Morgan County, Ohio - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 11 of those read), 1886

Military

Volunteer Militia - Eaiu.y Organizations in Morgan County - The Mexican Campaign - Morgan County's Part Therein - Morgan in the Rebellion - The First Company - The Seventeenth Ohio Regiment - Twenty-fifth Regiment - Eighteenth Regiment - Captain Scott's Cavalry Company - Seventeenth (Three Years) Regiment - Seventy-seventh Regiment - Seventy-eighth Regiment - Eighty-sixth Regiment - Ninety-seventh Regiment - One Hundred and Twenty-second Regiment - Ninth Cavalry - One Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment, O, N. G. - First Regiment Heavy Artillery - One Hundred and Eighty-second Regiment - Reminiscences of Prison Experience.

(~\NE of the defensive measures of J our country has been an enrolled militia and government inducements to form volunteer organizations. Hence we find the militia of our county at its formation constituting a regiment, with Alexander McConnel as colonel, attached to a brigade under the command of General Brown, of Athens County.

In 1825 Morgan militia formed a brigade of two regiments, of which Colonel McConnel was elected brigadier-general, Francis A. Barker colonel of the 1st and Erastus Hoskins colonel of the 2d Regiment. Each regiment consisted of eight companies, with the equivalent number of captains, lieutenants and non-commisioned officers; also, one or more volunteer companies attached to each regiment. The State law required each company to muster once by itself and once with the regiment each year; also a separate parade of the officers of the regiment annually.

General musters were at that day important institutions. They are of the past, the like of which we shall never see again. The following graphic description of a general training or muster is from -Judge Gaylord's reminiscences of Morgan County :

In the early settlement of the county general musters were held annually, and the "muster men" of the county, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, were regularly enrolled and required to perform two days' military duty each year or subject themselves to fines and penalties. In 1820 there was but one regiment in the county, and for some years it met for muster on the farm of Joseph Devereaux, in the township of Bristol, that being the most central and suitable point. As the population of the county increased a brigade was created, with Alex. McConnel the first brigadiergeneral. After the creation of the brigade McConnelsville was first honored by a general muster of the 1st Regiment, the first general parade held in the village. The regiment was eight hundred strong, and was formed on Center street, with its right resting in front of E. Corner's tavern, and marched thence for drill and military exercise into a stake-and-ridered stubble field, situated to the north of Center street and extending back to the break of the hill.

Ample space was here found for all the military maneuvers in vogue at that day, and for a full display of official military knowledge and dignity. In this field the colonel, with his staff and the other field officers, first appeared with the regiment for drill. Preparatory to the formation and parade of the regiment companies were formed, "ranked and sized" in different parts of the village. Each company supplied itself with a drum and fife, and kept up an interminable racket all day, and about those noisy musical instruments might be found congregated all the boys of village and country, who in their youthful opinions estimated the drummer and fifer as the greatest men in the regiment. All over the village might be seen the sergeants of companies lustily calling for the privates to

When the men of the company were got well together the captain would make his appearance, bedizened with his uniform, which in those primitive military days consisted of a faded cloth with rows of brass buttons down in front, a faded and rusty epaulet, an old time sword fastened to li is side by a muchworn and faded morocco belt, a large, rusty brass buckle, a common hat, with a white plume made of geese feathers, stuck under a cockade made of red, white and blue flannel, and would take his position in front of the company with drawn sword, and command: "Attention, company ! Front face ! Company rank and size, tall men to the front! Little men to the left! March!" Then there was some commotion among the privates to find their positions. After the company became settled the captain would again command : "Attention, company ! Look to the right ! " Then all eyes were turned to the right of the company to make the line straight. The captain would then put the company through the " manual in arms," commencing, " order arms, shoulder arms, present arms, support arms, trail arms, prepare to load, draw ramrod, handle cartridge, ram down cartridge, return ramrod, prime, order arms."

All this was done in a short space of time, with perhaps only twenty guns in a company of one hundred men, and the guns of all patterns, shapes and sizes, from the squirrel rifle to the old Revolutionary musket with flint lock. After this performance he would command the company to mark time, the captain then taking position to the extreme right of the company, and under a full flow of martial music he stood calliim- out " right foot, left foot, right foot, left foot, right face, march " ; then after countermarching on the same ground the word was "halt, mark time." The company was then marched to parade-ground and took part in the regimental drill. All was enjoyed and seemed interesting to both militia, and civilians. It is remembered in the days of general musters a company of "corn-stalk" militia, as they were called, from one of the rural districts, was formed in the rear of the old court-house. The captain commanding was supposed to possess some military knowledge and pride, and strove to infuse some of the

Several ludicrous scenes would sometimes occur in the midst of this mimic war. An awkward fellow who had been indulging too freely at the village bar appeared in the ranks at loose ends. The captain, observing his situation and condition, cried out, "Jim Stokes, stand up, there, pull up them legs, one foot at the mouth of Meigs Creek, the other at the mouth of Salt Creek, heels together, toes out, attention company, heads up, silence, order in ranks, quit those city folks making fun of you ? " It took some time to get those noisy, rollicking fellows into military position according to "Cooper," the military tactics consulted at that day. The company being put in shape, the sergeant stepped in front and drew from under his military jacket the musterroll of the company and commenced call in over the same, first the coinmiso

The responses to some of the names afforded much amusement to both bystanders and those in the ranks. The sergeant having a strong voice, and priding himself upon the position he held, acted well his part in the military farce woing on before him. lie commanded the company : "Stand at ease and attend roll-call," thereupon some sat down, some lay down in every conceivable position, which convenience or a love of fun might dictate, others stood up awaiting the call. She sergeant, with roll in hand, and a pin to mark the absentees with a prick, called the name of Peter Stockley, who answered, " I am here." Patrick Holden. "It's me ve are after; I am here, my lord." Silas Smith. Some one in the ranks, after calling his name three times, as was the rule, cried out, " Prick him down ; run off to Vaginny." Enoch Strong. " Cut his foot ; can't walk." Simon Snediker. " Wife sick." Noble Waterman. "Prick him down; gone West and quit the business." John Williams. "Prick him down; got married last night." John McQuade. " Prick him down ; gone after the Clanororas." Ned Jones. "Prospecting for silver on Salt Creek ; prick him down." Pat Kinney. " After his runaway buzzard." John Carrol. " Sick at Mutton burg," and so on to the end of the roll were the absentees burlesqued, excused or accounted for by those in the ranks. It was often the case that such scenes took place at roll-call as that above related. Not having access to the muster-rolls, we have been compelled to supply the names of those who were "pricked down" as absent with the excuses produced. Many of the people looked upon these military demonstrations as of no great importance, and as each year they became more and more farcical they were ultimately discontinued altogether.

In the early settlement of the West the rifle was the favorite weapon of offense and defense recognized by the pioneer, the hunter or Indian-fighter, and very readily gave to the volunteer or independent companies the name of " Riflemen."

Of the rifle companies attached to the two regiments in 1833 a battalion was formed, with Amos Conway as lieutenant-colonel and Eli Corby major, with occasional changes afterward as resignations occurred.

There appears about this time to have been a military epidemic, and an artillery company was raised with Timothy Gray lord captain ; John B. Stone first lieutenant and Robert Pinkerton, second lieutenant. On the resignation of ( 'aptain Gaylord John B. Stone was promoted to captain, Robert Pinkerton first lieutenant, and after one or more changes Jacob R. Price was elected captain.

To both of these organizations the State furnished arms and accoutrements; to the cavalry, swords, belts, pistols, holsters, etc., and to the artillery a well mounted six-pound fieldpiece, with all the paraphernalia necessary at least to make some noise in the world, and a full complement of muskets, cartridge-boxes, etc. The pistols and muskets were of the flint-lock pattern.

After a time these organizations became demoralized, and the most of the arms, muskets, swords, pistols, holsters, belts, etc., were stored in one of the upper rooms of the old courthouse, subject to be drawn by any person who desired to use them for amusement or to shoot crows and blackbirds that interfered with the initial corn crop, or to use the swords to cut the crop at maturity. The field-piece, which could not be applied to any agricultural or median ical use, was permitted to occupy any given space on tlx; street until some of the juveniles desired to hear "the cannon's deaf'ning roar" on the 4th of July or some other jubilant occasion, when it was subject to capture - and storage until wanted - bv " the boys" on either side of the river, and on one occasion for temporary safety was deposited in the river. Finally some ambitious youths loaded it to the muzzle with powder and sod, and with a slow match produced its last echo through the hills. But its use on one 4th of July yet lingers in the memory of one who passed unscathed through the Mexican war and now wears a coat with an empty sleeve.

In 1834 General McConnel resigned and John E. Hanna was elected his successor. On his resignation in 1840 (having being elected president judge of the court of common pleas) John S. Love was elected to the vacancy, and on his resignation in 1846 Colonel James Cornelius was elected. For some time the military ardor through the entire State had been on the wane, becoming decidelv unpopular, and especially so from local causes in our county, and perhaps this was why General Cornelius was the last of the brigadiers.

