Hendricks County, Indiana - Chapter 9: Miscellaneous, 1885

Chapter 9: Miscellaneous

Educational. - Progkessin-Methodsaxd Ideas. - The Schools of Hendricks County. - Central Normal College. - Pu^^lic BoiLDiNGs. - Reform School at Plainfield. - Old Settleks' Society. - AoRicuLTrRAL Statistics.- Agricultural Societies.- Hendricks County Medical Society.

" That people which has the best books and the best schools is the best people; if it is not so to-daj, it will be so to-morrow » These words, from the pen of the French educator and itatesman ' Jules Simon, deserve to become a household quotation the world over, for no more potent nor. expressive truth was ever uttered Of course all progress and education is not derived from the studv of books, and as Ilosea Ballou hac; said, "Education commences at the mother's knee," and every word spoken within the bearinc^ of little children tends toward the formation of character; but at the sarae'time no other one agency is so powerful as the common school in developing a nation of self-governing people.

The citizens of this county feel a just pride^in their progress in educational methods, which have fully kept pace with the advance ment in wealth and the development of material resources ' As soon as the county was sufficiently setth;d to enable any neighborhood to open a school, a school-house was provided and the services of a teacher secured. Often a room of a private house was occupied" and sometimes the deserted cabin of a squatter became a temporary school-room, in whicli tlie old-time masters, who worked on the tuition plan, flourished the rod and taught the rudiments of reading, writing and arithmetic. The first school-houses built were structures of the rudest kind, such as no pioneer would be content to occupy as a dwellin r. Built of logs, with floors and benches of punclieons, witli a huge fireplace and a stick and mud chimney, they were little calculated for comfort or convenience Window-glass was too expensive an article to be used in the con' struction of a school-house, and therefore greased paper was substituted for it. The writing desk was a notable feature in every school-room. It generally extended across one end or one side of the room, and was made of a slab, held in its place by wooden pins. For architectural effect, probably, certainly not for convenience, it was fastened high up on the wall, and the pupil, in order to use it, must climb upon a high wooden bench and sit there without a support for his back or his feet.

Of the qualiiications of the teachers of those davs, the less said the better. Many were accounted good teachers who, in these days, would be nnable to secure a certificate even of the third grade. Yet the most of them put to the best use the little talent and less training they had, and succeeded in planting o-ood seeds in the minds of tlieir pupils. Some of the best minds this county has produced were those of men whose whole school education was received in the log school-houses of the pioneer days.

The progress of education here is only a miniature reproduction of what has taken place more slowly among all civilized nations. In recent years improved methods of meiitHl culture have aided the teachers in securing better results. The primary object of educating children is not that they may escape labor thereby, but that they may labor more intelligently. Children should be taught that employment leads to happiness, indolence to misery, and that all trades and professions whereby an honest livelihood is maintained are honorable. R-.ght living is the end to be achieved, and it is the workers that do die 'most good in the world. The man who constantly and intelligently ^thinks, is above temptation. The women who honorably labor in the various trades are to be preferred and honored above those who sit with folded hands. It is education that makes duty more apparent, lessens toil and sweetens life. It is by true education that the moral responsibilities of the human family are better understood.

Methods are now sought for and followed in the school-room. The child's capacity and character are better understood now than in the pioneer days. The red is laid aside, ajul children are no longer forced under the lash to order and apparent studiousness. Fretful and cruel teachers are giving way to those who love children, and again will mfnkiud draw nearer to the millenniurL through the influence of t.ie law of love. In this age better attention is paid to hygieno and ventilation in the school-room. Houses are lighted, airet' and warmed in a rational manner. Since the introduction of the "automatic " school desks tiiere need

In' H r. Jr^^'-^^^-'i -^ t''« blessings of the countless thousand J healthy men and women who, in this generation, as chddren, are comfortably seated in many of our best schools _ New and better studies have been added to the course of'studv in our common schools within the last decade. Now, the child IS taught to apply what he learns, directing his course of study in the line of us mental activity, cultivating the good, and resh-aiuing the evil propensities. Tlie time was, not far back, when only a hmited knowledge of '"reading, 'riting and 'rithmetic," could be acquired m the common schools. The highest aim of the youth^ot the pioneer days was to write a fair hand, spel oia ly, and solve mathematical puzzles. This age is movinc. in a better educational sphere. The change was of course gradual It was a long struggle of ignorance and bigotry against education' in which the latter has been crowned the victor, lut few teac ler^ chng to the old theory. Little by little they are growin. aw" from the old system. A few tea<.hers, who do not^impro^ve are yet voanes at the shrine of their ido!s-the birch, the dunce-can and otlier old fashioned methods. But, "uncecap npp.anted by facts and principles which have cost years of toil to discover, and more years to establish. To the close student' and observer tins theory is now only in its application to our schools. It is the normal or natural method. This is the theory ot education that antedates all others. The ancients tauHit by objects when but few of the ,nost wealthy men of that daj" coulJ afiord books. _ In fact, text-book knowledge is a new thing to the world. The nrst teachers gave instruction orally. They were, by the force of c.rcumstances, independent of text-books To this excellent plan has been added th3 written method. Then it was principally by observation that mpils received instruction By placing the objects before the puj.ils tiie teacher could easily 'reach heir m.nds by his lectures. In this age blackboards, spellingtablets, slates, cliarts and other school apparatus is in general u°e in our best schools. In the schools of to-day, it is through the eye that a mental picture is for tried from the printed page which children draw upon paper or boards from the ends of their fingers. Well qualified teachers do not think of depending upon text-books at their recitations, but rather imitate the ancient normal methods. In order to meet the demand for better qualified teacliers, normal training schools have been established in this and other States. The teachers', institute is also an outgrowth of the demand for teachers of a higher standard. Now, true education is admitted to be the drawing-out and developicg of that which the child already possesses, instead of the old crowding theory of pioneer days.

There is perhaps no question which can so deeply interest the people of a county as that of obtaining teachers of known and tried ability. In the period of tlie early settlement of this county almost any one could teach. That time, with all of its rude school appliances, has rolled a'::-ray. The claims of to- t. can no longer be met by appliances of even a decade ago, for experience is beginning to show tliat teaching, like every other department of human thought and activity, must change with the onward movements of society, or fall in the rear of civilization and become an obstacle to impro-rement. The educational problem of to-day is to obtain usefal knowledge - to secure the practical part of education before the ornamental, and that in the shortest time. An intellectual life of the highest culture is what is called for in a free conntry like ours. An intelligent man is better qualified for any of the duties of life than an uneducated person. This is an admittea fact. In truth, a free nation's safety is wrapped in tlie intelligence of its citizens. Only an educated people can long sustain a free republic ; therefore it is the duty of the State to educate that her free institutions may stand through all ages as sacred and endeared monuments of the enlightened people.

