Washington County, Illinois - Chapter 11, 1879

Early History Of Methodism Of Washington Co By Rev. L. F. Cullom

BOUT the year 1819, Daniel Whittenburg, Joseph Whittenburg, | John Phillips, George Lowe and their families, emigrated from I East Tennessee and located near the present village of Beaucoup; j soon after their arrival, Daniel Whittenburg, being a local min- | ister of the M. E. Church, proceeded to organize the first society of this de¬ nomination in the county. The spot now occupied by the M. E. Church I building at Beaucoup, was chosen and set apart by the above named parties, ! as the most suitable place for the location of church and camp-ground.

The first building was of logs, and for years resounded with the happy songs and jubilant praises, of those early pioneers, " as from pure hearts fer¬ vently" they worshiped God. This appointment of the church became the headquarters of Methodism in this part of Illinois, and retained this promi¬ nence for a good many years.

The camp-meetings .held at this point became an annual attraction, the peo- > pie coming forty and fifty miles to attend them, and it is believed through the instrumentality of these historic meetings of the church a good was ac¬ complished that has been permanent. As to the early ministers of those days, very little information can be obtained; associated with the name of Rev. Daniel Whittenburg, are those of Revs. Orcenith Fisher, Simeon Walter, and a gentleman by the name of Houts, - some of the preachers who labored for the salvation of souls in those early days. That apostle of pio¬ neer preachers, Rev. Peter Cartwright also, proclaimed the gospel of peace ' during a transient stay among the people, about the year 1844. |

The organization of the church in Nashville is said by the oldest inhabi- j tants of the county to be contemporary with the commencement of the city itself about the year 1830-31.

Zenas Vernor and family moved to Nashville about the year 1833, and ac- J cording to the statement of Mrs. Vernor, who is still living, there was at that ' time but seven, families in the place; a Methodist class was then organ¬ ized at the house of Rev. Orcenith Fisher, a local minister, and that Rev. Simeon Walker was the pastor of the little flock, visiting and preaching for them once in fbu* weeks. Some of the-early members of this class were, Orcenith Fisher and family, Nicolas Darter and family, Zenas Vernor and family, Jacob Goodlier and family, David Ramsey and family, Livesay Car¬ ter and family, Samuel Anderson and family, Fletcher Watts and family.

The first church building erected in Nashville was placed upon lots near the centre of the city, deeded to the church by Zenas Vernor; according to the best information obtainable, this house, whose time-honored walls still stand, was erected about the year 1840; this house is of brick. I

A parsonage was built immediately adjoining the church about ten years later, whose walls have long since perished. A new one however is now in I course of building on the same site. ,

Up to the fall of 1852 the Methodist organizations of Washington county were under the control of the Illinois Conference; at that time, by vote of that ecclesiastical body the Conference was divided, and the Southern Illinois Conference was formed, and these societies fell under the jurisdiction of the newly formed Conference.

The succession of pastors from that time to the present we have been able ; to obtain - for the circuit until the station was formed, and for the station up i to the present 1851-2, Rev. J. A. Robinson; 1852-3, Rev. John Thatcher; | 1853-4,Rev. John Thatcher; 1854-5, Revs. Henry Allyn and Z. R. Piercy; . 1855-6, Henry Allyn and Z. R. Fiercy; soon after Conference Henry Allyn died, and his place was supplied by Rev. Simeon Walker; 1856-7, Rev. J.

The M. E. Church at Richview was first organized at the home of Samuel White, about two and a half miles from the present town. A beautiful grove on this gentleman's farm was selected for a campground, and dedica¬ ted to Him who dwells not alone in temples made with hands, but who con¬ descends to meet and bless his people when their hearts are contrite and their penitence sincere.

These pious pioneers continued to worship God in the home of Mr. White and beneath the shadows of the tented grove until the year 1842, at which time the first church house was built in old Richview, and immediately there¬ after the society at Mr. White's and a small society which had been formed at John Tate's, became members of this church. Some of the members of this newly formed society were Samuel White and family, W. H. White and family, Thomas Livesay and family, "William Livesay and family.

Among the names of ministers who served this society either in the capa¬ city of pastor or local preacher, we give the following, viz.: Rev. G. W. Robbins, Rev. Simeon Walker, Rev. D. Whittenburg, Rev. Orcenith Fisher, Rev. James Walker, Rev. W. W. Mitchell, Rev. David Caughlin, Rev. W. B. Bruner, Rev. Levi S. Walker, Rev. Eugene May, Rev. C. Lathrop, Rev. W. F. Whitaker, Rev. J. W. Lowe. These are only a few of the names of the many excellent men of God who have lived and labored here.

At this place still lives, at the home of his son, Rev. Simeon Walker, spending the evening of a well-spent life in quiet and peace; from this place the Rev. W. W. Mitchell was taken up to the more excellent glory.

Liberty Church, in Washington county, was organized in 1831; its pro¬ minent members were, David S. White, Lewis Tate, James Locke. Beyond the names of these persons and the date of this organization, no other fact of noteworthy importance has been obtained.

The venerable George Lowe, now an honored member of the church at Richview, informs me that in 1832 he found a society of Methodists at the home of Alex. Anderson, the principal members of which were, Alex. Ander¬ son, Roberson Logan, John Darter, and John Livesay.

The dates of the organization of the M. E. Church at Ashley, Irvington and Okawville, I have not been able to obtain. The names of some of the ministers who have served these people have however been obtained:

There are without doubt numbers of names that ought to appear here in this roster that are not here. The writer of this sketch only came to this county a few months ago, and therefore is personally unacquainted with the early or later history of the church, and has only obtained the facts here collated by the most careful gleaning. It is however hoped that this narra¬ tive is in the main correct.

By Rev. H. Buchmueller

There are eight churches in Washington county, more or less connected with the German Evangelical Synod of North America. Three are members of said Synod, and four more receive their ministers from said Synod. One church in the county is an out-parish up to this time. Seven settled ministers of the German Evangelical Synod of North America preach the gospel regu¬ larly to 'well attended congregations. The Theological Seminary of th is Synod is near Marthasville, Warren couuty, Missouri, built in 1849 and 1850. One of the first students of this Seminary was Rev. Charles Witte, and was sent to Washington county in the summer of 1851.

At that time the county was thinly settled and the Germans gathered from near and far whenever a minister occasionally came to preach the gospel, in a school-house or even in a farm-house. The Germans of the Grand prairie to the number of twenty-five concluded to build a church, and then have their own minister and regular Sunday service. They elected Rev. Charles Witte for their minister and organized as: ington County, Illinois, and a constitution was adopted. The church was a plain frame building without pews. Two long trestles on each side of the I church and planks across were the seats; but we were happy in having the word of God every Sunday. A board-partition separated a room in which Rev. C. Witte lived. In 1853, a parsonage was built. On Sunday afternoon Rev. C. Witte preached also at Plum Hill, and near Nashville. In the spring of 1857, Rev. C. Witte left the county, and the congregation elected Rev.

