Grant County, Indiana - The whole text, 1914 (part 5 of 32)

William Henry Morrish, the only one of the family to make his permanent home in the United States, was ten years old when he started out to make his own way. After working at different occupations, at the age of twenty, in the spring of 1873, he came across the ocean on the good ship Peruvian, from Liverpool, and reached his majority while on the voyage. The trip consumed only ten days, which was very quick time for that day. The ship landed him at Quebec, Canada, and after passing the summer there, came to Indiana, and spent three years work¬ ing in this state. He then returned by way of Quebec to England, where he lived for six years. For two years he remained at his old home in Devon county, and for four years was near London. He acquired a thorough knowledge of his business by working at gardening and horticulture.

While at London, Mr. Morrish married Elizabeth Tucker, a native of Buckinghamshire, and of old English ancestry. Her parents died in England before she was married. In 1883 Mr. and Mrs. Morrish again set out for America, landing at Halifax, Nova Scotia, on the first day of April that year. From there they came to Fairmount, in Grant county, and started out as renters, taking the Harmon Buller place. It was as renters that they got their start and firmly established themselves on the firm basis of prosperity. Later Mr. Morrish bought eighty acres of first-class farm land in section twenty-two of Fairmount township. He has not only paid for his land out of the products of his management and labor, but has improved the farm until it could hardly be recognized as the same place which first came under his control. He has erected a splendid barn, painted yellow, a large eighty-five ton silo stands beside it, and his dwelling house neatly painted white, provides not only shelter but many of the modem conveniences and comforts of living. The home is in the midst of a veritable bower of trees, not only shade trees, but almost every kind of fruit grown in this part of the country. There are trees of apple, pear, peach, and other fruits, besides many small fruits, including blackberries, strawberries, raspberries, and an abun¬ dance of grapes, besides a large truck garden. His caltalpa grove is one of the finest in the entire country. Mr. Morrish grows large crops of oats, wheat, com, and keeps the stock necessary to consume all the farm products. There is no waste either in material or energy about the Morrish farm. The feed for the stock is weighed out carefully, and the stock are weighed regularly every month, so that he knows all the time just where he stands in the matter of value of stock on hand. There is no merchant in Grant county who keeps closer in touch with his stock than Mr. Morrish does of his farm investment, and his inventory sheets are models of thrifty, up-to-date farming. A feature of his farm which is of special interest, is the generous use of concrete, in the construction of the barns, the silo, and feed pens. Mr. Morrish understands the fact that live stock do not thrive where they are in physical discomfort, and also that mud is a prime source of waste and extravagance in farm man¬ agement. His stock therefore feed and rest on beds of clean, smooth con¬ crete, and as a result not a pound of food goes to waste, and every ounce of manure is saved for the upbuilding of the soil. Out in the fields the same evidences of thrifty management are found, and his com yield is over fifty bushels to the acre, oats likewise yield large crops, and he gets about forty bushels of wheat from every acre sown.

The children of Mr. and Mrs. Morrish are as follows: 1. John Edward, is a successful farmer in Fairmount township, married Vida Mittank, and has one son Ernest 2. Archer is now a dairy farmer at Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, and is unmarried. 3. Charles William mar¬ ried Nola Benson, of Preasant township, and they reside on the home place. 4. Ralph, like the others is a well educated young man, having attended the Fairmount Academy, and remains at home assisting his father. Mr. Morrish and sons are Republican voters.

William Foster Davis. On section twenty-eight of Fairmount township, adjoining the corporation limits of the little city, is situated the well improved farm and snug homestead of William Foster Davis, a citizen whose entire life has been passed within the limits of Grant county, and who as a farmer has given an excellent account of his energy, and has displayed much public spirit in the life of the com¬ munity. He is in the third generation of the Davis family in Grant county, and his grandfather located here about eighty years ago, when all the country was new and when civilization was first getting a firm foothold in this region. His grandfather Harvey Davis was the founder of the family in Grant county. Harvey Davis was born in Randolph county, North Carolina, and the family for a number of generations have lived in that state, and were of the Wesleyan Meth¬ odist religious faith. Harvey Davis was bom about 1804, was reared on a farm, and first married in his native locality. About 1833 he and his wife and children came north after the fire of that time. There was not a railroad of any importance in the entire country and wagon trail, canal, river highways and pack-trains, were the chief modes of transportation, in every portion of the country. It is noteworthy that a larger part of the early settlers of Grant county located in religious groups or colonies, of which the Quakers were, of course, the most numerous. The Davis family were part of the Wesleyan Back Creek community in Liberty township. They settled in the midst of the green woods on the range line road, and there the grandfather cleared out a space, erected a log cabin with the aid of his neighbors, and planted his first crop among the stock. His labors eventually resulted in the clearing up of more than one hundred acres, and he was in his time a prosperous and substantial farmer. His first wife died on the old homestead in Liberty township in 1867. In that year smallpox was epidemic in Grant county, and she fell a victim to that dread disease. She was then about fifty years of age. Her husband married for his second wife a Miss Smithson, and for a good many years afterwards lived on the Smithson farm in Fairmount township. Quite late in life he retired to the city of Fairmount, and there died about twenty-five years ago, at the good old age of eighty-five. His second wife died some four or five years later, and was then nearly four score years of age. Both were Wesleyan Methodists, while the grandfather was probably a Whig in his early voting days, and later a Republican. They were the parents of seven children, four sons and three daughters, all of whom grew up and married and all had children. Those still living of this family are : Henry Davis, who is mentioned in the following* paragraph ; Foster Davis, for many years a well known lawyer in Marion, and a farmer soldier of he Civil war now living retired with his family at Marion ; Harvey, Jr., the younger of the living sons went through the war as a Union soldier, lost his wife some years ago, but still has living children, and lives in the National Soldiers Home at Marion.

Dr. Henry Davis, the father, was bora in Liberty township, and is now seventy-four years of age. He grew up on a farm and acquired * the art and practiced veterinary surgery. He is now living in Fairmount City, but owns a fine farm of one hundred acres in section thirty-one of that township, and was an active agriculturist until about thirty years ago. Since taking up his residence in Fairmount, he has devoted most of his time to veterinary work. He is now seventy-four years of age, and still is smart and active. He was married in Madison county to Sarah Ann Jones, who was bora in North Carolina, and when a small girl was brought to Madison county, Indiana. Her parents lived and died in Boone township of that county, where her father as a pioneer, improved a good farm. The Jones family were members of thd Christian church, and reared five children, of whom one, Samuel Jones, is now living on a farm in Boone township, and is a bachelor. Mrs. Henry Davis died February 16, 1911, at the age of sixty-nine. She and her husband were communicants of the Wesleyan faith, while he has always been a Republican in politics. The children of Henry Davis and wife are mentioned thus: William Foster; Julia Ann, and Charles, both of whom died young; Emma is the wife of George L. Mittank, a farmer in Fairmount township, and has four children, one son and three daughters; Lydia, died at the age of sixteen; John lives on his father's farm, in section thirty-one of Fairmount township, and by his marriage to Dari Hastings, daughter of Robert Hastings, has one son and one daughter living, while they have lost one son and a daughter.

William Foster Davis was born June 16, 1860. His early schooling was acquired in Liberty and Fairmount township, and early in life he made choice of vocations as a farmer. As a result of hard work and steadily thrifty management, he and his wife have found prosperity, and now own eighty acres of land in section twenty-eight, close to the corporation line of Fairmount city. Among the farms in this vicinity the Davis estate compares favorably with any, and has many evidences of progressive management. In the midst of trees stands the com¬ fortable farm dwelling, while a good barn shelters the grain and stock, and all the buildings are made attractive with paint and cleanly surroundings.

Mr. Davis was married March 17, 1881, to Amanda Mittank, who was bom in Fairmount township, August 19, 1860. Her training and education were received in this county, which has been her home all her life. Her parents are Michael and Eliza J. Dickerson Mittank. Her father is a native of Pennsylvania, while her mother was born in Indiana, and they were married in Grant county Her father has for many years been a resident of Grant county, has been a thrifty farmer, and is now living retired in Fairmount City at the good old age of eighty-four years. The mother died in 1878 at the age of forty-five years. She was a member of the Christian church. To the marriage ' of Mr. and Mrs. Davis were born four children. Leroy died at the age of five years, while Robert died when three years of age; Belle, born May 30, 1888, was graduated from the Fairmount high school in 1910, and now lives at home ; Clarkson, born August 7, 1890, is a grad¬ uate of the public schools and his father's able assistant on the farm. The children attend the Methodist Sunday school.

Daniel B. Johnson. The quiet pursuits of fanning have been the life occupation of Daniel B. Johnson, and his is one of the attractive and valuable farms of Fairmount township. His home is on section two, close to the Madison county line, and his postoffice is Summitville in the latter county. Mr. Johnson is of an old North Carolina family, and represents the fourth generation of its residence in the state of ' Indiana.

