Massac County, Illinois - Chapter 19: Pope County Historical Reminiscences, 1900 (part 3 of 4)

At Hutsonville he learned telegraphy and gradually rose in positions of responsibility in the railroad service. lie was agent at Metropolis, Princeton, Ky., and Paducah, Ky At the latter place he was not only agent but was made cashier of the freight department. His railroad service covered 14 years.

In 1895 he went into the furniture and undertaking business in Metropolis. In 1897 he was elected mayor and reelected in 1899 by an increased majority. As mayor the water and light bonded indebtedness has been reduced |4,000.00. The old levee bonds refunded at a saving of |780 interest annually, a public library established, and Franklin park, so beautified that it is a popular resort for the best citizens; NA'ashington park has also been reclaimed, while several miles of graveled streets, blocks of granitoid walks and an improved water and light plant unexcelled by any similar city stand as evidences of his administration.

Hon. William H. Green

Willis Green, the grandfather, was one of the earliest settlers of Kentucky, first delegate from the district of Kentucky to the Virginia legislature, clerk of the first district court, and registrar of the Kentucky land office.His ancestry came originally (1630) from the province of Leinster, Ireland, and settled in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. Dr. Duff Green was his son, a thoroughly educated and practical physician, who married Lucy, niece of Simon Kenton, the noted frontiersman, of Scotch descent.

William Henry Green, son of Dr. and Mrs. Duff Green, was bom Dec. 8, 1830, in Boyle county, Ky. He secured a classical education at Centre college, Danville, Ky., of which institution his learned uncle. Rev. Lewis W. Green, D. D., was president. In 1847 the family moved to Mount Vernon, 111., where Dr. Green practiced his profession until his death, 1857.

When 17 young William Henry began life on his own account, taught school in Benton, Franklin county, Illinois, and for three years in St. Lo'uis county, Mo. During this time he read law under Judge Walter B. Scates, the first judge assigned to the bench of Massac county, and chief justice of the supreme court of Illinois. In 1852 he was admitted to the bar and practiced about a year in Jefferson county, when he removed to Metropolis, 111., enjoying a lucrative practice for ten years and purchased large tracts of land, among them "Old Ft. Massac."

In 1858 as a democrat he was elected a member of the House in the twenty-first General Assembly from the Second Senatorial district. Speaker William R. Morrison appointed him chairman of the committee on judiciary and he be>'ame a leader of his party and an admirer of Stephen A. Douglas, who was elected United States Senator. In 1860 he was returned but his party was in the minority of which side he became the leader. In 1863 he was elected to the Senate and was his party's leader in that body on committees and on the floor of the Senate. In 1865 he was elected circuit judge in the third judicial circuit and served three years. Excepting this interval he has been district attorney for the Illinois Central railroad.

He was a delegate to the national conventions of his party during 1860, '64 and '68 and a member of the state central committee for years. Since 1861 he has been appointed and re-appointed a member of the State Board of Education. He is a strong believer in the principles of the christian religion and a vigorous defender of the same. In 1854 he married Miss Ann Ia Hughes, daughter of James E. Hughes, of Morganlield, Ky., who is the mother of two sons, DufiE and Eeed, named in honor of ancestors. Mrs. Green died in 1865 and Mr. Green in 1S68 was united in marriage to Miss Louise Hughes, sister of Ills former wife.

In manner Judge Green is a polished gentleman and his conversation is sprightly, terse, instructive and entertaining, flowing as it does from a well filled fountain of intelligence and seasoned with the wisdom of over a half century of wide experience. He is kind, considerate and modest. In the forum he is logical, resourceful and ornate. At the bar he is an able, judicious and fearless advocate, ranking among the best lawyers of the state.

Hon. George E. Martin

George E. Martin, Mound City, was born in Osage, Tranklin county, Illinois, July 7, 1865, attended the rural schools finished his education at the Southern Illinois Normal university, and taught school a number of years.

In 1893 he was admitted to the bar after having finished his legal education at the Weslej^an University, Bloomiugton, 111., and located in Mound City. He was elected a repr3iientative in the forty-first General Assembly of Illinois from the Fifty-first Senatorial district, and in 1900 was elected state's attorney of Pulaski county on the republican ticket. He also did acceptable campaign work.

Rev. W. T. Morris

Jesse Morris, great grandfather, was a Virginian whose English ancestry early came to America. His son, -James E., was born in Virginia and moved to West Tennessee, entered land, was a slave holder, and died there. His son, Milton D., was born in Weakley county, Tennessee, Dec. 31, 1828, was reared on a farm and was also a teacher of vocal music. In 1865 he moved to McCracken county, Ky., near Pa'Jucah, thence to Illinois, near Hillernian, Massac county, in ;ibout 1890, where he resided until his death May 1, 1897.

Nancy C. Grimes, who became the wife of M. D. Morris, was the daughter of Robert Grimes, a native of North Carolina; he emigrated to middle Tennessee, thence to Kentucky, -later Metropolis, 1868 or '69, and died on his farm near the Powers church, 1883. She is still living.

William Thomas Morris, son of Milton D. and Nancy C. Morris, was born in Weakley county, Tenn., July 24, 1853, attended subscription schools until he came to his Grandfather Grimes in 1874, when he completed the common school course in our city schools. He aspired to the law but ill health changed his course and in 1879 he purchased and operated a threshing machine for three months, during which time 40,000 bushels were threshed at 5 cents a bushel.

He had been a local preacher a year and on the day he quit threshing a call was sent to him by Presiding Elder Wallar to take charge of the McLeansboro circuit. He could not go, but in February, 1880, took charge of the Liberty circuit, Enfield, 111.

In the fall of 1880 he entered the Southern Illinois Academy at Enfield and completed his academic education and joined the Southern Illinois annual conference in September, 1883, and has continuously grown in influence as a pastor and minister of ability, and high character, holding not only the circuits but such stations as St. Elmo, three years; Fairfield, three years, and now in his second year in Metropolis. During his labors here the church has materially advanced along all lines and the indebtedness of the congregation for their handsome building shown elsewhere is being rapidly and surelypaid.

In McLeansboro he married Miss Nettie L. Summers, who died at Fairfield, May 12, 1897, and on September 22, 1898, he was united in marriage to Mrs. Anna B. Goldburgh, of Fairfield.

Brooklyn Precinct

When Elijah McCormick, Sr., came to Illinois in 1819 there was a lone log cabin situated on the present site of Brooklyn, occupied by a colored family. The state of Illinois had been admitted one year. In the fifties the land was OAvned by Captain Davis, an early river man, and while in his possession was laid out as a town in 1850 and chartered by a special act of the legislature in 1855, twelve years after Massac became a county. The point was then known as the Davis Landing.

The early history of Brooklyn is quite interesting. Along in the fifties parties could lay out a town, place a value upon the land, deposit a plat of said town with the auditor of state, establish a private, free, or wild-cat bank, and issue paper money to the value of said lots. Men living in Massac county accordingly "laid off" the village, drew a map of the same, which also showed the railroad survey upon which they claimed a road was "sure to be built immediately," valued the lots at 1400.00 an acre and issued their wild-cat money thereon from their bank, offices of which were opened in Metropolis and Brooklyn. Then it was that men carried what was called a detector with which to compare the thousands of dollars of flat money, to determine the genuine. Then it was that a creditor dodged the debtor and locked his door at night for fear of being paid on account in currency that the next hour might prove worthless.

Soon after this Brooklyn went down and did not revive until the war, when a slight "boom" struck the town and it increased in population but again started down hill until the coming of the railroad in 1888. Along with the railroad came the "boot-legger," who promiscuously sold whiskey to man and boy until the good citizens proposed to stop lawlessness which made the nights hideous.

ernment for self-protection. In 1890 the organization was changed to that of a village nnder the general statute and has been so conducted since. Dr. J. D. Young became the first mayor and served a number of terms; William Pell succeeded him for several terms, who was followed by Dr. C. A. Mozeley, he, by O. H. Margrave, and Mr. Pell is mayor at present.

Brooklyn lies across the Ohio river and a little below Paducah, Ky. It is on the Illinois shore in Massac county, Illinois, and is the second largest city in the county, but in point of growth surpasses them all. At the coming of the railroad the inhabitants did not exceed 100 souls, but it gradually increased in size and volume of business until it has attained its present enviable proportions. Within the last three years the population has more than doubled, the volume of business greatly increased, the quality of buildings improved, and the character of the little city changed. It now contains fully 1,500 people, intelligent, industrious and moral.

The Christian church is a splendid building and that body maintains a large congregation. The Methodist Episcopal church also has a neat and commodious house of worship. The Missionary Baptists have an organization and are a potent factor for good. The colored people also maintain an African Methodist, General Baptist and Missionary Baptist churches.

In 1870 they had no school. Four years ago (1896) two white teachers and one colored teacher instructed the children. Their school houses were over crowded frames. Today they have a two-story brick, high school, heated with a furnace, fitted with slate black board and well equipped throughout with helpful apparatus and books. Professor A. L. Whittenburg, a professional teacher of experience and good record, is principal. He has prepared a three-year high school course and presented the same to the Board of Education in a neatly printed pamphlet. The common school course of the state is used as the basis below the high school. Miss Anna Farrow, a graduate of Metropolis schools, is his assistant. Mesdames G. Lay Wolfe and Fannie Williamson, both excellent teachers, are the instructors of the grades. One colored teacher is employed.

The first Board of Education, six members and a presi-' dent, was elected in April, 1000. Mrs. Durham is president. The members are Andrew Utterback, O. H. Margrave, Mrs. Dr. C. A. Mozley, John Chapman, John Black and Mrs. P. H. Murray. They are extending every possible aid to the teachers and propose to maintain a school system worthy their progressive little city.

The reason for this growth is due first to the character of the pushing business men; second, to the most excellent farming community which surrounds the little city; third, to the transfer of the Illinois Central trains across the Ohio river at this point, and the location of their extensive train yard-s there; and fourth, to the fact that it has been made the transfer point of freight from the steamboats to the railroiid for northern markets and especially' the greatest distributing point for railroad ties in the world. These are made on the timberlands of the Ohio, Cumberland, Tennessee and Wabash and either rafted or shipped in huge barges to Brooklyn to be transferred by the millions to the railroads. Over five thousand dollars each week are paid the tie laborers in wages. At one time 32 steamboats were moving about the wharf while the author counted nine on Nov. 20, 1900, and this is below the average daily number to be seen there. The United States dredge boat is now lengthening the harbor.

