Essex County, Massachusetts - Biographical sketches (1 of 8 so headed), 1888 (part 2 of 2)

Francis W. Breed

Franciis W. Breed, of Lynn, is one of the most prominent shoe manufacturers, not only in that city, but in New England. His extensive factories at home and abroad give employment to large bodies of workmen, and have a capacity, when in full running order, of six or seven thousand pairs of shoes per day. Mr. Breed's rise in business, while it has been rapid, has been steady, conservative and safe. Possessing, in a marked degree, the quality of thoroughness in whatever he undertakes, he has achieved success where competition is close and where slackness or inattention might have caused disaster. His markets, both for purchase and sale, are extensive, and both are watched with a careful eye. Mr. Breed has traveled extensively, and with an elasticity of spirit and a buoyancy of heart, he has always sustained a weight of care and responsibility with calmness and composure, and kept himself young under burdens, which often cru!«h and break down even less active business men. His residence on Ocean Stieet in Lynn has a beautiful outlook over the bay, and is one of the most attractive and comfortable homes on the shore.

John Broad Tolman

Mr. Tolman was a lineal descendant from Thomas Tolman, who was born in England in 1608 or 1609, and came over in the " Mary and John " in 1630, becoming a settler of Dorchester, Mass. A grandson of the early settler just named, whose name also was Thomas, was a native of Lynn, and died here in 1716- And this last Thomas was the great -great great-grandfather of John B., the subject of this sketch, who thus becomes connected with our Lynn families.

John B. Tolman was born in Barre, Worcester County, Mass., on the 30th of December, 1806, and in that town the first two years of his life were passed. His parents then removed to Needham, in Norfolk County, Mass., it being the native place of his paternal grandfather, who was severely wounded at the battle of Lexington, but on his recovery enlisted and served through the Revolutionary War, rising from the ranks to a field ofticer.

In this latter town most of Mr. Tolman's early life was passed and his education chiefly obtained at the public schools there. And he had manual duties to perform about the farm even at the tender age of eight years, such as a boy of this period would be thought entirely unequal to.

At the usual age for apprenticeship he was placed in the office of H. & W. H. Mann, of Dedham, Mai^s., to learn the printing business. It was a large and well-appointed establishment for the time, and afforded facilities for acquiring a good knowledge of the art. He ftiithfuUy served his full time and not long after went to Boston, there to follow his trade. Says the Commonwealth newspaper of April 9, 1881 : " In 1828 Mr. Tolman came to Boston as a journeyman in the book-office of Isaac R. Butts, doing a full day's work each day and filling the berth of an extra hand two nights in the week on the Columbian Centinel, ' hanging out from twelve to three o'clock.' "

It was in February, 1830, that he became a resident of Lynn, where he was at once engaged as printer of the Lynn Record, a few numbers of which had then been issued. After several years of service as manager, not only mechanically but editorially, he purchased the office and soon did a larger business than had been done in any other Lynn office up to that time. He introduced the first machine press here, printed several papers at ditferent times and had a good run of job work.

By middle life he found himself in circumstances where his accustomed unremitting application to mechanical labor was unnecessary. He then sold out his printing materials and business, and turned his attention to other and less wearing pursuits. Yet the semi-intellectual employment of type-setting was always congenial to him, and he was sometimes, for years after, seen as a volunteer compositor, for hours together, in some printing-office, the sharp click of the type and the bass rumbling of the press having the old-time charm for his ear. He now engaged in real estate and kindred operations, and here, too, success generally attended him, so that his means were soon augmented.

The Rev. Edwin Thompson, himself a man of remarkable vitality, industry and perseverance, in a communication to the Dedham Transcript of March 15, 1884, in alhision to the physical strain to which Mr. Tolman was accustomed to subject himself in early manhood, says : " Before the days of railroads Mr. Tolman frequently walked from Lynn to Boston on business and back the same day. Whenever he wished to visit Dedham it required all day to go there by stage, starting by Lynn stage at 8 A.M. for Boston, and leaving Boston for Dedham by ' Mason's stage ' at 4 P.M. In order to save time, Mr. Tolman frequently walked the whole distance, twenty miles, leaving Dedham in the morning and arriving at Lynn in season to devote half a day to business."

Perhajis no trait is more conspicuous in Mr. Tolman than his promptness in fulfilling engagements. So rigid was he in this respect, while in the printing business, that he appended to some of his advertisements a notice that if a job of work was not ready for delivery at the time agreed on, no pay would be required.

The career of Mr. Tolman furnishes a notable illustration of the certainty wiih which industry, promptness, indomitable perseverance and frugality insure competence.

Mr. Tolman is a strict disciplinarian and a man of marked individuality and rigidly just in all his dealings. Like a good many other thrifty men - more in number than is generally supposed - he was never addicted to the use of intoxicating liquors. Nor did he acquire the habit of using tobacco in any form. Mr. Thompson remarks : " Mr. Tolman thinks he has saved, reckoning at compound interest, about eight thousand dollars in not using tobacco, and by not using rum much more." His abstinence from " rum and tobacco," of course did much to increase his pecuniary means. And then with his other good traits of prudence in expenditure and carefulness in every way, aided by superior business sagacity, he has been enabled, during his latter years, to spare generous sums for benevolent purposes. In 1881, on the occasion of the celebration of his golden wedding, he made a donation to the Lynn Hospital of two thousand five hundred dollars, to be held for the purposes thus expressed in his letter to the president of the corporation :

" As I am interested in the project for a Hospital in this city, and as the present effort to obtain a fund to establish one happens to be coincident with the fiftieth anniversary of my wedding, I, together with my wife, desire, on tliis day and occasion, to nialve it an offering expressive of our interest in it and tlie city in wliich we have so long resided.

"We alsode-sire to devote the gift, in part, to the benefit of members of the Printing Fraternity in Lynn, as they may be in need of hospital treatment. We both have a strong regard for the occupation to whicli I was brought up, and in which my wife's father and four of lier brothers were long engaged.

" As we desire the hospital to be established on a lasting basis, even if it shall commence in a small and prudent way, we wish the income of the fund only to be used, and offer, through you, to give to the Hospital the symbolical sum of Fifty-times- Fifty Dollars, to be received and held on the following terms :

"Tliatthe said Hospital shall hold and invest the said sura forever, and devote the income arising therefrom to maintain a bed, or beds, in said Hospital, for the benefit of all persons, under the rules and regulations of the hospital ; that it shall devote said bed, or beds, to the extent of a sum equal to tlie whole income received from said fund, to the use ot Practical Letter-Press Printers residing in Lynn (and especially to any person ever apprenticed to me), if the same shall be so required."

