Freeport Township (part 3 of 10)

.January 12, started home on veteran furlough. At the expiration of furlough, returned to the field with ranks well filled with recruits. Arrived at old camp at Scottsboro, March 3, and remained there until May 1, when it started on the great Atlanta campaign. The regiment was actively engaged in all the marches, skirmishes and battles which finally resulted in the capture of Atlanta. On the 3d of August, a detail of nine hundred men was made from the division, to charge the enemy's skirmish line. The charge was to be made over an old field, covered with high grass, a distance of about four hundred yards. When the signal was given, the men started on a keen run for the rebel works. Private John S. Wilson, of Company D, Twenty-sixth Illinois, a stout, active fellow, outran the rest, and suddenly found himself alone in front of a rebel pit, which had been concealed by the tall grass, filled with seventeen men and a commissioned officer. He drew up his musket and quick." All surrendered except the officer, who started to run, and he shot him. It was laughable to see " Buck," as he was called, marching back with his seventeen prisoners. By order of Gen. Logan, he retained the officer's sword and a fine Whitney rifle, found ia the pit, and now has them at home, as mementoes of his gallantry. After the fall of Atlanta, most of the old officers were mustered out ot the expiration of their term of service. Only two of the original officers remained, one at whom, Capt. Ira J. Bloomfield, Company K, was made Colonel of the regiment. About the same time, the Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, was broken up, and the regiment was

The regiment did some hard marching, following Hood up toward Chattanooga, and oiF into Northern Alabama; then returned to Atlanta ; were paid and reclothed, preparatory -to " marching through Georgia."

The Twenty-sixth was engaged in the action -of Griswoldville, siege of Savannah, and capture of Fort McAlister. A short time after the fall of Savannah, the regiment was ordered to Beaufort, S. C, and remained on duty there and at Port Royal Ferry until the commencement of the northward march through the Carolinas ; were among the first regiments into -Columbia, and were hotly engaged in the battle of Bentonville. Here the regiment was ordered to carry the bridge across Mill Creek, which was strongly guarded by the enemy. The regiment charged and carried it, but lost a number of good men. Sergt. Smith, of Company K.. color bearer, was charging at the head of the column, across the bridge, and was ahot, the colors falling into the stream. The rushed forward to secure them, but Lieut. Webster, with Company E, charged, drove back, and saved the colors. Col. Bloomfield had his horse shot under him, and narrowly escaped himself.

Remained at Goldsboro, N. C, a few days, and, April 10, began the march against Raleigh. Left Raleigh May 1, for Washington, via Richmond; participated in the grand review Washington ; transported by rail to Parkersburg, Va.; thence by boat to Louisville, Ky., where it remained in camp until July 20, 1865, when it was mustered out of service and started for Springfield, 111., for final payment and dis- July 28, the regiment was paid off and disbanded.

The regiment had marched, during its four years of service, six thousand nine hundred and thirty-one miles, fought twenty-eight hard battles, beside innumerable skirmishes. They were permitted, by the orders of the commanding General, to place upon their banners -' New Madrid," " Island No. 10," " Farmington," " Siege of Corinth,' '' luka," "Corinth, 3d and 4th October, 1862," " Holly Springs," " Vicksburg," " Jackson, Miss.," "Mission Ridge," " Resaca," " Kenesaw," "Ezra Church," " Atlanta," " Jonesboro," "Griswoldville," "McAllister," "Savannah," "Columbia," "Bentonville."

Forty-Fifth Infantry

The Washburne Lead Mine Regiment was organized at Chicago, 111., Decem'^er 25, 1861, by Col. John E. Smith, and mustered into the United States service as the Forty-fifth Infantry Illinois Volunteers. January 15, 1862, moved to Cairo, 111. February 1, assigned to brigade of Col. W. H. L. Wallace, division of Brig. Gen. McClernand. February 4, landed belovc Fort Henry, on the Tennessee, and on the 6th marched into the fort, it having been surrendered to the gun-boats. February 11, moved toward Fort Donelson, and during the succeeding days bore its part of the suffering and of the battle. The flag of the Forty-fifth was the first planted on the enemy's works. Loss - 2 killed and 26 wounded. March 4, moved to the Tennessee River, and 11th, arrived at Savannah. Was engaged in the expedition to Pin Hook. March 25, moved to Pittsburg Landing, and encamped near Shiloh Church.

The Forty-fifth took a conspicuous and honorable part in the two days' battle of Shiloh, losing 26 killed and 199 wounded and missing - nearly one-half of the regiment. April 12, Col. j'ohn E. Smith, of the Forty-fifth, took command of the brigade. During the siege of Corinth, the regiment was in the First Brigade, Third Division, Reserve Army of the Tennessee, and bore its full share of the labors and dangers of the campaign. June 4, the regiment was assigned to Third Brigade, and moved toward Purdy, fifteen miles. On the 5th, marched to Bethel ; 7th, ho Montezuma, and on the 8th, to Jackson, Tenn., the enemy flying on its approach.

During the months of June and July, engaged in garrison and guard duty. August 11, assigned to guarding railroad, near Toons Station. On the 31st, after much desperate fighting. Companies C and D were captured. The remainder of the regiment, concentrating at Toon's Station, were able to resist the attack of largely outnumbering forces. Loss - 3 killed, 13 wounded, and 43 taken prisoners. September 17, moved to .Jackson ; November 2, to Bolivar, and was assigned to First Brigade, Third Division, Right Wing, Thirteenth Army Corps. November 3, 1862, marched from Bolivar to Van Buren ; 4th, to La Grange, and was assigned to Provost duty ; 28th, marched to Holly Springs ; December 3, to Waterford ; 4th, Abbeville ; 5th, to Oxford, to Yocono River, near Spring Dale.

Communications with the north having been cut off, foraged on the country for supplies. December 17; notice received of the promotion of Col. John E. Smith to Brigadier General, ranking from November 29 ; December 22, returned to Oxford ; 24th, moved to a camp three miles north of Abbeville, on the Tallahatchie River, where the regiment remained during the month. Mustered out July 12, 1866, at Louisville, Ky., and arrived at Chicago July 15, 1865, for final payment and discharged.

Forty-Sixth Infantry

The Forty-sixth Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, December 28, 1861, by Col. John A. Davis. Ordered to Cairo, 111., February 11, 1862; from there, proceeded, via the Cumberland River, to Fort Donelson, Tenn., arriving on the 14th, and was assigned to the command of Gen. Lew Wallace ; on the 15th, lost one man killed and two wounded; 16th, moved through the works and to Dover; 19th, moved to Fort Henry. March 6, embarked for Pittsburg Landing, where it arrived on the 18th. The regiment was now in Second Brigade, Fourth Division, with Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Forty-sixth Illinois, and Twenty-fifth Indiana, Col. James C. Veatch, Twenty-fifth Indiana, commanding brigade, and Brig. Gen. S. A. Hurlbut, of Illinois, commanding division. In the battle of Shiloh, the Forty-sixth took a most conspicuous and honorable part, losing over half of its officers and men in killed and wounded, and receiving the ihanks of the commanding Generals. Among the wounded were Col. John A. Davis, Maj. Dornblasser, Capts. Musser, Stephens, Marble and McCracken ; Lieuts. Hood, Barr, Arnold, Ingraham and Howell. In this action, the Fourth Division" of Gen. Hurlbut achieved a reputation for bravery, to which it added on every field in which it was engaged until the close of the war. Was engaged in the siege of Corinth, in the month of May. June 2, camped six miles west of Corinth ; on the 10th, marched to the Hatchie River; loth, passed through Grand Junction, and camped three miles from town ; 24th, moved to Collarbone Hill, near La Grange; on the 30th, moved to Old Lamar Church, July 1, marched to Cold Water, and returned on the 6th ; on the 17th, moved toward Memphis, marching via Moscow, Lafayette, German town and White's Station, and camping two miles south of Memphis, on the 21st of July. August 27, engaged in the scout to Pigeon Roost. September 6, moved from Memphis toward Brownsville ; 7th, marched through Raleigh and Union Stations ; 9th, marched to Big Muddy Pdver ; 11th, via Hampton Station, to Danville; 12th, via Whiteville. to Pleasant Creek ; 14th, via Bolivar, to Hatchie River. September 27, all the troops on the river, at this place, were reviewed by Gen. McPherson. October 4, moved toward Corinth ; 5th, met the enemy at Metamora. The Forty-sixth was in position on the right of Second Brigade, supporting Bolton's Battery. After an hour of shelling by the batteries, the infantry were ordered forward, and at a double quick, advanced, driving the enemy across the river. The First Brigade coming up, " Hurlbut's Fighting Fourth Division" advanced and drove the enemy from the field, compelling their flight. Col. John A. Davis, of the Fortysixth, was mortally wounded in this action, and Lieut. M. R. Thompson also, both dying on the 10th. After the battle, returned to Bolivar. November 3, marched to La Grange ; 28th, moved to Holly Springs ; 30th, toward Tallahatchie River, and camped near Waterford, Miss., where splendid winter quarters, with mud chimneys and ba'ie ovens complete, were fitted up in time to move away from them. December 11, to Hurricane Creek, and 12th, to Yocona Station, where it remained until December 22, when it marched to Taylor's Station. Van Dorn, having captured Holly Springs, marched on the 23d, via Oxford, to Hurricane Creek ; 24th, the Forty -sixth Illinois and Thirty-third Wisconsin moved, as train guard, to north side of Tallahatchie River ; 26th, moved camp four miles nearer Holly Springs, between Waterford and Wyatt Stations. January 6, 1863, moved to Holly Springs ; 10th, Fifteenth and Forty-sixth Illinois were escort to ammunition train to La Grange ; 13th, marched to Moscow, where it remained until February 5, when it moved to Lafayette. The garrison of Moscow was First Brigade, Fourth Division, the Forty-sixth and Seventy-sixth Illinois of the Second Brigade, and two batteries ; and the garrison of Lafayette the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois and one battery, Col. Cyrus Hall commanding. After rejoining brigade at Lafayette, marched on the 9th of