The Brooklyn Eagle, a six column quarto, was established by Messrs. Page and Wolfe in August, 1898, and is stiil published by the latter, G. Lay Wolfe. It has a large circulation and has been a material aid in the development of Brooklyn.

The character of the buildings has undergone a marvelous change. From the average river town house of logs, boards, etc., there are being erected at any time from three to ten modern frame dwellings, while lately J. R. Smith & Sons of Paducah have erected a commodious three apartment, twostory brick business house to be occupied by the Utterback Brothers. Several more will be built in the spring. It is a question of only a short time when a bank will also be instituted.

The present hustling village board is composed of William Pell, mayor; 0. M. Morglin, city clerk; Felix Kalbacker, treasurer; R. B. Lytton, marshal; police magistrate, Judge Deegan; Messrs. J. L. Massie, A. M. J. Todd, P. H. Murray, G. W. Bussel, John Chapman and Joseph Phillips, aldermen. They meet the evening of the first Tuesday of each month.

Andrew Utterback and Butterworth conduct an extensive grocery as does also 0. Marshal; A. P. Utterback & Co. have conducted a large dry goods and furnishing store for several years; J. L. Massie maintains an immense general store, as do also O. S. Butler and John Chapman; Smith Utterback sells a fine line of hardware exclusively, while J. L. King keeps the furniture store; Felix Kalbacker is the baker and grocer; Mrs. J. E. Dingman and E. McCormick each have a stock of general merchandise; Dr. M. M. Glass and E. Baugh each conduct first-class drug stores; Jacob Fry is the proprietor and operator of the Brooklyn flouring mills. There are two barber shops, four saloons, the Brooklyn cedar post factory, A. J. Weaver's livery stable, the round house, oflQces of the Ayre & Lord Tie Company, the William Dugger and H. W. Meyer hotels, Drs. Young, Johnson, Mozeley, Dodd and Glass, practicing Physicians; Attorney Henley, and as a most important factor, Jasper Margrave, real estate agent.

The largest private enterprise is the milling interest of O. H. Margrave, ex-mayor of Brooklyn. Mr. Margrave began with a saw mill on the river front, cutting building and wagon timbers. He has by business sagacity and energy gradually expanded until he is now constructing a large saw mill and planing mill of enormous capacity, which will be a great assistance to the city.

Today Brooklyn offers superior river and railroad facilities to manufacturing industries and is ready and willing to cooperate in the location of the same.

tors, who had formerly settled at Jamestown, Va., in an early day. He was a slave holder and raised a regiment for the Mexican war. He wielded considerable influence politically and many politicians of wide reputation visited him. In lS8o he died in Mt. Vernon, 111., while passing through that place. His wife was Anna Stilly, whose ancestry was of North Carolina, where she was born. She married her husband in Henry county, Tennessee, 1841. While visiting her son, the doctor, in Pellonia, she died Dec. 23, 1880.

John Decatur Young was born to Elijah and Anna Young in Henry county, Tennessee, Oct. 18, 1844. He attended Bethel Academy one year and was principally educated under the private instruction of his cousin, who was a proficient teacher.

Upon the death of his father, the estate was declared insolvent and at the early age of eleven years our subject was thrown upon his own responsibility and the care of a widowed mother with three other children became his portion. Though never taught to labor the brave lad farmed courageously from 1855 to 1860, when the family came to New Colombia, Illinois, and had 25 cents upon their arrival. He farmed until July, 1802, when he enlisted in Company B, 120th Illinois regiment, and served until the close of the war. During his war service he served six months in the prison hell, Andersonville.

Returning from the war he again farmed and married Miss Lucy, daughter of Mr. Calhoun, New Colombia, Illinois. In 1868 he rented out the farm and began the study of medicine with Drs. Norris and Bratton. In 1870 he came to Pellonia and entered his profession, and matriculated in the Louisville Medical College in 1873, graduating in 1874. After practicing successfully for the fourth of a century he retired in 1899 on account of failing health. He has been an active member of all the leading medical societies and has been a member of the pension board of United States examining physicians and surgeons, and was removed in 1884 for offensive partisanship. Besides work along lines of his chosen profession Dr.

Young was the first mayor of Brooklyn, serving several rcrms, member of the school board and elected president of the Board of Education in December, 1900. In 1880 he was elected by the republicans as a member of the legislature of Illinois and -was chairman of the committee which secured the passage of a bill to make the extensive and valuable geological survey of Illinois under the direction of Professor Northern. He has been prominently mentioned for state senator and congressman, but ill-health has always interfered. Mrs. Laura Adkins, wife of Dr. Adkins, and States Attorney F. E. Young are their only children.

Mitchell Pell

Mr. Mitchell Pell was born and reared in Indiana. In 1836 he married Susan J. Badger, who died August, IS-tO, and he married Miss E. A. Badger December 7, 1841. Several children were born but died early. Elizabeth Josephine, however, was born at Rose Claire, 111., where her parents lived, Jan. 8, 1844. She is now Mrs. Samuel Atwell of Metropolis. Mrs. Pell died Dec. 31, 1845, and Mr. I'ell was married to M. A. Steele April 8, 1847, and she died March 30, 1851.

March 24, 1801, Mr. Pell was united in marriage to Rebecca Louisa Patterson and they are the parents of three living children, ^A'illiam, born July 25, 1862; Mitchell, Jr., born March 16, 1871, and Alma Alice, born April 2, 1867, and now the wife of Phillip H. Murray, one of Brooklyn's leading citizens. Mrs. Pell still lives in the old home in Brooklyn. Mr. Pell went to Metropolis to invoice a cargo of meat, etc., purchased there for him preparatory to its being sent down the river. His horse was at the home of Ms son-in-law. Captain Samuel Atwell, and while going from the wharf to the house he was stricken with paralysis and died Jan. 24, 1871.

Mr. Pell was one of the early citizens of Brooklyn, coming before 1850. In fact, he materially aided in the development of the village. He was a Methodist and republican. When he first came to Brooklyn his health was very poor.

William Henry Clay Pell, oldest son of Mitchell and Rebecca Louisa Pell, born in Brooklyn, July 25, 1861, educated in the common schools, conducted a grocery for a number of years, sold out, bought the tow boat ''Maggie Belle" and has for several years been engaged in the tie business.

He has served his city in many ways, was elected mayor a number of terms and when the citizens cast about for a suitable candidate last spring he was prevailed upon to again serve them. Mr. Pell is a zealous and influential republican and lives with his mother in the old hoome to comfort and protect her in her old age.

Dr. Charlie Almus Mozley is the son of Captain J. T. Mozley of Co. B, 120th Illinois, and Margaret E. (Worley) Mozley. His father was a native of Tennessee, who came to Grantsburg township, Johnson county and has established a splendid fruit farm. His mother, formerly Miss Margaret E. Worley, was born in Johnson county.

The natal day of Dr. Charles A. Mozley was September 27, 1872, on his father's farm in Johnson county. 111. He was educated in the public schools and spent his early years in agriculture.

He held a teacher's certificate, but never taught. Instead he began to read medicine in 1890 with Drs. Bratton and Mc- Call of Vienna, Johnson county. In September, 1890, he matriculated in the college of Physicians at St. Louis, Mo., and graduated March 4, 1892.

Returning home he formed a partnership in the practice of medicine with Dr. Walker at Wartrace P. O., Old Grantsburg, Johnson county, 111., which continued until he located at Hillerman, Massac county, Illinois, in May, 1893, remaining there three years when he located at Brooklyn, Illinois, April,

Dr. And Mrs. C. A, Mozley Elder And Mrs. G. Lay Wolfe

1896, and has built up a splendid practice. December 1, 1900, he graduated in the correspondence course of the College of Hygiene, Champaign, 111.

From June, 1899, to July 1900, he conducted a drug store iu Brooklyn. In 1899 and 1900 he was secretai-y of the local board of health, conducting the delicate correspondence with the state board during the great epidemic of small pox. In L898 he was elected mayor of Brooklyn and serTcd with credit.

June 25, 1893, he and Miss Ella Phillips were married. She is the daughter of Joseph and Perniua Phillips and was born June 6, 1875, in Franklin county, 111. Mrs. Mozley has been a successful teacher and is at present clerk of the Brooklyn Board of Education. They have one child Paul Phillips, born September 29, 1895.

Elder G. Lay Wolfe

Elder G. Lay Wolfe, editor and publisher of the Brooklyn Eagle, is the son of E. Jay Wolfe, a veteran of the Civil war in company D, 8th Illinois. He was born in Delaware county, Indiana, Feb. 10, 1859, reared on a farm and attended the common school.

He established circulating libraries a number of years and became conversant with many of our best authors. In March, 1891, he was converted and united with the Christian church at Cisne, Illinois, and on July 3, 1891, was married to Miss Minnie Truscott of that place.

A desire to preach tlie gospel lay hold upon him and to better prepare for the ministry he attended Eureka college. He has been pastor of the Christian churches at Heyworth, Kenney, Vienna and Brooklyn, Ills., serving three years with the latter congregation. His strongest faculty, however, is in the evangelistic field, having held meetings with marked success in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri and Tennessee.

In Kenney he purchased "The Herald," an independent weekly newspaper, which he greatly improved and sold. In August, 1898, in connection with O. J. Page, he founded the

Brooklyn Eagle, at first an independent, but later a republican weekly newspaper of large circulation and inestimable value to Brooklyn, and which he still publishes. In the late campaign he made a number of telling speeches.

Mrs. Minnie, wife of G. Lay Wolfe, is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Truscott, Cisne, Wayne county, Illinois, born March 1, 1867. She received a good education and early became a teacher, filling many of the best positions offered by her profession in her native county, and receiving the highest commendations of her superintendents.

In 1891 she married Mr. Wolfe and was appointed postmaster of Oisne by President McKinley. She is one of the teachers at present in the Brooklyn public schools, giving abundant satisfaction.

