 1 80 1, and who was a daughter of Abner and Alary (Lee) Johnson, the latter of whom was a member of the distinguished Lee family of Virginia. To John Bird and wife were horn eight children, Abner Johnson being the second in order of birth.

Abner Johnson Bird was born in Knox County, Ohio. March 9, 1827, and resided there until shortly before his marriage, on January 5. 1855. t< 1 Catherine Newhouse, who was a daughter of William Xew-house. She died January 5. 1885. Mr. Bird moved from I 'elaware Count)-, where Mrs. Bird was born, to Iowa, and while there one daughter was born, Mary, who is now the wife of J. W. Jacks, in. During the Civil war, Mr. Bird's family lived in Morrow County, Ohio, he being absent for three years, serving- as a soldier in the Eighty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After the war the family moved to Union Count}-, where Oliver Perry was born, and in 1868 Mr. Bird moved to Scioto T n ship, Delaware County. For a number of years he was a deacon in the old stone Presbyterian Church of South Radnor.

Oliver Perry Bird was educated in the schools of Scioto Township and the Delaware Business College. He then spent a year in Texas, after which he was employed for three years with the Northern Pacific Railroad at Jamestown, North Dakota. In 1892, he returned to Delaware County and was engaged in farming in Concord Township until 1902, when he came into possession of the old homestead, a well-improved farm of sixty-three acres, where he carries on general farming and stock raising. In 1904, Mr. Bird formed a partnership with James Richey. under the firm name of Bird & Richey, for the business of operating two stone quarries in Concord Township, and in 1906, with the admission of Mr. Christian, the firm acquired eighty acres of quarry land where a large business is done in crushed stone. The firm gives employment to twenty-five men and has the contract for filling- twenty miles of county turnpikes.

September 23, 1886, Mr. Bird married Harriet J. Hughs, who is a daughter of Joseph E. Hughs, a resident of Concord Township, and they have four children, namely : Catherine, who married John Richey, of Warrensburg, and has two children - Naomi and Jo K.; and Marie. Mary Marsena and Lucy Trove. The family belong to the old stone Presbyterian Church of South Radnor.

Up to 1896 Mr. Bird was identified with the Republican party, but has since been an independent voter. He has been frequently elected to office by his fellow-citizens. For four years he served as township clerk, in Concord Township, for three years has been clerk 1 1 i the School Board of Scioto Township, has been a delegate to many conventions, and has always taken an active part and done useful work in public emergencies. In 1900 he compiled a very complete map of Delaware County. Formerly a member of Hiram Lodge, F. & A. M.. at Delaware he was demitte Ostrander, and has never lost his interest in Free Masonry. He belongs to Bellpoint

PERRY WINTERMUTE, who, for a quarter of a century was a successful business man and valued citizen of Delaware, was born near Zanesville. Ohio, December 15. 1832, and died at Delaware, January 31, 1008. Mr. Wintermute came to Delaware in [882 and embarked in a hardware business and from that date until within a few years of his death was an active business man of this city. He was a loyal and patriotic citizen and during the Civil war he served in the Federal army as a member of the One Hundred and Fortyfourth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Fi r fourteen years he was adjutant of the George B. Torrence Post, Grand Army of the Republic, at Delaware.

In 1858, Mr. Wintermute was married at Zanesville, Ohio, to Ettie A. Buckmaster, who survives him. They had four children, namely: Nina W., now Mrs. J. T. Skidmore, res ling at Chillicothe, Missouri; Pearl W., now Mrs. Rae D. Henkle, residing at Cleveland; Dr. R. C. and Willie E., both of whom arc now deceased.

From boyhood, Mr. Wintermute had been a member of the Baptist Communion, and for a space of twenty years he was a deacon in the First Baptist Church at Delaware. He was ever liberal with his means in behalf of charitable and benevolent purposes, both in and outthe church, and the poor and needy always found in him a friend. Mr. Wintermute was one of the oldest Free Masons in Ohio, the date of his admission to the fraternity being 1857. He loyally kept his pledges and was widely known in the organization and when he died lie was laid to rest with Masonic rs. Me was a man of strong convictions never feared to follow a path he deemed it, sometimes in the face of opposition. This was particularly so when he assisted in the organization of the strong anti-saloon soknown as The Sons of Temperance.

