Logan County, Illinois - Chapter 12: The Civil War, 1911

Chapter 12: The Civil War

"There has been held a grand union convention, the proceedings of which have not been reported by telegraph. It was held amid the fortresses of the everlasting hills. The Rocky Mountains presided, the mighty Mississippi made the motion, the Alleghany Mountains seconded it and every mountain and hill, valley and plain, in this vast country, sent up a unanimous voice: Resolved, that we are one and inseparable and what God has joined together, let no man put asunder." Such was the utterance of a famous Eastern bishop, at the beginning of the Civil War, and he expressed, in inspiring language, the feelings of the loyal citizenry of the country, at the effort being made to dismember the Union and lower the flag. In the mighty struggle which followed, Ilinois led the van. To the nation, she had given an executive in this fearful night of war, and now to head its armies, she brought forward a Grant. Illinois sent regularly one-tenth of the entire soldiery of the North and one-eighth of those who responded to the final call. Her soldiers brought back three hundred battle flags, as trophies of the war, and an Illinois flag, red as her sunsets, white as her wandering clouds and blue as the depths of her noon-days, was the first flag to float over the City of Richmond.

When the tocsin of war first sounded and men were needed to fight for the flag, the citizenry of Logan County, like all the rest of Illinois, responded unhesitatingly to the call. Sumter fell at noon, April 13, 1861. That same day, Secretary of War Cameron, by telegraph, called on Gov. Yates for six regiments for immediate service. Within twenty-four hours, a company of volunteers, afterwards Company E, of the Seventh Regiment, was raised in Logan County, by Wilford D. Wyatt, of Lincoln, and George H. Estabrook, of Atlanta. The next day Clifford W. Holden raised and tendered a company from Lincoln, afterwards known as Company H. Company after company followed, as the President called for additional troops, until, by the end of the war, Logan County had furnished to the nation 2,160 soldiers. Every one of these was a volunteer, as no draft was ever required in this county, the county having, at every call for troops, exceeded its quota. When it is considered that the voting strength of Logan County, as shown by the returns of 1860, when Lincoln was elected president, was 3,332, and that among these voters were hundreds of older men, who were past the age of enlistment, the sending of about 65 per cent of its voting strength, to the front, was perhaps surpassed by few, if any, of the other counties of the state.

Upon the receipt of the news of Sumter's fall, the whole population of the county was stirred to excitement. Meetings were held everywhere. A meeting was held at the Court House in Lincoln, on the night of April 18th, addressed by Attorneys Parks, Wyatt, Young and Callon. Another meeting on the 19th, was addressed by John A. McClernard, of Springfield, afterwards a leading general of the war. Both meetings were densely crowded. Another meeting was held on the 2ist, at which A. B. Nicholson presided, a home guard was organized, resolutions passed and addresses made by Attorneys Campbell, Austin, Callon, Fisk, Norton and others. Meetings were also held at Atlanta, Mt. Pulaski, Middletown and throughout the county, the work of enlistment began and the very air was permeated with patriotic ardor. Wilford D. Wyatt announced, in the papers, that books were open, at his office, to enroll volunteers for a company, to be ready to leave for the front, on Saturday, the 21st. Clifford W. Holden made a similar announce; ment. About the same time, John B. Newton, of Elkhart, a member of Capt. Wyatt's Company, Ira A. Church, of Atlanta, and James J. Searight, were raising infantry companies in their vicinities, while Thomas J. Larison, Frank Fisk, and William S. Hunter and others were assiduously at work, raising companies of cavalry.