Dwight R. Stone

Dwight Roland Stone is the son of James Stone, born Feb. 14, 1845, in Calloway county, Ky. His father was born near Nashville, Tenn., April 12, 1810, farmed, taught school, moved to western Kentucky and was county surveyor. He died in Graves county, Ky., Jan. 1, 1881. Roland Stone, grandfather of our subject, came from Londonderry, Ireland, when three years of age, and died in about 1850 at a ripe oid age. His mother's maiden name was Paulina Hicks, born in Henry county, Tenn., about 181C, and died Dec. 23, 1880, in the same room, where her husband died one week later. Her farther, William M. Hicks, hunted and fought the Indians in Tennessee with Davie Crockett. His father was killed by the Tories in South Carolina during the Revolution. William Absher, her maternal grandfather, was a Revolutionary soldier who was with Washington at Yorktown.

Dwight R. Stone attended subscription school, labored on the farm while young and when the war broke out served several years with his brother as a Union scout in western Kentucky and Tennessee. In June, 1864, he enlisted at Paducah in the First Kentucky State Guards, third battalion, com-

Mr. And Mrs. Dwight R. Stone

In 1870 Mr. Stone came to Massac county, located on a farm three miles from Brooklyn, which he sold in 189S and has resided in Brooklyn several years, where he has an eleij;ant home.

In politics Mr. Stone is zealously republican, has served his community as constable for five terms, village marshal of Bi'ooklyn, township treasurer, 6-5, for twelve years, and is a deputy sheriff at present.

February 6, 1865, he and Miss Hannah J. Congleton were married. She is the daughter of James Congleton, a veteran of both the Mexican and civil wars, and was born June 25, 1849, in Graves county, Ky. They have no children.

Marshal

Solomon Lytton,- Sr., was the son of Caleb Lytton, who settled on the site of Evansville, Ind., and died there. Solomon came to Illinois in 1827 and settled in Brooklyn precinct. He later occupied a farm in Washington precinct and died in about 1877. His wife was Miss Ada Babb, daughter of Caleb Babb, of Kentucky. She died four years before her husband. They were the parents of nineteen children, of whom six are yet living.

Solomon Lytton, Jr., one of the sons, was born in Washington precinct May 5, 1839, and Catherine King, who became his wife, was born Aug. 30, 1843, in the same precinct. She was the daughter of Reuben King. They were married Nov. 3, 1859, and have five boys: James B., Amaziah, Robert B., Charles E., Arthur and Eugene, and two girls, Mamie and Ella. Mr. Lytton has been school director and justice of the peace. They live in Brooklyn, where he buys grain. Mr. Lytton and his father were members of the first republican convention in Massac county.

He served on the school board when just old enough, and road commissioner of district No. 2 for three years. He was precinct committeeman on the republican county central committee for a number of years.

In February, 1896, he went to Brooklyn and engaged in the carpenter's trade. May 3rd, 1899, he was elected Tillage marshal and re-elected by a handsome plurality in 1900, which office he now holds. He was elected president of the Brooklyn McKinley and Yates club during the campaign. For two years he was a volunteer in company G-, eighth Illinois state guards, and when the company was disbanded served two years more in the Fourth regiment. He is a member of Orestes lodge Knights of Pythias No. 268, is affable, gentle, manly and has many friends.

George Rush Postmaster

Dr. Benjamin Rush was a member of the continental congress from Pennsylvania and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. George Eush, grandfather of our subject, was a native of New Jersey, the father of Dr. C. S. Rush, who was born in New Jersey Aug. 26, 1824, reared in Philadelphia and graduated as a pharmacist and physician.

For several years he practiced his profession and kept a drug store in the Quaker City, later coming to Padncah, Ky., where he conducted a drug store. Here he met and married Harriet E. Vance about 1849. She was born in West Virginia. There eleven children were born, Charles and Owen D. live in Massac county, William V. lives in New Hope, Saline County, and Agnes E. is the wife of John S. Lewis, a leading citizen of Carbondale, 111. In 1853 Dr. Rush moved f^^om Paducah, Ky., to his large farm in Washington precinct, Massac county, where he built up an extensive practice. He has lived in Metropolis since 1891 and is now retired.

tended the public schools and in 1870 began clerking in A. D. Davis, dry goods store, Metropolis, which he continued to do for three and one-half years. His health being bad he carpentered, went south and thence to Corning, Iowa, where he clerked ten years and returned to Washington precinct to open a grocery store.

Later he moved to Brooklyn before the railroad came and opened a store. He purchased and disposed of five different stocks of goods in Brooklyn during his experience as a merchant.

In 1891 he entered the service of the Ohio and Mississippi Towing Co. and in the fall of 1892 purchased their towboat and barges. The panic set in and property previously very valuable became practically worthless. A storm also wrecked the towboat requiring |1,400 to repair and refloat it. The outfit was sold to parties who failed to pay for it and resulted in a total loss. In February, 1900, he entered the employ of the Naugle, Holcomb & Co. as their shipping clerk.

Although a partisan republican Mr. Eush was appointed postmaster by Grover Cleveland during his first term and continued under President Harrison. He was re-appointed under President McKinley. The office paid |75.00 a year when he was first made postmaster. It pays |600 and clerk hire now.

August 5, 1878, he and Miss Lizzie Stockton, of Philadelphia, were married. She was born and reared in that city and is a close descendant of Commodore Stockton. They have three children, Owen J., Helen L. and Herbert.

Jacob W. Fry

Jacob W. Fry is the son of Henry Fry, descendant of the good old Pennsylvania German stock. His mother was Esther Kinser, also of Pennsylvania, While married they lived in Green county, Tennessee, where August 22, 1833, their son Jacob was born.

Jacob W. moved into Washington precinct in 1847. He married Miss Mary A. Dye Sept. 6, 1854, and she is still living. ITiey went to housekeeping in the neighborhood, but he being of a mechanical turn of mind they moved to Metropolis in 1856. In 1883 they went to Kentucky, where Mr. Fry operated a saw and flour mill of his own and in 1893 came to Brooklyn, Illinois.

Since then he has been connected with all forward movements to upbuild his chosen city. He owns and- operates the Brooklyn flouring mills and does a good business. Mr. and Mrs. Fry are the parents of eleven children, all of whom are dead except their son, John W., who lives at Melber, McCracken county, Kentucky, and conducts a large mill, store and is postmaster.

All his life Mr. Fry has been a zealous christian. He was converted and joined the Methodist church in 1854. in 1856 he united with the Baptist congregation at Waldo, became their deacon, changed to Metropolis congregation and served as deacon and trustee. He also holds those important positions in the church at Brooklyn.

Lewis Cummins

The grandfather of Lewis Cummins was Zachariah Cummins, born in England and early emigrated to Virginia, residing several years near Eichmond. He and Daniel Boone went to Kentucky together. Mr. Cummins purchased and improved a large tract of land in Trimble county, Kentucky, where he lived until 1836, when he sold everything and came to Pope county, Illinois. Later he lived with his children in Johnson county, and died at 76 years of age. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. His wife was a Miss Lydia Arnett, born in North Carolina, a practicing physician of repute and died in Johnson county.

and physician. He, his second wife and three children accompanied his father, Zachariah, to Illinois on a flatboat in 1830. When he landed at Metropolis there were six houses and the county sparsely settled. He purchased forty acres of land in Grantsburg township, Johnson county, entered IGO more and lived there until his death at the age of 81 years. His wife was Sarah Gabbart, of German ancestry, born in Mercer county. Ky., and died in Trimble county.

Lewis Cummins was born in Ti-imble county, Ky., Dec. 27, 1821. His mother died when he was eighteen mouths old, was raised by his maternal grandparents and at 16 years of age became overseer of his grandfather's immense plantation, lie was a soldier in the Mexican war, later superintended his uncle's ways at Smithland, Ky., about three years, then came to Johnson countj'. 111. He purchased a farm in Grantsburg township, built a log house, was successful in farming and in 1865 entered the mercantile business at Metropolis.

September, 1849, he married Miss Maiy J. Comer, born in Halifax county, Virginia, and daughter of John E. and Martha (Epps) Comer. John T., Zachariah, America Belle, wife of Mr. J. C. Howell, all of Metropolis and Lewis tt., deceased are their children. Mr. and Mrs. Cummins were Methodists. Mr. Cummins was a Mason of many years and at his death May 3, 1898, he was interred under the services of that order.

John T. Cummins, D. D. S., son of Lewis Cummins, was born in Grantsburg township, Johnson county, HI., Aug. 30th, 1852. He labored on the farm, attended the early schools and two terms at the seminary, clerked in his father's stoi'e and began the practice of dentistry in 1875, continuing until the present. He took a seminary course in dentistry at Terre Haute, Ind., and further pursued the work at Ann Arbor, Mich. In 1877 he graduated at the Chicago Dental college, and to further improve himself took a practitioner's course in 1890, and a post graduate course in 1895. With 32 applicants he stood examination before the United States post graduate association and was one of thirteen who passed. He was treasurer of the southern branch of the State Dental society, has appeared on the program before that body in "demonstration work" several times and is at present librarian of the society. In 1891 he was one of the dental examiners for five counties in southern Illinois and a member of the World's Colombian Dental college in 1893.

For a number of years he has maintained an office at Golconda as well as Metropolis. He will, however, discontinue the former because his practice in his home city has gradually increased, demanding his whole time. No more elegant apartments are to be found anywhere than the suite of dental parlors in the Temple building.

Dr. Cummins was married to Miss Luella Eankins, daughter of Captain Benjamin Rankin, in 1875. She was born in Massac county, 111. They have had two children, both dead. He is an Odd Fellow, Knight of Honor, and Knight of Pythias. He was re-elected alderman of Metropolis in 1900 by an increased majority.

Rev. Eben Muse

The subject of this sketch was born Oct. 31, 1839, in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, took his college and seminary course at Danville, Kentucky, was licensed by the presbytery of Ebenezer April 11th, 1863, and ordained by the presbytery of Chilicothe, May, 1864.

