Pike County, Illinois - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 8 of those read), 1880 (part 7 of 9)

Henry Robinson^ farmer, sec. 22 ; P. O. Perry; is a son of James N. and Mary Allen (Cohenour) Robinson, and was born in Brown county. 111., May 5, 1S50; his father lived in this county 35 years ago, but at present he is living in Brown county, and has been very successful financially. Henry received his education in the common schools of Brown county, and since 1876 has been engaged in farming in this township. In 1877 he was married to Olive Poe. Their only son is James Herbert, who was born Aug. 5, 1878. Mrs. R. is a member of the M. E. Church.

Jerome W.Riish, farmer and stock-dealer, sec. 22; P. O. Perry. Mr. R. was born in Ross county, O., in 1827, and is a son of John AV. and Sarah (Brown") Rush, the former jI native of Virginia, and of German descent, the latter of Maryland, and of English descent. He attended schools in the log school-houses of this county, and the Mt. Sterling high school for two terms. In 1852, Oct. 12. he was married to Nancy C. Yates, and of the 5 children which have blessed their union, all are livin<f. Hvtii he aiul his wife are members of the M. E. Cluircli, He came to Pike eoiuity in 1S37, mid located on sec. 30. He is now eiiL'Hi'ed as stock-raiser and stock dealer, and owns 400 acres of land, all but SO acres (if which is prairie. He keeps a deer park, in which he at times has as many as 20 deer.

Jasper SeijboUl. Wy occupation .Mr. S. is a farmer, and owns 2r)5 acres (»f laiul in this countv. In l^«!^! he wa^ united in marriaire with Mary K. Stautter, who hat* borne him 9 ciiildren, 4 bovs and 5 girls, all of whom are living. .Ijisper Seyl)old was l>orn in Madison County, III., JiMie 'J«'», 1833. and is a son »»f .lames and <)live ((Jaskilli Sevlxdil. His father was born in Illinois, and his mother in New ^ ork. He received his education mostly in log schoolhouses. He was brou;;ht frouj Madisim county to Pike county in 1S36, and ha** ever iSince resided in the county. He has served as Township Collector an«l as School I)irector for *J0 years.

//-«/ W. Stevtnsoti was liorn in Pike county Oct. 9, 1853, and is a Son of John and .Mary Ann (Wilson) Stevenson; the former was a well-known pioneer of this c»»unty, and died Feb. 1, 1>S0. He was a successful farmer, ami ownitl 5^o ueres of land when he died. Ira W. received his education in the coinnton 8chool>. and, be^ides farming, he deals in stock. In March, 1874, he was united in marriasre with Jennie Cilines; only one of the two chiUiren b»»rn to them are living, Nellie May, who was born in l.s77.

Ani/unt Sfntujin, i'unuvr, hvc. 1; P. ()., Perry. This gentleman was lK)rn in Gernuiny, Aug. 11, 1840; he was landed in New Vork in 1857, and caine to Pike county in 1n5h, where he ha.s since resided, with the exception of thret' years spent in the arn)y. He learned the trade of blacksmith in the oM country, but since 1858 hti!> \iocn engaged in farming. Aug. 9, 1n<)2, he enlisted in Co. B, 99lh 111. Inft., and renuiined in the service until the close of the war; he was in every battle that his regiment was in, and in all the niarches. always iK'ing willing and ready for «luty. He never receive*! a wound. He was in the charge on \'icksburg and aided in airrying the Colonel <»ti' the tiehl when he was wounded. Mr. S. was married Jan. 2, 1>«'>8. t(» Sarah Harter, and l>oth of them arc members of the Lutlu-ran Church, of I.Vrry, of which he is a Trustee. He is engage^! in farming, and owns 80 acre-* of land.

Frederick Strauss was born Oct. 1, 1841, in (termany, and is a son of Henry I), and Wilhelmina (I>auh Stmuss. Mr. S. came to Pike county in 1*^57. whi-re he hius since reside«l. He has a good German and a go«Kl Knglish education. He is engaged iti farming on sec. 12, and owns SO acres of land. His is the oldest settled place in the township, part of his land having been un<ler cultivation for over '.0 years. In 1802 he enlisted iii Co. B, 99th 111. Inf., under Capt. Matthews; in ls03 was transferred to the 4th Ke^'. Vet. Res. Corj)S, in which he was a non-commissioned officer. He served three years, lacking 1 1 days. He was in nmny of the im|x>rtant battles of the war; was at the siege of Vicksburg. and says that the da}' after the rebels surrendered was the most lonesome (lav of his life. He had become so accustomed to the firiuij^ of the artillery that he was lost and lonesome without its constant roar. In 1869 he was married to Denia Hake, and they have a family of 6 children, 4 of whom are living. Both Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the Perry Lutheran Churcli.

Merriman Tticker^ farmer, sec. 5 ; P. (^. Fish-IIo )k , was born in Virginia in 1819, and is the son of C. and Julia (Warren) Tucker, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Virginia, and both of Irish ancestry. Plis opjxu-tunities for an early education were very limited, and most of his education was obtained after he was 21 years of age. In 1842 he was married to Miss A. Keeves; 0 children have been born to bless their union. Mr. T. is a member of the ^I. E. Church, while she is a member of the Christian Church. Their son, Coalstoii Tucker, during the dai-k days of the rebellion went to defend his country, enlisting in the 14th RciT. 111. Inf., and served till 1865. Mr. T. is eno-aijjed in farming and has made it a business to improve a farm and then sell it, Ke has followed this mode until he has improved 12 farms in Pike and Brown counties. When he first came here, he tells us, he could see wolves more frequently than he can hogs at large at the present day.

John Vail, farmer, owning over 200 acres of land, was born Sept. 24; 1815, in Ohio, son of Solomon and Jane Vail; the former was born in AVashington Co., Pa., and of German descent, and his mother, in Westmoreland Co., of the same State, and of Irish ancestry. Mr. V. came to Illinois in 1842, landing at Qiiincy Oct. 10; he had then only $300. He embarked in farming and owns 200 acres of land and an interest in 160 more, - all in Pike county. In 1846 he was i)uirried to Helena A. Reed. Three boys and four girls were born to them. His wife, who was a metnber of the Christian Church, died May 4, 1868. Mr. Vail politically is a Democrat; has served as Town Clerk 3 years, and also as Supervisor, Assessor and Road Commissioner.

Leander Vail, farmer, sec. 23; P. O., Perry. Loander Vail was born in Pike county, 111., Oct. 20, 1848; he is the son of John and Helena (Reed) Vail, early pilgrims to this county, lie received his education in the common schools of Pike county. He was united in marriage Jan. 23, 1879, to Mary Elledge, daughter of A. A. Elledge, and was born in this county Oct. 25, 1848. Her father was one of the early settlers of this county. Mr. Vail has served the township as Collector, and is Clerk at the present time. Asa farmer he has been successful. He deals in cattle and hogs, which he buys and sells to shippers.

J. W. Walker, farmer, sec. 24; P. O., Perry; is a native of this county and the son of Robert and Haniudi (Scott) Walker, well known in the earlv historv of Pike county. J. W. was born Nov. 27, 1850; received his education in the common schools of this county, and began life as a farmer, now owning 160 acres of good

Ikichttrd T. Witliiisley was horn in Rhode Island in lS5I;his ])arents are Richard and Mary (Carpenter) Walnislcv. his lather a native of Kn;;Iand and his mother of Rhode Island. Richard T. attended the ciuninon schools of his native State, where he received a fair education; ft»r a time he woi ked in the cotton factmies of Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Kentucky, and in ISCi.S came to lllinoiN wilii his fiither. with wh«»m, in connection with another hrother, he owns ISO acres of laii«I, and they are en^aired in farmin^'. His mother died Jan. 'J»j, iXJfi.

Ira J. UV/*^>w was Inirn in New Hampshire, Jan. 7, 1S31, and is a son of James and Mary Wilson, lH>th natives of Vermont and of Irish deseent. Sept. 10, lS.'i7, he was unite<l in marriaire with Marietta Corey, a native <»f this county. I'.oih he and his wife received a «^oo«l common schytd education. Mr. W. went to Oregon in 1S52, in ls;)4 to California, two years later returneil to Illinois, ami in the f«»llowin4; year was married, as ^tated alwive. and is now eni^i^cil in farmiiii^ in this tjiwnship. He came tolllinoisin 1S3G with his father, who settled in (tri^p»ville, and in lb.'J7 located <»n see. 3, this tp. Mrs. Wilson is a niemlH;r of the M. E. Church.

Jamts Wooilti, larmer, sec. K.; !*.()., Fish Hook; is a native of iSrown c«>unty, <)., an<I was horn in iM)*^. and is a son (»f Samuel an<l EUie (^Ritchie) Wo<k1s, the former of Irish descent and the latter a native of Ireland. Mr. W. ha> a linjited education which lie rt^ceivwl in the ctunmon sclimds ot Ohio; he wune to Pike county in March, ls4r>, and en ' in farminir, now ownin<.' 1»'»0 acres of land on sec. \i\. He w.. ; ; ried in 182"J, to Rachel JackM»n, and 6 of the 8 children lH»rn to them are living, all t»f whom are married. In 1871> Mr. W. had liecn marrieii for half a century, and Ix'th he and his wife have In-en ' ' - rs of the M. E. Church for 5U years. She is 3 year^ and 4 - vomiger than he is.

This is a full Congressional township, and is officiHlly known as township four south, range four west of the fourth principal meridian. New Salem is a i)rairie township, and in an agricultural point of view is an especially fine section of country. It was not settled as early as some of the more southern townships of the county were, but at present ranks with any in regard to improvements. It is settled with an enterprising class of people who never lag in such matters.

Although it is what we may term a prairie township it is well watered and drained. Strange to say, even in this peninsula, formed hy the Mississippi and Illinois rivers, there is no well-defined water-shed. However, we find so many streams having their origin in this township and flowing in difi'erent directions, we conclude it to be one of the highest tracts of land in the county. Bay creek, and one of its main branches, have their origin in Kew Salem. Also the south Fork of McGee's creek, a branch of the Middle Fork of the same creek, and another small stream which runs ulf into Adams county, the name of which we do not know.

The first pioneer who ventured to locate in this townshi]) was Mr. Joab Shinn, who came in 1S30 and located on sec. 14 in the edge of the beautiful grove there.

The next settlement was made in the southern part of the township, sec. 24, in ls31, l»y Isaac Conkright and his two sons. About the same time came William Scholl ; also Nathan Swiggart and Samuel Griffith, who located on sec. 14, in company with Mr. Shinn. Then came William Crumji, Henry Brown and others.

