St. Clair County, Illinois - Chapter 14: Patriotism of St. Clair County, 1881 (part 1 of 2)

Chapter 14: Patriotism of St. Clair County

T the time of the earliest settlements in this connly to the conclusion of the treaty of Paris, February 10th, 1763, the allegiance of her inhabitants was due to France. Catholic missionaries, determined on the regeneration of the Indian .tribes, armed with the gospel of peace, yet fearful of inability to conquer that peace, planted the French standard above thtir rudely constructed forts. Their devotion was first to the cause of God, and second to that of France. By that treaty their allegiance was transferred to the British crown in terms as follows :

" In order to establish peace on solid and durable foundations, and to remove forever all subjects of dispute with regard to the limits of the British and French territories on the continent of America, it is agreed that for the future the confines between the dominions of his Britannic Majesty and those of his most excellent Christian Majesty in that part of the world, shall be fixed irrevocably by a line drawn along the middle of the river Mississippi, from its source to the river Iberville, and from thence by a line drawn along the middle of this river and the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain, to the sea ; and for this purpose, the most Christian king cedes, in full right, and guarantees to his Britannic Majesty the river and port of the Mobile, and everything which he possesses or ought to possess on the left side of the river Mississippi, with the exception of the town of New Orleans, and of the island on which it is situated, which shall remain to France ; it being well understood that the navigation of the river Mississippi shall be equally free, as well to the subjects of Great Britain as to those of France, in its whole breadth and length from its source to the sea ; and, expressly, that part which is between the said island of New Orleans and the right bank of that river, as well as the passage both in and out of its mouth. It is further stipulated that the vessels belonging to the subjects of either nations shall not be stopped, visited or subjected to the payment of any duty whatsoever."

Such transfer was but in words. Those who had gathered around the missionary outposts were a law unto themselves. They cared little whether England or France maintained supremacy over them. France lost not her hold upon their affections, nor did England secure their confidence. English subjects who visited Kaskaskia and Cahokia only served the purpose of instilling into their minds a dread of the " Long Knives," as the Virginians were called, pronouncing them the most cruel, fierce and blood-thirsty savages that ever raised a tomahawk. Advantage was taken of this fact by Clark when he made his conquest. Inasmuch as thi^ conquest was practically terminated at Cahokia, a brief review will not be amiss. Clark never betrayed fear in the presence of Indians ; never bribed them into compliance with his wishes by loading them with presents ; never made advances when seeking for relations of peace. At Cahokia, when Indian warriors had thrown away the bloody wampum sent them by the British, he coldly told them he would answer them the next day, and cautioned them against shaking hands with the .Long Knives, as peace was not yet concluded, saying it was time enough to extend hands when hearts went with them. The next day the Indians gathered to hear the answer of Big Knife, which was made by Col. Clark, as follows : " Men and warriors : pay attention to my words. You informed me yesterday that the Great Spirit had brought us toge'her, and that you hoped that as He was good, it would be for good. I have also the same hope, and expect that each party will strictly adhere to whatever may be agreed upon, whether it shall be peace or war, and henceforth prove ourselves worthy the attention of the Great Spirit. I am a man and a warrior, not a counsellor. I carry war in my right-hand, and in my left peace. I am sent by the great council of the Big Knife and their friends, to take possession of all the towns possessed by the English in this country, and to watch the motions of the red people ; to bloody the paths of those who attempt to stop the course of the river ; but to clear the roads for us to those that desire to be in peace; that the women and children may walk in them without meeting anything to strike their feet against. I am ordered to call upon the Great Fire for warriors enough to darken the land, and that the red people may hear no sound but of birds who live on blood. I know there is a mist before your eyes; I will dispel the clouds that you may clearly see the causes of the war between the Big Knife and the English ; then you may judge for yourselves which party is in the right ; and if you are warriors, as you profess yourselves to be, prove it by adhering faithfully to the party which you shall believe to be entitled to your friendship, and not show yourselves to be squaws."

He then proceeded by vivid imagery to describe the cause of the war, and added: "The English were driven from one place to another until they got weak, and then they hired you red people to fight for them. The Great Spirit got angry at this, and caused your old Father, the French king, and other great nations, to join the Big Knife, and fight with them against all their enemies. So the English have become like a deer in the woods; and you may see that it is the Great Spirit that has caused your waters to be troubled, because you have fought for the people He was mad with. If your women and children should now cry, you must blame yourselves for it, and not the Big Knife. You can now judge who is in the right. I have already told you who I am ; here is a bloody belty and a white one ; take which you please. Behave like men, and don't let your being surrounded by the Big Knife cause you to take up the one belt with your hands, while your hearts take up the othei'. If you ta'<e the bloody path, you shall leave the town in safety, and may go and join your friends, the English ; we will then try who can longest keep our clothes stained with blood. If, on the other hand, you should take the path of peace, and be received as brothers to the Big Knife, with their friends the French, should you then listen to bad birds that may be flying through the land, you will no longer deserve to be counted as men, but as creatures with two tongues, that ought to be destroyed, without listening to anything you might say. As I am convinced you never heard the truth before, I do not wish you to answer before you have taken time to counsel. We will, therefore, part this evening, and when the Great Spirit shall bring us together again, let us speak and think like men with one heart and tongue."

The effect of this address was all that the patriotic Clark and his followers could have desired. The neatness with which he coupled the French and Big Knives was admirable, and had great weight with the Indians, who held the old missionaries in reverence. From this hour a patriotism iu behalf of the cause of American Independence was awakened that has ever been maintained. To General George Rogers Clark, more than to any other one man, is the Mississippi valley indebted for its English speaking pioneers,' many of whom were of Clark's immediate command. To this 'conquest, too, are the United States indebted_ for the

Tiue, earlier than tliis, (in 1777) void had reached Cahokia of the progress of theEevolution. They had learned of colonial resistance to English tjranny, and right willingly did they volunteer a helping hand \Ahen Thomas Brady proposed raising a company. Sixteen of their number from Cahokia and Prairie du Pont enlisted, and under Brady's leadership, marched northward across the vast unoccupi&d prairies to St. Joseph's, a British post on the southern extremity of Lake Michigan. They left their homes October 1st and reached St. Joseph's nearly two months later ; captured the garrison, taking twenty-one prisoners, without the loss of a man. The enemy had but one death, that of a negro who had run away from bondage and had taken sides with theBritish and their allies, the Indians. The victorious party, with their trophies of succes.«, started for Cahokia, but their expedition proved ill-starred. At Calumet, a few miles south-east of Chicago, they were overtaken by their foes. In the fight which ensued, two of theit number were killed, two were wounded, and one only made his escape ; the rest made prisoners. Brady and Boismenu, taken as prisoners, made their escape the following year, and returned by a circuitous route to Cahokia, to find General Clark in command.

Whilst at Cahokia Clark had negotiations to make with various tribes; concessioi s he made to none; treachery was promptly rebuked. In one instance, some Indians were prevailed upon to rebel against his authority- They were promptly made prisoneis, put in irons, and alter they had been sufficiently impressed with the futility of their project, he ordered their irons to be stjuek etf, and in his quiet way, iull of t corn, he said: " Ever} body thinks you ought to die for your treachery upon my life amidst the sacred deliberations of a council. I had determined to inflict death upon you for your base attempt, and }cu yourselves must be sensible that ycu have justly forfeited ycur lives-; but on cersiderirg the meanness of watching a bear and ealching him asleep, I have found out that you are not warriors, only old women, and too mean to be killed by the Big Knife. As you ought to be punished for putting on breecli-clothes, like men, they shall be taken away from you ; plenty of provisions shall be given you for your journey home, as women don t know how to hunt, and during your stay you shall be treated in every respect as fquaws." The Indians had not looked for contempt, but fe r punishment ; to lose a warrior's footing was to them the deepest possible disgrace. They tried every means to restore themselves in the favor of their captors, and when Clark found them truly penitent and recon.<tructed, he exhibited the same generosity towards them ever characteristic of him.

With Clark, at Cahokia, were several who had followed his leadership from Virginia, who determined on making Illinois their home. Among them were James B. Moore and George Lunceford, (many of whose descendants yet live in St. Clair,) Robert Kidd

* We siiLjoin a list of the names of the soleliers who serveel in tlie war of the Kevolulion, aneJ enHed their days in St. Clair county, and who, under an act of Congress passed March 18, 1818, were granted a pension : - and Larken Rutherford. Among those added to his command at Cahokia were Maje)r Bowman, Brady Boismenu and Paulette Maiz°. Of these Paulette Maize distinguished himself, in the spring of 1778, by raising a company of volunteers, largely from Cahokia, Prairie du Pont, with some from St. Louis, making a hurried march to the scene of the disaster whereby twelve of their neighbors had been made prisoners of war a few months before, and re-taking the fort. They returned brijpging with them the spoils of war. The expedition was a daring one ; its brilliancy was eom> mensurate with its daring.

Militia Service, 1790

Roll of the company of Militia of the Prairie Du Pont, in the county of St. Clair, August 1st, 1790: Philip Engel, Captain. Jean B. Allary, Lieutenant. Charles Germain, Ensign.

During the years when the services of these militia men were called into action, stirring scenes of patriotism in defence of homes were enacted, both within and without the limits of this county by its soldiery, whether regularly enrolled or not. Almost every man was called upon by motives of vengeance to abandon peaceful pursuits and raise patriot arras in defen'ce of loved homes. The blood of victims massacred called aloud for redress ; property stolen, particularly hor.^es, nerved to exhibitions of valor. The Ogles, Benjamin and Jo.seph, sen., James Lemen, John Porter, D. Draper, in company with Capt N. Hull, J. Ryan, and William Bryson, of other counties, avenged the theft of horses in 1791, and the attack upon John Dempsey, who luckily fled before savage deviltry, by chasing a company of twice their number of Indians, with whom they kept up a severe running fight for several hours, killing five of their number, without the loss of a single one of their own band. The Indians evidently over-rated the number of their pursuers, and sought safety in flight, rather than trust to their arms For a full year or more, the Indians were cowed by this defeat of their plans, as during that time no one was molested It was during this time that the Whitesides came to St. Clair County, since embraced in Monroe county, from Kentucky, together with other accessions to the pioneer population.