Education sweetens and hedges in the family circle and drives away frivolity and gossip from a community, protecting the members from the inroads of vice a'ld immorality'. It is the strong bulwark of educatioi' that binds the nation of 56,000,000 people together for advancement that she may shine in the near future the brightest star in the constellation of governments. Rapid strides have been made in education within the last half century, but the field of improvement is yet boundless, and the

"The sacred seer witli scientific truth In Grecian temples taught the attentive youth ^ With ceisless change, how restless atoms pass From life to life, a transmigrating mass,"

If the different conditions of society in different countries, and the different parts of. the same country, and of different individuals in the same community are the result of chance, then the study of history can do no good r,nd can only have for its object the mere gratification of idle curiosity.

But if these are not the resuk of chance, tlien the events and facts of history, whether they ccmcern individuals, communities or nations, must be the consequence of antecedent causes and are the developments of time, depending upon a fixed law.

This being true, we are able, tlirough a knowledge of tlie past, to provide,- in a degree, for the contingencies of the future. Therefore a clear insight into th3 past is the b'est view we can get of the future.

The early pioneers of Hendricks County laid wisely and well the foundation upon which faturo society was to bo builded. They fully realized that in such a country as this their scattered numbers would by natural growt i and immigration soon become a teeming population, and that by ":heir strong arms and strong/aith in the future, this howling wilderness would ere long bo changed into a fruitful field of harvest, and that their struggles with'nature's obstacles^ for the benefit of posterity would bring to their children wealth and leisure, which must cause tliem to forsake the simple lives and frugal habits of their fathers and mothers, and live far different lives, and eng.ige in very different pursuits and avocations, in which without education and moral training they could never be successful. They also believed and acted upon the

Of the early schools and school-houses many interestino- reminiscences are told. Beech was the educational timber of the timesout'; of tlie trunks were built the school-houses, ar.d limbs in the hands of the teachers furnished the unanswerable argument in most cases of discipline, and served to brighten the ideas and quicken the thoughts of dull pupils of both sexes. The housos were the log cabins, sometimes without floors ; a huge fire-piaoc in one end jf the house in which was kept a burning log herp supplied the heat. The windows were made by sawing out a Icr from one side of the house and placing in the openi[ig a ruce - sash ; oiled paper was used in the windows as a substitute k'V glass. The writing desks were made of slabs and laid upon pii 3 driven in the walls of the hut. The seats were made of puncheon, backks=, with legs so long tliat a child's feet were never permitted to touch the floor. The teacher's emblem of wrath, when not in use, lay upon two pins in the wall near the teacdier's chair. The teacher was usually master of the situation in everjthinj except the subjects which he was required to teach, and many ,1 venturesome youth came to grief for reaching a little bevond th ) teacher's ken in the scholastic field.

In the summer of 1S3.3. less than three years from the time thifirst ripe ear of corn was gathered by civilized hand in Hendrick:; County, two schoohhouses had been built, one of them in Liberty Township, half a mile south of Cartersburg, and the other, or. Thomas Loekhart's land in Guilford Township, and William Hinton (t!ie writer's uncle) and Abijah Pinson were engaged, in the work to whicli Hendricks County owes her greatness. In this way. in every neighborhood, the earliest settlers made the best possible provisiqn for the education of their children, and every winter in the rude log cabin, with its greased paper windows, its dirt or split puncheon floor, its rough hewn benches, and its huge logheap fire, the pioneer teacher had his flock of eager learners around him.

And, looking back from this period to that time it seems, from what we know they accomplished, 'that greater eflTurts very nearly made up for their want of educational facilities.

A day's work in scliool tlien was not five hours, but from sun-np till sun-down. Right or wrong, it is impossible to make an old man see that greater progress was not made bj pupils under tliis old regime than at present.

From that day until this, with the development of the country, the moral and educational interests have moved onward, until today it may be said that our school system is the greatest success of any public enterprise.

Tlie schools ran along on^about the same pod-auger style which prevailed from the beginning until about 1S70, wlien there was an awakening and a looking up which burst into a blaze of enthusiasm in '73, when the county snperintendenc}' was instituted. At that time imperfect classification was all the organization which it was thought possible to accomplish in the district schools. But aboutybiw of our teachers had ever received normal training, and these but a term or two. Gradation and a course of study had not been dreamed about. These two things and normal-trained teachers and their selection by the officials and not by the rabble were the four beacon lights which our most efficient County Superintendent, J. A. C. Dobson, believed in and worked for during his ten years of service, and I feel that I may say he has been justified by his faith througli his works.

Graduation from the common-school course has been so much encouraged and materially increased by the skillful manipulation of A. E. Rogers, the present Superintendent, that last year there were seventy graduates.

Of these buildings fifcy-four are brick and the others are frame; some of them are elegant buildings; all can be made comfortable in any kind of weather. The number of sittings are sufficient for the accommodation of everj' child in the county at one time. In the fifty-four brick houses are eighty-nine rooms, accommodating 4,000 of 7,082 children of the county.

In addition to the facilities for iustructiou in tlie public schools we have located at Danville the Central Normal College and Commercial Institute, which was orijanized September, 1876, with only fortv-eight students in attendance. Of these, thirty had been students under the same teachers in other institutions. From the first, the school has steadily improved in numbers and increased its facilities, until it is now one of the popular schools of the country.

We have, also, Central Academy, located at Plainfield, an institution of great promise, which furnishes such literary instruction as is generally given in High Schools of our cities, joined, however, with a larger amount of Chri.-^tian teaching than is common in such schools.

"What of all this 3 Much every way. When I try to think back through the sixty-two yeai-s of Hendricks County's school history, review.my own brief experience, the trials, failures and successes, memory becomes crowded with incidents that tell of mutations, progress, development. We see our county rising from infancy to manhood. Our fatiiers looked forward to a grand culmination of all the appliances embraced in their wise system. The log cabin has passed away, and the frame or brick building has taken its

The old, rickety and rough bench, without a back, has given place to the elegant desk and settee. Instead of the untidy schoolroom, with its puncheon floor and miserable furnishings, we now have the tasteful edifice, supplied with all the educational appliances that utility and educational economy can furnish. Old things have passed away, and all things have become new. The county is rising in strength and power, nd will make no backward move. Her rich soil, her wealth, her railways, her newspapers, her central commercial position in the industries and e.xchange of the State, her industry and prosperity, all tell what her future must be. May her sous and daughters be worthy of their sires. If so

Men and nations are as they are tautrht. As a people elevate and sustain their educators, so will their educators be found, in turn, the great instrumentality which brings them intelligence, freedom, prosperity and peace, and in the end true honor and glory.