An important event that accelerated the enlistment, was a few minutes' stop, at the C. & A. depot, at Lincoln, of no less a personage than the famous orator and statesman, Stephen A. Douglas. Much concern had been manifested by the American people, as to just what attitude Mr. Douglas would assume toward the Lincoln administration, in case of civil war. It is not making an extravagant statement to say that until Douglas spoke, the fate of the nation was held in the balance. Without the support of the Douglas adherents, in the North, it is questionable what might have been the result of the war. The first intimation of Douglas' war position was given, in a telegram, which went abroad, throughout the country, that Douglas had called upon President Lincoln and assured him of co-operation, in prosecuting the war, against secession. This declaration set the North afire; it meant a united front, against the seceders; it spelled victory. On April 25, 1861, Judge Douglas spoke at Springfield, at which time he directed his remarks to his old political friends and told them that "they would be false and unworthy of their principles, if they allowed political defeat to convert them into enemies of the government." "It is your duty," said he, "to defend the Constitution and protect the flag." Judge Douglas was to speak in Chicago, the next night, in the famous "Wigwam." To get from Springfield to Chicago, he passed through Lincoln, on the C. & A. railroad, A large concourse of people gathered at the depot at Lincoln, to catch a glimpse of the great statesman as he passed through. As the train stopped at the depot, Douglas was discovered standing on the car platform. A mighty shout went up and calls were made for a speech. Hundreds of Douglas' Democrats were present, wondering anxiously whether it was really true that Douglas had declared for the union and determined in their own hearts, to be governed by what the great man said. Hundreds of Republicans were present, hoping almost against hope, that the reports of Douglas' co-operation with the President were correct. Douglas waived his hand in a dramatic manner and amid profound silence, briefly said: "Fellow Citizens: I have no time to make a speech, - the cars won't wait. It is not necessary, I believe, for I take it that you are all a unit for the union. I have done my best to preserve peace, but now that war is upon us, the Government must be maintained at all hazards." Here the train moved away, and amid the unanimous shouts of the people, many throwing their hats into the air, the great Douglas disappeared in the distance. That night, he spoke to 10,000 people in Chicago, and his speech, sent far and wide, was the rallying cry for enlistment. This speech was his last public utterance, for at its close, he returned to his rooms, at the Tremont House, in Chicago, was taken sick and never left his bed, until death had overtaken him. The Lincoln Herald, from whose columns the above speech was taken, by the writer, and which had previously fought Douglas with vindictive bitterness, contained a fulsome eulogy of the great leader and turned its column rules, in the issue subsequent to his death, indicating the sorrow of all classes, at his untimely demise. A Douglas memorial meeting was afterwards held at the Christian church, in Lincoln, at which resolutions of respect were passed, the Masonic lodges of Lincoln attending in a body. At Mt. Pulaski, business houses were draped in mourning and a Masonic memorial meeting was held, which was addressed by Dr. A. M. Fellows. At Atlanta, flags were floated at half mast and the whole county mourned. Later, at the Democratic County Convention, at which Robert Leslie presided, and George H. Campbell was secretary, an echo of Douglas' speech was heard, in the resolutions then passed, one of which declared, "That the Democracy of Logan County are unalterably opposed to rebellion against the Constitution, the laws and decisions of the courts of our country, and that it is the duty of the administration to use all the energies of the government to suppress rebellion." the name of the "Lincoln Guards." On leaving for Camp Yates, Capt. Wyatt, after repeated calls, made a patriotic speech at the depot and a patriotic adieu was read by Miss Judy, on behalf of the ladies. The Lincoln Herald said of the event that, "the crowd alternately shouted, laughed and cried as the train moved away." The Lincoln Guards were met at the Springfield depot, by the Springfield Grays, and by them escorted to camp. They were encamped at the right of the entrance, in the first row of sheds, being the first Illinois company of the Civil War to arrive at Camp Yates. Capt. Holden's company, known as the "Yates Rangers," was a close second. Three other companies were in process of formation, a week later, a rifle company, a cavalry company and one of naturalized citizens. There was no immediate use for these troops, but it was generally felt that there would soon be another call for volunteers and they proposed to be ready. A complete roster of the various companies raised in Logan County in the order of their enlistment, and the names of Logan County men, enlisting in other companies, with a brief sketch of the regiments, here follows:

The first call of the President noted above, was for troops for three months' service. Capt. Wyatt's and Captain Holden's companies became part of the Seventh regiment, as Companies E and H, respectively. The former was enlisted April 16th, the latter April 17th. Illinois having sent six regiments to the Mexican War, by courtesy, the numbering of Illinois regiments began with number seven. Hence the Seventh Regiment was in-reality the First Regiment. The roster enrolls all members of the three months' service, as being from Springfield, so that it is difficult to individualize Logan County men in companies other than Capt. Wyatt's and Capt. Holden's. On the organization of the company, John Cook, of Springfield, was made Colonel and Capt. W. D. Wyatt was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. Capt. Wyatt was succeeded as captain of Company E by Lieut. George H. Estabrook.

In addition to the above roster, Elizur Southworth was F irst Lieutenant of Company D, same regiment, and Mark P. Miller, Second Lieutenant. The regiment was mustered out at the end of three months on July 25, 1861, but was at once reorganized for three years' service the same day, the places of those not re-enlisting being filled by new recruits. The regiment, as reorganized, became the regular Seventh Infantry and won undying fame and glory. ;

The Seventh Infantry

In the reorganized Seventh Infantry, Logan County was largely represented in Companies D, E, and H. Companies D and E were largely constituted of citizens from Atlanta and vicinity and Company H from Lincoln. George H. Estabrook of Atlanta, was a Major of the Regiment, Albert V. Goltra, of Lincoln, Sergeant Major, and Edward L. Forsythe and Frank A. Leslie, of Lincoln, and Jacob Brian and George Spellbrick, of Atlanta, members of the regimental band.

Company D was constituted as follows: Captains, Ira A. Church (resigned January 12, 1862), Henry N. Estabrook (killed October 4, 1862), John K. Clark (promoted from Sergeant), Seth L. Raymond (promoted from Sergeant); Corporals, Fielding Bradshaw, Mathias Kerr, Mathias Wood, John Brennen; Musician, John Rolloson, died at Ft. Holt, Ky., February 8, 1862; Privates, Abner C. Arnold, Jesse T. Beal, Thomas Brown, Michael Devine, Ezra Dillon (died in service), Wm. Egbert, Edward Gibson, Albert Goltra, William H. Harris, William Haines, William Harrington, William James, Laban T. Landon (died in service), Lewis J. Monnen, Daniel Murphy, Walter Montgomery, Francis M. Reeves, William B. Robinson, James M. Sparrow (died in service), William Tomberlin, David M. Tucker, Benjamin Waltman (promoted to Sergeant), Mathias Wood, Thomas A. Williamson. Recruits: Geo. M. Fitzgerald, Andrew McKinnon. Enlisting as veterans: Fielding Bradshaw, John Brennen, William H. Bradshaw, Michael Devine, Albert V. Goltra, William Harrington, William James (promoted to corporal), Lewis J. Monnen, Daniel Murphy, Francis M. Reeves, William Tomberlin.