In 1793, near the present site of Belleville, was enacted a scene which for daring bravery and astonishing results, is rarely equalled. A party of Kickapoos, under the leadership of Old Pecan, had stolen nine horses from citizens of the American bottom, which they had taken as far as Belleville on their trail to Shoal creek, when they were overtaken by eight as brave men as ever pursued a redskin. Small as was the pursuing party, they divided their number and attacked the Indians in their camp from two sides. The signal for attack was a shot from the gun of William Whiteside. Surprised at its suddenness, ignorant of the numbers of their pursuers, the Indians took to flight, leaving a son of the chief upon the camp ground dead; also their arms. The old chief approached. the whites and begged for quarter. When he discovered but eight men in their party, namely, William Whiteside, Samuel Judy, John Whiteside, Uel Whiteside, William Harrington, John Dempsey, William L. Whiteside, and John Porter, he called aloud to his numerous followers to return and regain their lost ground, at the same lime seizing his gun which he had surrendered to Capt. Whiteside, determined to wrest it from him ; but he was not a match m strength for the captain, who compelled him to retire with his fleeing band. This little band were now in the heart of the Indian country. Three of the stolen horses were in their possession, a humiliated chief, unarmed, was following up his flying command, eager to»turn the tide of success. They quickly turned towards Whiteside's station, which they reached without delay. The Kickapoos, chagrined at their discomfiture, followed it up by many predatory excursions into the settlements of the whites, and in 1794, in retaliation for the death of the son of the chief, killed Thomas Whiteside, by shooting him, and a son of William Whiteside, by tomahawk. Numerous other parties were killed by them to the south of the station, near the boundary line of Monroe and St Clair. Among these the murder of the wife and lour children of McMahon, and capture of self and daughter, was the most cruel exhibition of their savage warfare. McMahon made good his escape the second night after his capture, and returned home to find five fresh made mounds, side by side, underneath which his wife and children had been by kind neighbors buried. The sight moved him greatly, but with Christian fortitude he exclaimed, "they were lovely and pleasant in life, and they are not divided in death." The daughter who was taken prisoner, was ransomed by united efibrts of friends, and lived for many years in what is now O'Fallon precinct.

Not long after this tragedy, the Whitesides and others made an attack upon the Indians at the foot of the Bluffs, west of Belleville, But one Indian escaped to tell the story of their utter route. Two of the Whitesides were wounded in this fight; but fought with that desperation ever characteristic of them ; the father leading the charge whilst the blood was gushing from his wounds, shouting, " Come on boys, I can fight them yet."

In 1788 the Kickapoo Indians attacked the settlements in earnest. Pioneers were compelled to carry their rifles with them to their fields, and often had to keep guard at night. It was in the spring of this year that William Biggs was taken prisoner, and John Vallis killed while on their way from BelJefonte to Cahokia. Biggs' treatment at the hands of the Indians was remarkable. They proposed hij adoption into their tribe and giving him the daughter of a brave for a wife. He rejected all offers and was finally ransomed.

War Of 1812

WAR OF 1812. On the 28th of June, 1809, Nicholas Jarrot, of Cahokia, a French patriot, wedded to the American cause, made oath that the British Agents and traders at Prairie du Chien were in.-tigating the Indians to deeds of violence; furnishing them with arms and ammunition, and otherwise preparing them for warfare along the borders of Western civilization. Almost simultaneously word catae of hostile demonstrations along the Wabash. Murders were here and there Committed ; treaties were set at nought; the storm of war was brewing. In the month of April, 1812, Gomo, an Indian chief, heading a deputation made up of representatives from various tribes, met Gov. Edwards, at Cahokia, to negotiate a treaty. The Governor addressed them in a forcible speech. He told them he understood the hostility of the Indians ; laid the blame at the fountain head - with the traders at British outposts ; warned them against their councils ; claimed that Americans only desired peace; told them plainly that the only basis for a treaty would be the delivery of murderers within their ranks (some present had participated in the Chicago massacre) for punishment. The Indians in turn professed sorrow for wrongs done ; declared their inability to deliver up the murderers ; laid the blame upon one of the tribes (the Wiunebagoes) and promised good behaviour. Despite their earnest protestations, and expressed desire for peace, the Indians continued in their depredations. The rangers, for that was the name by which the patriots were known, gathered their families into block-houses for protection, whilst they attempted to raise a little corn for their subsistence with their guns hanging at their sides whilst plowing, ready to protect themselves against attack. In this county block-houses were occupied at present site of Alma, one near Lebanon, one south from New

Athens, and one in what is now Mascoutah precinct. These were a part of the frontier line of forts extending from a point opposite the mouth of the Missouri, a distance of sixty miles, to the Kaskaskia, east of the New design, in all twenty-two forts. Spies were instructed to pass daily between these forts, so as to keep up a constant line of communication throughout their length. In all, four companies were organized for the defence of Illinois, with William B. Whiteside, James B. Moore, Jacob Short and Samuel Whiteside as captains. These companies did most efficient service, nerved as they were to deeds of daring, by seeing homes destroyed, and many of their number killed by blood-thirsty savages. Npt alone did St. Clair county furnish many rangers far the defence of their homes, but contributed soldiers who fought at New Orleans and elsewhere. They recognized the British as the cause of all their troubles, and their patriotic ardor led them to strike at the root, and thus remove the cause. Among those from this county as participants in the war of 1812, were John Brigham, David McKinney, Isaac Griifen, Elijah Hook, B. Bennett, Samuel ^ard, William Phillips, Daniel Phillips, Jeremiah Phillips, John Stout, Eobert Davis, James C. Davis, John Wood, Moses Stout, Samuel Shook, Jacob Carr, John Scott, Alexander Scott, Eobert W. Hughes, Ed-* mund Randle (who had his chin shot off at New Orleans), William Randle, Thomas Shelton, Josiah Shelton, David Everett, John

Nathaniel Hill, Moses Short, William McNail, Ira Manville, Joseph Scott, Peter Wright, William Moore, John Journey, Maxey Nichols, William Lemen, Aaron Shuuk, John Mace, Abram Clark, David Hill, James Lively, Benjamin Allen, Thomas Brewer, James Lord, David Phillips, Michael Phelps, James W. Davidson, Geo. W. Moore, Stephen Whiteside, John Rutherford, Jacob Short, Christopher Stout, Jacob Stout, William Wright, Bennett Million, William Whiteside, Nicholas Jarrot, Dr. W. H Bradsby, James Bradsby, Samuel B. Davidson, Joseph Conway, Thomas Higgins, and others. Of these patriots, who were the advance guard upon the borders of western civilization, only two are believed to be living to-day: Ira Manville, old in years, still strong in mind, ever patriotic in sentiment, and David Hill.

In December, 1814, whilst the command of Captain James B, Moore, about fifty rangers in all, were engaged in guarding a drove of cattle at a grove near Sugar Creek, on the trail leading from Camp Russell" to Peoria, Indians were espied by some of the men, who singled out one of their number, and gave chase. William Hewit, having the fleetest horse, was the first to overtake the Indian, who at once surrendered himself and gun. At this junc ture, John Moredock, who had sworn that he would kill every Indian that ever crossed his path, because of the murder of his father's entire family, save himself, raised his gun' to fire Hewit loudly remonstrated. The Indian wrenched the gun he had just surrendered out of Hewit's grasp, and at the very moment that a ball from Moredock's unerring rifle went crashing through his breast, he fired upon and killed Hewit.

The parties prominent in this adventure were residents of that part of St. Clair county which was subsequently organized as Monroe. Captain Moore was a most gallant and faithful officer; fearless in the discharge of all duties imposed, and of that class of true patriots honored of all men. The death of Hewit was the last that can properly be classed as among those of the war of 1812.

Black Hawk Wae

Before entering much into detail of that war, its causes and results, we give to our readers a brief sketch of Black-Hawk, the celebrated warrior, who figured so conspicuously in those campaigns. Maeuta Mahicatah is the Indian name for Black-Hawk. He was born in the Sauk village in the year 1767, and was an Indian of considerable talent and sagacity, shrewd and eloquent in council ; he, however, deported himself in that demure, grave, and formal manner incident to almost all .Indians It is said he possessed a mind of more than ordinary strength, but slow and plodding in its operations. In comparison he could not be classed with the great Indian characters, such as Philip, Brant, Logan, Tecumseh, and such illustrious men. By the portraits of him now extant, the reader of character will readily ob-^erve in his large, high forehead and the lines worn by care in his face, massive jaws and compressed lips, a character indicative of more than ordinary ability. His ambition was to distinguish himself as a great wariior: yet he was merciful to the weak, the women and children. The only road for an Indian to distinguish himself and bacome a great man, is in war. So soon as he kills an enemy he may paint on his blanket a bloody hand, which will entitle him to a seat in the councils. In 1810 and 1811 Black-Hawk and comrades were " nur.'ing their wrath to keep it warm," against the whites. A party of Sacs, by invitation, went to see the prophet at Tippecanoe. They re'urned more angry against the Americans. A party of Winnebagoes had massacred some whites, which excited for murder the Sac band headed by Black-Hawk. A part of his band and some Winnebagoes attacked Fort Madison in 1811, but were repulsed. Black- Hawk headed the Sacs, in this attack.

In 1812 emissaries from the British arrived at Rock Island with goods, and secured Black-Hawk with five hundred warriors to go with Col. Dixon to Canada. When they reached Green Bay there were assembled there bands of the Ottawas, P.jttawatomi_'S, Winnebagoes, and Kickapoos, under the command of Col. Dixon. Black- Hawk and band participated in the battles of River Raisin, the Lower Sandusky, and other places, but getting dissatisfied with the hard fighting and small amount of spoils, he, and twenty comrades, left for the Sauk village at Rock Island, where he remained for many years at peace, with the exception of a small battle on the Quiver river settlement in Missouri, in the pre-ent limits of St. Charles county, where one white man and an Indian were killed.

The principal cause of the Indian troubles in 1831-32, better known as the Black-Hawk war, was the determination of Black- Hawk and his band to remain in their ancient village, located on Rock river, nor far from its junction with the Mississippi. The government having some tira3 previously, by various treaties, purchased the village and the whole country from the Sac and Fox tribe of Indians, had some of these lands surveyed, aLd in 1828 S')me of the lands in and around the ancient village were S')ld ; the collision between the two races for the possession of the property produced the first disturbance between the Indians and the government. Seeing that war was inevitable the Governor of Illinois made a call on the militia of the state for seven hundred men on the 26th of May, 1831, and appointed Beardstown, on the Illinois river, as the placa of rendezvous. The call was responded to with that promptness characteristic of the early pioneers of this state. Their habits of life were such that all were familiar with the rifle. After marching eight days, the mounted militia reached a point a few miles below the Sac village on the Mississippi, where they joined the United States forces under Gen. Gaines, and emcamped in the evening. The next morning the forces marched up to the Indian town prepared to give the enemy battle ; but in the night the Indians had escaped and crossed the Mississippi. This ended Black Hawk's bravado, and his determination to die in his ancient village. The number of warriors under his command was estimated at from four to six hundred men. Black Hawk and his band landed on the west side of the Mississippi, a few miles below Rock Island, and there camped. "Gen. Gaines sent a peremptory order to him and his warriors that if he and his head men did not come to Rock Island and make a treaty of peace, he would march his troops and give him a battle at once. * * * * In a few days Black Hawk and the chiefs and head men to the number of twenty-eight, appeared at Furt Armstrong, and on the 30th of June, 1831, in full council with Gen. Gaines and Governor John Reynolds, signed a treaty of peace."

