Crawford County, Indiana - Chapter 21: Crawford County in Later Years, 1926

The people of Crawford County were still interested in good roads. Willis Pierson of Marengo was probably the first person to own an automobile in Crawford County.

Petitions for a pike road election were being circulated freely in Jennings township in 1902. An election was held that summer to see if the people wished to build a rock road from Leavenworth to the Jennings township line north of Turner Cox's home.

The election was exciting. The people in the corner of the township near the poor farm were very much opposed to the road. A. J. Batman and many others threatened to hang Captain Everdon because he favored the road. One man said that our grandchildren will never see the bonds paid for in their lifetime. The people who were to be the most helped by the road were the ones who fought it the hardest. The friends of the road were not idle. The writer was informed that they secured a ballot by some means and raised a fund of $25 and a keg of beer. With this slush fund the ballot was fought to the bitter end. Leavenworth, naturally, wanted the road. The trade would be increased and many men out of work would have a chance to secure employment. The northwest part of the township fought every inch of the way. When the votes

The bonds were advertised, but no one would buy them because the commissioners had changed the course of the road and the time was one day short. There were many other reasons for men not buying the bonds, but the two above were sufficient. The editor of the English News in commenting on the matter said that the people felt that it was a great blessing that the matter lost out. Later on the bonds were sold and the contract awarded to Mr. Fisher, who failed to complete the road. Then it cost the bond of Fisher about $1,600 a mile. After Fisher left M. C. Froman was made overseer. The men were divided into two groups. The groups met at Rufus Temple's home in the summer of 1908 and completed the road. This was one of the first roads built in the county.

The election of 1900 was an interesting one. The Democratic primary was held in the early spring. The Democrats nominated a good substantial ticket: Prosecutor, John Luckett; representative, Charles Myler; treasurer, D. F. Davis; recorder, G. W. Cuzzort; sheriff, John Gilliland; coroner, Bryan Davis; surveyor, Thomas Cunningham; assessor, Lewis Pfeiffer.

rowed about $500 and put that sum into the campaign funds, as they thought, but it is doubtful if it ever was spent for the party. They planned to elect the majority of trustees who would elect a county superintendent. Of course the county superintendent was to pay off this note. That was an excellent scheme, but the best of plans fail sometimes. The Democrats elected the county ticket. The vote was about as follows: Prosecutor, John Luckett (Dem) 1,694, James Stewart (Rep) 1,507; representative, Charles Myler (Dem) 1,665, George Sloan (Rep) 1,528; treasurer, D. F. Davis (Dem) 1,663, Joseph Blevins (Rep) 1,529; recorder, G. W. Cuzzort (Dem) 1,658, George Smith (Rep) 1,529; sheriff, John Gilliland (Dem) 1,711, Willis Harvey (Rep) 1,464; assessor, Lewis Pfeiffer (Dem) 1,690, W. H. Landrus (Rep) 1,497; surveyor, Cunningham (Dem) 1,694, Wm. Ott (Rep) 1,491.

The Democrats were not so successful in the trustee election: The following table shows the result: Boone, John Parr (Rep) ; Jennings, A. J. Beals (Dem) ; Johnson, BE. E. Lamon (Rep); Liberty, Leroy Weathers (Rep) ; Ohio, Luther Jones (Rep); Patoka, B. T. MeFarland (Dem); Sterling, J. C. Longest (Dem) ; Union, WW, Et, FE. Goldman (Rep); Whisky Run, Tom Kelly (Dem).

On June 23, 1900, at English occurred the unveiling of the monument of W. II. English, after whom the town was named. Honorable W. H. English, son of the noted W. H. English, presided at the meeting. When all was ready Miss Roma Fleming pulled the cord which released the veil. The English Capital Band played ''My Country 'Tis of Thee.'' Despite the heavy rains a large audience had gathered to witness the unveiling of the statue.

The Democrats at the fall election had elected the entire county ticket by a safe margin. The commissioners met in session November 3, 1900, and proposed to make a new township. James R. Duffin and Charles Fitzgerald produced maps and papers on which were the outlines of a new township. Just why the board of commissioners, to whom the people had entrusted the management of the county, should make a new township, one can not say. Surely nothing could be gained by it. The board united Boone and Ohio townships, each of which had elected Republican trustees. Then the new township was carved out of Union, Patoka and Sterling townships. S. T. Roberson, who was a loyal Democrat, was appointed trustee of this new township, which was named Taswell township. Jerry R. Crews, who was a very obliging citizen of Patoka, was appointed assessor of the new township. At the previous election Mr. Crews had been elected assessor of Patoka township. To fill that vacaney ''Pat'' Cannavan was appointed. The Democratic paper announced the action of the commissioners very favorably, but when the people heard the story a storm of protest was raised. Politicians claimed that it was a scheme to secure the election of a Democrat for county superintendent. Since the plan had changed the status of the board of trustees from five Republicans and four Democrats to five Democrats and four Republicans, one could not well deny that argument.

of about fifty men carried stretching argument. So at the February, 1901, meeting the board rescinded its action concerning the new township. The reader may think what he pleases about the whole affair, but it is the writer's duty to record the facts in the case and not express opinions.

On March 30, 1901, James Cates hanged himself with a rope For several days he had been acting queer and threatening to hang himself, but the boys kept a careful watch over him night and day. On Friday morning about nine o'clock he eluded the boys while they were interested in the last day of school at Cates schoolhouse which stood near his residence. When the body was found much excitement prevailed. The school was dismissed and the coroner called. He arrived late that night and held the inquest. Mr. Cates was the Republican candidate for assessor at the recent election in Jennings township. Men believed that the worry over his defeat caused him to lose his mind.

The census of Crawford County was taken in 1900 by D. F. Seacat, F. C. Landrus, C. J. Long, Robert McBurney, F. A. Thornbury, A. B. Robertson, M. E. Stewart, J. M. Miller, J. M. Riddle, James Bobbitt, J. R. Solan and Alex Priest. These men had a very diffienlt task to perform but they did it with distinction.

The books of the county officers were run by experts in 1901 and many errors were found. J. D. Fleming was charged with $2,477, W. Q. Ballard, $851 and Richard Clark with $700. Out of courtesy to Ballard one should say that he collected more fees than any other sheriff. He made his salary out of fees and turned in to the county $851 extra

The people of Crawford County were very much excited on hearing that William H. Cunningham, who lived about two miles south of English, had been severely flogged on December 7, 1901. Eight masked men rushed into the house and seized and tied him to a tree where he was terribly beaten. After being released they informed him that in the future the old man was to attend to his own business. The same night Dave Tyre was caught about four miles southeast of English. They gave him a good whipping, too.

John Holleroft of Alton made public a very interesting letter which was written by a soldier boy in 1863. Below is the letter in full which was published about 1901:

I am well at present and hope these few lines will find you the same. I am a prisoner of war. I have written home three times but get no answer. I want you to send me fifteen pounds of buttered crackers and ten pounds of fat bacon. I shall pay you some time. Anything the good people of Alton may send me will be appreciated. Send the box by express to Sergeant S. A. Clayecomb, Co. G, 65th Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. A prisoner of War, Belles Island, Richmond, Va.