This donation was cordially received and duly acknowledged. In 1884 he conveyed to the Young Men's Christian Association, of Lynn, an estate on Market Street valued at thirty thousand dollars, in trust " For the suppression in said Lynn of intemperance in the use of intoxicating liquors by the cultivation of public opinion and the enforcement of laws prohibiting and restraining the manufacture and sale of the same, and by assisting in the reform of persons of intemperate habits. Also, for the education and instruction of the public, and especially the young, in all practical ways by which they may be reached in regard to the moral and physical injuries arising from the habitual use of such liquors, and also of tobacco and other stimulants." And as subordinate to this work it was further stipulated that a part of said income, as opportunity afforded, should be expended for the suppression of immoral literature, especially such as circulates among the young, the donor summarily adding that " his general intention is that of reform, rather than that of the alleviation of the effects consequent upon intemperance," and leaving the details of work for those appointed to act under the trust. This donation was also cordially accepted and duly acknowledged, and will no doubt be faithfully applied. A local paper, in speaking of this gift, says : "Mr. Tolman was an ardent temperance advocate in early life; he was also a radical and outspoken abolitionist, and advocated all the moral reform movements at a time when it required sound moral courage to do so," and adds, in reference to the gift : " He feels that in this act he has contributed to the relief of the poor and needy as expressly, and more effectually, than if he had minihtered directly to their present necessities, as he believes in the adage, 'An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.' "

The latest and one of the most useful of Mr. Tolman's public donations was the munificent one of one thousand dollars to the Home for Aged Women.

Mr. Tolman has not appeared much in public life, having no political aspirations, and constantly avoiding official position. It is here, perhaps, that he has fallen short of his duty to the public, which, in return for the protection and benefits conferred, had a right to place him, occasionally at least, in positions where his fearless independence, caution and watchfulness would be available and effectual. He, however, has "held important and responsible positions' in connection with private and corporate interests."

Mr. Tolman has been something of a traveler, having made extensive tours in the Western and Southern States and in California. He has likewise visited Europe, and, of course, with his inquiring mind, gathered much unique and useful information.

In March, 1831, Mr. Tolman was united in marriage with Miss Lydia S. Mann, of Dedham, a daughter of Herman Mann, of whom he had learned his trade, and sister of Herman Mann, Jr., and their children were two sons and a daughter, of whom the latter only is now living, being the wife of Mr. Charles J. Pickford, of Lynn.

Hiram Nichols Breed

In the "Centennial Memorial of Lynn,'' published in 1876, by order of the City Council, appeared a biographical sketch of Mr. Breed, which was prepared with care, and to which little need be added here excepting that now, 1887, after the lapse of another decade of years, he still retains, in a remarkable degree, that healthful vigor, both of body and mind, that has characterized him through life; and that the community still have the benefit of his mature judgment and eflBcient services.

Mr. Breed, says the sketch referred to, was born in Lynn, September 2, 1809, and was a son of Asa Breed, born February 21, 1783, a direct descendant from Allen Breed, who settled in Lynn in 1630. The Breed family during our whole history has maintained the highest rank, numerically, with the exception of the Newhall, which considerably outnumbers any other.

After receiving a district school education, Mr. Breed was put to the common employment of the youth of that period in this place, namely, the trade of shoemaking. And that occupation he has pursued for the greater portion of his life. The old-fashioned shoemaker's shop was an unrivalled school in its way - a school in which the free discussions on every topic of public or private interest had a tendency to make men intelligent in every way except, perhaps, in mere book-learning. The discussions often led to reflection and investigation, and whoever possessed ability was pretty sure to have it recognized.

Mr. Breed was, at a comparatively early age, called to take a part in the management of public affairs; and for many years has held responsible offices. He was in various positions in the old town government, and the office of selectman when it expired. On the adoption of the city form he was one of the first Board of Aldermen, being likewise returned for the same position the next year. He was a member of the Legislature in 1848 and 1850, and a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1853. By Governor Boutwell he was appointed Coroner, and held the office twentyfive years, until the duties were referred to the courts; and he held the office of Justice of the Peace thirtyfour years. He was ten years a director in the old Mutual Fire Insurance Company, likewise City Assessor in 1858 and 1859, and Surveyor of Highways ten years. In the latter capacity he rendered eminent service, doing much to protect and beautify the picturesque drives in the outskirts, as well as to render safe, compact and cleanly the business streets. For thirteen years he was Commissioner of Pine Grove Cemetery, and for six years contractor to grade and prepare the lots. Nor should it be forgotten, while speaking of his many excellent labors, that he was active and efficient in the establishment of the Home for Aged Women.

In 1861 Mr. Breed was elected to the office of Mayor. That was a year especially filled with unusual demands, anxieties and perplexities, for it was the opening year of the great Civil War. New duties and responsibilities were then pressing, and untried measures were to be adopted. It required firmness to withstand unreasonable demands, and judgment to meet all legitimate claims. The success of his administration, under the circumstances, entitles him to much credit. It was a difficult task to shape and put in operation the measures that resulted so favorably to the soldiers and their families, while at the same time other public interests were vigilantly guarded. Something of the modest spirit with which he entered upon his duties as Mayor may be gathered from the opening passage of his inaugural address: "Called from a laborious but honorable occupation to fill the position of Mayor of this city, and well acquainted with my many deficiencies for this important trust, I feel confident that, seeking to know my duty, I shall be able by assiduity and industry to discharge the duties with a measure of satisfaction to myself and my constituents." Perhaps his habit of careful investigation, before proceeding to action, in matters ot real importance, is one of his most prominent characteristics - never too hasty, and never liable to be driven on by the unadvised urgency of those who always stand ready to press others while no responsibility rests on themselves.

Mr. Breed belongs to one of the old families of the eastern section of the town, though the first Breed located in the western section, and has lived to see great improvements in the vicinity of his birth-place. Ocean Street, which is now reckoned one of the finest avenues in the county, he has seen opened through lands, not indeed barren, but occupied only for purposes of husbandry. He also had much to do with the laying out of Breed, Foster and Nichols Streets, now filled with a thrifty population. And to his energy and enterprise that whole section is indebted for many of those improvements which have changed it from its former quaint and rather ancient aspect to one pleasant and attractive.

On the 4th of July, 1830, Mr. Breed was united in marriage with Nancy, a daughter of Caleb Stone, a well known and much respected citizen, and by her had ten children - four sons and six daughters. On the 4th of July, 1880, the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage, a large company of kindred and friends assembled in a tasty pavilion, erected for the purpose, and there offered their congratulations and good wishes to the esteemed couple. It was an occasion of much enjoyment, mingled with the touching reflection that the day for final separation could not, in the common course of nature, be far distant. And since then the endeared companion with whom Mr. Breed had so long journeyed, has been called to the better land. A beloved and promising son, too, then in early manhood, has likewise passed the bourne whence none return.

Isaac Francis Galloupe

One of the most noted of the early settlers, of New England was John Gallop, of Strode, County Dorset, England, who, at the age of forty, set sail for America in the "Mary and John," and arrived on the 30th of May, 1630, at Watertown (now Boston). He was a descendant, in the eighth generation, of John Gallop, who, in 1465, came out of the North and settled in Dorset, his heraldic shield bearing the mottoes, " Be bold, be wyse."