He was stated supply of the Mount Vernon church, 1883, and of the Metropolis church 1885-1886, when he was called to the pastorate of the Presbyterian church, Quincy, Mass., a suburb of Boston. This was perhaps the largest New England church, numbering about 1,700 communicants, and Eev. Muse occupied the pulpit until his death, which occurred July 23rd, 1891. July 25th he was interred in Mount Wollaston cemetery, overlooking the ocean. Of his services the Quincy Ledger said: "He was eminently successful in establishing a strong church, particularly in numbers."

Mrs. William Martin

our subject, raised under Southern skies, early enlisted in the Union army in 1861, fought until disabled, was sick for a year after being discharged and gave fl,000, all his .noney, to aid in crushing the rebellion. In his lecture delivered before many Grand Army posts, we find this noble sentiment: "Don't forget the dead and don't forget the dying. While this is not the land of the living, but of the dying, and pre-eminently so of the soldier. With muffled drums, with impaired bodies and aching, honest hearts we're marching to the grave, and we trust that as in this cradle of American liberty (Boston) citizens cherish the memories of men who died by that cradle in centuries past, so they will, too, cherish the memory of the men who suffered or died to disenthrall the manhood evolved from that cradle of American liberty and regenerated it in the second birth of tears and woe."

In April, 1871, Rev. Muse and Miss Laura Jones of Centreville, Indiana, were married. They have two sons, E. Courte and Earnest E., who with their mother reside at Metropolis, Illinois.

William Martin

Isaac Martin, father of William, was born in Virginia December, 1802, early left an orphan but carefully reared and educated by a good Quaker family at Yincennes, Indiaua. In 1818 he went to Lebanon, Ohio, and learned the trade of a stone mason, which he continued for a number of years. In 1828 he located in Adams county, Ohio, purchased heavily wooded real estate, cleared the same, erected a log cabin, farmed, prospered and entered Illinois land also. He married Miss Amanda, daughter of Amsiali Davidson, to whom ten children were born: John, James, Andrew J., and Isaac C, farmers in Ohio; Jane and Eobinson, deceased; Amsiah, a farmer of Iowa; Sarah, widow of J. C. Cockerel; William and Mary, wife of John Hannah. William Martin was born in Adams county, Ohio, Jan. 27th, 1842, on the farm, learned to work, secured a good common school education. At 18 he enlisted in company F, First Ohio Light Artillery, and saw hard service at Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Deca- tur. August, 18G5, he was discharged and in 1866 came to Illinois to occupy land given him by his father. Spring, summer and autumn were spent in clearing and improving the farm, while for twelve winters he taught school. Mr. Martin is a practical surveyor and served one term as county surveyor. He has always been a zealous member of the Methodist church, holding license as an exhorter. Fraternally he is a Mason, Odd Fellow and Grand Army man, and was an F. M. B. A.

February 15, 1866, he married Miss Marion Ellen, daughter of William L. Blair, of Ohio. They were parents of two children, Miss Annie M. and William I., now deceased. Mrs. Martin was born Feb. 15, 1841, and died Feb. 19, 1900. She was a most lovable woman and an exemplary member of society and church circles.

Hon. George W. Pillow

Hon. George H. Pillow was born in Metropolis, Illinois. May 15, 1850, the son of Captain P. B. Pillow, then a prominent citizen of Massac county, who bore the distinction of holding a commission from the governor of Illinois as captain of the Regulators organized to suppress concerted violators of the law.

When George was only two years old he was taken by his parents to Gallatin county, where he has since resided. In early years he lived on the farm and attended the rural schools. In 1868 he was apprenticed to Karcher and Scanland, spending fourteen years at the bench and during the latter years he read law at odd hours during the day and late into the uight.

He was admitted to the bar in 1882, since which time he has been actively engaged in the practice of his profession, which has reached far beyond the limits of his own jounty, and he has won an enviable reputation as a strong practitioner in criminal cases.

An eloquent and forceful speaker, an enthusiastic republican, he wields a decided influence in each campaign. He was the nominee of his party for congress in 1890 in the nine- teenth district, overwhelmingly democratic, was the nominee for state's attorney of Gallatin county, solidly democratic, in 1896, running 147 votes ahead of his colleagues, and in 1898 was nominated for the legislature, but was defeated. Mr. Pillow has many friends in this county and he has always loved his birthplace.

Hon. Oliver A. Marker Circuit Judge

Hon. Oliver A. Harker is the son of a Methodist minister and was born in Wayne county, Ind., fifty -three years ago. He attended the public schools and entered college, but left to serve in the Federal army in the war of the Rebellion for nine months as a private in company D, 67th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and on detailed service in the quartermaster's department at Nashville, Tenn.

Entering McKendree College, Lebanon, 111., he graduated in 1866, was principal of the Vienna, 111., public schools from 1867 to 1868, read law in the University of Indiana and practiced his profession eight years at Vienna.

Governor Cullom appointed him circuit judge in August, 1878, and the republicans have nominated and elected him successively in 1879, 1885, 1891 and 1897. In June, 1891, he was appointed one of the appellate judges for the second district of Illinois, in which capacity he now serves.

Miss Siddie A. Bain of Vienna became his wife in 1870, and they have two sons, George M. and Oliver A., Jr., and one daughter, Winifred. Their home is in Carbondale but the judge has many warm friends in this county from long associations at the bar.

Judge Joseph P. Robarts

Joseph P. Robarts, circuit judge, was born March 2, 1849, in Godfrey, Madison county, 111., the son of Dr. James Robarts, formerly of Philadelphia. His father was born May 5, 1814, graduated at Jeiferson Medical College in 1836, moved to

Brownsville, then the county seat of Jackson county, from thence to Godfrey, and in 1858 to Carbondale, Ills., where he died in 1890. He was originally a whig, was the anti-slavery candidate for the legislature against Dr. John, father of John A. Logan, became a pronounced republican, enlisted in the rebellion as brigade surgeon and rendered valuable and faithful service. His wife was Sarah M. Crandall, married 1848. She was born in 1824 in Rhode Island, reared in Rochester, New York, in 1842 moved to Brighton, 111., and died in Oarbondale, 111., in 1891.

Joseph P. Eobarts, their son, attended the public schools and the Illinois Military Academy at Fulton, Whiteside county, 111. He was sent to the military academy to prevent his following the army, as he attempted to enlist at 13 years of age. In 1864 he held a commission from Governor Yates as first lieutenant in the academy. When he left school he s.^rved three years apprenticeship under John H. Barton, publisher of the New Era, Carbondale, worked as journeyman on the Cairo Daily Bulletin, John H. Overby, publisher, and in 1873 established the Jackson County Era, Murphysboro, Illiuois, with great success.

Having read the "Burr Trial" he decided to become a lawyer, read law under Hon. A. E. Pugh, Murphysboro, and was admitted Feb. 1880. He at once removed to Mound City, Pulaski county, 111., practiced law, was elected county judge, and in 1891 was chosen one of the circuit judges of the First judicial circuit and re-elected in 1897.

Besides the judicial, honors conferred upon him he vas in 1873 elected assistant door keeper of the House of Representatives, state's attorney for Pulaski county in 1881, and in 1883 was appointed commissioner of the Southern Illinois penitentiary by Governor Hamilton. Always an ardent republican, he has served in many campaigns, and has been a delegate to almost every degree of party conventions, in 1892 representing his district in the national convention at Minneapolis.

George W. Young

nois Volunteer Regiment. Sbe is also a second cousin of General John A. Logan. Fraternally Judge Eobarts ii^ Master and Royal Arch Mason, Knight Templar, Knight of Pythias, Knight of Honor and Odd Fellow. He stands six feet in height and weighs 300 pounds. He is cordial, broad minded and has many friends.

Judge George W. Young Marion, Ill

Judge George W. Young was born February 8, 1S45, in A'N'illiamson cojinty, Illinois; left an orphan at the age of 2 years; was raised by a farmer of limited means, who died in 1859 leaving him at the age of fourteen without a preceptor or anyone to care for him. He learned to read and write at a subscription school. He left his native heath in 1860, and went to Cairo, Ills., where he remained for a few days and shipped on board a steamboat as deck sweeper and roustabout; afterward he became a cabin boy and Texas tender on a boat plying between St. Louis and IN'ew Orleans. In January, 1801, he went ashore at Columbus, Ky., and worked on a farm near Milburn, Ky., for a while, when soon the war sentiment Isecame so strong and violent that he was compelled to seek other quarters on account of his loyalty to the LTnion cause. He became attached to the Union army early in 1862 and was mustered in as a private in Company L, 8th Kentucky Cavalry, Colonel (afterward General) James M. Shackleford commanding. Was promoted for meritorious conduct in December, 1863, to a first lieutenant Company E, 30th Kentucky Mounted Infantry Volunteers; afterward breveted captain commanding the company; served until the close of the war; was mustered out in June, 1865. Came back to Williamson county and attended the common schools two years, taught school and read law; was admitted to practice March 3, 1869, but did not open a law office on account of poverty until July, 1870. He was compelled to teach school, and acted in the capacity of deputy assessor in 1869 and 1870.

Prior to 1865 there was no regular organization of the republican party in Williamson county, and it was in September, 1865, that Colonel Young with a dozen others of the stalwart republicans and ex-soldiers met in a back room in Marion and completed the first organization of the republican l)arty that put forth a straight republican ticket to be voted for at the coming November election, and it is to the credit of the returned soldiers, who, under the inspiration of Colonel Young, took up the question of politics, and for the first time in all the history of Williamson county the whole republican ticket was elected by a handsome majority; and from that time until the present he has been identified with, and worked fcr, the success of the republican ticket in Williamson county and in southern Illinois.

The next year, 1866, the Grand Army of the Republic was organized and became a powerful factor in the politics of the nation. Colonel Young assisted at the organization of three posts in that year, and has the two copies of the first ritual that was used in the organization of the G. A. E., and his interest in that organization has never abated. He has always been recognized as a leading exponent of the rights of the surviving veterans of the late war.