The campaign of 1902 was one in which much hard work was done. The Democrats were much encouraged by the election of 1900 in which the county ticket was elected. At a meeting of the committee on January 24, 1902, 8S. A. Beals was chosen chairman.

The Democratic primary was fought out that spring. For sheriff T. P. Cummins, M. J. Brown and Pat Cannavan were candidates. Later Cannavan withdrew and Jerry Crews announced from Patoka. Judge Cook and Stockslager of Corydon were candidates for judge. By a gentlemanly agreement of some kind Perry County agreed to support our candidate for state senator. Then D. T. Stephenson, 8. A. Beals and Clark Crecelius became candidates. M. C. Froman, L. V. Byrum and John M. Scout were candidates for county commissioner. For commissioner of the second district, David E. Wright and Hardin P. Enlow were the leading candidates. For coroner, Rufus Y. Thomas and S. Miller announced; against Gregory for clerk, Davis for treasurer and Luckett for prosecutor there was no opposition. The fight for the nominee for sheriff was a very bitter one. Much opposition to M. C. Froman arose because of his relation to the new township. L. V. Byrum, who had been a candidate for commissioner in 1900, was in the race again. The primary drew to a close. The vote cast was extremely light. The following figures give the vote: Judge, Cook, 986, Stocklager, 238; senator, D. T.. Stephenson, 161, C. F. Crecelius, 334, 8. A. Beals, 620; prosecutor, John Luckett, 1,188; congress, W. T. Zenor, 1,217; clerk, W. L. Gregory, 1,180; sheriff, T. B.

Much hard feeling existed over the county. Martin J. Brown's friends were angry. The report was circulated on the eve of the primary that the men should vote for Cummins or Crews. One can not tell who was responsible for such a report. Brown, who was an old soldier, was an excelient man. No doubt he lost many votes by the report, for men just supposed he had withdrawn, but the matter caused discontent among Brown's friends.

The Republican party held a county convention at Grantsburg on June 7, 1902, at one o'clock. James Pro stated the purpose of the meeting. Jerry Suddarth was made chairman and C. A. Robertson secretary. O. E. Hawn nominated Joseph Bell for treasurer and Willis Harvey nominated C. A. Pierson. On the first ballot Bell received 133 votes and Pierson 21. For sheriff George Seaton nominated Fountain McMickle and George Wiseman nominated Henry Roberson. On the first ballot Roberson received 108 votes and MecMickle 46. Doctor Fetzer nominated Elwood Boyd for clerk. There being no opposition Boyd was nominated by acclamation. County assessor, Eli McKenzie; commissioner of first district, Sam Bird nominated Walter Coleman and George Jacobs nominated Peter Hilgert. On the first ballot Coleman received 95 votes and Hilgert 58. Doctor Hawn nominated Doctor Dantic for coroner and J. W. Senn named John Roberson.

At the close of the convention State Chairman Goodrich delivered an address. The delegates went home highly pleased with the ticket. No dissatisfaction existed in any form.

The Democrats entered the campaign under disagreeable circumstances. They claimed that they had paid off $14,000 of the county debt and had reduced the tax rate, too, during the first eight months of 1902. But they had no reasonable excuse for making Taswell township.

Much dissatisfaction existed among the Democrats because Perry County did not support Stewart Beals for state senator. It seems that Allen Payton, who was a prominent farmer of Spencer County, had persuaded the Perry County delegation to support him instead of S. A. Beals. Be that as it may, Payton was nominated at Rockport on June 31, 1902.

The Republican district convention met at Cannelton on September 6, 1902, and nominated Jeff Gibson of Branchville and William Winchell of Tobinsport for state senator and representative respectively.

The campaign was well under way when certain unkind remarks were made about Payton who had a church on his back. The Republican account of the affair appeared in the English News for October 17, 1902.

used much for several years. Some one made a fictitious entry on a certain tax duplicate describing the land by congressional townships and congressional lines, so that the people did not recognize the property when the site was advertised for taxes. Payton bought in the site for $2.18 and soon sold it for $100. No one knew anything about the matter till certain men came one day to tear down the old church. Then the whole affair became known, but nothing could be done to right the matter. This occurred in 1894, but the people had not forgotten the affair; so when Payton was nominated the whole affair came up again. Payton, with the church on his back, and the commissioners with Taswell township to account for, made matters very uncertain. Payton offered to pay $150 to the good Baptist people, but they would not accept it then. Certain graves were torn up on the plot of ground and the headstones broken down by the men who farmed it.

The Republicans were much pleased with the election, but news came that Trustee Jones, who had been elected in Ohio township, had turned Democrat. Such a thing had never happened before in the county. Jones had a legal right to turn Democrat if he wished, but he should have resigned the office. This he did not do, but agreed to enter the caucus with the Democratic trustees and vote for a Democratic county superintendent. He was a close friend of the writer at the time. Whatever his errors were, if he had any, one may now look over and spread the mantle of charity over his weakness. As a business man he was strictly on the square with the township's business.

When the news became known about Jones' action, candidates for county superintendent sprang up on all sides. There were Henry Mock of Taswell, who was a brilliant young man, a graduate of the State Normal; T. B. Sonner of English, who had been professor of the English schools for some time. He was born in Harrison County ; Luther Flanigan, of Milltown, who was born in a log cabin house over near the Wyandotte Cave. He was a graduate of the scientifie course of Danville Normal in 1900; Stuart A. Beals, of Leavenworth, who was reared in the township of Jennings. He had been one of the leading teachers of Leavenworth for several years.

The Democratic trustees were surprised at the action of Trustee Jones. They hardly knew what to do. They could not elect anyone by themselves. They had nothing to lose and a chance to gain. So they called a caucus several weeks before election to see what Trustee Jones would really do.. To their great joy he was one of the first to be present. The four Democrats gave him the hand of fellowship. Tickets were made out of small slips of yellow paper. The five agreed that anyone who received three out of the five votes should be the nominee. One trustee told the writer that at first they folded the papers so that one could not see how each one voted. That was a hot morning. The air was suffocating in the dusty room where they were balloting. The vote stood: Beals 2, Flanigan 1, Mock 1, Sonner 1. The next ballot Beals would lose one and some other man would gain one. After about three hours of balloting one trustee said that they became careless and threw the ballots into the hat unfolded but name down. He knew that Kelly was for Flanigan every time. Suddenly he saw Jones throw his ballot into the hat and it flipped up so that he could see Flanigan's name on it. He quickly wrote Flanigan's name on his ballot and threw it into the hat. By that act Flanigan was nominated.

Later pressure was brought to bear upon Trustee Jones. One of his old friends went to see him and had a long talk with him. He urged Jones to come back to the party which had honored him by electing him trustee. Jones listened with courtesy, treated the visitor with kindness but would promise nothing. So the Republicans were disappointed. They saw that Charles Robertson, who was one of the best school men in southern Indiana, would be defeated for re-election. They decided to try another scheme. There was a chance that Trustee Beals might vote for S. A. Beals if the four Republican trustees would. By that act they could beat Jones and defeat the caucus nominee. As the election drew near rumors were numerous about what would happen. No one was sure. The fatal day came. All were present. Beals won on the first ballot. Flanigan, who was a courteous gentleman, took the defeat gracefully, which was characteristic of a warm-hearted and high-minded citizen. Thus ended one of the queerest elections for county superintendent ever held in Indiana.