His great-grandfather Reuben Johnson, a native of North Carolina, was married there, and after the birth of his children, Daniel, Joseph, William, Charles and Ann Jeanette, left the south and with wagons and teams migrated across the mountains and over the great middle plains to eastern Indiana, arriving in Nettle Creek township of Randolph county, he selected a home of one hundred and sixty acres in the wil¬ derness, built a log house of hewed logs from the poplar timber, and there he and his wife lived until death came to them at a good old age. They were among the pioneers of the old-school Baptist faith in that vicinity, and did much to organize the church of that denomination. From the early days the Johnson family has been identified with the Democratic party.

Daniel Johnson, grandfather of Daniel B., was born in North Carolina about one hundred years ago. His early youth was spent partly in his native state and partly in Randolph county, Indiana, and when ready to start out on his own account he acquired some land adjoining the old homestead. His brothers, Joseph and William, did the same, and altogether the Johnsons occupied a full section of land in Nettle Creek township. The death of Daniel Johnson occurred on his farm, when he was nearly eighty years of age. His brother William was past ninety, and Joseph also lived to a good old age. The other brothers and sister owned land and lived in Nettle Creek township. Daniel Johnson married Elizabeth Bookout, who came from Virginia, and who died on the homestead in Nettle Creek township when an old woman. They were both members of the old-school Baptist faith, and Daniel was a Democrat.

Of their children, Reuben was the oldest, and was born in 1837. His death occurred in Fairmount City, May 9, 1900. In 1871 his home was established in Madison county, where he lived on eighty acres in Van Buren township until his retirement. After that his residence was in Fairmount City from 1892 until his death. Reuben Johnson married Sarah Hastings, who now lives at the corner of Walnut and Adams Street in Fairmount, and was seventy-six years of age on July 4, 1913. Her father Carter Hasting was from Randolph county, North Carolina, and one of the pioneer settlers in Fairmount township, where he entered land direct from the government, near the corporation limits. His home continued there until his death. Carter Hastings was a man much above the average in material prosperity and in his in¬ fluence and character, was active in the United Brethren church, and his wife was also a communicant of the same faith. Her maiden name was Elizabeth Row of North Carolina, and she preceded her husband in death, though she was likewise quite an old woman. Of the children of Reuben and Sarah Johnson, those besides Daniel B. are mentioned as follows: Sophronia, whose home is in California, has two sons and two daughters. Mary is the wife of William Lewis of Fairmount township, a farmer and shoemaker and has two sons. Robert lives in Van Buren township of Madison county, where he is a farmer, and by his marriage to Amelia Beck, has two sons and two daughters. Martha is the wife of Alva Thom, a farmer in Van Buren township of Madison county, and has one son and two daughters. Amanda is the wife of

Wilson T. Leach, a farmer in Madison county, and they have one son. Nancy Ann, who died in 1907, was the wife of John Duncan, of Fairmount, and* of her three sons and two daughters all are now dead except one son.

1857. His education was that afforded by the public schools, and his active career has been entirely spent as a farmer. His present estate on section two comprises forty acres, and has the first class improvements which are so characteristic of the better Grant county farms. His crops are those staple to Grant county, and all his grain is fed to stock raised on the place. A good red bam and a comfortable house are features which indicate the progressive character of the proprietor.

1858. Reared and educated in this locality, since her marriage she has proved an excellent helpmate and has done much to forward the material prosperity of the family, at the same time devoting herself with motherly care and intelligence to the rearing of her children. Her parents were Elias and Hannah (Hunt) Hiatt, natives of Henry county, Indiana, where they were married. Elias Hiatt came to Grant county in the early forties and entered government land two miles south of Fairmount, where his first home was a log cabin, later replaced with the good frame house, and still later with a brick home. The last residence was completed about fifteen years ago. Although feeble, Elias Hiatt is still living at the age of eighty-five. . His wife is now seventy-four years of age, and is hale and hearty. They are members of the German Baptist or Dunkard church.

Mr. and Mrs. Johnson are the parents of the following children: Dessie E. is the wife of Brook Roberts, of Fairmount, a retired farmer, who is the owner of one hundred acres in Madison county. Oliver N. died at the age of three years. Willard C. is a graduate of the Indian¬ apolis Veterinary College, and is now practicing at Summitville. in Madison county; he married Myrtle Jones, and has a son Wilford. Estella lives at home and is unmarried. Hannah died unmarried at the age of twenty-two. Walter lives at home, and is just entering upon a vigorous young manhood.

Warren Clark Nottingham. Now living retired in Jefferson town¬ ship at Matthews, on that portion known as "Old Town/' Warren Clark Nottingham has had a long and active career as a farmer and business man. and is now serving as deputy township assessor.

His grandfather, James Nottingham, was born in Pennsylvania, and came of good old English stock, the family originally having had its seat in Nottingham, England, for many years, hence the name which followed the family. James Nottingham was born in 1811, and when six years of age his parents moved out to Indiana, and located about 1817 near the present city of Muncie. James Nottingham grew up at Muncie, learned the trade of cabinet maker, and was four times married. His. first wife, a Miss Russell, was born near Muncie, Indiana, about 1812, and died there in the prime of life. She left two sons and two daughters, namely: Chaplain; Julia Ann, who became the wife of Simon Clark; one daughter that died, aged twelve years; and a son. Owen P. James Nottingham for his second wife married a Miss Carmine, who was born in Delaware county, Indiana, and who died when still a young woman, leaving one son, Thomas, who died after being twice married, leaving children by both wives. James Nottingham, for his third wife, married a Delaware county girl, whose name is now forgotten, and she survived only a brief while. The fourth wife was Mrs. Sarah Litler, whose maiden name was Heal. She was the mother of five children by a former marriage. James Nottingham, after marry¬ ing his fourth wife, moved to Grant county on a farm in Jefferson township. Some years later he sold the sixty acres he owned in Jeffer¬ son township and bought a house and land near Jonesboro, in Mill township. There James Nottingham died in 1885, being survived by his wife a few years.

She was about seventy years of age when her death occurred. There were four children by the last union, namely: David, who is married and has children and lives in Lansing, Michigan; Caroline, who died after her marriage to Frank Stout, and left one child; Catherine, the widow of a Mr. O'Connor, living at Indianapolis; and Leota, wife of Earl Jay of Gas City, Indiana, and the mother of three daughters. James Nottingham and all his wives were active members of the Meth¬ odist Episcopal church, and in politics he was a Republican. During the war he served an office similar to that of provost marshal, and his duties were principally connected with the making of the draft and the serving of notice upon those whose services were thus selected for the army.

Owen P. Nottingham, father of Warren C., was bom October 18, 1833, at the present city of Muncie, which at that time was known as Munsytown. His early life was spent in Muncie, and when a boy he began learning the trade of harness maker. One of his youthful duties was the driving of a hack for. passengers and mail between Muncie and Marion, a distance of thirty miles. The roads were unspeakably bad, and the low, swampy places were what were known as Corduroy, being built of logs laid close together at right angles to the main line of travel. He carried with him a convenient rail to pry his wagon out of the worst holes. A four-horse team pulled his wagon over this distance. This travel between Muncie and Marion made him famil¬ iar with Grant county, and in early manhood he settled in Jefferson township. In that township on February 24, 1853, he married Mary A. Couch, who was born in Darke county, Ohio, June 1, 1832. When she was four years of age, her grandfather, Sami Todd, brought the family to Jefferson township, locating there in 1836. Other children in the family were Samuel and Tamma. Jefferson township was prac¬ tically an unbroken wilderness when the Todd family located there, and Sami Todd entered some land on Todd creek, where he had his homestead and where the family grew up and remained until starting out in life for themselves.

After his marriage Owen P. Nottingham bought a farm in Jefferson township and continued to cultivate his land there until the beginning of the Civil war. He then enlisted in the Fifty-fourth Indiana Regi¬ ment, and in the rank of corporal and later as a teamster, contributed his faithful services to the preservation of the Union. During the Siege of Vicksburg he drove an ammunition wagon and had many nar¬ row escapes, losing three mules while driving his wagon under the storm of shot and shell in some of the most exposed parts of the fields. His service as a soldier continued for about eighteen months, and at his honorable discharge he returned home and sold the forty acres which he had previously bought and then acquired what is known as the Todd farm of one hundred acres. In 1865 Mr. Nottingham sold out his land in Grant county and moved out to Southeastern Kansas, to the Cherokee Nation of Indians, in what is now Cherokee county, Kansas. There he took up a claim of land and occupied it until 1868. In that year his residence was moved to Cedar county, Missouri, where he bought one hundred and sixty acres. In 1870 he sold out his western property and returned to Grant county, and finally located on a farm in Jefferson township where he lived until his death on January 26, 1906. His wife died in Grant county, October 10, 1883. He was mar¬ ried a second time, Miss Hannah Simons becoming his second wife. She still lives on the old homestead, and though without children of her own, adopted a son, Fred, when he was a small child, and Fred is now married and lives with his foster mother.