1ORGE P. MILLS, who makes a speciality of stock-raising on his farm ^ I of 280 acres, which is situated in Scioto Township, was born in Genoa Township, Delaware County, Ohio, April 15, 1838, that being Easter Sunday. His parents, Pierson and Elizabeth (Crampton) Mills, came to Ohio in 1836, from the vicinity of Patterson, Putnam County, New- York, bringing with them their older children. The father was a blacksmith by trade and also engaged in farming. In 1838 he settled on a farm in Radnor Township, Delaware Count}', on which he lived until 1846, when he moved to Thompson Township, where he engaged in work at his trade until 1853. He then retired to Radnor Village, where he died in August, 1874. He married Elizabeth Crampton, and the}- were the parents of thirteen children, the survivors of the family being as follows: Esther, who resides at Delaware; George P.; Nancy, who married Levi Bechtel, resides at Bellefontaine, Ohio ; Rosanna, who is the widow of Hugh Stevens, and lives at Troy, Ohio. Of those now deceased : Hannah was the wife of John J. Flemming, of Prospect. Ohio: William lived at Glenwood, Iowa; Sarah was the wife of Edward Covill ; and Maria Theresa was the wife of Alfred Rodman. Both parents were exemplary members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The father was a local preacher during his residence in Radnor Township, and he was accustomed to cover the Delphi Circuit on horseback.

George P. Mills went to school through boyhood in a log structure in the neighborhood of his home, and afterward taught school for several winters, rirst in Marion Ci lunty, Ohio, and later in Jones County, Iowa, lie remained in Iowa from i860 until 1863, when he went to Montana, where he worked in the gold mines more or less continuously until 1866, when he returned to Radnor 'Township, Delaware County, Ohio. There he followed farming for ten years, after which he came to Scioto Township. In 1883, he bought the Freshwater farm which contains 280 acres, and on this large extent of land he is engaged in farming and stock-raising. His land is well adapted to growing corn, oats and hay, and to stock-raising. At the present writing he has in his fields and pastures, thirty polled Durham cattle, 220 Delaine sheep, and many head of hogs.

On August 17, 1868, Mr. Mills was married to Isadore E. Hammond, who is a daughter of Noah and Jane Hammond. Mrs. Mills was born in Licking County, Ohio, August 14. 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Mills have seven children, as follows : Maude, who is a teacher in the public schools of Ostrander ; Mary, wb resides at Delaware, engaged in the practice of dentistry; Mark P.; George P.. Jr.. who resides in MiH Creek Township, Union County, Ohio; Hattie. who' married Harlan Gordon, resides at Marion, Ohio: and Edward, who lives at Lamoure, North Dakota.

Mr. Mills is not identified with either of the great political parties. His father was a Democrat, but for a number of years he has cast his vote for all candidates according as they appealed to his sense of fitness for office. He has frequently served his fellow-citizens in responsible township positions, having always taken an active interest in promoting the best interests of his community. For seven years he assumed the responsibilities and duties of township trustee and for some twenty years has served on . the School Board. He is one of the township's substantial citizens and representative men. The family residence, which was erected in 1870, is constructed of bricks, and is finished in its interim' entirely with black walnut, from trees grown on the place.

HERMAN REIT), a prominent representative of the business interests of Delaware, until recently engaged in the wholesale and retail grocery line. "ii North Sandusky Street, was born in 1 867. in Union County, Ohio, where he was reared, and educated, ami first entered into business as a grocery clerk.

Mr. Reid came to Delaware when about twenty years of age, and for two years was a clerk in a grocery store. He then embarked in the same line, in partnership with ex- Postmaster L. Potter, the firm name being Potter & Reid, which continued for fourteen years. After Mr. Potter retired from business in order to enter the political field, Mr. Reid continued the business alone, handling a large trade both retail and wholesale, and having traveling representatives. He has recently retired from the grocery business, having sold his interests to the Kirchner Brothers, and is about to engage in other business. He is interested also in real estate at Delaware, Columbus, Marion, and other points, and in addition to these interests, he is a director of the Standard Novelty Company, the Mahoning Oil Company, and other enterprises.

