Marshall County, Indiana - Chapter 4: By Samuel W. Gould, M. D, 1890 (part 2 of 2)

John C. Gordon was born in Seneca county, Ohio, June 24, 1844. His father, George W. Gordon, was a native of Hancock county, Ohio, born in the year 1S14, and was a son of James Gordon, a native of Virginia, descended from Scotch ancestry. In an early day this Virginian became a settler of Ohio, dying in his eighty-third year at Fremont, that state. George W. Gordon was reared on a farm, and was united in marriage with Hannah Guisbert, a native of Seneca county, Ohio, who was born in 181 5. This marriage was blessed by the birth of the following offspring: Anna, La Fayette, Margaret, Jane, John C, Daniel, Mary E., Temperance, Cynthia, Martha and Rebecca. In the fall of 1852 the family removed to St. Joseph county, Ind., in which county the mother died in 1854. In 1856 the father and children removed to Marshall county, and here the father, after a second marriage and after several years of active business life, viras called away by death in 1SS8. John C. Gordon, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools. He remained under the parental roof until the age of eighteen, at which time he began life for himself. March 4, 1862, he enlisted in Compan}' C, Twenty-first Indiana regiment. After serving in the McClellan army of the Potomac until December of the same year he was discharged at Fortress Monroe, Va., by reason of disability. After his discharge he returned to Indiana, and since 1871 he has carried on the grain trade at Argos. Since 1876 he has operated the Thayer elevator at this point; and as a business man, Mr. Gordon ranks among the foremost in the town. May 6, 1872, he wedded Miss Millie J., daughter of Rev. R. H. Sanders. She was born in Lake county, Ind., April 25, 185 1. To the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Gordon have been born the following children: Zena W. (deceased), Mary D., Grace L. and Harry S. Mr. Gordon has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church since 1870, and in politics he is a staunch republican. He is a member of the G. A. R., LaFayette Gordon post, No. 132; also a member of the Argos lodge, No 399, F. & A. M.; the Plymouth chapter, No. 49, R. A. M., and the Plymouth commandery, No. 26, K. T. Samuel W. Gould, M. D., a resident physician of Argos, Ind., is a native of York township. Union county, Ohio, born June 11, 1839. His parents, Daniel and Adeline (Wilkins) Gould, were natives of New York, from which state they emigrated to Ohio in 1835. They made their first settlement in Union county, Ohio, and then in Logan county, Ohio. They continued to reside in Ohio till about 1865, when they removed to Indiana, after living in Bourbon two years, settling at Argos, Marshall county, in 1S67, and there continued to reside till in advanced ages, when death called them from earth, ending two long, useful and faithful lives, both dying in iSSS. Both parents were past eighty years of age. Three sons were their children: Albert I., John H. and Samuel W. The former two became prominent lawyers, while the last, who is the subject of this biography, grew to manhood in his native state. At the early age of three years he was taught his first lessons in the acquisition of an education. He was placed in a private school, and for a period of ten years was given careful and excellent instruction in the rudiments of an English education. At the age of fourteen years he had gained a fair education, such as enabled him in successfully teaching a winter term of three months in the country schools. At this period the father was in straightened circumstances and was unable to kid his son in the completion of an education. Still the determined youth resolved to accomplish this object alone, and although it was a difficult obstacle to surmount, he, through perseverance, frugality and self-denial, accomplished his purpose, and at the age of sixteen years had finished an academical education, and immediately began the study of medicine in Ohio, under James S. Robb, M. D., as his preceptor. In 1858, at the age of nineteen, he graduated from the Medical college of Ohio, at Cincinnati, and in the same year located in Allen county and began his profession as a practitioner. Mr. Gould continued to practice in Allen county till 1865, when he removed to Indiana, subsequently locating at Argos, where he has since gained a wide and extended practice. Being desirous of supplementing his professional ability he accordingly entered the Rush Medical college of Chicago in 1869, where he graduated, and then returned to Argos and resumed his practice. Doctor Gould is considered one of the best read physicians of the state, and is a member of the State Medical society, and of the Marshall County Medical society and American, and is a regular and able contributor to leading medical journals, and is a terse and ready writer, possessed of good descriptive powers, and a rare faculty for holding and advocating decided opinions. Moreover, he is possessed of marked eloquence and oratorical power, and in both conversation and from the rostrum he is entertaining, instructive and persuasive. Although born of ardent Presbyterian parents, and reared under the strict discipline of that church, he has become skeptical to that church faith, and is now a liberal agnostic; and his creed is, be just and do good; and freely concedes to others the right to enjoy and exercise their religious convictions. It was in January, of i860, that Miss Callie Shafer, of Lima, Ohio, became his wife. She gave birth to two and buried two children, and in June, of 1864, her death occurred. In December, of 1867, Mr. Gould married for a second wife. Miss Sarah A. Smith, of St. Joseph, Mich., a lady of culture and attainments. The birth of one child, a son, Daniel W., has blessed the marriage. Mrs. Gould is an active member of the E. church. Mr. Gould is a member of the Masonic fraternity and is a K. T. In politics he is an aggressive republican. During the presidential campaign of 1856 he managed the West Liberty (Ohio) Banner, in the interest of the republican party and its presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, and throughout his entire political career Dr. Gould has continued an able and active republican. He is now in his fifty-second year, and is of strong physique and energy, and still quick of perception and prompt in decision. He is undoubtedly one of the self-made men whose success in life has been due to caution, energy, frugality, integrity, and earnest endeavors. These qualities have established a character above reproach, and gained the esteem and confidence of many. As a physician he holds a high rank, and, by his skill as a physician, he has gained more than a local reputation.