In 1832 the Black Hawk war occurred, and although the l)attle grounds were many miles distant, yet it was the cause of much excitement and ap]irehension in this county. The immediate result of this was t<j check immigration to this State, and for a few years few new settlers made their appearance in this section. However, after the lapse c»f a lew seasons, when it began to be definitely understood in the Ea^t and South that no further molestations were likelv to occur, a new tide of immij'ration set toward this county never l)efore or since equaled. This l)egan in l.'^34 and continued for about five years. A system of advertising and s]H'Culation similar to that now prevailing in the country several hundreds ot miles further West, brought thousands upon thousands.

<;ar(l to the Western i^oUl, silver und lead mliies,was that which swej)t thrttujrh the Eastern ami Southern States in rei^anl to Illinois lands anil town hits. iJuriM:; the years ISS') 7, nnne than .')<>(» town- were laid out in Illinois, nianv of these in I*ikeconntv. Kailruads were projected throui^h nearly all of them, and these, with the town sites, were jdatted, showin-j depot «;roiinds, parks and tlrives, and Were sent with the most exa:;i;crated descrijitions tt» all |tarts of the Country. Tin- State (rovcrninent cau«,'lit the epidemic, and hills for railroads, canals, and other internal improvements were passed, correspondinj^ in ma'^nitude with the universal expectancy of the peo]>]e. In ISI^T a Hnancial crisis aimc and found this State l>ut ill-prepared for the shock. As a conscciuencc, the numerous railroads, canals and ])aper cities vuni^hed in thin air. Kor a numltcr of years after this, improvements and immigration was at a stand fetill. Of course this part of the country, havinj^ no extra inducements to olFer. partodk of the ^M-neral stai,'nation, and for a sc<ire of years no remarkable advance was made either in po}»ulation or improvement. Occasionally a new arrival was announcetl. A relation or frienii writin;^ to tlio old home in the Kast or South, would induce Souse one to c«»me out to see the country, and perhaps work a year, and once here, ho would likely slay. As in other parts ot the State, the tirst settlers h>cjite<l in or near the timber, and there we tind tlie Hrst improvements. Ere" nrnny years, however, some of the more enterjtrisin;^ pushed out up<»n the fertile prairies. They tliscovered that farms much more prolitalde could l>e ma<le. mucn easier and <juicker than in the timl)er.

The first |>erson who met death in this townshin was Mr. ('arrington, wlio died in is.'H. The first sermon preached washy liev. Samuel < >plesl»y, a Methodist minister. This sermon was delivered at the funeral of Sarah Tedrow.

The tirst schoulhouse in New Salem was built in 1834. The buildin<^ stood on sec. 15 and for sevenil years was used for relijjituis purposes. The Hrst church was built in the villa<;e (»f New Salem in 1S44. by the Met!»odist brethren. The first steam-mill wa* built in l^.')»»-7, by Cooper Temple, near the villa^' of New Salem.

The Walia.-h luiiiroad pa*»ses thr<.u«:h the townshijt, enteriiif^ from the east ab(»ut the middle of sec. 24, runnin;; on a direct westerly line until the town of New Salem is reached, when it strikes a west north »vest course to Pineville.

There are two pleasant little country villafjes in this township, both of which are on the line of the Wal)a.sh Railroad, and in the midst of a tine farmir)^ community. The older, New Salem, was laid out Dec. 22, 1S47, by William F. Hooper and Jacob Shinn. It is located on sees. 22 and 15. The original town was further north than the main portion of the ])resent villa^ is. Pineville, which is located on the southwest quarter of sec. 7, was laid out by William Pine, jr., r>ct. 26, 1861<. The name has since been changed to Baylis. that l>eing the name of the p»stottice.

New Salem Universalist Church

The Universalist Church in New Salem owes its existence principally to the earnest efforts of Daniel Fisher and David Preble (two la,ymen whose wives were sisters), and a few zealous friends who aided their elfurts.

They were atnoni,^ the early settlers of the town, and are gratefull}' remembered for what they were, and what they did to benefit society, for they have both gone to their final rest.

Their dwelling-houses were open for religious worshij> in the early days when church accommodations were wanting, and the ministers of other forms of faith besides their own held services in them.

Among the early advocates of Universalism who preached in Kew Salem and vicinity, were Revs. Abel Chandler, William Gamage, E. Manford and Father Wolf The last mentioned was a Dunkard or German r>aj)tist, who believed in the final salvation of all souls. The first seeds of the Universalist faith were sown ])rincipally by these men. Mr. Gatnage was the first Universalist minister who had continuous appointments in the vicinity of New Salem. He probably preached in Mr. Fisher's house in 1849, and held services once a month for some two or three years. He resided a part of the time in Naples, and a part of the time in Barry, and depended principally upon school-teaching for his support.

The soil here was favorable to the growth of the Universalist faith, as is shown by the eagerness of the people to obtain that kind of religious readinff. For when the Universalist State Missionarv, Rev. AV, E. Reily, visited New Salem, in the month of August, 1851, to preach on Sunday, but was prevented from holding religious services by a heavy rain storm that prevailed at the time, he sold twelve dollars worth of Universalist books.

When school-houses were built, and religious services were held in them, the appointment for a Universalist meeting sometimes created bitter opposition, and to avoid this, Messrs. Fisher and Preble concluded to make the attempt to build a church edifice, thouMi the friends were neither numerous nor wealth v. Thevsaid we will get what help we can, and what is lacking we will pay ourselves. Mr. Fisher bought the land on which the church stands, and afterward deeded to the society, and the present church building, valued at $2,500, was completed and dedicated the 17tli of December, 1854.

Rev. D. R. Eiddlecome had been engaged to preach every other Sabbath, a short time before the dedication of the church, and he preached the dedication sermon. He continued his labors f )r two years and a half, and organized a Church August 5, 1855. Apart of this time he occupied three-fourths of his time in New Salem, though he resided at Griggsville.

tor, aiul c<)iiti!Hied Ins pastorate for six years, preaching one-lmlf of the time in New Salem, ami the other half in Hurry; except the la.st year, when lie preached all the time in New Salem. He rc-^i^led all the time, except the last year, in Marry. The Sunday School was commenced durin;; his pastorate in the summer of 1862.

Uev, William (lamage was en;^aj;ed t*t teach the village sjhool, in thf fall of isr.r., and was employed to j)reach every other Sunday in New Salem for two years.

During the years 1872-3and, 75, Kev. John Hughes preached one Sahhath a month here. T\\ii Church was re-organized during his mini-try. He never resided in the pari>h, hut usually came on Saturday ami left on Monday, and of cour^e had not much opportunity to do parish work, tiiough he had large congregatit»ns. The strength of tiie parish at tiiat time was'io families, 30 churcii memhcrs, an<i a Sninlay-bcho<d «»f ^1 scholars and teachers.

Mr. Talntr wji* engage<l to preach for the parish one-lialf of the time in March, 1S7'.«, ami is now the resi«lent Pastor. The reported strength of the parish at the commencement of the year 18>0 was 5**

We give in connectitni with tlic aliove sketch hrief hiographies of the oM settlers and )>rominetit |)ersons of the township. Tiiey will Im* found to form an interesting feature ot this voliune

J. Ik. AUr-n; I*. ( >., I'aylis; was horn in this county in IS5<»; Jiig parents, J. M. and Mary Allen, were natives of Kentucky, and cjime Ijere in an early day and settlinl on the farm where. I. I{. now resides. In lsr»7 he marrie<l Mahala A. H<niston, who was l>orn in Adams county, this State, in 1S4*>. and tliey i»ail 7 children, namely. William D., Charles T., Andy M., Leva (decease*! ). .J, L., Jetf. li. and Mary M. Mr. Allen has followed carpentering ami farming; ijwns 9(' acres of land. He had one hrother. who lost his life in the late war; was first \vounde<l near Helena, Ark., and died at (Jaj»e < Girardeau.

John Arufrews, dealer in general merchandise. New Salem, is a native o\' England, where he was horn Feh. 6, 1>40; he came to the Uniteil States in l'^.*>4. and two years later cauje to this county, and in 1>61 emharked in the mercantile husinesg at New Salem. lu 1863 he was unite<l in marriage with Miss M. A. Temple; she was U)rn in St, Louis in 1^4-2. and died in 1865. In 186s Mr. A. was married to Miss H. L. Fisher, a native of Ohio. To them have been l»orn 5 children: Charles, Harry, Maud, Alice and John. Mr. A. has held the office of Postmaster, at New Salem, since 1867. He is a prominent member of the L'niversalist Church.

John C'lrnes, deceased, son of Thomas and Elizahetli Carnes, natives of Maryland, was born in 1>^12; at the a<^e of i-i lie moved to Ohio, and in 1858 married Michel Hardin, who was born in Harrison county, O., in 1814, and they had one child. He came to this State about 35 years ago, and located in this tp,, wliere he lived until his death, which occurred in 1807. Mrs. Carnes carried on the farm until her son John was old enough to attend to it. Both Mr. and Mrs. Carnes were members of the United Brethren Church. P. O., New Salem.

Solomon G. Chaney^ farmer, sec. 16; P. O., New Salem; was born in 1843, son of Elijah and Mar}' Chancy, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of England, who came to this county in 1835, and remained until their death. Solomon was married in 1866 to EmmaEddingHeld, who was born in 1843 in Lancaster, O., and they had 7 children, - Emma E., Hiram E., Maude E., Alcyone A., Hennon G., Rosa C. and Mary L.; Maude is dead. Mr. C. enlisted in the late war in 1861, in Co. I, 33d Reg. HI. Inf. ; was in the battle at Fredericktown, Mo., campaign in Arkansas, then through Missouri, was in the siege of Yicksburg, at JS'ew Orleans, then on the Texas coast, then Mobile, Ala. He was mustered out Dec. 10, 1865, at Camp Butler, this State, and has since followed farming; owns 40 acres of land. Mr. and Mrs. Clianey are members of the Universalist Church. Mr. C. is also a Free Mason.

Joseph E. Chaney^ farmer, was born in 1833, in Washington, D. C, and is a son of Elijah and Mary C. Chaney, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of England, who came to America in 1820. At the age of H years Joseph E. went to England, and returned in 18 months, and has since been a resident of New Salem. He is a farmer and resides on sec. 20 ; owns 160 acres of land, and it is well improved. Mr. and Mrs. C. are members of the Universalist Church.