March, via ColUerville and Germantown, to Memphis. April 21, 1863, engaged in the expedition to Hernando, and returned on the 24th. May 13, embarked for Vickaburg, and on the 1. 5th, landed at Young's Point; 18th, marched to Bower's Landing ; 19th, moved to Sherman's Landimg ; 20th. moved by steamer up Yazoo to Chickasaw Bayou ; disembarked, and moved across the swamp to the bluff. May 21. proceeded to the right of Gen. Grant's Army, and were then ordered to Snyder's Bluff; 24th, marched in the direction of Vicksburg ; 25th, marched to the extreme left of the line. The regiment was detailed on picket duty, and during the night the outpost, consisting of five companies of the regiment, were by the enemy; 104 men and 7 officers were captured, 70 escaping. The remainder of the regiment took an active part in the siege of Vicksburg; July 5, moved to Clear Creek; 6th, 10 Bolton Station ; 8th, to Clinton ; 9th, to Dickens' Plantation, where it remained guarding train ; 12th, moved into position on the extreme right of the line near Pearl River ; engaged in the siege until the 16th, when the enemy evacuated Jackson, after which the regiment returned to Vicksburg. The division was now transferred to the Seventeenth Corps, and Brig. Gen. M. M. Crocker assigned to command. August 12, moved to Natchez. September 1, went on an expedition into Louisiana, returning on the 8th. September 16, moved to Vicksburg. November 28, moved to Camp Cowan, on Clear Creek. .January 4, 1863, the Forty-sixth was mustered as a veteran regiment ; 12th, started north for veteran furlough ; 23d, arrived at Freeport. 111., and on the 27th, the regiment was furloughed. Col. John A. Davis, com. Sept. 12, 1861, died at Bolivar, dis. May 29, 1862, disab. Quarter Master Sergt. Julius T. Weld, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. Comsy. Sergt. E. R. Gillett, e. Sept. 14, 1861, dis. for promotion as regimental quarter master. Comsy. Sergt. W. H. Barnds, vet., m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. Hospital Steward Thos. Wolcitt, vet. Hospital Steward Jos. Chambers, e. Sept. 14, 1861, dis.

Cr. W. ACHENBACH, carriage painter, Bridge street, between Chicago and Van Buren streets; is a native of Columbia Co., Penn., and was born July 22, 1852 ; he grew up to manhood in that State, and learned his trade in Milton, Penn; he came West to Stephenson Co., and located in Freeport in March, 1877, and established his present business, and is building up a good trade.

HO^, JOHX H. ADDAMS, President of the Second National Bank of Freeport, is a native of Berks Co., Penn., and was born July 12, 1822, his parents being Samuel and Caharine ( Huy) Addams ; he received his early education in the common schools, and, witha comprehensive course, at an academy at Trappe, Penn., was well prepared foractive life ; on leavingschool, he was apprenticed to the milling business; in 1844, he came to Stephenson Co., 111., and located in what is now called Cedarville, and established himself in business as a flour and grain dealer and miller, in which he is still interested ; he also purchased a farm in the vicinity ; in 1847 he took a prominent part in calling a convention of land-owners and busines men of the district which resulted in a concert of action that pushed to completion the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad ; he appreciated the absolute necessity for obtaining an outlet for the produce of that region by railway, and he exerted himself to draw the attention ofthe people to it and to induce, them to subscribe for stock in the enterprise ; in 1854, he was deleted to the State Senate as a Republican, and held the seat continuously for sixteen years, retiring in 1870. In 1844, he was married to Miss Sarah Weber, daughter of Col. Weber, of Kreiderville, Penn. ; she died in 1863, and in 1868, he married Mrs. William Halderman, of Freeport ; he lives at Cedarville, where he is very highly esteemed as an active and public-spirited citizen ; he was energetic in his support of the Union cause during the war; in 1864, he aided in the organization of the Second National Bank of Freeport, and was elected its President ; he retains thac position at the present time ; he is regarded throughout the district as a political leader of the higeSgt type, and, both politically and socially, enjoys the confidence of all classes ; he has b en urged, upon several occasions, to become a candidate for Congress, to which he could have been elected, with but little, if any, opposition, but has declined ; he is a gentleman of fine culture and of sound judgment, and has justly earned prominence in public estimation in both civil and private aifairs.

DANIEL AD AMSON, house, sign and ornamental and decorative painter, and dealer in paints, oils, and was wall paper, 89 Stephenson street; is a native of Manchester, England, and glass born Aug. 23, 1834 ; he grew up and attended school there, and was educated in his present business in England, principally under the Government ; he attended the school of design seven and a half years, graduated and was awarded diplomas and medals for his proficiency in his profession ; he afterward engaged in teaching for several years ; in 1857, he came to Toronto, and was engaged in portrait painting there; then came to New York, where he engaged in art and decorative painting; he came to Freeport in 1862, and established his present business in a small way in a room only sixteen feet square, and from that small beginning he has built up his present extensive business, extending from Chicago to Western Iowa. There are very few persons so thoroughly educated in their profession as Mr. Adamson ; in frescoing art and decorative painting he excels, and the fine character of work done by him through Illinois and Iowa, testify to his taste and ability. He carries a large stock of all kinds of goods of the best quality in his line, and conducts the leading business in paints, oils, glass, wall paper, in this section of the State.

LiOUIS AHSEJTDORFF, of the firm of Ahsendorff & Bonn, dealers in dry goods and groceries, cor. Galena avenue and Galena street ; is a native of Germany, and was born in Prussia March 27, 1827 ; he emigrated to America in 1849, and came West to Galena, and worked in the lead mines, and came to Freeport in 1852 ; he opened a paint shop, and was afterward clerk in a store, and has been engaged in mercantile business for past twenty years. He has held the office of Assistant Supervisor, and is identified with the interests of the city.

CAPT. PHIIi. ARNO, dealer in wines and liquors, 53 Stephenson street ; is a native of Germany, and was born in Bavaria July 30, 1837 ; he came to the United States in 1846 ; lived in Rochester six years, then came to Milwaukee ; came to Stephenson Co., and located in Freeport, in January 1858, and engaged in the coopering business. When the war broke out, he enlisted in 1861, in the 46th I. V". I. and was elected 1st Lieut. Co. C ; he was in the service over three years ; he was promoted and commissioned Captain and brevetted Major; he participated in all the battles of the regiment except one, and then was prevented by sickness. After the war he returned, and since then has been engaged in business here. He belongs to Evergreen Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and to Freeport Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., Germania Society, and the Fire Department. In 1863, Capt. Arno was nnited in marriage to Miss Sarah Albright, a native of Pennsylvania; they have five children - Sarah G, Willie P., Maggie A., Edward C, and Emma L.

JOHN ARTHUR, foreman, shops C. & N. W. R. R. ; is a native of England, and was born in 1828 ; he grew up to manhood there, and came to the United States in 1850 ; he came to Stephenson Co. in 1864, and located in Freeport, and entered the employ of the C. & N. W. R. R., and since then, for the past sixteen years, has been connected with the company here. He has held his present position of foreman since 1874. In 1819, Mr. Arthur was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Davb, a native of England ; they have four children - William, Emma, John, Daniel.