He was elected justice of the peace in 1873; was .-leeted county judge of Williamson county in 1877; was elected state's attorney of Williamson county in 1884; was elected circuit judge of the First judicial circuit to fill the vacancy caused by the promotion of Judge Baker to the supreme bench in November, 1888, and served until 1891. He Avas a candidate for congress before the republican convention in 1882, competing with Captain John E. Thomas, George W. Smith, T. T. Fountain and C. N. Damron, Thomas receiving the nomination. He was again a candidate for nomination before the republican convention in 1898 against the Hon. George W. Smith and ran a most creditable race and pulled a most surprising vote, but on account of the midwinter snap convention and the strong combination of the machine politicians of the district being against him he was defeated. He was again a candidate for nomination before the republican convention in 1900, which came off June 2d of that year. The liistory of that convention is too recent and fresh in the minds of the republicans to permit of much comment here; enough is known, however, to say that while the great rank and tile of the republicans throughout the district regarded Colonel Young as the most available candidate and whose nomination would be most satisfactory to all factions of the party apon the ground of merit and good politics, still by the liberal use of money thrown into the canvass by the two great machines of the party recognized as the state administration and the national administration government machine - the former advocating Judge Joseph P. Robarts and the latter George W. Smith - Colonel Young not having the money to compete with them in the hustings, the main interest in the canvass centered in the contest between Judge Robarts and Mr. Smith; Mr. Smith was successful.

He was made a meinber of the Grand Army of the Republic September, 186(). He was made an Odd Fellow July 17, 1869. These are the only two secret organizations to which he ever belonged. He is recognized as one of the foremost and best posted Odd Fellows in this end of the state, having a thorough knowledge of the lodge work, as well as of the laws of the order. He has been a member of the grand lodge since 1874, and has held several important and responsible positions in that body, and is regarded as one of its most vigilant and active members.

He was married -September 24th, 1871, to Miss Martha A. Spiller of Williamson county. Four children have been bom unto them; three girls and a boy (the boy died in infancy), Ora, Ida and Eva. Ora married Mr. Richard Trevor, who is in the merchandise business in Marion; Ida married Mr. William B. Rochester, who is in the hardware business in Marion, and Eva, the youngest daughter, who is not married, still lives with her parents. He and his good wife have raised and educated three orphan children.

Colonel Young is now 55 years old, and for 38 years he has been in active military and civil life; and has always been recognized as one of the leading exponents of republicanism, loyalty to law and good government in this end of the state, and from his personal appearance one would think that there are many years of usefulness yet before him. He has many loyal friends and enthusiastic admirers in southern Illinois, who are ready and willing to stand by him in any of his laudable undertakings.

In the limited sphere of his operations we know of no man to whom the country and the republican party are so much indebted for real substantial achievements and lasting results as they are to Colonel George W. Young. » * *

Walter Samson

Frederick W. Samson, the father, was born in Prussia, Germany, Feb. 19, 18?>8, and emigrated to St. Louis; was a volunteer in Fifth Missouri Infantry, coming to Massac county, and settling in Washington precinct. Miss Mary Rahen, the mother, was born in Prussia, Germany, came to St. Louis before the war,, lost a brother at Pittsburg Landing, and was married to Mr. Samson at the close of the war and with him came to this county.

Walter, the oldest of two sons, was born in Washington precinct, Sept. 25, 1863; educated in the rural schools, worked on the farm, bought an elegant farm of 200 acres in Brooklyn precinct, moving thereon Decemlber, 1885. He has a nice home with eveiy convenience.

September 25, 1887, he married Miss Lucy, daughter of Joseph C. Douglas. She was born Feb. 18, 1867, in Massac county. They have four children, two girls, Ora L., born Jane 2f), 1SS8, and Anna G., born Nov. 23, 1889; two boys, Frederick W., boin Nov. 20, 1893, and C. Earl, born June 15, 1897. Mr. and Mrs. Samson are both influential members of the

The great-great grandfather of our sketch emigrated from Scotland in the beginning of the sixteenth century to Culpepper county, ^'irginia, and had four sons, Samuel, xVruold, "NMUiam and Henry. Arnold is the paternal and AVilliam the maternal grandfather. The former died in Culpepper county about 1846 while the latter emigrated to Ohio in the latter part of the seTenteenth century and settled near the site of Zanes- A'ille, and died 1852. He was major to Colonel Lewis Cass. Both grandfathers and their brother served in the Revolutionary war.

AMlliam H. Bonifleld was born in Muskingum county, Ohio, Sept. 2, 1834, and with his parents came to Massac county in 1849, where he has since resided. Before the war he farmed and taught school. August, 18C2, he enlisted in the 1.51st Illinois Volunteer Infantry at Fort Massac, engaged in all the Vicksburg campaign, when it was consolidated v.itli the twenty-ninth Illinois Volunteers at Vicksburg and he was a member of company K until discharged in 1865.

While sitting on the upper deck and leaning against the pilot house of the transport Iowa, opposite Greenvilli\ Miss., a regiment of rebels fired a volley into the pilot house from behind the levee as the boat passed within fifty yards of them. Thirty-six bullet holes were made in his clothing, one bullet grazed his head and knocked him senseless, and another glanced from a gun, which changed its course enough to miss him. At Vicksburg the concussion of a bursting shell destroyed an ear drum and partially paralyzed his left side, from which he has never recovered.

In 1857 he married Miss Sarah N. Baley, to whom were born Martha J., David B. and Henry A., all married; Martha J. is dead, David lives in Mississippi county. Mo., Henry A. lives in Indian Territory. His first wife died 1878 and in 1881 he married Victory Golightly, nee Thomison, and to them have been born two children, Eva and Clay. They live on their elegant farm three and one-half miles from Brooklyn, 111. All are members of the Christian church and since the second election of Lincoln, "Squire Bonifleld has voted the straight republican ticket. He is broad and liberal minded.

Charles W. Teitloff was born in Germany, 1842, and was brought to New York City at the age of 12 years by his parents in 1854, where they remained one year; came to Pope county, Illinois, and entered land. Here both parents died.

Mr. Teitloff enlisted in company B, Fifteenth Illinois Cavalry Volunteers, in 1861, fought in many severe battles and was honorably discharged Aug. 25, 1864. He returned to Pope county and began farming. On March 26, 1865, he was married to Clementine Hopson, daughter of John E. Hopson, a pioneer of Massac county. He entered land in 1838 on which he died, 1851. He taught in winter and farmed in summer. Clementine, his daughter, was born in Massac county and joined the Methodist Episcopal church at 16 years of age.

Mr. Teitloff and wife lived two years in Pope county with her memberhsip in the Cave Spring M. E. church. They moved to Miland, Tenn., and engaged in the butcher business, and after three years removed to Pope county, where they remained two years and came to Massac county, purchasing a farm in 1872 in Brooklyn i)recinct, on which he died in 1899, respected by all. In 1888 he was elected by the republicans as county commissioner, which ofSce he filled with credit. Both were members of the Powers M. E. church and he was a member of Tom Smith post.

Capt. William H. Tindall

The paternal grandfather of Mr. Tindall was a soldier in the war of 1812, went to Indiana and settled in Harrison county. His son, Samuel Harrison, was born in that county in 1814 or 1815. Phoebe Madden, wife of Samuel Harrison, was

Mr. And Mrs. C. W. Teitloff Mt. Sterling Church

William Henry Tindall, their son and oldest child, was born May 31, 1840, in Harrison county, Indiana, and when seven years of age, was brought by his parents to Massac county, 111., on a flat boat, landing at Brooklyn, 111., before there was any town there. They settled in what is now ISrooklyn precinct for two years, when land was secured in what is now Washington precinct, by land warrant and here the family lived for years.

Mrs. Samuel Tindall died Dec. 20, 1865, and Mr. Tindall passed away in the spring of ISTl, in Pope county. Young AVilliam attended subscription schools a little and says he received most of his early education of Eev. Samuel Atwell, at night by the Are light. He lived on the old homestead until Jan. 11, 1877, when he sold it and purchased the farm on which he now lives and which he has highly improved. February 2, 1860, he married Miss Elizabeth Berry, a native of Rhone county, Tennessee, born May 10, 1841. They have but one child, Nannie, wife of S. O. Brockett, and they live at home with the parents. She was born Feb. 15, 1869, and has a little son, "William M.

In 1862 the captain enlisted in Company C, 131st Illinois Infantry, and was made sergeant. After the seige of Vicksburg the 29th and 131st regiments were consolidated, Mr. Tindall being attached to Company K, 29th. He saw hard service and passed through every position from pri^sate to captain, and was mustered out in November, 1865.

Returning home he retired to the farm, managing the same with skill. November 3, 1874, he was elected sheriff for a term of two years, and his record so commended him that he was again elected in November, 1886, and always guarded the interests of the county. Unfortunately, while operating a binder in the harvest field, June 22, 1899, he was caught in the machine and lost his right limb from just below the knee. He patiently bore his severe trial and recovered. He is kindhearted, honorable and respected. Politically, he is a republican.

Methodism Brooklyn Circuit

The Brooklyn circuit of the Methodist church, formerly Metropolis circuit as it was designated, comprises the congregations of Brooklyn, and Powers in the country.

THE BKOOKLYN CLASS was organized in 1897 by Kev. S. I). Smith, a pious young minister, now deceased, assisted by Rev. J. W. Jackson. The charter members were John Chapman, W. J. MargraveSi, George Rush, George Davis, George Mayo, F. W. Fulks, Margaret Lynn, Mary E. Margraiie, Mary Chapman, Carrie Arnold, Martha Clarida, Mary Mayo, Nancy Verback, Reed Lynn, Annie Davis, Ethel Margraves, and Cora Tride.

The official board was composed of W. J. Margraves, John ( ihapman and George Rush. Rev. S. D. Smith was their pastor until the conference year, 1897, when Rev. W. D. Hopkins was assigned and was quite successful. Rev. S. O. Sheridan was assigned by the conference for 1898 and returned. He more than trebled the membership.

Under the ministry of Rev. Mr. Hopkins a church was started and dedicated under the ministry of Rev. Sheridan, by Rev. J. W. Jackson, September, 1899. The building is neat, substantial and a credit to the little band of faithful workers.

From 1895 to 1897 the congregation composed of many of the very best citizens of the community, built a neat and commendable little church costing over |1,000, which is about four miles from Metropolis. The official members are William Dye, Hon. F. M. Armstrong, M. B. Hutchinson, Henry Arnesman, Sr., and Charles R. Otey.