The Black-Hawk War In 1882

During the winter of '31-32 rumors were rife that Black-Hawk - and his band were dissatisfied, restless, and preparing for mischief. A chief of the Winnebago Indians, who had a village on Rock river, some thirty miles above its confluence with the- Mississippi, joined Black-Hawk, who was located on the west bank of the Father of Waters. The chief had great influence with Black- Hawk and his band. He made them believe that all the tribes on Rock river would join them, and that together they could bid defiance to the whites. By this unwise counsel, Black-Hawk resolved to recross the river, which he did in the winter of 1832. That move proved to be their destruction. Through his influence and zeal, Black-Hawk encouraged many of the Sacs and Foxes to join him at the head of his determined warriors. He first assembled them at old Fort Madison on the Mississippi ; subsequently, marched them up the river to the Yellow Banks, where he pitched his tent April 6tb, 1832. This armed array of savages soon alarmed the settlers, and a general panic spread through the whole frontier, from the Mississippi to Lake Michigan. Many settlers in terror abandoned their homes and farms, and the Governor decided, on the 16th of April, to call out a large number of volunteers to operate iu conjunction with Gen. Atkinson, who was in command of the regular forces at Rock Island. The Governor ordered the troops to rendezvous at Beardstown on the 22d of April. We give Governor ReynoMs' circular which he addressed to the citizen-soldiers in the crisis then pending :

Your country requires your services. The Indians have assumed a hostile attitude, and have invaded the state in violation of the treaty of last summer. The British band of Sacs and other hostile Indians, headed by Black-Hawk, are in possession of the Rock river country, to the great terrorof the frontier inhabitants. I consider the settlers on the frontier to be in imminent danger. I am in possession of the above information from gentlemen of respectable standing, and also from Gen. Atkinson, whose character s'ands high with all classes. In possession of the above facts, I have hesitated not as to the course I should pursue. No citizen ought to remain inactive wheu his country is invaded, and the helpless part of the community are in danger. I have called out a large detachment of militia to rendezvous at Beardstown on the 22d. Provisions for the men and food for the horses will be furnished in abundance. I hope my countrymen will realize my expectations, and offer their services, as heretofore, with promptitude and cheerfuliress in defence of their countrymen.

To the«stirring appeal of the governor, the patriotic citizens of the state and St. Clair county nobly responded in both campaigns of '31-'32. Many of the best and most prominent men of the county enlisted to protect the frontier and preserve the honor of

Among the citizens of St. Clair county who went out were : Offiuers : Captain Solomon Miller, Lieutenant Aaron Land, Lieutenant Isaac Griffen, all of what is known as the old battalion, commanded by Major N. Buckmaster, in the service of 1831. Col. Samuel C. Christy on Governor Reynolds' staff, as Quartermaster ; Captain William Moore, so chosen after the rendezvous aj; Beardstown, also member of the legislature in 18 J6 ; Major John A. Wakefield, engaged in spy service; Col. Thomas, commander of the third regiment; Capt. Snyder, Lieutenant John Wiu.-itanley, of the same regiment. Lieutenant Joshua W. Hughes, Capi. Gideon Simpson, Cd.pt. Joha Whiteside, Vital Jarrut, Adjutant- General, with rank of Colonel, Richard Roman, Surgeon of the old battalion, and doubtless others whose names are not obtainable. In subordinate capacities were - John Baker, Myram McMillen, Felix Scott, John Peas, Jonathan Moore, Charles Moore, James Reed, Edward Tracewell, Peter Dunn, John WooJ^, Benjamin Woods, William G. Brown, Ninian Edwards, jr., Solomon Teter, John Phillips, David Phillips, Andrew Christy, John Laramie, John Messinger, surveyor for many years, Nathaniel Smith, B. J. Smith, Samuel Smith, Robert Higgins, John Dunlap, Richard Bradsby, Franklin Scott, C. T. Askins, J. B. Needles, Gregory Benjamin Scott, who was killed after Stillman's defeat, whilst searching for water. He was shot through the heart. His head was severed from his body, and never recovered. James Anderson, W. G. Brown, Nathaniel Chambers, William Philips, Jacob Engold, Edward Henry, a colored man from East St. Louis. The names of Capt. John Treodley and Felix Scott might propsrly be introduced here as they served in the Winnebago War, io 1827, as well as had something to do with the Black Hawk. Jeremiah Black, Addison Dingle, went as a substitute for William McClintock, who provided him with a horse and equipments, James McClintock, Harbert Patterson and others.

The force marched to the mouth of Rock river, where Gen. Atkinson received the volunteers into the United States service and assumed command. Black-Hawk and his warriors were still up on the Rock river.

The army under Atkinson commenced its march up the river on the 9th of May. Gov. Reynolds, the gallant " Old Ranger, ' remained with the army, and the President recognized him as a major-general, and he was paid accordingly. His presence in the army did much toward harmonizing and conciliating those jealousies which generally exist between volunteers and regular troops. Major John A. Wakefield and Col. Ewing acted as spies for a time . iu the campaign of '32, to discover the locattion of the enemy, if possible. A Mr. Kinney acted as guide for them ; he understood the Sac dialect. On the 14th of May, 1832, Major Stillman's command had a sort of running battle with the Indians at or near what is now known as Stillman's run, a small, sluggish stream. In the engagement eleven white men and eight Indians were killed. Black-Hawk and warriors fought with the spirit born of desperation. Black-Hawk says in his book that he tried at Stillman's run to call back his warriors, as he thought the whites were making a sham retreat in order to draw him into an ambuscade of the whole army under General Whiteside. The hasty retreat and rout of Stillman and his army was, in a measure demoralizing to the entire forces. Undoubtedly the cause of the defeat was a lack of discipline. When Gov. Reynolds learned of the disaster of Major Stillman, he at once ordered out two thousand additional volunteers. With that promptitude characteristic of the old "War Governor," he wrote out by candle-light on the evening of Stillman's defeat, the order for the additional troop?, and by daylight dispatched John Ewing, Robert Blackwell, and John A. \' akefield to distribute the order to the various cjuiiiies. The volunteers again promptly responded ; however, the soldiers from this county did but little fighting. Ou the 10th of July the army disbanded for want of provisions. Gan. Sc )tt arrived soon after with a large force at the post of Chicago, to effect if possible a treaty with the Indians. Small detachments of Black-Hawk's warriors would persistently hang on the outskirts of the main body of the army, thieve and plunder, and pounce upon and kill the lonely sentinel or straggling soldier. On the 15th of July the soldiers were reviewed, and those incapable of duty were discharged and returned home. Poquette, a half-breed, and a Winnebago chief, the " White Pnwnee," were selected for guides to the camp of Black-Hawk and band. Several battles and skirmishes occurred with the enemy, the principal of which was on the banks of the Mississippi, where the warriors fought with great desperation. Over one hundred and fifty were killed in the engagement, and large numbers drowned in attempting to swim the river. After the battle the volunteers were marched to Dixon, where they were discharged.

Immediately after tbeir discharge, hostilities on the part of the Indians were re-opened, and Gov. Reynolds called for twenty days volunteers from among the discharged men for the protection of the frontier settlements. Many promptly responded, and a regiment was organized with Jacob Fry as Colonel, James D. Henry, Lieut. Colonel, and John Thomas as Major. A part of the company of Captain A. W. Snyder made a temporary stand at Kellog's Grove, a small tract of timber in Lasalle county, seventeen miles northeast from Ottawa. Near the grove, Scott and McDaniel, soldiers from this county, were killed. The facts, briefly stated wore, Capt. Snyder and company, in all twenty-five men, watched the movements of the Indians, and came upon them when within two or three miles of the grove concealed in a ravine. The company rushed on them with caution from tree to tree. Macorusen seeing one of the Indians exposed prepared to shoot him, but was too late. The Indian shot first, and he was mortally wounded. Vengeance was swift and the Indians, five in number, were killed. A litter was made whereon to carry the wounded men. Soon they complained of thirst. Drs. Roman, Jarrot and Cornelius, with Benjamin Scott and McDaniel started down a ravine in search of water. On their way they were fired upon by ambushed Indians, and Scott and McDaniel were instantly killed. The Indians were so close that their faces were powder burned. How the three doctors made their escape was miraculous. Before preparations could be consummated for wreaking vengeance upon the Indians, they had fled, and ou the 19th of jTine, 1832, the twenty days' men were discharged. This ended the campaign and the Black-Hawk war.

At the battle of the Pad Axe, Blf.ck-Hawk ar.d Fome (f his warriors escaped the Americans, and went up the Wi.-consin riv(r, but subsequently surrendered himself. Fort Armstrong, on Rock Island, was the [)!ace appointed where a treaty would be made with thd Indian-!, but before it was effected that dreadful scourge, the cholera of '32, visited not only the regular army, depleting its ranks far more rapidly than the balls of the Indians had done, but it al-o sought out its many victims in the dusky bands of the Black- Hawk tribe.

On the 15th September, 1832, a treaty was made with the Winnebago Indians. They sold out all their lands in Illinois and all .«outh of the Wisconsin river and west of Green bay, and the government gave them a large district of country west of the Mississippi, and ten thousand dollars a year for seven years, besides providing free schools for their children for twenty years, oxen, agricultural implements, etc., etc.

September 21st, 1832, a treaty was made with all the Sac and Fox tribes, on which they ceded to the United States the tract of country, on which a few years afterwards the State of Iowa was formed. In consideration of the above cession of lands, the government gave them an annuity of twenty thousand dollars for thirty years, forty kegs of tobacco and forty barrels of salt, more gunsmiths, blacksmith shop, etc., etc., six thousand bushels of corn for immediate support, mostly intended for the Black-Hawk band.

The treaties above mentioned terminated favorably, and the security resulting therefrom gave a new and rapi<l impetus to the development of the state, and now enterprising towns and villages, and beautiful farms, adorn the rich and alluvial prairies that before were only desecrated by the wild bands who inhabited them. Agricultural pursuits, commerce and manufactures, churches and schools, are lending their influence to advance an intelligent and pro.sperous people.

The Mexican War

In the war with Mexico in 1846-47, Illinois furnished six regiments of men, as follows : First regiment, commanded by Col. John J. Hardin; Second regiment, commanded by Col. William H. Bissell; Third regiment, commanded by Ferris Forman ; Fourth regiment, commanded by Colonel Edward D. Baker ; Fifth regiment, commanded by Col. James Collins ; Sixth regiment, commanded by Col. Edward W. Newby.

We subjoin a roster of the men of St. Clair county. In the war with Mexico her brave sons did their duty like gallant soldiers, and by their heroism shed additional lu.ster on the patriotism of their county and state. The Col. of the Second regiment, William H. Bissell, after his return from the war, was elected governor of the state, and many of the other men from this county, who served in that war, have attained prominence and distinction.

Adjutant : Augniitu.sG. Whiteside, First Lieutenant & Adjutant appointed from Co. " 1,'' July 1, '46 Wounded in Battle Feb 23, '47, at Buena Vista, Mexico.

Ser giant Major : Christinn H. Ketler, appointed from 1st Sergeant, Co. " H," 2d Regt. Was wounded in buttle at Buena Vista, Mexico, Feb. 23, '47.

Quarter Master Sergeant : Nelson S. Moore, appointed from Serg't. '' I,'' March 15, '47. Discharged on account of wounds received at Buena Vista, Feb. 23, '47.