BREVET MA J. GEN. ISMITH I>. ATKINS, lawyer, soldier and journalist, was born June 9, 1835, near Elmira, Chemung Co., N. Y., and removed to Illinois, with his father's family, in 1848, living on a farm until 1850 ; he then entered the office of the Prairie Democrat to learn the art of printing ; this was the first paper published in Freeport ; he was educated at Rock River Seminary, Mt. Morris, 111. , working in the printing office and studying during his spare hours, and, in 1852, obtained the foremanship of the Mt. Morris Gazette, while yet a student; in June, 1853, associated with C. C. Allen, late Major on the stafi" of Maj. Gen. Schofield ; he bought out this paper, and established the Register at Savannah, Carroll Co.; in the fall of the same year, he entered the office of Hiram Bright, in Freeport, as a student at law, and was admitted to practice June 27, 1855 ; after his admission, he continued to read law for some time in the office of Goodrich & Scoville, Chicago, and then entered upon his practice in Freeport, dating his entry into the active duties of his high profession Sept. 1, 1856 ; in 1860, he made a spirited canvass for the election of Lincoln to the Presidency, and one address of his, delivered in thh campaign, which was a careful and thorough review of the Dred-Scott decision, went through several editions ; he was elected State's Attorney for the Fourteenth Judicial Circuit of Illinois, and on April 17, 1861, while trying a criminal case in Stephenson Circuit Court, a telegram was received stating that President Lincoln had issued his first call for troops to suppress the rebellion ; he immediately drafted in the court-room an enlistment roll, which he headed with his own name, being the first man to enlist as a private soldier in his county ; he then announced to the court and the jury his decision to prepare without delay for service in the Union army ; leaving the half-finished case in the hands of a brother attorney, he hastened out of the court-room with his enlistment roll, and went into the streets of Freeport to find men to join ; before dusk, one hundred had signed the roll, and in the evening a company organization was formed with him in the position of Captain. He and his com panions-in-arms went to Springfield, where they were mustered in as Company A of the 11th I. V. I. ; upon the expiration of his three months' service, he re-enlisted for three years as a private, and was again mustered in as Captain of Company A, 11th I. V. I., at Bird's Point ; he was at Ft. Donelson, with the unexpired order of leave of absence on account of sickness, in his pocket, when the command of " Forward " was given ; he took sixty-eight men into this desperate engagement, and came out with but twentythree left, having been in the very thickest of the carnage ; for gallant services at Ft. Donelson, he was promoted to the position of Major of the 11th Regiment, and went on the staff" of Gen. Hurlburt as Acting Assistant Adjutant General by the special assignment of Gen. Grant, and, in that capacity, was engaged with Hurlburt in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, his bravery and conspicuous services securing special mention in the general orders after that fight ; ill health, brought on by exhausting labors and exposure, compelled his resignation after the affair of Pittsburg Landing, and he spent the two subsequent months on the sea coast ; he recruited in time to take the stump to raise troops under the call of 1862, and enlisted in the 92d Illinois Regiment, which was mustered in, with himself as Colonel, on Sept. 4, 1862 ; he was in command of this regiment until Jan. 17, 1863, when he was placed in command of a brigade. While the 92d was at Mt. Sterling, Ky., Col. Atkins being in charge of it, a grave issue arose ; it was the first Yankee regiment which had visited that section, and hundreds of slaves flocked to its camp begging for protection, and offering their services or their blood for freedom ; they refused to return to their masters, and, when their owners demanded them as chattels. Col. Atkins declined to entertain the peremptory request that his force should be used to drive them back ; the owners appealed to the commander of the brigade, a Kentuckian, who ordered Atkins to return the slaves, but the latter persistently declined to do this, and never did, his reasons being that he was not responsible for the escapade of the slaves, and that his men had not enlisted to act in the capacity of bloodhounds to hunt them down and drive them back. On June 17, 1863, he was placed in command of the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, Army of Kentucky, which he commanded while in the Department of the Ohio ; when the 92d Regiment was removed to the Department of the Cumberland, he was placed in command of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division of the Reserve Corps, and, when the regiment was mounted and transferred to Wilder's Brigade of Mouoted Infantry, he accompanied and commanded it, until transferred to Kilpatrick's Cavalry Division. When Gen. Kilpatrick re-formed his division preparatory to the great march with Sherman, he assigned the command of the 2d Brigade to Col. Atkins ; when Sherman advanced southward, he aimed to throw his army between the rebel forces and Savannah ; the task of deceiving the enemy and holding them while this movement was being effected was given by Kilpatrick to Col. Atkins and his brigade, and he skillfully accomplished it; at Clinton, he charged the enemy and drove them fourteen miles to Macon ; he assaulted their lines about the city, and forced them into their works, and held them there until Sherman swept to the eastward, leaving him with the enemy in his rear, and nothing before him to impede his rapid progress. In all the engagements in which he participated with his brigade, Col. Atkins greatly distinguished himself, and especially so at Waynesboro, where Wheeler and his cavalry were overwhelmingly defeated ; while leading the charge of his troops against the rebel columns, his color-bearer was shot down by his side, and his brigade flag attracted the attention of the enemy, who poured in upon it their concentrated fire ; in this terrific storm of leaden hail, he bore a charmed life, leading prominently in the van and cheering on his troops to victory. At Savannah, he was brevetted Brigadier General for gallantry, and was assigned to duty under his commission as Brevet Brigadier General by special order of President Lincoln, and at the close of the war, when he was mustered out, he was brevetted Major General for faithful and important services. In all his stations as a commanding officer he was popular with both the rank and file ; he was a perfect disciplinarian, and was kind and considerate to the men under him ; his courage and his judgment as a strategist won their confidence, and they readily and heartily supported him wherever he went. After his military services, he returned to^ Freeport, where he has since resided. He was the able editor of the Freeport Journal until the past four years, and holds the office of Postmaster of the city of Freeport. His life has been one of great activity.

ANSON A. BABCOCK, retired, residence. Green street; is a native of Cortland Co., N. Y., and was born June 1, 1813; he grew up and attended school there ; after reaching manhood, in February, 1837, he was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Price, a native of Cortland Co., N. Y.; on the 12th of February, 1839, they started West with horse and sleigh ; at the end of the first day, they reached Auburn, N. Y.; while coming through Michigan they met a number of persons who did not like the "West," and were returning to their old homes East, which was not very encouraging to the young emigrants ; they were four weeks on the road ; they visited a brother of Mr. Babcock, living a few miles west of Chicago, then came to Stephenson Co., and arrived here in March of the same year and settled in B-idott Township, and began making a farm ; after living there three years, moved in Florence Township ; he bought a claim and entered it from the Government when the land came into market ; he carted three hundred bushels of wheat one winter to Chicago, by team ; Mr. Babcock was one of the pioneer settlers in this county, and has always been one of its progressive representative men ; he has held the offices of Collector and Assessor, and has been several times elected a member of the Board of Supervisors. Mr. and Mrs. Babcock have four children - James (living here), Sarah (now Mrs. J. Hance, living in this county), Mariette (now Mrs. Aspinwall, living in Grand Rapids, Mich.), Helen A. (now Mrs. Hart, living in Benton Co., Iowa ; they lost one son (Burton) in infancy.

F. S. BABCOCK, manufacturer of cigars and wholesale and retail dealer in cigars, tobacco and smokers' goods, Stephenson street, opposite the Brewster House ; is a native of Cortland Co., N. Y., and was born Nov. 11, 1851 ; his parents came West to Stephenson Co. in 1856, and he grew up and attended school here; he established his present business in 1878; he manufactures several very popular brands of cigars, the " Mabel," the " Silvie " and the " X-lO-U-8," and is building up a good trade. Mr. Babcock was united in marriage to Miss Ella M. Burrell Feb. 23, 1876 ; she died May 11, 1880, leaving one daughter (Mabel).

I. J. BABCOCK, architect and builder. Clay street ; is a native of Cortland Co., N. Y., and was born Dec. 18, 1818 ; he grew up there, and in 1836 came to Illinois, to Babcock's Grove, a few miles west of Chicago, where his brothers located in 1833, just after the Black Hawk War ; Mr. Babcock remained with his brothers two years, and came to Stephenson Co. in 1838 ; the following year he went back to New York State, and in 1856 returned here and located permanently and engaged in building ; he has been engaged in building over a quarter of a century ; he was superintendent of building the Stephenson County Court House, and for his efficiency in that position he was presented with a handsome gold watch, inscribed as follows : " Presented to Ira Babcock, Superintendent of Freeport Court House, by the architect, E. E. Myers, for the faithful carrying-out of the plans of the building, 1873." In 1842, Mr. Babcock was united in marriage to Miss Abagail M. Curtis, born in Cayuga Co., N. Y.;they have four children - Edward 0., Frank S., Alice A. and Mary C.

LiEIiAND A. BABCOCK, physician and surgeon, Chicago street, third south of Washington street ; is a native of Troy, N. Y., and was born April 29, 1818; he grew up and attended school there, then entered Union College, Mass., and graduated from that institution ; he studied medicine and surgery with the eminent surgeon, Dr. Valentine Mott, of the city of New York ; in 1844, he went abroad, and spent about three years ; for a year and a half was a student in Paris, under the eminent surgeon Velpeaux ; he traveled extensively through Europe, Asia, and Egypt and Palestine; after his return to his native land, in 1848, he came West to Chicago ; in July, 1861, he came to Stephenson Co., and located in Freeport, and since then has practiced his profession here ; Dr. Babcock has done much to advance the interests uf the profession ; he has perfected several important inventions for the relief of the suffering - the silver speculum, the silver adjuster and the hernia truss ; he has delivered many lectures, and written much for the profession ; there is probably no physician in Northern Illinois who has so many calls outside of his regular practice. In 1867, Dr. Babcock married Miss Ellen Bechtol, a native of this county; they have one son - Leland.

HENRY BAIER, of the firm of Baier & Seyfarth, proprietors of the Freeport Brewery, corner of Adams and Jackson streets ; is a native of Germany, and was born in Bavaria, May 7, 1836 ; his parents came to this country in 1843, and the same year came to Stephenson Co.; he grew up to manhood here; he has engaged in busmess here since 1855 ; he associated with Mr. Seyfarth, and engaged in their present business in 1869 ; ho has held the office of City Alderman. In 186U. he married Miss Johanna Seyfarth, of this city; they have two children, Emma and Alma. Mr. Baier belongs to the Germania Society, and is a member of the order of I. 0. 0. F.

FRED BAKER, retired, residence, Galena avenue ; is a native of Orange Co., Ind., and was born Nov. 1, 1820; his parents removed to Sangamon Co., 111., in 1823 ; in the spring of 1827, they came to the lead-mining region in Jo Daviess Co. ; in 1829, they went back to Peoria ; in the spring of 1832, they came again to the leadmining country in La Fayette Co., Wis. ; during the Black Hawk war, he was forted in Ft. Defiance ; after the war, he was in Dubuque two years ; he and his father came to what is now Freeport, Dec. 19, 1835 ; his mother came rhe following February ; his father opened a trading-post with the Indians ; they kept tavern, and had to accommodate every one that came along. Mr. Baker's father entered and owned the land where the city of Freeport is now located. Mr. Fred Baker was united in marriage, Feb. 11, 1841, to Miss Clarinda Crain ; she was born in Randolph Co., 111., Dec. 15, 1819; her father came to Carroll Co. in 1829. Mr. Baker held the office of Constable, I'eputy Sheriff for fifteen years, and was Acting Sheriff a portion of the time ; afterward engaged in farming in Silver Creek Township until 1879, when he sold his farm and came to the city. Mr. Baker has been elected and served as a member of the Board of Supervisors many years ; he has also held the office of Justice of the Peace, Road Commissioner, and other town and school offices. Mr. Baker helped cut and draw the first stick of timber put in the first building erected in Freeport. Mr. and Mrs. Baker are among the very earliest settlers, and there are very few n >w living who have as clear and accurate a recollection of the earliest days of what was then included in Jo Ddviess Co.; they have had eight children, only three of whom survive - one daughter Harrier., now Mrs. Joseph Weaver, and two sons, John and Frank, both married, and all living in Freeport.

ELIAI^ BAMBERGER, carpenter and builder, Apple street ; was born in Lebanon Co., Penn., July 8, 1834; he came West to Illinois in 1851, located in Stephenson Co., and learned the trade of carpenter and joiner. In 1861, he married Barbara Sechrist, from York Co., Penn.; she died in August, 1875, leaving three, children - John, Luella M. and Ida M. In 1878, Mr. Bamberger married Lovina Hennersheets, from Berks Co., Penn. ; they have one daughter - Minnie. Mr. Bamberger is one of the oldest builders in the county.