Isaac Francis Galloupe, a descendant in the seventh generation from John Gallop, the pioneer, was born in Beverly, Ma'^s., June 27, 1823. His parents were Isaac and Annis (Allen) Galloupe, both of sturdy New England stock. After receiving a suitable academical education he entered, as a student, the ofiice of Dr. A. S. Pierson, of Salem, with whom he remained two years, at the end of which time he entered the Tremont Street Medical School, in Boston, and pursued his studies another year. He also attended three full courses of lectures at the Medical School of Harvard University, where he graduated in 1849.

Thus thoroughly prepared, in the spring of 1849 he settled in Lynn, where there were several physicians of more than ordinary reputation, who, in view of the favorable auspices under which he came, welcomed him with the utmost kindness. He was not long in gaining practice, and has from that time to the present enjoyed a reputation ever increasing, till it may now with confidence be said that very few physicians or surgeons in the county can be regarded as his peers. He is an honored member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the several local associations, in all of which much deference is paid to his ability and skill, and his suggestions are received as authoritative. His writings on various professional topics, which have from time to time appeared in the medical journals, have uniformly commanded attention and received warm counneudation.

As a citizen. Dr. Galloupe has always received the highest respect, although the exactions of his profession have prevented his appearing much in public office. He, however, has served several times as city physician, and, as a member of the School Committee, has shown his interest in the cause of education. But it was in the Union army, during the great Rebellion, that his excellent professional attainments became most conspicuous. He was commissioned as surgeon of the Seventeenth Massachusetts Regiment July 10, 1861. The next year he served as acting brigade surgeon in North Carolina, and then division surgeon on the staff" of Major- Gen eral J. G. Foster. Besides the foregoing he filled several other important and difficult positions, among them that of surgeon-in-chaj'ge of the United States Army General Hospital, medical director, surgeon-incharge of the medical department in a number of perilous expeditions, post-surgeon at Newbern, N. C, surgeon-in-charge of rebel prisons and jails. In all of them he proved himself so diligent and faithful as to elicit the heartiest commendation of the commanding officers.

In the rejiort of Colonel Amory, issued from the headquarters at Newbern December 21, 1862, concerning the actions of the 14th, 16th and 17th of that month, appears the following : " When all did their duty well, it seems unnecessary to mention names, but I feel compelled in this place to testify to the fidelity with which Dr. Galloupe, the senior surgeon of my brigade, discharged his duties. His efficiency at all times and his care of the wounded merit the highest praise."

In 1868 Dr. Galloupe was commissioned by the President, "for faithful and meritorious services during the war," a lieutenant-colonel of volunteers by brevet. This appointment was made in accordance with the many and strong recommendations of those best able to judge of his distinguished merits as a surgeon and soldier. Among those urgently advocating his appointment were Major-General J. G. Foster and Surgeon-General Dale. General Foster wrote, " I know Dr. Galloupe to be a most worthy and excellent officer, who, under all circumstances during the war, performed his duty with marked ability ;" and Surgeon-General Dale wrote of him, " His record during the war was honorable to himself and creditable to the commonwealth." Many passages, equally laudatory, from others, might be added, showing the high estimation in which his services were held by those most competent to judge. It may not be amiss, however, to add the following letters of those well-known commanders. General Burnside and General Butler, to the Secretary of War:

"General, - It gives me great iileasuro to l)ear testimony to the skill, industry and and gallantry of Siageon Isaac F. Gallonpo, of tlie Seventeenth Massaclmsetts Volunteers, who served with me in North Carolina.

On all occasions during the war when his services were needed he proved himself a most efficient surgeon and brave officer. In February, 1864, he was captured by the enemy whilst operating upon the field. I believe his good services and record entitle him to a brevet, and I hope it may be found for the interest of the public service to give him the promotion.

" Surgeon Galloupe served under my command at Newbern, N. C, and was captured during an attack while engaged in the strict line of his duty in removing a musket-ball from a wounded officer. He was detained in Libby a month and then exchanged. His services were more than those of surgeons of the line, and were specially mentioned. His testimonials from other commanders under whom he served are of the highest order. I urgently bespeak for him a brevet appointment as fit recognition of his efficient and assiduous and meritorious services. " I have the honor to be

The reference to Dr. Galloupe's being taken prisoner while attending a wounded officer on the field may merit an explanatory word or two. The wounded officer was Henry A. Cheever, adjutant of the Seventeenth Massachusetts Volunteers, who says, in a letter to the Secretary of War, dated August 8, 1868 : " On February 1, 1864, when the rebel General Pickett made his demonstration against Newbern, N. C, it was my misfortune to receive a dangerous wound in the left side, and my very excessive good fortune to be associated with Surgeon Galloupe, who remained with me on the field performing a surgical operation, when to remain and do his duty to me (our small force having been routed by overwhelming numbers) was to fall into the hands of the enemy. I, as Avell as some others belonging to the Department of North Carolina, owe our live;^ to the faithful manner in which Surgeon Galloupe discharged his every duty. His humanity saved many lives and cheered the dying hours of many others. As a companion he was always of high moral character. I know of nothing stronger that could be said in his behalf than that he always, whether in camp or on the march, met and faithfully discharged his every obligation, and, in my opinion, is richly deserving of all the honors that can be granted to one who served his country well.''

Dr. Galloupe's army experience has enabled him to make valuable contributions to the surgical literature of war, and he has taken occasion, from time to time, in his concise and lucid manner, to describe cases that have come under his operating hand, much to the benefit of his professional brethren, so that the period of his public usefulness by no means ended with the close of the war. As an example of his intelligent way of viewing professional duties and responsibilities the following extract from a publication of 1863 is introduced, for it contains suggestions likely to prove of benefit wherever the note of war is heard :

" AMPtiTATiON ON THE Battle-Fielp. - Surgeou Isaac F. Galloupe, of the Seventeenth Regiment, has written an interesting letter to Surgeon- General Dale, in which he speaks of amjiutations on the field of battle from his experience in the service. He says that it is thought by many that amputations on the battle-field are sometimes needlessly performed, but this is an error in his opinion. The golden opportunity for the operation is immediately on the reception of the injury, presuming, of course, that amputation is necessary. The severe shock and depression of spirits which immediately follow a severe injury in civil life do not appear often in those wounded in battle, but the men are in a high state of excitement and exhilaration, a condition highly favorable for immediate operation, which, if performed at such time, produces no shock to the system. This condition, however, soon passes off, and if not improved, the opportunity is lost.

"He says that during the three engagements upon the recent Goldsboro' expedition, about one hundred and fifty wounded were brought to him, and as he could not attend to all the cases personally, he selected the eight worst ones and performed amputation, leaving the rest to ' conservative surgery,' and in every case among these of gunshot fracture of the long bones, not including those of hands and feet, the patient finally lost his limb, and in some cases his life also, while those who had undergone primary amputation made rapid recovery.