That these military organizations were beneficial is probable ; they may have served to some extent to keep up the spirit, with an incentive to the study of military tactics. But the annual parades afforded favorable opportunities to candidates for civil official place, to make the acquaintance of the voters of the county and to anxiously inquire after the health of their families.

The Mexican War

Though apparently dormant, military ardor was readily aroused by the music of the fife and drum. This was apparent in June, 1S46, when in answer to a call from the Governor for volunteers for Mexico General Love ordered the militia of the county to assemble in Mot lonnelsville. The order was prompt- ly obeyed by the "unorganized and undisciplined," and after eloquent appeals to their patriotism by General Love, Honorable J. E. Ilanna and others, more than one hundred stepped to the front and enrolled their names under the banner of "our country, right or wrong," as the Morgan Riflemen.

From the number who volunteered a company of eighty-three was organized. General Love was elected captain, Tartus Lindly first and Austin Hawkins second lieutenants. The captain immediately reported to Major-General C. B. Goddard, receiving officer at Zanesville for the district, and in a few days the company was ordered to Cincinnati. Previous to its departure the company was mustered on the parade ground, when Honorable -I. E. Hanna presented the captain with a sword, which he carried through the war, not as captain but as major of the third regiment - three regiments being the complement for the State.

In a few days after their arrival at Cincinnati the 1st and 2d Regiments were organized, and Captain Love's company was one of the ten companies required to complete the 3d, to which it was attached; but in the course of a week or ten days all the company, except the captain, were at home ! "Why? was the inquiry. A major for the 3d Regiment was to be elected, and with Captain Love's company m the regiment the election to that place of a young man from Muskingum County who was not a volunteer but a candidate was rather doubtful; but in order to secure it the company (of eighty-three men) was thrown out and another (of only fifty) substituted. This, of course, produced remonstrance from the captain and other officers, but it was of no avail ; the company Avas discharged and furnished with transportation home; but as a retributive measure Love's friends determined to defeat the Muskingum candidate, which result they effected, electing Love, who remained with the regiment as major until discharged at Buena Vista.

Although the deeds of noble daring on the mountains and plains of Mexico, and the occupation of the capital of the Aztecs, furnished a luminous record of the American soldier, yet the magnitude of the events following the fifteen subsequent years pales their luster and gives to their memory the features of a dream.

Both combatants were Americans, and shoulder to shoulder had breasted the storms of war and driven back the hosts of Santa Anna at Buena Vista and Chapultepec. Nor in the history of the world's wars was there ever more display of indomitable courage, more determination to do or die, than was evinced on the battlefields of the rebellion by both belligerents.

It would afford a proud and grateful pleasure, not unmingled with melancholy remembrances, to trace the braves of Morgan County who responded to the first and each successive call for the defense of the "stars and stripes"; to go with them in their marches through the storms of the elements; to stand with them as they breasted the more intense death-dealing storm of bullets and shrieking shells; to stanch their bleeding wounds; to receive their last dying messages to their fond mothers or widowed wives, or to tell of the more than Spartan bravery with which they stood up for the Union while confined in the loathsome prisons of the South, starving and (lying in the midst of filth, wretchedness and rags ; but this, instead of lines or pages, would require volumes, therefore we make mention of only the most important events in which the soldiers of Morgan County participated. As a matter of connected history it is proper to state that disunion was first engendered in South Carolina, and after more than twenty-five years of threat and delay for an ostensible cause for development the presidential election of 1880 was made the pretext, and on the 20th of December, 1860 the ordinance of secession was passed.

When the not-unlooked-for tidings came a call was immediately made for a mass-meeting of the county, which was held in McConnelsville on the 1st day of January, 1861, attended by citizens of most of the townships. Honorable J. E. Hanna was appointed chairman, and James A. Adair secretary, -lames M. Gaylord, E. W. Wood, James Moore, George A. Vincent, Enoch Dye, and F. Ik Pond, the committee for the purpose, reported resolutions of the -Jacksonian stamp, that the Union must, shall and will be preserved.

On the 18th of April, when it was announced that the first gun had been fired by the rebels on Fort Sumter - where the rebel secretary of war (L. P. Walker) exultingly said, "the ball is opened'1 - and that the president had made a call for 75,000 men, a disposition to respond was immediately manifested, the stripes of the Union were raised on the dome of the courthouse, and another meeting was called.

In the meantime Honorable J. E. Hanna, Honorable F. B. Pond and others were engaged in raising a company of volunteers responsive to Morgan's quota of the call. On Monday, tlie 28th of April, the "Morgan Guard," F. B. Pond captain, Amos Whissen first lieutenant, Amos W. Ewing second lieutenant, was mustered in in front of the court house, and after a short and appreciated speech Rev. W. M. Grimes presented, in behalf of a committee of ladies, a beautiful flag which they had prepared, which was received on behalf of the Guards by Honorable .1 . E. Hanna. The scene was impressive, and is not vet forgotten by the donors or recipients who yet live to "fight their battles over."

It is proper to state that Judge Hanna was named as captain for the company, but declined on account of age. He, however, went with the company to Lancaster on the 7th of May, where it was mustered into the 17th Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three months, J. M. Connell, colonel, F. B. Pond, lieutenant-colonel, W. II. Floyd, captain, Amos Whissen first and A. W. Ewing second lieutenants.

At Parkersburg the regiment was brigaded with the 9th and loth Ohio, under General Rosecrans, and in detachments was designed to operate against the guerrillas of the vicinity. In this duty Company II was prominent, traveling for that purpose long, weary miles over the mountainous regions of that portion of West Virginia. With the guerrillas of that region was Gov- ernor Wise (famous only for t lie hanging1 of John Brown), who swore as only the F. F. V.'s of that day could swear that he would "annihilate the Yankees on sight." But the particular attention paid to him by so many Buckeyes disgusted him with the business, and he left one of his strongholds between two days for a more genial locality.

Green, Jesse A. Green, Timothy W. Gray, Samuel C. Hedges, William. Henderson, John. Hosom, A. F. Harvey, Austin. Harvey, John A. Hibler, William G. Biff, John F.

On the afternoon of the mass meeting (April 27, 1861,) Judge Hanna, S. McCaslin, Charles H. Bean and others commenced the enrollment of another company, obtaining more than half the number during the afternoon, and by the 2d of May organized with Suelam McCaslin captain, Charles Bean first and George Newman second lieutenants. The company was raised for the three months' service, but after organization reported and tendered service for three years.

Judge Hanna went with the company to Columbus and left it in camp on the 7th of June. The company was accepted and attached to the 25th Regiment, but before it was mustered into the service, through some intrigue originating in the governor's office (as was then partly, and afterward more fully developed), a dissatisfaction was engendered between the men and officers, in consequence of which the ' officers resigned and the company was disbanded. The captain with a part of the company returned home. Some twenty-five or thirty remained in camp and joined the company of Captain Seaton, of Richland County, 20th Regiment, in which Charles Bean was appointed first and Luther Timberlake second lieutenant.

The 26th Regiment (Colonel Edward R. Fyffe) was organized at Camp Chase in -July, 1861, and performed its first service in the Upper Kanawha Valley, remaining in the valley till January, | when it was put in Colonel M. S. Hascall's brigade, General Thomas J. Wood's division, m which it remained till October, 1863, serving with the Army of the Cumberland in the 21st and 22d corps from September, 1862, to October, 1863; then it became a part of the 2d brigade, 2d division, -1th (Granger's) corps. It witnessed much hard marching- and lighting, among1 other movements taking part in the Nashville campaign, siege of Corinth, movement against Murfreesboro, battles of Stone River, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, etc. At Mission Ridge it met with great loss of life, by this time its numbers becoming reduced (after the close of the battle) to less than 200 men. -January 1, 1864, the soldiers of the regiment reenlisted almost to a man and served, doing considerable lighting and skirmishing in Georgia, Tennessee, and Texas, until mustered out October 21, 1865.

following abbreviations have been used in the compilation of these rosters: E., enlisted; m. o., mustered out; m. o. w. c., mustered out with company; dis., I

By permission from the governor, about the 15th of June, L. R. Green, F. A. Davis and others engaged in raising a company for the three-years service, and on Tuesday, the 25th, with a number of citizens, met at the town hall to elect officers. On motion of C. Mc- Gaw F. W. Wood was appointed chairman and C. MoGaw secretary of this meeting.