W. G. & W. BARNES, manufacturers and jobbers of farm implements and agricultural machinery ; established 1865. Factory, office and salesrooms on Stephenson, Mechanic and Bridge streets, Freeport.

H. M. BARNim, of the firm of Barton & Barnum, attorneys and coun selors at law. Galena avenue, opposite court house; is a native of Addison Co., Vt., and was born Feb. 6, 1835 ; he grew up and attended school there, and afterward entered Middlebury College and graduated from that institution in the class of 1858 ; the following year, he came west to Illinois and located in Freeport, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; he engaged in teaching, and was Principal of the high school until 1864, when he became associated with H. C. Burchard and E. P. Barton, in the practice of law, the firm being Burchard, Barton & Barnum, until 1871, when Mr. Burchard retired, having been elected to Congress ; since then the firm of Barton & Barnum have been leading attorneys here ; Mr. Barnum has held the offices of Justice of ihe Peace, City Attorney and school offices. Mr. Barnum was united in marriage, Aug. 8, 1864, to Miss Ellen P. Wright, a native of Addison Co., Vt.

FREDERIC BARTIiETT, wholesale and retail dealer in hardware and iron, Stephenson street, is a native of New York, and was born in the city of Brooklyn, Oct. 7, 1837, his parents being William and Mary (Crie) Bartlett ; he received his early education in the common schools, and, by a full and comprehensive course in the Polytechnic Academy in his native place received a substantial knowledge of the arts and sciences, and of the rules so necessary in the transaction of general business ; upon leaving school, he entered a hardware house in New York City as clerk, and subsequently became its buyer ; in 1855, he came west to Illinois, and located in Freeport, and established his present business, the firm being Churchill, Maverick & Bartlett ; in 1858, Mr. Maverick retired, and was followed by Mr. Churchill in 1860, since which time, over twenty years, Mr. Bartlett has carried on the business in his own name; at first, the transactions of the house were small, but by the application of Mr. Bartlett, and by his honorable method of dealing, the business soon grew into very large proportions. It now includes, besides ordinary hardware, iron, wagon and buggy stock, seasoned and ready for use, stoves,;hollow-ware, combining several distinct businesses in one ; Mr. Bartlett is a careful business man, fair dealing in all his mercantile transactions, enterprising, generous and courteous to all who approach him ; and his success in life is owing to his own efforts.

E. P. BARTON, of the firm of Barton & Barnum, attorneys and counselors at law, Galena ave., opposite court house, is a native of Oneida Co., New York, and was born June 5, 1829 ; he grew up and attended school there, and afterward entered Hamilton College, and graduated in the class of 1851 ; after graduating he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1852 ; he practiced law in Brooklyn until 1855, when he came West to Illinois and located in Freeport, and engaged in the practice of his profession the following year ; he associated with Thos. I. Turner and H. C. Burchard, the firm being Turner, Burchard & Barton ; in 1858, Mr. Turner retired, and the firm became Burchard & Barton ; in 1864, H. M. Barnum was admitted a member of the firm ; and the firm of Burchard, Barton & Barnum continued until 1871, when Mr. Burchard retired, having been elected to Congress; since 1871, the firm of Barton & Barnum has been the leading law firm in this city. Mr. Barton was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Walker, a native of Chautauqua Co., New York, Oct. 13, 1864 ; they have two daughters - Alice M. and Anna E.

FRED BAIICH, florist and gardener. Galena avenue, was born in Prussia, April 27, 1832 ; he came to the United States in 1853, and came to Stephenson Co. the same year ; a few years later, he established his present business in a small way, and he has successfully continued the business for twenty-five years, and has built up a good trade ; he owns twenty acres finely improved ; he built his large, commodious residence in the fall of 1879. In 1857, Mr. Bauch married Miss Barbara Wyant, a native of Prussia; they have ten children - Ida, Fred, Emma, Louie, Matilda, Louise, Eddie, Mary, Clara and John.

ARLEIS BAUMGARTEX, retired^ is a native of Loraine, France, and was born July 6, 1817 ; he emigrated to America in 1833, came West to Detroit, Mich., and lived there two years, and in 1835 came to Chicago, walking all the way ; at that time Chicago contained only three thousand people, and was not incorporated ; he was employed in the Government works, and was there when Gen. Scott was there ; he is one of the oldest members of the Old Settlers' Association of Chicago ; ir*

1850, Mr. Baumgarten came to Freeport and engaged in contracting on railroads, and has lived here most of the time for the past thirty years ; he built the Keystone Hotel \ he was elected City Marshal ; he was elected City Surveyor, and held that office seven years ; when he began life, he had nothing, and earned what he has by his energy and industry. He was united in marriage, Dec. 26, 1842, to Miss Mary Anna Frett, a native of Prussia ; they have six children, four daughters - Amelia, Rosa, Justina and Pauline, living in St. Louis - and two sons, John, civil engineer, in the Government service, Washington, D. C., and Albert, engaged in bu^siness here.

DR. J. H. BEAUMONT, homoeopathic physician and surgeon, office, Opera House Block, is a native of New York State, and was born in Champlain, Clinton Co., Feb. 12, 1818 ; he grew up and attended school there, and began reading medicine ; he came West to Northern Indiana, and in 18-19 he came to Stephenson Co. and located in Freeport; he began the study of medicine under allopathic system, but being convinced in his own mind of the superior advantages of the principles of Hahnemann, he pursued his studies under that system, and graduated at Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, in 1863, and since then has practiced his profession here, and has a large and leading practice. In 1879, Dr. Beaumont was elected President of the Illinois Homoeopathic State Medical Association ; he is also a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy. Dr. Beaumont married Miss Alcista M. Bedee, a native of Kutland, Vt. ; they have three children - Emma A., now Mrs. Clark, of this city ; Rose A , now Mrs. Dr. Currier, of Sycamore, III.; John F., physician, after pursuing a thorough course of study, and graduating at Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, he went to New York, and took a regular course in the Ophthalmic Hospital connected with New York Homoeopathic College.

MRS. HEIiENA BECK, whose maiden name was Helena Reiser, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, in 1818 ; she grew up there, and came to America in 1847, and lived in Milford, Mass. In 1849, she married Frank Hertrich, a native of Bavaria, Germany ; they, came to Stephenson Co. in 1857 ; he engaged in the brewing business ; his death occurred in 1861 ; they had five children, all born in Milford, Mass., and only three are living - Helena, Paulina and Martha. In October, 1866, she married Charles T. Beck, a native of Bavaria, Germany ; he died in November, 1867 ; they had one son, Charles Frank.

W, L. BEE BE, retired farmer and stock -raiser, residence Galena avenue ; is a native of New York State, and was born Feb. 9, 1812 ; he grew up in that State. After reaching manhood, on the 11th of June, 18H5, he was united in marriage to Miss Sallie Ann Tripp, a native of Seneca C^., N. Y. ; they came to Michigan in 1838, and remained in that State two years; in 1840, they came to Illinois, bringing their furniture with them on a wagon, and beside that they had only $30 in money when they crossed the river at Oregon, in Ogle Co., where they settled. Mrs. Beebe lived in a shanty while her husband made several trips to Chicago with his team ; Mr. Beebe borrowed $50 and with this money entered 40 acres of land ; he and his wife both say that they felt rich when they owned their first 40 acres ; he entered 40 acres more ; they made a farm, and with industry and economy prospered ; lived in that county until 1862, and owned 600 acres of land, when they came to Stephenson Co. and engaged in farming and raising fine stock, and since then have lived in this county. Mr. Beebe had nothing when he began ; one winter he thrashed with a flail 2,200 bushels of grain, and ustd to cart grain with his team for 50 cents a day; he owns a large, valuable farm adjoining the city, and also owns one in Ogle Co. Mr. and Mrs. Beebe have eight children - Robert S., Henry T., Alexander I., Nancy E., Clarissa C, Milton B., Philip S. and Frank C. ; Mrs. Beebe's mother died in November, 1876 ; her father, 89 years old, and her six sisters and three brothers, are all living ; her brother, Robert Tripp, helped to capture JeflFerson Davis during the war ; Mr. Beebe's father came to Ogle Co. in 1837 ; he lived and died on the claim he first made, and was past 91 years of age at the time of his death.

ROBERT BELtli, proprietor of the Tremont House, corner of Clay and Chicago streets, is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Lebanon Co. Dec. 19,

1813; he grew up to manhood in that State; in April, 1843, he and his brother started for the West ; they rode on horseback all the way to Illinois, and arrived in Stephenson Co. in June, 1843 ; they located on Cedar Creek and began making a farm. In 1845, Mr. Bell was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Ann McCool, from Lewisburg, Union Co., Penn. ; she came with her parents to this county in 1841. Mr. Bell continued farming until 1877, when he came into the city, and in 1879 he opened the Tremont House ; he held the offices of County Supervisor, Road Commissioner and School Director. Mr. and Mrs. Bell have five children - Ellen Mary, now Mrs. Laird, in Nebraska ; James, living in Kansas ; Lucretia, Joseph and Eva at home.

D^Yf O BENSOl^, cashier for Mrs. J. Benson, dealer in fancy dry goods and notions, Opera House Block, 120 Stephenson street; is a native of Ohio, and was born in Cincinnati Sept. 2, 1825 ; he came to Rock Island in 1856. During the war he entered the service, enlisting in the 12th I. V. I., and was commissioned Captain of Co. D ; he afterward entered the service of the Illinois Centrdl Railroad, and remained with that company eight years. In 1864, Mr. Benson was united in marriage to Miss Jeanette Brown, a native of Michigan ; they came to Freeport in 1872, and Mrs. Benson established her present business ; she buys all of her goods, has the entire management of the business, and has successfully carried it on for the past eight years, having built up a large trade.