"In the eight cases in which Surgeon Galloupe operated on the occasion referred to, all but one lived and rapidly convalesced, the case terminating fatally being that of Private Rand, who lost his arm and leg, and who died from surgical fever after his arm had entirely healed and his leg was progressing very favorably."

Dr. Galloupe was a liberal contributor of material for the " Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion," published by the War Department.

Dr. Galloupe returned from the war with a commanding professional reputation, and quietly resumed his practice in Lynn, where he still resides.

In 1854 Dr. Galloupe was united in marriage with Lydia D. Ellis, a daughter of the late David Ellis, of Lynn, and is the father of two sons, - Francis Ellis, a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1876, now practicing mechanical engineering in Boston, and Charles William, a graduate of Harvard College in 1879, and the Harvard Medical School in 1883, who is now a successful practitioner in Lynn.

Josiah Chase Bennett

Bennett is an old Lynn name, and as some of the family left here at an early period and settled in New Hampshire, it is perhaps fair to presume that the subject of this sketch, who was born in Sandwich, N. H., on the sixth of May, 1835, was a descendant from Samuel Bennett, who came to Lynn during the first decade of our history - no doubt as early as 1636. He was a man in good circumstances, public-spirited, and withal possessed of much independence of character - was a little wilful perhaps, but on the whole, such a one as no descendant need be ashamed of.

He was a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery as early as 1639. Mr. Bennett's father was Simon Bennett a farmer, also born in Sandwich, who stood very high in the community for his integrity and sterling Christian character. He was the son of Stephen Bennett, and a grandson of Stephen Bennett who served as a drum-major during the entire period of the War of the Revolution, and who, at a verj^ old age, froze to death as the I'esult of a fall on the ice of Lake Winnepesaukee.

rived from liis maternal ancestors, his mother (Mary Fogg Chase) having been of the New Hampshire Chase family, which has always numbered many eminent personages; among them two Bishops of the Episcopal Church, namely, Philander Chase, Bishop of Ohio, who acquired the title of " Father of Ohio," he having gone there in its infancy, and being largely instrumental in shaping its early history ; the other was Carlton Chase, Bishop of New Hampshire, he who afterwards, on the fall of Bishop Onderdonk of New York, discharged the episcopal duties of that Diocese. In this family line, too, appeared the distinguished statesman and financial expert, Salmon Portland Chase, who was Governor of Ohio, United States Senator, Secretary of the Treasury under President Lincoln, and afterwards Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

In Mr. Bennett's business career we have a notable example of the progress of a true New Englander, one who from the more humble ranks, by industry, perseverance, and enterprise has attained a commanding position in the community; a position, however, which could not have been reached and maintained without the additional virtues of probity, fair dealing and true manhood.

It may be well briefly to sketch his career, there being abundant material furnished by the public prints which have delighted, from time to time, to speak approvingly of his characteristics and doings. Says one writer : " He was the son of poor parents, and from an early age was thrown upon his ow^n resources for support. When he was sixteen years of age he left his native town and went to work on the shoemaker's bench in Danvers. In those days a shoemaker made the whole shoe, and there were no large factories as at present." In another article we are informed that " From Danvers he went to Boston and engaged in the business of manufacturing silk hats." This business and that of photography engaged his attention until 1865, when he became connected with the American Shoe Tip Company of Boston, remaining with them about five years. During this time he traveled extensively, becoming acquainted with the shoe trade all over the country.

The company rose from a very embarrassed condition to become a great financial success, a result almost wholly contributed to by his personal eiforts. At this time he resided in Lynn during the summer, and in Boston during the winter. In 1870 betook up his residence permanently in Lynn, and commenced manufacturing shoes, in a small way, with George E. Barnard, in Exchange Street, under the firm name of J. C. Bennett & Co. Two years afterward the business was removed to their new building in Central Square.

In Central Square the business still continues, under the firm name of J. C. Bennett & Barnard. They do a very large business, and have attained a position where no want of capital is felt, and rank among our first-class manufacturers. They manufacture none but the first grade of shoes, and put them on the market in corresponding style. The products of their factory are widely and favorably known throughout the country, and have contributed largely to place Lynn in the foremost rank in the production of fine goods.

Mr. Bennett has always been a true friend of the laboring classes and willing to consider their wants and their rights, and hence, through all the agitations that have of late years beset the trade here, he has been remarkably free from difficulties that have been encountered by such brother manufacturers as were disposed to be more tenacious of their own opinions and less considerate of those of others. If, however, troubles have at any time arisen, he has always settled them by arbitration, to the mutual satisfaction of employer and employees.

Mr. Bennett served in the State Senate in 1884-85, and in that position, by his prudence, good judgment and moderation won the universal approval of his constituents ; and he likewise gained much applause from the benevolent and sympathetic of all parties, by giving to the Lynn Hospital, the entire amount of his salary as Senator.

In 1865 Mr. Bennett was united in marriage with Miss Nancy Louisa Richardson, of Rochester, N. H., and they have pursued an aff"ectionate and Christian walk together, these many years, both being members of St. Stephen's Church, he having already served as Parish Vestryman, for several years.

Very few of the adoj^ted citizens of Lynn, and she can number many worthy ones who have appeared at different periods, have stood higher in general esteem than Dr. McArthur - esteem for skill in his profession, and for the high qualities that characterize the true gentleman.

He was born near Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1831, and of excellent ancestry, his grandfather having belonged to the gentry of Lanarkshire, Scotland, and his father, being a man of finished education, having graduated from Dublin University. The latter became an officer in the Queen's Regiment, and was at the burial of Sir John Moore, and at the battle of Waterloo. His mother was a daughter of one of the Royalists who emigrated to Halifax atthe close of the American Revolution.

After coming to the States Dr. McArthur resided for a time in Newburyport, where he married and buried his first wife. He was subsequently in business in Montreal, but returned to Newburyport, where he was for a time in business.

Dr. McArthur pui'sued his medical studies in the Harvard Medical School, where he took a full course, and graduated in 1872, his previous good education

After spending a short time in Charlestown, he came to Lynn, and in a remarkably short time found himself in an extensive and lucrative practice. Soon after coming to Lynn he was united in marriage with Miss Annie E. Friend, of Gloucester. They had one child, a daughter, and the mother and daughter survive him.

Pr. McArthur's genial manners, varied acquirements, liberal views, and tender sympathies made him esteemed by all classes. And his rapidly accumulating means enabled him to indulge his naturally benevolent inclinations. He diligently followed his profession till declining health required a slackening of professional labors, and for the last two or three years of his life he was compelled to withdraw as much as possible from active practice.

He was not much in public life, as premonitions of declining health warned him to beware of exposure and excitement. In the quiet duties of church work and in the lodge-room he took delight ; was an exemplary member of St. Stephen's Church, in which he served as vestryman some ten years, his earnestness and good judgment having much influence with his official associates. He was a charter member of the fraternity of Odd Fellows, and first treasurer of the Richard Drown Lodge ; likewise a member of Olivet Commandery of Knight Templars, and jmssed through all the chairs at Newburyport.