Owen P. Nottingham by his first wife had ten children, mentioned as follows: Warren C. ; Rufus C., who has been twice married, and has children by each wife, and lives on a farm in Jefferson township; James S., who lives on a farm in Spencer county, Indiana, is married and has one daughter; Ellen T., wife of Aaron Kearstead, a farmer of Jonesboro, and the father of eight children; Athalia 0., who lives in Clark county, and has a family by her late husband, Fremont Heal, who was killed by a gas explosion ; the sixth child died in infancy ; Benjamin S., a farmer in Blackford county, Indiana, and has a large family of children; Sarah E., and Julia, twins, the former a widow living in Jonesboro, with four children, and the latter the wife of Daniel Farr, living in Illinois; and William D., a veterinary surgeon at Fowlerton, Indiana, and the father of a family.

Warren Clark Nottingham was bom in Jefferson township of Grant county, November 20, 1853. His early life was spent in his native township, and while assisting in the labor of the home farm he also had the advantages of the home school. After reaching his majority he bought some land, and at the present time, as a result of years of suc¬ cessful management and industry, owns one hundred and twenty acres of farm land in Jefferson township. It is improved with a comfortable dwelling house, and a large red barn and other outbuilding testify to the thrift and management of the estate. For the past seven years Mr. Nottingham has given little active attention to the management of his farm and has lived in Matthews, or that part of it called Old Town.

In 1874 Mr. Nottingham was first married in Jefferson township to Miss Ruth A. Brown, who was bom in Jefferson township, August 7, 1851. Her death occurred at the old home farm, June 2, 1905. Her children were: Mary Bernice, wife of John Gadbury, a farmer in Licking township of Blackford county, Indiana, and their five children are Ernest, Ross, Floyd, Gale and Harold. Harmon J., the second child of Mr. and Mrs. Nottingham, is on his father's farm and by his marriage to Rosiphene Walker, has the following children: Cecil A., Lester E., Ethel M., and Clair. Clella, the third of the family, is the wife of Wilson Leach, a farmer in Jefferson township. Their chil¬ dren are: Crystal, Ruth, deceased; Bernice and Mozelle. Besides these three children still living, Preston died in infancy, and Guy and Glenn, twins, also died in childhood.

On March 6, 1907, Mr. Nottingham married for his second wife, Mrs. Sidney C. Brown, widow of John L. Brown. Her maiden name was Haines, and she was born in Monroe township of Grant county, November 13, 1858, and was reared and educated in this county, and first married in Jefferson township. Her husband, Mr. Brown, was a resident here for many years and a farmer, his life coming to an end on May 11, 1904. The Brown children were: Emory L., and Virgil H., both well educated and living at home, and three children that died in childhood. Mrs. Nottingham is the daugh¬ ter of Nathan and Sarah (Imes) Haines. Nathan Haines was bom in Ohio. October 25, 1813, and died in Kansas in 1886. Nathan Haines was a son of Ebenezer, who was bom in 1799 and died in 1850, and he in turn was a son of Joseph Haines, born either in Virginia or Penn¬ sylvania. A brother of Joseph was Vincent, who was poisoned during the Revolutionary war by drinking water, into which some Hessian soldier had poured poison. Joseph Haines spent his life as a Virginia planter and farmer, having located in that colony in 1770. Ebenezer Haines came west on reaching manhood, and in 1803 settled in Colum¬ biana county, Ohio, living and prospering there until the close of his years. Nathan Haines was three times married and had children by each wife. His last wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Imes, was the mother of Mrs. Nottingham. Nathan Haines spent his last years in Cloud county, Kansas, where he died at the age of seventy-two. His widow afterwards returned to Grant county, Indiana, and died there at the age of sixty-six. They were active members of the Chris¬ tian church, and four of their seven children are still living. Mr. and Mrs. Nottingham are working members of the Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Nottingham is a vigorous exponent of the Democratic doctrines in politics. He is now serving his fifth year as deputy assessor of Jefferson township.

Jesse C. Holloway. Representing a young generation of a family which has been identified with Grant county for many years, Jesse C. Holloway has for fourteen years successfully raised the product of the soil on his farm in section twenty-six of Fairmount township. His farm contains one hundred and twenty acres, nearly all of which is in a high state of cultivation. Farming with Mr. Holloway is a prac¬ tical business matter, and his methods are such as to insure the con¬ tinuous fertility and value of his estate. He never raises more than two successive crops of corn on the same ground. His rotation changes his land from clover to corn, then to oats, then to wheat, and then back to clover. His home has been on this land since 1899, and his improve¬ ments in buildings are of the very best.

Mr. Holloway has lived in Grant county all his life, and was born in Monroe township, January 23. 1876. The family history has been told on other pages and will be briefly summarized at this place. Three brothers of the name left England during the colonial days, and one of them located in North Carolina. Of Quaker stock, the family in subsequent generations have always been devoted to that church. First to be mentioned among the descendants of the first settler is Abner Holloway, who married Elizabeth Stanley, and they both lived and died in North Carolina, wrhere they were farmers and upright people. They were the parents of four children. Of these Jesse was born about 1805, and in his home state he married Eleanor Hinshaw, who was born in North Carolina in 1810. After their marriage they settled on a farm, where the wife gained great reputation throughout a large com¬ munity as a midwife and doctor. Their home was later moved to Ohio. Jesse and Eleanor Holloway were the parents of nine children. Second among these was Abner, who was born December 6, 1830, in Clinton county, Ohio. When he was a child the family moved to Fairmount township in Grant county. Here in the Friends church and with the Quaker ceremony, on May 15, 1854, Abner Holloway married Sarah Rich, who was born in Hamilton county, Ohio, October 7, 1837, and was a child when she came to Grant county. The history of the Rich family is told on other pages of this Grant county history. Abner Holloway and wife began their careers in Monroe township, and in 1882 moved to Fairmount township. Abner died April 1, 1903, and his widow is still living. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom Jesse C. was the eighth.

Mr. Jesse C. Holloway was six years of age when his parents moved to Fairmount township, where he grew up and was educated in the local schools. His early environment was a farm and when he started out in life for himself he settled upon that vocation and has made a success of it.

In the house where he now lives, Mr. Holloway was married in 1898 to Miss Lillie M. Com, who was bom in Jonesboro, July 25, 1878. Her parents are John G. and Rebecca (Ice) Corn, who are still living. They were bom in Indiana and were married in Madison county, where they had their home for many years, later moving to Fairmount town¬ ship in this county. Mr. Com has combined the vocation of carpenter with farming and also runs a threshing outfit during each harvest sea¬ son. Mr. and Mrs. Holloway are the parents of five children : R. Ger¬ trude, bom July 17, 1899, and now attending school; Dwight C., born September 4, 1901, and in school at Fowlerton; John H., born February

19, 1904, also in school ; Hazel E., bora May 18, 1908 ; and S. Pauline, bom March 8, 1912. In politics Mr. Holloway is a Prohibitionist and he and his wife worship in the Methodist Protestant Church.

Alpheus Hamlin Shields. The Shields family has lived in Grant county for fifty years. Its members have as a rule been practical farm¬ ers, men of energy and thrift, good managers, and agreeable and useful in all their relations with the community. Mr. Alpheus H. Shields has for more than thirty years been succeeding as a farmer in Fairmount township, his home being in section thirty-two on the rural route No. 21 out of Fairmount.

His grandparents were George and Ann Shields, both natives of Virginia, and probably of old families in that old commonwealth. From Virginia after their marriage they moved to Clinton county, Ohio, where they spent the remainder of their days. Grandfather Shields was probably only a few years past middle age when he died, but his wife survived until she was ninety years of age. They were members of the Methodist church. In their family were one son and four daugh¬ ters, all the latter growing up, marrying and having families of their own.

John M. Shields, the only son was bora January 24, 1819, was reared on a farm, and in Clinton county, Ohio, on May 16, 1844, mar¬ ried Martha Connell. She was bom in the state of Pennsylvania, April 10, 1818, a daughter of Hiram and Nancy Connell, all of whom came to Clinton county. The Connell family belonged to the Friends Church. The Rev. Mr. Baker of the Methodist faith, married John M. Shields and wife. Both the Shields and the Connell families it should be noted, were of Scotch-Irish stock. All the children, three sons and one daughter, of John M. Shields and wife were bora in Clinton county. Later, in 1862, they moved to Indiana, where the father bought two hundred and ninety-two acres in section five of Fairmount township. After improving his land, and gaining a comfortable competence for himself during his declining years, besides providing well for his chil¬ dren, he and his wife about 1872, moved to a farm near Fairmount city, and there both spent their last years. The mother died September

20, 1888. Their church was the Methodist, though later they joined the Friends church and it was in that faith that both passed away. John M. Shields was a Republican in politics. The children of John M. Shields and wife were: Louisa, who married Joseph Pool, a farmer of Fairmount township, and their children are John and Nettie; George, who now lives in Fairmount city, married Ida Persnet, and has three children, Ethel, Charles and Frank. The third is Alpheus H. Shields;

Alpheus Hamlin Shields was born in Clinton county, Ohio, May 28, 1852. Since he was ten years of age his home has been within two miles of Fairmount city. His education was acquired partly in the schools of Ohio, and partly in Fairmount township, and since he reached his majority his energies have been closely devoted to farming. At the present time he is the owner of a place of seventy acres of fine land in section thirty-one, and besides that operates fifty acres in another tract. Farming is a successful business in the case of Mr. Shields, and as a grower of the staple crops, there has seldom been a year when he has not added at least a little to his prosperity. He and his wife reside in a very comfortable home, and there are good barns and improvements all about the place.