H. D. BENTLE Y, dealer in pianos, organs and all kinds of musical instruments and sheet music. No. 144 Stephenson street ; is a native of England, and was born in the city of London Dec. 5, 1848 ; his parents came to the United States in 1851 ; they came to Stephenson Co. and located in Freeport the same year ; he grew up and received his education here ; after leaving school, he entered the music store of Pelton & Pomeroy ; he went to Chicago with this firm and was book-keeper and cashier, and afterward did the buying for the extensive business of that house ; he remained there* five years, and in 1879 established his present business ; he has had a large practical experience in the music business ; he has unusual facilities for buying the best instruments, and by his energy is building up a large trade. Mr. Bentley was united in marriage Dec. 27, 1875, to Miss Elida Jane Pattison, daughter of Richard Pattison, of this city ; they have one son - Charles Johnson.

AUGUST BEBGMAX, of the firm of Bergman & Dorman, livery stable and dealers in agricultural implements, Bridge and Exchange streets ; is a native of Prussia, Germany, and was born Sept. 27, 1835; he came to the United States in 1852, and the same year came to Stephenson Co., and settled in Freeport ; he soon after engaged in making brick, and continued for eight years; in 1864, he engaged in the livery business, and, in 1867, he also engaged in the sale of farm machinery, in a small shanty ; they have carried on the business for thirteen years ; their trade has steadily increased, until now they have become one of the largest dealers in agricultural implements in the Northwest; their large and commodious brick block, fronting on Bridge and Van Buren streets, is fully occupied with their business. Mr. Bergman was elected Street Commissioner in 1864; he has held the office of Alderman six years, and other town offices. Mr. Bergman was united in marriage to Miss Mary Scharer, from Maryland, April 12, 1864 ; they have five children - August H., William, Mary, Minnie and Edith.

S. J. BEST, physician and surgeon, Stephenson St., Freeport ; is a native of Clinton Co., Penn., and was born June 22, 1837 ; his parents came West to Illinois during his early boyhood, and located in Stephenson Co. in 1847 ; he grew up and attended school here, then entered the seminary at Mt. Morris, where he remained five years ; he began reading medicine here for a short time, then went East and pursued his studies in the city of Philadelphia for five years, under the preceptorship of his uncle. Dr. A. J. Crotzer, and graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1860 ; after graduating, he returned to Freeport and engaged in the practice of medicine, and has practiced his profession here for twenty years ; he is a member of the Stephenson County Medical Society. In April, 1864, Dr. Best was united in marriage to MibS Kate S.

CHARIiKI^ BETTS, attorney at law ; is a native of Batavia, N. Y. and was born June 13, 1824; he grew up and received his education in that State; he entered the law office of Redfield & Pringle, and began readins: law ; he afterward continued his studies in the office of Hon. Isaac A. Verplank and Hon. John H. Martindale ; he was admitted to the bar at Rochester, N. Y., in 1847 ; the following year, he emigrated to the State of Illinois, and located at Freeport, which was then a very small place ; he engaged in the practice of law. In the political campaign of 1852, when quite a young man, he received, unsolicited, the nomination of the Whig party for the office of Auditor General of the State of Illinois; f^ince the political revolution of the country of 1858, Mr. Betts has acted with the Democratic party ; he indorsed the sentiments and prin ciples of Hon Stephen A. Douglas, and supported him with all his energies, and was his firm friend until his death ; at the Congressional Convention of the Democratic party of the Third Congressional District in 1870, he received, without solicitation, the nomination for Congress in this district, strongly Republican, and, where the candidate of his party was defeated two years previous by ten thousand majority, he reduced that majority nearly one-half; he continued the practice of his profession until within a short time. In August, 1878, Mr. Betts was united in marriage to Miss Mary C. Wilson, a native of this city ; they have one daughter.

BIJLLiKER & REINHOLD, manufacturers and wholesale dealers in fine cigars, 84 Stephenson St. ; the business was established in March, 1879, by W. G. Billker; he is a native of Germany; he came to Freeport in 1863; in March, 1880, Edward Reinhold became associated with him ; he is a native of Baltimore ; he came to Freeport in 1867 ; the firm became Billker & Reinhold ; they engaged in manufacturing cigars, and have built up a good trade in this State and in Iowa.

JOHN BIIiljERBECK, proprietor of the Vienna Bakery, Galena street, east of Galena avenue; is a native of Prussia, Germany, and was born Nov. 13, 1835 and came to America in 1853, and came to Freeport the same year; he has been engaged in business here over twenty years ; he established his present business, and is building up a nice trade. He belongs to the German Benevolent Society and to the Fire Department. In 1864, he married Miss Minnie Reineke, a native of Germany; he has five children - Anna, Anton, Lotta, Josie and Charlie

PETER BIXJLER, manufacturer of woodwork, carriages and buggies. Van Buren street, north of Bridge street ; is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Williamsport, Lycoming Co., Oct. 29, 1847; he grew up and learned his trade there; he came West, and located in Freeport, in 1868, and engaged in his present business in 1870, and has carried it on since then, and has built up a good trade. He is a member of Winnesheik Lod^'e, No. 30, I. 0. 0. F.,also, a member Go. C, C N. G. He married Miss Sarah C. Dubbs, a native of Pennsylvania ; she died Oct. 26, 1876, leaving two sons - Harry F., born Dec. 3, 1870 ; Samuel R., born Dec. 22, 1873.

DAXIEL S. BOGAR, merchant, dealer in dry goods and groceries, 153 Stephenson street ; is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Lewisburg, Union Co., Aug. 16, 1823 ; he grew up to manhood in that State ; he came to Stephenson Co., in 1850, but did not locate here permanently until 1852 ; he entered a store as clerk ; he was afterward express on the I. C. R. R. In 1860, he engaged in mercantile business. He has held the office of Postmaster at McConnell's Grove. In 1866, Mr. Bogar, was united in marriage to Miss Hattie E. Buckley, a native of Unadilla, Otsego Co , New York. They have one daughter - Ettie J.

GEORGE BORDNER, of the firo. of Bordner & Rosebrough, wholesale and retail dealers in coal, water lime and stucco ; is a native of Union Co., Pa,, and was born March 19, 1824; he grew up to manhood in that State; he went to New York State, and remained a few years, and came West to Illinois, in 1848. and arrived in Freeport, October 24, of that year ; he worked at anything he could find to do, and afterward engaged in farming ; very few men worked harder than Mr. Bordner to get started ; at that time there was very little money to be had ; he has cradled oats for 20 cents an acre, and had to take store pay; he split rails for Hon. J. H. Addams for 50 cents per hundred, and walked three miles to his work ; in 1866, he engaged in the livery business, and continued for seven years ; then engaged in shipping horses East and South; in 1876 he engaged in his present business. He is also a member of the firm of J. E. Rosebrough & Co., grain dealers, at Ashton, 111. Mr. Bordner was united in marriage, Oct. 24, 1850, to Miss Lovina Roush, from Center Co., Pa. ; they have had eight children, four of whom survive - Minerva M., Etta, Delia and Lyma.

D. B. BREED, of the Journal Printing Co., is a native of New York State, and was born in Jamestown, Chautauqua Co., Oct. 1, 1852 ; when 14 years of age he came to IlHnois, and entered the Journal printing office at Amboy, Lee Co. ; the following year he came to Freeport and entered the printing office of the Freeport Journal^ and has been connected with the office since then, and has filled every position from " devil " up; he has been interested in the business of the office since 1873. He holds the office of City Treasurer ; was elected to that position in April, 1880. Mr. Breed is prominently identified with the Masonic order, and has held the position of Secretary of M. R. Thompson Lodge for a number of years.

31. V. BROWN, dealer in coal, hides,wool, seeds, lime and stucco ; office and yard foot of Stephenson street; is a native of Huron Co, Ohio, and was born June 1, 1838 ; his parents came to Stephenson Co. in 1853 ; he grow up and attended school here ; after reaching manhood, he engaged in his present business, and has carried it on for the past twenty years ; there are few men in this county and adjoining counties, in this line of business, who are as well and favorably known, and he has a large established trade. Mr. Brown was united in marriage July 24, 1862, in this city, to Miss Matilda S. Sherbondy ; they have one son - William. Mr. Brown is prominently identified with the Masonic order, having taken all the degrees except the 33d.

BENJAMIN T. BUCKLEY, physician and surgeon. Exchange street, opposite court house ; is a native of Unadilla, Otsego Co.. N. Y., and was born Sept. 18, 1825 ; he grew up and attended school there, and came West to Illinois, with his father and family ; they arrived in Stephenson Co. in April, 1846 ; they located in Harlem Township, only a short distance from the city ; he studied medicine, and attended lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, and graduated from that institution in 1852 ; after graduating, he engaged in the practice of medicine, and since then has practiced his profession here, except four years he practiced in California. He has held the office of Examining Surgeon for Pensions, and has served in the City Council. In October, 1857, Dr. Buckley was united in marriage to Miss Lila A. Sabin, from Ohio ; they have two sons - Charles S. and Benjamin R.