MUSTER ROLL, COMPANY " G." Organized at Belleville, St. Clair county, Illinois, in the month of May, 1846. Mustered into serviceof the United States at Alton, Illinois, in the month of June, '46. Discharged June 16, '47.

MuLain, Allen, wounded in battle, Feb. 23, '47, at Buena Vista, Mexico. Mustered out June 18, '47. Miller, Bobert C, Mustered out June 18, '47.

Discharged : Welton, Aaron B. at Buena Vista, by order of Gen. Wool, by reason of employment in Q. M. Dpt. May 8 Welton, Guilford M. at Buena Vista, by reason of joining Capt. Meyer's!!; Co. of Mo. Vol. May 28. Deaths : Cheek, Allen, died at Buena Vista, April 2. Lewi's, John, " " Saltillo, May 3.

MUSTER ROLL, COMPANY " H," Second Regiment, 111. Vol., Mexican War. Organized at Belleville, St. Clair county. 111., in the m(mth of May, 1846. Mustered inlo the service of the United States at Alton, 111., on the 16th dajof June, 1846.

S eond Lieutenants : 1. Adolphus Engelman, wound, absent on furlough from May 23, '47, till expiration of term of service. 4. Louis Stock, mustered out June 18, '47.

'47 ; mustered out June 18, '47. Reeves, William, mustered out June 18, '47. Scheel, Maximilus, absent on furlough May 31, '47. Scheurer, John mustered out June 18, '47.

Illinois Vols

ILLINOIS VOLS. Mexican war recruits (to Thomas Bond's company of Clinton county), Aug. 16, 1847. Privates. Greenlee, Elihu, mustered out Oct. 16, 1848. Hunt, Joel, " " " "

Muster Roll Company E, Sixth Regiment

Organized at Belleville, St. Clair county, Illinois, in . the month of May, 1847. Mustered into the service of the United States at Alton, 111., on the 26th day of May, 1847. Honorably discharged on the 14th day of October, 1848, at Alton, 111. Captain,

The Wab Foe The Union

The purpose of the succeeding article is to give, in as succinct form as possible, a record of the patriotic deeds performed by the sons of St. Clair county for the integrity of the great American Republic, and in defence of the broad principles of justice and humanity, underlying the foundations of our government. As the revolutionary struggle was waged for the birth of the nation ; the war of 1^12, for the rights of American seamen; so the war for the Union wa? fought in defence of the nearest and dearest rights of humanity, rjghts forever crystallized in those golden word?, " All men are created equal," and equally entitled to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." The nation was convulsed with the shock of civil war, and the world paused to witness the grandest contest of modern times. In such a conflict, when the life of a great nation was in the balance, there could be no neutral ground, and the states that in the inception of the war, attempted to pursue such a policy, were quickly drawn into the angry whirlpool of bloody strife. At the very outset, the great state of Illinois leaped into the martial arena like a fiery giant, and her patriotic names soon became emblazoned high up on the scroll of fame. When the guns of treason, aimed at the flag of liberty, on the memorable 12th of April, 1861, belched forth their murderous missiles, their traitorous tones resounded through our state, and echoed along the far-oft" seaboards. A new crisis of the nation was at hand, one that was to try men's souls at the altar of their common country. Scarcely had the proclama tion of President Lincoln, calling for 75,000 volunteers, been issued, when the noble sons of this county, abandoning for the time their various civil pursuits, responded to the call, and rallied around the flag of their country. Of the 225,300 soldiers accredited to the state during the war, St. Clair county furnished 4,396, besides large numbers that crossed the liver, and entered Missouri regiments.

Not only among the native born, but especially among the German citizens of. the county, did the spirit of patriotism beat high, and the glorious names of Hecker, Koerner, Ruefther, Wangelin, and thousands of otht rs, natives of the great "Fatherland," will live in memory as long as the republic shall endure.

Unlike the foreign soldiers of Cyrus, or the hireling hordes that followed Xerxes into Greece, die Deuischen soldoien of this county, as of all parts of our common country, marched to battle with no mercenary motives, but fired with the deep love of liberty and their adopted country, so characteristic of the German people. In this connection it is but just to mention particularly the name of Col. Gustavus Koerner, who was honored by President Lincoln with the commission, as Colonel of volunteers, and the appointment was promptly confirmed by the U. S. Senate. Col. Koerner was afterward transferred to the staff of Gen. Halleck, and performed patriotic services during the war.

The citizens of St. Clair county have just cause to feel proud that in every war of the republic, including the Revolution, the blood of her noble sons has been spilled in every battle-field, from Saratoga to Appomattox, a record of valorous deeds, monuments more lasting than marble, more enduring than brass.

Ninth Infantry

(^Three years' service.)* Within a week from the issuing of President Lincoln's proclamation, in April, 1861, calling for 75,000 volunteers, to serve three months, to maintain and enforce the national authority, St. Clair county sent six full companies, Madison county three, and Montgomery county one company to Springfield, Illinois. April 25th, 1861, these companies were mustered into the service of the United States, for three months, and numbered the Ninth Regiment Illinois Infantry Volunteers. This regiment, by re-organization and re-enlistment, remained in the service until the surrender of all the Confederate armies. It participated in some of the most memorable and sanguinary battles of the war. It led in advance of Sherman's march to the sea, and thence north to the Confederate surrender in North Carolina ; and it took part, in all, in one hundred and ten engagements.

As originally organized, at Springfield, it contained a great part of the best youths of St. Clair county. About one-half of the regiment V as German-Americans, and the others, native Americans, with a sprinkling of other nationalities. The larger portion of the men having enlisted from St. Clair county, its history finds a proper place in this volume.

Immediately after the completion of the organization the regiment was ordered to Cairo, Illinois, to forestall the threatened occupation of the place by Confederate forces, and remained there until the end of the first term of its enlistment. It took part in no events of importance during this period. Saving occasional scouts into Missouri, nothing occurred to break the monotony of camp life. No uniforms were issued during this term, and the full-dress of the officers and men consisted of such costumes as their fancy suggested, or the patriotism of their home authorities had supplied. The time was principally spent in drilling and fitting the men for active service. The three months term of service expired July 25th, 1861, and the regiment was mustered out on that day at Cairo. At this time an attack on Cairo, was daily expected, and as no troops could be spared elsewhere to take the place of those discharged, an appeal was made to the men mustered out, to remain and reorganize for three years service. This was accordingly done; while a part returned home, the greater number immediately re-enlisted. It was mustered into United States service

* We are under obligations to General \V. C. KuefFner, of Belleville, for data furnished for the compilation of the history of this regiment.

A uniform was now for the first time furnished. As the regulation blue could not be obtained, a gray suit was supplied by the state, and worn until after the battle of Fort Donelson, when it was discarded on account of its similarity to the Confederate uniform. During the three months service, Gen. Prentiss, had been in comraaud, at Cairo, but soon after the re-organization General Grant appeared on the scene.

Sept. 5th, 1861, the regiment was ordered to Paducah, where it remained, and with several brigades under command of Gen. C. F. Smith, held the position until the opening of the campaign in February, 1862. Here the time of the regiment was spent in hard drilling and reconnoitering the surrounding country, which was infested with hostile bands of ConCederates. Companies B, H, and I, of the 9th, each filled up by volunteers to one hundred men, under command of Maj. J. J. Phillips, embarked by steamer up the Cumberland, and marched to Saratoga, Ky., where at sunrise they surprised and attacked a force of 200 rebel c ivalry, killing and wounding a number of the enemy, and captured their camp, horses, a lot of arms, and about twenty prisoners. The loss of the 9th was light ; Captain Kiieff'ner, of company B, slightly, and corporal Gribling, of same company, and private Gatewood, of Co K, severely wounded- This was the first fight in which any part of the regiment had been engaged.

In the mean time Col. Payne had been appointed Brig. General ; Lieut. Colonel Mersy, Colonel ; Major Phillips, Lieut. Colonel, and Capt. Kuhn, Major. February 4th, 1862, the 9th was ordered up the Tennessee river to Fort Henry ; on the following day, landed five miles below the fort, and on the 6th marched up on the opposite side of the river, and participated in the combined operations of the fleet and the army, which resulted in the capture of Fort Henry. February 12th, crossed the Tennessee and joined the army in the march against Fort Donelson. Colonel McArthur's brigade, to which the 9th regiment belonged, formed a part of General C. F. Smith's Division. Was detached to the support of the First Division, commanded by Brigadier General McClernand, and was engaged in the right of our army during Saturday, February 15th, where the most severe fighting took place. This regiment had eight companies engaged in this action, numbering

*We have not given the roster of the officers and men who served in the three months term, as the Adjnlant General's Report does not give their residence, hence we are unable to determine those from St. Clair connty.

about six hundred men; company " H " being absent on provost duty, and company " A " detached to support a battery on another part of the field. After the unconditional surrender of the fort, which General Grant had de manded, the Ninth, together with the Second Iowa regiment, was awarded the honor of first entering the Confederate Stronghold. There is no mention in any ofiicial report of the part Col. McArthur's Brigade took in this action, though it did the fiercest fighting on the field. The regiment lost in this engagement, 38 men killed on the field, and 179 wounded. A number of those wounded, subsequently died. The following is a list of the killed and

Wouniied, Captains .Joseph G, Rohinson of Co. "I," and Rudolphus Beckier of Co. "D," First Lieutenants Hamilton Lieber of Co. " B," William Britt of Co. " F," and .John S. Tutton of Co. " G." Total, 5.

Company " F," killed: privates, David N. Ashton and Constant C, Rowland. Wounded: sergeants Thomas C. Kidd and Andrew J. Webster, corporal Andrew J. White, privates Harlow Bossett, George W. Campbell, Elnathan Cory, John W. Dye, William M. Ellis, Joseph L. Garnett, James Getty, James Hickes, Nathan Lynch, George McLaish, John Rank, Eli T. Singleton, Richard C. Scott, Thomas L. Wallace, Fraflk X. Wagner. This is not a complete list, the records of the company having been destroyed. Total, killed, 2 ; wounded, 19- . t v

February 22d, the Ninth, with a part of the victorious army, proceeded up the Cumberland to Clarksville and Nashville, meeting with no resistance, and thence back to Paducah, preparatory to starting on the expedition determined upon against Corinth, in Mississippi. Went by steamer, disembarking at Pittsburg Landing, thirty miles from Corinth, on the 18th ult , and went into camp on the west side of the river near the landing. Keinfiircemeuts continued to arrive until the army commanded by Gen Grant was about 40,000 strong. About day-break, Sunday morning, April 6th, 1862, the enemy who had encamped within gun-shot range of our line the evening before, attacked our camp with great fury. So extended was the ground oc cupied by the enemy, that the information of the battle, which for several hours had been raging, did not reach the regiment. until eight o'clock. The brigade was promptly formed under command of Gen. McArthur, and hurried to the front. It advanced to the extreme left of our line, and the regiment took position along the meanderings of a small ravine, where it was exposed to a terrible fire by an enemy greatly superior in numbers and in a short time nearly two-thirds of the Ninth were strewn on the ground, either killed or wounded. Retreating from this position, the remainder of the regiment reformed a short distance from its first position. "The fragment of the Ninth held several other positions during the battle, and everywhere fought fiercely and gallantly.