Jones Grant, the subject of this biography, wa^ born in Stark county, Ohio, January 29, 1843. He is a son of John Z. and Mary (Gaskill) Grant. The father, born in New Jersey, November 24, 1813, was a son of Stacey and Hannah Grant, both natives of New Jersey, and of Scotch descent. Stacey and Hannah Grant were the parents of the following offspring: John Z., Stacey, William, Josiah, Aaron, Elizabeth and Mary. In an early day they settled in Stark county, Ohio, where they resided till called away in death. John Z. Grant was reared on a farm, and his life occupation was agriculture. His marriage was consummated in Stark county, Ohio, with Mary Gaskill, who was born in that county, dying in Iowa, November 8, 1855, aged forty-one years. The marriage was blessed by the birth of the following children: Martha, Mahala, Mercie, Jones, Nathan, Hannah and Rebecca. The parents resided in Ohio till 1852, when they removed to Indiana, and settled in Marshall county. Three years later they removed to and located in Iowa, where they both died. The father died August 12, 1859. In early life both became members of the Methodist Episcopal church, which they abandoned in 1843, because the church recognized the institution of slavery, and went to the Wesleyan Methodist church, of which they were members till death called them above. Jones Grant, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared and educated on a farm. He lost his father when but sixteen years old, and at this early age was thrown upon his own resources. He began the struggle of life as a farm hand, working by the month. In the spring of i860, he returned from Iowa to Indiana, and August 19, 1861, enlisted as a private in Company D, Ninth Indiana volunteer infantry. July 26, 1862, he was appointed corporal, a non-commissioned officer, of his regiment. He was discharged as corporal September 6, 1864, by reason of the expiration of the term of enlistment. He participated in twentythree engagements, among which were the battles of Greenbrier, Shiloh, Corinth, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga and siege of Atlanta. At Chickamauga he received a severe wound below i"he left knee; and lay on the battle field seven days without surgical aid and without food. After his discharge from the service he returned to Marshall county, where he has since remained. March 9, 1865, he was united in marriage with Amanda J. Perry, daughter of James W. and Minerva (Young) Perry, the father a native of Ohio, and the mother of North Carolina. Mrs. Grant was born in Marion county, Ind., November 21, 1845, and is the mother of three children, namely: Estes M., Edwin J. and Evert F. Mr. Grant is a prosperous farmer of Walnut township; is a member of the G. A. R., Miles H. Tibbets post No. 260, of Plymouth, and belongs to the Bourbon lodge, No. 227 F. & A. M. He and wife are zealous members of the Methodist

Episcopal church, of which church Mr. Grant has been an official member as class leader for over sixteen years. For several years he has been an active superintendent of the church Sabbath school.