The Central Normal College

located at Danville, is not only the pride of Hendriclcs County but in the front rank of the leading educational institutions of the State. This school was organized by Professors Darst and Harper, at Ladoga, Montgomery County, in the autumn of 1S'?6, with fortyeight pnpils in attendance. The outlook was not such as to inspire con/idence and a hope of permanent success at this time, but the founders, being ycung men of energy and ability, began to push the work with such vigor that the community was forced to acknowledge the power which was rising in their midst. One by one tho lovers of learning turned from their various employments to find a home witliin the coilecre walls.

At the close of the first year twelve persons, having completed the course prescribed by the institution, received the degree of B. S. Several of these graduates have become distinguished as educators in this and other States. One of the number, Miss A. Kate Huron, has since been a m.ember of the faculty, and has not only added much to the success and prosperity of the school, but has enrolled her name among those of the most prominent teachers of the State. JS"ear the close of the year, Prof. Darst having resigned, Prof. Harper called to his aid the genial and scholarly Frank P. Adams, of Kentucky, afterward the loved and honored President of the institution.

The second year opened up with an increased attendance, and everything bid fair for a most prosperous year. So rapid was the growth during tlie second and third terms that it became evident that unless the accommodations were increased it would be impossible to fulfill the promises made in the circulars and catalogues, and the development of the sclnoWiiust be checked in its very infancy.

Realizing the condition of affairs toward which they were drifting the faculty and citizens went to work with a will to raise a sufficient amount by voluntary contribution to erect an addition to the building tlien occupied b}' the school. Tlie people of the town and surrounding country were generally interested in the enterprise and many donated liberally, but some, tliinking, no doubt, that they could enjoy the benefits witliout bearing the burdens, withheld their means, and the result was that on the 10th of May, 1S78, the institution with 175 students, library and apparatus, was removed to tnore commodious quarters in the pleasant little city of Danville. The citizens threw open their homes to the students and did all in their power to aid and encourage the faculty, yet the work was arduous and it was witli great difficulty that the school was enabled to move on without a break in its work.

Soon after the removal, and just as the institution was beginning to take root in its ne'v field, Prof. Harper was succeeded in the presidency by Prof. F. P. Adams. The new president had already ingratiated himself into the hearts of his associates, and had won the confidence and esteem of both students and citizens; consequently they n-ere ready and willirg to assist him in the great work which he had so reluctantly undertaken. But witli all this it was an Herculean task to bring harmony out of chaos, and to reinstate a structure which seemed tottering in its foundation.

Prof. Adams entered upon his duties fully realizing the difficulties which stood in the way of success, but throwing his whole life and soul into the enterprise he was not only enabled to meet the demands made upon him, but to purchase the Danville Seminary building constructed a few years before by the Methodist Episcopal church at a cost of 830,000. The use of the building had been furnished the school free of charge, but the transfer of ownership enabled the president to make many needed improvements. Once more the bow of promise shed its benign raj-s upon the institution. But clouds were gathering in the distance and before the year had closed Prof. M. T. Travers, a young man of ability and fine social qualities, was compelled by failing health to relinquish his position, never again to be permitted to resume the work which he had so well begun. In him the school lost a true friend and a faithful, earnest worker.

Tlie commencement exercises were unusually interesting and the graduates young ladies and gent^Bmen of refinement and ability. The first classic class, consisting of three members, viz., S. M. Cutler, "W. T. Eddingfield and S. E. Thomas, received the honors of the institution with the degree of A. B.

without interruption until spring. Students came pouring in from every direction. The president saw that liis teaching force must be increased and immediately called to his aid three men of wide reputation and acknowledged ability, viz.: Dr. Joseph Tingley, for twenty years a teacher in Asbury (now De Pauw) University; Prof. Alex. C. Hopkins, formerly State Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Prof. John A. Steele, for many years a teacher in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio. The school now seemed to take on new life, and few institutions of learning have marched to tlie front with more rapid strides or maintained their positions witii a more determined purpose than did the Central Normal College under so able a corps of instructors.

The two years following were eventful only in that they sent from the door of the college liundreds of young men and women with higher ideas of life than liad ever occupied their minds before.

During all this time Prof. Adams had worked with untirinjr zeal to strengtlieu and build up the various departments of the school. But disease had begun its work and was fast staying the hand which had labored with sucli unselfish devotion for the cause of education. On the 25th of November, 1SS2, at the early age of thirty years, he closed tiie book of life, and was laid to rest in the east cemetery near where his noblest work was done. A beautiful monument marks the place of his silent abode but a more enduring one is reared in the memory of those wlio mourn his untimely death. No one presumed to take his place, but acting in accordance with the unanimous wish of the faculty, his bereaved companion took upon herself the name which he had worn.

The new president was not ignorant concerning the affairs of the school, and having at her side Prof. Steele, who had previously been appointed Yice-President, she performed her duty with credit to herself and satisfaction to those under her employ. The major part of the work, it is true, was intrusted to Prof Steele, a man of rare ability both as a teacher and a business manager. He being well acquainted with the plans of the late president, succeeded in carrying them out so perfectly thattliere was neither jar nor discord.

Two more years of valuabi ) work were given to the public. The school building was improved and its capacity increased by fitting up some of the rooms which had not been in use, and partitioning others. The president erected for herself a beautiful and commodious dwelling just opposite the college; also a large dormitory for rooming and boarding students. Many new and valuable books were added to the library, and such apparatus as was needed from time to time. Xotwithstandingall these expenditures and many others, the resources were ample to meet them, and the credit of the institution was never shaken, even for a moment. But this high degree of prosperity was not reached without effort. Everybody connected With the school worked faithfully for the advancement of its interests. Especially was this true of Frof. Steele who, not being disposed to shirk responsibility, confined liimself too closely to his desk and thus laid the foundation of the disease which was soon to step between him and his most cherished profession. His friends admonished him to desist tVom his work, and, if possible, regain his failing health. But he was so deeply impressed with the grandeur and magnitude of the work in which he was eugao-ed that selfish thoughts had little power to turn him from his course. It was late in the autumn when he reluctantly consented to leave Danville for a time, in order t at he might enjoy the advantages of a more genial clime. Having solected Jacksonville, Fla.,he remained at that place for a few wee . 1 n finding the atmosphere too humid for pulmonary diseases, 'le repaired to Thomasville, Ga. Here he remained with liis brother until the opening of spring. As soon as the weather would permit, he turned his f\ice homeward, fully realizing that his days on earth were few. On the 27th day of March he a rived at Danville, greatly emaciated, and in feeble health, but his joy at being onc3 more in the midst of interested and loving friends knew no bounds.