H. Buehrig, but he was always sickly here, and in order to restore his health he left for a northern clime. In 1859, Rev. A. Mueller was elected. The congregation grew so, that the need of a larger church was felt. And as some of the members lived a great distance from this church, they parted | and built a new church at Okawville, and Rev. A. Mueller followed the call of the new congregation in 1863. For a longer time then Rev. F. Daries preached here in the St. Paul's church as out-parish from Plum Hill. In 1865, the congregation elected Rev. Chr. Mohr, who worked faithfully some nine years. Since 1876, Rev. J. G. Hanger is minister of this church. The congregation has church, parsonage, grave-yard, and some land. The mem¬ bership is some thirty families. This congregation is a member of the Ger¬ man Evangelical Synod of North America.

2. German Evangelical St. John's Church of Plum Hill, Washington County, Illinois. Rev. C. Witte preached on Sunday afternoons in different school-houses between Plum Hill and Nashville. The fruit of his labor was the organisation of two new congregations. In February, 1854, the St. John's congregation was organized with the above name. A constitution was delib¬ erated and adopted by twenty-one members. The congregation elected four trustees, viz: J. H. Ankesheil, J. H. Renken, J. F. Mangenalker, and F. H. Schorf heide. It was determined to build a frame church on the north-east corner of Mr. J. F. Mangenalker's land, and four acres of land were obtained.

A committee was appointed to take subscriptions for the church. In the spring of 1855, the church was finished and dedicated. Then a parsonage was built. The first minister was Rev. G. Maul, who came in June, 1855, and left in January, 1859. His .successor was Rev. M. Kruse, from March, 1859, until February, 1865. The congregation then elected Rev. Fr. Daries, June, 1865. In 1875, it was concluded to build a new church of brick, with steeple. The old one to be altered for a school-house. In October, 1875, the new and well finished, one of the finest of our churches in the county, was dedicated. The Church had an expense of 19,201. Rev. Fr. Daries could not long enjoy the new church; his heavenly Lord hastened home with bis faithful servant. He dial January 21st, 1876. At present Rev. Fr. Doehring is minister since June, 1876. The membership is fifty.

3. German Evangelical St. Paul's Church of Nashville, Washington County, Illinois. On the 18th day of July, 1854, a meeting was held in the house of Mr. J. Hoffman near Nashville, to organize a congregation. A constitution was unanimously adopted by nine members. The following members were elected first trustees of The St. Paul's church: Fr. Krughoff, E. H. Hoffman,

H. Buhrman, and John E. Hoffman. Also a committee was appointed to take subscriptions for a church. August 21st, 1854, it was concluded by the members of the church to build a frame church in the north-east part of Nashville. In October, 1854, the congregation elected Rev. M. Kruse as minister. At the same time the church was to be built, and to get the pine lumber eight wagons were sent to St. Louis to get the same. The Presbyterian congregation of Nashville opened kindly their church for the members of the St. Paul's church to hold their Sunday meetings. In the spring of 1855, the church was finished, and a small parsonage was built near the church. Rev.

M. Kruse received a call to the St. John's church at Plum Hill, and followed the same in March, 1859. In June, 1859,the St. Paul's church joined the Evangelical Synod of North America, and became a member of said Synod. Rev. L. Austmann was elected minister, and came in October, 1859, and continued till March, 1866. In the year 1861, a number of families living in the North prairie organized an out-parish of the St. Paul's church, and built a church by father Krughoff. Rev. L. Austmann preached there every two weeks in the afternoon. At an assembly held January 12th, 1863, all the mem¬ bers of the St. Paul's church living in North prairie were honorably dismissed to form their own congregation. After Rev. L. Austmann had left, the con¬ gregation had for a long time no minister, and Rev. F. Karbach preached the gospel every tw o weeks. The parsonage had been enlarged, and improve¬ ments were made onthe property. In September, 1866, Rev. J. Rapp followed the call of the congregation. At the same time the congregation concluded to enlarge the church by building a school-room to the church, with steeple, and also a bell was bought. Rev. J. Rapp followed a call of the congrega¬ tion at Central City and Centralia, in September, 1868. The St. Paul's church elected Rev. J. G. Stanger, and he came in January, 1869, and stayed till June, 1876. In the vacation Rev. L. v. Ragu6 preached in the evenings for about three months. Rev. Father Koerving was here preaching as vicar. In December, 1876, Rev. H. Buchmueller followed the call of the congregation, and is working there since. The St. Paul's church has forty members. The church property without any debt

4. The German Evangelical St. Lucas Church was organized in the spring of 1861. In 1862, the congregation built a church five and one-half miles south-west of Nashville, on the Elkton road. Rev. P. Altmueller preached as an out-parish from Elkhom prairie. In January, 1863, the church, a frame building, was dedicated, and on the same day the installation of Rev. H. Erni took place. After his departure, Rev. P. Stumpf was minister till the spring of 1868. Then came I. Kaminski till October 1,1871. In January, 1872, Rev. J. Schlundt followed the call of the congregation, and is working there faith¬ fully and patiently. In 1877, the congregation enlarged the parsonage. The membership is twenty-two.

5. The German Evangelical St. Peter's Church at Okawville , Washington County, Illinois, was organized by Rev. A. Mueller in 1863. The first mem¬ bers had been a part of the first Evangelical St. Paul's church at Okawville, or Grand prairie. The congregation built a brick church and brick parson¬ age. In 1869, Rev. A. Mueller received a call of a congregation at St Louis, and left Okawville. His successor was Rev. G. Maul till 1872. In the fall of 1872, Rev. F. Schulz was elected, and is working there at present. The congregation numbers fifty-one members.

6. In 1863, a part of the St. Paul's church of Nashville, living in North prairie, constituted and organized a filial congregation. A church was built, and parsonage also, as property of the German Evangelical Zion Church in North Prairie. The constitution was subscribed in 1865. At the same time the first minister of this church, Rev. Ph. Karbach came. The congregation grew in the following years and received many new members. As the most of the members lived around Hoyleton, it was concluded to re-organize the congregation and build a new church at Hoyleton. A brick building was erected, designed for a school-house, but to be used for church until a new church could be built. The parsonage was moved to Hoyleton. In Novem¬ ber, 1874, Rev. Ph. Karbach left the congregation, and in December, 1874, Rev. L. v. Ragu6 followed the call and is working there at present. In January, 1879, the congregation determined to build a new church of brick, and the lumber of the first church at father Krughoff's to be used as much as possible. Subscriptions are being taken, and it is hoped that the church will be finished this year. This congregation is a member of the German Evangelical Synod of North America. The congregation numbers ninety families at and around Hoyleton.

The Zion's church is also co-manager of the Seminary at Hoyleton, and elects half the number of the trustees. In connection with the Zion's church is an institution of young ladies as a boarding-school conducted by Mrs. Grabau. This institution was erected in 1876, and is doing a good work.

7. The German Evangelical Zion's Church at Addieville, Washington County, Illinois. This congregation was organized by the first minister, Rev. J. Haack, in the summer of 1871. A constitution was adopted and subscribed by thirty four members. It also was concluded that a frame church should be built 32x56 feet, with steeple, and a parsonage 16x24 feet. In July, 1872, the members concluded to build a frame school-house 22x34 feet, for a Ger¬ man school. At the close of the year 1874, the congregation had expended for these buildings 85,240. In 1875, a new school district was formed in connection with the German school, so that the children have weekly three days English, and two days German tuition. In 1876, an organ was bought for the church. Rev. J. Haack left the congregation in May, 1876. His suc¬ cessor was Rev. J. Lang, September, 1876. As the parsonage was very small the congregation enlarged the same in 1877, by building more rooms to it.