His first marriage occurred in Fairmount township on Christmas Day of 1880, when Mattie E. Neal became his wife. She was bora in Grant county, February 15, 1863, and died at their home in September, 1893. Her parents were Eli and Sophia (Lamb) Neal, who came to Grant county from Ohio, and were married in this county. They were farmers, members of the Friends Church and Wesleyan Methodist faith respectively, and their home was in Fairmount township until death. To the marriage of Mr. Shields and Miss Neal were bom four children : Estella S. is the wife of Otto Harris, a farmer in Delaware county, and they have one daughter, Lillian ; Thad J. is unmarried and lives at home; Claude W., died in childhood: Edith J. is the wife of Claude Kitterman, their home being in Blackford county, on a farm, and their one child is Dorothy B.

On August 6, 1894, at Summitville, in Madison county, Mr. Shields married Mrs. Elizabeth Atkinson, whose maiden name was Painter. She was born on the old Painter homestead in Madison county, February 19, 1868, and was reared and educated there. Her parents were Silas P. and Dorcas C. (Heritage) Painter. Her father, born in Henry county, Indiana, is still living on the old homestead in Madison county with his son, and will be seventy-eight years of age on December 4, 1913. Mrs. Shields' mother was born in Preble county, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Painter began life in Madison county near Summitville, where by their united industries they acquired a fine home of one hundred and sixty acres, on which all the children were reared. Mrs. Painter died January 3, 1906, at the age of sixty-eight. The Painter family were members of the Missionary Baptist church. Silas P. Painter was a son of George W. and Keziah (Perry) Painter, who were among the pioneer settlers of Madi¬ son county, where they died. Mrs. Shields by her first marriage to Robert H. Atkinson, who was born in Decatur county, Indiana, and died April 16, 1891, had the following children: Lottie V., who died at the age of three years ; J. P. Lester, who married Hazel Lamb, lives in Sum¬ mitville, and has no children ; Bertie M., who lives at the Shields home. Mr. and Mrs. Shields have the following children of their own: Alva, who died in infancy ; Ina L., born June 6, 1908 ; and Silas H., bom Sep¬ tember 14, 1911. The religious affiliation of Mr. and Mrs. Shields is with the Baptist church, while in politics he is a regular Republican voter.

James A. Hubert. Those interested in the pioneer relics of Grant county will not find them all, nor the most interesting, in the collection of the Grant County Historical Association. The students of the past in seeking out the curious would make no more profitable journey than to the homestead of James A. Hubert in Fairmount township. Mr. Hubert has himself lived in Grant county for sixty years, and has for many years carefully guarded and cherished the old Clark homestead, built by his Grandfather Clark in the pioneer days, and it is on the land originally comprising the Clark farm that Mr. Hubert has lived for a long period of years. Within the old home, standing in the same yard on which Mr. Hubert's modern residence is located, are to be found many choice and rare mementoes of the past, and about the old home center many associations not only of a family nature, but also significant of the past in this county. In the following paragraphs space is given to a brief sketch of the Hubert family, and also of the Clark generation, and to as much of the activities of these people as can properly be compressed within the limits of one short chapter of family history.

First to be mentioned in this article is the late Rev. John Hubert, one of the finest characters of the old times in Grant county. Some interesting material concerning the life of this noble minister and patriot is contained in a eulogy delivered by Rev. W. T. Arnold at the funeral of Rev. Hubert, and what follows is largely an abstract from that oration. John Hubert was born at Cambridge, Guernsey, Ohio, March 30, 1825. His father and mother came to this country from France and settled on a farm in Ohio, and both died when the son was young, so that little is known of their history. When John Hubert was three years old he lost his father, and the boy was then bound out to learn the hatter's trade. He continued at this trade until the Mexican war broke out, when he responded to the call of duty and served one year. After returning he located at Sweetser, in Grant county, taking a tract of land that was given him by the government. He built a small cabin on this land, which was not only used for living purpose, but was also used to hold church services in, the people coming from miles around to attend the services. It was in that cabin that he was converted under the preaching of Brother Bradshaw, and was the only person on that charge converted in that year. He had been reared in the Presbyterian faith, but hence¬ forth was devoted to the service of the Methodist denomination. Later he was licensed to exhort and later as a local preacher. He became very effective in this work, and held many revivals in which scores of souls were converted. He loved to preach and sing the old-time songs. He was instrumental in building twTo churches near and in Sweetser, a town which was located on his farm. He donated the ground for these churches, and gave liberally of his money toward their erection. After leaving Sweetser he moved to the farm where he resided until his death. For the second time during his life he felt the call of duty to go to the Civil war and enlisted in Company C of the Fifty-fourth Indiana Regi¬ ment. While in the war he was wounded through the foot by a gun shot in the battle of Vicksburg. He served fifteen months in this un¬ pleasant struggle.

The noble Christian life of Rev. John Hubert came to a peaceful close on Thursday afternoon, January 21, 1904. From his life and its work his eulogist drew some inspiring lessons, and in these he called attention to Mr. Hubert's loyalty to God. And in his loyalty he com¬ bined a complete absence from pretension and hypocrisy. In addition to his loyalty came second his patriotism, and none excelled him in his devotion to his country and her flag. The third point brought out in the eulogy was his Christian patience, and it was said that the longer he lived the more patient and kindly he became, so that his last years passed in weakness and suffering, were never a burden upon those who cheerfully and gladly cared for him. In the words of Rev. Arnold he could say as did the Apostle Paul at the close of his life: "I am now ready to be offered, for the time of my departure is at hand, I have

On July 4, 1849, Rev. John Hubert was united in marriage with Caroline E. Clark. Their marriage was solemnized under the roof of her father's old home, a log house with clapboards, still standing on the farm of Mr. Hubert. Caroline F. Clark was bom in Pennsylvania, September 12, 1826, and was brought to Fairmount township in Grant county, a child of eleven years in 1837. Her parents were James and Sarah E. (Simons) Clark. Her maternal grandfather, Captain Simons, served in the Revolutionary war, thus introducing another military ancestor in the family relationship of Mr. James A. Hubert. Sarah E. Simons was born March 16, 1796, in Pennsylvania, in which state her husband was bom February 10, 1794. They were married in that state on the banks of the Susquehanna river. James Clark began his career as a lumber rafter, which hardy occupation he combined with the more peaceful pursuits of farming. In 1837 he and his family came west, spending one season in Ohio, and then on to Grant county. He bought one hundred and eight acres in section twelve of Fairmount township, purchasing the land from John Dilley and paying ten dollars an acre. There he lived and died and improved a home, and at his death in 1876 was owner of two hundred and sixteen acres. Turning aside for a moment from following out the family history, attention will be given to that old Clark home, now owned by James A. Hubert. The house was erected about eighty-five years ago, and was built of logs, as a frame work. Later Mr. Clark covered those logs with weatherboards, and the entire structure is still in good repair. The logs were hewed on the farm, and the boards were also sawed there. The lime for the plaster and mortar for filling in the chinks and making the plaster was burned from lime rock which was obtained on the farm. That was a pioneer species of manufacturing such as perhaps few are now familiar with. The limestone was piled upon huge heaps of logs, and then the entire pile was fired and in the intense heat thus generated, the rock was reduced to lime. The timber entering into the construction of that old home was of walnut, poplar, and white oak, and of the very finest grade, all of the trees being cut from the farm. This wood is still well preserved, and the entire house is an excellent illustration of the substantial char¬ acter of pioneer housebuilding. It is due to the care and veneration of Mr. Hubert for the past that this home is so well preserved. Among the articles of old-time household furniture still kept there is a very old spinning wheel once used by his Grandmother Clark. There is also her teapot of a special pattern engraved with the United States emblem, a shield and eagle and thirteen stars. There are two articles, implements used by his Grandfather Clark, one being a hand-made frow and the other a lath hatchet. On this old homestead and in the old home, Grand¬ father James Clark died in 1878, while his wife died in 1884. They were members of the Methodist Protestant church, and in politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican. There were ten Clark children. James Clark, Jr., now lives in Fairmount City. One of the daughters, Mrs. John 0. Havens, lives in Fowlerton, Grant county, and was ninetythree years of age on the twenty-third of February, 1913.

To- the marriage of Rev. John Hubert and Caroline F. Clark were born four sons and one daughter, namely: Daniel, James, William, Granville, and Rinta. William died at the age of seven, and Rinta, when eleven years of age. Daniel now lives as a retired farmer in Jonesboro, and has two sons and a daughter. Granville is a fruit farmer in the state of California, and has three daughters and one son. The mother of this family, Mrs. Caroline Hubert was a splendid Christian woman.

Daniel Marine Mrs. Daniel Marine

James A. Hubert grew up and was educated in Pleasant township of Grant county, where he lived until 1877. Since that time his home has been on the farm of one hundred and sixteen acres in Fairmount township, a portion of the estate owned by his Grandfather Clark. As already stated, he has a beautiful new home, an attractive dwelling house, white with dark trimmings, and in the rear stands a fine red barn. He has prospered as a farmer, is a man of vigorous enterprise in every undertaking, and has well upheld the substantial traditions of his family.