HON. HORATIO C. BIJRCHARD, Director of the United States Mints, was born at Marshall, Oneida Co., N. Y., Sept. 22, 1825 ; his parents were Horatio Burchard and Frances (Chapin) Burchard, both of Springfield, Mass. ; ia 1840, he removed with the family to Beloit, Wis. ; he attended school there, and afterward entered Hamilton College, New York, and graduated from that institution in 1850 ; he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Monroe, Green Co., Wis., in 1852 ; in 1854, he took charge of the Freeport, 111., schools, as General Manager and Head Teacher ; in 1855, he became associated with Thomas I. Turner, under the style of Turner & Burchard, for the practice of law ; in 1856, E. P. Barton, Esq., was admitted as a partner, and, T. I. Turner retiring in 1858, the firm of Burchard & Barton was continued until 1864, when H. M. Baruum, Esq., was added to the firm, which continued until 1871, when Mr. Burchard retired from the firm after being elected to Congress ; in 1862, he engaged in mercantile business, in the hardware trade, and associated with his brother, Jesse Burchard, under the firm name of H. C. Burchard & Bro., which was continued until 1869, while in the interim, he was professionally and successfully occupied in the courts of Stephenson and adjoining counties. From 1857 to 1860, he was School Commissioner of Stephenson Co., 111.; in 1863 and 1865, he was a prominent member of the Legislature of Illinois ; in the session of 1863, he was a member of the Committee on Claims, and in that of 1865, was Chairman of the Committee on Banks and Corporations ; during the war session of the Legislature he warmly and efficiently sustained the war measures of Gov. Yates for the support of the war and the relief of the soldiers ; he introduced and supported several very important bills, which became laws upon our statute books, among them was the bill allowing the soldiers to vote, and the Registration law ; he was prominent in opposing and defeating the bill introduced by the Democrats, for the purpose of taking the appointing power from Gov. Yates, and vesting it in a Commission ; he introduced the bill authorizing the payment of bounties to soldiers. In 1869, he was elected to Congress, at a special election held to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of E. B. Washburne ; he was successively elected to the 42d, 4'4th and 45th Congresses; during the 41st Congress, serving upon the Committee on Banking and Currency, of which Gen. Garfield was chairman, the first speeches of Mr. Burchard were in connection with the tariff question, in the earliest of which hediscussed the subject at length ; he also discussed largely the subject of the currency, dwelling on the office of money, the necessary supply of coin, the value of circulation required, the actual amount in circulation in our own and other countries, and several other important questions ; the conclusion of his able speech was as follows : " We are returning safely, slowly, surely, to the goal of a sound, redeemable currency, from which eight years ago we, perhaps necessarily, departed ; the country rejoices to see the national credit restored, and a stable standard of value regained, unaided by Congressional legislation, and controlled by the higher laws of trade and commerce during the present session ; the difference between the paper and specie standard has diminished half; without shock to business or financi il revulsion, gold has fallen from 180 to 10 per cent premium, and almost gained the point of departure." At the beginning of his second term of Congress, his mastery of economical and financial subjects was recognized in his appointment on the Committee of Ways and Means ; by careful and exhaustive study of the questions that came before him, and by the force of argument with which he sustained his conclusions on the floor, he proved himself one of the ablest members of this important committee ; he was continued upon the Committee of Ways and Means during the remainder of his Congressional service ; after his election to the 45th Congress, the grave question arose as to the method of counting the Electoral votes ; a committee was appointed to inquire into the privileges, powers and duties of the House of Representatives ; he was appointed on that committee, and presented, on behalf of the Republican members, a minority report ; he brought forth other important measures, one relating to the laws of internal revenue, another bill authorizing the receiving of postal saving deposits, a bill which authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to receive saving deposits through the money-order post offices ; the latter received favorable report from the Committee of Ways and Means, and was placed upon the general calendar, and was not reached for action on the House calendar. In February, 1879, Mr. Burchard received the appointment of Director of the United States Mints, and entered upon the duties of his office on the 5th of the following month. In politics, he is a firm and consistent Republican, and to the support of his party brings abilities of no mean order, and the prestige of an honorable reputation and unsullied record. Mr. Burchard was united in marriage May 15, 1861, to Miss Jane Lawver, daughter of M. Lawver, an old and honored resident of Stephenson Co. ; they have one son - Edward Lawver, born Sept. 5, 1867.

JESSE BURCHARD, of the firm of Burchard & Scott, wholesale and retail dealers in hardware, iron and carriage stock, 119 Stephenson street; is a native of Oneida Co., N. Y., and was born Dec. 9, 1830 ; when 10 years of age, his parents came West to Beloit, Wis., in 1840, and he grew up to manhood in that State; he came to Stephenson Co. and located in Freeport in 1862, and engaged in the hardware trade, the firm being H. C. Burchard & Brother, he having the active management of the business ; Mr. Burchard has successfully carried on the business for the past seventeen years ; in 1875, the firm became Burchard & Scott; they have a large wholesale and retail trade, they carry a large stock, and are one of the heaviest mercantile firms in this section of the State. Mr. Burchard was united in marriage May 29, 1866, to Miss Lizzie C. Fry, daughter of Hon. C. J. Fry, of this city ; they have four children - Charles J., George H., Mary E. and Fannie.

J. C BURBAWK, homoeopathic physician and surgeon ; office, Munn's Block, corner of Stephenson and Van Buren streets-; is a native of Bradford Co., Penn., and was born in the town of Towanda ; he grew up and received his education in that State ; he studied medicine, and graduated at the Pennsylvania Homoeopathic Medical College in 1856 ; he is also a graduate of the Pennsylvania Hospital ; he came West to Illinois in 1856, and located at Polo, Ogle Co., and practiced his profession there until 1869, when he removed to Janesville, Wis.; in 1873, he came to Freeport, and since then has practiced his profession here. Dr. Burbank has held the position of Vice President of the Illinois Homoeopathic Medical Society ; while living in Ogle Co., held various town and school offices ; he has no taste for office, and devotes his whole energies to his profession. Dr. Burbauk was united in marriage, Jan. 19, 1860, to Miss Martha M. Belding, a native of Bradford Co., Penn.; they have four children - Hattie B., Wilbur A., Fred and Roy : they have lost one daughter, Sophia.

JOHX BURREIiL., of the firm of Emmert & Burrell, wholesale and retail dealers in drugs, medicines, paints and oils, No. Ill Stephenson street; is a native of Westmoreland Co., Penn., and was born Feb. 20, 1830 ; he grew up and attended school there ; after reaching manhood, he came West to Illinois, and located in Stephens n Co. in the spring of 1851 ; he entered a drug store as clerk the first year, and the fi.llowing year he became a partner in the store, and has been connected with the business for twenty-eight years, and, with one exception, is the oldest merchant in the city. He has held the offices of Supervisor and Collector, and school offices. In 1853, Mr. Burrell was united in marriage to Miss Augusta E. Burnside, a native of Indiana ; they have three children - Florence (now Mrs. S. Hermanns, of Morris, 111.), Lillian A. and William Burnside.

BURRELiIi BROTHERIS, wholesale and retail dealers in groceries and provisions, 110 Stephenson street; the firm is composed of Lewis F., Henry and Daniel W.; the business was established in 1856 by Lewis F., the senior member of the present firm. He is a native of Westmoreland Co., Penn., and came to Stephenson Co. in 1850 ; he carried on the business until 1870, when he went to Chicago, and became connected with the extensive printing, binding and stationery house of Culver, Page & Hoyne, and since then has been a member of that firm, still retaining his interest in the firm of Burrell Brothers. Henry Burrell is a native of Westmoreland Co., Penn., and came to Freeport in 1850 ; he grew up to manhood here, and learned the tinner's trade ; he was engaged in the hardware trade in Winnebago Co. for eight years ; he became a member of the present firm in 1874 ; during the war, he enlisted in Company G, 15th Regiment, I. V. L, and served two years; participated in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth and Vicksburg ; he was commissioned Lieutenant, and served in that position in the 6th Miss. Reg. Colored Infantry ; he was afterward promoted and commissioned Captain of Co. F, 142d I. V. I., and commanded that company until the close of the war. He was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Steves, a native of Winnebago Co., in 1867. Daniel W. is a native of Pennsylvania, and came here with his parents in 1850 ; he grew up to manhood here, and has had a large pracical experience in the grocery business.

REV. B. B. BYERIS, Pastor of the Evangelical Church ; is a native of Ashland Co., Ohio, and was born Feb. 5, 1835 ; he grew up to manhood, and received his education in Ohio and Illinois; he entered the ministry in 1856 ; he came to Freeport in 1859 ; besides preaching here many years, has served eight years as Presiding Elder. Mr. Byers has been successfully engaged in the ministry for the past twentyfour years. Mr. Byers was united in marriage to Miss Susan E. Barshinger, from Pennsylvania, April 5, 1859 ; they have six children.

BR. ,W. S. CAIjBWELiL, physician and surgeon, 122 Stephenson St. ; is a native of Southern Kansas, and was born Aug. 8, 1832 ; his father, Abner Caldwell, belongs to the celebrated Caldwell family, and he was an own cousin to John C. Calhoun. When fourteen years of age, Dr. Caldwell went to Michigan, where he com^ pleted his literary course ; then began his extended course in the study of medicine at the University of Michigan ; he also pursued the study of medicine and surgery in Cincinnati, Philadelphia, New York, Berlin, Vienna, Paris and London. Dr. Caldwell came to Jo Daviess Co., in 1856, with only $20 in his pocket; he taught school one winter, then engaged in the practice of his profession at Elizabeth, where he remained fifteen years; then removed to Warren, where he remained seven years, and built up a large and very successful practice; in April, 1877, he went abroad and spent two years in Europe, pursuinij his studies in Berlin, Vienna, Paris and London ; upon his return, in June, 1879, he located in Freeport, and since then, within one year, has a larger and more successful practice than any physician outside of Chicago. Dr. Caldwell has received five diplomas from different medical institutions ; he is a great student, and devoted to the interests of his profession.

M. O. CHAMBERIjIN, dealer in hats, caps, furs and gents' furnishing goods, Stephenson street, corner Chicago street ; is a native of Onondaga Co., N. Y., and was born Aug. 23, 1829 ; he grew up to manhood in that State; he came West to Illinois, and located in Freeport, in 1853, and established his present business ; he has carried on the business for twenty seven years, and is, with one exception, the oldest merchant in Freeport, and is the oldest dealer in hats, caps and gents' furnishing goods in this section of the State ; he carries a full stock of the best and most standard goo^s, and has the leading established trade. Mr. Chamberlin was united in marriage, Jan. 3, 1855, to Miss Louise V. Loveland, a native of Hartford, Conn. ; they have six children, three sons and three daughters.