A. B. Cohh, physician; P. O., New Salem; was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., in 1830, and is a son of Philanthropy and Harriet Cobb, of English descent, his father a native of New York and mother of Massachusetts. At the age of 13 he came with his parents to this county and located in Perry, where he learned the harness and saddler's trade, which he followed for 6 years; then read medicine under Dr. Carey 3 years, and in 1856-7 attended the Missouri Medical College ; then commenced practice in Iladley tp., and remained tliere 12 years. Was Postmaster 4 years, and also School Director. In 1853 he married Miss Emma J. Shields, who was born in 1836, in Fulton county. 111., and died Feb. 8, 1868, in Pladley tp. They had 5 children, 4 of whom are living. In 1870 Dr. Cobb married Laura Huntley, born in 1835, and a native of Pennsylvania. They have one child, and are members of the Presbyterian Church.

A. W. Cochran, sec. 4; P. O., New Salem; was born in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1815; his father, James, a native of Ireland, was in the war of the Revolution, and ])resent at St. Clair's defeat. His mother, Elizabeth, was a native of Germany. Our subject

Ciiiiif t<j this county in I'^tiJ. In 1*^51 lie niurried Mi&e liubeeeu Cornsvell, born in 1^-J5, and thev had lo children; only 5 uf tiiese are iivin*;^. Mr. C. has followed bntcherin';, and of late, farinin;; and tradin:,' on the Mississippi river. lie has held the ottice of School Director for the remarkably l<»ii:; period of 44 years, and in Ohio was School Treasurer. During the war he snpj>orted 13 families while the husbands and fathers servetl in the held. Mr. Cochran had an exciting e.vperietjce in Ohio diirin-; the war, which we rehite. While he was electioiieerin^jj for .McClellan, a man who was b«»th preacher and dt»ctor, acoompanie<l by y soldit'rs, came to Mr. C. and threatenetl to han^ him; out when the soldiers learned that Mr. C was 8up|H>rtin^ 13 soldiers' families they relejised him and were about to han^ the reverend d»»ct4»r, when they were dissiuide«l by the kindly feeling of .Mr. CV>cliran.

John JJ. Coinhs was l>oru in 1792 in France, and was tlio bon of Ji»hn I), and Mary A. Combs, who were also natives of Franco; the family emii;rate<l to New Castile in IV>rtU(fal, when he wa> youn«;; at the time of lionaparte's defeat at this place, John D. lied to seek shelter from the shot and shell of the British army; ho got lust from his motiier and, sup|K>sing she had )>een killed, wandered around in search of his fjither, he l»eing on lioiiaparte's staff, but found him ilead. Our ^ubject was now left without parents, brother or sister, and he knew not what to do; a Jewish peddler

})rovod to bo a good Sanuirit^iii Ur him, taking iiim in charge, ceding him ami conveying him to Lisbon; here the orphan wanden'd about the city, sleeping out of do<»rh and in abandoned retreats tor 3 or 4 weeks, and getting iiotiiing to ejit e.vcept what he could )>ick up from the back dinars of hotels and boarding houses. Here again a gcKnl Samaritan ap}H'areil in tlic i)ereon of an American sea captain, and ttnik himal>oard of his shipan<l cared for iiim until hi."» (the captain's) death. The captjiin's wife then became his guanlian and oouuii him out to the lx»ot and shoemaker's trade; at\er 4^ years' stay ho ran away from his master and eidisted in the r. S. service for .*> years timier Scott's command at Baltimore, thence t«» New Orleans and Uj) the Mississipj)i river, stopping at Baton ivouge, St. Ixtuis and Council itlutfs. This expedition was for the purpose of making traities witii the Indians in Nebraska and a-s far north as the Yellowstone. After 5 years' service he was mustereii out at OmaluL, Neb., and went to New Orleans for his pay; then returned to this St^ite, then a territory, and located at Alton, where he was tirst married. After working at his trade for several years, he commenced selling goods on the Illin(»is river, at Perry, and also at New Salem. He is at present living a retired life at the age of >S years. He has been 3 times marrie<l, but is now a widower; is unusually sjirv and active for one of his age, and challenges any man in the county for a half-mile race. P.O., New Salem.

natives of Kentucky, lie owns 160 acres of good land, in 1863 he was married to Harriet L. Bean, of this county, who was born in 1847; they have 2 chiUlren, Jolin W. and Harris. They are members of the UniversalistCliurch.

Williaui Crumj)^ farmer, sec. 24; P. O., New Salem; was l)orn in Washington county, Penn., in 1815; his parents, Stephen and Nancy Crump, were natives of Virginia. From 1828 to 1835 tlie family lived in Virgini.i. Our subject came to this State in tlie spring of 1835 and settled in Quincv; while there he manufacture'! wagons. In 1837 he moved to this county, and in 1838 he marrie<l Miss Margaret Hooper, who was born in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1821, and they had 8 children, - Joseph, John, George W., Nathan, Mary E., Thomas II., Harriet E. and Jennie A.; the second and fifth are dead. Mr. Crump has tbllowed farming, princijjally, since settling in this county. When he came here the settlement was very thin, there being but one family between his farm and Griggsville; the nearest mill was 8 miles away. Mr. and Mrs. C. are Methodists.

31. S. Darrah, sec. 15; P. O., New Salem;* was born in this county in 1839, and is the son of John and Elizabeth Darrali; his father was a native of Ohio, and his mother of Pennsylvania. Except 10 years in Champaign County, this State, the subject of this sketch has always resided in this county. His occupation is that of a farmer, and he owns 120 acres, his residence Jjeing on sec. 15. Oct. 25, 1865, he married Maggie M. Hooper, who is also a native of this county, and they have 5 children, - Gertie, deceased; Gracie, deceased; Franklin, Freddie, Mary G. Mr. and Mrs. D. are members of the M. E. Church. Mr. D. served 3 months in the war, in the regiment?! band, and was discharged on account of bleeding at the lungs.

II. L. Davidson^ son of Joshua and Susanna Davidson, natives of Penns3dvania, was born in 1818 in Ohio, where he was brought up; in 1856 he emigrated to this county, settling on a farm 1-^ miles north-west of Baylis, where he followed both farming and blacksmithing. In 1841 he married Miss Hannah Tipton, who was born in 1819 in Jefferson county, Ohio, and of their 8 children 3 are living, to wit: John H., Susan and Mary L. Mrs. D. died in 1878. In 1877 Mr. D. moved into Baylis, where he erected a wagon and blacksmith shop, and he does all kinds of work in his line. He was a local preacher in the M, E. Church 25 years, and for the last 6 years he has held the same position in the United Brethren Church.

W. II. Deader was born in 1838 in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania; when 10 years of age he came with his ])arent8, Isaac and Sophia Deeder to this county, settling at Pittslield; in 1859 he married Sarah J. Mountain, a native of Adams county, 111., and they had one child. Mrs. D. died in 1863, and the next year ]\[r. D. married Sophronia Osborne, who was born in 1857 in Tennessee, and they have had 7 children, 5 now living. Mr. D. has been School

Director, hihI is now an ordained minister of the Baptist Cluircii at Fairniount. He served 3 ycrs and S niontlis in the hite war, in the 2d Ke<;iincnt, Battery A, since which time lio lias followed tiiriniiii; and hlacksmithin^. Residence, sec. 4; 1*. ()., Baylis.

Theiulore JJoylt,, physician, was horn in Marion county, Ohio, in l!>4G. His lather, S'icholas Doyle, was a native of Ireland; his mother, Maria, was a native of liedford connty, l*enn. At the age of 10 years he moved to ('iiiwli»rd>viile, Indiana, lived there 2 years, then moved to Champaign county, this Slate. In \^Cu he came to this county, where he has since resided. He commenced the study of medicine while in the eastern part of the State, lie graduated at the .\mericaii Kfjectic Medical ("olh»ge at St. L»uis, and conimenced practice in Kiiiderho.»k, this county. Sept. 4, 1.^70, Dr. Doyle ujarried Delight S. Winsor, who was horn Dec. l.'>, ls44, in this county, and thoy had 2 children. Mrs. D.'s parents were Ahm/.o and Mariraret Winscir, natives of New York. The Dr. has an extensivi' ..--.-*;.-.-. 1*. ()., New Salem.

of Kentucky, was horn In ('leruioiit county, (Jhio, in lf>25. When he was 2 vears old lie movu«l with his parents to I*r(»wn c«tu!itv, ()., where he was raist?<l and e<luc«ted. In 1^4s he came to Pike ctiunty and li»cate«l in thi- tp., where he has since resided. Oct. 23, lN')2, he njarried .Mary -! \Iace, who was l>orn in Somerset (now BiscatJUjui-') County, Mai iM", in 1^29, and came to this couiity in l^:*f'i, and they have had 4 children, namely: Henry !>., .Fohn M., Kiia D. and Harmon P.; the latter died in Novemher, lb<J7. ( )ur 8ul>- ject has held the otHcc ot Commissioner of Highways, School Director, Justice of tin Peice, and Assessor. His principal occupati<jn has heer. farming, though formerly he was a hlack>mith; aUo carried on a saw- mill, and kept a liimher yanl. He n<»w owns ^^ acr».*s of land with good house on it, and well fonce<l. Mr. and Mrs. E. are memlx'rs of the L'niversalist Church. P. O., New Salem.

G. W. Enijlish, farmer, sec. P. (J, New Salejii ; was l»oni in riermont county, ()., in !^27. His parents, Ilohert and .Martha Ijiglish, Were natives of New York, and aime t«» this county when G. W. was 8 years old; at that time' there was n<» house hetwe<?n them and Quincy. a distance of 2a miles; an«l here our suhject has live<l ever since, except 3 years spent in California, prospecting for gold. He went in 1^.'»2 and njade $1.<KK>; he went a<!ro6s the isthmus and returned the same way to New York. In 1850 Mr. English married Sarah E. Bryant, who was horn in Verniont in Septemher, l>3*J.and their 5 children are. - Nathan, (ieorge.Luella, Emma E. and Marv F. His eldest son is studvin;; for the ministry, in Lincoln, Nehraska. Mary is a teacher in the public schools at Baylis, III. All the family, except Mary, are Methodists. Mr. E. is a zealous Sunday-school worker. Mr. English l>eing also a worker in his country's cause, organized the Union League in many plates in

John EwiiKj^ farmer, sec. 6 ; P. O., Baylis; was born in Jefferson count}', O., in 1817. His parents, Alexander and Susan Ewing, were natives of Pennsylvania. They came to Ohio in an early day, and in 1851 came to Illinois and died in this count}'. In 1841 our subject married Keziah Tii)ton, born in 1825, in Jefferson county, Ohio; and they have had 4 children, to wit : Alexander, Susan C. and Nancy A. Susan died 4 years ago. ]\[r. E. has been School Director. In early life he was in limited circumstances, but by industry and economy he has acquired 100 acres of land. His wife is a Baptist.