In Grant county, on October 19, 1882, Mr. Hubert married Antonette Hamilton. She was born in Delaware county, Indiana, December 26, 1858, and was a baby when brought to Grant county. Her parents John M. and Ann S. (Hooper) Hamilton, were both natives of Adams county, Ohio, her father bom in 1826 and her mother in 1827. In that county they were married, came to Indiana in 1858, and after a year in Delaware county, moved to Green township of Grant county. John M. Hamilton had a farm, and also contributed to the industrial resources of the county by operating a shingle factory. His death occurred Sep¬ tember 1, 1877, in Green township. His wife died there February 13, 1872. The Hamilton family were members of the Christian church, and Mr. Hamilton was in politics a Democrat. There were eleven children of the Hamilton name, four sons and seven daughters. One son and two daughters are still living.

Mr. and Mrs. Hubert became the parents of three children. Lodesta A., bom January 28, 1884, was educated in the public schools, and is the wife of Eli Carter, who lives near Jonesboro. They have one son Hubert W., bom November 17, 1910. Evaline died at the age of nineteen months, while John H. died at the age of one year and twenty-three days. The wife and mother, Mrs. James A. Hubert, met a sad and untimely death on September 30, 1913, when the carriage in which she was driving was struck by a fast train at the railroad crossing at Jones¬ boro, and she was instantly killed. During her residence in this com¬ munity she grew in honor and esteem and her memory will be revered by the many friends which she drew about her. Mr. Hubert is a member of the Methodist church, as was also his wife, and he is a Republican in politics.

Daniel Marine. No family in Grant county stands higher in the scale of intelligence and culture than that of Daniel Marine and wife, whose beautiful country home is in section eight of Jefferson township. They are people who both come from pioneer stock, have lived long and experienced deeply of life, have done much more than make a home and pile up material prosperity for their later years, for at the same time they have looked well to those things which are of the higher and better life, and have gained a great amount of the respect and affection which are among the best rewards of living.

Concerning the name a family tradition runs that it gets its origin from some early disaster by sea, in which either some of the family were lost at sea, or were saved from a storm, an incident which created a permanent name for all subsequent generations. Daniel Marine's grandfather was Jonathan Marine, born near Fayetteville, North Caro¬ lina, about 1780. Of good old southern stock, and of Qua^er faith he married a Quakeress, Hannah Moorman, of North Carolina. During their residence in North Carolina, most of their children were born, and in 1813 the grandparents moved north and found a home in

Wayne county, Indiana, where so many of their Quaker brethren had preceded them. They located near Fountain City in that county, where Jonathan Marine died at the age of forty-five. His widow survived many years, and also died in that county. Their children were: John, William (Billy), Jonathan J., and Asa, and also several daughters.

Asa Marine was born in North Carolina, August 3, 1803, was ten years of age when he came to Wayne county, grew up on a farm, and was married near Fountain City to Lydia Huff, who was bom in North Carolina, about 1808. Her father, Jesse Huff, moved with his family to Wayne county at a very early date. That was years before railroads were built, and the Huffs and also the Marines accom¬ plished this long journey between the Atlantic Coast and the Middle West with wagons and teams. Jesse Huff and wife were Quakers and spent their lives . in Wayne county. After his marriage, Asa Marine continued to live in Wayne county, until 1842, when he moved to Grant county. His first purchase of land was in Fairmont township, and later he located in Jefferson, where in time he became the owner of a large estate of four hundred acres. His land was regarded and still is considered to be the finest in quality and general fertility in the northern section of the township. Its situation is along the west side of the Mississenwa River. Many years were busily employed by him in the development of that estate, and with the improvements which he introduced it became an ideal farm. Among the ways in which he increased its value and made it attractive not only for farming purposes, but also as a home was the pretentious brick house, containing ten rooms, and basement, which he had constructed in 1860. At that time there were few residences in the county that equalled it in size and equipment and furnishings. The interest in the old homestead is increased by the fact that it was mainly a home product. The lumber that entered into its construction originally grew in trees on the farm and was cut and sawed on the place, the brick was dug and burned in kilns on the land, and a limestone quarry in the same vicinity fur¬ nished the rock which was burned for the lime. However, the feature which gave it special distinction and set it off as an aristocratic dwelling far in advance of those in Grant county at that time, were the imported French glass windows, which were both rare and somewhat costly. Asa Marine continued to live in that home and supervise his large interests until his death in February, 1876. His wife had passed away some years previously at the age of seventy-five years. Both were birthright Quakers. The children of Asa and wife were: Keziah, who died young; Mary A., who, after her marriage to John Wise, died, leaving a son and daughter, also now deceased; Julia, who married James Ballenger, and both are deceased, leaving several children ; Eliza¬ beth, the widow of Jacob Wise, a well lmown farmer in Jefferson town¬ ship; and Daniel.

Daniel Marine, whose family relations have thus been sketched, was born in Wayne county, near Fountain City, March 1, 1841. When he was eighteen months old his parents moved to Grant county. Here he grew to manhood, had his early training in the country schools, was trained under the supervision of his father in the management of the farm, and has always been identified with the old place, having a portion of the homestead as his present farm, including the old brick residence previously described, and which is now one of the interesting landmarks in that section of the county. It is still in a good state of repair, and a comfortable dwelling for the Marine family, whose asso¬ ciations and early memories all go back and center about that delightful old home. Besides the dwelling, Mr. Marine in his time has improved and built several new farm buildings, and keeps his place up to the highest state of efficiency as a model stock and grain farm. He raises and feeds a large number of high grade live stock.

Mr. Marine was just at the entrance to young manhood when the Civil war broke out, and he enlisted August 11, 1862, in Company I, 101st Indiana Volunteer Infantry, served until close of the war, was discharged June 24, 1865, near Louisville, Kentucky. Daniel Marine belonged to the 14th Army Corps, under Gen. George H. Thomas and later under Gen. Jeff C. Davis. He participated in thirty or more battles and engagements but was never injured or captured. He was very sick, however, for seven months, practically all this time being in the hospital at Nashville, Tenn. While he was in the hospital his regiment participated in their fiercest battle, that of Chickamauga, where the regiment was practically cut to pieces. Daniel Marine was with his regiment at the Siege of Atlanta and went with Sherman on his historic March to the Sea and during that march there wasn 't a day for four months that they did not hear the firing of cannon, being practi¬ cally under fire all that time. He was with Sherman's Army, near Raleigh, North Carolina, when General Johnson surrendered to General Sherman. Mr. Marine reached home from the war July 2, 1865. His public service did not cease with his return from the army, and he has always manifested an intelligent and progressive interest in the local welfare. His politics is Republican, and for nineteen years he served as assessor, and trustee for four years, and at the present time is chair¬ man of the advisory township board.

In Monroe township of this county, Mr. Marine married Miss Mary E. Wright, who was bom in Preble county, Ohio, October 29, 1846. Mrs. Marine has well upheld her responsibilities of motherhood and as a homemaker, and is one of the best loved women in this part of the county. Her grandparents, Samuel and Jane (Taylor) Wright, were early settlers of Preble county, Ohio. Samuel Wright, born in Ireland, came with a brother when a young man to America, located first in Greenbrier county, in Western Virginia, and after his marriage Samuel moved to Pennsylvania, and finally to Preble county, Ohio, where he died at the age of ninety years; his wife was seventy when she passed away and both were Presbyterians. Robert Wright, father of Mrs. Marine, was born in Preble county, Ohio, January 15, 1816, was reared on a farm, and was married to Catherine Price, who was bom in Preble comity in 1813, and died November 28, 1885, a daughter of David and Elizabeth (Cook) Price. Robert Wright and wife lived in Preble county' until 1849, then came to Grant county, buying eighty acres of land in Monroe township, which was their home until they retired to the village of Upland, where Robert Wright died February 13, 1895, at the age of seventy-nine, having been bom in 1816. His wife was born in the same year and died November 28, 1885. They were both Quakers in religion.

The children bom to Mr. and Mrs. Marine are mentioned as fol¬ lows : Charles O., born December 16, 1868, and died November 14, 1899, married Carrie Shaw, who is living and has a son Glenn M., who marrier Nora Kiser, and they have one child, Ortha E. Flora C. was bom March 11, 1870, and died May 7, 1890, leaving one child, now Mrs. Epha A. Miller, who has two children, Leota and Grace Etta. Henry C., bom March 6, 1876, and now employed with the Big Four Railroad at Beech Grove, Indiana. He married Blanche Bole, and their two children, Delight and Lewis, are both in school. Minnie A., born August 7 1879, educated in the grade schools, married William Bragg of Jef- ferson township, Grant county, and they have one child, Earl, bom October 7, 1896, and a member of the Upland high school class of 1914. Arthur L., bom April 29, 1882, educated at Upland, and in the Val¬ paraiso Normal College and an Indianapolis business college, has for a number of years been identified with banking and the loan business and now has his home in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He married Josephine Heland of Marion, and they have a daughter, Dorothy. Gladys C., graduated from the grade schools in 1903, and from the Upland high school in 1907, from the State University at Bloomington in 1913, and for four years taught school in Jefferson township. Mr. and Mrs. Marine are both active members of the Friends church.