On June 30th, 1877, the lightning struck the steeple of the church, tore some of the boards off the steeple, sprang across the roof, tore several hun¬ dred shingles off, but without more damage. Rev. J. Lang is working here at present. The membership is fifty-four.

8. The German Evangelical St. Marcus' Church at Du Bois , Washington County, Illinois. This congregation was organized in 1875, by Rev. J. Kramer. A constitution was adopted, and subscribed by eighteen members. This church is an out-parish of Du Quoin up to this time. In 1875-1876 a frame church was built at Du Bois, and in May, 1876, dedicated. The membership is now twenty-six. In December, 1878, Rev. J. Kramer followed the call of a congregation at New Orleans, La., and Rev. R. John, Jr., preaches

Baptist Church By Rev W. H. Garner

In the history of the Baptist denomination in Illinois we find that the first Baptist Church, and it is said to have been the first Christian Church in Ilfinois, was organized at New Design, then in St. Clair county, February 28th, 1796. It was organized by Elder David Badgley, aided by Joseph Chance. It was composed of twenty-eight members, who were scattered through the American settlements for a considerable distance. Through the efforts of the ministers of this church Elders Badgely, Chance, James Lemon, Sen., and John Simpson, aided after 1818 by the faithful missionary Elder, J. M. Peck, many of the churches of Southern Illinois were gathered. The three most closely connected with Washington county were Joseph Chance, David Badgley, and J. M. Peck. Of the first we find this record : "Joseph Chance was a good man, loved religious meetings, was faithful to his appointments, and performed much itinerant service at his own expense." He was ordained in 180 ), and while on a preaching tour through the country died in Washington County, Illinois, April 20th, 1840, aged seventy-five years. Elder Peck, in his many trips through the country, is remembered as having preached to the earlier churches. Of Elder Badgley we shall speak again.

The first Baptist Church in Washington county, Mr. Greenville Roun¬ tree informs us, was organized at the house of Benj. Chesney, in the west end of the county, by Elders Wm. Rountree and David Badgley, and others. As Elder Badgley died in St. Clair County December 16th, 1824, the church must have been organized prior to this date. It afterwards took the name of Grand Prairie Church. Having become extinct it was dropped from the minutes of the Nine Mile Association in the fall of 1868. The second church we find at Elkton. The records of the first organization are not now in the county, but a second church of the same name, " Baptist Church of Christ at Elkton," was organized July 3d, 1842, and the records of this church show that Elder Wm. Rountree, John S. Brown, and Nathan Arnett were received into the church by permission of the old Elkton Church. The ministers constituted the organizing council. There were thirty-one (31) constituent members

Elder Arnett was elected Pastor; Wm. J. Cunningham, Chief Clerk; A. G. Jackson and Joseph Kinyon, Deacons. The last record of this church bears the date June 1st, 1867.

Lively Grove

In the fall of 1866 a church was organized at Lively Grove, of which the constituent members James R. Laney, A. J. Laney, W. R. Land, F. M. Land, Mary A. Laney, Margaret A. Laney, Nancy J. Laney, Sarah Land, and Susan Land had been members of the Elkton Church. The council organizing this church consisted of Elders John H. Spauldin, Joseph Gaskill, and W. H. Hutchings. They have had as Pastors: Elders A. J. Steven¬ son, David Huggins, W. S. Gee, and J. C. Wilson. They erected a church house in the fall of 1873. Present membership, 49.

The Concord Church was organized December 5th, 1841, by the Rev. Peter Hagler, who, in a sketch of his life and ministry writes: "As the result of my out-station labors, there is Qoncord Church which was taken from Nine Mile," Perry County. It may seem a long distance from the parent church, but he tells us "the people would come five, ten, and fifteen miles to those humble meetings." The six constituent members: John R. Hutchings, Deliah Hutchings, Jordan Stilley, Mary Stilley, T. H. B. Jones, and Jerusha Jones, now numbered with the dead. There have been 405 additions to the membership, which now numbers 80. The Pastors have been: Elders Peter Hagler, J. R. Hutchings, J. S. Brown, J. B. Faulkner, P. W, Jones, D. Huggins, W. W. Hutchings, and Alex. Rice, present Pastor. W. W. Hutchings was ordained at the call of this church, September 22, 1861; was their Pastor about fourteen years. Their first church house was built in the spring of 1851, but was destroyed by fire February, 1870. A second house, 36x26, fourteen feet high, well furnished and neatly painted, was built. It was dedicated December 20, 1872.

The church at Dubois was constituted about twenty years ago, under the labors of Peter Hagler. In the Council were Elders Hagler, Wm. Thornton, and perhaps others. Among their Pastors are Elders Rice, Tilley, Williams, and Adams. They have a good frame meeting-house. Present member¬ ship, 26.

Mid Prairie

From the church book of the Mud Prairie Church we have this record: "Saturday, January 8th, 1870, 11 o'clock, a. m. The congregation met at the school-house in section (36), township (3), S. R. (2), W. 3d P. M. R., Wash¬ ington County, Illinois, appointed Elder W. W. Hutchings, Moderator; Elder A. Rice, Clerk of present meeting; and organized with twenty mem¬ bers. Deacons W. H. McElhanan and T. J. Rice were present from other churches. Pastors: Elders A. Rice, W. W. Hutchings, and V. Senter. Present members, 88.

The Baptist Church at Irvington was organized in the spring of 1866, with seven (7) members. Organizing Council: Elders I. S. Mahan and J. Peters. First Pastors: Elder I. S. Mahan, his successor and present incum¬ bent, Elder J. Peters. Present membership 40. House of worship, a neat frame. Dedicated July 20, 1867.

At Ashley a church was organized the second Sabbath in May, 1863, and was recognized June 28, 1863, by a council from Duquoin, Riehview, Horse Prairie, and Mt. Pleasant Churches. Early in 1866 a house of wor¬ ship was erected and dedicated to the service of God, June 10th, 1866. Among their Pastors we find the names of David Huggins, J. W. Brooks,

At a convention in the village of Nashville, Washington County, Illinois, on the seventeenth (17) day of May, 1855, a Baptist Church was organized by Elders D. Huggins and E. M. Brown. Sermon by Elder Huggins. Bible presented to the church by Elder Brown. The constituent members were Hardy M. McCoy, Sterling Brown, J. W. Farmer, Margaret A. Far¬ mer, Martha Brown, Mary J. Lamb, Betsey A. Martin, Anny Kimbro, E S- McCoy, and Rebecca Bryant. It was styled, " First Baptist Church of Christ in Nashville." Its Deacons were: J. W. Farmer, John Foster, S. Brown, and still later, Robert T. Coffey, now T of Ashley. Elder D. Huggins served the Church as Pastor three years. ' Elder E. Jayne, one year, in 1859. Elder T. A. Morton was elected Pastor, and continued to serve the church a part of the time up to his death, which occurred at his home near Carbondale about July 20th, 1867. Elder Morton was a native of Scotland, and moved to this country while in the prime of life. He was above the average preacher, was educated in Scotland for a lawyer, but preferring the ministry he gave himself wholly to the study of the Bible and the work of preaching. This organization became extinct in 1868 or '69. A second church was organized in 1870, which Elder D. C. Adams served as Pastor for a few months, and having no Pastor the organization again went down.