Cumberland Presbyterianism

Rev. E. L. McElree in 1861 or '62 organized the first Cumberland Presbyterian church ever established in Massac county. It consisted of fourteen members and maintained its orfranization a few years; holding its meetings in a school house in Jackson precinct, which had been enlarged for the purpose by building a shed covered by clap-boards and "boxed in" with rough lumber and attached to the school house in front, thereby malcing it necessary for the minister to stand in the door of the school house and preach right and left to his audience, as some were in the house and some in the shed.

Rev. McElree being called to broader and more promising fields of usefulness, the church was left without a pastor, and most of the members attached themselves to either the Methodist or United Brethren churches of the vicinity.

No further efforts at organization were made by the Presbyterians until the spring of 1879, when Rev. James M. Wyckoff, of the Illinois Presbytery, wrote E. Byrd Leeper asking if he thought the outlook would justify an effort to establish a 0. P. church in the vicinity. In answer he was told that the effort would prove fruitless unless a $2,000 church house was erected right at first. That this would give evidence of permanency and, where people have their money invested they are likely to feel interested.

As discouraging as the situation seemed to be the effort was made, and within five months from the time of the first correspondence, a bea,utiful site just north of Unionville had been selected, the rough lumber placed on the ground and the carpenters were at work; Mr. A. S. Sterling being chief architect and builder.

In due course of time those interested in the enterprise were rewarded by seeing one of the most commodious, substantial and handsome rural church edifices in the county com- pleted and paid for at a cost of |2,250.00. The better class of the whole community, regardless of church affiliations, seemed to take pride in the movemeHt and donated liberally as did also Paduoah, Metropolis, and other smaller towns adjacent.

But few of the pioneer Cumberland Presbyterians of the church of 1861-62 were now left to enjoy their new home; but with these and other good men and women who came from neighboring churches and cast their lot with them, a new organization was effected Nov. 20, 1881, numbering 13 members. Under the ministration of Revs. J. M. Wyckoff, J. M. Bell, Robert M. Pryor and John Allen (the latter now in charge) the organization has continued to prosper and increase in membership until it now numbers about 100 members.

Robert Templin Leepeb, son of Robert Leeper, a Revolutionary soldier, was born in Caldwell county, Ky., Dec. 17, 1800, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, who early emigrated to South Carolina from Scotland, subsequently moving to Kentucky, and aided in the capture and execution of the notorious "Big Harpe," the outlaw.

In 1818 he married Elizabeth Sexton, who became the mother of three daughters, and died in Hinds county, Miss., where they had gone into the wild forest on the stage road between Jackson and Vicksburg in 1826. After the mother died he sent his daughters back to Kentucky and was overseer of a large plantation for two years when he returned to Kentucky and married Elizabeth Shelby Harmon Jan. 20, 1831. Immediately they returned to Mississijjpi and opened a large farm, built a huge log tavern on the stage road, and it was frequented by many leading statesmen traveling from Jackson to Vicksburg. Having increased his farm to 700 acres he sold it in 1835 for |14,000.00 and returned to Caldwell county, Kentucky, to educate his children. In 1887 his son, R. Byrd Lee- per, found the log tavern occupied and in good repair, tliough near the famous battlefield of Champion Hill. The purchaser of his father's farm was still hale and hearty.

Six years were spent in Caldwell county, where he bought a farm near Smithland, Ky., then the commercial center of the Ohio valley, and after two years opened an extensive mercantile enterprise in which all his wealth was lost and he 46 years of age. With an indebtedness of |3,000, ill health and a family, he came to Jackson precinct, Massac county, <^ntered land, three years after the organization of the county, in twelve years had paid the |3,000 and owned a home on which he died Oct. 31, 1881, aged 80 years, 10 months and li days.

When he located in Massac county only a few scattering improvements consisting usually of a log cabin and rail stable, existed. A log house of rude structure used for a church and school house. Law and order were ruthlessly violated and Mr. Leeper was chosen justice of the peace, often filing complaint, issuing and serving the warrants, trying the case and taking the criminal to jail.

Ever active in all public enterprises he was a most valuable member of society. In his earlier years he belonged to the ''Old School Presbyterian'' persuasion, but later lead in the organization, establishment and maintenance of the Cumberland Presbyterian class at Unionville. Politically he was early a whig but afterward he affiliated with the democrats. E. Byrd Leeper of Unionville, and Mrs. Corley, Jackson precinct, are his children.

Robert Byed Leeper, youngest child and only son of Eobert T. and Elizabeth S. Leeper, was born in Livingston county, Ky., near Smithland, May 15th, -846. When he was seven months of age his parents moved to Massac county, Illinois, and settled on the farm now occupied by the said son. In fact, that part of the farm upon which the residence stands was entered by the father in his son's name when the latter was two years of age, the patent being signed by President James K. Polk.

It would be difficult for the present generation of boys and girls to comprehend the privations and disadvantages under which the Massac county boy of fifty years ago grew up. He considered himself lucky if he got to attend school three or four months during winter, sit on a backless puncheon bench (from which the splinters had not always been very carefully removed, wear a homespun suit of "janes" and a pair of cowhide shoes if he were fortunate enough to possess any at all; learn his lessons without the aid of blackboards, maps or charts; with no writing desk in front of him and no stove to warm him, much less a hot air furnace; having to "tal^e his turn" in sitting by the "fire place" to warm his toes, and at dinner time if he chanced to be the proud displayer of a biscuit or piece of light bread became the envied as well as petitioned for ''just one little bite" by the majority of his fellows. At that time there was not as much wheat grown in the whole county as is produced by some one of our many good farmers at the present time. Yet the boy of 50 years ago seemed as happy, sprightly and even more healthy than do the boys of lltOO.

Few country boys at that time cared to rush off to town, but contented themselves with home duties and pleasures, assisting their fathers in raising crops and clearing more land; spending their evenings at home around the open log fire, reading books or pursuing still further the studies taken up in school. Their isolation taught them to love homie and make the best of it possible; while at the same time they acquired the habit of reading and study; the blessings of which will last them through life. With these environments the subject of this writing grew up to manhood, attending the district schools until he was 19 years of age, when he attended Shurtliff college, Alton, 111., one term and on returning home was solicited to take charge of the public school in his district, which he did, teaching five terms in his home district and eight in others, always near enough that he could attend from home.

Mrs. Monterey Leeper

having a natural love of horticulture (in which he is an authority) he early became one of the pioneers in fruit growing and is still planting out a new orchard every few years. On Sept. 23d, 1869, he was married to Miss Jlonterey Morris of New Or leans, who was taken from him by death March 3d, 1899, leaving one child, Eobert 0. Leeper, born July 19, 1872. Tlieii first and only other child, Minnie Grace, dying May 28th, 1872. aged 19 months.

Though one of the prime movers in the erection of Mt. Sterling church near L'nionville, and an ardent advocate of all moral and educational institutions, he remained rather skeptical religiously until nearly 45 years of age, when the "scales fell from his eyes" and he became a member of the Mt. Sterling Cumberland Presbyterian church March 29th, 1891, and was soon after chosen as one of the ruling elders, which position he still retains.

Mrs. Monterey Leeper, daughter of Robert and Armilda Morris, was born in Pope county, Illinois, near Xew Liberty, Sept. 6th, 1848. TS'hen 11 years of age she emigrated with her parents to New Orleans, where she. grew to womanhood and was graduated at the age of 17 from the high school of that city; after which she was engaged as teacher in the city schools until 1869 when she was married to E. Byrd Leeper, settling with him on their home in Jackson precinct where she applied herself most assiduously to the duties of a fanner's wife. Later on they resided four years in Metropolis, and still retaining her love of teaching she accepted a position in the graded school of Metropolis, teaching three terms; after which they returned to their farm and much of her time was given to local missionary work in her community.

Her whole soul wa s enlisted in the cause, and few, if any, irreligious persons of that vicinity can say that they never received a word of instruction and encouragement from her. None were too humble or fallen for her to plead with and pray for, and she lived to see some of the fruits of her labors in the conversion of many, some of whom were far down the western slope of life and said but for her entreaties they would not have stopped to make the necessary preparation be fore reaching "the dark river." To instruct her infant class in Sunday school was one of her greatest pleasures, and great er devotion between the teacher and pupils never existed Though she was taken from them by death March 3d, 1899, they never neglect to decorate her grave with flowers many times each summer.

Though removed from her church and community her good works will live after her. A faithful wife, a devoted mother and- an earnest christian.

Georges Creek

NEW COLOMBIA - Among beautiful landscapes, surrounded by perpetual springs that gush out of red sandstone, hills sits New Colombia, once the home of lawlessness, but now quiet and well behaved.

In the early forties Sylvester Smith settled near and the fii'st site laid out on his farm. During 1861 J. P. Choat came with a store. April 28th, 1862, he brought his family and he still lives in New Colombia, the next oldest living citizen of Massac county, having been a member of the first petit jury and the only living member. Mr. Choat purchased the original slore of Lark and Jack Simpson, who went to Kansas. The Simpsons built a flouring mill. It was destroyed by fire in 1863, but was re-built by Lark Simpson and sold to J. P. Choat and Son H, deceased. In 18S2 fire destroyed it.

Among the old landmarks are: Dr. A. B. Moore, still living at 75 years; William Brown, farmer; William F. Teague, merchant, deceased; Mrs. Clendennen, widow; Thomas Johnson, farmer; Nat Comer, grocer; Lark Simpson, merchant, deceased; Dr. R. H. Pollard, druggist and postmaster in the fiO's; L. D. Stophlet, also an early druggist, deceased; J. ^V Burnett, druggist, who died lately at Alto Pass, 111.

The place was once large enough to incorporate. The name is derived from a common plant and ''New" was prefixed to distinguish the postoffice from another Colombia in the state.

SAMOTH located near Johnson county line and the name of the postoffice is a partial transposition of the Avord "Thomas," in honor of Congressman John R. Thomas. Walnut Ridge is the name of the village.

The village is located one and one-half miles from New Colombia on the Metropolis and Vienna road in a fine tillable tract of land, which contains many excellent farms.