Alvin J. Wilson. Grant county, Indiana, is in a large degree' agri¬ cultural, but its flourishing towns and villages, its large and prosperous manufactories, its modern educational institutions, prove that a vigorous life underlies every activity, although here, as in every section of the world, dependence is necessarily - placed upon the products of the land and the labor of those who develop it. No matter how men may toil, or how much they may achieve in any direction, they must all be fed, and it is the agriculturist, in the background, who provides for the survival of mankind. Happily there are, in Grant county, contented owners of land who intelligently and willingly carry on the peaceful pursuits of tilling the soil and, although they do not seek such a term of approbation, are, nevertheless, benefactors of the race. They are often m^u of wide in¬ formation on many subjects, usually are qualified for offices of public service, for the proper cultivation of the soil and a realization of its utmost yield, requires knowledge on many subjects. The vital questions in farming are national. They concern the safeguarding of fertility; the increasing of yields of crops and the production of animals; the reduction of costs of production ; the elimination of wastes in marketing ; cooperation to guard the farmer's interests and increase his profits; the improvement of his home and community for his family. It is not always the owner of extensive tracts who is the most successful farmer, as is attested by the career of Alvin J. Wilson, of section twenty-three, Fairmount township, who, upon a tract of fifty acres, is producing crops far in advance in size and quality to those of many of his fellow-citizens in the county who have double his amount of land. Mr. Wilson has mastered his vocation in every particular, and as one of the men who are developing the best interests of his community, he is eminently deserv¬ ing of extended mention in a work of this nature.

Alvin J. Wilson is of Scotch-English ancestry. His grandfather, John Wilson, was born in Randolph county, North Carolina, about the year 1795, and was reared in the faith of the Quakers, early engaging in agricultural pursuits. In his native county he was united in marriage with Miss Mary (Polly) Winslow, who was also born in that county, about the year 1800, and was a faithful member of the Friends' Church. After the birth of all of their children, between the years 1836 and 1838 Mr. and Mrs. Wilson left their home in the Old North State, and emi¬ grated with teams and wagons, in true pioneer style, to Wayne county, Indiana, there settling temporarily in the Quaker settlement in the vicinity of Richmond. Some years later they came on to Grant county, locating on a farm in section six, the south part of Fairmount township. After taking up and improving a farm from the virgin soil, they lived on that farm many years, then disposed of their property and moved to Fairmount, and here spent the remainder of their lives, the father passing away when about seventy years of age, about the time of the close of the Civil War, while his widow survived him some years and was past seventy years of age at the time of her demise. They became the parents of seven sons and three daughters, all of whom grew to maturity and became the heads of families, and all now deceased with the excep¬ tion of Samuel, who is now aged more than seventy years. All of the children were birthright Quakers.

Of the ten children of John and Mary (Winslow) Wilson, Nathan D. Wilson, the father of Alvin J. Wilson, was the second child and was bom in Randolph county, North Carolina, in 1818. He was a young man when he accompanied his parents to Indiana and resided at home until after the family came to Grant county. He was married in Fairmount township to Miss Mary Hill, who was bom in Randolph county, North Carolina, in 1822, and who came to Wayne county, Indiana, as a child with her parents, Aaron and Nancy Hill. After living in Wayne county for some years the Hill family came to Grant county and located on new land on the Jonesboro and Fairmount turnpike, and there both Mr. and Mrs. Hill passed away when well advanced in years. They were devout Quakers throughout their lives, and attended meetings at all times indicated by that faith, at all hazards and at any sacrifice. They were the parents of five sons and three daughters, and all grew to be aged people, although only one child still survives, Nathan Hill, who lives in Mill township, is married and has a large family.

After his marriage, Nathan Wilson embarked in agricultural pursuits on his own account, on a farm on Fairmount township, a part of which lay within the city limits of Fairmount, while a part lay just outside. There through years of industry, perseverance and good management, he was successful in developing a handsome and valuable farm from the green woods, and at the time of his death, in February, 1881, he was known as one of the substantial men of hia community. His widow survived him for many years and died November 21, 1909, at the home of her son, Alvin J. Wilson, having attained to the advanced age of eighty-seven years. Both birthright Quakers, Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were ever active in the work of their faith, and both became early elders in the Fairmount Friends' Church. Before and during the war between the States, Mr. Wilson was a stalwart anti-slavery man, and for a number of years his home was an important station in the so-called Underground Railroad, which assisted fugitive slaves on their way to the North and freedom. A Republican in political matters, he took an active and influ¬ ential part in township affairs, although he never cared for public office. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson became the parents of five sons and eight daughters, of whom all grew to maturity with the exception of one daughter who died at the age of nine years, the other daughters all passing away after marriage. Four of the sons are still living, namely : Joseph, a prominent retired merchant of Newburg, Oregon, who is married and has two children; Henry, a sheep grower and wool dealer of Big Sandy, Montana, who has also been married but whose wife is now deceased ; Alvin J. ; and Thomas, editor and proprietor of the Formosa Spirit } of Formosa, Kansas, who is married and has a family.

Alvin J. Wilson was bom November 20, 1859, in Grant county, Indiana, and was educated in the local schools. In his boyhood he divided his time between attendance at school and assisting his father in the work of the home farm, thus receiving early training in agricul¬ tural pursuits which has been of inestimable value to him in his subse¬ quent operations. He has always devoted himself to the tilling of the soil, and is now the owner of fifty acres of fine land in section twentythree, Fairmount township. On this he has erected a modem residence, painted drab, a substantial bam, well-built silo and other buildings, all substantial in character and pleasing in architectural design. Mr.

Wilson does his own work and does it well, and although he has but fifty acres under cultivation, he produces crops that will compare favorably with those of any agriculturist of his township. He raises corn, oats, clover and alfalfa, and finds a ready market for his product. He has also been successful in his stock raising ventures, and his cattle are well-fed, sleek and content. All in all, his property has a most pleasing and pros¬ perous appearance, and, Mr. Wilson is to be congratulated for what he has accomplished by his conscientious endeavors.

Mr. Wilson was married in Fairmount township, to Miss Margaret R. Neal, who was bora at Marion, Indiana, January 5, 1857, and there reared and educated, daughter of William Neal, a native of Ohio, and an early settler of Grant county. He spent the greater part of his life at Marion, where he was a well known educator and county official, serving for some years as surveyor and auditor, and also well known as a historian, having taken a prominent part in the compilation i>f a county atlas and county history in 1896. He died when past seventy years of age. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilson there have been born two sons : Chester W., who was bora October 21, 1880; and Clyde N., born February 5, 1883. Chester W. Wilson was educated in the city schools of Fairmount, Fairmount Academy and Purdue University, . and after his graduation from the latter institution, served one year as mechanical engineer on the con¬ struction of the Panama Canal. He is now chief mechanical engineer of construction work for the Guggenheims, with his home at Salt Lake City, Utah. Mr. Wilson married Ava Armstrong, of Indiana, and they have had two sons : Leroy, aged five years ; and Frank, who is three years old. Clyde N. Wilson was given good educational advantages, and has been engaged in work of an educational nature, being at this time prin¬ cipal and manager of the Wisconsin Business College, at Manitowoc, Wisconsin. He married Miss Ila Jacobs, and they have two sons, Walter T., who is five years of age ; and Richard, aged three years.

Mr. and Mrs. Wilson and their children are consistent members of the Quaker faith, and for fourteen years Mr. Wilson served as church treasurer. He is a Republican in his political views, and has been honored by election public office, having served as township trustee from 1904 to 1908. Everywhere he is known as a man of the utmost integrity, and his many excellencies of heart and mind have drawn about him a wide circle of friends.

Clinton Winslow. The owner of a Grant county farm like that of Clinton Winslow in Fairmount township is an enviable citizen. Meas¬ ured by modem American standards, he is not a rich man, but what he has he has won by commendable industry and efficient management, and his prosperity is of that substantial quality which suffers little fluctua¬ tion. His has been a consistently honorable and productive career and there is no apology for his past nor ill omen for his future.

Clinton Winslow was born in Fairmount township of Grant county, June 1, 1869. He is a son of Nixon Winslow and a grandson of Thomas Winslow, both of whom were natives of Randolph county, North Caro¬ lina. Grandfather Thomas Wilson was born about 1800, and came of a long line of Quaker ancestors. The family had been founded in America during the early colonial period, three brothers having found their way across the seas, and one locating in New England, another in New York, and another in the south, from the last of whom descended the present branch of the family. The prevailing occupation among nearly all the male members was farming. Thomas Winslow grew up in North Caro¬ lina, and first married a native of his home county, who died leaving four children. For his second wife, Thomas Winslow married Martha

Bogue, who was bora August 3, 1805, and was one of four daughters of a very prominent family of Randolph county, North Carolina, and subse¬ quently of Grant and adjoining counties in Indiana. All those four daughters were married ; Mary married Phineas Henly ; Martha married Thomas Winslow ; Elizabeth married Iredell Rush ; and Ann W. married Matthew Winslow. All these came north and all became residents of Grant county, where they died and left large families. Thomas Winslow and wife with two or three children about 1836 accomplished the long migration to Grant county, Indiana, making the trip entirely overland and with wagons and teams, they located on new land in Fairmount town¬ ship. During their residence they owned two or three different farms, and died on what is now the Jess Bogue farm in Fairmount township. His death occurred in 1862, at the age of about sixty-five, while his wife passed away in 1868, and was also quite old. They were prominent people in the Friends church.