L. R. Green and F. A. Davis were nominated for captain. The latter declined. A vote was then taken by yeas and nays, and when the chair decided that Green was elected eighteen of the number who had voted for Davis left the hall, and refused, after urgent solicitations from Davis to take any further part in the company. F. A. Davis was then unanimously elected first lieutenant. When the name of George Newman was announced for second lieutenant the chair decided that a vote on the nomination was not in order - but that it was the governor's province to make the a])] (ointment.

special attention of the lieutenant went by rail to Columbus, and marched into camp at 2 a. m. on the 26th. The company was attached to the 25th Regiment, and although not having the requisite numbers, by the exertions of the lieutenant and the assistance of the captain of another company of the regiment, it was mustered into the service as Company II and commissions presented to Captain L. R. Green, First Lieutenant F. A. Davis, and to Second Lieutenant John T. Wood The latter appointment was unexpected to the company ; but as they had been mustered into the service with apparently their full quota there was no remedy, vet more dissatisfaction was manifested than was consistent with military discipline, and only by the influence of Lieutenant Davis was it quieted. The next week's Herald called for " 10 or 15 men to fill up the company." In July the regiment was ordered to West Virginia, and stationed along the Baltimore A Ohio Railroad, from Oakland to the Ohio River, where it remained for some four or five weeks, occasionally interfering with gangs of bushwhackers. In August the regiment reported to General Reynolds, at Beverly, Va., and after a rest from a fatiguing march wended its way up Cheat Mountain, and encamped on the summit. The soldiers found a cold clime here, and having been constantly on duty or in the fort unprovided with overcoats, and a goodly number without shoes or blankets, they realized some of the discomforts of military life, but with little or no murmuring.

While on Cheat Mountain a train on its way to the valley for rations was surprised and captured by the rebels. Companies D and II. were immediately dispatched in pursuit. Company H. soon met them, and being' reinforced, drove them to their main support, and after a day's fighting with a superior force brought the supplies to the summit.

But space will not permit to descriptively follow them to their C'hancellorsville campaign, nor to the surprise by Stonewall Jackson, in which the regiment lost 17 killed, 120 wounded and 30 missing; nor to the bloody field of Gettysburg, nor with them through Maryland and Virginia, or on their march with Sherman to the sea, but leave them at the muster out, in Columbus, on the 18th of June, 1866, after having been in service over five years.

Killed In Battle

This company was recruited at McConnelsville, September 1. 1861, and went into camp at Parkersburg September 15. After being equipped it marched to Guyandotte', Va., where it was encamped until April 18, 1862, pierforming duty, scouting, drilling, etc. It was with the expedition to Prestonburg, Ky., January., 5, 1862, where the rebel general Ilumpihrey Marshall was routed with his whole force. Apiril 10, 1862, the comjiany marched to the Kanawha Valley, and thence to Giles C. H., where it was engaged under General Williams. Being compelled to fall back, by reason of the superior numbers of the enemy, it retired to Princeton, and there joined the force under General Cox. After remaining two months at that place the force was ordered to Summerville, where it remained until September 2, 1S62. When the federal forces retreated from the valley to Point Pleasant, October 2<>.

i the compiany was doing a great deal of picket and scouting duty. The expeditions of note were those of Sinking Creek, where the rebels were completely surprised, and nearly all of [ their equipage, stores, cattle and horses, captured ; and of Lewisburg, May 2,

November 3, 1SG3, they marched to Lewisburg, where the rebels were routed by Generid Averhill and tlieir equipage and stores ctiptured, also over one hundred head of cattle which the enemy were driving out of the county. The companv marched over 5,500 miles and were engaged in the battles of Opequan, Fisher's Hill, Lynchburg, Cedar Creek, Waynesboro, Wytheville and Petersburg.

While in camp at Summerville, in the summer of 1862, they were commanded to fall back. At Ganiev Bridge there were some quartermaster's stores which they were ordered to destroy, among which was a quantity of whisky. R L. Coburn was put in command of a squad of men for this purpose. One of his command was an Irishman by the name of Pat Bradley, who in spite of Coburn's commands drank a large quantity of the whisky. Hardly had they finished the work of destruction before the confederates began to shell them, and they were obliged to make a precipitate retreat, and old Pat, unable to ride or walk, was thrown into an ambulance drunk as a lord. After rejoining the company they were ordered to make a reconnoisance up the river. Mistaking some I nion troops for rebels, a retreat was ordered, in which Coburn's horse fell and broke his neck, and pinning Coburn to the ground. Through the assistance of an orderly he got on his feet and joined the companv, where he appropriated old Pat's horse. At daylight the next morning the rebels made a charge, and again the company retreated, and old Pat being without a horse seized the tail of the horse of William Lighthizer, in spite of his remonstrances, and thus made his escape. The next day Coburn reminded Pat of the good advice he had given him, but Pat, with his Irish shrewdness, insisted that it was not the whisky but the steam that had got up his nose that had inebriated him.

This regiment was recruited in the summer and fall of 1891 and organized at Camp Dennison. Company F was partly raised in Morgan County, fortyone of its members being from Homer Township. John Jumper, of Beverly, recruited the company and was made its captain. Robert R. Danford, of Mountsville, was first lieutenant, and William B. Williams, of Ringgold, second lieutenant. The organization of the regiment was completed November -1, 1861, and on the 6th of the month it started for Louisville to report to General Sherman. On the 15th, at Elizabethtown, it was organized into a brigade under Colonel Turchin, of the 19th Illinois, the division being commanded by General O. M. Mitchell. The regiment remained at Elizabethtown a month, moved thence to Bacon Creek, and remained about two months. In February the brigade proceeded to Bowling Green and to Nashville. After the taking of Nashville General Mitchell's command, which was an independent one, proceeded to Huntsville, Ala., taking possession of the country, and causing the rebels to fall hack as he advanced. At Huntsville, April 11, about 300 prisoners were captured, seventeen locomotives, 150 cars and quite a quantity of supplies. The 1 st 1 1 was detailed to work the railroad. Tuscumbia was next occupied by a small force, including the 18th. The regiment was then ordered to Athens to guard the railroad. May 1 the pickets of Colonel Stanley were attacked by Scott's rebel cavalry, and the regiment held the rebels in check three hours, against great odds, then retreated toward Huntsville. Subsequently a skirmish occurred in which three of the regiment were killed and several wounded.

May 31 the regiment joined the brigade at Fayetteville and marched thence for Chattanooga across the mountains, 240 miles in twelve days. At Battle Creek the regiment built fortifications and remained till July 11, moving thence across the Cumberland Mountains to Elk River, and to Cowan, Tullahoma and Manchester, guarding- the railroad. It was the last regiment to leave Manchester with Buell's retreating column. At Nashville the 18th was put in a, new brigade under Colonel Stanley (of the 18th), and with another brigade was left for the defense of the city. ( Alone I Stanley commanded the brigade from September 10, 1862, till after the battle of Chickamauga. At Stone River the regiment took a conspicuous part. At Chickamauga the regiment gallantly participated in the closing operations of the fight, not arriving sooner. Sergeant-Major George Hewitt, and John I m body, of Company II, were commended in the colonel's report for gallantly rescuing the regimental colors. The regiment performed engineering duty, hospital duty, etc., at Chattanooga, until October 20, when it was ordered to Cam]) Chase, and then1 m listen'd out November 9, ls64. Over 150 reenlisted as veterans, and

Transferred

Immediately after the muster-out for the three months (August 15, 1861) successful efforts were made to reorganize for three years; and the regiment as organized assembled at Camp Dennison on the 30th, where it was drilled until the last of September.

About the 1st of September Amos A. Whissen, who laid been 1st lieutenant, in Company II, 17th Regiment, the first company raised in Morgan County, commenced raising a company, which was completed by the 19tli. On the 23rd they met and elected Amos A. Whissen captain, Daniel Sheets first and Theodore Stewart second lieutenant, and left for Camp Dennison in the afternoon of the same day. ( )n the 30th the regiment was ordered to Camp Dick Robinson, Ky., where it reported on the 2d of October, 1861. From there it marched and took part in the battle of Wild Cat, with seven wounded. At Mill Spring it had a : share in the defeat of Zollicoffer, and in skirmishes during the siege of Corinth preceding. At the battle of Stone River the regiment was actively and efficiently engaged, and went into line in that battle at I p. m. (December 31) and charged on and drove the rebel general Hanson's brigade, killing him and one hundred of the rank and file, with a loss of twenty wounded. At Mission Ridge, though in the rear line in the commencement, it was at the front when the top of the bill was attained.

After the organization as veterans the regiment went with Sherman to the sea, with him through the Carolinas, took part in the battle of Bentonville, passed in review before the president at Washington, and was mustered out of service at Louisville, Ky., July, 1865.

Second Lieutenant, Townsend L. Simpson, e. Jan. 8, 1863, as first sergt. ; pro. to second lieut.; was honorably dis. on account of wo. rec. in the battle of Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863.

Miscellaneous

Company 1> was raised simultaneously with Company A, of the 17th Regiment, and on Wednesday, the 1st of October, organized, and elected \V. II.

Movcl captain, F. M. Kayler first and .1. W. Pinkerton second lieutenants, and A. J. Fonts as first orderly, and reported at Camp Goddard, Zanesville, on the 2d.

On or about the 1st of November the regiment was organized - though not yet having quite the complete number of companies - with F. P. Pond, colonel; S. C. Steel, lieutenant-colonel; D. Debois, major, and Forest Hunter, adjutant.