H. Bernard, Samuel E. Craft, Henry F. Capps, F. L. Capps, Thos. Caylor, Elias Dugan (died in service), Elias R. Davis, W. B. Edwards, John Etterlein (killed at Allatoona Pass), Thos. J. French (died in service), Thomas Gilfoil, Thomas Gwynn, John Gwynn, Thomas Griffey, R. P. Graham, Charles W. Halbert, James M. Halbert, David Harless, Michael Hennigan, N. B. Holliday, Peter Heft (promoted to Corporal). Oscar J. Hackney, John W. Leach, Thomas May, Samuel McMahan, Hugh McMahan, Joseph McMahan, E. H. Malloy, E. C. Nichols, Daniel Pence (died in service), Robert Parsons, William Payne, James S. Parks (killed at Allatoona Pass), Edward Smith, John K. Stone, William T. Taylor, Edward Sarney, Charles W. Taylor, Thomas Taylor, Edward Turney, David Vandeventer, William Whipple, Laban Wheeler, H. S. Whiteman, R. S. Whiteman (promoted Corporal), James Walker, William H. Williams, John White (killed at Allatoona Pass), William J. Wood (died in service), John E. Wood, William White, Veterans: Daniel L. Ambrose, (promoted Lieutenant), Coles Barney (promoted Sergeant), William H. Briggs, George W. Ballard, Gotlieb Buckhardt (died in service), Henry Bigler (killed at Allatoona Pass), John M. Clayton, Darius T. Doner, Alexander A. Fickes (promoted Sergeant), John W. Fisher, George W. Fletcher (promoted Sergeant), Thos. Gilfoil, Felix Gill, Jacob Grosch, Thomas Gwynn, Thomas Griffey (died in service), W. P. Hackney (promoted Captain), John Hughes, David Harless, James M. Halbert (died in service), Timothy Hoblit (promoted Corporal, killed at Allatoona Pass), John T. Iden (promoted Corporal), Jesse Jewell, William R. Jewell (promoted Corporal), Orson D. Johnson, Peter Murray, Samuel McMahoney (promoted Sergeant), E. C. Nichols (died in service), William T. Omay, John M. Pattison, Daniel E. Swallow, William H. Strauser, Wm. Shaw, (promoted Sergeant), William R. Skiver (killed at Allatoona Pass), William T. Taylor (killed at Allatoona Pass), Aaron Watkins, Eber J. Winters, James A. Waltman (promoted Sergeant), Charles Ward, Samuel Walker (promoted Corporal, killed at Allatoona Pass). To these should be added William E. Lawless in Company A, Darius C. Munson and Joseph Clauson in Company I, and the following unassigned recruits: Charles W. Campbell, Abraham Miller, John Nolan, Isaiah Ramsburg, Francis M. White.

The Seventh Infantry, as reorganized, was mustered into service July 25, 1861, and was immediately forwarded to Ironton, Mo., where it joined the command of Gen. B. M. Prentiss. It was with the reconnoitering expedition, under Gen. Grant, in the rear of Columbus, Ky. On Feb. 3, 1862, it embarked for Ft. Henry, and on the 12th, for Ft. Donnelson, where it took part in the three days' investment and siege of that place, and was engaged in the last charge, on the left of the enemy's works. It was ordered to Pittsburg Landing, where it arrived

March 22, 1862. Was engaged continually, April 6 and 7, at the battle of Shiloh and went into action on the morning of the 6th and took possession of Duncan's field. The Seventh was in the line that repulsed the last charge of the enemy, on the night of the 6th, when it was advanced to a picket line and remained there until relieved by Gen, Buell's command near daylight, the next morning. It went into action before noon on the 7th and was hotly engaged when the enemy retreated, at 3 o'clock P. M. In this battle, the regiment lost 1 7 men, with 79 wounded.

The regiment subsequently engaged at Corinth, Oct. 3rd, and 4th, 1862, losing 8 men, with 46 wounded and 21 taken prisoners. On October 5th, it marched in pursuit of the enemy, returning on the ioth. From April to November 1863, it did skirmish duty almost constantly and was ordered upon a number of scouting expeditions, throughout Tennessee guarded the railroad from Bethel to Jackson. It returned to Pulaski, Nov. 21, 1863. At Pulaski, the regiment reenlisted as veterans, being mustered in Jan. 6, 1864, leaving immediately for Illinois on a thirty days' furlough. It arrived at Springfield, Jan. 18th, and was given an enthusiastic reception from the citizens of that place. It was quartered in Representatives' Hall, until the next day, when furloughed. It reassembled Feb. 18, 1864, re-inforced by 200 recruits and left Camp Butler for Pulaski on the 23rd, under command of Maj. Estabrook, of Atlanta, Col. Rowett, being in command of Camp Butler. Arrived at Pulaski, Feb. 27, 1864, where the regiment was mounted and left for Florence, Ala., to patrol the Tennessee River and watch Forrest's command, which was just leaving Tuscaloosa, Ala., on the memorable raid on Paducah and Fort Pillow. On May 7th, it was attacked by Gen. Roddy's Confederate brigade and, after six hours, severe fighting against ten times their number, were obliged to retire, with three killed and thirty-two wounded and captured. On May 13th, it returned with the 9th Ohio Cavalry and drove the enemy back across the Tennessee, capturing many prisoners.