In 1873 the church was again organized through the efforts of Elder W. H. Carner, with the following membership: K. C. Mason, Ellen Mason, James Ervin, Lena Ervin, J. M. Mason, L. J. Mason, Nancy Wright, Lucy Walker, E. Gosney, and Jane B. Rountree. One hundred and ten (110) have been added to the membership. Present number, 74. Elder Carner became our Pastor November 3d, 1873, and is still with us, having labored faithfully for the good of the cause. By the aid of many kind friends through the country a house of worship was built during the year 1874, and dedicated November 1st, 1874, Rev. J. Bulkley preaching the dedicatory sermon. The house is of brick; size, 32x50; height to ceiling, 16 feet. Cost about $3,000.

Of the remaining churches I have only'the minutes of the Nine Mile Association as a guide to their history The Grant Point and Mt. Pleasant Churches are among the oldest churches in the county. The first is the church home of the Faulkners and the Jolliffs. Both churches shared largely in the labors of Elder Huggins, who came to Washington county in 1852, and remained here until his death April 23d, 1877. Both of these churches have houses of worship. Present number at Grand Point, 85; at Mt. Pleasant, 36; Oak Hill, 30; Pleasant Grove, 43; Riehview, 53.

By Rev. William Koenecke

The Germans have become a prominent element in the population of Washington county, fhe first marked movement of German emigrants to establish homes in this county was followed up by the German missionaries of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The first missionary visiting this terri¬ tory came from the contiguous county of St. Clair. He established regular preaching places among the settlers in Grand Prairie, Little Prairie and Crooked Creek.

The accommodation in Grand Prairie not being sufficient to meet the wants of the community, the people who heard the missionary gladly united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and proceeded to erect the first Ger¬ man Methodist Church of Washington county. It was of course a small one, but still sufficient for their day.

In the fall of 1853 the several appointments in the county were united and organized according to the discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church into a circuit, and a minister appointed to serve the same. Rev. Peter Hinners being the first preacher in charge and Rev. Henry Koeneke the supervising Presiding Elder.

At the first meeting for organization the membership numbered 22. These with a commendable zeal determined to plant themselves firmly by uniting to build a parsonage at the county seat, as centre for future work. Before the year closed the preacher had occupied the home of the circuit.

In the following year (1854) a neat church was built near Crooked Creek, now known as the North Prairie Church, in Covington Precinct, the leading spirits of which were Christian Brink, Fred. Hake, Ernst Hake and Louis Huck.

Up to 1858 the German Methodists of Nashville had held their meetings in private houses or homes of the several members. Although having a home for*their preacher they had no home for themselves as a Christian Church.

After bearing these inconveniences for a period of four years they resolved to have a church as a necessary adjunct to their development, and a frame structure was the result, amply accommodating membership and friends that wished to worship together. For eighteen years the society developed in this new home until finally their house became too small, and another ad¬ vance movement became an imperative necessity.

In the Centennial year the old structure was torn down, and on its site was reared the present handsome brick church. The whole membership with commendable liberality bore the necessary sacrifice, and on dedication day, which occurred December 11th, 1876, had the proud satisfaction of knowing that their house of worship was free of all encumbrance. The church with its surroundings speaks not only for the interest the society has for the up¬ building of the kingdom of Christ, but is also an ornament to the city in which it stands. In the same year the society at Hoyleton erected a house of worship.

The year following, the societies having strengthened, it was found advis¬ able to employ two preachers upon the work in the county. The Nashville Church therefore asked and obtained a stationed pastor. The rest of the church circuit was organized and became known as the North Prairie and Hoyleton Circuit

Considering the changed state, the North Prairie Society proceeded to erect a neat parsonage contiguous to their church, and thereby made a new home and centre for future undertakings in the advancement of the interest of the church.

We now proceed to give a list of supervising Presiding Elders and pastors that have served the church in Washington county since its commencement in 1853 up to the present time.

Presbyterian Church By Rev. John C. Wagaman

The committee appointed at a previous session of the Kaskaskia Presbytery to organize the church consisted of Rev. John Mathews and Rev. John Montgomery.

The parties desiring organization met with the committee at Sawyer's Point and signed the necessary covenants. Their names were, Cyrus Sawyer, James B. Sawyer, Stephen Balch, A. P. Balch, Rebecca Sawyer, Prudence Sawyer, Emeline Balch.

An election for ruling elders resulted in the choice of Cyrus Sawyer, J. B. Sawyer, and Stephen Balch. They were ordained on the 11th of November following by Rev. John Mathews, their first minister.

On the 3d of November, 1837, Rev. Cyrus Riggs succeeded Rev. Mathews as pastor of the church. The society continued to grow slowly but steadily. In August, 1846, Rev. William Gardiner succeeded Mr. Riggs, and sup¬ plied the church with preaching for one year. He was followed by Rev. John S. Howell, in July, '48, and served the church until April, 1850.

On the 12th April, 1849, members of the church met at the house of Hugh Adams, and James Wilson was chosen to the office of ruling elder, and ordained by Mr. Howell. As the church increased in membership and ma¬ terial wealth, it was deemed necessay to add more officers, and in April, 1850, Geo. S. Lyon was made an elder, and in the following year, *51, Hugh Adams was chosen an elder. The county seat having been located at Nash¬ ville, which was not far from Sawyer's Point, it was deemed advisable to move the place of preaching to the town. The church obtained leave of the Presbytery to change the name from Elkhorn to Nashville Presbyterian Church. In the absence of any church building the residence of Mr. Zenas Vernor was used as a place of worship when not occupied by the Methodists.

In 1851, a frame building was erected near the center of the town as a place of worship, on a corner lot opposite the Court House Square, at a cost of about $1,400; this, however, was not the whole cost of the church, which would have been greater had not several of the members donated their labor to aid its erection. Some of the lumber was hauled by ox teams from a saw mill in Jackson County.

Mr. Gardiner continued his labors with the church and removed from Car¬ lyle to Nashville. He became infirm in health, and was not able to preach in the new church although it was built under his auspices. He died January 3d, 1852. The charge remained vacant until April, 1853, when Rev. A. D. Wallace was invited to supply the pulpit for one year, and in June, 1854, he was regularly installed as pastor of the church. He was the first regularly installed pastor, although the church had enjoyed preaching at stated times for about twenty-two years.

The first record of the Kaskaskia Presbytery meeting with the Nashville Church is April 8th, 1853, and the following statistics appear in the session book: Members added on certificate, 4. Total in communion, 38. Infant baptism, 1. Number of families, 20. Monies collected for Domestic Mis¬ sions, $12. Foreign Missions, $12. Presbytery tax, $4. Congregational, $360. Mr. Wallace continued to serve the church until April, 1863. He was succeeded by the Rev. A. N. Darsey, who filled the pastorate until the spring of 1854,when owing to ill health he was compelled to cease preaching. His successor was the venerable Mr. Stafford, one of the early pioneer preachers. He remained with the church during the year and was followed by the Rev. William Bridgman, of Ohio, who preached one year, and was succeeded by the Rev. T. D. Davis, who likewise preached a year. On the 1st December, 1868, Rev. J. C. Wagainan was called to the pastorate and remained until May, 1872. The church continued to grow iu numbers, in¬ fluence, and material wealth.