On Friday, the 15tli of November, six companies of the regiment passed down the river, having been ordered from Camp Goddard to Camp Putnam, at Marietta, under the temporary command of Colonel Craig, of the 63d Regiment.

Rumors soon became current that the 62d was to be consolidated with the 63d, in which there were less than three full companies, and Colonel Pond superseded. On Saturday, the 16th, Colonel Craig issued an order for dress parade by all the companies in camp at 4 p. m. One company of the 62d refused to go on parade, and members of the other companies who responded to the order displayed on their hats " 62d or nothing," " Colonel Pond or nobody," declaring that they would not be commanded by Colonel Craig - that they would die for their rights as they were willing to die for their country.

On Saturday night, the 30th, the recalcitrant six companies of the 62d passed up the river on the steamers "Potwin" and "Jonas Powell," on their return to Camp Goddard, well pleased that they could Pond-er over the disappointment of others. The regiment left Camp Goddard after dark on the 17th of January, 1862,

There was probably no other regiment from Ohio that performed more active service on the battlefield or on continuous fatiguing marches than did the 62d. Follow it from Eellaire, on the Ohio, through Maryland and Virginia, through North and South Carolina, marching and countermarching, east and west. On the 23d of March, 1862, the regiment was at the battle of Winchester. It had a skirmish at Mt. Jackson on the 25th. On the 5th of J une, near Port Republic, the regiment, with two advance brigades, met Stonewall Jackson, and after a hard fight of two hours was compelled to retire. On the 4th of January, 1863, the regiment went by transport to Beaufort, N. C.-, thence by rail to Newbern, and on the 25th by steamer to Port Royal, S. C. ; on the 8th of February encamped on Helena Island ; on the 3d of April crossed over to Folly Island; on the 7th to Morris Island, where, after a hard-fought battle, the rebels were driven from their intrenchments with the loss of fourteen siege guns and all their camp equipage.

On the 18th of July the assault was made on Fort Wagner, in which the regiment, with the two companies from- Morgan, was a prominent feature. In this unnecessary and precarious attempt the Union forces sustained a loss of 1,500 men killed, wounded and missing. Of this number the loss of the 6 2d was 150.

Subsequently the regiment took part in the siege of Charleston, which lasted until the 23d of October, when it returned to Folly Island. In January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted, and after the furlough of thirty days rendezvoused at Washington, and was sent to the front and took part in all the contests that raged around the rebel capital. On the 26th it was engaged in an assault made on the rebel works below Petersburg, Ya., and was foremost in the assault on Fort Gregg and in the battle of Appomattox, Ya.

In September the regiment was consolidated with the 67th, which had been almost continuously with it through all its marches. Company I was partly recruited by Basil Rogers and Perley B. Johnson (son of Dr. P. B. Johnson) and partly by Henry S. Williams, of Noble County. It reported at Camp God dart I after the return of the visit of the six companies from Marietta, and was attached to the 62d, and with Company" B participated in all the marches and battles of the regiment, and, until his unfortunate death, Captain Rogers was always in the hour of danger found at the head of Company I.

Captain Basil Rogers was killed at Folly Island by one of his guard. lie had gone the rounds about 12 o'clock and had started back toward the camp, but having some additional instructions to impart, turned back for that purpose when within a short distance of one of the posts, but from the darkness of the night and thick growth of underbrush he lost his way, and was shot by the guard.

1829. He studied for the ministry, and in 1853 commenced his ministerial labors. Two years later lie was called to the Deavertown conference, where he labored successfully for several years. He was commissioned chaplain of the 62d O. Y. I., and was with the command until it was mustered out of the service.

In the fall of 1861, by the indefatigable exertions of Colonel Hildebrand, the 77th Regiment was recruited and organized at Marietta, and mustered into service about the 1st of February, 1862.

Immediately after organization, and before it was fully equipped, the regiment was ordered to Camp Dennison. On the 17th of February, 1862, it was ordered to report to General Sherman, at Paducah, and on the 20th was assigned to Sherman's Division of Grant's army, and with the 53d and 56th formed the 3d Brigade under Colonel Hildebrand. On the 9tli of March the Division joined an expedition under Major-General F. 0. Smith to the mouth of the Tennessee River, thence down the Mississippi, disembarking at Pittsburg Landing. On the 18th of March moved out two miles from the Landing and went into camp at Shiloh Church. On the 1st of April the regiment was ordered up the river to Eastport, Miss., to ascertain the force and position of the enemy at luka, where it had its first skirmish, and returned to Pittsburg m time to take part in the battle of the 5th and 7th of April, 1862, in which the regiment occupied a prominent position during the two entire days, only leaving the field on the 7th when night ended the tight. On the

8th the regiment was in the advance in pursuit of the retreating foe, during which time they were charged by Forrest's cavalry; but, fortunately, by the coming it]) of the 53d Ohio, the rebels were driven back. In this action the regiment numbered only 250 men and 13 officers. The entire loss during the three days in killed, wounded and missing was 220.

The regiment was with Sherman during the siege of Corinth; afterward encamped in Fort Pickering, at Memphis, in charge of military prisoners; left Memphis on the 31st of -Inly, 1863, with a full complement of men, and was assigned to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division of Steel's Arkansas expedition. On the 23d of December, 1863, the regiment reenlisted and left for Columbus, and after thirty days' furlough was ordered to Little Rock, Arkansas, thence to Shreveport, La., and was engaged in the skirmish in the vicinity of Arkadelphia.

On the 22d of April, 1864, the 77th, under Captain McCormick, with two other regiments, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Drake, of Iowa, was detatched to escort a large train of cars to Pine Bluff for supplies. On the 25th, at Mark's Mills, the escort was attacked in detail by General Fagan's rebel Division. First the two regiments under Colonel Drake, though making a splendid defense, were overpowered before Captain McCormick, three or four miles in the rear, could come to his assistance. When the 77th came up it went into the fight and for two hours kept up the unequal contest, but in vain; and almost the entire number took up their march farther South, and on the 15tli of May reached the prison pens called Cam]) Ford, near Tyler, Texas,

Those not captured formed a company and took part in a fight at -lenkin Ferry, on the Sabine River, in which they lost more than half their number in killed and wounded.

After their exchange (February, 1865) the regiment, under Colonel Steel, was transferred to the Army of the Gulf; was at the capture of Mobile, thence to the Rio Grande and encamped at Brownsville, Texas, from August, 1865, until March 8, 1866, when it was mustered out of service, and reached Columbus on the 23d, numbering 17 commissioned officers and 348 men. Thus the regiment was the advance and the rear guard of the army.

First. Lieutenant, David A. Henery, e. Nov. 6, 1861; must, as second lieut.; pro. to first lieut. April, 1863; re-e. Dec. 30, 1863; taken prisoner at Mark's Mills, Ark., April 35, 1864; escaped and res. from physical disability.

M. O. W. C. And Dis. At E. T. S.

The recruiting of this company was commenced about the 1st of November, 18(11, by Rev. Thomas M. Stevenson, and others for the 78th Regiment, then being formed sit Zanesville, which was afterward organized with M. I). Leggett,

On the 23d of December, 1861, the company met and elected Thomas M. Stevenson, Captain ; W. W. McCarty, first and Cyrus M. Roberts, second lieutenants ; A. W. Stewart, first orderly ; Dr. E. G. Coulson, steward of the hospital.

The company went into camp on the 25th of December with ninety-four as strong, brave and reliable men as ever left the county. Captain Stevenson had for a number of years been superintendent of the public schools of McConnelsville, and had the summer previous been licensed to preach. Lieutenant McCarty had long been a resident of McConnelsville, and had filled many of t he principal offices of the county, which made him well acquainted in the county and gave him an influence that caused many worthy men to rally for the defense of liberty and the flag. Lieutenant Roberts had long been engaged in merchandising, and, being a young man of good character, influenced many young men to imitate his example and lay down all that was dear upon their country's altar. No company in the regiment did more efficient service, and none suffered more upon the field of battle or from hardship and exposure.

On the 11th of February, 1S62, the regiment left for Fort Donelson, where it arrived on the 15th and took position on the field of battle too late to take part in the action yet in time to take charge of the rebel prisoners.

With the regiment we might follow Company E through its devious weary marches and battles, and cite the involuntary tests of some of its members of the luxuries of southern boarding houses, but this has been lucidly written in the "History of the 78th Regiment," from its " muster in " to its " muster out," by Rev. T. M. Stevenson, who was first captain of the company and afterward chaplain of the regiment, in which he says " no company has done more efficient service, none suffered more upon the field of battle or from hardship and exposure," and a repetition here would be unnecessary.

Rut two items not given may be of interest. After the evacuation of Corinth by the rebels, Colonel Leggett was sent to Jackson, Tennessee, occupied by a force of rebels, who were driven out, and C. M. Roberts raised the stripes and stars on the same pole on which had been raised the first rebel flag in Tennessee.