Dr. McArthur died at his residence on South Common Street on the 28th of September, 1887, and the funeral services were held in St. Stephen's Church on the morning of Saturday, October 1, 1887. The remains were taken to Newburyport for burial in the family lot, several of his official brethren, kindred and friends, accompanying them to their final restingplace.

Jonathan Woodward Goodell was born in Orange, Mass., August 2, 1830. His father was Zina Goodell, and his mother was Polly, daughter of Amos Woodward, of that town. He was educated in the common schools of Orange, at the Melrose Seminary, in West Brattleboro', Vt., and at Saxton's 'River Academy, in Rockingham, in the same State. He afterwards studied medicine in the Berkshire Medical College, and graduated from that institution at the age of twenty-six. During the first ten years of his professional life he practised in Greenwich, Mass., and then removed to Lynn, where he has ever since resided. Since his arrival in Lynn, in February, 1866, he has devoted himself with energy and skill to the practice of medicine and surgerj^, in which he has secured a large and eminently successful business. He is a member of the American Medical Association, and of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of which latter organization he has been several times chosen one of the counsellors. He has been, also. President of the Essex South Medical Association, and in these various honorable positions has always had the confidence and respect of his professional brethren. He has neither occupied nor sought public office, but has given his time and energy to his chosen profession, indulging in the single avocation of the study of horticulture as a relief from his legitimate occupation. To the promotion of this branch of science he has lent freely his intelligent service, and is now president of the Houghton Horticultural Association of his adopted city. He is now, at the age of fifty-seven, releasing himself somewhat from the burdens of his profession, and seeking relaxation and pleasure among the fruits and flowers, to whose culture his refined tastes more and more incline. He married, November 1, 1868, Martha Jane, daughter of Jason Abbott, of Enfield, Mass., and has one daughter, now sixteen years of age. He is still in the prime of vigorous manhood, and promises many years of usefulness, both in the pursuit of his profession and in the promotion of a higher culture and taste in the community, of which he is an honored member.

Augustus B. Martin

Augustus B. Martin is the son of Newhall Martin, of Charlestown, Mass., and he (Newhall Martin) was born in Boston, 1802, commenced the shoe business in what was then Charlestown, but is now part of Boston, in 1822, and remained there till his death, which occurred December 18, 1880, doing the same business in one place fifty-eight years.

In 1823 he married Hannah Phillips, who was also born in Boston, and had the following children : Newhall, born 1825; James Pope, 1827; Edward F., 1829; Augustus B., 1831 ; Francis A., 1833 ; Alphonso, 1835; Harriet, 1837. His wife dying May 19, 1839, he married a second wife. Widow Mercy (Hatch) Leach.

Augustus B. Martin was educated in the public schools in Charlestown, and at the age of fifteen entered his father's establishment, where he remained three years. He then learned the trade of moroccodressing with James M. Waite, of Charlestown, and after working at his trade three years, in Newton, with Charles Packer, removed to Lynn at the age of twenty-four. There he started in business with Moses Norris, under the firm-name of Norris & Martin, in the manufacture of morocco. After remaining three years and a half with Mr. Norris, with his small means considerably increased, he established himself alone in the same business, remaining alone until 1867, when he admitted his brother, Edward F., as partner.

In May, 1876, he opened a store in Boston for the sale of his goods, and from the time of his arrival in Lynn, in 1855, to the present time his career has been one of uninterrupted success. Manufacturing at first

In 1881 his establishment in Lynn was burned, but was at once replaced by one which is the largest and best-appointed morocco factory in New England. Their store, near the Revere Beach Railroad station, is the most elegant and commodious store, in that line of business, in the United States, and forms part of a brick block owned by himself and built in 1884.

The goat-skins manufactured by the firm are imported by them chiefly from South America, and it is safe to say that no better product than theirs enters the market. Mr. Martin is a Republican in politics, and a Universalist in religion, and has taken an active interest in the advancement of views represented by the party and sect designated by those terms. He is a man of public spirit, interested in the welfare of his city, and the institutions which give it character. He has been a member of the City Council and Board of Aldermen, a director in the Mechanics', now the First National Bank, and is now vice-president of the Lynn National Bank.

He married, December 25, 1856, Elizabeth R., daughter of William S. Fretch, and has had the following children : Lizzie, May, Alice G., and Augustus B. Augustus B., Jr., was admitted a member of the firm January 1, 1887.

Mr. Moulton was born in Lynn on the 7th of August, 1838. His father was Joseph Moulton, long known among us as a successful tanner and morocco manufacturer; and his mother was Relief Todd, a Vermont lady.

The ancestor of the family was Robert Moulton, who was sent over by the London Company, in 1629, to Governor Endicott, as master shipwright, with six journeymen, to begin the shipbuilding business at Salem. The large island off Beverly shore, called the Misery, " receiving that name," says Felt, " on account of a disastrous shipwreck there," but gives no particulars. Robert Moulton was quite prominent in the early town and church affairs of Salem, and was granted two hundred acres of land in Salem village, now West Peabody, and was one of eight men disarmed at Salem for sympathizing with the wheelwright in his desire for liberty of conscience and free speech.

Mr. Moulton, the subject of this sketch, graduated from Lynn High School in 1855, having prepared for college under Jacob Batchelder. But he relinquished the idea of college-life on account of failing health, caused by too close application to study. He spent several years in his father's nursery in attending to the cultivation and propagation of fruit-trees, shrubs,

The father of Mr. Moulton had served an apprenticeship of seven years at the leather manufacture, in all itsbranches and under him the son became an adept, so that in 1864 he was well qualified to succeed to the then firmly-established business. In that business, the manufacture of morocco leather, he still continues, employing at the present time some sixty or seventy workmen. His factory stands on the spot where one of the earliest tanneries was established, by the Lewises. In the chapter on the industrial pursuits of Lynn more may be found in relation to the business and the successive owners of the premises. The factory is quite extensive, and is located on Marion Street, opposite the foot of Centre.

Mr. Moulton was born in the old Mansfield house, on the north side of Boston Street, nearly opposite the termination of Marion. It was built in 1666 by Robt. Mansfield, and still remains the property of descendants of the builder, now of the eighth generation. The grandmother of Mr. Moulton was a Mansfield, and lineal descendant from Robert, just named.

The integrity, prudence and promptness of Mr. Moulton have made his services much in requisition for positions of peculiar trust. He has already served twelve years as trustee of the public library, and has recently been elected for anew three-years' term, being likewise treasurer of the board of directors. He is treasurer of the fraternities of Associated Charities, treasurer of the Boston Street Methodist Society and treasurer of the trustees of the Lynn Free Public Forest. As mentioned elsewhere, he is a writer of merit in both prose and poetry, and has been the poet at several High School reunions.

But the most distinguishing trait of Mr. Moulton, in a literary way, is his love for historical research. He is a member of the New England Historical and Genealogical Society, and likewise of the Methodist Historical Society.