In 1888, Mr. Reid was married to Emma Burns, of Union County, and they have five children, namely: Lelia Pauline. George Clifford, Percival B., Frederick Sherman, and Richard Everett. Mr. Reid and family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church and he is a member of its Board of Trustees. His fraternal relations are with the Knights of Pythias and the Sons of Veterans. Mr. Reid takes a good citizen's interest in civic matters and has served on the City Council.

CLASON REID, who is engaged in farming and stock-raising on his valuable estate of fifty-two acres, in Troy Township, makes a specialty of the fancy poultry industry, conducting, in partnership with his brother, Charles C. Reid, the Olentangy Poultry Yards. He was born in Delaware,, Ohio, October 13, 1869. and is a son of Hon. William P. and Emmaletta (Chamberlain) Reid. The late Hon. William P. Reid was a native of Ashley. Ohio. Fur many years he was a prominent citizen of Delaware County, serving in the State Legislature and gaining great reputation at home as a criminal lawyer. His death took place in 1X79. The surviving members of his family are: M. Clason, whose name appear- at the head of this article; William ['.. residing at Toledo; Charles C, residing at Delaware; and Isabel, who married Prof. Edwin C. Woolley. The latter fills the

M. Clason Reid was educated in the common and high schools at Delaware, where he continued to live until the fall of 1906, when he came to his present farm in Troy Township. He made a scientific study of the business in which he is engaged and has proved the practical value of the modern methods he employs. His farm has been stocked with only registered cattle, hogs and poultry, the value of which could be expressed only in large figures. The Reid Brothers are raising Red Polled cattle, Duroc Red hogs, Bourbon Red turkeys and Rhode Island Red chickens, finding a good and ready market for all they can produce. The industry is a growing one and the prospects of the firm are very bright.

( )n October 29, 1903, Mr. Reid was married t<> Mary Kraus, who was born in Delaware, and who is a daughter of George and Helena Kraus. Mr. Reid is a member of St. Peter's Episcopal Church at Delaware, while his wife belongs to St. Mary's Catholic Church. Following in the footsteps of his late father. Mr. Reid is a stanch Democrat, and like him, he is also a man of public spirit, lie belongs to the order of Eagles, at Delaware, and tn the Olentangy Lodge, of Odd Fellows, No. 53. in which he has passed all the chairs, lie is one of Troy Township's most enterprising and progressive citizens.

OBERT J. COX. formerly postmaster liir five years at Delaware, where he lias lived somewhat retired fur a number of years, was born in 1837, in a house on the city lol that is now the -ite 'if his present dwelling, it then being a pari of his father's farm. He is the only child horn to his parents, Thomas W. and Ann I'. (Jones) Cox, the latter of whom was a sister of Judge Jones. The father of Mr. Cox was burn in Warwickshire, England, and came t" Delaware County, Ohio, and engaged in farming. Both he and wife died at Delaware, where he had followed his trade of In nisi.- painting, fur some years.

Robert J. Cox was reared in Delaware Count}-, and assisted in the management of the home farm, also learning the painter's trade. In 1862, he enlisted in Company C. Eightysixth Regiment O. Y. I. He was mustered into the service at Columbus, served eighteen monts in Virginia, and in 1864 was mustered out, returning to Delaware and resuming work as a painter. For five years, during the administration of President McKinley, he served as postmaster of this city and has held other public offices. He has been a very active member of the Republican party, and for ten years was chairman of the Republican County committee, of which he was a member for eighteen years. He is a director in the Fidelity Building and Loan Association and has other business interests. As commander of George B. Torrence Post, No. 60, Grand Army of the Republic, at Delaware, Mr. Cox is widely known in Grand Army circles through the State. He is also prominent in Masonry, being a member of the Blue Lodge. Chapter and Council at Delaware, of the Commandery at Marion, and of Aladdin Temple, Mvstic Shrine, at Columbus.

llu.\l AS S. JONES, general farmer, of Scioto Township, owns a highly cultivated farm of fifty acres anil is one of the representative citizens of this section. He was horn in Concord Township, Delaware County, Ohio. October 30, 1875, and is a sun of Perry j. and Ellen Jane (Murfield) Jones.