On Oct. 3, 1864, the regiment was joined with the 15th Army Corps and were ordered to Allatoona Pass, to assist in the defense of that important station, then threatened by Hood's Army. The 7th, 50th, 57th Illinois and 39th Iowa reached the Pass, Oct. 4th. On the morning of the 5th, the Pass was attacked by Gen. French's Confederate Division of 6,000 men. The Seventh did gallant and fearful work, successfully repelling four separate charges made by the desperate and hungry enemy, and its torn and bleeding ranks told at what a fearful cost. Its colors, under which fell many a gallant bearer, that day, were never lowered. Thirty-eight men were killed and 67 wounded,. among which were numerous Logan County men as above mentioned. The enemy lost 2,200 killed and wounded, and not being able to stand against this gallant little band of defenders, fled from the field. The Seventh, together with all those who assisted in that defense, won never fading laurels. Gen. Sherman said of them, "For the numbers engaged, they stood upon the bloodiest battle field ever known upon the American Continent." After the battle, the regiment returned to Rome, Ga., and later on joined Sherman's. Army, on its "March to the Sea." After the surrender of Gen. Johnson, April 26th, 1865, the regiment took up its line of march for home by way of Petersburg, Richmond and Alexandria and took part in the grand review at Washington. It was then ordered to Louisville, Ky., where on July, 1865, it was mustered out of service. The regiment arrived at Springfield, July 11th.

The Seventh Infantry takes great pride in the fact that it was the first organized regiment from this state mustered into the service, the first to return to the capitol of the state and re-enlist as veterans, as well as being the only regiment in the whole army that purchased its own guns - paying $50 each for them, out of their meagre pay of $13. per month, thereby increasing their effectiveness five-fold. Col. Rowett, who commanded the Seventh, the last four hours of the battle of Allatoona Pass, where Sherman had stored millions of rations, said that without the aid of these sixteen-shooters, the enemy, 6,000 strong, would have overwhelmed the gallant 1,500 of the Pass. Gen. Sherman issued an order, No. 86, dated Oct. 7, 1864, in which he said: "The general commanding avails himself of the opportunity in the handsome defense of Allatoona, to illustrate that fortified posts should be defended to the last, regardless of the relative numbers of the party attacking or attacked. The thanks of this army are due and are hereby accorded to Gen. Corse, Col. Tourtellotte, Col. Rowett, officers and men, for their determined and gallant defense of Allatoona and it is made an example to illustrate the importance of preparing in time and meeting the danger when presented, boldly, manfully and well."

Twenty-Eighth Infantry

Company K, of the Twenty-eighth Infantry, was largely recruited by John B. Newton in and around Elkhart, Middletown and adjacent country. The Logan County recruits in this company were combined with about an equal number from Menard County, together forming Company K. The personnel of this company, as far as Logan County was concerned, was as follows: Captain Albert J. Moses, transferred to Company D; Lieutenants, John B. Newton, Dennis Pride; Sergeants, Dennis Pride (promoted), Joseph Collins (died in service) ; Corporals, Joseph T. Green (killed at Shiloh), John Lafferty; Musician, Charles Glenn; Privates, Andrew Avery, Richard Bernard

(wounded at Shiloh), William K. Bishop, Robert Beaton, Paul Bastinnie (enlisted in navy), James M. Carpenter, Thomas Davis, Thomas Dulton, Ammon Dunn (died in service), John H. Dunn, William W. Dudney, Benjamin F. Ellis, William Estes, Henry Ebert (promoted Corporal), Elijah Edwards (died in service), Gotlieb Fotsch, (died in service), Henry Fusner, Thomas J. Fleming, James H. Gardner, Robert Hunter (died in service), M. Hurst, John Isonhart, Emanuel Keckler (killed at Shiloh), Peter Keckler (died in service), Freeman A. Lowell, Samuel J. Miller, Ebenezer McCoy, John Miller, Francis M. Montgomery, Charles Peters, (promoted to Sergeant), Robert J. Rogers, Francis Schoener (died in service), John T. Silvernail, John Smith, James K. Scott, Charles E. Stockard, Thomas J. Warner. Re- _cruits: Thomas Adams (promoted to Sergeant), Joseph O. Dudney, Edward Davis, Cyrus Davis (died in service), Smith Harris, James W. Hill, William Leonard (died in service), William Watts, William F. West was Surgeon of the Regiment.

The Twenty-Eighth was organized at Camp Butler Aug. 15, 1861, was ordered to St. Louis, Aug. 28th, where it was armed, and from thence to Fort Holt, where it remained until Jan. 31, 1862. During February and March, it was near the Tennessee River and Pittsburg Landing and was engaged in several raids. It participated April 6th and 7th, in the great engagement which has since been called the battle of Shiloh. The regiment here suffered severely and lost 239, in killed and wounded. It was engaged in the siege of Corinth, during the month of May, 1862, and later, engaged in the battle of Matomora, on the Hatchie River, where 97 were reported killed, wounded and missing. The regiment was engaged in the siege of Vicksburg, from June 11 to July 4, 1863. Near Jackson, Tenn., on July 12th, it lost 73 in killed and wounded and sixteen prisoners out of 128 men in line in a gallant but fruitless assault upon a strong position. The remainder of the year was passed in provost duty, at Natchez. The regiment re-enlisted for three years, in January, 1864, and in the spring following, received its veteran furlough. After this, it participated in numerous marches and expeditions and assisted in the capture of Spanish Fort and Mobile. After the close of hostilities, it was assigned to duty in Texas. The regiment contained 1,720 men and lost 512 men. It was mustered out of service at Brownsville, Texas, Mar. 1 5, 1866, and arrived at Camp Butler May 13th, for final discharge.