On ' the march of the regiment to Rosswell factories, on the Chattahoochie River, on the 16th of July, 1864, while walking through a clump of bushes, Surgeon Reeves was accosted by a citizen of the country, with a request for a federal surgeon to administer medical aid to his sick daughter. The doctor at first objected, but on a second thought concluded to go with the man who took him down the valley to a cave, where he found about two hundred Union refugees hiding from the persecution of the rebel authorities.

The following were commissioned and assigned to other companies : Sergeant A. A. Adair to captain ; Sergeant- Martin Durant to second lieutenant ; Sergeant John Kennedy to second lieutenant, Sergeant James Farich to second lieutenant. The latter refused to be mustered as lieutenant, preferring to carry the colors which he had borne in so many battles.

First Lieutenant, Archibald W. Stewart, entered service as a private Nov. 15, 1861; pro. to sergt. Dec. 23, 1861; pro. to second lieut. Feb. 14, 1863; to first lieut. Jan. 14, 1865; detailed as aid-de-camp on staff of General Leggett, on which he served until the close of the war.

Names Of A Detachment

Company D of the 78th not being exclusively recruited in Morgan County, is omitted in the numbering of the companies. Yet it is proper to state that the company was raised in the vicinity of Rockville, Muskingum County, and Rloom Township, Morgan County. E. 1 lilies Talley, son of W. K. Talley.

of Muskingum County, was elected captain, and with his company and regiment left Zanesville on February 11, 1862. After leaving Fort Donelson, about the middle of March, Capta in Talley was taken sick and removed to the hospital at Savannah, Tenn., where he died April 1, 1862, in the vigor of his young manhood, the first of his regiment sacrificed to the cause he had espoused.

On Tuesday, the 27tli of May, 1862, Governor Tod's dispatch of the 2d was received at McConnelsville, stating that Washington City was in immediate danger, and that Morgan County must, without delay, raise 100 men for three months' service. Forthwith all was excitement. Hand-bills announcing the news were printed, the bells of the two towns were rung, and enlistment commenced. On the 28th sixty men Avere enrolled, and on the 9tli of June the company reported at Camp Chase, and elected F. W. Wood captain, Amos W. Ewing first and Geo. S. Corner second lieutenants, and Avas attached to the 86th Regiment as Company F.

The regiment left Camp Chase on the 17th June, 1862, for Cumberland; but at Bentwood, on the Ohio, the order was changed to Clarksburg, Virginia, Avliere the regiment arrived on the 19th, and remained in camp until the 21st of August. Company F, with fi ve other companies, under Major Lemert, Avas then ordered to Buchanan, Virginia, Avhere they arrived on the 22d, and the next day departed for Beverly, Virginia. On the 25th Company F was ordered to the mountains, about twenty-five miles distant, to build a fortification, and to guard passes on the dry fork of Cheat River. On the 3d of September the company Avas ordered back to Beverly, where it joined the other five companies, and on the 6th Avas ordered to join the regiment at Clarksburg, Avhere it remained until ordered home. It was mustered out of the service on the 23d of September, 1862.

While at Clarksburg Company F was ordered out one night to break up a company of rebels, Avho Avere recruiting in the vicinity. This Avas successfully effected by a few shots from their muskets, which rendered some of them satisfied Avith Avar and incapable of further mischief.*

Company F Avas mustered into ser- A7ice at Camp Chase by Captain Dodd June 2d. 1862; Avas mustered out at Camp Dennison September 23d, 1862, by Captain A. T. Bond, U. S. A. The dates of enlistment are from May 27th to June 9th, inclusive.

Military'

H. S. Benjamin, John W. Barkhurst, John Grim, Solomon S. Beckwith, Moses II. Metcalf, Frank Manly, Theodore F. Lent, and II. A. Davis, pro. from privates to corpls and m. o. w. c.

Deaths And Discharges

On the call of the President, July, 1862, the military committees of the counties of Muskingum, Coshocton, Guernsey and Morgan, met at Zanesville, on the 18th of July, and recommended officers for the 97th Regiment, then being organized at Zanesville, but from some cause their commendation was unheeded.

Under this call for 300,000 men the quota of Morgan was two companies, and in case of a deficiency of volunteers a draft was ordered in the county or district deficient.

On the 21st the military committee met for the purpose of recommending suitable persons to the governor as second lieutenants or recruiting officers for the two companies. From the twenty names presented the committee selected George S. Davis, of Malta, and Sextus Scott, of McConnelsville. Mr. Scott declined and the committee appointed W. P. Gilley ; but after a reconsideration Mr. Scott concluded to accept, and was again recommended. On the 28th the committee again met, and recommended Andrew Arrick, of Bristol, Ira Ellis, of Homer, and Bart. Coalman, of McConnelsville, all of whom had their commissions by the 30th. On the 7th of August each company had half the number required, and on the 15th one company reported at Camp Potwin, near Zanesville, with Sextus Scott captain, Bart. Coalman first and W. P. Gilley second lieutenants. On the Kith the other reported with Captain George S. Davis, First Lieutenant Ira Ellis, and Second Lieutenant Andrew Arrick. These were Companies C and I).

ington Heights, opposite Cincinnati, and on the 8th took position near Fort Mitchell, three miles from the river, during the Kirby Smith raid.

On the 22d of September, at Louisville, the regiment was attached to General Buel's army, and on the 1st of October started in pursuit of Bragg's force, and on the 4th of October encountered the rear guard, and after a slight skirmish the rebels retreated toward Perry ville. At the beginning of the battle of Perryville, October 8th, the regiment was ten miles distant, but came up, and was efficient in the defeat of the enemy.

On the reorganization under General Rosecrans the 97th was retained in General Crittenden's Corps, which formed the left wing of the Army of the Cumberland. On the 27th, in the movement against Murfreesboro, the regiment encountered the outposts of the enemy at Lavergne, fifteen miles from Nashville, and at Stone River on the 31st December, 1862, and on the 1st, 2d and 3d January, 1863. September 9th, after driving the enemy's sharpshooters from Chattanooga, the regiment entered the city three hours before the main army. For this gallant action the regiment, with the brigade, was left to garrison the place, and consequently was not in the engagement at Chickamauga. On a second organization of the army under Major-General Thomas, the regiment with the brigade was assigned to Sherman's 2d Division, and with it was at the battle of Mission Ridge, in which it lost one hundred and fifty officers and men killed and wounded. On the 28th of November, 1863, the regiment left Chattanooga for Knoxville to reinforce General Burnside. In this march they suffered from being thinly clad and without transportation; but while at Knoxville they evinced their taste for learning by the occupation of the East Tennessee University. On the 15th of December their services were, required in driving Longstreet over the Strawberry Plains and Plain's Cross Roads.

On the 25th of April, 1864, the 97th joined the main army at Cleveland, Tenn., and on the 3d of May, with Sherman's army, entered on the Atlanta campaign. On the 11th of May the regiment, with Marker's Brigade, made an unsuccessful charge on the enemy at Rocky Face Ridge. At Resaca the regiment was under fire for two days (14th and 15th of May), and at Adairsville, on the 17th, had a sharp tight, resulting in a loss of twenty men in less than fifteen minutes. At Dallas the regiment was under constant lire from the 25th of May to the 5th of June. But the great and in fact only discomfiture of the 97th, was in the two engagements of the 22d and 27th of June on the enemy's position on the Kenesaw Mountain - in both of which it lost heavily. In the first, of 153 men of the regiment engaged, 112 were either killed or wounded, and in the second thirty-five. The boys celebrated the 4th by a tight at Smyrna church.

At the battle of Peach Tree Creek, on the 20th of July, 1863, the 97th, numbering less than three hundred men, being on the extreme left, received the terrible shock of Hood's rebel forces, and stood firm against seven charges made against it. For this gallantry General Howard (commanding the brigade) and General Newton (commanding the division) went to the regiment and personally thanked the officers and men. In addition an order was issued

The regiment was in the battle of Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, and with Sherman entered Atlanta, September 2, 1804. After this time the regiment participated in the battles of Lovejoy Station, Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville, and was at Bull's Gap, in East Tennessee, rebuilding the Tennessee and Virginia railroad, with a view of going by rail to Richmond via Lynchburg, when the news of Lee's surrender changed its course to Nashville, where the regiment was mustered out of the service.

Corporal, Samuel Hough, e. July 31, 1862, as private; pro. to corpl. Aug. 1, 1864; captured Nov. 13, 1862; paroled same day; returned to duty; wo. at Mission Iiidge and Franklin, Tenn.

Corporal, Francis Hammond, e. Aug. 11, 1862, as private; pro. to corpl. Aug. 9, 1864; captured at Franklin, Tenn. ; prisoner of war, and died in the hands of the enemy.

Died, Sergeants

Andrew M. Hosom, e. Aug. 7, 1862, as sergt. and planted the first flag in Chattanooga, Tenn. Died Dec. 31, 1863, from wounds reed, at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863.