Perry J. Jones, father of Thomas S.. was also a native of Scioto Township, where he died September 13. 1900, aged fifty-one years. He continued to farm the old homestead until 1880. when he moved to the farm now owned by his son, Thomas S. He was a Democrat, but took no very active part in politics. He married a daughter of George Murfield, who was a substantial farmer of Concord Township. Of their eight children, seven reached maturity, namely: Thomas S. ; Harrison W., residing at Ostrander; Susan, who married William Holly, of Liberty

Township; William, residing in Scioto Township; Ernest, residing at Ostrander; Lena, who married Eram Hall, of Liberty Township; and Myrtle M., who married Henry Stawser, of Concord Township. Some years after the death of her first husband. .Mrs. Jones married Thomas Harris and they reside in Paulding County, Ohio. She is a member of the United Brethren Church. The Jones family is of Welsh extraction and the grandfather of Thomas S. Jones came to Delaware County from Pennsylvania. In his early years he followed shoemaking, but he was a man of such excellent business qualifications that he soon enlarged his interests and in the course of time became one of the most extensive buyers of stock in this section. He married Laand Stottlemyer, and he died at Bellpoint about 1884.

Thomas S. Jones was educated in the schools at Bellpoint and White Sulphur, and remained on the home farm until his marriage. He then engaged in farming in Crawford County, and so continued until 1905, when he purchased the home farm anil has continued its cultivation ever since. He raises all the leading cereals but makes corn his main crop, and he keeps about fort}' head of hogs, twenty of sheep and five of cattle, doing a safe and satisfactory business. On October 4, 1 goo. Air. Jones was married to Lottie Hazlett, who was reared in Crawford County, and who is a daughter of Mason Hazlett, of Scioto Township. They have had four children, the survivors bearing the names respectively of Ardice Marie, and Mary Florence. The two deceased were Bertha Elizabeth and Ruth Arline. Air. and Mrs. Jones are members of the United Brethren Church at Ostrander, and the former is a stanch Republican in politics.

son of William W. and Martha (Harris) Ulrev. On the paternal side he is of German ancestry. When a young man he learned the carpenter's trade under his father, and worked at it with him for several years. In 1882 he came to Delaware, where his brother William was established in business as a photographer. This business he learned under his brother's direction and remained with his brother until 1885. at which time he gave up photograph} on account of his health.

He then went to work in a box fact' m\ and in 1895 purchased his present business, which had been established in the early 8o's by John Bradbeer. His factory turns out about 500 boxes per day, and he supplies nearly all the cigar factories in Delaware, his trade also extending to other parts of the State. He keeps from six to seven hands constantly employed.

Mr. Ulrey has attained his present position as a prosperous manufacturer by his own energy and thrift and by an intelligent grasp of his opportunities. The elements of success or of failure are inherent in every man's character, and Mr. Ulrey has shown unmistakeably that he is not to be counted among the failures. He is a prominent member of the Knights of Pythias, serving three years as captain of the Uniformed Rank, and has been recently elected for another year. He also belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters, of the local lodge <>f which he is a charter member.

Mr. Ulrey married Josephine, daughter of Jacob Koch, of Adelphi, Ohio, and has one son - Howard Stanley. The family are prominent members of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Ulrey being librarian of the Sunday school and leader of the orchestra. He possesses considerable musical ability, especially as an executant upon various brass instruments. He served nine months as cornet player in the Seventh United States Cavalry, enlisting in the spring of 1882. and being discharged at the end of the time mentioned on account of ill health. Air. Ulrey's industrial achievements are an integral factor in the business life of Delaware, and as such are worthy of prominent mention by the local historian.

ILLIAM C. BOVEY, notary public at Ostrander and a leading citizen, engaged in the carriage and wagon manufacturing industry, was born at Plain City, Ohio, May 2, 1859. and is a son of Emanual and Annie ( Winget) Bovey.