During his absence, the wants cf the school were not neglected. Every teacher was at his post wo-king earnestly for the advancement of his classes. The students were considerate and kind, and the utmost harmony prevailed. On Tuesday morning, May 5, while the school was assembled in the chapel to attend their accustomed exercises, and while the music of an hundred voices wafted on the balmy breath of spring, was floating in at the open door of his chamber, Prof. Steele sle t the sleep of death.

His near rela ves and friends sccoinpanied by two members of the faculty, bore his lifeless body lo the old cemetery near Coalton, Ohio, and with many tears and i;.any flowers they laid it tenderly away beside the sacr dust of he- who gave her life for his.

It seems but little less tlian irarvelous that any institution of learning, indepeudentof endowment of any kind, and unsupported by the State, could not only sup])ort itself, but could even grow and prosper under sucli calamities. Nevertheless it is true that the present year (1885), has brought the largest returns of any in the history to the school, and at no time has there been more universal satisfaction on the part of those in attendance.

Free from debt or incumbrance of any kind, supported by thousands of enterprising young ladies and gentlemiii througliout this and other States, lionored and respected at home and abroad, free from sectarianism and bigotry of every kind, located in one of the most charming, moral and healthful towns in the State, supplied with an excellent library and apparatus, and above and beyond all a. faculty of enterprising, progressive and efficient teachers, the Central Normal College stands a living monument of those who have given the best efforts of their lives. for its advancement, and a true exponent of independent thought, personal responsibility and Christian civilization.

Franklin Pierce Adams, President of the Central Normal College. - Born, lived, died - the common biography of the millions. Tiiese three chapters of common history have borrowed lustre from the personality of him who moved among us, with high aims, to such a noble end. He was first cradled in his mother's arms Nov. 16, 1852. She, one of nature's true gentlewomen, stamped upon this coin the name which gave it commercial value - Frank. Had she left him unnamed until an appellation must be carved upon his tombstone she could not have chosen another more descriptive of his character.

Plis life until fourteen differed little from that of other farmer boys, marked only by an earnest desire to secure an education. He went to Lebanon - that place of blessed memory to so many men and women of our time?. He was taken sick before long, when he came to Danville to claim the hospitality of his uncle, G. "W. "Wayland. When his health was restored sufficiently he placed himself under the tnition of Prof Gilmore, then principal of the Danville Academy. Soon he was called home to the death-bed of his sister. This was the fall of 1867. He then went to Hamilton County, Ohio, where he taught his first school. He returned to Lebanon where he pursued his studies until 1871 when he graduated in the scientific course. While he was yet upon the rostrum from which his oration had been delivered, Mrs. Roberts secured him to work with her in the l^ormal School at Catlettsberg, Ky. He stayed with her until her marriage, when he succeeded her in the management of the school. His connection with this institu- tion lasted three years, at the expiration of wliich time he engaged to teach with Prof. H. N. Carver, of Medina, Ohio, while he pursued his classical studies. Having worked on an average of seventeen hours a day in class and study, he completed his course in 1875.

Ai'ter graduation he returned to Kentucky and found employment as principal of a graded school in Independence, tlie capital of his native county. Here he remained two years, assisted during the first by Miss Ora Wilson, who, the 17th of December, in the second year, became his wife.

That teaching sliould be his life-work was now an established fact, and he was seeking a place of more extended usefulness when his uncle, G. "W. Wayland, proposed that he should correspond with Prof W. F. Harper, of Ladoga, who was then in need of a good man. Few letters were exclumged until Prof Harper enthusiastically informed us, - " I have the man. You will all like him. He is Frank P. Adams, of Kentucky. He will be with us for short session."

Saturday evening, June 30, 1S77, a crowd, which a heavy summer shower could not disperse, was collectedoii the college campus. The people had come to follow the band to meet the Eastern train which boi-e to them the now professor. Everybody was interested. The students had planned this reception, but teachers and hundreds of the good citizens mingled in the concourse and formed the procession to the depot and thence to the Baptist church, where was met the new man whose life was then consecrated to the service of t!ic institution.

Thus he was welcomed to the school in the beginning of its existence. In reply to the welcom.e tendered him, he said : ''My happiness is more than I can bear. I iiave been trying to think what I ever did to tall forth such a demonstration as you have accorded me. A sense of my own weakness is the most distinct impression of my mind. But as I thank you for this reception, I also promise you ray be^t efforts, my heartiest endeavors, the most determined energy of my life." How well this pledge was kept throughout the eventful years, let the fraternal feelings of liis associate teachers and the hearts cf his loving students testify. His familiar mingling with them strengthened the bond of friendship which had been sealed with the first warm grasp of his hand.

Histoet Of Hendkicks Countt

vex student life, with advice whenever told of the plans more hopeful ones had fixed for their future. All those qualities which endeared him to his friends welded him, with chains hard to be severed, to his immediate kindred, and above all to those of his little household. Frank in his social intercourse; fair in his business transactions, and just; faithful in the discharcre of his duties, - this is the character - a tnemorj sweet to his brothers and sisters, - the heritage, lie leaves this prosperous institution, - the gem that in womanhood little Efhe will prize more than accamulated wealth, i\ talisman that will make warm hearts warmer toward the livingwife.

The jail ana sherifi's residence is also a building worthy of the county and its inhabitants. In its construction the comfort and health of those wlio were to be confined there were considered, and tlie best arrangement consistent with the safety of the prison ers was made for both. All prison reformers who have inspected this jail are constrained to compliment the humanity of its designs. The cost of this building was about $30,000.

The county asylum is situated on a farm of eighty acres, one mile east of Danville. It is also a large and substantially built edifice, of sufiicient size to accommodate all the destitute poor of the county with a home, which in its beauty of location and attractive improvements and surroundings and substantial comforts is certainly sutSeient to mitigate in a very great degree the bitter lot of those wlio are obliged, on account of the misfortunes that have gathered around them, to seek an asylum beneath'its hospitable roof. This building and the farm upon which it is situated cost the county over §iO,000, and is an enduring monument to the benevolence of the people who prompted its erection and willingly met the cost.