The people of Lynn are greatly indebted to him for the collection and preservation of much that is useful as well as interesting in her history. He has prepared copies of the earliest existing town records, and had them published in the Historical Collections of the Essex Institute. He has also collected and published the inscriptions from the oldest grave-yards of Lynn, Lynnfield and Saugus, and has prepared genealogies of the Moulton and Mansfield families. A few months since, as mentioned in another connection, he, with Mr. Isaac 0. Guild, was at the expense of erecting a suitable stone to mark the resting-place of "Moll Pitcher," the renowned fortune-teller of Lynn, perhaps the most remarkable personage known in our history, and of whom a somewhat extended account may be found in the historical sketch of Lynn in the present work.

tion he may possess regarding our early families, and the characteristics and doings of our fathers. And all well-wishers of the community will join in rejoicing in the prosperity of one so worthy.

John P. Woodbury was born in Atkinson, N. H., on May 24, 1827. He traces his ancestry through seven generations to one of the earliest settlers in Salem (1624), John Woodbury, who held the first official appointment mentioned in the old Colonial records. Later he was sent to England with full powers to settle some diflficulties which had arisen between the colony and the mother country, and returned to the colony in 1628, having executed his commission satisfactorily. John Woodbury, the grandfather of John P., came to Lynn in 1820. He was a skillful master shipwright and carpentei', and the first in this part of the country to introduce the '* square rule" in framing buildings. Four of his sons - Jepthah P., Seth D., Joseph P., and James A - became prominent as business men in Lynn, the last two especially as inventors. His eldest son, Rev. John Woodbury, the father of John P., was born at Beverly, and was first settled as a Baptist clergyman at Northfield, Mass., and later, as was the custom at that time, was changed from time to time to other New England parishes. He was a man of liberal views and earnest and devoted in his labors, but in 1850 his ' health compelled him to retire from the ministry. He was married to Myra Page of Atkinson, and John P. Woodbury, the subject of this sketch, was their only son. His early years were spent in various New England towns where his father was settled. In addition to a common school education he had the advantage of three years' study at the Hancock (N. H.) Literary and Scientific Institution, of which his father was a trustee. At the age of fifteen he was employed for six months on one of the most sterile farms in New England, at the foot of old Monadnock. Any one acquainted with farm-life of thirty years ago will understand how he w^elcomed a change of employment. He entered the ofiice of the Keene (N. H.) Sentinel, and soon became a good compositor. The following yean having a taste for mechanical employment, he went to Bangor, Me., and spent three years of hard work in acquiring a thorough knowledge of various woodworking trades. He then came to Lynn, and was employed for a year as journeyman cabinet-maker in the factory of Seth D. Woodbury, which stood on the present site of the Boston Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad station. The following year he became the confidential clerk of Joseph P. Woodbury, and in 1849- 50 visited Buffalo and the principal cities of the West, in connection with patent business. He was in

Washington in the spring of 1850, while the famous compromise measures were before Congress, and heard the questions which led to our civil war discussed by Clay, Webster, Calhoun and many other distinguished members of Congress. On his return he became a partner of Jepthah P. Woodbury in the lumber and building business, which was carried on at Commercial wharf, at the foot of Commercial Street, in Lynn. In this same year (1850), he married Sarah E. Silsbee, a daughter of Nathan Silsbee, and a descendant of one of the earliest settlers of Lynn. In 1854 he sold his interest in the lumber business, and again visited the West, with the intention of settling there, but in four months he returned to Lynn and established himself in the real estate and insurance business. He was the pioneer in this line of business in Lynn. By steady and close occupation he obtained the confidence of his fellow-citizens, and succeeded in establishing the largest business of the kind in Essex County; indeed for many years only two insurance offices in the State made larger returns to the insurance commissioners.

Mr. Woodbury was a firm believer in the future growth and improvement of Lynn. He was for a time a member of the Common Council of the city, but he was too busy a man to continue long in public oflSce. His name is intimately connected with the progressof his adopted city. He was treasurer of the Exchange Hall, the Sagamore Hotel, the Lynn Market-House, and the Lynn City Improvement Companies. It is to his organization of this latter company that Lynn owes the laying out of Central Avenue, the finest and most substantial street in the city. Having secured control of nearly all the land lying between the Central station and the City Hall, he associated with him many of Lynn's leading capitalists and laid out this wide avenue, which has proved to be one of the greatest improvements ever made in Lynn. At the time the project was started it met with violent opposition from the owners of land on Market Street, who feared the depreciation of their property ; but time has shown that the improvement has rather enhanced the value of their land. Mr. Woodbury's firm belief in the future of Lynn led him to invest all his savings in real estate, frequently at what were considered high prices, but time has confirmed his judgment. In 1867, after twenty-five years of labor, he sold his business, and, with his family, enjoyed a well-earned holiday in Europe. Seven months were spent in Paris at the time when Napoleon III, then in the height of his glory, was entertaining the crowned heads of the world, and making Paris the most brilliant capital of Europe. The remainder of a year was spent in visiting the principal cities of the continent and in Southern Italy. On his return Mr. Woodbury accepted the presidency of the Exchange Insurance Comjjany, an organization composed largely of Lynn capitalists, but in eighteen months resigned from the position, and has not since been in active business. His leisure is largely occupied in the collection of books and engravings, and he is especially interested in extra illustrated books, of which he has a considerable collection. He still retains a summer residence in Lynn, but spends the winter months in Boston or in traveling. He is a member of the Bostonian Society, the Boston Art Ckib, the Grolier Club of New York and other kindred organizations.

Mr. Woodbury U a Unitarian, and was for many years a trustee of the Second Congregational Church of Lynn. In politics he was one of the original Free- Soilers, voting for Martin Van Buren in 1848, and was afterwards a steady Republican until 1883, when, dissatisfied with the nomination of James G. Blaine for President, he became an Independent voter. He has two children, Marcia E., wife of Edward P. Parsons, and John, a lawyer, practising in Boston.

Mr. Woodbury's career illustrates the fact that in this country every avenue to business success is open through steady, unremitting effort, to an earnest and reliable working man ; and, better still, that through all his toil a man may carry tastes which will furnish him with delightful occupation and keen enjoyment in time of leisure.

William F. Morgan

Mr. Morgan was born in Bellingham, Mass., January 2, 1889, and was a son of William F. Morgan, who was a lineal descendant from Miles Morgan, one of the early settlers of Springfield, Mass.

Miles Morgan with two brothers, James and John, sailed from Bristol, England, in March, 1636, and arrived at Boston in the following April. The family removed to Bristol from Llandaif, in Wales, a few years before the sons emigrated to New England. Miles, the youngest of the three was born in 1615, and on his arrival in Boston, or shortly after, he joined a party of emigrants, mostly from Roxbury, of whom Col. William Pynchon was the head, and settled in Springfield. The land first occupied by the settlers in that place is now traversed by the Main Street, and was divided into shares and distributed among them by lot. The tract allotted to Mr. Morgan extended from Main Street to the river, on the south side of what was once called Ferry Lane.