The father of Air. Bovey was horn in Maryland and died in Alabama in 1899. He learned the trade of carriage-maker in his own State and followed it there and for a short time at Newark, Ohio, to which city he came prior to his marriage, which later took place at Ostrander. He then moved to Delaware and a few years later to Plain City, and in [889 to Athens, Alabama. He owned 160 acres of land in that vicinity and followed farming together with work at his trade until his death. He was a Democrat in his political views. He married Annie, a daughter of Ezra W'inget, of Ostrander, Ohio, and five of their children reached mature age, namely : Mary, now deceased, who married Walter Morrison, also now deceased; William C, \\ hi ise name appears at the head of this article; C. L. V. Bovey. who resides at Warrensburg, Ohio; Emma, who married James W. McKittrick. of Ostrander; and Martin, who is deceased. The parents of the above mentioned family were worthy Christian people, the father being a member of the German Baptist Church and the mother the Presbyterian Church.

William C. Bovey was educated in the public schools of Ostrander. He learned the trade of carriage and wagon-making with his father, and also learned blacksmithing, later acquiring a practical knowledge of carriage painting. Thus he is competent to do any kind of work required in his manufactory, being able to construct, himself, every part of a vehicle and turn out a finished product. He probably has no equal in the county in this respect. When his father left < Istrander in r88o, he embarked in a general store business, which he continued for two years and then opened his present establishment, a commodious, well-arranged business house, which Mr. I'.. vej has occupied ever since. I lis ground floor is mainly taken up with stock and his paint shop is on the second floor. He builds wagons and carriages to order and does repair work, having the larger part of the custom from the surrounding territory.

Mr. Bovey was married first to Nellie Rowland, a daughter of John Rowland, of Radnor Township, and they had three children - Annie, who married Lewis Howison, of Bellpoint ; Ernest, who resides at Plain City ; and Ethel, who married Raleigh Willis, residing in Liberty Township. Mr. Bovey was married secondly to Clementine Carrier, a daughter of Joseph Carrier, of Ridgeville, Indiana, and they have the following children : Chloie, Frances C, Hazel Eldora, Dale, Carlyle, and Mary Ivadel. Mr. and Mrs. Bovey are members of the Presbyterian Church, of which he has been a trustee for nine years. He is very active in Sunday-school and philanthropic work.

Mr. Bovey is a leading Democrat of Delaware County, and a very influential factor in the public affairs of Scioto Township. He served as township clerk for eight years, for four years was clerk of the corporation of Ostrander, and for four years has been a notary public. Fraternally, he belongs to Ostrander Lodge, No. 348 Knights of Pythias, and both he and wife belong to the auxiliary order of Pythian Sisters, in which Mrs. Bovey has held the office of mistress of finance.

ffl FTER J. SCHAAF. proprietor of the «pjj Brookside Farm, a successful breeder of Percheron horses and a leading agriculturist of Troy Township, resides on his valuable farm of almost 1 01 1 acres, which was the scene of his birth. July jo, 1854.

Ilis parents, Peter J. and Jacbbina D. (Wagner) Schaaf, were both born in < iermany. The father was brought to America by bis parents when he was seven years of age. and was reared in Marion County, Ohio. Following his marriage be came to Troy Township and settled on the farm which his son and namesake, Peter J., now owns, and here he died in December. 1880. His wife, Jacobina, was eleven years old when her parents came to America, they settling on the farm in Delaware County on which she and her husband resided after their marriage. Her father, John Wagner, was a well-known pioneer. The surviving children of Peter J. and Jacobina D. Schaaf are: Anna, who married Peter Weisman, residing in Paulding County; Peter J., subject of this sketch, residing in Troy Township ; Rev. John C, pastor of the Reformed Church at Canfield, Ohio; Flora E., who married C. X. Cole, residing at Providence, Rhode Island; Edward YV., a resident of Denver, Colorado ; Ella F., who married A. P. Rodefer, residing in Troy Township; and Annetta L., who married George Romoser, and resides at Cardington, Ohio. The mother of the above mentioned family died in June, 1904. The father was a man of prominence in the Reformed > Church and also in the public affairs of the township. Of him it could be truly said that his word was as good as his bond.

Peter J. Schaaf, Jr.. was reared in Troy Township, which has always been his home. Many members of the family have established themselves in far-away sections, but he has found sufficiently favorable opportunities in the section in which he was born. For a quarter of a century he has been engaged in breeding registered Percheron horses, and the aninals turned out from Brookside Farm, have been noted for their good form and fine points, according to established standards.