Indiana Eefoeii School Foe Boys

The law providing for the establishment of this important institution was approved March S, 1S67, and, soon after, the present site was selected, than which a more beautiful and appropriate one could scarcely be found. Situated on a beautiful upland nearly a mile southwest of the village of Flainfield, and fourteen miles west of the State capital, on probably tlie best watered tract of land in the State, amidst a quiet, orderly, intelligent community, the school eni'oys many privileges denied other public institutions.

Work on the first buildings was at once commenced, and Frank BAinsworth was regularly installed as Superintendent Oct. 31, 1867. On the 1st of January, 1S6S, they were ready to admit inmates, but the first boy was not admitted till Jan. 26. He was from Hendricks County.

Mr. Ainsworth reraaiued in charge of the institution more than eight ^years, and was succeeded April 5, 1S76, by James O'Brien. He was followed, April, ISSO, by Tiiomas J. Charlton, under whose efficient and prudent management the school has continued to steadily improve. The present officers are as follows: Board of Control, L. A. Baruett, Danville, President; Lewis Jordan, Indianapolis, and H. N. Helms, Carlisle; Superintendent, T. J. Charlton; Matron, Mrs. Alice R. Charlton; Chaplain, John G. Blake, Indianapolis; Physician, Amos Carter, Plainfield; Consulting Physician, T. E. Evans, Plainfield.

The eighteenth annual report for the year ending Oct. 31, 1884, shows the total number admitted since the opening of the school to be 2,057; number received during the year, 395; number of inmates at close of year, 437; released on '-ticket of leave," 182; "ticket of leave" boys returned, forty-four; homes procured for boys, thirty-eight.

This is not a prison but a charitable institution - a reform school, in the full sense of the word, for those whose home influences have been unfortunate, and who are in danger of becoming hardened criminals. Every boy is in school one-half of each day, except during tlie warm summer months, when only the primary grades are in session. The farm consists of 225 acres, but so much of it is waste land along the creek and taken up by buildings and play grounds, that only 145 acres are used for cultivation and pasture. The inmates are divided into twelve families, of about thirty-five boys each. A family is in charge of au officer called "housefather," who is responsible for the discipline and condition of his family.

The present number of boys fi'om Hendricks County is thirty. The institution contains three distinct departments - the schools,, the manual labor department and the family instruction. The schools are conducted on tlie halt-day system, the boys who work in the forenoon attending school in the afternoon, and those who attend school in the forenoon engaging in some kind of labor during the allernoon. All schools are graded like public schools.

fact. Nearly 1,503 bojs have passed through the institution and are now out in the world. Over ninety per cent, out of that number are leading honest and honorable lives.

was organized in 1S72 at Green Yalley Farm, with William D. Truster as President and AI. G. Parker, Secretary. Ten annual re-unions have been lield, on the tiiird Saturday in June. 'No attempts have yet been made to collect early history, and the meetings are entirely social in character. Speeches and addresses are made by pioneers, and orations have been made by Gov. O. P. Morton and ex-Senator Joseph E. McDonald. Marion and Putnam counties are frequently represented at these gatlierings, which sometimes include 8,000 to 10,000 people. The last meeting at Danville was in 1SS3; it was thinly attend3d on account of rainy weather. In 1SS4 tlie society was re-organized at Green Yalley Farm, ten miles south of Danville, and there the re-union of ISSo was held in August.

Bees and Honey. - in 1883 the stands of bees reported were 718 in number as compared with 499 in 1882. The product of honey was 4,777 and 7,875 pounds in the respective years.

was organized in 1852, and bought grounds three acres in extent, a mile west of Danville, lor fair purposes. Many changes were made, and additions to the grounds were purchased from time to time. Fairs were held annually until 1881, wlicu the society having previously become involved in debt, it was totally unable to pay its premiums, and the property was sold. The grounds are now owned by the noted horseman, B. T. Buford.

The Plainfield Hokticultural Society

was organized a number of years ago, and has held a number of exhibitions. After the death of the county society, new life was attempted to be given this Plainlield organization by naming it the

A fair was held at Plain aeld in the fall of 1884, which was financially not successful. Daniel Cox is President of the longnamed organization.

tution, By-Laws and Code c^ Ethics, at its organization, further comment will be unnecessary. The medical gentlemen whose names are appended to this Constitution met in Danville, on the 29tli day of April, ]S54, and organized the Hendricks County Medical Society, by electing the following officers:

Preamble

"We, the undersigned practitioners of medicine and surgery in the county of Hendricks, and vicinity, for the purpose of promoting harmony and good fellowship, and of elevating the cause of medical and the collateral sciences, associate ourselves under the following

Constitution

"Art. 2. The officers of this society shall consist of a President Vice-President, Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer and three Censors, all of whom shall be elected by ballot, annually, and each officer shall serve until his successor is duly installed into office.

"Art. 3. Any regular and reputable practitioner of medicine may become a member of this society, by signing this Constitution, paying into the treasury wo dollars, and complying witli such other regulations as may be liereafter provided by law.

"Art. 4. Any distinguished literary gentleman may become an honorary member of this society, by a vote of two-thirds of the members present at any regular meeting; provided that mtice co that effect had been given at any j^revious meeting of tlie society.

"Art. 5. The society shall have power to form a library and a cabinet of specimens, in the various departments of natural science, and pathological specimens and illustrations, both from the donations of individuals and other societies, and bv levvinotaxes and fines, agreeable to the regulations which may be hereafter provided by law.

'-Art. 6. This society may opej a correspondence with similar associations in this State and suc'i others as it may from time to time direct.

Histokt Of Hendeicks Co0Nty

"Akt. 8. The society may admit honorary members upon compliance of tlie applicant with the same forms as are prescribed for the admission of bona fide members, except that no initiatory fee shall be required. He shall not be permitted to vote, nor shall he participate in any of the proceedings, except by express permission of the society. ' - .i ' ''

"Art. 9. One-third of all the members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; but on all subjects involving the rights, interests or standing of any member, a majority of all the members siiall be present.