JAMES B. CHILiDS, deceased ; was a nativeof the State of Pennsylvania, and was born in Bucks Co., in May, 1815 ; he grew up to manhood there, and learned the trade of cabinet and sash maker ; he came West to Illinois, and settled in Stephenson Co. in 1842, and began working at his trade ; he bought land on Stephenson street, and improved it. In November, 1853, he was united in marriage to Miss Hannah D. Reel, a native of Chester Co., Penn; she came to this county in 1852. Mr. Childs was engaged in building, and made substantial improvements to the city; he was honored with many offices of trust, having been elected a member of the Board of Supervisors, Assessor and School Treasurer, and other town and school offices ; he was identified with the interests of the city and county until his death, which occurred in 1868; he left one daughter - Anna M., now Mrs. John V. Vickers. Mrs. Childs has lived in her present location, corner Galena and Mechanic streets, since 1853.

SILAS D. CLARK, Galena Ave. ; is a native of Bennington Co., Vt., and was born April 14, 1810; he grew up from early boyhood in the State of New York, and lived there until he came West in 1849, to Stephenson Co., and located in Freeport ; he engaged in mercantile business, and continued in trade here for some years ; he also engaged in contracting and building railroads. Mr. Clark entered from Government a part of the farm where he now lives, within the city limits. He has held the office of City Alderman. In 1833, he was united in marriage to Miss rmily Keith, a native of Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; they have one son - George W., engaged in the grain trade here, and have lost one son - Russell.

GILBERT M. CLAYTON, dealer in toys and fancy goods, Stephenson St. ; is a native of New York City, and was born Feb. 22, 1826 ; he grew up and attended school there; when 17 years of age, he came West with his parents to Cliicago, when that city contained only 8,000 people ; he entered the extensive mercantile house of xllexander White & Co., who were then, and for many years, the largest dealers in paints and oils in that city, or west of it ; he remained with this house for ten years; he came to Freeport in 1853, and estnblished the same character of business ; he had, besides his own capital, an unlimited letter of credit from Alexander White & Co. ; he bought carefully, and, with his large experience and energy, built up an extensive trade ; he carried on the business for twenty-five years, and was noted for his enterprise and liberality ; he built one of the finest dwellings in the city ; in aiding others he became embarrassed in business, and was obliged to suspend ; the letters received from his creditors bore high testimony to his business integrity. In 1819, Mr. Clayton waa united in marriage to Miss Catharine C. Miller, from Rahway, N. J. ; they have five children - Sylvester, Joseph, Addie, Freddie and John Middleton.

JUDGE JOHlir COATES, attorney and counselor at law, Exchange St., opposite court house ; is a native of Lycoming Co., Penn., and was born June 23. 1819 ; he grew up and attended school there, and after reaching manhood came West to Illinois, in 1845, and began reading law; he came to Stephenson Co. in 1847, and the following year, in the spring of 1848, was admitted to the bar ; after being admitted, he engaged in the practice of law. In 1853, he was elected County Judge of Stephenson Co., and held that oflBce four years ; he has held the offices of City Attorney, Justice of the Peace, County Attorney and Supervisor. Judge Coates was united in marriage, Nov. 10, 1856, to Mrs. Ellen V. Carroll, a native of Princeton, N. J., and widow of Rev. James W. Carroll, Presbyterian minister. Judge Coates is, with one exception, the oldest attorney in practice in this county. Judge Coates has, for a great many years, been a consis-^ent member of the Presbyterian Church ; he helped to organize the Second Presbyterian Church, and was, for many years,' one of its strongest supporters. Judge and Mrs. Coates have one daughter - Helen J., now in Europe, completing her musical education ; she graduated at a seminary in Pennsylvania in 1877, then went abroad, and, for one and a half years, studied music in Dresden, and is now in Switzerland.

ROWELiLj COIiBY, residence corner Walnut and Clay Sts. ; is a native of Grafton Co., N. H., and was born March 20, 1809 ; he grew up in that State. After reaching manhood, in 1833, he was united in marriage to Miss Abigail Livingston, daughter of Maj. William Livingston, of Massachusetts. In 1835, Mr. Colby went to Rochester, N. Y., and was in business there ten years ; in 1845, he came West on an exploring trip, traveled through thirteen States, and upon his return figured up his expense, and the whole amount for the trip was only $25, such was the hospitality of the people ; he says that he did not beg nor steal. Mr. and Mrs. Colby came VVest in a covered wagon, to Stephenson Co. and located permanently in December, 1849 ; he did not have a surplus dollar in the world ; the first year he had to walk three miles to work, and only got 50 cents a day, and had to take his pay in trade ; he began making a farm ia Silver Creek Township; he has cut and carted hay and sold it for $1.50 per ton ; he made one of the finest improved and most valuable farms in Stephenson Co. ; he continued farming until a few years ago ; since then he has lived here in the city. Mr. Colby is a consistent member of the M. E. Church, and is an ardent advocate of temperance ; he has written a series of able and convincing articles on temperance and other subjects. Mr. and Mrs. Colby have had seven children, five of whom survive - Edward L., a merchant in Freeport ; Albert H., engaged in farming in this county; Leonard W., attorney at law, Beatrice, Neb. ; David R., Abbie J., now Mrs. Dr. Foster, of New York.

ALiBERTUS COLIillANlS, wholesale dealer in leaf tobacco, corner Adams and Clay Sts. ; is a native of Germany, and was born in the Kingdom of Hanover, Nov. 27, 1828 ; after reaching manhood he came to the United States, in 1849, and came to Stephenson Co. in the fall of the same year, and began making a farm ; he continued farming until 1865, when he came to the city and engaged in mercantile business, and buying and selling tobacco ; he sells his tobacco in the Eastern markets, and exports to Hamburg and Bremen; Mr. Collmann is a member of the banking firm of M. Hettinger, Collmann Bros. & Co. ; he is a stockholder and Director in the German Insurance Co. ; he is a large landholder in Iowa, owning several larjre farms there under cultivation ; he had very little when he came here, and owes his success to his own efforts and good management. He married Miss Henrietta Janssen, a native of Hanover, Germany ; they have six children - Gelle, Rosa, Onnie, George, Willie and Alice.

C O. COLLMANN, of the banking house of M. Hettinger, Collmann Brothers & Company, Chicago street, north of Galena avenue ; is a native of Germany, and was born in the Kingdom of Hanover Nov. 1, 1822 ; he grew up to manhood there and came to the United States in June, 1850; he came West to Illinois, and located in Stephenson Co. the same year, and engaged in farming in Ridott Township ; he continued farming until 1866, when he came to Freeport and engaged in mercantile business ; he continued the business nine years ; in 1876, he engaged in the banking business, and became a member of the present firm upon its organization. Mr. Collmann is a stockholder and Director in the German Insurance Company ; he has held the position of Vice President of the company two years, and was elected President of the company two years; he has held the position of Treasurer of the company for the past six years. In 1855, Mr. Collmann was united in marriage to Miss Aafke Rademaker, a native of Hanover, Germany; they have nine children - Rosa, John, Lena, Maggie, Jennie, Ormie. Willie, Harry and Charlie.

J. A. COTTON, freight and ticket agent of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad ; is a native of Greene Co., Penn., and was born March 13. 1835 ; during early boyhood his parents moved to Zanesville, Ohio ; he came to Rockford, 111., in 1852 ; he began railroading in 1857, with the Racine & Mississippi Railroad ; he was agent for the road at Durand, at Davis, at Delavan and at Freeport, and was afterward appointed Division Superintendent from Freeport to Rock Island ; when the present corporation came in control of this road, he became connected with the Rockford, Rock Island & St. Louis Railroad, as agent at Rock Island, and was then appointed general agent of the line at St. Louis, and remained there several years, when he returned to Freeport and accepted his present position ; he is one of the oldest officials connected with the road. In 1860, Mr. Cotton was united in marriage to Miss Minerva Coshun, a native of New York; they have three daughters - Lizzie, Maggie and Emma.

A. B. proprietor of Crandell's Commercial College, Stephenson street, corner Adams; is a native of Mercer Co., 111., and was born Aug. 5, 1858 ; he grew up and received his education in this State, completing his commercial course at the Davenport Business College, and afterward engaged in teaching ; he came to Freeport in 1879, and on the first of January became proprietor of the school.

HENRY DAVIN, of the firm of Mernitz & Davis, blacksmiths and wagonmakers, Bridge street, is a native of Stephenson Co., and was born in Freeport Aug. 14, 1850 ; he grew up and learned his trade here ; he continued working at his trade until recently, when he associated with Mr. Mernitz and engaged in their present business. In 1876, he married Miss Lizzie Koym, of this city ; they have two children - Walter and Emma. ^ li. M. DEVORE, manufacturer of the Stover wind-mill and Devore's rotary feed grinder, corner Stephenson and Walnut streets; is a native of Bedford Co., Penn., and was born July 4, 1845 ; his parents came to Stephenson Co. in 1854 ; he grew up and attended school here. Upon the breaking-out of the rebellion, he entered the service ; he was so young they would not allow him to go in the ranks ; he was with the 46th I. V. I; then served as Colonel's orderly in the 71st I. V. I.; he afterward enlisted, and served in Company G, 149th Ohio V. I.; he was wounded in the battle of Monocacy Junction. After the war, he returned here, and in 1876 engaged in the agricultural implement business ; in 1877, he was connected with and had an interest in the Stover Wind Engine Company ; in 1878, he established his present business, and is building up a large trade ; he has held the office of Justice of the Peace. In 1868. Mr. Devore was united in marriage to Miss Julia B. Higley, a native of Vermont ; they have three children - Edith, Julia and Mabel.