Berry Walker was the first owner of the farm now occupied by the village, sold it to J. L. Johnson and went to Kansas 1870. W. T. Cagle purchased the farm and erected the first business houses - a cotton gin, grist mill and store house, in 1873, and a saw mill in 1875. William Calhoun and Doctor Grissom built the first residences.

Dr. Grissom was the first physician, the postofflce was established 1876 and W. T. Cagle was the first postmaster. He retired in 1884 and Dr. A. T. Mobley, now of New Colombia, succeeded him until 1889 in the mercantile business. A. P. Nutty now conducts a general store but also operates the flouring mill successfully. Madison Yandell also conducts a, general store. Stophlet & McBride conduct a first-class blacksmith and woodwork shop. J. F. McBride, also a J. P., is the postmaster.

The physicians who have practiced here are Drs. Grissom, A. T. Mobley, R. H. Pollard, Elmore, J. W. Wymore, A. B. Agnew and J. A. Helm. The population is about IQO and the people are hospitable.

Doctor Richard H. Pollard was born in the Greenville district, South Carolina, July 14, 1819. His father was James A. Pollard, who mari*ied Miss Elizabeth Clarke of South Car olina. His paternal and maternal ancestry was English.

Mr. And Mrs. Thomas S. Morgan

Seminole war under Captain (Jampbell and went from Montgomery, Ala., to Mobile and thence to Tampa Bay, Florida. He served gallantly tiirough this war and contracted an acute derangement of the digestive organs.

Upon his return to Montgomery, Ala., his physician ordered him to Knoxville, Tenn., for the beneficial effects of the latitude upon his constitution.

In early life he acquired the rudiments of an education which he now broadened and completed by an extended classical course in the famous University of Tennessee under the direction of Dr. Joseph Eastbrook, president, graduating with honors. Returning home he began to read medicine with Drs. Fox and Saunders, being later compelled hj ill health to seek a more northerly climate. He located at Princeton, Ky., and pursued his medical studies with Dr. Throgmorton in connection with Young Throgmorton, a nephew of the doctor, who was later Governor Throgmorton of Texas.

Dr. Pollard began the practice of medicine at Princeton, Ky., and in 1855 he came to Metropolis. Later he moved to Kew Colombia, 111., and thence to Memphis, Tenn., where he conducted an extensive drug store and was attacked with the yellow fever but recovered. Mrs. Pollard, formerly Miss Nancy L., daughter of Elias Calvert, fell a victim to the dreaded scourge. Only one child, Charles R., resulted from this union. He is a wealthy commission merchant of Memphis.

About 1878 Dr. Pollard went to Samoth, Massac county, where he has had, perhaps, the largest practice in the county. The doctor is a member of the Christian church and a Royal Arch Mason. In 1883 he married Miss Belle English, his present wife, and they have a lovely home in Samoth.

Thomas S. Morgan

Thomas S. Morgan was born in Rockingham county. North Carolina, Sept. 16, 1833, of poor parents, the oldest of eleven children. His father manufactured tobacco for six years until

January 12th, 1858, he married Nancy J. Dale, daughter of Isaac Dale, and became co-partner with his father-in-law in the manufacture of tobacco until 1862, when he came North on account of rebel persecution, being always a strong unionist. He arrived at the place where he yet resides Jan. 7, 1863, with his family, prepared to manufacture tobacco, but a government tax of 40 cents a pound made the business here unprofitable and he sold his machinery.

Until 1890 he conducted an extensive wagon factory, when he sold out his shops and has farmed since. In 1890 he was elected county commissioner by the republicans and made a good officer.

His first wife died Nov. 24, 1880, and left him with six small children. February 1, 1881, he married the widow of Mr. E. D. Hight, daughter of Dr. J. T. White. They reside on their elegant farm in George's Creek precinct, prosperous honored and happy.

Dr. J. W. Wymore was born July 1, 1866, in Grantsburg precinct, Johnson county, Illinois. James Wymore, formerly of Kentucky, was his father, who married Miss Narcissus Debnam of Johnson county. They were the> parents of seven children, the doctor being the eldest. Three are dead, Mesdames Lucinda Davis and Nancy Ann Davis, both reside in Johnson county, Illinois; Mrs. Lydia Sturgis lives in Metropolis.

Young Wymore attended the common schools, private normals and the Southern Illinois Normal, Oarbondale, 111. He taught three years and matriculated in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, St. Louis, 1889, graduating from the Marion Sims college of St. Louis in 1891 and began the practice of his profession at Samoth, where he has continued and has an extensive patronage.

November 1, 1891, he married Miss Isabella, daughter of Henry and Margaret Howell, one of the most estimable families of Johnson county. She was born in January, 1865. To them have been born three children of whom two are dead and one, Lannes Earl, was born September 29, 1894, yet living.

Dr. Wymore has^ filled all the chairs in the New Colombia lodge No'. 33C, A. F. & A. M., and is a member of Hurricane lodge No. 617, I. O. O. F. He owns an elegant country home in Johnson county.

The subject of this sketch was born and bred on a farm near Samoth, adjoining the one where his paternal parent, John McBride, was born, lived and died Jan. 26tli, 1899.

Charles D. McBride first saw the light July 4th, 1870, the natal day of "(iaribaldi, the Liberator," and the auspicious date when the courageous colonists declared their ini-^pendence from the despotism of George III. of England. His maternal parent, Sally Ann McBride, is surviving and superintending the farm. He is next to the eldest of nine children, three of whom are dead. He entered the happy state of Hymen Dec. 2.3rd, 1897. His wife. Rose (nee Denison), was born Oct. 21st, 1876, at Eddyville, Pope county, Illinois. Her father, J. P. Denison, resides at Goreville, 111., where her mother, Addeville, died March 19th, 1900.

He is one of the "plain people" and by profession is a tiller of the soil, a sturdy son of toil. He believes work is real worship; that farming is the foundation for all future progress.

Although not a pioneer of the county it may be fairly stated that Mr. McBride is a pioneer in the wild west of reform agitation. He is a fearless free thinker, and, perhaps, the most radical one in the county, possessing the courage of his convictions to practice what he preaches. There are certain schools of thought, i. e.. Unitarians, Theosophists, Spiritualists, Deists, Atheists and Agnostics; the latter term was coined by Professor Thomas Huxley of England. Mr. Mc-

Bride is an Ingersoll Agnostic. He reads and contributes regularly to the leading Free-thought journals of the country; namely, "The Truth Seeker," New York, and "Free-thought Magazine," Chicago, also to the "Boston Traveler," one of the oldest and best secular newspapers printed- in the United States. He is always ready to vindicate his views in the press or on the platform. Politically he bolted the republican party, "the house of Hanna," during the memorable campaign of 1896, consequently he stands today with some of the prominent political reformers throughout the length and breadth of the country. Since Colonel E,obert G. Ingersoll's death in the summer of 1899, he thinks the most eloquent and extemporaneous orator, scholar and statesman before the public is William Jennings Bryan.

Mr. McBride is intensely patriotic and loves liberty with every fibre of his being ; he loves the good, the true, and beautiful, an admirer of nature and her handiwork. He devotes his leisure to literature, is fond of flowers, poetry, music and painting. The above cut is an exact reproduction from a photograph as Mr. McBride and his wife appear in life.

The accompanying cut is a fac-simile reproduction of the features of Mr. and Mrs. John McBride, pioneers of Massac county. John McBride was born April 23rd, 1844, and is a native of Massac county.

His father, David McBride, was a native of Alabama, and came to Illinois when Metropolis was a mere village. He departed this life April 21st, 1873.

His mother, Mary McBride (nee Rushin), was a Tennesseean by birth, who married early in life, and emigrated to Illinois with her husband. She died April 7th, 1872. His wife, Sally Ann McBride (nee Pippins), was born in Kentucky, Feb. 15th, 1844; her father, Guilford Pippins, was born in Guilford county, Virginia, and died Feb. 14th, 1846.

Tennessee, and came to Illinois in the early days; her transition occurred Oct. 7th, 1870. Mr. and Mrs. McBride were married Jan. 17th, 1867. Nine children were the fruits of this union, six of whom are living, namely, J. F., Charles D., Eliza J., Malhis, Cora Eeed, Aretta B. and Chester A.; also ten grandchildren grace this wedded mutualism. Being a consistent Baptist, it is appropriate to add parenthetically that Mrs. McBride's belief trends that way religiously.

When the blaring bugle of war blew its tocsin blast in each patriot's ear from '61-5, Mr. McBride at the plastic age of 17 answered to the appeal to arms and enlisted in company K, 1st Illinois L. A., and endured the trials and tribulations of warfare for three fearful years, thereby undermining his health. Thus he was ever attended by excruciating affliction. He was a member of J. B. Smith post No. 651. Mr. McBride shunned society and courted the tranquil retreats of solitude in the country. He was an ardent nimrod and passionately loved piscatorial pursuits. He possessed common sense in plenty, and was honest to the point of painfulness. He was a stalwart, life-long republican. His death, Jan. 26th, 1899, made an irreparable loss to his family and countless friends.

Charles W. Brinnen

The father of our subject was originally from Germany, came to St. Louis, Mo., and married Miss Henrietta Summers. Charles W., their oldest child, was born Sept. 26th, 1818, in St. Louis, attended the public schools and later left home with the 12th Illinois regiment. At Memphis, Tenn., he transferred to the 29th Hlinois, was examined and sworn but not mustered in. March 30, 1872, he married Miss Tlitha Waggoner of Massac county.

He came to Johnson county in 18G2 from ^Memphis and in 1882 settled at Samoth. Tn 1884 the republicans elected him justice of the peace. For 13 years he was a notary and in 1895 was elected county commissioner for Massac jounty. During June, 1900, he enumerated the census of his pr'U'inct.

Mr. Brinnen is a member of New Colombia lodge ISTo. 336, .\. F. & A. M., and of 617, I. O. O. F. He is also a member of the encampment and Patriotic Sons of America.

A. F. Nutty

Albert Franklin Nutty was born Dec. 24, 1862, in George's Creek precinct, Massac county. His father, Gale Nutty, was a native of Tennessee, and of German extraction. His mother's maiden name was Miss Sarah Dunn, a native of Massac county.