Died, Corporals

William H. McCarty, e. Aug. 6, 1862; prom, to corpl. March 1, 1864; wounded at Mission Ridge and killed at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864.

Company D was mustered into the United States service at Camp Zanesville, O., Sept. 2, 1862, and was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., June 10,

Captain, George S. Davis, e. July 23, 1862; detailed acting major from Sept. 15, 1864, comd. as major, but unable to be mustered on account of the regiment being below the minimum.

This company was recruited by Geo. J. Henderson and William Glenn, and on the 3d of October, 1862. was mustered into the 122d Regiment, Colonel W. H. Ball, as Company C, with Geo. J. Henderson captain, William Glenn first and J. S. Paul second lieutenant, and P. F. Power orderly sergeant.

The regiment left camp at Zanesville on the 23d of October, 1862, on the steamers "Potwin" and "Powell" for Parkersburg, Wr. Va. On the 5th of December, at New Creek, it was attached to a brigade in General Milroy's Division. Their first march was up the valley of the south branch of the Potomac, through a snow storm, via Petersburg, Hardin County, Va., and Wardensville; returning to Moorfield on the south branch by way of Romney, the regiment marched to Winchester on the 1st of January, 1863, and, with the 110th Ohio, constituted the garrison of the place under General Milroy, and was continuously e imaged in marching, counter-marching and skirmishing with the enemy. On the 14th of June the regiment was engaged the entire day, and on the afternoon it was discovered that the town was surrounded bv Ewell's Corps of Lee's army. At 2 a. m., of the 15th. a portion of the garrison, with the 122d in the advance, forced their way through the rebel lines, and arrived at Harper's Ferry on the same day, where they remained until the 1st of July. In this daring enterprise Company C. lost twenty-four men ; one killed, one wounded, and twenty-two taken prisoners - the majority of the captured being in military parlance, stragglers. On the 1st of July the division was ordered to Washington by the canal, and arrived there on the morning, as Captain Henderson said, "of that glorious Fourth that brought the news of the capture of Vicksburg, and the defeat of Lee's army at Gettysburg."

On the 6th the regiment went by rail to Frederick City, Md., where it was attached to the 3d Army Corps under General Meade. At that time Company C numbered thirty-five men ; fourteen were sent to the hospital, and Lieutenant Glenn, with eight men, was detailed on guard duty at the commissary department, leaving fourteen for duty, who remained and went with Meade's army on the march to the Rappahannock.

In August the 122d and 110th were ordered to New York City to give attention to the rioters who were resisting the draft, and were distributed in detachments through the seditious districts. There they remained until September, when they rejoined the brigade in camp on the Rappahannock, where most of the sick and wounded returned.

During the winter of 1863 Company C, with the regiment, was encamped on the farm of John Minor Botts, near Brandy Station, Culpepper County, Va.

In May, 1864, the company was in the 6th Corps of Grant's army, and was engaged in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, in which it lost five killed, six wounded, and nine taken prisoners.

In the battle of Monocacy, in July, the company lost two killed, one wounded, and three taken prisoners. The company with the regiment was engaged in the battle of Opequan, preceding that of Winchester on the 19th of September, when the regiment may have occupied the same camping-ground so unceremoniously left nearly one year previous. At the battles of Fisher's Hill, September 22 and Cedar Creek, October 22, the company lost two killed and three wounded.

In December the regiment returned to the front at Petersburg, and was engaged in active service until Lee's surrender, when the division was ordered to Danville, Ya. After Johnson's surrender to Sherman the regiment returned to Washington, and on the 25th of June, 1865, was mustered out of the service.

This company was recruited in October and November of 1862. On the 28th of November it was in camp at Zanesville, and was attached to the 9th Ohio Cavalry as Company I), E. kS. Iloagland captain, Stephen Ii. Hill first and A. T. Hamilton second lieutenants.

In December the companies at Zanesville were ordered to Cam]) Dennison, where they were drilled until the 1st of April, 1863, and then ordered to report for duty at Lexington, Ky., where, or in

Company D, rank and filed, comprised seventy-nine men. Captain Iloagland continued in command until February 11, 1863, when he was appointed chaplain to the regiment, which place he resigned August 20, 1864-.

The data is not at hand to ascer tain who of the company were their successors, with the exception of Second Lieutenant A. I. Hamilton, who was promoted to first lieutenant and to captain February, 1865, and was killed, or died of wounds, in March following. The tracing of the regiment through Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina, where, although it was actively and effectively engaged, loses somewhat of its interest when the company is not apparently prominent.

publishers are indebted to Mr. J. . I. Stewart for assistance rendered them in the compilation of the roster of this company, and regret tlmt they were unable to obtain dates of enlistment, muster out, etc The larger part of the company were recruited in October and November, isti2.

It will be remembered that the military organization of the county, as ivell as elsewhere in the State, had become unpopular, and the parades of the "Cornstalk Militia" were contemned and abandoned, that till the paraphernalia of war which the State had distributed, was, at least in our county, otherwise appropriated. And although the insufficiency of the militia law was apparent, little attention had been given to it until 1856 or 1857, after which at every session of the legislature an amendatory law was passed ; the last was that of March 31, 1864, the principal features of which were the organization of the active militia of the State as a " national guard."

On the 23d of April. 1864, the adjutant-general, R. B. Cowan, called the regiment and battalion into service with orders to rendezvous at such place as the commanding officer might designate on the second of May, and to re- port by telegraph by 4 o'clock p. m. Accordingly Colonel Corner ordered the four companies to meet in Malta at the time designated, and on Wednesday, May 4th, the battalion left for Camp Chase.

In the mustering of the battalion into the regiment the number of men rejected reduced the battalion to three companies, and Captain Denver's company was disbanded and the accepted men distributed to other companies, retaining him as first lieutenant. The companies were then mustered into the regiment, as B, G and K, with a battalion of four companies from Tuscarawas, three from Noble and one from Hancock, as the 161st regiment O. V. I., with Colonel, O. P. Taylor, of Tuscarawas ; Lieutenant-Colonel, George S. Corner, Morgan ; Adjutant, W. A. Bovey, Tuscarawas; Quartermaster, M. McDaniel, Morgan.

Immediately after the organization on the 9th of May, the regiment was ordered to Cumberland, Md., where it arrived on the 12th and remained until the 28th, when it was ordered to Martinsburgh, Va.

On the 4th of June five companies, A, B, I), F and II, with other troops under Colonel Corner, were ordered to support a heavy supply train for General Hunter, supposed to be near Staunton, Va. The route was up the Shenandoah Valley, but General limiter was not overtaken until the 11th at Lexington. The escort went with Hunter's army nearlv to Lynchburg1, when it was ordered back to Mart insburgh with the train, then consisting of over one hundred wagons and ambulances with many sick and wounded, one hundred and fifty prisoners, and a number of contrabands. The escort left Hunter's army on the 17th and over hostile hills and rough roads a distance of 500 miles, reached Beverly on the 28th ; after a rest of two days arrived at Webster on the 30th; thence by rail to Martinsburgh, and on the 2d of July marched out to Hainesville and rejoined the regiment at 8 p.m. But the stay was brief, the troops being ordered immediately back to Martinsburgh, where they arrived about daylight, and after remaining in line of battle until 1 1 a.m., commenced falling back through Shepardstown and Sliarpsburgh to Maryland Heights. Skirmishing commenced on the morning of the 6th and continued for two days, in which the brigade, with the regiment, took an active part, and afterward took position in Stone Fort and assisted in the defense of the Heights until the rebels were driven from the Shenandoah Valley.

Captain Button, of Company B, 161, relates the following incident which took place while the company was in the Shenandoah Valley. He says : " I was officer of the night and, in company with Sergeant Stubbs, started out to inspect the picket posts. The moon was shining brightly and we found two of the posts readily. We had not gone far before we discovered what we supposed was another post. -lust at this time the moon became slightly obscured by a cloud and Sergeant Stubbs, who was slightly in advance, thinking it to be the post we were looking for, walked up to them. The moon came from under the cloud and 1 saw that Stubbs was surrounded by a squad dressed in gray. I immediately sprang back and was called upon to halt. Click went the locks of their muskets but for some inexplicable cause their guns missed tire. Had they not done so I should have been literally blown to pieces. I lost no time in getting back, but Sergeant Stubbs was a prisoner from that Saturday night until the next Tuesday, when he was paroled and caught up with the command."

This company was organized by Captain Robert Lutton, and was mustered into the service at Camp Chase, May 9, 1864. The company was mustered out September 2, 1864, unless otherwise specified.

Company K, 161st O. V. I., was mustered into the service at Camp Chase, Ohio, May 2, 1864, and was mustered out at the same place September 2, 1864.

In May and dime of 1863, A. Cl. Cornelius (who had a commission from the governor for that purpose), Alexander Lewis, George Z. Dickerson, C. C. Mingus and David Foster recruited a company of 150 men, and on the 5th day of July left Malta for Columbus, where they spent the first night on the floor of the state house, and next morning were ordered to Cincinnati to organize the company.