'"Aet. 10. This Constitution may be amended at any stated meeting of the society, by a vote of two-thirds of the members present; 'provided^ the amendment has been proposed, in writing, at a previous meeting. Henry G. Todd, Eisdon C.Moore, D. J. Depew, Henrt H. Moobe,

" The President shall preside at all meetings of the society, preserve order, and see that its deliberations are conducted accordino- to the rules and regulations governing deliberative bodies, except so far as they may be otherwise provided for in the Constitution and By-Laws. He shall have power to call special meetino'S of the society at his discretion, or upon the written request of three members. He shali sign certificates of membershio and those of discharge; also, the warrants authorized to be drawn upon the Treasurer; all the official instruments and proceedings of the society. He shall doSiver an inaugural address o^ enterino' upon the duties of his office, and a valedictory at the expiration of the same, and shall perform such other duties as are prescribed in the Constitution and By-Laws of the society.

" The Yice-President shall, in the absence of the President, perform the ordinary duties assigned to that office, and shall deliver a written address the second meeting after his election.

" The Recording Secretary shall keep a fair and legible record of the proceedings of the society; a list of the members' names, with a specification of such as fail to pay their taxes and fines; preserve all papers belonging to the society, subject at all times to the inspection of the members, and perform all other duties belonging to the office.

"The Corresponding Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the society under its direction, and make a report of such matters as he may deem proper.

"The Treasurer shall collect all dues of the society, and pay upon presentation the orders regularly drawn on him by the President and Secretary. He shall keep a full account of all moneys received and disbursed, and make satisfactory reports thereof at least annually, and oftener if requested by tlie society. Upon the expiration of his term of office, he shall exhibit to the parties appointed to receive them, an account of the receipts and disbursements of his term, accompanied by vouchers when practicable, and hand over to his successor in ofiice all moneys, books, papers, or other property held and received by virtue of his office. He shall provide a suitable place for the society to hold its sessions, and fuel, light, stationery and other necessary conveniences therein.

"The Censors shall examine applicants for membership, and if, in their opinion, such applicants are worthy to be admitted, they shall report accordingly. jSTo person shall be admitted to an examination until he produces satisfactory evidence to the Censors that he sustains a good moral character, and has studied medicine and surgery with some regularly authorized practitioner at least three years previous to his application, unless he be a graduate of some college or university.

" It shall be the dutj of the Secretary to give notice in the county paper of the time and place of holding each meeting at least two consecutive weeks next preceding the time of holding such meeting, together with the names of those persons from whom addresses or dissertations may be expected."

"Every member of this society shall pay an annual tax of at least one Jollar; and any member who shall neglect to pay the same, or any fine that may be levied agreeable to the provisions of this act, three months after having been notified by the Secretary or Treasurer of such delinquency, shall forfeit his member ship nor shall he enjoy any immunities belonging to the society, nntil all arrearages be paid. -

" The regular meetings of the society shall be held on the Third Ttiesday of the months of January, April, July and Octobsr, unless otherwise ordered at a previous meeting of the sociecy, tlie April meeting being the annual meeting.

"The President shall appoint at every meeting at least one pers^m to write and deliver, a dissertation at the next meeting, and no person shall be required to write such dissertation unless he ^e notified of his appointment by the Secretary two months previo-ts to the time at which it is to be delivered, and shall accept such appointment.

" At any regular meeting of this society every member sha'l liave the privilege of reportine such cases (that have come under Lis own observation) as he may deem important.

"It shall be the duty of each member of this society to keep a faithful record of each important case of disease which he treats, noting tlie age, sex and condition of the patient; the cause, when obvious; the type, symptoms, treatment, duration and termination of the disease; and, when practicable, tlie^os^j^o^'feffi appearances. The material facts of wliieh record he shall embody in an intelligible form, and present it to the society' at the first stated meeting in each year. ,

" All addresses, dissertations, or reports, delivered or read before the society, shall be written in a neat, legible hand, on good paper, and shall be the property of the society, to dispose of as it may think proper.

"The regular set addresses before the society shall be public, aad when the subject admits, before a mixed audience, and shall be delivered in the forenoon session.

"Any member may invite such persons to attend the sessions and deliberations of the society as he may think proper, except iu cases of private business, when none but members shall be present, except to give evidence.

" It shall be the duty of each member of tliis society, upon removing beyond its bounds, to make the fact known to the society, and such persons shall thereafter be considered honorary members.

" It shall be the duty of each committee to examine, thoroughly, the particular subject given it in ^charge, and no report shall be received until it has beeu read and approved by a majority of such committee.

"These By-Laws may be altered or amended, Jat any regular meeting of the society, by a vote of two-thirdsj of the members present; such proposed alteration or amendment always to be presented in writing."

"Section 1. - A physician should not only be ever ready to obey the calls of the sick, but his mind ought also to be imbued with the greatness of his mission, and the responsibility he habitually incurs in its discharge. Those obligations are the more deep and en-during, because there is no tribunal other than his own conscience to adjudge penalties for carelessness or neglect. Physicians should, therefore, minister to the sick with due impressions of the importance of their office; reflecting that the ease, the health and the lives of those committed to their charge depend on their skill, attention and fidelity. They should study, also, in their deportment, so to unite, tenderness with firmness, and coiidescension with authority, as to inspire therninds of their patients with gratitude, respect and confidence.

"Sec. 2. - Every case committed to the charge of a physician should be treated with attention, steadiness, and humanity. Keasonable indulgence should be granted to the mental imbecility and caprice of the sick. Secrecy and delicacy, when required by peculiar circumstances, should be sti-ictly observed, and the familiar and confidential intercourse- to which physicians are admitted in their professional visits should be used with discretion and with the most scrupulous regard to fidelity and honor. The obligation of secrecy extends beyond the period of professional services; none of the privacies of personal and domestic life, no infirmity of disposition, or flaw of character observed during professional attendance should ever be divulged by him except when he is imperatively required to do so. The force and necessity of this obligation are indeed so great that professional men have, under certain circumstances, been protected in their observance of secrecy by Courts of Justice.

" Seo. 3. - Frequent visits to the sick are, in general, requisite, since they enable the physician to arrive at a more perfect knowledge of the disease, to meet promptly every change which may occur, and also tend to preserve the confidence of the patient. But unnecessary visits are to be avoided, as they give useless anxiety to the patient, tend to diminish the authority of the physician, and render him liable to be suspected of interested motives.