There were three boys, John J., A. F. and Gale Ri<;hard. Also one girl, now Mrs. Alice Ragland. Our subject attended the common schools and spent two terms at the normal school, Danville, Ind.

He spent his early life on the farm. At 19 years of age he began to clerk for Samuel Stern, New Colombia, 111., and continued in his employ 18 months. Again he attended school and engaged in farming. In 1889 he purchased McEichardson's general store, New Colombia, William Teague becoming co-partner with him. In 1899 he became sole proprietor of the large general store of Samoth and the Samoth flouring mill and also owner of the general store of New Colombia, all of which he conducts at present most successfully.

During Harrison's administration he was the efficient postmaster of New Colombia. Mr. Nutty has for 8 years been township treasurer and is a member of Hurricane lodge 617, I. O. O. F. He is intensely republican.

Elder W. A. Spence

A. C. Spence, the father, came from North Carolina about 1850 and died Jan. 26th, 1886. He was an early respected pioneer of Masasc county. Nancy J. Nutty, born in North Carolina, early moved to Tennessee and was the wife of A. C.

William Alfred was born Nov. 20, 1873, in George's Greek X>recinct, Massac Co. Although early without a mother's tender care he eagerlj^ pursued the studies of the rural schools and private summer schools, went to Danville, Ind., and extended his course at the Central Indiana iN'ormal School and has attended the Southern Illinois Normal University, Carboudale, 111. He is now teaching his eleventh term, which is his second term as principal of the Belknap village schools, Johnson county, Illinois.

Besides teaching, Mr. Spence was licensed to preach by the Missionary Baptist church in 1890 and ordained in .1893. For three years,he was pastoi- of the church at Vienna, 111., and elected during that time to a position in the city schools. He is an Odd Fellow, member of the encampment and Rebecca lodges.

Johnson county was established by proclamation of the territorial governor Sept. 14, 18l2,Iormerly a part of Randolph county. It included all the country south of the Big Muddy river.

Elvira was the first county seat. July 14th, 1813, at the house of John Bradshaw was held the first court of common pleas, near Lick Creek, now in Union county, Hamlet Ferguson and Jesse Briggs, justices. The first ease was Harry Hatton vs. Harry Skinner. The first grand jury was imijaiioled March 14, 1814, James Finney, clerk; Jesse Eads, foreinan, and the first indictment returned was "The United States vs. John Borin, assault and battery." Sarah Brunts was the first person indicted for illegal liquor selling. The first conviction was for "assault and battery," the People vs. Barnhart, fine 120 and costs.

The first circuit court convened at Elvira on the fourth Monday of October, 1815, William Spriggs, judge; James Finney, clerk ; Thomas C. Patterson, sheriff ; James Conway, deputy attorney general; Jonathan Eamsey was the attorney admitted.

March 16, 1818, J. D. Wilcox and James Bain were appointed to locate the new site for the county seat and selected s. e. quarter, sec. 5, tp. IB, r. 3. The last meeting in Elvira was the third Monday in July, 1818, and the county seat was called Vienna. The first meeting in Vienna was Nov. 10, 1818. The first case taken to the supreme court was Lewis Pankey, vs. The People, writ of error, charge, perjury. The case came from Pope county in 1833 on a change of venue. Sept. 1st, 1818, the plat of Vienna was ordered recorded and the first lot sold. No. 41.

"Ordered that James Finney be authorized to have the following repairs to be made on the house at present occupied as a court house, to-wit: A fioor laid on the same punch- eon, a chimney of wood and a common door of boards, and the liouse to be chunked and daubed, seats for jurors and a small balf-faced cabin to be built adjoining the same and chinked and daubed with partition of logs for the purpose of jury rooms, provided the repairs do not cost to exceed |18.00." At the saine date Erwin Morris, the sheriff, was ordered to let the contract to build a log jail. A highway was ordered built from Vienna to the Big Muddy and intersect the old Kaskaskia I'oad. A tax was levied 50 cents for a horse and $1.00 on each wagon.

The first school was taught by an Irish dude in what is now the north part of Alexander county, his name unknown. The old rude log school house prevailed. School was held in early fall and late spring, the winters being too cold for the school house accommodations and the clothing worn. Spelling was the principal branch and the schools studied out loud. The free schools date from 1825.

Hon. Pleasant Thomas Chapman Senator Fifty-First District

Senator P. T. Chapman's father, grandfather and great gri^nd father was successively named Daniel. The two latter came to Bloomfleld township, Johnson county, from New York, their native state, in 1818. His great grandfather was a Revolutionary soldier. His father was born in Johnson county in July, 1828, and married Miss Mary E., daughter of Pleasant Rose, of Johnson county. She was born in 1837, and still lives in Illinois. The Chapman family is one of the oldest in the connty. Daniel C. Chapman, the senator's father, died Sept. 8, 1888, and three generations sleep in one township in Johnson county. The father was an extensive farmer, politically he was a republican, and was three times elected sheriff of Johnson county.

Pleasant T. Chapman was born on a farm eight miles from Vienna, Oct. 8, 1854. He attended the rural schools and graduated in the classical course of McKendree college, Lcban- ou, 111., June, 1876, and taught school, served five years as county superintendent of schools of Johnson county, Illinois, studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1878, served two terms as county judge of Johnson county, was twice a member of the republican state central committee, was alternate delegate at large to the republican national convention in 1896 from Illinois, was elected state senator from the 51st senatorial district in 1890, and re-elected in 1894 and 1898. He is an ardent republican and has a strong hold on the affairs of his party. In the Senate he wields a decided influence, being chairman of the appropriation committee in the 41st general assembly, the most important committee in the senate.

He is an extensive farmer and stock raiser, merchant and banker. Is president of the Vienna Mercantile Company. President of the Vienna Lumber Co. and president of the First National bank of A'ienna, which he built up from a private bank. He is vice x»icsident of the bank of Jonesboro, 111., and the Bank of Anna, .Vuna, 111. Religiously Mr. Chapman is a Methodist and fraternally a Mason, being a member of lodge No. 150, Vienna cliapter No. 60, Vienna, and Gethsemane commaiidery Xo. 63, Metropolis, 111. He is also district deputy grand master of the thirtietli Masonic district, and is serving his fourth term in that office.

December 20th, 1881, he was married to Miss May Cope land. She was born in Pulaski county. 111. They have three children, a son, Daniel A^'ard, 17 years old. A daughtei-, Marion, 11 years old, and a younger son, Dwyer Clinton, 7 years old. Mrs. Chapman is a member of the Eastern Star, and has enjoyed the distinction of being grand matron of Illinois for 1899. They have an elegant home in Vienna and are among the most influential families in southern Illinois.

Alonzo K. Vickers Circuit Judge

The paternal grandfather of our subject was a pioneer of Warren county, Kentucky, from whence he came, at an early date, to Massac county, Illinois, bringing with him his son, James Vickers, who was quite young. The grandfather entered land, opened an extensive farm which he sold and moved to Metropolis, where he died.

The son, James Vickers, also entered land and farmed. He married the mother of our subject, Miss Celia Smith, born Miirch 3, 1812, near Tuscumbia, Alabama, where her father AXilliam Smith, died. She came to Illinois in 1840. After farming several years they came to Metropolis and engaged in the mercantile business and he died in 1861. Mrs. Vickers was industrious, frugal and possessed of indomitable will and christian fortitude. Left with an encumbered farm of forty acres, unimproved, she died May 10, 1875, in good circumstances in Metropolis.

Alonzo K. was born on the farm in the Powers neighborhood, Massac county, Illinois, Sept. 25, 1853, was reared on the farm, attended the rural schools and took an elaborate course at the Metropolis high school. In 1874 he entered the law oi3fice of Judge E. W. McCartney, pursuing his studies and was admitted in 1877, practicing for two years. In 1879 he purchased and edited the Vienna Times for one year, when he sold it and again actively engaged in the practice of law.

From 1886-1888 lie was a member of the thirty-fifth General Assembly from the 51st senatorial district. In 1891 he was nominated and elected one of the circuit judges of this, the ninth judicial circuit, and was re-elected in 1897. He has proved to be an able judge and has won a meritorious reputation in the conduct of the noted "miners' trials" at Vienna, during Dec. 1899, and January, February, and March, 1900. As a public speaker and campaigner he excels and will, undoubtedly, some day represent his district in congress.

Mr. Vickers is also connected with important business interests; he buys stock, extensively farms, organized the Drovers' State Bank of Vienna in 1899, of which he is president, and is president of the St. Louis, Paducah & Southeastern railroad company, organized in 1899 and is now proposing to build a line from a point in Johnson county to Paducah, Ky.

In 1880 he married Miss Leora Armstrong, daughter of William Armstrong of Metropolis. They have three children, Jay Frank, Hazel U. and Louisa Edna. They have an elegant home in Vienna. Mr. Vickers is a Methodist, Mason, Odd Fellow and stalwart republican.

Marcus N. McCartney, second child and eldest son of Captain John F. McCartney, was born Dec. 2, 1862, in Metropolis, while his father was engaged in the service of the nation in the campaign around Vicksburg.

Was educated in the Metropolis public schools, working as printer during vacations on the Metropolis Times. At 16 his father severed his connection with the Times and Marcus then began spending his summer months on one of his father's farms as general farmer, living part of the time with a tenant and part with the family of his father, which at that time resided in Metropolis.

At 17 he began teaching, his first effort being in the district school known as Kincaid school, near the line between Pope and Massac counties. He received |25 per month. During a part of the sum.mer following this term he attended the Illinois State Normal School at Normal, 111., thus employing the money saved during the winter.

The winter following ('81 and '82) he taught the school at the Tillage of Unionville at a salary of |40. While thus engaged for the winter months he continued to devote his vacation time to his father's farm.

During the next year he was a student in the National Normal University of Lebanon, Ohio, being a pupil of that distinguished educator, Professor Alfred Holbrook. He received the degree B. S. at the close of this school year.

His health, at this point slightly failing, he decided not to enter the school room as teacher at once, but contracted to work for a publishing and school supply company, in whose interest he traveled in the Southwest for nearly two years. This gave him an opportunity for business experience.

While traveling he had paid off all his school indebtedness incurred while in college in Ohio, and started upon his new duties full of rigor and professional ambition.