On arriving at Cincinnati the company went into camp on Covington Heights, where, according to the following statement - which appears to be at least official - the organization was perfected: "Fort Wright, July 25, 1863. The company, commanded by Lieutenant Lewis, this day met and organized by calling P. Palmer to the chair, and appointed H. Ward and A. P. Whitaker, secretaries.

" On motion of C. C. Mingus it was unanimously resolved that Lieutenant A. Lewis be elected captain of this company, whereupon lie was elected unanimously. (He left the company however at Camp Burnside and was not again in command until Nov. of 1864.)

" There being four lieutenants balloted for the following persons were elected : First lieutenant, George Z. Dickerson; second lieutenant, C. C. Mingus ; third lieutenant, David Foster; fourth lieutenant, H. Shoo])."

The company was then divided into gun squads, and put- into the forts and redoubts on the Heights, under the impression that Morgan in his raid would give Cincinnati a call.

In September the company was sent from Covington to Lexington, where it performed provost duty in the city until the middle of January, 1864, when it was ordered with the regiment to Knoxville, Tenn., to aid Burnside, who was surrounded in the city by Longstreet. The march was through Camp Kelson, Crab Orchard and Somerset to Camp Burnside, at the head of the Cumberland River. There the company left their wagons, and, having previously turned over their artillery were armed with Enfield rifles, started over the mountains with pack mules, 200 pounds on each mule, and after nine days' marching through snow and sleet reached Knoxville, and went into camp on Temperance Hill. During the last three days the command was on half rations of " hard tack." While at Temperance Hill detachments of the company were in a number of skirmishes with the rebels ; one with Wheeler on His raid, with eight or ten thousand cavalry between Loudon and Knoxville, and another on Strawberry Plains, where he was prevented from crossing the river, besides the capture of a 20 lb. Parrot gun. Some time in August General Vaughn, with his rebel cavalry, attacked and repulsed General Gillem at Bull's Gap. Company I and four others of the regiment were ordered to reinforce him. The combined force gave him a running fight from Strawberrv Plains through Greenville, on to Jonesburg - over one hundred miles from Knoxville - to Carter's Station, on the Watauga River, where was a fortification in which Vaughn and Debril took position and assumed the defensive. After a fight, by the efficient aid of Company I in supporting a battery, they were driven out of the fortification. After a hard march of several days the companies were at Cleveland, Tenn., where they were ordered on a train as body guard to General Schofield, and ran down to Chattanooga. At this time it was uncertain as to whether General Hood's object was Knoxville or Nashville.

On the arrival of the company at Cleveland, Captain Lewis returned and took charge of the company. Lieutenant Dickerson was detailed as adjutant of the regiment for several months, then served as 'quarter-master until he was placed in command of Company F, and was not again with Company I for duty.

Prior to this time the company had a number of hard marches. One was a raid made by the company into the border of North Carolina, near Ashville, during one week of which they were without rations, except fresh beef that had been driven from Ohio without feed, except what browse they could gather along the road - this, with a pint of cornmeal per day, and no salt and no complaints. At the time of the muster-out there was $260 company fund on hand, which was placed in the custody of Lieutenant Dickerson and was by him distributed, to the families of the deceased members.

This company was raised in July and August, 1804, subsequent to the president's call for 500,000 men for one year, and wits the last company recruited in the county. It was mustered into the

On the 1st of November the regiment was ordered to Nashville, and there joined Sherman's forces and participated in the battle with Hood in December, and remained at Nashville in the performance of guard and provost duty until the 7th of July, 1865, when it was paid off and mustered out of the service at Camp Chase on the 13th of July.

The Morgan County men belonging to this company were recruited by Lieutenant Zedekiah Wiseman, of Malta, and attached to the Veteran Reserve Corps. They went into camp at Winchester, -Va., Avliere they did garrison duty from about March 20, 1865, until they were mustered out August 4, 1865. The company were mustered into the service March 11, 1865. Following are the members from Morgan county :

Besides the companies of Avliich mention has already been made, there are others containing Morgan county men Avliose records are equally as bright, but as they contain but feAv representatiAres from this county the same classification is impracticable. Where not otherAvise designated, those included in this list AArere members of infantry regiments :

This post was organized April 1 7,1883. It is so named in honor of three Morgan County soldiers by that name who lost their lives in defense of the flag.

by -Jacob Adams, under whose administration the relief corps was organized. April 6, 1885, with Mrs. Janet M. Pond, president ; Alice C. Whitaker, S. V. P.: Mary Y. Dickerson, J. Y. P.; Lucetta II. Cochran, Secy.; Elfie Davis, Treas.; Lizzie T. Nott, Chaplin ; Conductor, Mary M. Coulson ; Jennie G. Clark, guard.

Christmas week, 1885, one of the most successful Grand Army fairs ever held in Southeastern Ohio was held in McConnelsville under the auspices of Hughes Post. Contributions were solicited and received from all parts of the country ; the display was imposing and the financial returns most satisfactory.

Joseph Francis Sonnanstine was born in Columbiana County, ()., September 9, 1830. In March of 1850 he started for California by the overland route, and after a perilous journey of one hundred and fifty-eight days arrived at Ringgold, Cal., on the 16th of August of that year. In July of 1852 he returned, and in 1858 came to McConnelsville, where he has since resided. At the breaking out of the war he was engaged in the oil business in West Virginia. He closed up his affairs and came to McConnelsville, where Colonel Pond and Judge Hanna were at the time organizing a company. He joined the organization; but there being more men enlisted than required for one company, it was reduced by throwing out men of families. In June of 1861, he enlisted in a company being recruited for the 32d (). V. I., which afterward became Company C of the 65th. From a private he rose by successive promotions to first- lieutenant of Company K, 65th O. V. I. lie filled all the intermediate positions, and each promotion was earned and not obtained, as was often the case, through outside influence.

At the battle of Mission Ridge he had command of the company, and was seriously wounded. in the Atlanta campaign he was promoted for meritorious services to the captaincy of Company E, 65th O. V. I. While engaged in the construction of earthworks in front of Atlanta he was attacked with fever, and was sent to officer's hospital. After his recovery he was detailed as assistant provost -marshal of Chattanooga, Term., where he had charge of all trains coming in or leaving the city, and of the refugees, of which there was at one time about 4,000. His duties in connection with these unfortunates lie says, " were the saddest of all 1 1 is earthly experiences." After the battle of Nashville, Captain Sonnanstine rejoined his regiment, which moved to East Tennessee, to intercept Lee's army. From thence the company was ordered to New Orleans, where they arrived on the 27th of June. In August they were ordered to Indianola, Texas, where they were engaged in rebuilding a railroad. In this labor they were employed until Dec. 10, 1865, when orders were received for them to make out the musterout rolls - a duty, it is needless to say, they cheerfully performed. They then marched to Indianola, when Captain Sonnanstine embarked with his company for New Orleans, and from thence to Columbus via Cairo, where the company was mustered out Dec. 25, 1865. November 25, 1865, he was promoted to major of the 65th, but beingdisabled by sickness refused to muster. He was in the battle of Pittsburg Landing; the advance on Corinth ; the march toluka, Tuscumbia, Decatur, Huntsville and Fridge] tort. From the latter place he was sent home on recruiting service, and rejoined his regiment after the battle of Stone River; was in all engagements preceding the evacuation of Chattanooga and the final capture of Atlanta. January 13, 1853 he was married to Miss Julia C. ILackett. Seven children were the result of this union - Adi, Edward, Edwin, Anna, Emmet, Ernest and Grosvenor.

Prison Expe Riences

Andersonville prison was in Sumter County, Georgia, and contained about forty acres, inclosed by a stockade of logs set endwise in the ground, and about ten feet high. Attached to it were guard houses at intervals of about 100 feet, which overlooked what they appropriately called the " dead-line," about ten feet from the stockade on the inside. At the front of the prison were three other stockades with heavy gates. The entrance or vestibule of the pen, which prevented the escape of prisoners in either large or small bodies on the right, were earthworks, with cannon mounted ready for action. A little further to the right was the cookhouse. On the left was the hospital intended for sick Union prisoners - but few were taken there - many dying at the gate while waiting for medicine : but the principal number died in the larger apartment. A small creek ran through the middle of the inclosure, and at an angle with it was about five acres of swamp, thus reducing our parade ground to about thirty-five acres. On one side of the stream the soil was almost entirely sand - on the other - yellow clay. In this space the 40,000 prisoners were crowded without shelter of any kind. The trees that were standing on the ground when it was first occupied were cut down and the roots dug up for fuel. The possessor of a blanket could to some extent obviate his discomfort ; but without it or a substitute the prisoner could burrow in the yellow clay for a brief period preliminary to being carried to the "long trench." Through this yellow clay there were from time to time several tunnels made under the stockade; but as far as was known all were failures. The venturer was either captured by the rebel guard or torn to pieces by the bloodhounds.