In 1872 Mr. Wagaman gave up the charge, being in bad health, after which a young man named Henderson supplied the pulpit for a few months, and was succeeded by the Rev. Wrn. Rodgers, and he bv Rev. A. K. Crowe, who remained but a short time. Mr. Tucker, a licentiate, was employed to preach, and was in a short time succeeded bv Rev O. S. Thompson. The church under his charge continued to thrive. There were likewise added to the eldership, L. M. Sewall. <1. \V. Cone, C. F. Hartman, while L. Krughoff and Janu s Anderson were chosen deacons.

Mr. Thompson being called to the Belleville Presbyterian Church, the pulpit remained vacant for a season, when Rev. H. (). Tucker returned and was employed to preach. He served the church about a year. The recent financial embarrassment affected the church, and it continued without a regular pastor for some time. Meantime the Sabbath-school was carried on under the superintendence of Cioorge & Anderson; and the prayer-meeting was also kept up. During 1878 the pulpit was supplied by Rev. Ph W. Clark, of Rich view. Mr. Wagaman having returned to Nashville has also preached occasionally, and during the winter of , 78-'79 has preached alter¬ nate Sabbaths.

The members composing this organization were taken entirely from the roll of the Nashville Presbyterian Church. They were mainly the families of Mr. Hugh Adams, Mr. J. Duncan, Mr. J. Wilson, Mrs. Anderson, Mr. John Bovle, and Mr. George Henderson, in all twenty-five persons. Preach¬ ing by Presbyterian ministers had been kept up at the residence of Mr. Hugh Adams for over thirty years. On the 31st of May, 1872, the com¬ mittee appointed by the Presbytery of Cairo, consisting of Rev. I. Stebbins, Rev. J. C. Wagaman, the pastor, and elder J. J. lawyer, met at the new church, near the residence of Hugh Adams. They dismissed the parties de¬ sirous of going into the new organization from the Nashville Church.

Hugh Adams and J. Duncan were elected elders. A neat and comfortaable church building had been erected for the organization. The house was dedicated in the fall of 1872, by Rev. C. Foote, of St. Louis. Mr. Wagaman resigned the charge and moved north, when Rev. W. Templeton was called and continued preaching until 1877, when the pulpit became vacant. At the present writing Mr. Wagaman is supplying the pulpit.

Rich View Presbyterian Church

This church was organized about 1863. Known as the First Presbyterian Church of Rich view. Prof. R. G. Williams, then in charge of the seminary at that place, and also a licentiate of Palestine Presbytery, supplied them with preaching for a time. The original members numbered about twentyfive. They erected a commodious brick edifice, which was dedicated in 1865. They have had the services of different ministers, among whom were Mr. Bridgman and Mr. Buck. In 1869 Dr. Candcl was called and installed in June of that year, by the committee, Messrs. Stebbiu and Wagaman, who tilled the pulpit until his death. At the present writing Rev. E. W. Clark, Professor iu the Washington Seminary, is supplying the pulpit.

A few Presbyterians living in Dubois were organized into a Presbyterian church about five years ago, with Mr. Bunce as elder. Rev. G. W. Ash has been their stated supply for some time, but at present the preaching is only occasional.

By Rev. G. T. Nichols

Rev. Lucileus Aspley, now of the St. Louis Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, may be said to have been the founder of this Church in Washington County. His first labor was in a grove, near the City of Nashville, in the summer of 1864. He soon organized a society of about thirty persons. The organization soon went down for the want of a pastor, and it was not until the winter of 1866, when Rev. B. R. Hester, formerly of the Louisville Conference, came to the county, and assumed charge of the work, that the organization showed any indications of growth or pros¬ perity. In the spring of 1867, through the zealous efforts of Mr. Hester, their present church in Nashville was built. Mr. Hester continued in charge until the meeting of conference in Nashville, when Rev. M. R. Gohagan was appointed to succeed him This was the first regular, annual conference of the M. E. Church South, held in the State. The following gentlemen served in the order named, in the capacity of pastor: Revs. T. B. Harben, J. H. Garrett, when Rev. Hester was again returned. His admin¬ istration this year was characterized by signal prosperity to the church, the year closing amidst a religious revival. Since then the following pastors have served: Revs. A. L. Davis, A. W. Smith and G. W. Gillmore. The aggregate membership at present is about 160, and the Church as well as the Sunday-school connected with it are in a prosperous condition.

Ashley Church. In January, 1867, Revs. Hester and John W. Westcott organized the first society of the M. E. Church South in the town of Ashley. During the summer and autumn the meetings were held in the grove adjacent to the town. On the approach of winter active steps were taken by Rev, Hester and others, which resulted in the erection of the commodious and neatly finished edifice in which they now worship.

The organization was made at the house of L. T. Templeton, and the original members were: Robert S. Brown, Mary A. Brown, Sarah Brouder, L. T. Templeton, Elizabeth Y. Templeton, Margaret T. Cooper, Sarah E. Blankenship and Ollie S. Brown.

Wesley Chapel. In January, 1868, a society was organized at this place by Rev. Hester. A commodious house of worship was erected in a very short time upon land donated by Major John White. It was dedicated soon after by Elder J. W. Westcott.

Old Richview Church. This society purchased the brick Church building of the M. E. Church at Old Richview, and is now numbered as one of the standard appointments of the conference.

The present membership of the M. E. Church South in Washington County, is about 500; there are four church buildings, four Sunday-schools with about 300 scholars. The estimated value of church property is $8000. Whatever good results are achieved by this church in the county, the credit may mainly be ascribed to Rev. R. B. Hester. He organized the first society, organized or assisted to organize every society in the county. He has served them all in the capacity of Pastor, and has labored zealously in the cause of God and his church, in this county for thirteen years, and is now finishing up his fourth year as Presiding Elder of Ashley district. No man enjoys, more, the confidence of the people where he is known, and none are held in higher esteem as a Christian gentleman.

By Rev. Father Busch

The first Roman Catholic Church, organized in this county was in Lively Grove Precinct, in 1867, when a substantial church edifice was erected at

Father Turck was the first Priest, to officiate for the church; he served for one and a half years. After him came Father Rosmoller, who .emained about five years. He was succeeded by the present Priest, A. Busch. The Church has a membership of about fifty families. Father Busch is a native of Westphalia, Prussia. He came to America in 1836, since which time he has been engaged in the ministry, at various places.

Cumberland Presbyterian Church Of Ashley

In the early history of the town of Ashley, religious services were occa¬ sionally held at the houses of the citizens by Rev. Dr. Finley of Salem, and later by Rev. Henry M. Phelps, both of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Afterwards and before they had any church buildings, the services were held in the Rail Road Depot buildings.

The M. E. Church building having been built by the aid of all the citizens, it was for a long time regarded as a "Union Church." All the Cumberland Presbyterians with all other denominations were permitted to occupy it. The society was organized in I860, with Samuel Jack, Sr., Wm. D. Mitchell and James P. Haynes, Ruling Elders; and a membership of thirty.