Thirty-Second Infantry

THIRTY-SECOND INFANTRY. Company B, of the Thirty-Second was largely recruited from Lincoln and Mt. Pulaski and vicinities. Those in the company, not from Logan County, hailed principally from Hancock County. John S.

Phelps, of Lincoln, was Quarter-master of the Regiment. Company B, as far as Logan County was concerned, was constituted as follows: Captain, William H. Fraikes; Lieutenants, James J. Searight, George W. Ripley, Alexander W. Morrow, John H. Allen (died in service), Alexander Campbell; Sergeant, Nahum Burpee( died in service) ; Corporals, Peter Heft, Jerome Blackwell; Musician, John F. Jewell; Privates, John Alexander, Samuel Bowers, Bernard Cavanaugh, Michael Clark, Charles H. Clark, Thomas Curry, Ira Ellison, Sylvester Fraikes, William Fraikes, Philip French (died in service), James C. Greenslate (killed at Shiloh), T. A. Hastings, Milton Hall (died in service), Joshua B. Heft, S. A. Jeffords, Calvin Jenks (died in service), Joseph ~ Kenyon, Charles Keigler, Christian Kastner, George W. Lakin, Thomas W. Laughery, Jacob Maurer (died in service), John O. Mason, Simeon McFall (killed at Shiloh), Charles Moore, James M. Morrow, James Murphy, William S. Moore, William McMahan, John Meyers, William H. Patterson, Frank Pollett, William J. Richart (died in service), Lewis Raymond, Edward H. Robinson, John Smith, John J. D. Seiks, Elias Thomas (died in service), Albert D. Tomlinson, Charles Vale (died in service), Ezekiel Walker (died in service), Benjamin Wood, Thomas Young (died in service). Veterans: John Alexander, Daniel B. Bowles, Samuel F. Bowers ( promoted to Corporal), Michael J. Clark (promoted to Sergeant), Oliver T. Curry (died at Andersonville), Charles H. Clark (promoted to Corporal), Levi J. Cronch, Sylvester Fraikes, Joshua B. Heft, George W. Hall, John F. Jewell, A. Jeffords, Joseph F. Kenyon, Christian Kastner, Thomas W. Laughery, George W. Lakin, James Murphy (died in service), James M. Morrow, Frank Pollatt, William H. Patterson, Edward H. Robinson, John D. Seick, Albert D. Tomlinson (promoted Corporal), Benjamin Wood; Recruits, Lewis C. Ambrose, Daniel Bowles, John C. Briggs, Jesse W. Brown, Charles R. Clark, Joseph W. Curtis, Albert Fraikes, James R. Graham, Oliver G. Harvey, George W. Hall, Nathaniel Hudson, Joseph Kahn, Ellis R. Thompson, Charles D. Jackson.

The Thirty-Second was organized at Camp Butler and mustered into the service Dec. 31, 1861. It moved to Cairo, thence to Bird's Point, then up the Tennessee River, where it bore an honorable part in the battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, 1862, losing 40 killed and about 200 wounded. It was engaged in the advance on Corinth and the pursuit to Cold Water, afterward returning to La Grange and Memphis. It was engaged in the battle of Matamora, where it lost seven killed and twenty-nine wounded. It participated in the siege of Vicksburg, afterward marching against Jackson. It was mustered in, as a veteran organization, Jan. 23, 1864, and in February, proceeded with the Meridan expedition, marching over 300 miles. It was furloughed in March and April and on re-assembling, joined Sherman's army. It fought at Kenesaw Moutain, Nickajack Creek and Marietta. It then marched with Sherman to the sea, taking part in the siege of Savannah. The summer of 1865 was spent in the far west, in the Department of Missouri, and it was not until Sept. 16th, that the regiment was mustered out, having marched 11,000 miles in all.

Thirty-Eighth Infantry

Company F, of this regiment, was recruited in and around Atlanta and a number of Logan County men were in Companies A and H. Lemuel K. Wescott was Adjutant of the regiment, Reuben N. Lawrence, Quartermaster and John W. Yelton, Sergeant Major. 'Company F was constituted as follows: Captain, James P. Mead (killed Dec. ST, 1862), Willis G. Whitehurst, Thomas D. Crumbaugh; Lieutenants, William P. Hunt, Lemuel K. Wescott (promoted Adjutant), Reuben N. Lawrence (promoted Quartermaster), John T. Beezley, Charles Russon (died in service) ; Sergeants, Andrew A. Wright J. H. Turner (died in service), John H. Leighner, George D. Culbertson; Corporals, Richard W. Adams (promoted Sergeant), William B. Sturges, Charles H. Ormsby (promoted Sergeant), Robert McFarland, John M. White (died in service), Thomas D. Crumbaugh, Charles H. Brining, Reuben N. Lawrence (promoted) ; Musician, John Curry; Privates, George Addy, Homer Albright, William T. Burk (died in service), Nathan E. Baker (killed at Stone River), Howard F. Baker, Pharcellus Burk, James Burroes, Andrew J. Brady, Hays D. Brown, John W. Compton, Horace G. Carpenter, Samuel Craig (died at Andersonville), William Craig, Allen B. Craig, Theophilus Caton, Andrew Campbell, John Caton, Thomas Dalton (killed at Stone River), David J. Davidson (killed at Stone River), Benjamin F. Eaton, John Ewing, William D. Ewing Isaac Fleming, Charles Freewood, John Foley, Charles M. Gardner, Henry P. Gardner (died in service), Thomas G. Green, George Hays (died at Andersonville), Alvin F. Howser (died at Andersonville), Jason Ham, Jesse Horner, Anthony Howard, Isaac K. Howser, John A. Hogue, R. T. Ishmael, Daniel G. Judd, Francis M. Jeffry (promoted Sergeant), Daniel W. Kenyon (died in service), Lorenzo A. Kinne (died in service), John M. Lamm, James T. Lambert, John B. Lambert, William W. McAfee, Samuel McAfee, Ephraim W. Mills, Adolph C. Miller, Wade Martin (died in service), John C. Morrow (died in service), John V. McGahan (died in service), George Norton (died in service), George Onstott- (promoted Corporal), John O'Connell, William H. Orsler, Jacob F. Phillips, John Parks, Booth B. Patton (promoted Corporal, killed at Stone River), Enos Paulin, Daniel Quisenberry (died in service), Mathew Ryan.