Of the victims of the " dead line," starvation or disease, there were about, 13,000 prisoners buried in a trench, a few inches deep, and wide enough for the length of the body. Thus, side by side, they braved shells or starvation. The officers of the prison extended no favors to any of the prisoners, except to Free Masons. When they were recognized in the prison the officers would generally find something for them to do on the outside; and if a Mason died he was more respectably buried.

ice corp at Columbus, O., and went into camp at Georgetown, D. C., and from there with a squad to General Siegel's army. lie was captured by Mosby's men at Middletown, between Martinsburg and Winchester, on the 13th of May, 1864, and with about 150 prisoners was marched across the country to Gordonsville, thence to Andersonville, where his stay was until September, 1864; thence to Charleston, S. C., and from there to Florence, where he remained until March 4, 1864; from thence to Wilmington, A. C., and from there to Annapolis, Md., from which place he returned to his home.

" I was captured at Atlanta, Ga., on 22d of July, 1864, with twenty others of our regiment. About 7 p. m. the prisoners, two thousand in number, captured that day, were marched by a long detour to the rear of Atlanta. From here our officers were sent to Charleston, S. C., and we saw them no more. We remained here until the 24th, when we started and marched during that and the following two days, and arrived at Lovejoy Station, whence we took the cars to Macon, Ga.

"At Macon we were treated with great kindness by the ladies. They brought us warm biscuit, milk, wine and ham, and many other luxuries to which we had long been strangers. One, whose name I regret 1 cannot recall, was particularly kind to me, and talked of her own boy in the Confederate army, while the tears rolled down her cheeks. I was then only I about seventeen years of age, and her

"AVe were marched from the station to the front of the stockade and formed in line, and we were introduced to Captain Wurz. Being in line, we were ordered to open ranks and unsling knapsacks. The guards then ' went through our traps,' appropriating everything in our possession, whether valuable or worthless, taking even our knives, forks and spoons. By some inadvertance, my blanket was left lying in front of me. and when the order 'march' was given, with a soldier's instinct, I reached for it, when a revolver was thrust into my face, and there stood the redoubtable Captain Wurz, who in broken English exclaimed, ' You tarn Yankee, ven I says march I means you to go.' I went, bidding farewell to my blanket.

" We were then turned in like cattle, without tent or blanket. While looking on the scene with anxious wonder, 1 was accosted by G-. W. Sprinkle, a member of our regiment, who had for some time been a boarder, lie was an intimate friend, and his assistance and instructions were of great benefit. Twenty men of our regiment together occupied a spot of ground ten feet square, appropriated to our use, and this was our ' home.' of a rebel sergeant. These were again sub-divided, forming three divisions, commanded in like manner by a sergeant. The business of the sergeants was to draw and issue rations for their respective commands. This duty was attended to every evening. The first day it would be a half-pound of corn bread, half a pint of raw beans and about half a pound of cooked bacon. The next day we would have a half pint of raw corn meal, three spoonfuls of raw rice and a half pound of raw beef. The third day it would be our former allowance of corn bread, a half pint of 'nigger' beans cooked in the pod, and a half pint of sorghum syrup. The dead were carried away and deposited promiscuously beneath the soil, in a land they had died to continue 'a land of the free and a home of the brave '

" The ' dead line ' was a mark made by stakes driven in the ground and connected by slats, and was so called because the guard was ordered to shoot any one crossing or touching it. On one accasion a famished prisoner, in his efforts to obtain a cup of water less filthy than usual, reaching under the slat, happened to touch it. No sooner than he did so, the guard fired, scattering the poor fellow's brains over some of us who stood near.

"But this lack of good water was removed by a singular phenomenon. On the elevation some distance from the stream, a spring of pure and delicious water burst forth, affording an abundant quantity, which we utilized by a sluice-way to a lower level and used there for a bathing pool, sustaining the lives of many.

"About the 17th September, 1864, an order came to muster 2,000 able bodied men for exchange. I was included in the list, as I weighed ninety-five pounds. My name was the tenth one called, to which there vras at least a dozen answers; but crowding up to the gate with one who had been my comrade through all, we made good our exit.

Libby And Belle Isle

* " I was a member of Company I), 122d Regiment, O. V. I., Colonel W. H. Ball commanding. I was taken prisoner on the ldth of June, 1863, at Winchester, Va., by Lee's forces on their way to Gettysburg.

"On the second morning after our capture we were conducted up the valley on foot to Staunton. It required nearly three days to march that distance. From Staunton we were taken to Richmond by the cars, and there we were placed in a tobacco warehouse, where we remained two or three days, then were removed to the second floor of the famous Libby prison ; thence, after a stay of three or four days, by way of variety, we were sent over to Belle Isle, where we were detained and entertained ten or twelve days, until July 10 or 12, when we ivere paroled. " Our r daily bill of fare on the way up the valley, and until we reached Richmond, was two pints of flour and a little salt. Afterward, and while we were in prison at Richmond, our diet consisted of a- piece of baker's bread, about two inches square, and half a pint of field-pea soup, meat and maggots all mixed together each day. While in the warehouse and Libby proper we were admonished by the guard to keep away from the grated windows or he ' mought ' shoot. While I was at Belle Isle there were about 500 prisoner, at least half of them without tent or shelter, sitting or lying exposed to the rays of a July sun, on the burning hot

" The water privileges were to some extent of a military order. At given intervals the entire number of prisoners were formed in line and marched to the edge of the river, each taking his drink and countermarching, many being so much exhausted as to be only able to crawl to the designated locality."

* " I was a member of Company B, 62d Regiment, O. Y. I., Colonel F. B. Pond commanding, and was taken prisoner at the charge on Fort Wagner. Morris Island, S. C., on the 18th of July, 1863, with seventy-six of our brigade at the same time. We were taken to Charleston and put in jail, where we were kept for two days. In the afternoon of the 20th we were put on the cars and carried up to Columbia, and again put in jail and feasted on boiled rice (cold), one tablespoonful twice a day.

" While here we were for a short time in charge of a Captain Linn, who by the way was a Presbyterian preacher ; and in justice to him I must say I think he was a gentlemen and a Christian, as he was very kind to us while he had us in charge, and I afterward heard him denounce the holding and starving of prisoners; but he was under orders, however, and could not prevent it.

"We were held at Columbia nearly two months, then sent to Richmond and put in the Libby prison. Here, for the first time, we were searched for money or anything we had, which was taken from us, from a match to an ancient penny or army relic, blankets, haversacks, canteens, pocket knives - all but the clothes we had on, and our pocket bibles. We were only kept in Libby three days and were well searched twice iu that time; then we were taken over to Belle Isle. In the inclosure in which we were confined there was no evidence that there had ever been a tree or even a blade of grass. For the first three months there was no tent or shelter of any kind to protect us from the burning sun, or storms; and being entirely destitute of blankets, or other covering, our sleeping was done in the day time, as it required as much exercise as we could take after night as the only means of keeping warm. Our beds were at any point within the 'dead line' where we might chance to be.

" About the first of January, 1S6J-, we got tents of a very inferior quality; they were old tents that our government had condemned, and by some means had come into possession of the rebels. They would not turn rain, but only answered for a wind-break during the cold and storm v* winter, for we had no fire during that entire time.

" In March they gave us the privilege of carrying wood nearly half a mile distant with the understanding that we should have all that we could carry; but if any one took a bigger load than he could carry all the way to camp without stopping to rest, he must take it to the rebel officers' tent. By this means they got all the wood they wanted, and we scarcely any, for the reason that we were feeble and could scarcely walk without the wood.

"Our camp was inclosed by a fourfoot ditch and the embankment on the outside for the guards; but I wish to give further evidence of the brutal treatment we received. The ditch was eighteen inches dee}) ; at each corner of oui' enclosure there was a well, dug the depth of a barrel, in which the water must stand at the same height as that in the ditch ; from these wells, or barrels, alone could we obtain our water to drink. The ditch being used as a. receptacle for filth, the water from it would filter into the barrels or wells.

"The rations furnished us while on the island were bad beyond comparison. At first they gave ns a piece of wheat bread about half the size of a man's fist twice a day; sometimes a. little meat once a day, not more for a hundred men than ten could eat; but this did not continue. As the time lengthened the rations were abbreviated both in quantity and quality. The initial of this arrangement was bread made of wheat and pea Hour, mixed in equal quantities, served without meat, but with a little pea soup - a common wooden bucket full for 100 men. Then corn bread alone, without salt and only partially baked, each man being furnished a piece an inch and a half square and half an inch thick, at first twice a day, then once a dav with intervals of one or two days, and once the intermission was three days, but no increase in quantity or improvement in quality.

" During the time 1 was on the Isle I think there were not more than seventeen or eighteen of our boys who died on the Isle, but when death was ascertained to be certain they were started for Richmond, and they either died on the way or soon after arrival. Of those that did die on the Isle numbers were not buried, but were thrown outside the camp to be devoured by the hogs.'"