"Sec. 4r. - A physician should not be forward to make gloomy prognostications, because they savor of empiricism, by magnifying the importance of his services in the treatment or cure of the disease. But he should not fail, on proper occasions, to give to the friends of the patient timely notice of danger, when it really occurs; and even to the patient himself, if absolutely necessary. This office, however, is so peculiarly alarming when executed by him, that it ought to be declined whenever it can be assigned to any other person of sufficient judgment and delicacy. For, the physician should be the minister of hope and comfort to the sick; that, by such cordials to the drC'Oping spirit, ho may smooth the bed of death, revive expiring life, and counteract the depressing influence of those maladies which often disturb the tranquillity of the most resigned, iu their last moments. The life of a sick person can be shortened not only by the acts, but also by the words or the manner of a physician. It is, therefore, a sacred duty to guard himself carefully 'n this respect, and to avoid all things which have a tendency to discourage the patient and to depress his spirits.

" Sec. 5. - A physician ought not to abandon a patient because the case is deemed incurable; for his attendance may continue to be highly useful to the patient, and comforting to the relatives around him, even in the last pe iod of a fatal malady, by alleviating pain and other symptoms, f.tid by-soothing mental anguish. To decline attendance under such circumstances would be sacrificing to fanciful delicacy and miftaken liberality that moral duty, which is independent of, and far superior to, all pecuniary coneideration.

" Sec. 6. - Consultation should be promoted in difficult or protracted cases, as they give rise to confidence, energy, and more enlarged views in practice.

" Sec. 7. - The opportunity which a physician not infrequently enjoys, of promoting and strengthening the good resolutions of his patients, sufiering under the consequences of vicious conduct, ought never to be neglected. His counsel.s, or even remonstrances, will give satisfaction, not offense, if they be proffered with politeness, and evince a genuine love of virtue, accompanied by a sin-

" Sectiox 1. - The members of the medical profession, upon wh,uin are enjoined the performance of so many important and arduous duties toward the community, and who are required to make so many sacrifices of comfort, ease and health, for the welfare of those who avail themselves of their services, certainly have a right to expect and require that their patients should entertain a just sense of the duties which they owe to their medical attendants.

" Sec. 2. - -The first dutj' of a patient is, to select as his medical adviser one who has received a regular professional education. In no trade or occupation do mankind rely on the skill of an untaught artist; and in medicine, professedly the most difficult and and intricate of the sciences, the world ought not to suppose that knowledge is intuitive.

" Sec. 3. - Patients should prefer a physician whose habits of life are regular, and who is not devoted to company, pleasure, or to any pursuit incotnpatible with his professional obligations. A patient should, also, confide the care of himself and fj^mily, as much as possible to one physician; for the medical man who has become acquainted with the peculiarities of constitution, habits and pre-dispositions of those he attends is more likely to be successful in his treatment than one who does not possess that knowledge. A patient who has thus selected his physician should always apply for advice in what may appear, to him trivial cases, for the most fatal results often supervene on the slightest accidents. It is of still more importance that he should apply for assistance in the forming stage of violent diseases; it is to a neglect of this precept that medicine owes much of the uncertainty and imperfection with which it has been reproached.

" Sec. J:. - Patients should faithfully and unreservedly communicate to their physician the supposed cause of their disease. This is the more important, as many diseases of a mental origin stimulate those depending oa external causes, and yet are only to be cured by ministering to ihe mind diseased. A patient should never be afraid of thus making his physician his friend and adviser; he should always bear in mind that a medical man is under the strongest obligations of secrecy. Even the female sex should never allow feelings of shame or delicacy to prevent their disclos- ing the seat, symptoms, and causes of complaints peculiar to them. However commendable a modest reserve may be in the common occurrences of life, its striett observance in medicine is often attended with tlie most serious consequences, and a patient may sink under a painful and loathsome disease which mio;ht have been "readily prevented had timely intimation been given to the physician.

"Sec. 5. - A patient sliould never weary his physician with a tedious detail of events or matters not pertaining to his disease. Even as relates to his actual symptoms, he will convey much more Information hy giving clear answers to interrogatories, than by the most minute account of his own framing. Neither should he obtrude the details of his businefs nor the history of his family concerns.

"Sec. 6. - Tlie obedience of a patient to the prescriptions ol his }>hysician should be prompt and implicit. He should never permit his own crude opinions as to their fitness to infliieuce his attention to tliem. A failure in cne particular may render an otherwise judicious treatment dan jerous, and even fatal. This remark is equally applicable to diet, drink, and exercise. As patients become convalescent they are very apt to suppose that the rules prescribed for them may be disregarded, and the consequence, but too often, is a relapse. Patients should never allow themselves to be persuaded to take anj* medicine whatever, that may be recommended to tliem by the self-constituted doctors and doctresses, who are so frequently met with, and who pretend to possess infallible remedies for the care of every disease. However simple some prescriptions may appear to be, it often happens that they are productive of much mischief, and in all cases they are injurious, by contravening the plan of treatment adopted by the physician. - -

" Sec. 7. - A patient should, if possible, avoid even \\iq friendly visits of a physician- vrho is not attending him; and when he does receive them, he should never converse on the subject of his disease, as an observation may be made, without any intention of interference, which may destroy his confidence in the course he is pursuing, and induce him to neglect the directions prescribed to him. A patient should never send for a consulting ph3'sician without the express consent of his own medical attendant. It is of great importance chat physicians should act in concert; for, although their modes of treatment may be attended

" Sec. S. - "When a patient wishes to dismiss his physician, justice and common courtesy require tliat he should declare his re;isons for so doing.

" Sec. 9. - Patients should always, when practicable, send for their physician in the morning, before his usual hour of going out; for by being early aware of the visits he has to pay during the day, the physician is able to apportion his time in sucli a manner as to prevent an interference of engagements. They should always be in readiness to receive the visits of their physician, as the detention of a few minutes is often of serious inconvenience to him.

"Sec. 10. - A patient should, after his recovery, entertain a just and enduring sense of the value of the services rendered him by his piiysician; for tiiese are of such a character that no mere pecuniary acknowledgments can repay or cancel them."

This society continued from year to year until the breaking out of the late war, when, most of its members having enlisted, so few were left to hold meetings that they were discontinued until the year 1866, when the times for its regular meetings, specififd in its By-Laws, were observed, and have been ever since.