Superintendent Beals took his office in June, 1903. He engaged Doctor Rigdon of Danville and Juha Freed of Corydon as institute instructors for the county institute that fall. The institute was held at Leavenworth in the Presbyterian church. This was the last institute held in Leavenworth.

Probably one of the most destructive tornadoes which ever visited Crawford County passed south of English on April 3, 1903. Mrs. Jonathan Cunningham's log house was torn down. Mrs. Cunningham was killed and Sheridan 'Cunningham was crippled. His trousers were blown from his home to Jerry Batman's farm, about four miles north of Milltown, a distance of about six miles. Batman sent Sheridan's trousers back to him. Martin S. Grant and Walter May, who lived near Sulphur, were going home from English with a team of mules and a wagon. The wind caught them and carried the wagon and team over a hundred yards before they were brought back to earth. The mules had their harness torn off of them and the men were badly hurt. Henry Barnett's house, which was in the path of the storm, was torn down. Joseph Pirtle's

The Democratie party put out a very strong ticket in 1904. One of the strongest candidates they had was Professor Thomas Sonner, who was a leading educator of the county. Richard Crews, of Taswell, who had been elected county sheriff in 1902, was on the ticket again. He was a jolly good fellow who won votes everywhere he went. He was elected by 198 votes over Henry Roberson, while Sonner won by 152. The whole county ticket was elected.

The trustees were elected that year. The Democrats sleeted six. That assured the re-election of S. A. Beals for county superintendent. The trustees were: Boone, Bloom Riddle, Rep.; Jennings, J. E. Stephenson, Dem.; Johnson, Lee Wright, Dem.; Liberty, John Bird, Rep.; Ohio, William Fesler, Rep.; Patoka, James M. Tucker, Dem.; Sterling, Will Brown, Dem.; Union, Wallace Myler, Dem.; Whisky Run, Jerry Batman, Dem.

The schools of Crawford County were rather short the year of 1904-5. Many townships had only about eighty days of school. Plans were made at Indianapolis by which ~ state aid might be secured for these poor townships, so that they might have six months of school next year.

The election of 1906 was a very exciting one. The Republican convention met at Grantsburg on August 11, 1906. Chairman Lambdin called the meeting to order and stated its purpose. The following ticket was placed in the field for election:

George Hester, who was a candidate for Congress, wes present and delivered an oration. Sam Lambdin, who was elected county chairman on January 26, 1906, was leadex of the meeting.

The Democratic primary put a strong ticket in the field Zenor and Cox were running for Congress. Their muddis was causing trouble over the county. The contestants for the other offices were: Clerk, W. L. Gregory, "'Ab"' Froman; sheriff, James Hanger, Charles Roberson; recorder, Goons Cuzzort, H. G. Heishman; county assessor, James Brown; coroner, Mitch Snider ; commissioner, Virg Byrum

According to the custom of the party Cuzzort and Gregory were entitled to the second nomination, but to their surprise, Mr. Froman of English and Mr. Heishman announced themselves as candidates against them.

The real contest was between James Hanger of Jennings township and Charles Roberson of Union township. Both were Democratic war horses. Hanger proposed for the good of the party that he and Roberson should decide the matter with their friends, but Roberson refused to let their friends decide the case. So nothing remained except a bitter contest.

joint senator, Benz, Dem., 169 majority over S. M. Stewart, Rep.; treasurer, T. B. Sonner, 1,279; coroner, J. M. Snider, Dem., 158 majority over Tom Austin, Rep.; recorder, Cuzzort, Dem., 250 majority over E. E. Lamon, Rep.; sheriff, James Hanger, Dem., 93 majority over D. M. Seaton, Rep.; assessor, James Brown, Dem., 55 majority over Perry Sloan, Rep.; commissioner, first district, L. V. Byrum, Dem., 200 majority over Walter Coleman, Rep.; commissioner, second district, Wm. Lambdin, Dem., 46 majority over John Deich, Rep.; commissioner, third district, Jerry Russell, Dem., 166 majority over H. A. Switzer, Rep.; clerk, W. L. Gregory, Dem., 263 majority over E. G. Boyd, Rep.

After election trouble came up about the clerk's office. Gregory filed suit to compel Boyd to surrender the office. But Boyd contended that Gregory was not entitled to the office till his term began. The case was carried to the Supreme Court where the matter was decided in Boyd's favor. Stotsenberg and Weathers defended Boyd.

At his home in Leavenworth on April 23, 1908, occurred the death of Senator John Benz. He was born in Germany May 9, 1834, and came to America when he was a young man. Benz became a tailor. He worked hard to get enough to buy a bolt of goods, from which he made suits for men. He soon accumulated sufficient funds to enable him to go into business on a larger scale. He became one of the leading business men in Leavenworth from the time of the Civil War until his death. To know Senator Benz one had to understand him. He was strictly honest in his business. One could depend on what he said about a suit of clothes. In about 1890 he said that he had about $5.00 in every church in the county. He was gen erous to donate to all good charitable bodies. At one time Senator Benz knew every man in the county and could tell where he lived. He was a member of the State Senate and House several times. He was elected coroner once. The people of Leavenworth lost a good business man when he died.

After the county unit law was enacted in 1908, Crawford County voted on the liquor question. The question was easily decided. Only one precinct in the county went wet. Below are the majorities by townships: Boone, 34; Jennings, 46; Johnson, 17; Liberty, 145; Ohio, 26; Patoka, 154; Sterling, 218; Union, 86; Whisky Run, 77. The majority in the county was 803. The Dry Run precinct voted wet.

After Marshall was elected Governor in 1908 the General Assembly enacted a new law known as township and ward option law. Under this law one election was held in Sterling township September 1, 1911. The drys'had 152 votes and the wets 58.

The victory of the Democrats in 1906 encouraged them to fight hard in 1908. The primary that year was a very warm one. The candidates for judge were John H. Luckett of English and William Ridley of Corydon. For treasurer C. D. Summers of Marengo and A. D. Huff of Magnolia were contestants.

The trustees elected in 1908 were: Boone, Tom Esarey, Rep.; Jennings, W. O. Beals, Dem.; Johnson, George Stallings, Dem.; Liberty, Clark Sloan, Rep.; Ohio, James Smith, Rep.; Patoka, C. J. Tucker, Dem.; Sterling, A. T. Roberson, Dem.; Union, Victor Goldman, Rep.; Whisky Run, S. K. Breeden, Dem.

The Democrats elected a majority of the trustees which _ enabled them to re-elect Superintendent Beals as county school head. These men were elected for a term of four years, but a law enacted later changed the time of election of trustees from 1912 to 1914. This was a special law advocated by Homer Cook while he was secretary of state. The time of the county superintendents was extended till 1917 also.

The people of Temple during the summer were busy building a Methodist church. A lot of ground in the grove was deeded to the Methodist Episcopal church by A. L. Temple and Mrs. Greda Smith. The house was dedicated on September 12, 1906. <A large crowd of people was present that day. Rev. Breeden and the minister from Paoli were the principal speakers. Pledges sufficient to pay off the cost were received by the church officers.