In the spring of 1863, Rev. C. Y. Hudson, a Cumberland Presbyterian minister removed to the vicinity, and was called to the pastorate of the Church. He ministered to the congregation until the fall of 1867, when he was called to a pastorate in Central Illinois. During Mr. Hudson's adminis¬ tration the Church prospered, the membership reaching forty-five, and at one time had sufficient funds subscribed to erect a church building, but from want of agreement among members as to the dimensions and style of the structure it was indefinitely postponed, and the project has never been consummated.

Bt Rev. M. Eirich

In the same year a small Church-building was erected. Mr. Scholz con¬ tinued his labors with this charge, until 1860, when he resigned to accept a call to other fields.

He was succeeded by Rev. F. Huesemann. The German-speaking popu¬ lation had by this time greatly increased in this part of the county, and consequently the accessions to the church had been numerous. The old church-edifice was found too small to accommodate the congregation, and a large and commodious building was built in 1861. This building is of stone and is 75 by 45 feet, with galleries on three sides. Its seating capacity is over 800. It has a'large organ, and a bell that weighs more than 2000 lbs.

In 1864, Rev. Huesemann died, and in 1865 Rev. M. Eirich was appointed to the charge, who has served continuously ever since, and is the present Pastor.

Adjacent to and in connection with the Church is a large substantial brick school-house, the dimensions of which are 50 by 32 feet. The school is under the direction of the Church, and has an average attendance of 150 pupils. It was erected in 1878

The Reformed Presbyterian Church, O. Bt Rev. D. G. Thompson

In 1831, the families of John and Archibald Hood, and James and Thomas McClurken, emigrated from South Carolina and settled in Elkhorn Prairie, Washington County. These families formed the nucleus around which was organized the first, and only Church of the denomination, named at the heading of this chapter.

They were for a considerable time after their settlement without a preacher, and their religious services consisted of social meetings held at each other's homes.

In 1833 they were joined by three families of their brethren and former neighbors, from South Carolina. For more than a year after this they were without preaching.

In 1834, they were visited by Rev. David Steele, who was appointed to this charge by the Pittsburg Presbytery. This gentleman organized the congregation at the house of Archibald Hood in July, 1834. The elders were John and Thomas McClurken, and John Donnelly, and there were 19 members. In 1835 Rev. 8amuel McKinney was called to the pastorate of this congregation.

In 1836, after much labor, and self-denial, the congregation succeeded in finishing a plain, but commodious building, which they occupied for many years. The membership of the congregation increased under Mr. McKin¬ ney's administration to 120. He was succeeded in the pastorate by Rev. Wm. Sloane, who accepted the call in 1840. During his adminstration a board of Deacons were elected, and the membership increased to 150.. In 1858 he was succeeded by Rev. A. C Todd. During his pastorate the mem. bership increased to 220.

Upon the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, Mr. Todd was chosen captain of a company of men, raised from his own congregation, and en¬ listed in the service of the Government, for three years or during the war. Many of them found soldiers' graves, on the fields of the South. The pul¬ pit was supplied during Mr. Todd's absence, in the field, by various ministers, and upon his return he resumed his pastoral labors.

In 1867, a new, substantial and commodious brick building was erected in the village of Oakdale, and the old structure sold to the United Presby¬ terian Church, a denomination that had recently been organized in the com¬ munity.

Its mouldering ruins can yet be seen two miles east of Elkton, on the Coultervilie road; and many tears of sadness are shed, when memory re¬ calls the loved faces of brethren and friends, whose remains lie buried in that old church-yard, by the brethren who gaze upon all, that Old Time has left to tell of the sad, sweet story of when they loved and worshipped with the dear dead friends of long ago.

In 1871, Mr. Todd at his own request was released from the charge, and with a colony made up from the congregation removed to Evans, Colorado.

About the first act of special importance after the installation of Mr. Thompson, was the taking by the congregation, of the American covenant, as prescribed by the Presbytery. Mr. Thompson was assisted in the adminis¬ tration of this rite by Rev. H. P. McClurken, of New Concord, Ohio, and Rev. D. S. Farris, of Sparta, Hlinois. These ceremonies were solemnized on the 20th day of August, 1872; more than 150 took upon themselves the obligations, and subscribed to the Covenant.

Since the time of the " Covenant Renovation," eight members have been received, and about an equal number lost by deaths and removals to other congregations. The membership is now, 1879, 121, and a Sabbath-school oi 120 scholars. This, as well as all other congregations of the Reformed Pres¬ byterian Church, O. S., are devoted and attached to civil and religious liber¬ ty, and to the fundamental laws of our country, yet they refuse to take any part in the political matters of the country, not even voting or holding office. This privilege is not exercised for reasons that are sufficient to them ; the principal one of which, is that the name of the Deity is not recognized in the constitution of the United States. They cheerfully pay their taxes, and consider it one of their highest duties to defend their country from foreign or domestic foes.

ASHVILLE PRECINCT is bounded on the north by Coving¬ ton, on the east by Hoyleton, Richview, Ashley and Dubois, on the south, by Perry County and Pilot Knob Precinct, and on the we8t,by Elkton,Plum Hill, and Okawville Precincts. Thesurface is undulating, and is composed principally of prairie lands. The soil is black, deep, and fertile, and is in a high state of cultivation. Of water courses there is little to be said, as its drainage, consists of a few small creeks, branches, etc.

The first settlers of the precinct, were, Samuel K. Anderson, John Morgan, London Park, (colored), Orcenith Fisher, David Ramsey. John D. Wood, Nicholas Darter, Charles McCord, Robert Burns, Samuel Y. Henry, Demp¬ sey Kennedy, Livesay Carter and L. D. Livesay, who settled at various periods, from 1818 to 1833.

As to the history of the Precinct outside of Nashville City, little can be said, in addition to what has already been said in another chapter of this work.

Na8Hville City

Is situated on the St. Louis and Southeastern Rail-road, and was laid out by the proprietors, Robert Middleton and G. Brown, on the eighth day of June, 1830, and a report and plat of the city was filed with the commis¬ sioners, by A. W. Casad, County Surveyor, who had previously surveyed it.

The records show that the proprietors deeded a stipulated number of lots to the commissioners, for the use of the county, and reserved the others to themselves. DaVld White, Joseph Whitteuberg and Livesay Carter were the commissioners. Carter and Whittenberg being Tennesseeans, reverenced everything relating to that state, and by permission of the proprietors, christened the town "New Nashville." The "New" was soon dropped, and it has since borne the name of Nashville.

The first house in Nashville was built by Sam. K. Anderson. The pro¬ prietors offered as a prize, to deed a lot to the wife of the man who should build the first house in town. Anderson and O. Fisher competed, and Anderson won. The proprietor, however, decided that his little log cabin was not a house in the meaning of the offer, and decided in favor of Fisher who erected a fair story and a half frame house - which might truly be said to have been the first house in Nashville. The race between the men is described elsewhere in the book. First settlers of the town of Nashville were S. K. Anderson, John Morgan, O. Fisher, London Park, (colored), John D. Wood, Amos Watts and Z. H. Vernor. O. Fisher was the first preacher - after him came S. W. D. Chase.

First School-House

For many years Nashville rented a building that had been built by the Presbyterians for an Academy to be run under the auspices of their church, on the site of the present school building. The schools were taught in this together with other rented buildings, until the year 1874, when the present, magnificent building was completed. The house and furnishings cost about 830,000. For convenience and comfort it is not surpassed by any similar structure in Southern Illinois.