Charles B. Flsk, sec. 15; P. O., New Salem; son of Eleazer and Lucy Fisk; v/as born in Xew Hampshire in 1829; he was taken to Massachusetts with his parents when he was one 3'ear old, and in 1840 came to Griggsville, this county. In 1860 he married Betsey E. Cobbs, who was born in 1837 or 1838.. in New York, and they have 2 living children. Mr. F. has been Overseer of Highways, Scliool Trustee, and is now President of the Town Board of New Salem. Mrs. F. is a Methodist. When he commenced in life for himself Mr. Fisk was in very limited circumstances, but he now has SO acres of nice land. On his arrival here his nearest neighbors were Amos Blood, A. P. Sharpe and Thos. Bates.

Willlain, II. Fish, physiciai:; P. O., Baylis; was born in Milbury, Mass., in 1S4S. His parents, Robert and Susan Fish, were natives of England, and came to America in 1842, and located in Milbury, and then emigrated to Iladley, this county, in 1854, where our subject was raised and educated, and also taught common school. He graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Keokuk, Iowa, Feb. 14, 1878; had commenced practice at Benville, Brown county, in 1873. After remaining there 2 years, he came to this place, whei-e he has since remained. Dr. F. is a member of the M. E. Church, and has a good, growing practice.

James M. Furry was born in Highland county, O., in 1828; his father, Christopher Furry, was a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother, Mary {nee Edward), was of Irish descent, and born in Ohio. Mr. Furry spent 8 or 9 years in Ross count}', and in 1849 he married Elizabeth Ann Patton, born in Kentucky in 1828. They have had 11 children. Our subject came to this county in 1856, and is now a merchant. He deals in dry-goods, groceries, hats and caps, boots and shoes, crockery, etc. He was Justice of the Peace in Ohio, and Supervisor in Pittsfield. His oldest child died at the age of 5 years, and more recently his second son died, aged 28, who was traveling salesman for a St. Louis firm. Residence, New Salem.

John Gray, farmer and hlackcmitli, sec. 5; P. O., New Salem; was horn in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1S14; his ])arcnt8, Thomas (a native (tf Vermont) and Hannah, c«me to Ohio in a very early day. At tlie a;;e of 17 our snlject went to Clermont county, O., and came to this county in 1838, and has lived here ever since. In 1840 lie was married to Nanev Bradhurv, a native of Clermont county, Ohio, aii<l had 5 children lie atterward marritd Mrs. Stii;; I'arnard, and thev had '1 children. Mr. (i. has held the olHce of Commissioner «)f Highways for the last H years. He owns 80 acres of land near New Salem.

Frtderi'k /lilbducr, farmer, sec 33; i'. O , NewSaU'in; was horn in l^*24, in Saxony, (icrmatiy; liis paretJts were Partaloms and Ilosena llalhauer. Fre<lerick came to Aniericn and locjited in Philadelphia, Pa,, in 1S4S; then li%'eil Tyearsin Turlington county, same State, and came to this cotmty in lS5rt. The same year he married Mis.*! It4>sena En«»s, who was Ixirn in 1S31 in I^ivaria. and thev have had s children, one of whom is dead. Mr. H. owns acres of giM»d land, well improve<i.

John Hooper, farmer, see. 27; P. O., New Salem; son of John and Hannah Cooper, natives of New Jersey; was horn in Clermont county, Ohio, in 1823. At the age of 12 he came with his brother Thomas to this State, and lived 2 years in Coles county; came to Pike ciunity in 1S37, where he has since residcfl. In ls44 he uKirried Mary Ann Shinn, who was born in Indiana in 1825, and came to this countv in 1835; ihey had 11 children, 7 of whom are living, - Hannah, Peter F., J. C., Asa, Newton N., Louisa and Minnie M. Mr. H. own.'^ 2oo acres of land, all acrjuired by hi.s own industry; he has held the <'llice of Soho«>l Trunlee for the last 20 years; been School I)irector sevenil terms; has lived on his present farm 24 years, and is well known throiighout this and adjoining townships as an efticient scho<^il officer. -Mr. and Mrs. II. arc Metliodists. Mr. Hooper is also a Free Mason.

W'lUuna R. Hooper^ farmer, sec. 15; P. O., New Salem; was born in Clermont connty, Ohio, in 1">42. His father, Peter Hooper, was a native of New Jersey, and his mother, Lida llooper, a native of Kentucky. lie came to this county in 1>4><, locatin<;in Griggsyille tp., then lived in Champaign county, this State, 18 months; in 1?^60 he married Miss L. B. Dillon, who was born in 1844 in Clermont county, Ohio, and they have had 2 children, a boy and a girl. He enlisted in the army in 1802, in Co. K, 99th Reg. He was in several battles, and was discharged in \sCtb\ since that time he has followed farming, and owns 154 acres of land. Mr. and Mrs. II. are members of the Universalist Church of New Salem.

Alomo Huhhard, tanner, sec. 16; P. O., New Salem; was born in Portsmouth, Rockingham county, N, H., in 1816. His father, Joshua Hul)bard, was a native of Maine, and his mother, Eliza II. C. Hubbard, a native of Pennsylvania. He had good educational advantages, having attended the Academy at Portsmouth, and also at Lowell, Mass. In 1S37 he came to Mason county, Kentucky, followed farminix and tobacco raising, then took a trip to ]S'ew Orleans, thence to this county; after remaining one year he returned to Kentucky to settle business there, then came back and settled permanently in this tp. March 20, 1S45, he married Charlotte Brown, who was born in Ireland in 1S25. and came to America when 8 years old. Mr. and Mrs. Hubbard have 6 children, namely, Henry, William, Amos, Eliza H. C, Louise F. and Hilton. Two of the sons were in the army; Henry belonged to Co. K, 99th 111. Vol., was with Sherman in his march to the sea. William belonged to Co. I, 18th Reg. I. V. I. Mr. and Mrs. Hubbard are members of the Uiiiversalist Church, at New Salem.

Elijah Jeffers^ retired farmer, was born in Clermont county, O., Jan. 1, 1803; he is the son of William and Sarah (Rollins) Jeflers, the former a native of England, and the latter of Ireland. Our subject was reared upon a farm, and has successfully followed agricultural pursuits thus far through life. He came to this county Oct. 17, 1837; hence is one of the oldest pioneers who have helped to convert the native wilds of this county into fruitful fields. He had but a limited education and possessed only 8300 when he came to the county. His first purchase was 80 acres of wild land, which, he improved and to which he added from time to time, until one time he owned between 500 and 600 acres, most of which he has divided among his children. He has held local township offices and been class- leader in the M. E. Church over 20 years, of which Church he has been an active and prominent member for 53 years, as also has his wife. In 1826 or 1827, in Ohio, he was married to Hannah Pine, daughter of William and Hannah Pine, natives of England and New Jersey, respectively. Of this union 11 children have been born, 10 of whom are living : John C, William P., Mary A., Samuel, Isaac E., Rachel, James, Lucinda, Francis L. and Martha F. AVe give Mr. Jeffers' portrait.

George Johnston^ blacksmith and wagon-maker ; P. O., New Salem; was born in Westmoreland county, Penn., Dec. 4, 1834. His father, Robert Johnston, was a native of Ireland, and his mother, Nancy Johnston, a native of Pennsylvania; when 2 years old he moved with his parents to Harrison county, Ohio, where he was raised. In 1857 he came to Brown county, this State, where he followed blacksmithing, and in 1858 came to Pike county. In 1859 he married Sarah A. Reed, who was born in Brown county, this State, Feb. 12, 1S3G, and they have had 6 children. Mr. J. has followed blacksmithino' 22 vears. He is a member of the Masonic order.

Nitthfin Kim/inn^ fiiriner, sec. 85; I'. ( ).. rittstield; is a son of I>evi iuul SiisHtirmli Kinman. natives of North Carolina ; lie was Uroui^lit to tliis coiinty with his jiarents in 1S31. In I s4 3 he was unitotl in marriage with Kli/.a Cadwell; shtr was liorn in the Stat^' of Kentucky in 1S21, anil died in 1868. To them were born 9 children, 7 of wlioin are livin<,' : Riihert II., Jo>ej)h M., William F., John(\, Lewis K., .Mary ('., Nathan J., (-harles \. and Arthur L. After the deniit^e of hie former wite he wiis married to Kliza J. Conkri^ht, who was Iwrn in the State of Ohio in 1839. Mr. K. h>i6 held the ottiee of County Commissioner, and is a member of tho liaptist Clmrch.

J'tiiuH F. Ltmmon, painter and oariH-Miter; 1'. ()., Bay lis; was born in Adanis o>unty, III., in 185u. Iiis jtarents were Wm. and Cornelia Lemmon, the former a native of Indiana and the latter of North Carolina. .\t the a^re of \'\ he left his jiarents, and at 1»J he be^an t«» learn the carpenter's trade; at 17 he went into the IT. S. army and serve<l three years and two hours. At first he was in Co. I), :i7th Ue*;; then he was in Co. C, 5tli U.S. Inf. In \^ll ho wa-s marriiMl to .\merica I'\»x in I\an^as (^ity, Mo., who wji-s iKjrn in 1S4<» in Chariton, .M«»., atul they have had 2 ehildren, one of which has diet!. Since his return fn»m the army he has been en-jaije*! in jiaintinj^ of all kinds. lie is now Constable in New Salem tp. Mr. and Mrs. L. are Methodist*.

Archibalil B. y[<- Donald , farmer, sec. 4; P. ()., Haylis; was born in Sumner county, Tenn., in 1*^14. His lather, A. li. Mcl>onald, was born in Scotland, and his mother, Elizabeth McDonahl, was born in North Carolina. He came to this State in 1832 and I<»aited in Morj^n county, and moved to this coU!ity irj thes|)ring of |s4^). May 10, 1841, he marricl Khuda E. Askew, who was born in (rreen count}', Ky., in 1824, and they have had 12 children, 6 of whom are living. Mrs. McDonald dietl in 1875, and in 1878 Mr. Mc- Donald married Mrs. Sarah J. Hull, a mother of 4 children; .^he was born in 182.') in Wa.-^hington county, Ky., and is a meml>er of the United Brethren Church.