The children of Thomas Winslow and wife were : 1. Nixon, who is mentioned in the following paragraph, was the father of Clinton Winslow. 2. John, died after his marriage, leaving a family, and was a farmer in Mill township. 3. Nancy was twice married, first to Jesse Reese, and second to John Jennings, having a daughter and a son by her first mar¬ riage. 4. Penina was also twice married, her first husband being Joel B. White, and her second a Mr. Johnson Baugh. She had no children by either husband. 5. Carroll died in infancy, $nd his body was conveyed to the cemetery on horseback. 6. David died after his marriage to Nancy Harris, who now lives in Jonesboro, without children.

Nixon Winslow was bom in Randolph county, North Carolina, June 28, 1831. He was five years of age when the family came to Indiana, and he continued to make his home in Grant county until his death in Fairmount City, May 23, 1910. His last days were spent at his home on east Washington Street, in a commodious brick house, which was in many ways a monument to his industry and enterprise. He had burned the brick on the same lot which was the building site, and had constructed the house under his own direct supervision and partly with his own labor. He occupied the old home for forty years, and it is still standing, a fine, substantial landmark. He was a successful farmer and stock raiser, and also did a large business in the buying and shipping of stock. In politics he was a Republican, and belonged to the Friends church, being a trustee at the time of his death. Nixon Winslow was married in Mill township to Miss Cynthia Ann Jay. Her birth occurred in Miami county, Indiana, and she was a young girl when her parents Dennis J. and wife came to Grant county. Mr. and Mrs. Jay died in Mill township when quite old. Considerable interesting history might be written about the Jay family during its residence in Grant county. Their home was one of the stations on the famous underground railway of the ante-bellum days, and many a night Mr. Jay spent in driving a wagon carrying a fugitive on north towards the Canadian boundary.

Mrs. Nixon Winslow is still living, and celebrated her eighty-first birthday on May 5, 1913. Her home is on East First Street in Fairmount, and she is a hale and hearty and venerable old lady. The chil¬ dren of Nixon Winslow and wife are: Levina, the wife of John Kelsay, of Fairmount township; Webster Jay, who is a retired farmer in Fairmount, is married and has a family; Mary E., who lives at home with her mother and is unmarried ; Thomas Denney, a farmer in Liberty town¬ ship, and the father of three children; Ansel, who is a farmer in Fairmount township and has two sons ; and Clinton.

owns one hundred and fifty acres of highly improved land, has it devel¬ oped with excellent buildings, with good fences, and all in the highest state of cultivation. One of the features of the farm establishment which shows his progressive enterprise is a silo, holding a hundred tons of ensilage. All that he raises on his farm is fed to his stock, and he grows general crops in proper rotation, oats, wheat, com, clover, and hay. Mr. Winslow recently retired from his farm to a home in Fairmount city. He is a regular supporter of the Prohibition party in politics.

In 1904, in Fairmount, he was united in marriage with Myrtle E. Ellis, who was bom in Clinton county, Ohio, October 3, 1870, and was one year of age when she came to Mill township in Grant county. Her parents were James M. and Louisa Moon Ellis. They made their home in Mill township until their death. They were of the orthodox Quaker faith. To Mr. and Mrs. Winslow has been born one daughter, Mary Evelyn, on August 24, 1896. She received a public school education, and is now a junior in the Fairmount Academy. Mr. Winslow and wife and daughter are all adherents of the Quaker church.

John C. Devine. By a career devoted to agriculture through a period of a quarter of a century, John C. Devine has prospered steadily and he is regarded as one of the most thrifty and substantial men in Fairmount township. His is a family record of unusual interest, and shows through the various generations a steady adherence to morality and integrity and much accomplishments in a material way. The home of Mr. Devine is in section seventeen of Fairmount township, his postoffice being at Jonesboro.

John C. Devine was born in Miami county, Ohio, September 2, 1864, a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Duncan) Devine. His mother was a daughter of Richard and Drucilla (Pemberton) Duncan, natives of the state of Ohio. Drucilla Duncan died in Ohio, while the husband passed away in Clay county, Indiana. Their only child was Mrs. Devine, and both parents died young. Richard Duncan was a son of Isaac Duncan, a native of Randolph county, North Carolina, who moved north to Ohio, locating on a farm on the Stillwater river in Miami county. There he lived and reared his family, and himself and his connections were of the Quaker faith.

Michael Devine, the father of John C., was a native of Ireland, and was sixteen years of age, when, with his brother, Thomas, and his sister, Mary, he came to the United States. After a short time spent with an aunt in New York City, he worked his way out to Ohio, until he arrived in Miami county. He was a stone and brick mason by trade, and through that work got his start. Some time after reaching Miami county he married and then began life as a farmer. To his marriage were born two sons and two daughters. While these children were all young their mother was accidentally burned to death while working about a maple sugar camp. She was then in the prime of life, and it was a great loss to her children that she was taken away from them just at a time when she could best serve them and rear them to useful lives. Her husband, Michael Devine, married for his second wife Mrs. Deborah Sheets, whose maiden name was Hover. Her husband died in the Civil war. Michael Devine served a short time during the Civil war, and came out of service without injury. He and his second wife moved to Arkansas, and finally located near Marshalltown, Iowa, where Mr. Devine died in October, 1893, when passed sixty years of age. There were no children by the second marriage. Of the four children bom to the first union, the following are mentioned : Rhoda J., the wife of Lansing Harrison, a farmer near Marshalltown, Iowa, and their children number

William F. Knote. Swayzee . his daughter. Mrs Eva Morrison. Green Township her son. Glen Morrison. Sims Township, ano his daughter, Wilma Morrison two. Margaret Ellen is the wife of Janies Hart, now living at Riceville, Iowa, and they have four children. The next is John C. Devine. Wil¬ liam H. Devine resides near Ida Grove in Iowa, is a farmer, and has three daughters. John C. Devine grew up in Miami county, Ohio, and after the death of his mother he went to live with Isaiah and Rachel Pemberton, relatives of his mother. He had a fair education, and early in life moved to Indiana, and became identified with Fair mount town¬ ship of Grant county. There he married Miss Laura M. Loy, who was born in Madison county, Indiana, December 20, 1866. Her early educa¬ tion was received in Grant county from the time she was ten years of age. Her parents were William and Elizabeth (Lloyd) Loy, her father a native of Henry county, and her mother of. Madison county, Indiana, their marriage being celebrated in the latter county. Both her parents are still living, and have their home in Fairmount township. Her father, William Loy, was a veteran of the Civil war, serving one year as a private in Company E of the One Hundred and Forty-Seventh Volun¬ teer Infantry, and saw much actual fighting while at the front. There were eleven children in the Loy family, three sons and eight daughters, and all are living and married except one.

Since their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Devine have worked hard and cooperated in every way to establish a home and provide for the com¬ forts of themselves and children. .They have succeeded remarkably well and now possess a beautiful place of seventy-five acres, all well improved and with excellent barns and facilities for modern farming of all kinds.

Mr. and Mrs. Devine are the parents of the following children: William M. was born April 10, 1885, was educated in the Back Creek Public Schools, and now' lives at Roy, Montana. He married Nettie Highley, and their children are Eveline L., and Mildred L., while Vera L., the oldest, died as an infant. Herbert M., the second in the family, was bom March 10, 1887, in Holt county, Nebraska, where his parents lived for two years, was educated in the Back Creek school in Grant county, Indiana, married Elva Adkinson, has one child, Ella Louise, and all the family reside at Roy, Montana. Rachael Elizabeth, who was born February 10, 1889, is the wife of Elmer Pennington^ living in Fairmount City; their children are Velma M., and Charles B. Wilson E. Devine was bom March 6, 1893, was educated in the public schools and now lives in Montana. Doris R., was bom October 15, 1899, and lives at home and attends the public school. Mr. and Mrs. Devine have always been church Workers and are members of the Back Creek Friends Meet¬ ing. Mr. Devine is in politics a Prohibitionist.

William F. Knote. A resident of Grant county for sixty-five years, Mr. Knote was about six years old when the family took up its residence in this county. He grew to manhood in this vicinity, received his educa¬ tion in one of the old log school houses, was a loyal and efficient soldier of the union during the war, and since his military career came home and made himself a successful factor in agriculture, establishing a fine farm home in Green township, and is now enjoying the fruits of a well spent career at his home in Swayzee. He still owns farm property in Grant county, and along with his business accomplishments has also done his share of public service.