Mr. Schaaf was first married to Rosa Martin, who was a daughter or Rev. Benjamin Martin, of Ashley, Ohio. She died leaving one daughter, Carrie R., who was educated in the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, and is a popular and successful teacher in the public schools. Mr. Schaaf married secondly Mrs. Helen Strawhacker, who was the widow of George Strawhacker, formerly of Medina County, and a daughter of Michael Gruninger. Mr. Schaaf is a member of the Reformed Church and a liberal contributor to its support, attending services at Waldo, Ohio. In politics he is a Democrat.

*ED PALMER HILLS, cashier of the Delaware Savings Bank Company, and president of the First National Bank of Cardington, Ohio, was born October 4, 1851. He comes of old colonial stock, being a descendant in the eighth generation of William Hills, who arrived in Boston, Massachusetts, on the ship "Lyon" from England, in September, 1632. He probably died at Hartford, Connecticut, in 1683. He was married three times. His first wife, from whom the subject of this sketch is descended, was Phillis, daughter of Richard and Sarah (Osborne) Lyman, who emigrated from High Onger, Essex County, England, in 1631.

The next in the present line of descent was William, second, who was born in Hartford, Connecticut, about 1646, and who was buried at Hartford, August 15, 1693.

The third generation in the line to the subject of this sketch, was represented by Joseph, who was born in East Hartford, Connecticut, in 1683, and who died at Farmington, Connecticut. April 29, 1 75 1. He married Abigail Noyes, who died September 2^, 175 1.

Joseph and Abigail were the parents of David (fourth generation), who was born in Farmington, September 15, 1716. He married a widow, Mrs. Anna Hart, who was ,1 daughter of Zebulon Deming, the date of the marriage being August 28, 17 - . She died October 30, 1804. He died after June, 1790.

Amos, son of David and Anna Hills, is the fifth link in our genealogical chain. He was born in 1745, and died at Farmington, Connecticut, April 9, 1813. He married, in 1773. Rachel Lewis of Middletown, who was born in August, 1750. and died October 4. 1818.

Descending another generation, we come to James Harvey (son of Amos), and grandfather of Fred P. Hills, who was born i.i Farmington. Connecticut, March 8, 1782. He was educated at Yale College, and was a graduate in medicine, which he made his profession. He removed to Darby Plains, Ohio, and thence to Worthington, coming to Delaware in 1822. At one time he was part owner of what is now the Ohio State Journal. In 181 2 he marched with General Harrison to

Fort Defiance. Here he was taken sick, and his wife rode ioo miles through the trackless forests to care for him, an instance of courage and endurance by no means uncommon among the women of pioneer days. Dr. Hills resided in Delaware from 1822 until his death, which occurred from milk fever, November 30, 1830. An estimate of his ability as a medical practitioner may be found in the chapter on the "Medical Profession," in this volume. He was a member of Hiram Lodge, No. 18, F. & A. M., of Delaware. He married, in September, 1801. Beulah Andrews, who was born April (>. [784, and died June 22, [866. They were the parents of eleven children.

Chauncey Hills, eighth son and child of Dr. James H. and Beulah Hills, and father of the subject of this sketch, was born at Worthington, Ohio, October 7, 1816. He was quite young when the family came to Delaware, and he was but fourteen when his father died. He began at once, not only to be self-supporting, but also to help his mother, in spite of his youth, finding employment in teaching school. At the close of the session he found work in a printing office in Marion. Afterwards he endeavored to apprentice himself to a saddler in Delaware, but a conflict arose at to who was to select the suit of clothes to be included in the compensation, and the engagement was not made. Mr. Hills diil not propose, boy though he was, that anyone but himself should select his clothes. The positive tastes and views of the boy were apparent in the man. and were a potent factor in his long and successful career. He was modest, unassuming, and courteous, and Delaware never had a more highly esteemed citizen. A period of work in a store was followed by study for the bar. but being offered a position in the leading general store of Delaware, be accepted, and his share of profits for the first year was $3,000. the beginning of his business success, and for more than forty years his name was identified with the dry-goods trade of Delaware.

clear crystal water located upon it. An incident published in the atlas of the county, in 1875. and which was given by Elam Vining, who lived to be upward of ninety, and who was told the story by one of the rescuing party, lends interest to this spot.