Our subject grew to manliood in his native State, and in 1849 moved to Oliio; two years later he came to Illinois, locating in La- Salle county, where he remained 13 years, and in 1S64 came to this county. lie first learned the tailor's trade, which business he followed for 13 years, and then engaged in agricultural pursuits, and now owns 122 acres of land on sec. G, this tp. lie has held the offices of Collector, School Director, etc. He was married in 1846 to Miss Adeline Ilutton, a native of Lancaster county. Pa., and daughter of Benjamin and Susan Ilutton. Eight of their 11 children are living, namely: Anna L. (now ]V[rs. Jeffers), Clara, Nettie, Jesse, Herbert J., Frank N., ]\Ierritt L. and Nora E.

David 3filler,i'-cirmer, sec. 19; P.O., Baylis; son of Thomas and Nancy Miller, natives of Pennsylvania, was born in this county in 1839. In 1863 he married Elizabeth Carnes, born in 1846, and they have 2 children living, - Mary A. and Francis. Mr. M. owns 69 acres of good land. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and has license to preach. Mrs. M. is a member of the United Brethren Church.

Illrain Moore was born in this count}' in 1845, the son of John and Sarah Moore, natives of Marj-land, who came to tiiis county 40 years ago; the former died in this tp., in 1876, the latter is still livinjj with her children. Our subject married Miss Mary Dunham ini865; she is a native of this county and was born in 1849; their children are Cora, Laura, Minnie, George E., Amos PI and Freddie. Mr. M. was reared upon a farm, and for the last 14 years has been engacred in farming for himself AVhen he first began in life he had only $100, but by close application and business tact he has accumulated considerable property. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church.

James Morgan^ harness-maker, New Salem; is a native of England, and born in 1826; his parents were James and Letitia Mortjan, also natives of Enijland. He came to America with his

{)arents when he was 14 years old and settled in Illinois. In 1866 16 married Mary Ann Young, who was born in Illinois in 1835, and they have one living child. He has worked at his present employment for 35 years, and thoroughly understands his business.

Af<ldon Pilling, son of Samuel O. and Mary Pilling, was born in England in 1803. In early life he followed hand-weaving, and worked in the manufactory until he came to this country, which was in 1842. He landed in New York, then went to Rhode Island and remained 4 years, then came to Adams county, this State; thence in 1874 to this county. In 1"825 he married Nancy Wild, who was born in England in 1809; they have 4 living children, - John, Mary, Jane and Cordelia. Mrs. Pilling died in 1854, and the same year Mr. P. married Sarah Bhike, who was born in 18(>7, in Rhode Island; she is a member of the J\I. E. Church. During the past 6 years Mr. P. has lived a retired life. P. O., Baylis.

and his mother, Nancy, u native of Vennoiit. In 1871 he married Alary F. Mi'KiiiiK'y, who was horn in thin county in 1S53. They have had 4 children ; only 1 is livin<^, - Frederick. Mr. P. lias followed farnjiii;' durin;; his entire life, ownin;' 40 acres of good land. His father laid out the town of Bay lis. Mrs. Pine is a member of tin" M. E. Church.

John ]r. Pin<\ a brother of the preceding, is a farmer and resides on sec. 6, owning 105 acres id \vell-imi>roved land, lie came to Pike county with his parents in 1838, ami in 1S54 lie married Mary McCleeny, who was horn in Pennsylvania, in 1835, and they have S living children, Lucinda, (reorgc M., Sarah K., Jennie, Fucctta, Mary F., Fncv and Irt'iK-. Mr. P. ha.- always hccii a farmtr. P. ()., Jiaylis.

li. I). Ii> ynttlih wa* born in P»>tetourt county, Virginia, in 1817. His parent.s, Thomas and Priscilla Reynt)lds, were also natives of Virginia. In 1^^3S he married Delilah Slade, who was born in I/C.xington, Ky., in 1H1.'», and they have had 8 children. - .lames T., Cynthia .M., Sarah F., Pell, .John (». and Annie A. Mr. lieynolds caiue from Ohio to this county in 1851 and locHte<l on sec. 16, tliis tp., where ho has resided ever since, fcdlowing ]»rick -masonry and farming; he owns 82 acres of land. He has held the oflices of School Director and Road Overseer. He and his wifeare memlnirs of the M. E. Church. He is also a Freemason. P. O., New Salem.

Emtst S'lymffieck was born in Prussia in 1^34. His ])arent8, Frank ami Sophia Sannebeck, were natives of Prusbia. Our subject aime tt» this country and located in Paltimore, Md. While there he followed butchering; in 1856 he came to Louisville, Ky. Ue served in the late war in Co. A, 1st Peg. K. V. He was in Indiana 4 years, then in St. Louis, and in 1^77 came t<j this jilace. In iNtiy he married .Miss M. Polender, who was born in Hes-^e in 1845. Mr. S. carries on a butcher shop in Paylis, and also keeps the Pinerille Hotel.

jlelnhart Sann^heck, brother of the preceding, was lx>rn in Prussia in 1^2> ; he came to America'in 1^54 and located at Baltimore. In 1S5S he went to Louisville, Ky., and in 1859 and '60, was in Te.xas. In 1861 he went back to Louisville, and in 1873 went to Chicago, 111.; in 1877 he moved to I>arrv, this county, thence to Baylis, where he is engsiged in butchering; is also interested in the Pineville Hotel; he served 3 years in the Prussian army. In 1860 he married Catharine Bolender, who was born in 1834 in Germany. Thev have 3 children, - Frank, 19 years old.

W. H.Seahoni, tarnier, sec. 6; P. O., Baylis; son of liobert and Mary A. Seaborn, was born in this county in 1845. We entered the U. S. service in Co. B, 68th Keg. 111. Inf.; served 3 months guarding jiosts; was mustered out; again enlisted as a teamster in the AVest; served 1 year, then returned home and engaged^n buying and shipping stock. In 1872 he married Sallie Keed, who was born in 1849. Thev have had 2 children: one is dead, and they have adopted a child. Mr. S. now follows farming, owning 130 acres of land.

Henry Shajfacr was born in Hiirhland county, Ohio, in 1826, and is the son of Jacob and Elizabeth Shaffner, natives of Dauphin county, Penn. At the age of 16 he moved with his parents to Edgar county, 111.; in 1844 moved to Brown county, and in 1851 he came to this county, at first locating one mile south of Salem, but in 1870 he settled on sec. 14, where he now resides. He used to be a cooper, but is now a farmer, owning 84 acres of land. In 1850 he married Martha Dunham, who was born in 1832 in Harrison county, Ohio. Their children are Mary J., John W., Louis, Sarah A. and Eliza. The first 2 are dead. United Brethren. P. O., New Salem.

W. O. Shaffner was born in 1848 in Brown county. 111., and is a son of John and Susannah Shaffner, father a native of Pennsylvania, mother of Ohio. His father died in 1874, a worthy member of the U. B. Church, and a good citizen every way. W. O. still lives with his mother; up to 1868 he followed farming, and then he learned the wagon-maker's trade under C. C. Shntfner; for the last 5 vears has conducted the business for himself in New Salem.

John Sigsworth was born in Yorkshire, Eng., Jan. 26, 1825; his parents, Joseph and Ann, were both natives of England, and emigrated to America in 1830, settling in Ohio, and in 1836 settled in this county. At the age of 25 John went to California where he followed herding cattle and farming; returned to this county in 1853; in 1854 went to California again, but since 1858 has followed shipping stock and farming in this county. In 1846 he married Sarah M. Brawley, who was born in 1826 in Ohio. Children, - Dennis B., Lida A., Mary E., Elizabeth J., Alice A., John A., deceased, and Joseph W. Mr. S. has been Assessor, Collector and School Director. P. O., New Salem.

David Siarkey is a native of Pike county, a son of Jonathan and Jane Starkey, natives of Virginia. He was born in 1854, and has lived here all his life; is now on sec. 9, and owns 120 acres of nice land. He has never been as far as 75 miles from home but 3 times in his life. In 1876 he married Annie Gray and they had one child, who is not now living.

Henry A. Starkey was born in 1849 in Huron county, Ohio; liis parents, James and Elizabeth, were born in Wheeling, Virginia; in 1874 lie emigrated to Missouri and married Annie Stod- gress, Dec. 20 of that year; slie was a native of Ohio. In l>77 thej emigrated to tliis county and now reside on sec. 4; P. <)., New Salenj. Jantes Anderson is their only child. Mrs. S. is anuMiiber of the Christian Church.

Jonath'in Sturkey, fjinnerand stock-dealer, sec. 4. I*. ()., New Salem, and whose i>ortrait ai»j»ears in this volume, was Ixirn in Culjtt'pper county, \ a., in 1813. liis parents were John and Mary ((^rove^) Starki'v, also natives of the Old Don.inion; tlR'\» emigrated to Ohio when our suhject was 7 years of age, where he reumined until he was 23 years of age. when he came to Pike County, locating in New Salem tp., being one of the early pilgrims t«> this h^cnlity, aiui where he has sittce remained. When he first came he had hut $40 in money, hut through the kimlnens of a friend, from whouj he borrowed $.'iO, he was enabled to purchase 50 acres of land, which lie did on sec. 9. Uj>on this land, which was then in its native condition, lie erecte«l a log cabin 14 h\ ir> feet in size, in which he livetl for 5 years. Heing a nuin of great energy, industri<»us, and of economical habit'', he was eiuibled to add to his small means, until he has become one of the most extensive farmers and stock dcjilers iti Pike county, owning at one time over 1,2<M) acres of tine farming land, an<l feedin;; from 100 to 150 head of cattle, and from ijou to 3oO head of hogt« annually, besides a large number of horses and eheep. lie has ]>rovided liberally for his children, giving them nice farms, until now he has only a little over 'JOO acre> left in the home farm, which is on sec. 4, an<l one of the finest farms in the county. .Mr. Starkey has been a hard-working man, and iuis done as much |>erhaps as any one num in developing the wonderful resources of this fair county. Alth»»ugl> a memln-r of no church, he has never lx*en behind any of his most enterprising neighlKirs in favoring any an<l all enterprises which he has lK.'en called upon to help push forward, having jiaid considerable to help erect school-houses and churches, and to pay the mini>try. In fact, Mr. S. is one of Pike county's old, useful and honored citizens, and as such we ]»resent to our readers his portrait.

Mr. Starkey has 1)een twice married, - the first time in Pennsylvania in 1S34, to Jane L. Laughtery, who wa.« Ixirn in the Keystone State in 1*>1.'>. She die«l Sept. 28, 1876. To them were born 9 children, of whom S are living: Charles, liachel, James, Nicholas, William, Mary, Maria and David. John was the name of the deceased. July So. J879, Mr. S. was again married, this time to Sarah, daughter of Thomas J. and Margaret Carotliers.