During the summer of 1906 D. M. Stewart died at his home in Marengo on October 2nd. Stewart was born December 3; 1829. He went west to California during the gold fever of 1849. He was one of Crawford County's best men. ,

The pike agitation still went on. The first election for pikes was successful, but for some reason the bids were too high or the bonds did not sell. Another pike election was held at English on April 10, 1907, for Sterling township. Heated arguments were made for and against the pike. The time set was a good date, for the roads were certainly bad in April. The vote for the short pike was: For the pike, 257; against it, 231. Vote for the long pike was: 230 for and, 240 against it. Matters drifted along until late in the summer when the commissioners awarded the contract to Bry Gregory and Company for $18,500. He

A very sad accident occurred about four miles north of English on October 2, 1909. James Brown, who was a son of William Brown, went out coon hunting. The dogs ran something up a tree which young Brown began to climb. Brown being an excellent climber was soon in the top of the tree. When he was about 75 feet from the ground he lost hold some way and fell to the ground. He hit the ground so hard that he died from the shock.

This was a warm fight. It seemed that ''the boys were hungry and wanted a slice of steak.'' Yet they waged a clean fight. Stephenson and Mock were men of high ideals. They made a thorough canvass. Mock gained strength on the eve of the primary in Patoka and Sterling and won the nomination.

For recorder the race was between Key and Dooley. Dooley living at English had the advantage over Key. Both were fine Democrats and would have made excellent officers. Dooley won the nomination.

The race for sheriff was a four-sided fight. Crews, who had been sheriff two terms, had entered the race again. For a long time the race was in doubt, but Baylor gained and won the nomination. Crews, who was one of the most accommodating men in the county, was deserted by certain men on the eve of the primary. Much hard feeling existed among the voters. The contests of the other offices were fought out to a finish.

The Republican party held its convention on August 6, 1910. A large number of delegates were present. Ed. Funk, who was one of the delegates, went by where Cadmus Funk was working in the quarry and forced him to go to the convention. Then they arrived at English Ed. Funk mixed up with the delegates from other townships and made so many trades that when the time came to nominate candidates for sheriff Cadmus Funk's name was the only one presented. The ticket which was selected that day was: Clerk, Arthur Stewart of Jennings; treasurer, Alphonso Temple of Sterling; sheriff, Cadmus Funk of Whisky Run; recorder, W. A. Brooks of Boone; assessor, George Real of Sterling; commissioner, second district, John Deich of Patoka; commissioner, third district, Levi Riddle of Boone.

Congress, Cox, Dem., 367; representative, Benz, Dem., 205; prosecutor, Lottick, Dem., 165; clerk, Mock, Dem., 213; sheriff, Funk, Rep., 6; assessor, Hughes, Dem., 32; surveyor, Paschal, Dem., 104; commissioner, Beasley, Dem., 140; coroner, Trusty, Dem., 105; commissioner, Culver, Dem., 185; recorder, Dooley, Dem., 638.

The telephones lines, which had been built in 1894, were rebuilt in 1899 in many places. In August Wm. Everdon, Luckett, Grimes and Summers bought up the company lines, after the Leavenworth bank failed in 1897. The line was then built to Birdseye. In 1900 the Cumberland bought all the home companies. Later in 1908 Everdon built up the Temple Telephone Company, which lasted several years until it was divided into separate companies.

On December 138, 1912, occurred the hanging of Michael Morgan, who was born in Boone township, and for some years lived in Crawford County. At one time he was arrested and placed in the jail at English for almost a year. He was accused of murdering his grandfather, Harbin Morgan, of Boone township. After being released. from jail he went out west and and located at Grant's Pass, Oregon. Here he had trouble with a man named York and a fight occurred in which York was killed. Morgan claimed that he killed the man in self-defense. The trial occurred in which he was convicted and sentenced to be hanged December 13, 1912. When he was led up to the gallows, a Catholic priest by the name of Moore, who was the chaplain of the Oregon penitentiary, gave him the crucifix to hold. Later he handed it back to Father Moore and requested that it be sent to his poor mother with a full account of the trial and the hanging. Moore told Mrs. Morgan in his letter that the boy died calmly and that Father Moore was sure that her son was not really a murderer at heart, and if he had been defended by a good lawyer he would have been acquitted. Several days before his death he was taken into the Catholic church and he made a complete confession regarding the fight in which he killed York. He claimed that he struck the fatal blow in self-defense. Father Moore said that the lawyer who defended Morgan was incompetent and witnesses were not available, since Grant's Pass was many miles from the scene of the trial.

The people of English were surprised to hear of the death of Attorney Jerry Suddarth on February 8, 1913, at his home in English. For many years he had been in poor health, but had managed to keep his law practice going. He was one of Crawford County's best lawyers. The body was interred at Marengo where Rev. Oster officiated. The lawyers of Crawford County were his pallbearers. Suddarth began the study of law in 1880 at Leavenworth. His ability as a lawyer soon became well known over the state of Indiana. In 1908 he was a candidate for judge against William Ridley. Being in a Democratic district he was defeated, but the good people of Crawford County gave him a majority of 28 votes over Ridley who was a very efficient lawyer of Corydon.

Despite their many defeats the Republican party organized again in 1912 by electing Irvin Bobbitt county chairman on January 29. H. Miller was vice-president, Thomas Austin secretary, and Elwood Boyd treasurer. The cen- tral committee consisted of Joseph Bell, Sam Bird and Lawrence Jones in Jennings township; Henriot and Robert Proctor in Whisky Run; T. H. Miller and Wal Stewart in Liberty; T. S. Austin, Wm. Moore and Louis Shields in Sterling; Hazen Sturns and Albert Deich in Patoka; Irvin Bobbitt and George Seaton in Johnson; Les Morlan in Union; John Crecelius and Logan Riddle in Ohio, and Thomas Esarey in Boone. The party placed the following ticket in the field: Auditor, Bloomer Enlow; treasurer, M. E. Stewart; sheriff, Cadmus Funk; commissioner, John W. Bird; commissioner, third district, H. C. Roberson; coroner, Alvin Eaton.

The Democrats held their primary March 8, 1912. These were the chief contestants: Prosecutor, Charles Brown, 589, Tilden Gobbel, 352; auditor, W. J. Hawkins, J. E. Jones, 102 majority; treasurer, W. H. Finch, 171, D. L. Miller, 123, A. H. Flanigan, 347, J. F. Jones, 299; sheriff, L. V. Byrum, 388, M. H. Smith, 301, John Ritchie, 231; commissioner, first district, Lewis Pfeiffer, 408, Mitch Snider, 499; commissioner, third district, J. P. Culver, 930; coroner, W. J. Trusty, 935.