At the annual meeting of the Indiana State Medical Society in 1872, as a basis on whicli to organize this society under the statute relating to voluntary associations, passed resolutions providing for the incorporation of county medical societies. It was not, liowever, till the annual meeting of 1875 that the requisite number - twelve counties - reported to the Secretary of the State society, at which time, "On motion, the preamble and resolutions and tlie new Constitution were then adopted by more than a two-thirds vote, on a division - afEmative fifty-eight; negative seventeen." The State society, having now adopted the delegate system of representation from incorporated auxiliary county societies, .he Hendricks County Medical Society at one of its regular meetings, in the year 1S75, changed its Constitution, as was thought, to comply with the State society, and the laws of the State relative to such associations. The delegates from the Hendricks County

Society were admitted at the State society at its annual meeting in 1S76. As will be seen by the report of a committee on credentials farther along, the Constitution of the Hendricks County Medical Saciety was defective in the description of its seal. When this fact became known, most of the physicians of the county who were not members of this society organized a new society, and as a result, at the annual meeting of the Indiana State Medical Society, in May, 1S77, there were two sets of delegates, each claiming to represent the Hendricks County Medical Society. The following is the report of the Committee on Credentials: 'f Your committee, to whom was referred the claims of the rival delegations from Hendricks Coun'3', submit the following report: The evidence, oral and documentary, shows that the Hendricks County Medical Society was organized in 1854, and has continued in existence ever since; that when the State society adopted the delegate system of representatiriu from incorporated auxiliary county societies, the Hendricks County Society clianged its Constitution to conform to the requirements of the State society and laws of the State providing for the formation of voluntary associations. The Constitution, as changed, was left with the recorder of the county, and his certificate taken fjr it, which certificate was presented to the Secretary of the State society, authorlzinohim to enter the county society on tb.e roll of auxiliary societies and their delegates were admittod to the State society. It has .been subsequently ascertained that the Constitution was not recorded, and was defective in not giving a particular description of its seal and the postoffice address of its members; that these technical defects were unknown to its members, who were actincr in good faith, nnder a cunviction that all the demands of the State society and the laws of the State had been complied with; that after it was ascertained that the requirements of the law had not bsen fully complied with, a new society was organized, in which all the statutory requirements were observed; that the said latter society applies for admission ti) the State society; that such admission would require the Statu society to set aside its action admitting'the delegates from the Hendricks County Society last year, which action was taken on the'.r presenting a certificate from the county recorder stating that the society had complied with the law. Your committee, therefore, recommend that the 'old' Hendricks County Society be permitted to correct the errors in their Constitution, and that the delegates from said society

Pn^S^ ^r-Tl"\ l""^ ^'^'^'' °^ Association of the Hendricks County Society had been corrected and recorded, however, abont a month before this committee made its report. Below is a copy 01 trie same: ^-^

"Art. II. The officers of this society shall be a President Vice-President, Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary Treasurer, and three Censors, each of wliom' shal^ be lectj

"Art. III. Any regular and reputable practitioner of medicine may become a member of this society by signing this Constitution paying mto the treasury two dollars, and complying, with I such other regulations as may be hereafter provided by law" j

';Art. IV. The President shall preside at all meetinc.s of the society, preserve order, and see that its deliberations ''are con- ' aucted according to the rules and regulations governing deliberative bodies, except so far as they may be otherwise provided for by this Constitution and By-Laws; he shall have the power to call special meetings at his discretion, or upon the written request of three members; shall sign certificates of membership, and those ot discharge; also the warrants authorized to be drawn upon the Treasurer, and all the official instruments and proceedings of the society. ^ o "^ 1-"^

"Art. v. The Vice-President, in the absence of the President shall perform the ordinary duties assigned to that office. Art. VL The Recording Secretary shall keep a fair and legible record of the proceedings of the society, a list of the members' names with a speeiticntion of such as fail to pay their taxes and fines, preserve all papers belonging to the society, subject at all times to the inspection of the members, and perform all other duties belonging to the oiEce.

, "Art. VII. The Corresponding Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the society, under its direction, and make a full report of such matters as he may deem proper.

"Art. YIII. The Treasurer shall collect all dues of the society, and pay on presentation the orders regularly drawn on him by the President and Secretary; he shall keep a full account of all moneys received and disbursed and make satisfactory reports thereof at kast annually, and oftener if requested by the society; upon the expiration of his term of office he shall exhibit to the parties appointed to receive them an account current of the receipts and disbursements of his term, accompanied with vouchers when practicable, and hand over to his successor in office all moneys, books, papers, or other property held and received by virtue of his office; he shall provide a suitable place for the society to hold its sessions, fuel, lights, stationery, and other necessary conveniences.

"Art. IX. The Censors shall examine applicants for membership, and^if. in their opinion, such applicants are worthy to be admitted they shall report accordingly. No person shall be admitted to an e.xamination until he produces satisfactory evidence to the Censors that he possesses a good moral character and has studied medicine and surgery with some regularly authorized practitioner at least three years previous to his application unless he be a graduate of some regular medical college.

"Art. X. One-fourth of all the members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but on all subjects involving the rights, interests or standing of any member, a majority of all the members shall be present.

"Art. XL The society shull have fhll power to adopt such measures as may be deemed most efficient for mutual improvement, for e.xciting a spirit of emulation, for the dissemination of useful knowledge, for promotirg friendly professional intercourse among its members, and for tlu; advancement of medical science.

adopted by this society. It shall have power to raise money of its members by a tax of not more than two dollars, and the annual dues to the State society. It shall have power to fix a fee-bill for regulating the charges of its members for their professional services. It shall have power to adopt a seal for the use of the society. It shall hold four regular meetings annually on the third Tuesday of the months of January, April, July and October, the April meeting being the annual meeting. And shall hold such other meetings as three members of the society may call. -

"Art. XIII. Any member moving out of the county without giving notice to the Secretary sljall be dropped from the roll; also, any member may withdraw from the society after paying all dues, provided no charges for unprofessional conduct or violation of the Code of Ethics are against him.

"Art. XV. The members of this society pledge themselves to observe 'alt the requirements of this Constitution, the Code of Ethics, the requirements of the State Medical Society to which this society is auxiliary, and that they will in no way countenance or encourage quackery in any of its forms or pretensions.

Wilson Lockhart, Thomas Evans Thomas F. Dryden, B. Mendenhali. " Recorded April the 10th, A. D. 1877, at S o'clock a. m. ^ " Leroy Rawlings,

'-'-Recordenr of Eendricks County^ I This society makes no fee-bills by which its members shall be governed, but every member is allowed to make such charges for his services as he sees proper.

Below are the bership since its Adams, T. J., Bartholomew, B, Barker, J. T., Brill, J. H., Comingor, J. A. Cox, Plenry, Carter, Amos, Depew, D. J. , Davidson, A., Drjden, T. F., Depew, M. F., Dixon, C. R, Eastman, J. A., Evans, T., Ellis, Thos. E.,