WiU't(nn Starkey, farmer and stock-raiser, llaylis; wa.s born in tins county in 184»), the 6<:»n of Jonathan and Jane Starkey, spoken of above. In 1873 he married Emeline Seybold, who was born in this county in 1850. Their children are (>live, Cora and Harry. Mr. S. is a ]>rominent farmer, owning 215 acres of nice land. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and liberal in all public enterprises.

New Salem T'

William JjT. Stauf-W was, born in tliirs county, Jan. 23,1847. Ilis parents were Jolm and Sarali Stauffer, tlie lo)Mner a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of Yir<ijinia; his father came to this State in 1S36, and settled in Fairmount tp., where he still resides. Our subject was raised on a farm, and follows that occupation. In 1871 he was married to Rachel E. Wood, who was born in 1851 in this county. They have 2 children, - George E. and Nelia A. Mr. S. owns 80 acres of well-improved land, with good buildings. P. O. Paylis. Residence, ?ec. 8.

Jiev. T. II. Tahor was born in Rutland county, Vermont, in 1824. His parents were Arden and Phceljc Tabor, and moved to xSew York when our subject was 9 years of age. Mr. Tabor studied for the ministry, and by his own effort accomplished his work. In 1843 lie married Eliza Leonard, who was born in 1824 in Hampshire county, Mass., and died in June, 1850, leaving 2 children. In 1856 he married Miss B. A. Morris, who was born in 1831 in Steuben county, JS'. Y. His 2 sons are also ministers, preaching the Universalist doctrine. Mr. Tabor's first work was in South Dansville, New York; thence in Oct., 1854, to Earlville, LaSalie county, this State ; next to Woodstock in 1856, then Briggsville, AVisconsin, in 1857; then went to Markesan, Wisconsin, remaining 6 j'ears; next, in 1864, to Blue Island, and remained there until September, 1867. He there erected a church. In 1867 he went to Macomb and remained until the spring of 1872, then to Kirkwood, till 1874, next to Yates City, then for 2 years divided liis time between Bradford and LaFayette, and occasionally visited New Salem; then in the fall of 1876 went to Bloomfield, Iowa, remaining one year ; then came back to Monmouth and remained until March, 1879, then came to New Salem, where he added 27 members to the society. He lias been an ardent worker in the Master's cause. Residence, New Salem.

Capt. Isaac H. Walling, son of Isaac and Mary H. Walling, natives of New Jersey, was born in 1836 on sea, off Cape Ilatteras, on his father's sliip " Chingaoria;"at the age of 12 years he went to sea as cabin-boy, then as able seaman 2 years, then as mate for 4 or 5 years. In 1855 or 1856 he shipped on schooner "Kenosha" in Buffalo, N. Y., to run from there to Chicago; served 1 year, then went back to New York and shipped on a cruise to Liverpool, Isle of Man, and to Sligo, then back to New York; then shipped on schooner ''T. A. Ward," Capt. Iloff, commander, and went to Cadiz, Malaga, Salona, Genoa, Barbary States, Rio Janeiro, S. A., and back to Jjaltiniore; then shipped on a wreckii.g vessel, where a. fortunate circumstance occurred to our subject, but fatal to a cousin of his named Bainbridge. He exchanged places with him to accommodate him, so that he might go to ])oi't and purchase supplies; while on the way the ship and all its crew were hjst. He_ was first at the wreck of the '* New Era " and " Powhattan," the latter of which, laden with human freight, sunk in sight, and all on board j)erishe«J. At'tiT this Ciipt. W. took many voya<^es; was pliijjwrt'c'kotl several times; was taken j>ris(iiier at Charleston, S. C, l»y a man-of-war, (iwriu;^ the Rehellion when he was at sea. On the ht'hooncr " Harriet llarker," wliioh was i>wned by our subject, he was cast away 35 miles north of Cape Ilatteras, where lio lay three (lays and nijjhts in the water without anythini; to eat or drink, but at lasit landed safely. At ani»ther time he escapeil a watery ^rave by not lakini; a schooner when ;;oir>g to rescue another vessel, as it was taken by another party and was lost with all on board. Then went to launch a brij.^ " Kedstow,'' 50 miles south of Ca]>e Henry. In ls7»; he was ajjain wrecked near Cape Charles, at tlte mouth of Chesajteake Hay. Thi.H was his last trij) at sea. l>v the persiuision (»f his family, antl being tired of sea life, he came West and located at liaylis, where he embarked in the ujercantile trade, in which the wrecks are not so daniferous t«» life.

John W/tite, farmer, sec. IJl; 1*. O. New Salem; was born in Ireland in 1809. His parents, John and Margaret White, were also luitives of Ir»'land. He came to America at the a«;e of 22 and located at riiiladelphia, where he remained years, atKl mo^t of the time followed wcavinj;; then came to Quincy, this State, and followed teaming; came to this county in 18.J9 and located at New Philadelphia, then l>«»ught land where he is at present living. In ls45 he married Margaret White, who was born in Scotland, and they had ot\e child, now deaii. Mrs. W". died in 184«I, and in 1^50 he married Mary K. ('unningham, who was l)orn in 1834 in Ireland, and came to America in 1850. Their children arc: William, Margaret, Anna H.. Mary J., Joseph, Itobert, Ktnmet, Emily ahd Frank. The deceased are Thomas J. aiul ajj itifant. Mr. \V. owns «!40 acres of land at the home place an<l 8" acres in Pleasant \'ale tp., all of wiiich he has accumulated himself. He and his wife arc Presbyterians.

Wdliatn II. Tr/;i/*T/'"^A'///(, phy.-iciaii, wa> burn in Ma^^achu^ettb, in 1847; his parents, Jonathan and Margaret, are natives of England, wht> came to America about the year 1>>42 and located in Bristtd, Rhode Island, then moved to where our subject was born. At the age of 2 years he came with his parents to this county, where he was raised on a farm, antl attended the common schools; at the age of 19 he commenced the study of medicine under Dr. J. Sykes, of Beverly, A<iams county, studied 2 years, then attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, Iowa, graduated Feb. 22, 1^72, and the March following l)egaii his practice in P>aylis. Feb. 24, 187<', he was married to Martha E. Harvey, who was born in June, 1846, and they had 4 children. The Doctor is a Trustee of Schools, a member of the State Medical Association, and of tlie Masonic Order.

This township is situated more nearly in the geographical center of the county than anv other. It is a full Couf'ressional township and is offijially known a^ township 5 south, and r:inge 4 west ot the -ith principal meridian. In an agricultural point the township ranks among the finest in this favored county. It contains a wealthy and intelligent class of agriculturists, who have made the very best of improvements throughout the township.

AVe shall not dwell at length upon the history of the township, as we give an extended sketch of the town of Pittsfield, which largely embraces the history of the township; and we also speak at some length in the personal sketches of the leading farmers of this community.

The pioneer who first located here was Joel Moore, He erected a little cabin on the northeast quarter of sec. 12; then came Ephraim Cannon and Moses Riggs, all of whom became prominent in the early history of the county, and located on sees. 20 and 23 respectively. In 1833 a site was chosen in this township by a special commission of the Legislature for the location of the county seat, principally because of its being more nearly in the center of the county, and a desirable and healthy location. At this place the principal scenes in the history of the township have been enacted, which we will now begin to chronicle.

Although but 47 years have passed since the town of Pittsfield was founded, it is difticult to realize the changes that have been made in its appearance and surroundings since then, or that so much has been accomplished in so brief a period. Where now stand stately public buildings, school-houses and churches, spacious stores and business houses, busy mills and workshops, elegant residences, surrounded with evidences of refinement and culture, tasteful cottages, the homes of a thrifty and contented people, miles of well-graded streets and sidewalks, filled with all the busy life of an energetic and prosperous town, but a little over a generation ago was an unpeopled waste, the beauty of its site unknown save to an occasional hunter or the Indian nomads. Many are still living in the town in the enjoyment of a hale old age, who aided in the foundation of the new town and erected some of its first rude buildiiif^s. Tliey have lived to see the louj cabins replaced by larn;e and sul)stantial l)uildiii<;s of frame or brick, have seen the little town S]>rc'ad out from the nncleus uround ''the Scjiiare," until its well-built streets extend in all directiuns, and the little village has become an imj)ortant business mart, the center of a thickly settled and wealthy community.

Okioin Of Pittsfield

llaviniT decided to locate tlie countv-seat in the center of the county, Geor<^e \\ . llinman, Hawkins Judd and Henjamin I'arney were selected as commissioners, wlio in Man-h, 1S33, laid out the site of the t»twn, purchasiiiir the ([tjarter section of land from the United Slates Government at a co^t of $ii<M). The lirst sale of lots tot)k place May 15, 1S38, 11 lots bein;; dis|»o.^ed of on that day. Several lot$ were reserved for public purp«)ses, and tlie block in the northeast corner of the town, immediately north of the ])resent residence of Jas. 11. Wlieelin^, was set ajiart as a buryinj^-^round, and a number of interments were made therein, until the South Cemetery WHS oj)ened, and later the West and Episcopal Cemeteries, in the western limits of the town, when the old ground was no Ioniser used for its original ]>urpose.

The location of the county-seat, and the natural beauty of the site, gave tiie youn«^ town a good s-tart, and from the first its growth has been steady. It was name<l " I'ittstield,'' after the cfty <»f the same name in Massaehnsetts, whence nniny of its earliest and best citizens had come; and that infusion of New England enterprise, thrift, morals and culture has helped to give t4)ne to its people, and aided in its subse<juent career. I'Vom the earliest days, when no regular system of schools wasyet estaldished, it is an evidence of the public-spirited lilterality of the young men of the town, that they voluntarily contributed for the support of the schools lirst oj>ened for the education t>f the children; and the place has always l>een noted lV)r the fostering care be>towed on this iuiportant branch.