About the year 1643 he married Prudence Gilbert of Beverly, having made the acquaintance of the family during the voyage from England, and the tradition of the family invests the matrimonial alliance with the romance of a courtship at sea, a separation for years, an offer by letter carried by a messenger through the wilderness, an acceptance of the offer, a journey to Beverly by the bridegroom and his companions armed with muskets, and a return with the bride one hundred and twenty miles to Springfield their future home.

The mother of these children died January 14, 1660, and Miles married February 15, 1669, Elizabeth Bliss, and had one other child, Nathaniel, born June 14, 1671. His death is recorded as having occurred May 28, 1699.

Nathaniel Morgan, son of Miles, married January 19, 1691, Hannah Bird, and settled on the west side of the Connecticut River in West Springfield, where he died August 30, 1752. His children were, Nathaniel, born February 16, 1692; Samuel, 1694; Ebenezer, 1696; Hannah, 1698; Miles, 1700; Joseph, December 3, 1702; James, 1705; Isaac, 1708; and Elizabeth, 1710.

Joseph Morgan, son of Nathaniel, married in May, 1735, Mary, daughter of Benjamin Stebbins, and lived and died in West Springfield. His death occurred November 7, 1773. His children were, Joseph, born February 19, 1736; Titus, who died in infancy; Titus again, July 19, 1740; Lucas, February 26, 1743; Elizabeth, December 23, 1745; Judah, March 22, 1749; Jesse, twin of Judah, and Hannah, November 29, 1751.

Judah Morgan, son of Joseph, married April 12, 1775, Elizabeth Shivoy. His children were, Festus, born January 12, 1776 ; Elijah, June 2, 1777 ; Richard, March 4, 1779; Amos, November 7. 1780; Elizabeth, June 23, 1787, all of whom were born in Northampton. He died November 13, 1827.

Festus Morgan, son of Judah, married 1799, Submit French of Northampton, and had one child, a son, William F. Morgan, who was born in Northampton, October 6, 1800. He was the father of the subject of this sketch. He learned the business of woolen manufacturing and established himself in that business in Oxford, and a few years later in Bellingham. He married, April 17, 1832, Eliza, daughter of Rufus Russell of New Braintree. His children were, Julius, born and died 1834; William H., born 1836, died 1839; William F., 1839, all of whom were born in Bellingham. He died in Bellingham, August 10, 1839.

William F. Morgan, the subject of this sketch, w^as a son of the above William F., and was born in Bellingham, January 2, 1839. After the death of his father his mother removed with her family to South Milford, where he attended the public schools until he was ten years of age. He then went to live with a relative on a farm in New Braintree, and while there attended the schools of the town and was later a pupil in Day's Academy in Wrentham.

In 1856, at the age of seventeen, he commenced what was in reality his business career, it being then that he entered a shoe store in Providence, R. I. Here he soon developed such aptitude and business capacity that at the age of twenty-one he was offered the posiiion of partner, which offer was accepted.

Lynn was at that time, as it still is, the centre of the great New England shoe manufacture, and perhaps the most promising field for the development of enterprise, the exercise of industry and the investment of capital, known to the trade. He was, therefore, induced to leave Providence and accept the offer of a situation as salesman and book-keeper in one of the largest establishments here. Hither he came in 1861.

After remaining in the situation named till 1864, he commenced manufacturing on his own account, and soon found himself in a prosperous business, which continued so to flourish and increase, that in 1871 he found it expedient to take a partner. The present firm of Morgan & Dore was formed in 1871 and soon became one of the largest, most reputable and successful in the city. In addition to the factory in Lynn, they have established factories in Pittsfield, N. H.> and Richmond, Me., where their liberality and fair dealing have won for them an honorable name, and where the constant employment given to a large number of residents has proved a substantial and highly appreciated benefit to the people.

On the second of June, 1863, Mr. Morgan was united in marriage with Miss Emeline B. Nichols, of Providence, and has two children, William F. (now a student in Trinity College, Hartford, Class of 1888), and Alice L.

Mr. Morgan has not been much in public ofiice, though he has served in the Council. His peculiar fitness for other public service, however, could not remain unrecognized. In charitable enterprises he has always been an active and efficient laborer. He is president of the Board of Associated Charities and a member of the Board of Hospital Managers. He is likewise a trustee of the Five Cents Savings Bank.

In financial matters his skill and forecast have been conspicuous. He was one of the founders of the National Security Bank of Lynn, and has held the position of director ever since its organization.

Few men ever in Lynn have furnished an example more worthy of imitation than Mr. Morgan. His industrious habits, upright dealing, respect for religion, liberal aid in the promotion of worthy objects, and courtesy of manners, have made him one of exceptionally high esteem. And no well-wisher of the community can envy the prosperity of one who has thus risen to rank as one of the foremost citizens.

Charles O. Beede

Charles O. Beede,^ the subject of this sketch, was born in Lynn in 1840. He received his early education in the public schools of that city and of Sandwich, N. H., and added to his store of knowledge by

Being thus equipped theoretically for a business career, he returned to Lynn and entered one of the large shoe manufactories of that city, that he might gain by practical experience the knowledge necessary for business success.

In 1865 he began business for himself, and by untiring industry and honesty of purpose he soon began to climb the rounds of fortune's ladder. His progress was rapid, but he was soon admonished that close application and earnest attention to the cares and responsibilities of an ever-increasing trade demanded in his case a penalty, and in 1872 he was obliged to retire from active business and seek rest and recreation amid the rugged hills and sunny dales of his old New Hampshire home, and for a year rested from his labors.

At the end of that period, being recuperated and thirsting again for the bustle and stir of a busy life, he returned to Lynn, and at once entered the lists, setting the mark for his prize in the establishment of a business that should be favorably known throughout the country.

With a persistency that could not be abated and a zeal that knew no tire, he pushed on until the firm of C. O. Beede was known as the leading firm in New England for the manufacture of boot and shoe supplies, and his name recognized as the name of one who carved his fortune out of the rough stone of opjjortunity.

Mr. Beede is one of those happy men who study and understand the needs of their employees and cultivates the most friendly relations with them.

He gives his entire force an outing once a year, and joins with them in their annual games and dinner, and when the great feast day of the year comes, the day of Thanksgiving, the table of every man in his employ bespeaks the liberality and thoughtfulness of the man they labor for.

Outside of his regular business he pays attention to real estate matters, and shows the same good judgment there, ranking as among the most prominent and successful dealers in the city.

Mr. Beede, like all progressive men, takes a healthful interest in politics, and believes that that system or party is the most right that does the most toward advancing the material, the social and the moral interests of the people.

Being of a social nature it is not to be wondered at that he should make friends, and in answer to their call he has repeatedly looked after the city's interest by serving on the aldermanic board, and he always carried into his public duties the same qualifications that has made of him in his private life a man of mark.