Both tickets had excellent men on them. Byrum had made a good commissioner, but sometimes a man angers his friends by doing his duty. Just why the Democratic party should turn such men as Byrum and Jones down the writer can not say, but it is evident that they could not hold their party together and both were defeated. The party vote was: President, Wilson (Dem) 1,159, Taft (Rep) 663, Roosevelt (Prog) 554; congress, Cox (Dem) 1,193, Barnes (Rep) 977; prosecutor, Brown (Dem) 1,227, Corbin (Rep) 1,016; representative, Benz (Dem) 1,146,

Jones carried Sterling township by 10 votes, while Flanigan carried it by 119 votes. Enlow earried Patoka township by 62. Byrum lost Sterling by 130 votes but carried Whisky Run by one vote. Snider carried J ennings by 11 votes but Bird defeated him in Sterling by 40 votes. The Democratic party was somewhat shaken by the vote of 1912.

The people of Sterling township were shocked to hear of the sad death of William Highfill who lived near the Burnett school. Young Highfill, who lived with his parents, was engaged in trapping. Men say that he was one of the most successful trappers in the county. His line of traps ran from Bogard bridge on the English and Leavenworth road down to Bogard, and after it empties into Little Blue, down Blue River. With his gun young Highfill usually left home about nine o'clock and returned about four o'clock in the afternoon. On the occasion when the fatal accident happened he left home about the usual time. When evening came and he had not returned the alarm was raised. That had been a very cold day. Friends feared that he might have hurt himself and would freeze to death. They gathered at the home of his parents to learn what they could of his route before they set out to search for him. All that cold night men with lanterns were hunting for him. By morning probably three hundred people were out. Men were divided into groups, one of which was to go down each side of the stream. About ten o'clock that morning two men discovered his cap frozen in the ice. They then saw where the ice had broken. The alarm was given. Before long the whole neighborhood was there. Men secured a boat and fished the body out of the water which was about six feet deep. Later his gun was _ found. He had started to cross Little Blue to get a mink out of a trap. He had thrown rocks out on the ice to test it, but near the other side the ice was thin because a spring _ ran into the river there. This dreadful affair happened February 13, 1913, about one mile up the river from Carnes' old mill on Little Blue. Evidence showed that he had made a terrible struggle after breaking through the ice before he drowned.

The county commissioners wanted the people of Union township to have an election to see if the people wanted to build pike roads. The vote for the pike was taken on May 5, 19138. The result was 177 votes for the pike to Grantsburg and 29 against; 193 votes for the Mifflin pike and 29 against. The majority for both roads was 312.

Edmund Hostetter died at Milltown October 17, 1913. He moved to Milltown in 1858 and began milling. When | the war brake out he joined Company E of the 38th and later joined the 49th Indiana Volunteers. He married the daughter of Clementina Powers, who was the daughter of E. C. Powers, a prominent citizen of Milltown. Later the mill was built up till he had one of the best mills in the county. The funeral was conducted at the Presbyterian church on Sunday, October 19, 1913. Professor J. M. John-

The Eastern Star Chapter was organized at English on July 24, 1913, with thirty charter members. The Leavenworth degree team, which consisted of Mr. and Mrs. T. P. Elisworth, H. H. Deem, S. E. Grimes, D. Moyers, Hugh Friedley, C. T. Allen, William Fesler, Grace Houser, Lou Paxter, Lloyd Curts, Alice Sprinkle, Belle Alexander, Maude Robinson, Rella Rainforth, Margaret Booth, Delia Conrad and Esther Conrad came over from Leavenworth and conferred the degree.

On account of the train wreck the Grand Matron and secretary did not arrive till about midnight. The refreshments were served at the Commercial Hotel about ten o'clock that night. The officers elected for the newly organized chapter were: Worthy Matron, Mrs. Joel Melton; Worthy Patron, Henry Mock; Associate Matron, Mrs. J. E. Stewart; Conductress, Mrs Oliver Blevins; Secretary, Nell Thornbury; treasurer, Mrs. Harrison Brown; sentinel, George W. Cuzzort.

The Republicans were highly elated over their success at the polls in 1912. So they were eager to enter the fray in 1914. The convention met April 30, 1914, and placed their ticket in the field while in session at Marengo: Clerk, Silas Lambdin; treasurer, M. HE. Stewart; sheriff, J. D. Hammond; recorder, W. A. Brooks; assessor, George Real; eoroner, Ed. Land; commissioner, J. W. Bosley; commissioner, Valentine Deich.

The Democratic party held its county primary March 13, 1914. The leading candidates were: Congress, William Zenor, W. E. Cox; sheriff, Benton Longest, 286, M. H. Smith, 415, Jesse Ewing, 477; coroner, William Belcher, 584, Samuel Wright, 557; commissioner, Dennis Braden, 300, Jerry Batman, 749; commissioner, second district, C. J. Tucker, 457, R. M. King, 310, J. A. Tucker, 353.

The candidates for trustee in the various townships were: Jennings, Fred Bischop; Johnson, : Liberty, John Brown; Ohio, Joshia Harvey ; Patoka, ity Rowland ; Sterling, ; Union, : Whisky Ye John Ferguson.

Much complaint was made among the townships. Neither Republicans or Democrats were satisfied. The Democratic primary in Jennings township had nominated Fred Bishop over Stanley Parkhill and various others. The Republicans in Liberty township were not satisfied with the candidates for trustee. The result of the election was a big surprise to all. Below are the names 'of the successful men and their majorities: Congress, Cox, Dem., 201; judge, Ridley, Dem., 190; prosecutor, Brown, Dem., 133; senator, Hirsch, Dem., 94; representative, Benz, Dem., 134; treasurer, Flanigan, Dem., 136; clerk, Mock, Dem., 146; sheriff, Ewing, Dem., 49; coroner, Belcher, Dem., 90; surveyor, Cunningham, Dem., 103; commissioner, Batman, Dem., 124; commissioner, Tucker, Dem., 55; recorder, Brooks, Rep., 19; assessor, Real, Rep., 44.

Elder James Bobbitt, who was one of Crawford County's noble sons, died at his home in English on Wednesday, December 1, 1915. He had been planning a series of meetings at the Christian church, of which he was a member. After eating a hearty dinner on Monday he went out to do some work when he sank down suddenly in the yard. Friends were called but he never regained consciousness. Lingering in that state he died about 9 :28 Pp. M. on Wednesday. His funeral was conducted by Elder Samson Cox and the remains were laid to rest at Eckerty. His son, Doctor Franklin Bobbitt, drove through from -Chieago in his.car which was one of the first ones to visit English sometime the previous summer.

Mr. Bobbitt had been much honored by the people of Crawford County. In 1885 he was elected county superintendent of schools. Later, in 1888, he was elected county auditor. The people had so much confidence in him that they voted for him even if he was a Republican living in a Democratic county.

Christmas afternoon of 1915 witnessed the fatal shooting of T. B. Roll in C. E. Moore's restaurant near the depot in English. Roll had been in the restaurant that afternoon for some time, when he was seen staggering out and going around toward the depot. He had not gone many steps until he fell dead. The citizens notified Coroner W. L. Belcher who came up and held an inquest over the body after it was moved to John Atkins' undertaking establishment. That afternoon Jerry Moore escaped from the town. Later he was acquitted of the charge of murder.

During the summer of 1915 Lloyd Froman and Charles Roberson were severely hurt by a blast where they were working on the read. Roberson was blinded and Froman's eyes were seriously injured. This accident occurred August 6th.