JOSEPH EMMERT, of the firm of Emmert & Burrell, wholesale and retail dealers in drugs, medicines, paints and oils. No. Ill Stephenson street ; is a native of Lebanon Co., Penn., a-.d was born March 13, 1831 ; in early boyhood, removed to Center Co., and grew up and attended school there; after reaching manhood, he came West to Illinois, and located in Freeport in 1855, and engaged in the drug trade ; the business was established by his brother, John S. Emmert, in 1846; Emmert s drug store is well known throughout the county and this section of the State, and the house has a large established trade ; Mr. Emmert has been connected with the house a quarter of a century. In 1862, Mr. Emmert was united in marriage to Miss Mary Cochran, a native of Pittsburgh, Penn. ; she came to Freeport in 1859.

W. ElIHERT, manufacturer of the Climax churn and step-ladders, Manufacturers Island ; is a native of Lebanoo Co., Penn., and was born July 7, 1833 ; he grew up and attended school in Center Co., and learned the trade of carriage- maker ; after reaching manhood, he came West to Illinois, and arrived in Freeport in May, 185-1 ; in 1861, he engaged in the hardware trade, and continued for four years ; he ran a tug boat on the Pecatonica River for two years ; in 1868, he engaged in his present business, and has successfully carried it on for the past twelve years, and has built up a large trade ; when he began life he had nothing, and owes his success to his own efforts. In 1855, Mr. Emmert was united in marriage to Miss Sarah L. Mease, a native of Pennsylvania; they have four children - Carrie J., Wesley, Mollie and William.

ADOIiPH F. ERFERT, with Beyer & Seyfarth ; was born in Germany Oct. 3, 1848 ; he grew up there ; after reaching manhood, he came to the United States in 1871, and came to Freeport the same year. He married Miss Maggie Ellen Long, a native of this State, Feb. 18, 1876 ; they have pne son - Henry.

JOHIV ERFERT, dealer in groceries and provisions, 48 Stephenson street ; is a native of Prussia, Germany, and was born Jan. 14, 1835 ; he came to the United States in 1853, and came to Stephenson Co. in 1857 ; after remaining a short time, wett to Kansas, then came to Monroe, Wis., and lived there two years ; in 1861, he 1 cated permanently in Freeport, and in 1866 engaged in his present business, and has successfully carried it on for the past fourteen years, and has built up a good trade ; he had nothing when he reached this country, and owes his success to his own efforts. He has held the office of Assistant Supervisor, and is a Director in the German Insurance Company and a member of the Finance Committee ; he is prominently identified with the order of I. 0. 0. F., and has beeu Grand Representative to the Grand Lodge for many years. Mr Erfert was united in marriage Nov. 18, 1860. to Miss Nettie Mueller, a native of Hanover, Germany ; they have seven children - Fred. Ida. Alma, Birdie, Nettie, Walter and Clara.

JOHN H. FARINlirER, Galena avenue, south of Stephenson street ; is a native of York Co., Penn., and was born June 23, 1832 ; he grew up in that State and came to Freeport in 1854, and learned his trade here; in 1857, he returned to Pennsylvania ; in 1865, he again came to Freeport and engaged in his present business, and has carried it on since then. In Feb., 1862, he married Miss Mary Spotts, from York Co., Penn. ; they have eight children - John F., Mary E., Henry E., Ida J., Albert W., Tillie, Hattie and Mabel.

E. C FITCH, bakery and confectionery, 151 Stephenson street; is a native of Columbia Co., N. Y., and was born in 1827 ; he grew up in that State ; after reaching manhood, in 1853, he went to California; remained there five years, and came to Freeport in 1858, and engaged in the grain business; in 1861, engaged in railroading; was connected with the Racine & Mississippi and the Western Union Railroads for sixteen years, and held the position of Ticket Agent for ten years. Mr. Fitch married Miss Margaret Bonner, a native of Massachusetts ; they have four children - Harriet, Albert, Edward and Nellie ; they have lost two children - Benjamin and Margaret

JOHX FITZ, dialer in fresh and salted meats. Galena avenue, between Galena and Stephenson streets; is a native of Austria, and was born June 14, 1832 ; he grew up to manhood th-re, and came to the United States in 1864 ; lived in St. Louis and in Pennsylvania, and came to this county in 1867, and located in Freeport; he engaged in his present busines-s, and has carried it on since then ; has a good trade. He married Miss Louise Brel, a native of Germany, Jan. 25, 1869; they have three children - Albin, August and Alma.

Chicago ; is a native of Germany, and was born July 5, 1851 ; he grew up and learned the trade of stonecutter ; he came to the United States in 1868, and came to Frecport the same year, and began working at his trade in 1875; he engaged in stone-cutting business, and in 1878, established the Freeport Marble and Stone Works, and is building up a large trade in this city and county, and in adjoining counties. He is a member of Freeport Lodge, No. 239, I. 0. 0. F., and also of the Germania society. In 1874, he was united in marriage lo Miss Minnie Wittbaker, a native of this city; they have one daughter - Ada Louise.

JOHN F. FRANZ, of Franz Bros. & Co., dealers in dry goods and groceries; is a native of Stephenson Co., and was born in Freeport, March 25, 1856; he grew up and attended school here, and completed his education in Chicago and Milwaukee. In 1872, he engaged in mercantile business with his father; he has the active management of the business. He was united in marriage, Sept. 9. 1879, to Miss Johanna Schaedle, a native of Stephenson Co.

D. FRANZ, of the firm of Franz Bros. & Co., dealers in dry goods and groceries, corner Galena and Chicago streets ; is a native of Germany, and was born Sept. 29, 1822; he emigrated to the United States in 1840, and came to Stephenson Co. and settled in Freeport, in April, 1853, and has lived here twenty-seven years ; in 1865, he engaged in mercantile business, and has successfully carried on the business for the past fifteen years. When Mr. Franz came to this country he had nothing. He owes his success in life to his own efi"orts and good management ; he owns the brick block corner Chicago and Galena streets, two good farms and other property. On May, 1850, Mr. Franz married Miss Catharine Grosell, a native of Alsace, France ; they have nine children, four sons and five daughters.

PHILIP FREIDAG, of the firm of Freidag & Molher, manufacturers and dealers in harness, saddles and collars, 59 Stephenson street ; is a native of Genesee Co., N. Y., and was born in April 5, 1843 ; his parents came to Stephenson Co. in 1850 ; he grew up and learned his trade here ; he engaged in business for himself in 1869, and has built up a good trade. During the war he enlisted in the 46th I. V. I., Co. C, and served until the close of the war. In August, 1870, Mr. Freidag was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Knecht, of this city ; they have three children - Herman, Lizzie and Willie.

THOMAS FRENCH, residence corner Galena street and Galena avenue ; is a native of Burlington Co., N. J., and was born Dec. 12, 1815 ; he grew up to manhood and lived there until he came West to Illinois, and located in Freeport in September, 1854; he engaged in the hotel business, and continued successfully in that business until 1872 ; he has lived on the corner of Galena street and Galena avenue a quarter of a century ; his success in life is owing to his own efi"orts. In October, 1853, Mr. French was united in marriage to Miss Sarah B. Winchester, of Pennsylvania ; they have two children - one son, William L. D., attorney at law in this city, and one daughter, Ida I. engaged in teaching music.

PHIIilP FRONINGr, physician and surgeon, corner Galena street and Galena avenue; is a native of Prussia, Germany, and was born April 29, 1827; he grew up and received his education there, and studied medicine and graduated in a college of pharmacy in 1850 ; he came to the United States in 1855, and came to Stephenson Co. and located in Freeport in 1856, and engaged in the drug business; in 1865, he went to Germany and took a special course in medicine, and graduated at " The University of Bonn," Prussia, May 16, 1866; since then he has successfully practiced his profession here ; he built the block on the corner of Galena avenue and Galena street in 1869. He has held the office of Town Physician for six years. In 1855, he was united in marriage to Miss Maria Zenke, from Bremen, Germany ; they have three -children - Christian, Adolph and Matilda.

J. N. GALLOWAY, of the firm of Galloway & Snooks, proprietors of the Kreeport Soda Water Manufactory, corner Jackson and Walnut streets ; is a native of Lycoming Co., Penn., and was born April 22, 1837 ;' he came to Stephenson Co. and located in Freeport March 22, 1858 ; he associated with W. H. Snooks, and engaged in their present business in 1873; they have an increasing demand for their goods here and in several adjoining counties, and have a good trade. In 1862, Mr. Gallovray wa» united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Snyder, a native of St. Joseph Co., Mich. ; they have two children - Ida and Jennie. Mr. Glalloway is a member of Excelsior Lodge, A., F. & A. M.

S. B. GARDXER, passenger conductor C. &. N. W. R. R. ; residence Carrol street; is a native of Erie Co., Penn., and was born Aug. 14, 1836; his parents came West to Illinois in 1844; after reaching manhood he began railroading, on the old Galena & Chicago R. R., now the C. & N. W. R. R., and worked upon the construction of the road when it was built ; he run a freight train on this road for twelve years, and during that time he only laid off once, and then only for ten days, on account of sickness ; there are very few now connected with this great corporation that were with it when Mr. Gardner first entered its employ ; he came to Freeport to reside July 1, 1867. Mr. Gardner was united in marriage to Miss Esther Wright, a native of Syracuse, N. Y., Feb. 5, 1859 ; they have two sons - Friend J. and Freddie Day.

T. S. GElIMILIi, Assistant Postmaster, Freeport ; is a native of York Co., Penn., and was born Jan. 21, 1830 ; he grew up and attended school there ; after reaching manhood, he came to Stephenson Co., in 1853, and engaged in teaching school - the following year he entered the post oflSce, and was appointed Assistant Postmaster by F. W. S. Brawley ; he has held that position for twenty-six years, and is one of the oldest Government officials in the State. In October, 1870, Mr. Gemmill was united in marriage to Miss Maggie G. Baird, a native of Lycoming Co.,. Penn.; they have two children - Laura M, and Lizzie Edna.