It has the improved methods of heating, lighting and ventilation, and is furnished with all the necessary modern apparatus, etc. The enrollment in the various departments numbers more than 500.

The board of directors, under whose administration the house was erected, consisted of Hugh C. Adams, Justus Baab, and Frederick Hoffman, and the first principal to take charge of the schools, in the new building, was C. T. Stratton.

The course of study consists of the branches prescribed by the laws of the state, and in addition thereto, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, Rheto¬ ric, General History, the German Language and Latin.

The first mill built in Nashville, was owned by Murphy and Watts, and stood about a half mile south of where the Court House now stands. It was a custom grist mill,run by steam-power; afterwards had a saw added to it, vnd was removed to Beaucoup Creek sir miles south-east of Nashville. This mill furnished the lumber for some of the early buildings in Nashville. It was operated by different firms, at this point, until about the year 1845, when the machinery was removed to Nashville, and put up and operated for a time by Anderson and Mitchell, when it was transferred to Huegley and Reuter.

John Huegley'6 Mills . - On the 9th day of June, 1853, Mr. Huegley com¬ pleted a custom grist mill, of two run of stones, in Nashville, near where his present mill stands. In 1860, the large mill, now owned by Mr. Huegley, was completed and put in operation by Huegley and Reuter. It has eight run of stones, and a capacity of 200 barrels per day. The mill handles about 200,000 bushels of grain annually, and ships about 40,000 barrels of flour yearly. Employment is given in the mill, and the coopering establish¬ ment that is run in connection with it, to thirty-one men.

Sawyer , McCracken & Co. - This firm erected in 1867 the large mill now operated by them in the city of Nashville. The cost of the mill, at first, was about $70,000, which has since been increased to a little more than $90,000. At the beginning, had six run of stones, which has since been increased to eight, with a capacity of over 500 barrels per day. Have handled on an average, since commencing, 300,000 bushels of grain annually, and their average shipment of flour is between fifty and sixty thousand barrels annually. They employ in the mill and coopering establishment between thirty-five and forty men.

Their first experience, in the milling business, was a small custom mill, that stood near the site of their present mills, which was erected in 1858. In addition to being a grist mill, it had a saw attachment. The mill had two run of stones, and did little except custom work. The mill closed in 1866.

Frederick Hesemann d* Sons. - This mill was built by the present proprie¬ tors in 1876. Is a custom saw and grist mill: has one saw and two run of stones.

The first bank organized in Nashville, was by A. D. Hay and sons, in 1869. The firm was afterwards changed to Hay Bros-, consisting of Daniel and William Hay. In June, 1874, it was transferred to Sawyer, McCracken <fc Co., who run it to February, 1875, when the bank closed.

Washington County Bank of Homer , Huegley and Company , was organized in July, 1874. It is a private bank, consisting of twenty-five original partners, with a capital stock of Beventy-five thousand dollars. P. E. Hos¬ mer, is the present president, and L. Krughoff cashier.

Manufacturing Establishments

J. L. Rank, manufacturer of wagons, plows aud other agricultural imple¬ ments, began business in Nashville, in the spring of 1849- He is doubtless entitled to the credit of manufacturing the first successfully operated Sulky Gang Plow, made in the state. The plow was manufactured in 1863, and took the first premium at the State fair at Decatur, in the same year.

It is claimed also, that he made the first all steel mould board prairie breaking plow ever made in the state. The plow was made in 1852, for Wm. Forman, Sr., the father of Wm. S. and G. M. Forman.

He was the first to introduce into Southern Illinois the " thimble skeined 1 ' wagon, which was in the year 1855. This establishment manufactures between two and three thousand plows annually, besides wagons and other farm implements. He also does a general blacksmithing business.

Wagon Manufactory of J. Henry Duecker 6c Bro. - Began business in 1867. Does a general business in making and repairing farming implements, wagons, etc. Makes and sells on an average twenty wagons annually.

J. M. Hassingers Carriage Manufactory. - Began business in 1873. All kinds of light carriage work are done at these shops. Has about ten hands employed, and has an average sale of twenty-five carriages annually. He does a general blacksmithing business, and makes a specialty of manufactur¬ ing and dressing Mill Picks.

Erdmann W. Brenneke's Wagon and Blacksmith Shop. - Established in 1856. Manufactures on an average twenty-four wagons annually. Does a general business in plow-making, blacksmithing, etc.

The first store kept in Nashville, was by Orcenith Fisher, in a little log cabin rituated on lot 8, block 3. No shelving or counters were used; and the various articles of merchandise, were hung upon nails driven into the "ribs" in the roof of the house. He did business in the years 1831 and 1832.

The next store was owr^ed by James Mitchell, a resident of Bellville, St. Glair county. His business manager here was Major John D. Wood, who afterwards became a partner. This firm did business for a time under the name of Wood and Mitchell, when Mr. Wood purchased Mr. Mitchell's interest and became sole proprietor.

A store was established in 1833, by John W. McCord, upon the site now occupied by Col. KrughofF as a residence. The building was a frame 10 by 12 feet Mr. McCord soon sold out and quit the business.

The first hotel in Nashville was kept by Joseph Dennis. It was situated on lot six, block two. The lot on which the hotel stood and the one adjoin¬ ing it, were purchased by Mr. Dennis for the sum of fifteen dollars. This was in the latter part of 1833.

Present Hotels. - The present hotels in Nashville are the Buckeye House, W. A. Garvin proprietor; German House, by Mrs. Catherine Bieser; City Hotel, H. Bielfeldt proprietor; South-Eastern Hotel by H. Horstmann.

First Phy8Ician8

The first marriage, of record, that occurred in the city of Nashville, was in February, 1835. The contracting parties were Mr. Champness Ball and Miss Susan Wood, and the marriage ceremony was solemnized at the resi¬ dence of Major John D. Wood.

The first child bom in Nashville, was a son to Mr. and Mrs. David Underwoodi 8M>n afi-r the town was laid out, probably in 1832. Joseph Wood, son of Major and Mrs. John D. Wood, was born in Nashville, December 21st, 1834, and was probably the next child born in the town.

The first Carding machine , or Woolen Mill, was established in Nashville in 1834, by Wood and Mitchell. The motive power was supplied by oxen, upon the "Tread Wheel."

The first Tannery in Nashville was established in 1833 by David Ramsey. Jacob Goodner operated one about the same time on the Shelton place, one mile west of town. Goodner purchased Ramsey's tannery, and transferred the business to town.

Cotton Oin. It may be of interest to state that in the early settlement of Nashville precinct, Stephen Gaston owned and operated, the first and only cotton gin ever in Washington County.

Of the citizens of Nashville, that resided here in 1833, none remain, except Judge Amos Watts, Mrs. John D. Wood, Mrs. Sarah Douglas, and Mrs. Zenas H. Vernor. (1879.)

The present Church Buildings in Nashville are owned by the Presbyte¬ rians ; Methodist Episcopal; Methodist Episcopal, South; Methodist Episco. pal, German; Evangelical and Baptists, in each of which regular church servioes are held, and each of which supports a healthy and prosperous Sunday-school. A more detailed account of these will be found in our chapter on the ecclesiastical history of Washington county.