The severity of the struggle may be better understood when we state that out of 26 officers and 520 enlisted men who went into battle, 20 officers and 324 men, besides 11 men missing, were either killed or wounded. The proud regiment which two months before, had marched out of Paducah a thousand men strong, could not now muster one hundred men for parade. The following is a list of its

During the summer of 1862, the Ninth remained in camp near Corinth, and at Rienzi. In September the Ninth was re-called from Rienzi to Corinth, to support the garrison, and arrived there October 2d, and rejoining its old brigade under Gen. Oglesby, marched out on the morning of October 3d, with its division, under command of Gen. Daviess to meet the advance of the enemy at the old rebel intrenchments about two and one-half miles N. "W. of the city. In the first charge Captain Britt, of Co. " F " was killed, and Captains E. M. and G G. Lowe, and Lieutenant Hughes and Ulen, and over fifty men were captured. The regiment was engaged during the whole of the fighting, sustaining a loss of 19 men killed and 82 wounded. We give the names of those killed and wounded in this, the battle of Corinth :

General C. F. Smith, the old division commander, an excellent oflScer of the regular army, of advanced years, had been taken sick before the battle and died. General W. H. Wallace had succeeded him and was mortally wounded ; and he was succeeded by General T. A. Daviess. The command of the brigade passed from General McArthur, who had been wounded, to General Richard J. Oglesby Soon after the battle General Halleck appeared to take command of the aimy in person, superseding General Grant. Corinth still remained the objective point of the campaign, and heavy reinforcements having arrived, with the beginning of May the long delayed movement against that place commenced.

Officers killed : Captain Wi'liam Britt of Co. " F." Wounded : Major John H. Kuhn, Adjutant Henry H. Klock. CaptainsWilliamC. Kuefinerof Co. "B," and Jos. G. Robinson of Co. ''I." Lieutenants Oscar Rollmann and Charles Scheve of Co. " C," George W. Williford of Co. "F," Isaac Clements of Co. "G." Cyrus H. Gilmore and Alfred Cowgill of Co. " H." Total killed 1. wounded 10.

Company "D.' Killed : Corporal Louis Truttmann, Private.", Jacob Berthold, Henrv Borcherding, John Smith, Christian Tenting. Total killed, 5. A number were wounded, but their names can not be obtained.

The regiment remained near Corinth, till the spring of 1863. In March of that year it was mounted on mules, and was therefore employed as Mounted Infantry, and during the remainder of the war, it was nearly always in the saddle, scouting, skirmishing, recounoitering, and raiding, almost invariably successful, scarcely ever meeting with a check, and becoming well known and a favorite throughout the army of the Tennessee. We cannot give a detailed account of all the movements of the regiment, but have mentioned the leading battles in which it participated, and below we append a list of the 110 engagements:

Non Commission Staff

MUSTER ROLL COMPANY "a" Privdes. Brain, Michael, transferred to V. R. C. March 29, '64. Baker, Adam, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Duttenhofer, Jacob, " " "_ ^' Deitz, Louis, " '' "

Dachnert, Charles, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Dettwciler, John killed at Fort Poneison Feb. 15, '62. Darrow, Josepli, trans, to Co. B consolidated, mustered out July 9, '65. Eirkuss, Christian, mustered out Aug. 20. '64. Eirkuss, Jacob, killed at Fort DoneUon Feb. 15, '62. Fisher, Philip, mustered out Aug 20, '64. Geist, Paul.

out July 9, '65. Oberfell, Joseph, discharged June 14, '62, wounds. O'Hare, John, died March 17, '64. Oemigen, Fred. Wm., non-vet., Co. D consolidated,

Corporal. Sohlatt, William mustered out Aug 20, '64. Spiess, Phillip died May 3, '62, wounds Shiloh. Suemnicht, Her.Tian disuh. Jime 20, '62 ; wounds. Smith, Roily.

It.ergeants. Charles Hahle, killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62. John M. Salzinan, transferred to Co. H. (ieorge Bender, promoted 1st Lieut. Williatu Langenberg, mds'tered out Aug. 20, '64.

Privates. Aderhals, Godfrey died Nov. 18, '61. Arndt, Henry died of wounds, March 18, '62. Becker, Anthony, discharged .Aug.'15, '62, wounds. Bence, Andrew, discharged Aug. 2, '62, arm amput. Boersig, Lawrence, killed Fort Donelson, Feb. 15, '62. Bruening, William died Oct. 1, '61. Bub, Michael mustered out Ang. 20, '64. Clements, Phillip " " " '' Eilt, Menson " '- " "

1864. Erbar, George mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Erba, Phillip, wounded at Shiloh. Erbe, Conrad discharged .Tune 25, '62; disability. Fichter, Geo. " July 22, 'e2 ; wounds.

Hartmann, John mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Haeser, 'William discharged June 18, '64 ; disability. Herbig, William mustered out Aug. 20 '64. Herpin, Jacob '' " "

Klingenberg, William killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62. Lamberlus, Phillip mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Lamprecht, John killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62. Lehr, George " " " " "

Ranch, Thomas discharged April 14, '62; disability. RehfuBs, Ludwig mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Resch, Adam discharged Oct. 2, '62; wounds. Richter, Henry killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62. Riedell, John-

Schenck, Christian killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62. Schemph, Henry mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Scheve, Frederic mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Schneider, Christian died May 10, '62. Schneider, Peter mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Schmidt, Henry died Nov. 2, '62. SohouUer, Nicholas mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Sponhule, John. Stone, William died Dec. 7, '61. Storch, William killed at Shiloh, April 6, '62.

Corporals. Henry Goessel, died Ap. 18, '62; wounds. Philip Saur, died May 2, '62 ; wounds. Anton Wolf, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Louis Truttman, died Oct. 5, '62 ; wounds. Amos Smith, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. William Heuer, " " " " " Christian Rahn, killed at Shiloh Ap. 6, '62. Adam Eeitz, died May 18, '62; wounds. Musicians.

Privates Alberter, Charles, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Auffinger, Martin, died Oct. 1, '62. Bange, Hermann, discharged Aug. 15, '62 ; wounds. Baquet, Isadore, discharged June 21, '62; wounds. Baeversen, William.

War Department, May 27, '65. Becker, Jacob, killed at Shiloh Ap. 6, '62. Bense, William, died May 11, '62. Berthold, Jacob, died Oot. 30, '62; wounds. Bergamien, Balthisar, died Mar. 4, 62. Bertram, Henry, vet., mustered out July 9, '69. Bittenvolf, John, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Boester, Frederick, discharged Aug. 15, '62; wounds. Borcherding, Henry, died Nov. 5, '62. Buesemayer, Henry, dis. Ap. 4, '62; disability. Caspari, Henry, vet., mustered out July 9, '65. Daesch, George, '' " "

Euler, Jacob, vet., mustered out July 9, '65. Erb, Jacob, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Fritz, John, discharged Aug. 19, '62; wounds. Funck, Francis.

Fuchs, Charles, mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Gshell, Conrad, killed at Shiloh Ap. 6, '62. Hauser, John, vet., mustered out July 9, '65. Heidinan, John, discharged Dec. 6, '62; wounds. Hohrein, John, mustered out May 30, '65. Huber, Charles.

Kielher, Charles, mustered out May 27, '65. Eieas, Jacob, killed at Shiloh Ap. 6, '62. Eaffy, Charles, discharged Oct. 13, '62; wounds. Sche'llenburg, Alberl, miawng in action Ap. 6, '62. Sclieide, Jolin, vet., mustered out July 9, '65. Sclimutz, Herman.

Stocker, Oswald, discharged Dec. 6, '62; wounds. Schueszler, George, discharged July 21, '62. Stallborrea, Henry. Bey bold, Samuel, transferred to co. "1"; mustered

Recriiiti. Doering, Charks, died Sept. 13, '62. Miller, Charles W., mustered out Sept. 9, '64. Schlotlier, Jacob, mustered out July 9, '65. Stalborus, Henry, discharged May 27, '65; order of

Corporals. Silas Bunker, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Fred'k Dilg, vet., prora'd 1st Lieut., co, B., as cons'd. Phillip Anderson, mustered out, Aug. 20, 18b4. William G. Triplet, vet., mustered out, July 9, 1865.

Muster Eoll Company F.

Privates. Ashton, David N,, killed at Fort Donelson, Feb, 15, '62. Bridges, William, discharged, July 19, 'ti2; disability. Banes, Margues, discharged, Aug, 15, 1862 ; disability. Borrow, John S,, mustered out, Aug, 20, 18B2, Birgin, Frederick, discharged, April 24, '62 ; disa'ty. Bence, Lewis.

Buschmiller, Christian, mustered out, Aug, 20, 1864, Burnes, Alex,, discharged, April 28, 18b2; disability, Crocker, Wm, C, dicliarged Dec, 14, 1862, disability. Cox, Thomas W., killed at Shiloh, April 6, 18ti2. Dye, John W., discharged. May 5, 1BB2 ; wounds. Garrott, Joseph H,, mustered out, Aug. 20, 1864, Glenn, James, mustered out, August 20, 1864, Gmelin, H,, died in Andersonvillc prison, June 2'J, '64, Gmelin, Andrew, mustered out, Aug. 20, 1864. Hill, Charles, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Hickman, James M., mustered out, Aug. 20, 1864. Hess, Karl, died, Oct. 17, 1861. Heimberger, Rudolph W., mustered out, August. Josgeon, John, mustered out, Aug. 20, 1864, Potthart, Francis, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, Kowland, Cons, C,, killed atFt. Donelson, Feb, 15, '62, Rank, John,

Non-Commissioned Staff

Corporals. Louis Valentine, mustered out July 9, '65, as private. Uiiliara Morgenslem, absent without leave, at M. O, Charles Wright, M, O. May 26, '65, order War Dept.

Twenty-Second Infantry

(Three yeari service.) This regiment was organized at Belleville, May 11th, 1861, and mustered into the United States' service, at Caseyville, Illinois, by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, U. S. A., June 25th, 1861. Moved to Bird's Point, Mo., the 11th inst. November 7th, seven companies participated in the battle of Belmont - three being left to guard transports- In this engagement 144 were killed, wounded aud missing. Under Gen. Grant, Jan. 14th, ls62, reconnoitered through Missouri. April 8th, 1862, moved under Gen. Paine, to Tipton ville, to intercept retreating enemy from Island No. 10. On this expedition they captured 4,000 prisoners, two Generals, aud a large quantity of stores, ammunition, arms, guns, etc. May 3d, 5ih and 9th, 1862, skirmished before Farmington, and engaged in the battle of Farmington. Was at the siege of Corinth, and pursued the enemy two weeks in June. Until Aug. 26th following, guarded Memphis and Charleston Railroad, when by forced marches it fell back to Nashville, arriving Sept. 1 1th, and remained there the balance of the year. I It engaged in the battle of Stone River,

Dec. 31st, 1862, and Jan. 1st and 2d, 1863, it lost 199 out of 342 men, in action. Lieut. Col. Swanwick was wounded and taken prisoner, and was confined at Atlanta and Richmond (Libby), until May, 1863.