The people of Crawford County were passing through a transition period the last four years. The timber was being used up quickly, the game was also almost gone in the county, therefore the men turned their minds to agriculture from a scientific standpoint. The year of 1917 one could see as many as ten silos being erected between Marengo and Leavenworth. The coming of the automobile encouraged people to build more rock roads.

About 1915 Charles Wright, who had the mail route from Leavenworth to Marengo, purchased a car to use in hauling passengers. Doctor Felix Hammond also bought a ear from '' Woody'' Jenner and brought it to English. The editor of the English paper said that the car ''looked good to him.'' This car was brought to English in 1914.

Temple Rice Hollcroft, who was attending school at Hanover College, received the highest grades ever given any student in the college. After teaching for some time in the University of Kentucky, he was elected to a position on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin in 1915.

The Marengo Bank, which had been in operation for some time, began to dig the basement of their new building on June 4, 1915. A beautiful building was erected in which the Bank began business on September 17, 1916.

The candidates for auditor on the Democratic ticket were B. T. McFarland, who was one of the prominent teachers of Patoka township, Ora Tadlock, who was also a leading teacher of Ohio township, and John Spears, of Taswell, who was an old Patoka township boy. For many years Spears was one of the leading teachers of the county.

B. T. McFarland, who had made Patoka township an excellent trustee, would have made a good auditor, but political forces were at work which turned the votes to the other candidates.

The race for treasurer on the Democratic ticket warmed up some. James M. Brown, who had been elected to various offices in Crawford County, was the leading candidate.

The result of the primary was in doubt for a day or two till certain second choice votes were counted. The Democratic and Republican nominees, were: Congress, Cox, Dem., John Edwards, Rep.; prosecutor, Charles Brown, Dem., J. E. Stewart, Rep.; joint representative, John Ryan, Dem., Horace Trueblood, Rep.; auditor, Ora Tadlock, Dem., Roscoe Stewart, Rep.; treasurer, James M. Brown, Dem., James J. Smith, Rep.; sheriff, Jesse Ewing, Dem., J. Dale Hammond, Rep.; coroner, W. J. Trusty, Dem., David Hedden, Rep.; surveyor, Thomas Cunningham, Dem., R. F. Hiland, Rep.; commissoner of second

The above tickets contained excellent men on both sides. The Republicans had nominated J. J. Smith for treasurer over William Fesler of Jennings township by a narrow margin of votes.

The national election, which also occurred this year, influenced the votes in the county. The people of the county saw that we were drifting into war with Germany. Much unrest existed among the voters, too. Matters drifted along without much excitement until a few days before the election when some one from Leavenworth informed Prosecutor Brown that Mann Holleroft had sent up to Leavenworth a large quantity of apple brandy. Felix Mode of Leavenworth hauled the liquor up to Leavenworth from Big Bend, Kentucky, and the kegs were put off at the wharf. Dave Moyer hauled the brandy up to Charles Austin's ware-room for safe keeping, till the boat went up the river to Louisville. He put the liquor into his wagon publicly and rolled the kegs back into Austin's ware-room publicly. Acting on the information sent him and fearing that the liquor was for the Republicans, he planned to seize the entire quantity. Certain Democratic candidates considered the proposition, too, but it was finally decided to seize the liquor. When the papers were ready Sheriff Ewing made the raid on Sunday evening before the election. The kegs, containing 400 gallons of brandy, were rolled into trucks and wagons and hauled to English and stored in the jail for safe keeping.

mond came to Leavenworth and told Joseph Bell that he would make an oath before a notary public that he did not know anything about the brandy. The Demovratic men believed that it was Republican whiskey. One can not tell what effect the raid had on the election with any degree of certainty, but the returns were disastrous to the Democrats, Below is the result of the election: Congress, Cox, Dem., 229, John Edwards, Rep., Brown, Dem., 16, J. KE. Edwards, Rep.; Ryan, Dem., 9, Trueblood, Rep., Tadlock, Dem., 6, J. R. Stewart, Rep., Brown, Dem., Smith, Rep., 191, Ewing, Dem., Hammond, Rep., 150; Trusty, Dem., 28, Dave Hedden, Rep., Cunningham, Dem., 70, Hiland, Rep., Tucker, Dem., 35, Doolittle, Rep., Blunk, Dem., 10, Smith, Rep.

After several years the liquor was finally returned to Holleroft by order of the court. Hlollcroft came to Leavenworth when he heard about it and gave Mr. Mode a severe beating over the matter.

Jim Smith. who was eleeted treasurer, was one of Patoka township's noted farmers. dust why the good Demovrats did not vote for Brown is a mystery to some men, for Brown was one of the biggest tax payers in the county. Smith, too, was an excellent farmer, big tax payer, and one of the most respected men of the county. He married Miss Ella Bowman on March 23, 1902, at the home of J. R. Duftin in English. Mrs. Smith was the daughter of John Bowman.

' worse. The German nation sank our ships on the high seas; murdered our men, and drowned the women and children. Finally Erewions Wilson went before Congress and suggested that war be declared between the United - States and the German nation.

Congress enacted a conscription bill which provided for a selective draft. The bill required all men between the ages of 21 and 31 to register their names. Out of the number who registered various numbers were to be called to the colors.

In the meanwhile several of Crawford County's noble sons had enlisted, among whom were Elbert Ewing and Allen Myers. Archie N. Bobbitt joined the navy.

The board of registration arranged the boys in classes. Class A contained all single men. From this class the men were to be selected first. Married men and county officers were placed in the deferred lists.

The registration was made in the spring of the year, the first selection in the summer. The drafted men were examined by the doctors to see that they were physically fit. Many of them did not pass. When the war was over it was learned that the doctors found about 32 per cent. of the boys unfit for military duty.

When the United States entered the war Governor Goodrich appointed Honorable John H. Luckett, Emma Brown and A. H. Flanigan to compose the Council of Defense for Crawford County. It was their duty to see that no disloyalty of any kind occurred. The Council was to help in the sale of bonds, promote Red Cross drives, and assist the Government in many ways. Professor S. A. Beals was president of the Red Cross in the county. He was ably assisted by Mrs. Emma Brown, A. H. Flanigan, © Sam J. Elsby, J. W. Patton, Lelah Austin, Mrs. Margaret Mayer, J. F. Zimmerman, Webster Ott, and many others.

One can not say how many bonds and war savings stamps were sold or how much was donated to the Red Cross now, but Crawford County always went over the top. Men and women sold butter, cream and eggs and bought war savings stamps and bonds. Every request President Wilson made, the people of Crawford County met. When money was scarce, funds low, and _ provisions needed, our men and women observed meatless days, days without sugar, and submitted to other war regulations that the war might be won. The greatest gift that Crawford County gave was her boys, none of whom, as far as the writer knows, ever retreated or deserted the colors, or was ever guilty of a dishonorable act which would stain their proud repute as soldiers of America, of Indiana and above all, of Crawford County.