Honest, always earnest in every cause which he knows to be right, a clear thinker and a progressive man, with a mind broad and comprehensive enough

Lynn has been fortunate in numbering, from time to time, among her adopted citizens, those who by their enterprise and other valuable traits, have added to her prosperity and the extension of her good name. And some of these have come from other and distant lands. Such individuals she has always welcomed, and in their fidelity to her interests has secured ample reward. Of this class, few now with us are more worthy of honorable mention than the individual to whom this sketch refers.

Mr. Lennox was born in Kildare, one of the eastern counties of Ireland, a short distance from the city of Dublin, on the first day of August' 1828, and was educated in the national schools. Not much need be said of his boyhood, as it was passed very much like that of other youth about him, with its i^ranks, its aspirations and its incipient loves. But his ambition to " rise in the world," as he entered early manhood, asserted itself, and led to such " prospecting" in regard to the future, as induced him to turn his eye to America, as the most promising field. He then left his native land without a pang, excepting such as naturally arose from the severance of youthful attachments and home associations.

At the age of twenty he found himself in New York, full of youthful ardor and buoyant hope. He landed there in 1848, and without unnecessary delay came to Lynn. Here he immediately entered the employ of Darius Barry, one of our energetic and reputable morocco manufacturers, on Monroe Sti-eet. After serving for three years in a modified sort of apprenticeship, he was competent to accept employment as a journeyman in the establishment of Smith & Clark. Such was his skill, industry and enterjjrise, and his ambition, too, it may be added, that within two years he was able to commence business on his own account.

The shoe business was at that time rapidly growing in Lynn, as machinery was beginning to be introduced in almost every department. This was a fortunate circumstance, and Mr. Lennox had the shrewdness to perceive the tendency of trade, and had established such a reputation for good management, and had, withal, accumulated such an amount of capital that he was able to take advantage of the tide of prosperity. He soon became numbered among our principal morocco manufacturers, and was not deficient in ample means. His business rapidly extended, and he has now about a hundred and twenty-five workmen busily employed. He has a salesroom in Boston, which was established in 1877 ; and at his factory, in Market Street, Lynn, large sales are constantly being made.

It was in 1871 that he built his fine business building in Market Street, opposite the station of the Narrow Gauge Railroad. It was one of the best buildings in the city at the time of its erection, and is still an ornament to the street which has now so many handsome structures. And in noticing this building a correspondent of one of the journals of the day remarks as follows ;

" Every traveler on the Boston and Maine Railroad, while passing through Market Street, Lynn, has doubtless observed the substantial and handsome store and factory belonging to Patrick Lennox, who commenced business as a morocco dresser in early life, and has steadily built up a business and trade, now ranking among the first in the State with substantial tokens of his stability. His quiet, gentlemanly demeanor and carefully chosen words will not at first view impress one that be is possessed of the vital force and energy of character that has placed him among the first of the business men of the city. His candor, probity and intelligence makes him a marked man in the community, and his countrymen take especial pride in noting his prosperity in which they are joined by all the citizens. As his name indicates he is a native of Ireland, but so Americanized that none would suspect it from his speech and appearance. He is an honor to both his native and adopted country, loyal and true to both, a self-made, successful business man, deserving of his good fortune."

Mr. Lennox has usually avoided appearing much in public life, having no as^jiratious for official position. It would, no doubt, have been beneficial to the interests of the city had he been less chary in this respect, for his good judgment and pacific course would many times have saved from indiscreet expenditures, unprofitable discussions and mischievous disagreements. He has, however, held office as director in the National City Bank of Lynn, from January, 1882.

Six years after he arrived in Lynn, that is, in 1854, he was united in marriage with Miss Bridget Clark, and they became the parents of eight children - two sons and six daughters.

It will be seen that Mr. Lennox is not by any means an old man, certainly not in business activity and neighborly sympathies. But he has reached the age when it has become experimentally certain that a course like his, of industry, temperance and upright dealing are, under all ordinary circumstances, sufficient to ensure wealth and honorable social standing. And herein he furnishes an example worthy of imitation by all youths who have the good of the community and themselves truly at heart.

George Harrison Allen

Mr. Allen belongs to one of the oldest families in New England. His ancestor, William Allen, though not one of the Plymouth colony, came to New England not long after the arrival of the Pilgrims, and, after a short residence at Nantasket, now Hull, removed to Salem immediately after the arrival of John Endicott at that place, in 1629. At Salem he mar- ried, in 1629, Elizabeth Bradley, and had a son Samuel, who married Sarah Luck. Samuel had a son Jonathan, who married Mary Pierce, and Jonathan a son Jacob, who married Sarah Lee. Jacob had a son Isaac, who married Rebekah Tewksbury, and Isaac a son Jacob, who married Lucy Gallop, and was the father of Jacob Alva Allen, the father of the subject of this sketch. Jacob Alva Allen was born in Beverly, March 5, 1810, and married Prudence, daughter of Shubel Hire, who came from Ireland and settled in Middlebury, Vermont, where his daughter Prudence was born, November 5, 1807. He afterwards removed from Beverly to Manchester, Massachusetts, and there George Harrison Allen was born, June 21, 1840. In 1847 he removed from Manchester to Methuen, and in 1849 to Lawrence, and in the common schools of the last two towns his son received his education.

At the age of seventeen George Harrison Allen left school to learn the trade of boxmaking, planing and mill-work on lumber, sawing logs and fitting lumber for building. He began at the first rung in the ladder, and learned the trade thoroughly from shoveling shavings into the fire-room to the clerk's chair in the counting-room. In 1865 he removed from Lawrence to Lynn, and entered into partnership with Joseph A. Boyden, for the manufacture of paper and wood packing-boxes. At the end of two years, Joseph having died, he formed a new partnership with William C. Boyden, of Beverly, under the firmname of Allen & Boyden, and has since carried on the same business, manufacturing both at Lynn and Beverly a product valued at about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars per annum. Mr. Allen has always devoted himself with energy and industry to his chosen work, and, though he has shared with others business losses and disasters by fire, he has by the display of a determined spirit overcome obstacles in his way and won his full measure of success.

Mr. Allen, though often importuned and at times strongly tempted, has always refused to accept or seek public office. He has believed that the demands of his business were entitled to all his time, and that an entrance into the political arena and a participation in its contests would necessarily distract his mind and divert his attention from the management of his legitimate pursuits.

Mr. Allen has been placed in offices of responsibility and trust in various Masonic bodies, having been at the head of the Golden Fleece Lodge, Sutton Chapter, and Olivet Coramandery. In the Grand Commandery of Knights Templars, and appendant order of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, he has passed the chairs of Grand Captain General, Grand General and Deputy Grand Commander, which office he now holds. He has also passed the chairs of the Palestine Encampment of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having been its Chief Patriarch.

He married, December 26, 1864, Sarah Luella, daughter of Eben and Temperance Mclntire, of Lancaster, N. H., and resides in Lynn, where his business headquarters are located at 188 Broad Street. He is in the prime of life, and with health and strength his continued prosperity and success are assured.