Frank Richmond, Charles F. Russum (promoted Sergeant, died in service), A. P. Stermer, James Stermer, William W. Shurts (died in service), George B. Smith, Walter Smith, Thomas Stout (killed at Stone River), Joseph Sollers (promoted Corporal), James M. Stroud, R. G. Showdy, Wesley Skelly, John G. Wright, Thomas J. Wright, James Wilkins (killed at Stone River) William Watson, Joel D. Wells (killed at Stone River), Abraham Wilkins, Levi Wagner, Charles P. Wiley, Wesley Zollars. Veterans, Andrew J. Brady (promoted Corporal, died in service), John Ewing, Thomas D. Crumbaugh, Isaac _ K. Howser (promoted Sergeant), Jason Ham, Anthony Howard, R. T. Ishmael, William W. McAfee, Reuben B. Lawrence (promoted Quartermaster), Enos Paullin, Abraham Wilkins (promoted Corporal), Charles P. Wiley (promoted Sergeant), Thomas J. Wright (promoted Corporal). Recruits, Preston Brady, John S. Cantrell, James Ewing, Samuel R. Mixed (died at Andersonville), Charles E. Ogden, Joseph Paullin, Alexander Wiley (died in service), Albert L. Wilcox, George M. Wells. In Company A were Solomon Morris (Second Lieutenant), Peter Casselreigh (Sergeant), Henry C. Owen, John S. Bosinger, James Norton (killed before Atlanta), John S. Cantrall, Holmes Dustin (died in service). In Company H were John W. Yelton (First Lieutenant), Nathan S. Fitz, Joseph Ashen, John F. Ashen, T. T. Brummet, William A. Brown, George W. Cordell, B. H. Pendleton, John J. Ritchart, E. M. Stapleton, Daniel W. Zinn. The Thirty-Eighth Regiment was organized at Camp Butler, in Sept. 1861, by Col. Wm. P. Carlin. It was ordered to Pilot Knob, Mo., receiving arms en route, and here it remained all winter. In the Spring it was marched to various points from March 3, to Sept. 26, when it rested at Louisville, Ky., after a continuous march, night and day, for a distance of over 500 miles. On Oct. 8th, it was engaged in the battle of Perryville, where it captured an amunition train and 100 prisoners, for which it received honorable mention in the general's report. It captured a wagon train and 100 horses at Harpett Shoals, and later charged a battery at Knob Gap, capturing two guns. It was engaged at the battle of Stone River for five days and lost 34 men, with 100 wounded and 34 missing. The regiment engaged in numerous other skirmishes in June of 1863. On Sept. 19th, it entered the battle of Chickamauga, was in the thickest of the fight, and of 301 men who entered the fray, 180 were killed, wounded or missing. Soon after, it went into winter quarters at Bridgeport, Ala. In Jan. of 1864, it captured an outpost at Dalton, Ga. In Feb. of 1864, the regiment reenlisted, was mustered March 16, 1864, started to Illinois, March 28, arrived at Springfield, April 8th and rendezvoused at Mattoon. Left Mattoon May 14, for Louisville, thence to Nashville and Chattanooga, was engaged with the enemy at Pine Top, Kenesaw Mountain and

Smyrna. Later crossed the Chattahoochie, at Powers Ferry, crossed Peach Tree Creek and threw up works before Atlanta. Participated in several skirmishes, engaged in the battle of Jonesboro and later camped at Atlanta. In October, pursued Hood to Gaylorsville, Ala. After a number of skirmishes, fought a battle at Franklin and later entered Nashville. Regiment was stationed for awhile, in December of 1865, at Victoria, Tex., just prior to being mustered out. It may well be noted in conclusion that at the Battle of Murfreesboro, Logan County's Company F went into the battle with 62 men, and came out with 31, its captain being one of the slain.