The writer has done the best he could to get all the, names of the boys who were called to the colors. Many errors, doubtless, have been made, but from the newspapers he has obtained the following names:

From the Gold Star Book the writer has selected the following material which he hopes will be of honor to the relatives of the boys whose lives were lost on the field of battle that the world might be made safe for democracy:

ALVIN Fetzer ByruM, private, was a son of Sampson Byrum and Carrie Byrum; born January 2, 1895, Marengo, Indiana. Hotel clerk. He entered service at Chickasha, Oklahoma. Went overseas and was killed in action October 24, 1918, in Argonne Forest, near Bantheville, France. Place of burial is unknown.

Levr CARBERRY, private, son of James M. and Mary EH. Carberry, was born November 2; 1889, in Boone township. He was a farmer. He enlisted in Troop D, First Cavalry, Indiana National Guards, Company M, 152nd Infantry, August 27, 1917, at New Albany, Indiana. Sailed for France June 12, 1918. He was assigned to Company B, Eighth Machine Gun Battalion. He was killed in action October 16, 1918, near Meuse-Argonne offensive. He was buried in the Argonne American cemeery, Romange Grave 5, second 102, plot 1.

CLARENCE CRABTREE, son of Lovell B. and Amma Crabtree, was born June 3, 1896, at Indianapolis, Indiana. He was a rancher. He enlisted in the regular army February, 1916, at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. He served on the Mexican border. Later he was transferred to Fort Jay, N. Y. Sent overseas September iL 1917, where he was assigned to Company M, Sixteenth rie anol First Division. He died of wounds July 14, 1918, which were received in action near Cantigny. He was buried in the American cemetery, Chateau rou-Indre, France. After his death he was awarded the Croix de Guerre with palms.

ArTHUR StTEWwaRT Davis, private, was a son of Lyman and Honore Davis. Born November 2, 1891, at Leavenworth. Was a button cutter. Entered service June 14, 1918, at English. Trained at Indianapolis and Camp Sheridan, Alabama. Assigned to Company D, Ninth Motor Supply Train. Died of pneumonia at Akron, Ohio. He was buried at Leavenworth, Indiana. The American Legion Post at Leavenworth was named in his honor. He is survived by a widow, Lelia Davis, and three children.

CLeEo Water DUKES, private, was a son of John and Emma Dukes. He was born January 18, 1895, near Milltown. He entered the service June 18, 1918, at English, Indiana. He was assigned te Company A, 334th Infantry, Eighty-fourth Division. Later was sent to Camp Mills, New Jersey, from which he embarked August 30, 1918. Died of pneumonia October 22, 1918, at Evacuation Hospital No. 9 of Vaubecourt.' Buried near Vaubecourt, France.

Epwarp ArtTHuR Easter, private, was the son of Philip and Laura Easter. He was born near Newton Stewart, February 8, 1893. He entered service July, 1918, at English, Indiana. Sent to Camp Taylor, Kentucky, and assigned to the Fiftieth Company, Thirteenth Training Battalion, 159th Depot Brigade. Later he was transferred to the Medical Department Brigade. Died of pneumonia October 8, 1918, Camp Taylor, Kentucky. Buried at Newton Stewart, Orange County, Indiana.

Eimer Lester GoupMAN, private, was the son of David and Minerva Goldman. He was born October 3, 1894, near West Fork, Indiana. He enlisted at English September 19, 1917, and was sent to Camp Taylor where he was assigned to Company i; 119th Infantry, Thirtieth Division. He was sent overseas May 12, 1918. He took part in the battle of Kennuel Hill. Killed in action September 29, 1918. He was buried in Old Hickory cemetery, France.

ANDREW JACKSON GOODMAN was the son of Andrew J. Goodman and Lucy Goodman. He was born June 18, 1888, in English. By vocation he was a meat cutter. Enlisted in the United States Army about 1915 at Louisville, Ky. Served on the Mexican border. Went overseas June, 1917. Assigned to Company A, Sixteenth Infantry, First Division. Wounded July 19, 1918, at Soissons. Returned to the United States in February, 1919. Died at New Albany August 4, 1919. Buried at English. He was survived by Mrs. Melissa Walker Goodman. He committed suicide in a hotel in New Albany.

AvtpHonso Lincoun HAL, private, son of Lincoln and Etta Hall, was born May 1, 1889, near Temple. He entered service September 3, 1918, at English. Sent to Camp Grant, Illinois. Assigned to Company D, Fifth Limited Service Regiment. Died of pneumonia September 28, 1918, at Camp Grant and was buried at Temple.

OrvittE Harper, private, son of John M. and Sarah Harper, was born October 21, 1891, near Marengo. He entered service June 17,1918, at Tacoma, Wash. Trained at Camp Lewis, Washington. Assigned to Company A, 357th Infantry, Nineteenth Division. Sailed from Hoboken, New Jersey, about September 1, 1918. He was killed in action October 21, 1918, while his company was going in on the Meuse-Argonne front. Buried in Argonne American cemetery, Romange Meuse.

Witt Husparp, son of John and Rozella Hubbard, was born March 3, near English. A bookkeeper. Enlisted in the United States Navy as second class yeoman, Louisville, Kentucky, May,.1917. Transferred to Lexington, Kentucky, May, 1917. Transferred to Newport, Rhode Island, Later sent to Philadelphia for Y. M.

C. A. work. Sent to London in November, 1917. Served as bookkeeper for Admiral Sims. Died of pneumonia on October 22, 1918, in London. Buried with honors at English.

CHARLES RaupH JONEs, son of Evan ' and Annie Jones, was born November 19, 1892, at Temple, Indiana. He entered the service September 20, 1917, at English. Sent to Camp Taylor. Transferred to Camp Sevier, South Carolina. Assigned to Company F, 120th Infantry, Thirtieth Division. Embarked May 17, 1918. Died of pneumonia November 4, 1918, at Payton, England. Buried in Nationa) cemetery, New Albany, Indiana.

Luruer LANE, seaman, second class, son of Barvella and Nancy Lane, born January 20, 1898, at Eckerty, Indiana. Enlisted in the United States Navy July 12, 1918, at English. Sent to Great Lakes Training Station, Chicago, Illinois. Assigned to Company E. Transferred to Puget Sound, Washington, at which place he died of pneumonia October 2, 1918. Buried in the Eastridge cemetery, Crawford County.

Isaac WiLson LAWRENCE, private, son of Pave and Rosa Lawrence, was born April 11, 1892, near Kekerty, Indiana. Entered service March 16, 1918, at English. Trained at Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. Assigned to Medical Department, 166th Infantry, Forty-third Rainbow Division. Sent overseas in April, 1918. Wounded at Bois Echdon, near Samppes; in Champagne-Marne sector, July 15, 1918. Died while being moved to the hospital. Buried at Bussyle Chateau, France, Grave No. 2.

ELMER Nouan LeveL, son of Charles and Mary Level, was born August 11, 1896, near English. Entered service September 5, 1918, at Eldora, Iowa, where he was working. He trained at Camp Dodge, Iowa. Assigned to the Forty-third Company, Eleventh Battalion, 163rd Department Brigade. Died of pneumonia October 15, 1918, at Camp Dodge, Iowa. Buried at Mount Sterling cemetery.