William F. Knote comes from Rush county, a county which fur¬ nished so many sterling citizens to Grant county. He was bom there November 27, 1842, a son of Peter and Mary (Brooks) Knote. The father was a native of Pennsylvania, and the mother of Ohio. They were married in Franklin county, Indiana, and in 1848 settled in Grant county, where the father entered land direct from the ' government in Green township. He was one of the pioneers, and his labors served to make Green township a better place for white men to live. Both par¬ ents were active members of the Christian church, and the father was for many years an elder in his congregation, having been appointed to that office upon the organization of the church and remained an elder until his death. There were nine children in the family, and three are now living, with William F. as the oldest. George Knote is a retired farmer at Swayzee and Benjamin F. Knote is a carpenter and contractor whose home is in Kansas City, Kansas.

Soon after the family was established in Grant county William F. Knote began attending the log school house situated nearest to the family home. It was a rude structure, with its slab benches and primi¬ tive facilities for educational work. He continued to attend school, and to work on the home farm in Grant county, until he was about nineteen years old. In the meantime the great Civil war made all usual occupations and vocations seem trivial, and the flower of the young manhood in both north and south were being drawn into the army. Young Knote with equal patriotism left school, the farm and home, and on August 21, 1862, enlisted in Company H of the One Hundred and First Indiana Infantry. As a soldier in the army of the Cumberland he served until his final discharge pn June 25, 1865, after the conclu¬ sion of war. He was twice wounded, the first time at Milton, Tennessee, and later at Buzzard's Roost, in Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign. He began as corporal in his company, and six months later was made sergeant, in which capacity he served until the close of the war.

Returning to Green township he began his career as a renter, later bought land and finally became owner of two hundred and sixty acres of the fine soil of Green township. His own labors were chiefly respon¬ sible for making this a highly improved farm, and from it he provided liberally for himself and family.

In 1865, soon after returning from the army, Mr. Knote married Mary Arhart. Mrs. Knote died November 14, 1911. Eva, the oldest child of William F. and Mary Arhart Knote, was reared and educated in Grant county, and is now the wife of S. D, Morrison of Green town¬ ship. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison have two children, Glen and Lloyd : Glen married Lora Kelly and they have one child, Wilma Morrison, who is a great-granddaughter of William F. Knote.

Rena, the second child of William F. and Mary Arhart Knote, is a graduate of the common schools and is the wife of Charles Read of Upland, Indiana. They are the parents of three children, Carl, Mary and Helen.

In 1898 Mr. Knote transferred his residence to Marion, Indiana, and has since not been actively identified with farming. His home in Marion was at Gallatin and Sixteenth streets. In January, 1910, he left the county seat, and moved to Swayzee, where he built an attractive frame residence on Main street, and has a modern home in which to spend his declining years. He is a member of the Christian church, and is serving as a deacon in that denomination. Fraternally he belongs to Swayzee Lodge No. 625, I. 0. 0. F., and has taken a very active part in Grand Army circles, his present membership being with Edmund Lenox Post No. 408. He has served the post as commander for four terms, and was commander of the General Shunk Post at Marion for one term. In politics a Democrat, he gave one term of service as trustee of Green township from 1887. He has been one of the leaders in the party in this section of Grant county for a number of years.

William F. Bell. A long lifetime varied by many unusual expe¬ riences, has been that of William F. Bell, one of the most esteemed old residents of Fairmount township. Mr. Bell has lived in Grant county thirty-two years. He came to Indiana about the time of the Civil war, having lived in Henry county for sixteen years, from 1865 to 1881, and then came to Grant county. As the following article will show, he and his wife made their start in this state with practically nothing except their own energies, and with the passing of years their thrift and in¬ dustry enabled them to accumulate more than a comfortable com¬ petence, while at the same time they grew in the honor and esteem of their wide acquaintance.

William F. Bell was born in Randolph county, North Carolina, Feb¬ ruary 14, 1832. He grew up as a farmer boy, was married when a young man, and was the father of two children when the war broke out. His early training had been that of the Quaker religion. Both by religious principles and moral conviction he was opposed to the principles of the south. However, the south needed every one of its sons to fight in behalf of the Confederacy, and he had to accept one of two alternatives, either enlist as a private soldier or take employment at a soldier 's wages in the salt works in Wilmington, North Carolina. He accepted the latter as the less of two evils, and remained at the salt works for two years. When the Union army captured the works, he was then con¬ scripted into the active service of the southern army. He refused to carry arms and was swung up by his thumbs to a tree, and hung three hours before his spirit was so broken that he submitted to pick up his gun and go along in the ranks. However, he had firmly resolved that he would not serve long and would take the first opportunity to escape. Three weeks later, when the army was six miles south of Petersburg, at a place locally known as Yellow House, the opportunity came. His comrade in this adventure was Henry Stewart, a brother of Mrs. Ivy Luther of Grant county, and the incident is also related in another sketch to be found in this publication concerning the family of Ivy Luther. These two Quakers were on picket duty, and their line of guard was only a few hundred yards away from the pickets of Grant's army, which lay opposite the Confederate forces. Bell and Stewart received permission to go into the pine woods and gather some fire wood, and took this means in making their escape. Running across the ground separating the two lines of the army, they were received within the picket lines of the Union forces, and were permitted to go under guard to the Union headquarters. They were also allowed the happy privilege of obtaining all they wanted to eat from the commissary, and since rebel rations had been extremely short, they did not hesitate to feed them¬ selves liberally. They were given the privilege of going wherever they liked, and in a short time both Bell and Stewart found their way to Indiana. The day of their escape was December 11, 1864, only a few months before the close of the war, and they soon afterwards arrived at Indianapolis. From there they went to Knightstown in Henry county, and there Mr. Bell worked on a farm until the war was over, Going back to his native county in North Carolina, he rejoined his wife and three children, and then returned to Henry county, where he spent four years as a renter. At this time Mr. Bell and wife were actually poverty stricken, and it is nothing to their discredit to say that when they reached Indiana, at the close of the war, they possessed nothing except what they carried on their backs and in their hands. That early period of privation has long since been forgotten in their steady pros¬ perity, but it is worthy of record that the entire family during their fifth year in Indiana and the first year after buying their own farm expended only one dollar in actual cash, and most of that was spent for sugar. All the other sources of their scanty living were raised on the farm. To his wife Mr. Bell gives great credit for their successful escape from that early period of hardship, and by effective management they were at the end of four years able to buy some land in Henry county, and lived twelve years on their own farm. Selling out their Henry county farm they moved to Grant county in the fall of 1881, and Mr. Bell then bought eighty acres in section thirty-one of Fairmount township, where he has ever since had his home. Much of that land was still uncleared, and he employed his industry in improving it and mak¬ ing a comfortable home. From timber growing upon the farm was manufactured the timber with which Mr. Bell put up a fine home of eight rooms, and also a barn, built in the best modern style, and another feature of the place which shows the progressive methods used at the Bell homestead is a silo with eighty tons' capacity. Air. Bell for many years has been a successful grower of corn, wheat, oats, has considerable land in meadow, and his crops in quantity and quality will compare favorably with those produced anywhere in this county.

Mr. Bell was married in his native vicinity to Miss Nancy M. Fergu¬ son. She was born in Randolph county, North Carolina, April 30, 1830, and through her mother, whose maiden name was Boone, is a descendant of the famous Daniel Boone. She was a woman of unusual capability, as wrill be understood from what has been said in preceding paragraphs. During the war, while her husband was an unwilling soldier in the Confederate army, she lived with her children and managed to pro¬ vide for their wants, and on moving to Indiana at once proved a worthy helpmate in establishing a home and prosperity. She died at her home in Fairmount township, January 15, 1910, being within a month of her eightieth birthday. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Bell are : James M., who was bom March 14, 1859, in North Carolina, and all his life has lived at home and has been associated with his father. He has combined the two occupations of farming and carpenter work. Mr. James M. Bell is a well known and influential citizen in Fairmount township, for the past two years has served as treasurer of the Fairmount academy, and for three years previous to that was a member and secretary of the board of trustees of the Academy. James M. Bell married Miss Etta Harvey, who was reared and partly educated in Indianapolis. Their children are: Mildred 0., and Edna. Mildred is a graduate of the Fairmount Academy, while Edna is a member of the Fairmount eighth grade class of 1914.

Mary, the second child of Mr. and Mrs. Bell, is the wife of Alvin Free, a farmer in Liberty township. Their children are Iva J., Webster and Edison. Iva J. Free is highly educated, having taken courses in several schools and colleges, and is now a teacher at Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Sadie Ellen, the third child, is the wife of Rev. Hiram Harvey, a successful farmer of Liberty township, and for a number of years a preacher in the Friends church of that township. Rev. Harvey is now custodian of the Fairmount Academy endowment fund. Mr. and Mrs. Harvey have one son, Russel Terry, who is married and lives at home with his parents. The fourth child is Julia lone, wife of Elwood S. Townsend, a house painter and decorator of Marion. They have two daughters, Ida and Inez.

Mr. Bell and members of his family are all members of the Friends church, and in politics he supports the Prohibition cause as championed by St. John.

John W. Cox. For thirty-five years John W. Cox has prospered as a fanner and lived a resident of section thirty in Fairmount township. He owns a delightful country home, and his prosperity is nearly alto¬ gether the result of his careful planning and industrious labors, con¬ tinued through a long succession of years.