The first school building was of wood, located on tlie west end of the lot now owned by Geo. W. Sanderson. It was a small alTair, and ]>ainted the regulation color, red; and many a man who has since won distinction at the bar. the forum, or in letters, learned the tirst rudiments within its noisy portal. As the town grew, extended accommodations were needed, and several other small schools were started. Later the lower portion of the (^hristian Church was rented for a pui>lic schotd. In 1n61-3 the public spirit found full expression in the erection of the j>resent spacious and beautiful btiilding, one of the largest and best in the Military Tract. Here, with a graded system and a large and ethcient cor]»s of teachers, pupils are instructed in all the ordinary branches, the High School department titting students for college. A large clock with a tine

The town also has a Library and Free Reading Room, orpjanized by the ladies, and heretofore sujiported by the subscriptions (»f the members. There are almut one thousand volumes, many of them of a standanl character, besides a n«imber of papers and ])erio(lical8. At the election last year the citizens votetl to levy a small tax to 8U)tp(»rt the institution, and extend its field of usefulne;

In 1842 the first ne\vspaj>er was started by Michael J. Xoyes, and was calletj Th*' Sucker. This was succeeded by the Free Preen, started by Garbutt A: Abbott. Later it was eiiited l>y John (t. Nicolay, now Marshal of the Unite<l States Supreme Court at Washin^titn, and at one time Private Secretary to President Lincoln, and afterward C'<>!isul at Paris. The Free Pre»8 was followed by Th^ Journal, and it by The i>Ul /'7//j/, which is now ])ubli>hed an<i is in a prosperous condition. These paj>ers were Free-S6il, Whig and Repui)licjin, in mitural succession.

The Stntiixtl was the first Democratic paper, and was started in 1845 by Turnl)ull vV: Smith. It wjis followed by the Union, in I84'.>. anti it by the Pike County Democrat, in |sr»7, which still rtouribhes as the or^n of the Dcniocr^U of the ct»unty. Several other newspaper ventures were made, but they existed onl}' for a brief jieriod. The mail facilities now enable the ])eople to secure promptly the daily papers fmm tlic larj^er cities, ajid >i lar^e num- - l>er are circulated.

Those who now admire the fine condition of the streets of the town, llie easy grades, tiie long reaches of macadamized and graveleil roatis, and the miles of brt)ad sidewalks, can hardly realize the primitive character of the thoMii:-' - , -s that preceded them. The roads and streets were almost iiiij ie in rainy weather, and the best etibrts at sidewalks were eighteen-inch logs split in two and laid side by side, the round side down, and these only in the most favored localities. Elsewhere pe<le6trians did the l>est they could, and on dark nights they had a hard road to travel. During the past two years the corporation has spcjnt about $10,000 in the improvement of the streets alone. And now, witli public lamps in all the streets, over a district alx»ut a mile and a lialf stjuare, travel is safe and comt'ortable.

A description of the Public Square and the short streets immediately around it, in the ejirly days, should prove interesting. Nearly all the old buildings have been pulled down or removea, and the few landmarks that still remain must soon meet the same fate. On the north side of the Square tliere were but four l)uildings. A grocery or .saloon occupied the corner where Shadel's meat market now stands; next west was Tliomas Dickson's small frame store which long occupied the place of the present two-story brick edifice, and is still standing in the rear of its old site; next was the Court-I louse, now Jose})li Heck's store, and next a one-story frame, which was afterward enlarged, and is now occupied by Field's jewelry store. In the lower portion of the lot, where the Pittstield House now stands, was the house of Michael McGuire. The first store on the west side was that of Green & Barber, the building now occupied by Clayton's hardware store; next was the store of Jacob Hodgen, who afterward built the first brick store in town; and next, near the south corner, the harness shop of Hamilton Wills. On the south side was the log store of Jonas Clark, which stood where Seeley, Lloyd ife Co.'s big store now stands; then the store of Talcott & Co., and then the Mansion House, which was then but two stories high and having about half its present frontage. East of this was Mrs. Mary M. Heath's house. (This venerable lady, who is said to have been the first white child born in Cincinnati, O., is still living in the town, and is looked upon and respected as one of the few living links connecting the present with the past generation.) East of Mrs. Heath's was Frank Spencer's blacksmith shop. On the east side of the Square, and occupying the site of Winans & Platner's furniture store, was the residence of Miss Bush, and north of that J. U. Grimshaw's store.

Other Buildings

Scattered at some distance on the streets running from the Square were the dwellings of the citizens, none of them presenting much architectural beautv. The larore two-storv frame residence now occupied by Thos. Burt, was built by Col. Wm. Ross, when he first moved to the town. It was probabl}' at that time the finest private dwelling in all the surrounding country, and its large rooms, wide halls and lofty ceilings were the admiration of all. In 1847 Col. Ross built the large brick residence just east of town, where he resided up to the time of his death, Mr. Oran Green, a hale and active veteran, still lives to boast that he carried all the mortar used in the erection of that fine building.

Near where Hicks' stable now stands was Turnbaugh's Row, a block of four stores, "all on the ground," all occupied by the same firm, and filled with a miscellaneous stock.

The building now occupied as a residence b}^ Dr. Worthington, situated on one of the handsomest sites in the town, and surrounded by beautiful grounds, was intended for a seminary for 3'oung ladies, but for some reason the attempt to establish such an institution here was abandoned.

Where Shihley's cjirriai;e faetory now stands, was erected the tirst cardin^inachine. it was run hy horse |>ower, and was a Kinderons concern, with hroad wooden co«^-wheels and beams. lere a child, who afterw.ird lived to assume a noted manhood, had a miracnlotis escape from a lujrrihle death. While the machinery was nnder full headway, he c!im!>ed upon the horse power, hut slijtped and fell. His head was cauijht hetween oi»e of the l)ri»ad spokes of the wheel and the timher of the frame. It was crushed nearly thit. hut stopj»ed the machine!

The tirst steam tlourin;;-mill, now. known as the " Old Mill," was huilt hy Jonathan Frye and Stephen (lay in 1S41>, and for 3*ears was the lar^e.-t in this section. The new mill was huilt in 1S70 hy Shaw, I{u|a'rt, .Vdams A: Clnipman, and is a tine lar^e hrick huildin;j, tilled with the hest machinery. Both mills are doin^ a heavy husiness, and Pittstield brands of tlour (command a hi;;h priec in the markets of New York and Boston.

The oldest building in the t«^»wn was erected by William Wats(»n. It 16 a small loj; store, and is now standing in the l(»t in the rear of the Mansion House. Mr. Watson was soon tV»llowe«l by Messrs. R. R. (ireene and Austin Barber, who built and occupied the store owned by W. H. Clayton.

Mr. .lohn U. Gritnshaw had the tirst re;;ular dry-^j^oods store in town, near where L. Klemme's building now stands, but also carried a stock of miscellaneous gofKJs. He was an Irishman by birth. Well educated, and with a high sense of business inttL'ritv. He has been dead for some years.

The name of Cu\. William Ross is intimately associated with the early history of Pittstield, and with its advancement and i»rosperity, up to the time of his death. He was its most pntminent citizen, and aided nearly every enterprise. He was born in .Massachusetts in 1792, emigrated to this county in 1.^20, subsc(iucntly removiui; to the new town of Pittstield. A i;(»od sketch of his life is given in the biographical department of the history of this township.

Cv\. D. B. Bush, also a native of Massachusetts, born in 1790, settled in Pittstield a year after the town was laid out, and has been a prominent and active citizen ever since. He practiced at the Bar. and has held several ofHces. He is still remarkably healthy for

Hon. AVilliam R. Archer, the veteran member of the Bar, is still in active practice. lie was born in New York in 1817, and emigrated to Pittsfield in IS^'S. He lias rejieatedly represented this district in the State Senate, and is known and honored tliroughout the State. He has a numerous familv of sons and dauirhters, and the whole community call him friend.

Mr. Samuel Crane, who conducted the Union House for many years, is another surviving veteran, who can be seen any morning in the week, basket on arm, doing his own marketing. He has a neat place in the west part of town, and is a noted gardener.

Mr. Frank Keys, another of the early settlers, is about to remove to Logan county. He first engaged in store-keeping in Pittsfield, but later devoted his attention to farming and stockraising, amassing a large property. He is of Scotch-Irish birth, and has all the energy and perseverance of that canny race.

Squire Hickerson, who lives some distance east of town, was probably the first settler in that vicinity. He is still a very active man, and is now serving as Collector of Newburg township. He has a remarkable memory, and is a veritable chronicle of the early history of the town and county.

James Ross is probably the oldest living resident of the town. He is a native of Ireland, and settled at Atlas in 1826. When Pittsfield was located he moved here, where he has since resided.

Thomas Dickson, who is a native of the island of Orkney, removed from New York to Pittsfield in 1839. He acted as clerk in William Watson's store for some years, and then engaged in business for himself. He is still an active business man, and gives promise to continue so for many 3'ears.

Capt. W. N. Shibley, another Mexican veteran, who is still carrying on his old business of carriage-making, was among the earlj' settlers; and although he has had a career of considerable adventure, is as active as he was 30 years ago. He served through the ^[exican war, and later spent many years fighting Indians on the Texas plains. He still has in his possession some of the scalps taken in his adventurous days, hideous trophies of border warfare.

Hon. Henry Mudd, now a prominent citizen of Missouri, was among the earliest merchants of Pittsfield, where he conducted a successful business for many years.

H. Atkinson, now the respected Vice President of the Pike County Bank, was an early comer. He came from Philadelphia and opened a tailor shop near the southwest corner of the S(|uare. Afterward he engaged in the drug business, and later had a furniture and hardware store.

Col. D. D. Hicks, the veteran Cashier of the First National Bank, has long been a resident of the town, and has been a successful business man and popular public officer, ,

Amon^ the local celel)ritie8 whose subsequent career has been a subject of pride with this iK'ople, is Col. John Hay, now Assistant Stcrt'tary of State at n a^hington. IK- .'-pent his boyhood here, with his uncle, Hon. Milton Hay, now of Sprin^tield. His " Pike County IJallads" have a«sociate<l his name with his old home, although he e.vercised more than a poet's license in some of the pictures he drew. The hero of " Ihinfy Tim," the most forcil)le of the iiallads, is still a resident of this town, but his name is it<>t Tilman .loy.

l*>ut pr«»bably the Iwst known load character is Capt. Abe Hutz, proprietor of the Orcj^on Hou.se. A luitive of Pennsylvania, lie came West in earlv maidiood, and has p)ne tiirough a Ion;; lite with philosophical cheerfulness. Noted f«»r his patrit)tism, he observes witli religious regularity all the Natitmal holidays, anniversaries of battles, etc., and is an e8|K?cial admirer of Gen. Jackst)n, for whom he playini; and also assisted at the reception i»f (.ten. Latayelte at Philadelphia on his last visit to this country. Mr. \U\\7. is also note«l for his kindliness of heart, the poor always tin<li!ig in him a cliaritnble friemi.

Mr. .Metcnlf opened the tirst tin shop in the town, and for a long time had a monop.dy of that trade. L. liennett had one of the first shoe shops, aiid Samuel Barl>er a tailor shop.