The regiment was in camp at Murfreesboro, and different points around that place, foraging and skirmishing through the winter and spring. Early in June, marched southward, with the army of the Cumberland. Participated in the battle of Chickamauga, Sept. 1 9th and 20th, on the right of the army under Gen. Sheridan, and lost 135 officers and men, out of an aggregate of less than 300. This was a severe engagement, in proof of which, the regiment lost 96 men in less than ten minutes in action on the 19th. Among others the brave Maj. Johnson was very severely wounded, and Captain French mortally.

It remained in and around Chattanooga, - suffering in common with the rest of the army, from exposure and want of provisions, being frequently on less than half rations, and almo-t destitute of clothing, tents, etc., until November 26th, when with the remainder of Gen. Sheridan's division, it was engaged in storming Mission Ridge, losing again between 30 and 40, out of a mere skeleton to which they had been previously reduced. The few remaining men, fit for duty, marched about the last of the month to the relief of Knoxville. The greater part of the severe winter of 1863-4, was passed in the mountains of East Tennessee.

In the month of January. 1864, marched to Dandridge, in pursuit of Gen. Longstreet's army - retreating at night over terrible roads, to Strawberry Plains. Thence marched through Knoxville to Louden, Tenn., where they built log huts, and remained some weeks ; and here, March 6th, 1864, they received the first full rations since leaving Bridgeport, being fully six months. The regiment marched from here to Cleaveland, Tenn., where it remained until the scanty remnant joined^ the grand army of Gen. Sherman, on the Atlanta campaign. Was engaged at Resaca, two days, having about 20 men killed and wounded, and in all the other battles and skirmishes, with the exception of Rocky Face, (was eleven days and nights under fire at New Hope Church), until the morning of the 10th of June, when all but the recruits and veterans were ordered to Springfield, Illinois for muster-out. They were mustered out July 7th, 1864. The veterans and recruits, whose term of service had not expired, were consolidated with the Forty-second regiment Illinois Infantry Volunteers.

Privates. Armstrong, Geo. mustered out July 7, 1864. Arthur, William killed at Stone river, Dec. 31, 1862. Arrfls, Maham dis. for wounds rec'd Stone river, '63, Crawford, David S., corp. died Louisville, Dec. 24,'63 Cambron, Zean deserted May 3, 1864. Campdon, John " April 24, 1862. Christian, Francis trans, to V. R. C. Aug. 1, 1863. Crouse, Joseph discharged June 10, '62, disability. Clark, Henry " " 26, '62,

Hogan, James mustered out April 13, '65, pris. war. Hopson, Wm. deserted Oct. 28, 1861. Hierly, Jacob mustered out July 7, 1864. Hancock, Richard " " "

Igoe, Thomas died of wounds Nov. 14, 1861. Kamp, John dis. for wounds received at Stone river. Libbott, Lorenz dis. to enter 4th U. S. cav. Lowry, David mustered out July 7, 1864. Lewis, William " " Jan. 12, '65, pris. war. Mayer, Thomas corp. dis. Aug. 1, 1862, disab. Mehem, Peter deserted Dec. 19, 1861. McKinley, Stephen killed N. H. ch., Ga.May 28, '64. Palmer, Champion J. M. 0. July 7, '64, woun. Resaca. Parks, John mustered out July 7, 1864. Pope, Richard " " "

Muster Roll, Company

Corporals. Isaac Boal, mustered out July 7, '64, as Sergt. Elisha Mayo, deserted April 17, '62. John Holmes, mustered out July 7, '64, as Sergt.

Privates. Arbo. John died Jan. 9, '63, woun's. Boal, Thomas killed at Belmont Nov. 7, '61. Brehme, Adolphus prom. Sergt., disch'il Nov. 28, '62, to enlist in 4th U. S. Cavalry. Blackwood, Lawrence taken prisoner at Belmont, Christianson, Paul mustered out Julv 7, '64. Cull, Barney " " '' " " "

Dailey, Peter deserted April 17, '61. Dailey, Francis discharged June 13, '62. wounds. Eggberry, Wra., Corp'l, died Dec. 30, '61, wounds- Edwards Edward mustered out July 7, '64. Fagan, Patrick killed at Belmont Nov. 7, '61. Ganther, John died at Birds' Point Sept. 21, '61. Groll, Frederick trans, to V. E. C Sept. 30, '63. Hellen Christopher H. died at Birds' Pt.Sept.lO,'6I. Jones, Daniel mustered out July 7, '64. Keating, Michael trans, to V. R. C. Aug. 1, '63. Kinsey, W. tr. to V. R. C. July 28, '62, M.O.Sep.9,'64 Kehm, Christopher Sergt. died Oct. 3, '63, wounds. Keagan, James mustered out Sept. 1, '64. Lewis, Wm. L. Corp'l killed at Stone river Dec.31,'62. Loyd, Henry discharged Dec. 31, '61, wounds. McGregor, Archibald woimded at Belmont. Mueller, Henry musi'd out July 7, '64, pris. war. McAuley, John killed at Belmont Nov. 7, '61. Nugent, James died at Mound City Dec. 4,'61,wounds, O'Donnell, Charles mustered out July 7,'64, wounded. Parrott, Michael " " " " "

Ros-s, Pelerdie I at Annapolis. Ml., Dec. '62, Rainor, Robert discharged July 4, '61. Rooney, Charles wounded at Belruont Mo. Scanlan, Patrick killed at Belmont Nov. 7, '61. Smith, Thomas mustered out July 7, '64. Seoenberger, Egid " " -' " "

Sutton, Josiah di -charged July 4, '61. Timiniski.AntoineSerg died at Chattanooga Jan.5,'64. Weber, William died at Murfreesboro' April 18, '63. Wrench, John died at Farmington Miss. Aug. 12, '62. Yule, James Corp'l died Jan- 13, '63, wounds.

Recruits. Jones, Evan killed at Stone river Dec. 31, '62. Mitchell, Patrick discharged June 15, "62. disabilitv. Pendergrast, James discharged May 22, '63, wound's, (^uinn, John de-ierted July 12, '61. Smith, Frederick, died at Cairo, Jan- 13, '62, wounds. Sullivan, James discharged July 21, 62, disability. Scally, Patrick mustered out Aug. 1, '64.

Twenty-Fourth Infantry

{Three years' service.) This was known as the "Hecker Regiment." It was organized at Chicago, Illinois, and mustered into United States' service, July 8th, 1861, by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, and soon after, was ordered to Alton, III, and subsequently to St. Charles, Mo. ; thence to Mexico, Mo. July 28th, 1861, it left Mexico, and moved via St. Louis, to Ironton, Mo., where it encamped until September ;id. It moved successively on the 4th to Jackson ; 5th, to Fort

Holt; 13th, by rail to Cinciunati, with orders to report at Washington. Arrested by the accident which befell the 19th Illinois Volunteers, the regiment remained at Camp Dennison, Ohio, until Sept. 29th, when it moved to Louisville, Ky. 'Ihe following day moved to Colesburg, aLd guarded the railroad until November 30th, when it was assigned to the Eighth Brigade, Col. Turchin commanding. Moved to Elizabethtown, December 5th, and remained there till the 22d, when it marched to Bacon's Creek, where it remained until Feb. 10th, 1862. With the Eighth Brigade in advance, the Division marched, February 10th, 1862, to Bowling Green, arriving on the 14th inst., and remained until the 24th, when it moved to Nashville. On the 18th, marched to Murfreesbore, where it remained until April 5th, when the Division marched via Shelbyville and Fayetteville, to Huntsville. April 11th, marched to Decatur, from which the enemy fled, leaving in their hands C. R. and G. E. small arms and ammunition. From here the regiment proceeded to Tuscumbia, from where, April 22d, it crossed the Tennessee; repulsed a charge of the enemy's cavalry, losing some prisoners, and returned to Huntsville the 30th ult. Marched to Athens, May 1st; to Fayetteville the 26th; crossed the Cumberland to a place opposite Chattanooga, June 1st; to Jasper, Ten n., and Bellefonte, June 7th, and on the 11th ult., returned to Stephenson; from thence to Jasper, Tenn. At Rankin's Ferry, companies F, G, and C, had an engagement in which Capt. Kovats and Lieut. Gerhart and one private were wounded, and three missing. The regiment next marched to the mouth of Battle Creek, and remained until July 11th; then to Tullahoma, and guarded station on the Nashville and Chattanooga R. R , until Sept. 7th, when with Gen. Buell's army it went in pursuit of the enemy, arriving at Louisville, Sept. 26th, 1862. October 8th, it participated in the battle of Chaplain Hills, near Perryville^ losing 25 killed, 77 wounded, 8 prisoners, and 2 missing. After this battle it marched to Mitchelville, Ky., on the line of the L and N. R. R., where it was stationed the remainder of the year.

The veterans and recruits were consolidated into one company, known as Co. A. This company was mustered out, July 31st, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., and arrived at Camp Butler, August 1st, 1865, for final payment and discharge.

Benny, Gregor killed at Cliickamaiiga, Sept. 19, '63. Kluger, William discharged May 1, '63; disability. Molz, Jos. transferred to V. R. U., Sept. 80, 1863 Reinhardt, Gust, died Nashville, Tenn., Mir. 24, '62. Will, John, mustered out Aug. 6, 1864.

Thirty-Second Infantry

Col. John Logans Regiment. { Three years' service). This regiment was organized by Col. John Logan at Camp Butler, Illinois, and mustered into the United States' service, December 31st, 1861. The term of service was three years. Of this regiment a large portion of company G, and a few recruits of company H, were recruited in St. Clair county Jonathan Moore was the first Captain of company G. The history of this regiment adds new lustre to the patriotism of St. Clair county. We give in these pages a few of the most important events in the history of the memorable Thirtysecond.

January 28th, 1862, the command was ordered to Cairo. February 2d, ordered to Bird's Point, Mo., and on the 8th of February, proceeded up Tennessee river. 9th, arrivid at Fort Henry. 23d, joined First Brigade, Col. I. C. Pugh commanding, Fourth Division, Gen. S. A. Hurlbut commanding. Proceeded to Pittsburg Landing, and on the 17th camped two miles from the Landing. It bore a distinguished and honorable part in the battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, 1862, losing forty killed, and two hundred wounded. Was engaged on the advance on Corinth.

On the 5th of October, 1862, fought the battle of Matamora. This regiment did good service here ; seven killed and five wounded. On the 8th of November, in a forced march southward, from La Grange, surprised and captured over one hundred rebel cavalry at Lamar, and routed the enemy, after many hard marches, part of the time being on short rations. In March, 1863, they moved to Memphis, and remained until May 11th, when they moved to Young's Point. On the loth found the division ten miles below Vieksburg. Thence to Grand Gulf, where they were detained a few days as a garrison.