General Stores

Sawyer and McCracken , at the south-east corner of the Public Square, do an extensive business in the line of dry goods, groceries, clothing, boots and shoes, etc.

Marx and Strauss, enterprising business men, are located on the north side of St. Louis Street, where they do a large business, in dry goods, gro¬ ceries, clothing, etc.

Grocery 8Tore8

The following firms are engaged in the grocery and provision trade, on St. Louis Street: Ben. H. Thorp, J. L. Simms, S. W. Babcock, Meyer Bros., Scott & Mitchell, John Marlin, and J. W. Burgess.

Livery Stables Real E8Tate Brokers

Forman Bros., south 'of the Public Square, do an extensive business, in. buying and selling real estate, perfecting titles, negotiating loans, etc.

The Newspapers Of Nashville

A complete history of the press will be found elsewhere in this book. Below will be found a history of the benevolent societies of Nashville.

On the 21st day of July, A. d. 1847 and A. l. 5847, a dispensation was granted by Right Worshipful Grand Master Nelson D. Morse, of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, to William W. Bennett, W. M.; Thomas S. Roe, S. W.; Gabriel S. Jones, J. W., and the requisite number of brethren, all of whom had been previously demitted from Mt. Vernon Lodge, ! Number 31, to form and open a lodge of free and accepted masons, in the town of Nashville, to be known as the " Hardin Lodge," number - .

The Lodge was continued under dispensation, until October 4th, 1848, when a charter was granted by the Grand Lodge of the State, when the name was changed to " Washington Lodge," number 55.

The first officers under the charter were: John G. Baker, W. M., Thomas S. Roe, S. W., Gabriel S. Jones, J. W., Alexander D. Hay, Treasurer and Darius Greenup, Secretary. He was elected to the office of secretary this year, and held the position continuously to 1870.

During the first year of its existence under the charter, Washington Lodge raised seventeen members, viz.: George T. Hoke, John Weightman, Thomas 8. Callaway, Darius Greenup, John D. Wood, John C. Baker, Harvey Nevill, S. M. Carter, Elzy G. Coffey, Nahum W. Allen, George W. Hotchkiss, Lewis N. Farmer, Wm. A. Lamb, Joseph J. Swanwick, Robert Cook, Stephen Gray and Livesay Carter.

Of the early members of the Lodge nearly all have long since been " called from labor to refreshment." A few of the old land marks still re¬ main. Their names are as follows: George T. Hoke, S. M. Carter, Lewis N. Farmer and J. J. Swanwick.

Nashville Chapter, Number 89, Royal Arch Masons

Soon after its organization chapters were formed at Ashley, and other neighboring towns, which materially diminished the membership and interest of this chapter. The convocations have been unfrequent and irregular, and the chapter is in anything but a prosperous condition.

In April, 1845 a dispensation for the organization of this lodge was granted by Wm. M. Parker, Most Worthy Grand Master of I. O. O. F. of the State of Illinois. On the 8th of May following he came to Nashville and duly instituted said lodge. The Grand Lodge of the State granted a charter to the lodge on the 27th day of July, 1848.

The Lodges - Okawville, Elkton, Richview, Dubois, Ashley, Irvington, and Arbiter, have all received the nucleus for their formation from Nash¬ ville Lodge, No. 37. This lodge has furnished one Grand Master for the State. T. B. Needles, present State Auditor, and one Deputy Grand Mas¬ ter, Hon. Amos Watts. Many of her members have at various times filled important positions in the Grand Lodge of the State.

The meetings of the lodge were first held in a room in the building occu¬ pied by James H. Sawyer as a residence. They afterwards built a frame building on the south side of Main street, west of the court-house, which they occupied until 1865, when they erected and removed to the large brick building on St. Louis street, which they now occupy. The third story is used by them as a hall, and the remainder of the building is rented for places of business, offices, etc.

" Enterprise " Lodge, No. 748, K. of H., of Nashville, Illinois, was or¬ ganized, Sept. 21, 1877, by Deputy Supreme Dictator, J. W. Bradburn, and consisted of the following charter members: C. D. Wassell, J. G. Bieser, Henry Strauss, Carl Seifert, S. W. Babcock, James Adams, Valentine Rice, Henry E. Kuhe, E. L. West, F. O. Sawyer, George B. Bennett, W. S. Hisey, Robert Guthrie, H. C. Adams, S. W. Jones and E. H. Henry.

C. Seifert, Dictator; J. G. Bieser, Vice-Dictator; V. Rice, Assistant Dic¬ tator; E. L. West, Past Dictator; H. Strauss, Reporter; C. D. Wassell, Financial Reporter; James Adams, Treasurer; W. S. Hisey, Chaplain ; S. W. Jones, Guide; H. E. Kuhl, Guardian; H. C. Adams, Sentinel; E. L. West, Representative to Grand Lodge; E. H. Henry, W. S. Hisey, J. G. Bieser, Trustees. And at the election of June 28th, 1878, the following were elected.

Nashville Turnverein

This society was organized on the 28th day of March, 1871. The first officers were: F. W. Bimmerman, Speaker; Henry Strauss, Secretary; J. G. Bieser, Treasurer; Fred Volz, Turn wart. It was incorporated on the 3d day of April, 1876, with P. Liegel, Fred Volz, J. D. Nickel, H. D. Schmidt and J. G. Bieser as charter members. They were also the first trus¬ tees of the society. Soon after Jacob Nickel and H. D. Schmidt were elected trustees to succeed J. Buch and F. W. Bimmerman. The present officers are: L. Marx, First Speaker; H. D. Schmidt, Second Speaker; J. W. Schmitt, Secretary; P. Siegel, Treasurer; E. Schmidt, Assistant Treasurer; Christ Keyler, First Turnwart; George Reitter, Second Turn wart; Fred Pirman, First Zeugwart; Pet. Bieser, Second Zeugwart; J. G. Bieser, Libra¬ rian. Trustees: P. Liegel, Fred. Volz, J. D. Nickel, H. D. Schmidt and J*

The city of Nashville was organized under special charter in 1869. First officers: Hon. Daniel Hay, Mayor. Aldermen : D. E. Jenkins, Wm. Costillo, N. McCracken, John Bieser, P. H. Reither, James M. 'McElhanon. Clerk, George S. Anderson; City Collector and Assessor, H. P. Walker; City Attorney, G. P. Harben. Officers in 1870: Mayor, Hon. Daniel Hay. Aldermen: D. E. Jenkins, John Bieser, P. H. Reither, James M. McElha¬ non, John Akins and J. K. McMaster. Clerk, Wm. Costillo; City Marshal,

W. Hofftnan, Andrew Free, J. K. McMaster and John Akins. City Clerk, George W. Vernor; Treasurer, Jacob Liebrock; Marshal and Collector. Lewis M. Henry, who resigned, and was succeeded by Andrew Free. Green P. Harben was appointed City Attorney. Officers in 1872 under the general law: Hon. M. M. Goodner, Mayor. Aldermen, Hugh C. Adams, W. 8. Forman, F. E. Liese, Fred Volz, J. B. Anderson and D. R. Meyer. City Clerk, F. W. Maxwell; City Attorney, Charles Rose; City Marshal, Will