Wiuu1sM Kiper MeE.uton, private, was the son of John and Mary Melton. Born February 5, 1889, at Wickliffe. He entered service September 20, 1917, at English, Ind. He received his training at Camp Taylor. Sent to Camp Sevier, South Carolina. Assigned to Company G, 335th Infantry, Company K. Later sent to 335th In- fantry, Company L, 119th Infantry, Thirtieth Division. Sent overseas in May, 1918. Caught in barrage while on duty and was killed instantly, August 2, 1918. Buried at Four Elms, near Paperinghe, Belgium.

Rosert Simas Monk, navy, son of Thomas and Ida Monk, was born August 10, 1890, near Marengo, Ind. High school student. Enlisted in United States Navy in May, 1906. Assigned to Medical Department on hospital ship. Relief. Was with the United States fleet in the world cruise in 1908. Served on the Columbia when acting as convoy for the transports. Died August 10, 1918, at Chelsea, Massachusetts. Buried at Chelsea, Massachusetts. Survived by widow, Marie Ferguson Monk, who served with her husband in the navy as yeomanette.

Roy Lee Hanover, son of James and Cresa Hanover, was born December 30, 1892. He enlisted in Company <A, 2nd Infantry, Indiana National Guard (Company A, 152nd Infantry) July 17, 1917. Sent to Jeffersonville, Indiana. Sailed for France July 7, 1918. Killed in action July 29, 1918, at Chauteau Thierry, France. Place of burial unknown.

THoMAS LEwis Mor@an, sergeant, son of Hiram and Margaret Morgan, was born October 19, 1900, near Taswell. He enlisted in the regular army, May 7, 1917, at Louisville. Moved to Fort Thomas, Kentucky, and then to Camp Syracuse, New York. Sailed for Europe October 18, 1917. Assigned to Company H, Sixteenth Infantry, First Division. Killed in action November 7, 1918. Buried in the

ALLEN Gorpon Myers, son of Doctor Joseph and Annie Myers, was born in Alton, Indiana, December 1, 1895. School teacher. Entered United States service by volunteering April 19, 1917, at Indianapolis. Sent to Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. Later he was sent to El Paso, Texas, and assigned to Company A, Sixteenth Infantry, First Division. Sailed for Europe June 14, 1917. Killed in action July 21, 1918, in Aisne-Marne offensive. Buried at Plaisy, Aisne, France. Cited for gallantry in action and meritorious conduct. Later the body was brought home and buried at Alton May, 1921.

CHARLES PirTMAN, private, son of George and Alice Pittman, was born November 17, 1892, at Marengo, Indiana. He was a steel worker. Hntered service June 24, 1918, at English, Indiana. Sent to Camp Taylor. Assigned to Fifty-fifth Company, Fourteenth Battalion, 159th Depot Brigade. Later he was sent to Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana. There he was assigned to Company B, Twenty-second Engineers' Corps. Sent overseas September 13, 1917: He was drowned while bathing in the Meuse River March 27, 1918. Burial Grave 191, Cemetery 614. Survived by his widow, Ercle Brumfield Pittman.

JAMES WILLIAM POLEN, son of James and Jane Polen, was born October 6, 1887. Entered service May 6, 1918, at English. Sent to Camp Taylor and Fort Benjamin Harrison. There he was assigned to the Thirty-fourth Engineers' Headquarters. Sent overseas August 16, 1912. Returned to United States January 20, 1919. Discharged March 18, 1919. Died June 12, 1920, of tuberculosis and buried at Bethany Union, Indiana.

Leroy RANDALL, son of Charles and Sarah E. Randall, was born April 15, 1890, near Marengo. Entered service September 19, 1917, at English. Sent to Camp Taylor. Went over seas in May, 1918, and was killed in action October 10, 1918, on Ypres front. Buried in the American cemetery, Bony Aisne, France.

Atonzo JosepH SmiTH, son of Stevens and Linda Smith, was born October 4, 1890, at DePauw, Indiana. Moved to Crawford County in 1908. Entered the service in 1917 at Louisville. Later he was discharged and re-enlisted July 28, 1917, and was sent to the Marine Corps. He went overseas with the first contingent of the marines. Was wounded four times. Sent back to the

_ Cari Suir, son of John and Belle Smith, was born at Leavenworth March 25, 1893. Entered the United States service at Louisville July 28, 1917. Trained at Fort Thomas, Kentucky, Camp Holt, Pennsylvania, and Camp Green, North Carolina. Sent overseas May 20, 1918. Assigned to Company G, Sixty-ninth Indiana Infantry, Fourth Division. Died of wounds on November

CLARENCE ALVE STROUD, son of William and Mary Stroud, was born March 13, 1894, near Temple. He entered the service September 19, 1917. Sent to Camp Taylor and later to Camp Pike, Arkansas. He went overseas in 1918. Was assigned to Company L, Fiftyeighth Infantry, Fourth Division. Was killed in action on November 11, 1918. Place of burial is unknown. He is survived by a widow.

Luioyp THompson, son of John and Eliza Thompson, was born June 12, 1901, in Washburn, Woodford County, Illinois. He moved to Crawford County in 1902. He was trained at the Great Lakes Naval Station. Promoted to second class seaman after one month's service. Died of pneumonia October 5, 1918. He was buried at

ArtHuR RoscoE WEATHERS, son of Alonzo and Rebecca Weathers, was born October 20, 1892, near Marengo, Crawford County. A steeple painter. Entered service June 24, 1918, at English. Sent to Camp Sherman, Ohio. Assigned to Company B, 334th Infantry, Eighty-fourth Division. Sent overseas August, 1918. Transferred to Sixteenth Infantry, First Division. Served in Meuse Argonne offensive. Died of pneumonia October 21, 1918. Buried at Brozeaux Meuse, France.

The body of Louis Hayeock, who was killed in action September 26, 1918, while fighting in a hand-to-hand bayonet charge at Forges, in the Verdun sector, was returned to English. The funeral was held at Mount Sterling church under the auspices of the Red Men Lodge of Marengo, Leonard Cummins officiating.

Among ,the names written on Indiana University's Ionor Roll in the World War and presented to the University on a bronze tablet with impressive ceremony was the name of Allen Gordon Myers of Alton. He was killed July 21, 1918, near Berzy-lesec, France. He volunteered for service.

The September copy of the Crawford County Democrat for 1921 contains this account: ''World War Hero Who made Supreme Sacrifice, Laid to Rest at Milltown. The body of Norman G. Stonecipher, who was killed in action fighting for his country in France, arrived in Milltown Saturday evening and was interred in the Milltown cemetery Sunday afternoon, Rev. A. J. Oster, pastor of the church, in charge. The obituary read: Norman G. Stonecipher was born April 17, 1894, and was killed in battle of the Argonne Forest October 11, 1918, age 24 years, 5 months and 24 days. He was drafted October 20, 1917. He fought in the battles of Chateau Thierry, St. Mihiel and Argonne Forest in which he was killed. The military funeral was under the auspices of the American Legion of Corydon.

While these are the ones whose lives were lost, yet one can not say how much others suffered, many of whom had their health ruined by exposure.

Herschel Rainforth of Fredonia was captured by the Germans and held a prisoner for a long time. While a captive he was fed on a thin soup made out of cabbage leaves.