"The Delaware and other tribes sent war parties into Pennsylvania to depredate, destroy and to take prisoners. One party was followed by a band of rescuers. They separated, and the Delawares came to their river camps. This party had a young white girl in captivity, and was traced by the pursuing party, among whom were two brothers of the prisoner, through Bowtown, and through the villages. all of which were deserted. The light of a fire glimmering to the north, directed their steps to an assembly of the Indians engaged in a war-dance. The maiden was seen fastened to a stake near a fire. It was early evening, and instant assault was ordered. A volley from the whites killed one savage, wounded others, and put the rest to instant flight. The girl was released and the party returned home in triumph. The spot which is of interest for this rescue, is known as the Crystal Spring Farm, on Clear Run, Troy Township." The exact spot was at the spring.

The diversion which the farm afforded undoubtedly added health and strength and years to Mr. Hills' life. In 1862 he moved from the city to the farm, and remained there 12 years, one of the happiest periods of bis life. The land is limestone, situated in a fine gentle, rolling country, with magnificent groves of oaks and maples and other native trees, and pastures of rich blue grass.

Here, in 1854, was laid the foundation of his shorthorn herd, when the fine young bull, Master Miller 693. and the beautiful young Rose of Sharon heifer. Fanny Fern, by Prince Charles the Second 32113, were purchased of the Messrs. Renick. At this time and for six years thereafter, the late T. C. Jones, his brother-in-law, was associated with Mr. Hills, the firm being Hills & Jones. In 1862 the herd was divided. Mr. Hills also experimented with various breeds of sheep, but the Shropshires, of which be made many importa- tions, were his favorites. His success as a breeder of shorthorns was well attested many years ago by the choice of numbers of his herd for export to Great Britain, where they graced the pastures of Lord Dunmore, at Stirling-, and produced descendants that were most successful in the show -ring. Two animals wnich Mr. Hills bred, were shipped to England and sold for 1,500 guineas, about $7,500. He also bred thoroughbred Yorkshire hogs. In 1872. with his wife, ami his son. Fred Palmer, he traveled extensively through Europe, and visited many of the leading flocks and herds of England.

In 1847 Mr. Hills married Margaret Copp Williams, a nieee of E. D. Morgan, who was at one time Governor of Xew York. They hail a family of five sons and one daughter, namely : Frank A., born August 21. 1849; Fred Palmer, born October 4. 1851; Hosea \\\. born July 30. 1853: Harry X.. born March 20. 1855: John W., born November 24. 1856; James M., born December 10. 1858; and Katherine M.. born June 22. 1861. who married Dr. Ferris, of Brooklyn. Xew York, and died May 5. 1907. John \Y. Hill- is one of the best known live-stock artists in the country.

Chauncy Hills, in addition to his farming and live-stock interests, was a director in several Delaware banks, and president of the Gas Company. All his business dealings were characterized by probity and honor, and he was personally a generous and helpful man. He was a fine horseman, and excelled in whatever he undertook, being always alert to take advantage of opportunities, and keeping ever before him the highest possible standard as a goal. He selected always the best things whenever he had a choice to make. He wrote numerous articles on the breeding of cattle and sheep for the Country Gentleman and other stock and agricultural papers. Mr. Hills died February 9. 1901. when past his eighty-fourth year, having accomplished much work of permanent value to the community in which he had spent the greater part of his life.

school ot .Mrs. Murray, a well known educator of that day. and so continued his studies until his parents removed to their farm in Troy Township. He then passed under the care of a private tutor. Miss Elizabeth Williams, coming later under the tuition of Rev. James S. Campbell, who was at that time and for many years afterwards, superintendent of schools in Delaware. In 1870. in company with J. D. Wolfley, he went to Europe to master German and French, and to secure the culture that comes only from a residence abroad. They spent a year in Hanover. Germany, and another in Geneva. Switzerland, after which Mr. Hills devoted six months more to travel. The Franco-Prussian war broke out the first week after they landed in Germany, and they had an opportunity to witness a review of the German troops, as they marched up "Unter den Linden," by the statute of Frederick the Great, in Berlin. This was a rare opportunity, as the soldiers of all the various German states were clad in the uniforms of their respective states, or principalities, and presented a sight such as will probably never be seen again.