June 12th, the post was abandoned, and the regiments joined the division on the lines around Vieksburg ; engaged in the siege until June 27th, when Col. Logan, with his regiment, the One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio, and one section of Artillery, was ordered to command the post at Warrenton, which was the extreme left of the line. Rejoined brigade on July 4th, and on the 5th marched with Sherman's Army toward Jackson, a very trying march. After hard service and skirmishing, and the capture of a battery of nine pieces of artillery, on January 3d, 1864, moved to Vieksburg, where it was mustered as a veteran organization. Received furlough, March 16th, and on April 28th, reassembled at Camp Butler, 111., and thence moved to Bird s Point, Mo. May 8th, started for Clifton, Tenn , arriving there on the 15th of the same month, and on the seventeenth moved forward via Pulaski, Tenn , Huntsville and Decatur, Ala., Rome and Kingston, Ga., joined General Sherman's army at Ackworth, June 11th, and the next day, June 12th, 1864, participated jn the siege of Kenesaw Mountain. The Seventeenth Corps occupied the left of the line, and the Thirty-second Regiment occupied the exposed position on the advance. July 2d,

transferred to right of line on the 4th and 5th ; and on the 5th, when the Fourth division assaulted the enemy's works, the Thirtysecond was the first to plant its colors on the ramparts. July I8th, the regiment was transferred to the first brigade, and Col. Logan took command of the brigade. While guarding supplies at Marietta, a party of fifty men, under Lieutenant Alex. Campbell, while foraging, after a spirited resistance, were captured, only nine escaping. On the 3d, the enemy attacked the line near Kenesaw Mountain, and killed and captured twelve men. The regiment remained near Marietta until the " march to the sea " began, when, on Nov- 13th, it moved from that place, and from Atlanta Nov. 15th, 1861. In the siege of Savannah Capt. Lawson and four men were wounded. The Regiment suffered greatly from lack of food. Remained in camp in Savannah, Ga., until January 5th, 1865, when embarked at Thunderbolt for Beaufort, S. C, disembarked 7th, and remained until Feb. 1st. On Feb. 3d, the division under command of Gen. Giles A. Smith, waded the Salkahatchie river, two miles wide, and from two to five feet deep, and ice cold ; and after a brief half hour's skirminishing on the opposite bank, compelled the enemy to evacuate their strong line of defence. The regiment was at this time in the third brigade, Gen. Belknap commanding. Col. Logan was absent during these two campaigns, on court-martial duty at Louisville, Ky., and Capt. Ilider, afterward Lieut. Colonel, commanded the regiment.

The Thirty-sepond took part in the grand Review at Washipgton, May 24th, 1865. Thence to Parkersburg, Va. ; thence to Louisville ; thence moved westward, via St. Louis and Fort Leavenworth, to Fort Kearney, Nebraska, arriving August 13th ; returned to Fort Leavenworth Sept. 2d. Sept. 16th, mustered out there, and ordered to Camp But }er, 111 , for final payment and discharge. It traveled while in the United States service 11,000 miles, and its record makes glorious a page of the state,

Corporal^. William Andrews, mfiptered out Sept. 7, 1864. Wijliam Lynjan, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Thomas B. Tinsley, vet., promoted. Michael Connelly, mustered June 4, 1861. Andrew C Smith, discharged May 6, 1864.

James Webb, dipch. June 19, 1864, as private. Tliomas Bragg, vet., mustered out Sept. 16, 1865. Thomas Boswell, killed at Sliiloh, April 6, 1862.

Bennett, Thomas deserted June 26, '65. Creed, George mustered out Sept. 16, '66. Fizer, David G. killed at Kenesaw Mt. June 27, '64. JanifS, Henry C. mustered out July 7, '65. Jackson, John A. died in St. Louis, Mo., April 15th,

Thirty-Third Infantry

{Three years' service). Of this regiment there were a few members of companies A, D, and H, from St. Clair county. The Thirty-second was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, in September 1861, with Col. Chas. E. Hovey commanding, and soon after became a part of the army operating in Missouri and Arkansas. In the early part of the year 1863, the regiment became a part of Gen. Davidson's corps, and subsequently participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, assault and siege of Vicktburg, and siege of Jackson. In August moved to JSew Orleans, with the Thirteenth corps, and as a part of Gen Ord's corps, engaged in the campaigns up the Bayou Teche, afterwards did considerable service in Texas. On the 1st January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and March 14th, reached Bloomington, 111., and received veteran furlough. April 18th,

1864, the regiment was re-organized at Camp Butler, and proceeded to New Orleans. May 17th, ordered to Brashear City, La. Soon after, the various companies of the regiment were assigned at different places to perform garrison duty. Companies A and D, at Tigerville ; company H, at Boutte ; Regimental Headquarters were at Terre Bonne. The District waa called the " District of Lafourche," under command of Gen. Cameron. September 17th, 1864, the non-veterans were started home via New York City, in charge of rebel prisoners, and were mustered out at Camp Butler on the 11th October, 1864.

In the early part of March, 1865, the regiment was ordered to join the Sixteenth Array Corps. Near Boutte Station the train was thrown from the track, and nine men ki led and seventy wounded. This regiment was engaged in the battle of Spanish Fort, and Mobile. Moved to Vicksburg, April 14th,

1865, and remained at that place until mustered out of service, November 24th, 1865, and ordered to Camp Butler. Illinois, for final payment and discharge.

O, November 24, 1865. Osborne, Mitchell M., transferred from 117th Illinois, discharged, September 25, 1865 ; disability. MUSTER ROLL, COMPANY " D." iJeci'itite. Leonard, Walter, died in Arkansas, July 12, 1862. O'Bryant, George J., tran^ferred from 117th Illinois,

Forty-Third Infantry

The history of the Forty-third is one which reflects great credit on the gallant men from St. Clair county, who formed a large part of the regiment ; and its brilliant and patriotic achievements, on many an ensanguined field, attest the bravery and sterling qualities of the citizen soldiery of St. Clair ; her native born and adopted sons were among the first to rush to the front in defence of the national flag ; and at the front they remained steadily and persistently battling the enemy until victory crowned the efforts of the national cause.

This regiment was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, in the month of September, 1861, by Colonel Julius Raith, and on the 8th of October following - only eight companies being full - was ordered to St. Louis, and at Benton Barracks the regiment was equi|)ped ; in November did garrison duty at Oiterville, Missouri ; on the 19th of January, 1862, returned to Benton Barracks, where, with the Tyventy-fifth Indiana, i_t formed a brigade, under Geu. Strong, General Sherman commanding the post. Here companies I and K joined the regiment.

On the 6th of February moved to Fort Henry, arriving there on the 10th; 18ih, moved to Fort Donaldson, where it was attached, to Gen. Ross' Brigade. Gen. Mc- Clernand's Division, on the 4th of March moved to Bell s Landing; thence to Savannah, Tenn., and on the 22d to Pittsburg Landing.

The Forty-third bore an honorable and heroic part, distinguishing itself in the two days' bloody battle of Shiloh, losing in killtd and wounded, 200. Its commander, the noble and dairing Raith was mortally wounded, and died April 11th following. The following officers were killed : Chajjlain Walther, Capt. Grimm, Lieut. Lindroth, and Lieut. Sacher. Capt. Edvall was mortally wounded In May, 1862, the regiment participated in the siege of Vicksburg. In June became a part of Ross' Brigade, Logan's Division, Reserve Corps, Army of the Tennessee : Ordered to Bethel, thence to Jackson, Tenn., arriving at the latter place June 17th. From this time until the early part of December, much of the time of the command was employed in skirmishing after guerillas. December 18th, a part of the regiment moved to Jackson; the same day started with an expedition, consisting of the Forty-third and Sixty-first Illinois' regiments. Colonel Engleman commanding; moved out on the Lexington road, four miles, meeting a detachment of the 11th Illinois and 5th Ohio cavalry, who had been driven from Lexington, with a loss of many prisoners and two cannon. Col. Engleman stationed his command near the Salem cemetery. At daybreak following, cavalry were deployed to find the position of the enemy. About nine o'clock the enemy appeared, about 500 strong, driving in a little squad of cavalry; and when within seventy-five yards of their position, charged headlong upon them with deafening cheers. The Infantry had, however, withheld their fire, and now poured in heavy volleys, sending the enemy flying back, leaving from sixty to eighty dead and wounded on the field. The Forty-third had two men wounded. The enemy was estimated at 1,800 strong, with five pieces of artillery, under the daring General Forrest, and engaged an infantry force of 425 men. In the afternoon was reinforced, and pursued the enemy fifteen miles, and then returned to Jackson, arriving there December 21st. Two days thereafter, moved with Col. Lawler's expedition, via Medon Station, Denmark, Glover Creek, and Toon's Station, returning on the 26tli to Bolivar, Tennessee- In the spring of 1863, two hundred men of the regiment were mounted, by order of Gen. Braynian, commanding post, and did excellent service, capturing guerillas. The iattci; part of May moved to Memphis, and by boat proceeded down the Mississippi and up the Yazoo, disembarked at Satartia on the 4th. Here met and repulsed the enemy under Gen. Adams, capturing a few prisoners. On the 9th of June, moved to Haines' Bluff. About the middle of July moved to Big Black Hiver, thence to Snyder's Bluff; and on the 29th, embarked for Helena. August 6th, assigned to 1st Brigade, 2d Division, Arkansas expedition. Gen. Steele commanding, going to Helena, Clarendon, and Duvall's Bluff. On the fircit of September moved from Duvall's Bluff, and on the 6th Col. Engleman was assigned, of the Second Division ; on the 10th moved forward to the Arkansas river, and laid pontoon. Two regiments of infantry, several batteries, and a division of cavalry, crossed the river. The infantry moved on the north side of the river opposite Little Rock ; the enemy evacuated the place, and the l; th Illinois cavalry occupitd the place. On the 11th the Forty-third was ordered into the city, being the first infantry to occupy the place. March 13th, 1864, the Forty-third became a part of the Third Brigade, Col. A. Engelman commanding Third Division, Gen. Soloman in command. Major-General Steele in command of the Red River expedition, moved from Little Rock, March 28d, 1864. On the 10th of April, the Forty-third engaged and routed the enemy at Prairie d'Anne. The enemy fell back upon their main force, half a mile distant, and opened on the regiment with artillery. Captain Vaughn's Battery replied with telling effect. A general advance was ordered, and the enemy gave way, and the

Forty-third was first in the enemy's 'works. An artillery fire was kept up during the night by the retreating forces ; the only casualty being Lieut. Thomas, of Vaughn's Battery, slightly wounded. Toward midnight the enemy's cavalry made an unsuccessful charge on Vaughn's Battery. April 14th, after considerable skirmishing, reached Camden, and on the 17th a large train of 180 wagons was captured by the enemy. The First Kansas Regiment, co's A and D, who were escort, fought bravely, but were overpowered by superior numbers. The news of Gen. Banks' defeat having now reached them, Camden was evacuated, and the army moved toward Little Rock. At Jenkins' Ferry, met the enemy undtr Kirby Smith, and were attacked with great fury. The Forty-third Illinois and section of Vaughn's Battery being rear-guard, were first attacked. The federal loss in this battle was seven hundred men, but that of the enemy over two thousand men. The capture of three cannon was made, two of which were taken by the Second Kansas. The enemy was successfully repulsed.