Second Cavalry

The Second Illinois Cavalry was organized and mustered into service at Camp Butler, Aug. 12, 1861. It left Camp Butler, Aug. 29, 1861, and camped for brief periods in Carbondale and at Fort Massac, on the Ohio River, and thence to Cairo. In December of 1861, it crossed the river in Bird's Point and did considerable scouting after Jeff Thompson's command. On Dec. 11th, it captured six of Thompson's men and had their first man killed, Josiah Clark, of Atlanta. Jan. 14th, it started toward Fort Henry, Companies A and B were with General Grant in Tennessee and participated at the three famous battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson and Shiloh. From this time on, they were engaged in frequent skirmishes and expeditions. June 25, 1865, the regiment was consolidated and on July gth, moved to San Antonio, arrived there Aug. 2, and on Oct. 31st, received orders for muster out of service Noy. 15th. General Merritt, in a special order, complimented the men very highly and said that they had performed their duty with great glory and credit. The regiment was mustered out Nov. 24th, and started for home by way of New Orleans, Vicks-

The Fourth Cavalry

Company H of the Fourth Cavalry was largely recruited in Logan County, by Mindret Wemple and Franklin Fiske. The former was originally Captain of the Company, but was later promoted to Major of the Regiment, whereupon he was succeeded as Captain by Franklin Fiske, who was promoted from First Lieutenant, William P. Callon becoming Adjutant of the Regiment by promotion. The remainder of the company, as far as Logan County is concerned, was constituted as follows: Second Lieutenants, Charles H. Chapin and George N. Leoni; Sergeant, Hugh A. Work; Corporal, Alexander R. Cass; Bugler, John Hammer; Saddler, Jesse H. Calkins; Wagoner, Edgar N. Bradley; Privates, Wycoff Bower, Edward Cochran, George Carroll (died in service), James Dunham, Charles Eichler, John Fogle (promoted Corporal), George Gibbons, A. J. Hughes, William Hillman, M. C. James, Samuel Jones (died in service), John F. Kelly (died in service), John C. Knous, Charles Krum, Andrew Leonard, Thomas Long, Richard McMullin, William Murphy, Reuben H. Metcalf, John Newberry, Frant Ott, M. P. Phinney, James N. Shultz, James S. Sterling, A. S. Staggers, Isaac Smith, Charles S. Sinderson, G. Weidenbacher, Charles Walker. Veterans, Wilson Agar, W. Bower, Edward Cochran, Thomas Long, Edward McCarty, Frederick A. Miller, James S. Sterling, James N. Shultz, Charles Walker. Recruits, Henry R. Meckley, Anson McPherson, Marchall McGhee (died in service) Christian Ohmart, John W. Russell, Henry Sturges.

The Fourth Cavalry was mustered into service Sept. 26, 1861, and was ordered at once to Cairo. In December, it was assigned to General McClernard's division. It took an active part in the battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson and Shiloh. On April 6th, 1862, Major Wallace being ill, Capt. Mindret Wemple, of Mt. Pulaski, was promoted Major and was put in command of the Second Battallion, consisting of Companies E, F, G and H. After the battle of Shiloh, the Fourth did scout duty and led the van in the raid upon Purdy. It participated in the fight against Vandorn and Price near Holly Springs. It was then returned to Colliersville, where it remained until Aug. 1863, when it was ordered to Vicksburg. It was then ordered to Black River and Natchez, and at the latter place remained during the winter of 1863, and 1864, making frequent raids upon marauding bands of the enemy. In October, 1864, it was ordered back to Springfield to be mustered out. When the regiment left Cairo in February, 1862, it had about

The Tenth Cavalry

Company G, of the Tenth Cavalry was partially recruited in Logan County. As far as Logan County was concerned, it was constituted as follows: Captains, William S. Hunter (resigned Oct. 20, 1862), Zimri B. Bates (promoted from First Lieutenant); Lieutenants, Zimri B. Bates (promoted), William W. Stunnett; Sergeant, Sardius Smith; Corporals John S. Saunders, Isaac N. Simpson; Privates, Franklin Asberry, Antonio Arrighi, Robert V. Braden (died in service), Mathias Denning (died in service), William Evans, Deborn Evans, James Hibbs, William Hubbard, Albert J. Hill, John H. Lanterman, Evan M. Lewis, R. T. Lewis, John Lindaner (died in service), Patrick Miles, Owen McCue, Michael McNary, Dennis Quinn, Henry H. Smith (died in service), John B. Smith, Albert Smith, Marshall Smith (died in service), Patrick Smith, Henry Sherman, Eli Worley, John Welsh. Veterans, William Evans, Alfred J. Hill, John H. Lanterman, Richard T. Lewis, Michael McNary, Dennis Quinn, Albert Smith, A. Thorn, John Welsh. Recruits, Thomas D. Abbott, Henry B. Drake, William Pollard, Antonio Offins, William B. Strode, James Thompson, A Thorn. In Company H was Brinker Clark, who died in service. The Tenth Cavalry was organized at Camp Butler in the latter part of September, 1861, and mustered into service, Nov. 25, 1861; was engaged at Prairie Grove, Cotton Plant, Arkansas Post, in the Yazoo Pass expedition, at Richmond, La., Brownville, Bayou La Fourche and Little Rock. In February, 1864, a large portion of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, the non-veterans accompanying General Banks in his Red River Expedition. On Jan. 27, 1865, the veterans and recruits were consolidated with the Fifteenth Cavalry, and all reorganized under the name of the Tenth Illinois Veteran Volunteer Cavalry. The regiment was mustered out of service at San Antonio, Texas, Nov. 22, 1865, and received final discharge at Springfield, Jan. 6, 1866.