Rol»ert R. Greene and Austin Barber came from Marietta, Ohio, and settled in Pitt.xfield when it was laid out. They were connected in business for many years, the store of (ireene cV liarber being kiK»wn throughout the whole tract. Roth partners still survive. Mr. Greene has been an invalid for some years, but Mr. Barber is as vigorous an<l active as many younger men.

Brick Kiln, Ktc

In 18^3 the tirst kiln of brick was burned, by a man named Butler, his yard being located west of the fair grounds. Later a brick vard was started on North Monroe street, where the Haskell propertv now stands. Since then the business has grown steadily, until this day. when brick, tile, pottery, etc., form an important item in the industries of the town.

The location of the Conrt-IIouse here, with the consequent influx of stranorers durinij term time, made hotels a necessity at an early day. The Union House, kept by Samuel Crane, and the Mansion House, met the demand at first. Then the Kentucky House, now known as the ^[ansion House, was built. Hi 1S70 the spacious and handsome Pittsfield House was built by a stock company. The three last named houses are still open. These, with Shibley's establishment and the Oreii^on House, amply su])ply the town with hotel accommodations. The Union House was a frame building on the north side of the Square. The lower portion of the building is now occupied by the stores of M. R. Peckenpaugh and Dober & Blades.

Mail Facilities

The first postoffice was in a small log building which stood opposite the Episcopal Church, and was kept by Merrill E. Rattan. jMails arrived and departed only once a week, by horseback; and although communication with the outside world was limited, it was ample enough to meet the wants of the people. About 1845 a tri-weekly stage was run to Jacksonville by Hill & Watson, carrying the mails, and later, tri-weekly mails were extended to Winchester, Beardstown and Quincy, J. Shastid and Jesse French being the contractors. They were afterward bought out by Thomas Burt, who continued the lines for some time. In July, 1S53, the first daily mail was established between Naples and Hannibal, via Pittsfield, Uncle Davie Stanton and S. P. Duftield being the contractors. Subsequently connection was made with the young and growing towns throughout the county, until now Pittsfield is in direct communication by mail and telegraph with all the outside world.

Shipping

When the old Jacksonville & Naples Railroad was extended to Hannibal, and as tlie new line was located some six miles north of Pittsfield, it was feared it would retard the growth of the town. To prevent this possible result, in 1870 a branch line was built from Pittsfield to Maysville, connecting with tlie Hannibal & Naples line, and is now familiarly called the ''Bob-Tail." The road is operated by the Wabash Railroad Company, and it is an evidence of the prosperous trade and importance of Pittsfield, that the Company's returns show the ''Bob-Tail" to be one of the best paying sections operated by that important corporation.

For years after the settlement of the town, Florence, on the Illinois river, some twelve miles east, was the regular shipping ]ioint for Pittsfield, nearly all the goods being received and shipped by wagon to the steamboat's landing at that town. In 1851 a private corporation constructed a plank road, connecting Pittsfield and

Florence. It was kept in ^ooil repair tor Boine years, and proved a great convenience, but the extension of lines in other directions diverted a portion of the tratlic, and it wiis afterward thrown <»j)en to the jdihlic. In the early days, the settlers had not learned the economy uf a division of Itusiness, or lacked the means and facilities. Then nearly every man who raised stock did his own slaughtering, the product being sold t«» storekeepers, who shipped it to St. Louis. Lariro <|uantitie6 of grain ami live stock were als(» shipped in the same way, and in a few years this trade became st> imjtorlaiit that a large amount of capital was invested in the business, tmd the warehouses of I'ittstield and Klorence were filled with the j)roduct6 of the surrounding country. Nuw the facilities of transportation bv rail and river have ;'iven adiHerent feature t<» the trade. .Much of the wheat finds its way to the far Kastern markets in the form of fljur, while the shipment of grain, live stock and j)rovisions is managed as separate lines of business.

I'Rotkctio.N Against Kirks

Although the town has never hat! a regularly organized fire com pany, an engine oraj»paratus, it has been remarkably exempt from destructive fires. Hut few buildings have been destroyed by lire, and in each instance the citizens turne<l out and worketl with such determination that the fire was subdued lieforc extending Ixiyond the building where it uriginate«i. Althotigh the town has JKien so fortunate heretofore, the danger of tires is a subject of sidicitudo among thoughtful citizens, and it is |>robablu that a C4>mpany will be organized an<l pro|>erly e«juip|HHl, in anticipation of future contingencies.

For years there has been a strotjg temperance sentiment in this community, ami the friends of the cause have repeatedly succeeded in electing an anti-license lioard of Town Trustees. At the last two elections, however, they were deteate<l by a small majority, and four saloons have been licensed at a tax of $1,500 each per annum. During the teu^KTance crusade some years ago, the ladies succeetled in arousing jtublic sentiment, and licen.se |wa8 al)olished. Later, when the Murphy revival was inaugurated, it met with remarkable success here, several humlred persons having enrolled themselves in the blue ribbon organization. Within the past few months the temperance people have organized a new society, and already accomplished much good. The present movement is more quiet in its character than the crusade or Murphy revival, but it one, the Pittsfield Guards, and the other, the Pike County Guards. After a few months the Adjutant General ordered the consolidation of the two companies, whicli was done, the organization taking the name of the Tittslield Guards. The officers are J. AV. Johnson, Captain; AV". Steinhauer, 1st Lieut.; and Geo. Barber, 2d Lieut. The company is uniformed and well armed, having a well appointed armory in Dickson's Hall.

A notable day in the military annals of the town, and one long to be remembered, was the Annual Eeunion of Army Veterans held here in August, 1878. Preparations for the event had been in progress for many days, all classes of citizens vieing with each other in efforts to make the celebration worthy of the occasion and of the town, and the result more than realized their highest expectations.

Daybreak of the eventful day was ushered in with a grand salute, and at an early hour the streets were thronged with an eager multitude, gathered from all the surrounding country. The buildings around the Public Square and on the principal streets were decorated with flags and patriotic emblems, while the Square itself presented a novel and most attractive appearance. On either corner decorated platforms were erected, on which were living groups of young girls and boys representing Liberty, the Army, the Navy, Justice, Industry, Commerce, Agriculture, etc., each tigure in appropriate costume, and surrounded by implements and emblems illustrating the tableaux. Near the southwest corner of the Square a large platform was also erected for speakers and distinguished guests, and literally covered with flags, evergreens, wreaths, flowers, pictures and statuary. But the most attractive quarter was the north and east sides of the Square, wliere were spread long lines of tables loaded with all the substantial and luxuries a bountiful land afforded, while snowy covers, and glittering silver, china and glass, and a profusion of bouquets, festoons of flowers, etc., beautified the scene. These tables were in charge of the ladies, and as each tried to excel her neighbor in the luxury and elegance of her table, the result was such a banquet as was probably rever before spread on a similar occasion.

The Pittsfield Guards and the Pike County Guards, the two local companies, were under arms at an early hour, and acted as escort to the veterans and their families arriving from abroad. At 10 o'clock the train from Springfield arrived, bringing Governor Cullom, Gen. Reese, ex-Governor Palmer and other distinguished visitors, with the Governor's Guard of Springfield as honorary escort, the "Winchester Guards, and along line of veterans in detached squads from Griggsville, Barry and other ]>oint6. A procession was then formed, and after parading through the ])rinci)ial streets, mustered in the Square in front of the grand stand, where they were welcomed in an eloquent address by Rev. II. D. Clark, Pastor of the Christian Church, and himself a gallant soldier. Governor Cullom responded in an appropriate speech, paying a fitting tribute to the patriotism and i^uUiiiitry of the citizen soldiery. On the phitt'urm were a miinber of distiii^nlslied veterans of the Rebellion and the Mexican war. and a small j^ronp of honored heroes of the war of 1SI2. After api»ropriate mus'c l>y the ;;lee clubs and the b:inds, an adjournment was had for dinner. The immense crowd were billeted at the several tables, and were entertained with profusion, all bein;; satistied, - men, women and children, - and enouf^h left over to feed a bri;;ade. After <l inner there was a general interehan^^e «»f ^reetinj^s amoiij^ old jirnjy comrades, and man}' an experience of the march, the battle-Held and tlie bivouac renewi'<l and recounted. Speakini; was then resumed, when Col. A. C Matthews intrtMiiico<l (tt'ii. I'alnu-r in a neat addn's». The latter was greeted with cheer.s and spoke for over an hour, ^ivin^ many amusin;^ anecdotes of army life, all of which were thoroughly enjoyed by the "boys." Short addresses were made by other speakers, toUowt-d by a p:ira<lr aiul <lrill by the (iovernitr's Guard, untler c*»mmand of Maj. K. S. .lohnson. The remaiiulur of the day was taktMi up in a general jolIitic;itiot), in imitation of camp life, and other amusements. As the evening shadows fell, the stningers from abroa«l departed amid the chet-rs of the pet»ple; the citizens returned to their homes, and so ended one of the mo.^l memorable days in the historv of rittstield.

The first public hall was in the Mansion House block. Before its erection tlte fun-loving ftdk held their dances and hocial g)itherings in the Court-llouse, and the lialls sup{K>sed to l>c sacred to the disciples of lilackstonc echoed to the sounds of merry-making, while an occasional Church fair threw the mantle of charity over all. The whole communitv was noted for its sociability, and pleasant gjitherings were of lre<iuent occurrence. The young men were also famous for their skill in athletic s{>orts, foot-racing esj>ecially l)ei!>g very popular, and many a youth who luis since grown old and st«id, has com|K.'ted in contests of speed, on the " track," along the south side yy'i the S^juare. The prizes usually awardetl would not be sanctioned by the friends of temperance, llorse-nicing also was very jxipular, and is still a favorite pastime with many.

In l!S45 a number Kii the young men orijanized a full brass band, and thereafter furnisheil the music on the Fourth-of-July and other public occasions. Debating and literary clubs were also formed, and a taste for literature of a hiirli order was developed and fostered.

In the summer of 1*^40 an event occurred which marked a new epoch in the annals of the young town. This was the arrival of Van Amburgh's circus and menagerie. It was the first regular ** show" that hat! penetrated so far among the outlying settlements, and its advent was hailed with wonder and delight by young and old. the people Hocking in from all the surrounding c<juntrv to see it. Many a veteran who has lived to see scores of such exhibitions

Still remembers with pleasure that first iiitroduction to the deliorhts and glories of the saw-dust riii<^. Tliis was soon followed by others, and shortly afterward rei^ular dramatic companies visited the town, and were well received. Now there is no dearth of public entertainments, a good company rarely failing to draw well.