Consolidated. - January 17th, 1865 : - An order of consolidation was issued by Major- General J. J. Reynolds, in command of the Department of Arkansas : " The term of service of the Forty-third having expired, the command is hereby re-organized, in accordance with the provision of circular No. 36, of 1864, of War Department, into a battalion of seven companies, each of maximum strength." * * * *

The command from this time forward until its discharge, was principally engaged in skirmishing, and doing garrison duty. The regiment was mustered out at Little Rock, November 30th, 1865, and arrived at Camp Butler, 111., December 14th, 1865, when final payment was made.

Non-Commissiioned Staff

Sergeants. Adam Graber, discharged Dec. 23, '65 ; disability. George Krig, deserted Feb. 6, 'P2. Joseph Deilz, discharged Aug. 14, '62; disability.

as sergeani. Henry Eoss, vet., trans, to co. ''A'' asconsi lidated. Ji.nes Casbner, mustered out Aug. 26, '64. John DanmuUer, died in St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 30, '63. William Bruder, discharged June 20, '62; disability. Nicholas Frank, killed at Sbiloh Ap. 6, '62. Jiewis Seigman, mustered out Aug. 14, '64. Jacob Emge, died Jan. 27, '62.

Ilicliter, Frederick died at Tipton Mo. Feb. 1, '62. iSclirothe, Henry mustered out Aug. 26, '64. Seliger, Ambio<e discharged Oct. II, '62, wounds. Seibert, Franz discharged Sept. 10, '62, wounds. Schuler, Gottlieb died at Hamburg Tenn. May 27,'02. .Stein, Josjph mustered out Aug. 24, '64. Schiilze, Adam discharged Aug. 18, '62. wounds. Sikaur, Peter vet., mustered out Nov. 30, '65. Sutter, Andreas mustered out Aug. 26, '64. Schwizer, ,Tohn.

Muster Boll Company B.

First Lieutenants. George H. Hoering, promoted to co. K. Henry Strassinger, hon'bly discharged, Feb. 27, '64. John Wolz, term expired, Sept. 26, 186-1.

Sergeants. Louis Dressier, discharged, Sept. &, 1862; wounds. Louis Weil, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Adam Pfaff, vet., promoted second Lieutenant. Frederick Eeichert, mustered out, Sept. 26, 1864.

Corporals. Adams Arres, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Joseph Kieth, mustered out, September 26, 1864. H. Liebig, Vet. Segt. , murdered on way to Little Rock. Henry Shultz, mustered out, Sept. 26, 1864, as Sergt. Conrad Lang, mustered out, September 2ti, 1864. Frederick Keil, mustered out, September 26, 1864.

Kisuss, Louis, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Kuhn, Simon, mustered out, September 20, 1864. Lepert, John, mustered out, September 20, 1864. Landgraff, John, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Mishon, George, died at Bolivar, Tenn., Aug. 28, '62. Metzger, John, died at llaincs' Bluff, June 27, 1863. Muller, John, vet., mustered out, July 7, 1805. Mohr, Frederick, mustered out, Nov. 30, 1805. Oestreicher, John, died December 25, 1801. Phertner, Jacob, discharged, Sept. 9, 1802 ; wounds. Peters, William, mustered out, Sept. 20, 1804. Rauth, John, mustered out, September 26, 1804. Riede, Joseph, died at Keokuk, April 22, '02 ; wounds. Shalter, Chris., vet., must'd out, Nov. 30, '65, as 1st

Steinmann, Henry, mustered out, Sept. 26, 1864. Shoifer, Michael, discharged, Aug. 5, 1862 ; wounds. Stock, Martin, vet., mustered out, Nov. 30, 1865. Stein, Henry, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Sator, John, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Seibert, Henry, vet., mustered out, Nov. 80, 1865. Schneider, George, died, Jan. 28, lh62. Stetlzcing, T. Conrad, killed at Sbiloh, April 6, 1862. Volbracht, Joseph, mustered out, Sept. 26, 1864. Weber, Adam, mustered out, September 26, 1864. Weitmann, John, died, April 15, 1862 ; wounds. Weber, Frederick, mustered out, Sept. 26, 1864. Zerban, Henry, mustered out, September 26, 1864.

Veterans. Bolte, Friederich, died at Little Rock, Sept. 11, 1865. Bieger, Thomas, mustered out, Nov. 30, 1865. Sommer, John, died at Little Rock, Dec. 21, 1864. Vinot, Louis, mustered out, November-30, 1865.

Sergeants. Theodore Schneider,vel.,a(cidenlally killed Sep. 7, '64 Charh-s Doll, n.ust. cut. Dec. 16,'t:4 ; as piivate. Ernst Scheidig, died April 10, 1862 ; wounds. Arnold Grob, killed at Sbiloh, April 6, 1862.

Corporals. Charles Siegrist, discharged Feb. 23, 1862 ; disability. Herman Wiegund, vet., M. O. Nov. 30, '65 ; as priv. Henry Kremer, vet., mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Fredeiick Behlock, died Aiiril 18, 1862; wounds. Henry Schroeder, vet., M. 0. Nov. 30, 1865, as priv. Edward Schaefer, discharged June 28, 1862 ; wounds.

Privates. Brenura, John mustered out Deo. 16, 1864. BawB, Adam, vet., died at Little Rock, Oct. 15, '65. Dober, Joseph killed al Hhiloli, April 6. 1862. E jkert, Gottfried discharged Sept. 9, ' 62 ; disability Fischer Charles, vet., M. O. Nov. 30, '65 ; as corporal. Frank, Herman deserted Feb. 6, 1862. Frorbel, Henry transf. to Eegt. Band, Nov. 13, 1861. Gernhaid, John died at Jackson, Ttnn., April 16, '62. Geiger, John mustered out Dec. 16, 1864. Graff.OeorgeP. killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Grass, Henry, vet., died at Little Kock, Sept. 4, '64. Hess, Louis mustered out Dec. 16, 1864. Holdener, Joseph, vet., mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Hodop, Erhard mustered out Oct. 28, 1864. Hoffman, George killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Heinrioks, Anton, mustered out, Dec. 16, 1864. Hillman, Martin, died May 30, 1862 ; wounds. Kaub, Dominick, died at St. Louis, April 20, 1862. Kopphel, William, mustered out Deo. 16, 1864. Knaft, Siegmund, wounded, deserted Aug. 18, 1862. Lielich, Henry, killed at Shiloh April 6, 1862. Lehman, Leopold , died at Helena, Ark. Aug. 8, 1863. Mayers, John, veteran, mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Myer, Andreas, " " " " "

Sendeback, John, dishon. discharged Oct. 30, 1861. Seeman, Jotin, mustered out Dec. 16, 1864. Steible, Edward, discharged June 3, 1863. Schmidt, Charles A., mustered out Dee. 16, 1864. Strittmater, Jacob, veteran, M. 0. Nov. 30,1865, sergt. Sohaefer, John, discharged May 15, 1863 ; disability.

Kranz, John, absent sick at muster out of regt. Leuchter, George, mustered out May 29, 1865. Rohrbaok, Fred., died at Little Rock, Sept. 15, 1864. Roth, Valentine, mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Schwartz, Theodore, " " "

Golenow, William, discharged Nov. 8, 1862 ; wounds. Hanmann, George, mustered out Dec. 16, 1864. Hacting, William, discharged Oct. 17, 1862 ; disability Kaeser, Joseph, died at home Aug. 16, 1863. Kuehn, Daniel, veteran, died May 15, 1864; wounds. Kochler, Emil, veteran.

Muzzarelli, Baedo, mustered out Dec. 15, '64, Ist sergt. Meiser, Emil. discharged Oct. 26, 1862. Palmtag, Louis, veteran, died Sept. 22, 1864. Rode, Henry, discharged Nov. 8, 1862 ; wounds. Bind, Henry, mustered out Dec. 16, 1864. Sternmann, Christian, vet., mustered out, Nov. 30,'65 Steitle, Frank, died (or discharged) Oct. 17, 1862. Seiring, Jacob, died at Little R(jck July 7, 1863. Schubert, Oswald, killed at Shiloh April 7, 1862. Wolf, John, discharged Nov. 2, 1862.

Recruits. Boyer, George F., mustered out, Nov. 30, 1865, Bretthauser, Oscar, corp., deserted Sept. 29, 1865. Buehele, Benjamin, mustered out May 30, 1865. Engel, Ferdinand, mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Geirs, Theodore, died at Little Rock, July 11, 1864. Hilliard, Ernst F., promoted 1st Lieut, co. K. Holler, Frank, mustered out July 7, 1865. Klinkhardt. Herman F., mustered out July 7, 1865. Lehr, George, mustered out July 7, 1865. Leibrock, Louis, mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Meyer, Peter, mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. Owen, Thos., dishon. disch. Jan. 3,'66,date Nov.30,'65 Schlesinger, Henry, mustered out July 7, 1865. Stevenson, Benjamin L., mustered out May 27, 1865. Voelker, Theodore 0., M. 0. Nov. 30, '65, as corp. Weiss, Jacob, mustered out Nov. 30, 1 865.

Non-Com.Missioned Staff Forty-Ninth Infantry

This regiment, Illinois volunteers, was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, by Col. William R. Morrison, Dec. 31st, 1861, and on the 23d Feb. was ordered to Cairo, Illinois. Was assigned to the Third Brigade, McClernand's Division, at Fort Henry, the 8th ult., and on the 11th moved to Fort Donelson. Engaged the enemy on the 13th, losing 14 killed and 37 wounded. Col. Morrison, commanding the Brigade, was among the wounded. Remaining at Donelson until March 4th, it moved to Metal Landing and two days later embarked for Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. Disembarked at Savannah, and on the 21st completed the march.

Participated in the battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, 1862, losing 17 killed and 99 wounded. Lieut. Col. Pease, commanding regiment, and Maj. Bishop, were among the latter. Was in the siege of Corinth, and June 4th, moved to Bethel ; was assigned to Brig. Gen. John A. Logan's First Division, District of Jackson - Maj. Gen. John A. McClernand commanding.

Moved from Bethel, Tenn., by rail, March 10th, 1863, to Germantown, and on the 12th to White Station, and was assigned to the Fourth Brigade, Col. W. W. Sanford; First Division, Brig. Gen. W. S. Smith ; Sixteenth Army Corps - Maj. Gen. S A. Hurlbut commanding. Joined Gen. F. Steele's expedition to Little Rock, Ark , at Helena, Aug 21st, and on the 28th, was assigned to Col. True's Brigade, and Sept. 2d, joined the main Army at Brownsville, Ark. Nov. 10th, assisted in the capture of Little Rock. On the 15th, moved by rail via Duvall's Bluff, to Memphis, arriving Nov. 21st, 1863.

January 15th, 1864, three-fourths of the regiment re-enlisted, and were mustered as veteran volunteers, assigned to the Third Brigade, Col S. H. Wolf, Third Division, Brig. Gen. A. J. Smith of the Sixteenth Army Corps.