Sixty-Eighth Infantry

The Sixty-Eighth Infantry was enlisted in response to a call made in the early summer of 1862, by the Governor, for state troops to serve for the period of three months as state militia. Soon after the regiment was organized, a petition was circulated and generally signed by the men, asking that the terms of enlistment be changed from that of state militia to volunteers. In accordance with the petition, the Regiment was mustered in the United States Service. Company H was recruited in Logan County, as was part of Company K. Com-

Company K, as far as Logan County was concerned, was constituted as follows: Sergeant, James T. Hoblit; Corporals, Alexander M. Dement, Jefferson F. Hoyt, Thomas J. Fain; Privates, James A. Allen, Willard Algire, William B. Bates, Lewis Burk, James Burk, James Cunningham, James Cummins, Aaron Curry, Henry C. Clark, John A. Critchfield, James Deal, Sylvester S. Dalby, Edward J. Druley, Theodore M. Fain, Jefferson Hughes, George Harden, Benjamin Hendricks, Theodore Holmes, James D. Hughes, Thomas Hamilton, Benjamin Miller, Joseph McLemore (died in service), Francis M. Meadows, Henry J. Reed, Thomas D. Tuttle. In Company E were Sergeant James B. Curry, John M. Burkholder and C. F. Bowles. The Sixty-Eighth was mustered into service June 20, 1862, at Camp Butler. Leaving Camp Butler it proceeded by rail to Wheeling, West Virginia, arriving there July 7th. On July 14th it was ordered to Alexandria, where it remained during most of the term of its service, it being the work of this regiment to care for the wounded as they were sent into Alexandria

Seventy-Third Infantry

Company F of the Seventy-Third Infantry was recruited in Logan County as was a portion of Company B. Company F was constituted as follows: Captains, George Montgomery, Edwin Allsop (killed in battle) ; Lieutenants, William Barrick, Abijah Anderson, Edwin Allsop, John Spindler; Sergeants, John D. Evans, James A. Coil, Thomas D. Nolan (died in service), Harvey Long; Corporals, John Spindler (promoted Lieutenant), Johnson W. Wright, William Fyfe, Jesse L. Kinney, Robert Z. McBride (killed at Resaca), Henry W. Lunt, Wesley Long, William H. Stevens; Musicians, Edwin Montgomery, John L. Stone; Privates, Robert Applegate (died in service), Sydney Anderson, Albert Barrick, Dennis Barrick, Noah T. Barrick (promoted Corporal), Peter Boyer, William Boyer, George W. Brown, Samuel Burkett, Noah Baxter, James J. Boland (promoted Sergeant), Isaac C. Coil (died in service), Levi Cline, Jacob Chenoweth (died in service), George Duancy (promoted Corporal), Henry B. Dove, Joseph A. Davidson, Newton S. Dunn, Nelson G. Davis, Hosea Dockum, Isaac Eisiminger, Harvey Eisiminger, Philip Eichorn, William Flanegan, George W. Gardner (died in service), Mark Gordon (promoted Corporal), Berry Hobbs, John Keefer, Charles W. Keely (promoted Corporal), Morgan Level, William Lotzenhiser, J. C. Lloyd, Ezra D. McMasters, Henry McBride (promoted Sergeant), Marion McGarvey, Nicholas Mecay, Joseph Montgomery (died in service), George H. Mc- Kinney, William W. Martenie (died in service), David Martenie (died in service), Ritchey Montgomery (died in service), Levi Montgomery, John M. Nash, A. C. Newkirk, Theodore Newold (died in service), Benjamin Pounds (died in service), Enoch Preston (killed at Franklin), Ephraim Phillips, William Shaver, William Shrader (died in service), George Shrader (killed at Resaca), Philip Shaw, Jacob Spivey, William N. Stollard (died in service), John Stollard (promoted Corporal), James P. Stone, J. B. Thompson (promoted Sergeant), Archibald Thompson, William Tanberman, William B. Tipton (died in service), William Van Meter, William O. Wiley, Robert Weaver, William Weaver (killed at Franklin), Eli Worley, Cornelius Wolf (died in service), Stephen Work. Recruits, Hezekiah Briggs, John J. Cowardin, Henry Shasteen. Company B, as far as Logan County was concerned was constituted as follows: Sergeant Daniel W. Dillon, Sergeant William Marten, Daniel Bozen, John Brady, Daniel Baldwin, Frederick Beck, James P. Hannah, Henry Miller, George W. Ohmart, James Wakefield.

The Seventy-Third Infantry was organized at Camp Butler in August, 1862, and immediately became part of General Buell's army. It was in every battle fought by the Army of Cumberland, from October, 1862, until the rout of General Hood's army, at Nashville, at the close of the war. The dead of the regiment are found at Perryville, Stone River, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, in East Tennessee, at various battlefields between, then at the succession of battlefields which marked the campaign from Chattanooga to the fall of Atlanta. When Sherman pushed down south, the Seventh-Third remained with General Thomas. It formed a part of Opéndyke's brigade at Franklin and lost its last man in driving Hood's army from Nashville. It was more than once complimented by its generals. It actively participated at the battles of Pine Mountain, Lost Mountain, New Hope Church, Marietta, Jonesboro and Spring Hill. It had 52 men killed outright, 102 died of disease and 16 died in prison, making 21 5 in all. It had II2 men wounded and 34 captured. It left the state the largest and returned one of the smallest regiments in the service. It was mustered out of service at Nashville, June 12, 1865, and a few days later was discharged at Springfield.