Josiah B. Grimes was born in Miami county, Ind., July 31, 1846, and is a son of Harrison and Elizabeth (Bower) Grimes. The father was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, February 14, 1823, and now resides in Miami county, Ind., where, as a pioneer, he settled in an early day. He is a son of Jeremiah and Barbara (Harshburger) Grimes, natives of Maryland and Virginia, respectively, the former of Irish, the latter of Dutch, descent. Harrison Grimes was their oldest son, and early in life became an orphan, and was thrown upon his own resources. In the spring of 1844, he visited Miami county, and secured a homestead, and then returned to his native county, and May 4, 1845, wedded Elizabeth Bower, who was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, of Dutch descent, February 8, 1826. Unto this marriage was born Josiah B., Hiram, deceased; Sarah D., George T., Albert, Martha J., William and Charles Grimes. Josiah B. was reared and educated on a farm, and remained with his parents till past twenty-four years old, and then was married, October 5, 1871, to Ellen'Seibert, daughter of Samuel H. and Sarah (See) Seibert, natives of Pennsylvania, and early settlers of Indiana. Mrs. Grimes was born in Miami county, Ind., November 17, 1851. The following children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Grimes: Harvey, deceased; Emma L., Clary M.and Daisy V. Since the spring of 1S76 Mr. and Mrs. Grimes have resided on their present homestead, in Walnut township, where Mr. Grimes owns a well improved farm consisting of 160 acres of land. He is a progressive and successful farmer, and both he and wife are members of the Baptist church.

Henry J. Hanes was born in Delaware county, Ohio, June 11, 1842, and is a son of Huram and Betsie (Vaughn) Hanes. The father was born in Duchess county, N. Y., August 10, 1800, and died in Marshall county, Ind., July 5, 1868. He was a son of Sandford and Hannah (Gould) Hanes, to whom were born the following children: Huram, Samuel, Hiram, Lucy, Sophia and Rebecca. Upon Huram reaching manhood he left his native state and went into Pennsylvania, locating in Erie county, where he was married January 15, 1829, to Betsie Vaughn, a daughter of Charles and Elizabeth (Morgan) Vaughn, natives of Canada, and the father and mother of eight children, namely: Henry, John, Joel, Daniel, Samuel, Nancy, Dimers, Hulda and Betsie. JBetsie was born in Canada, June 8, 1810, and died in this county April 15, 1888. Unto her marriage with Huram Hanes there were born: Charles, Hannah, Sandford, Sallie, Henry J. and Phebie Hanes. The parents soon after marriage settled in Ohio, and in 1853 left that state and settled in Marshall county, Ind., where they continued until their deaths. He died a member of the Christian church, and she a member of the German Baptist church. Henry J. Hanes was reared on a farm and given a limited education in the early country schools. Farming has been his life occupation; his father before him was a farmer, and a soldier in the war of 1S12. Henry came to this county with his parents, and has since remained here. December 27, 1868, he was united in marriage with Eliza Jackson, daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Mitchell) Jackson, natives of Yorkshire, England, the father emigrating to America in 1858, becoming a citizen of Marshall county, Ind., in 1S66. The mother died in England, and the father, his second wife and children were the emigrants. He was the progenitor of the following children: Anna, Eliza, Sallie, Dyson, Joseph, Elizabeth and Mary. Eliza was born in England, November 24, 1842. Eler marriage with Mr. Elanes has given issue to the following offspring: Lizzie, Samuel and John. Mr. and Mrs. Hanes are members of the German Bap|ist church, and belong to the representative families of Walnut township.

Elias Hess, the subject of this sketch, was an early settler of Walnut township. His paternal grandfather, Moses Hess, was born in Germany, and became an orphan early in life. To free himself from the bondage and the military law of Germany, he emigrated to America at the age of fourteen years, working passenger on board of ship, and was landed at New York city. Eventually he drifted to Ohio, married and settled on a farm. He became the progenitor of the following offspring: Bolser, Moses and Daniel. Bolser, our subject's father, was born in Ohio, February 14, 1786, and died in Indiana December 16, 1856. April II, 1809, in Ohio, he was united in marriage with Sarah Immel, who was born February 27, 1790, dying January 14, 1858. Unto the above marriage were born the following children: John, Elias, Eve, Moses and Israel (twins), Bolser, Daniel, Emily, Sarah, Martha, Lydia and Jacob. As early as 1829 the parents settled in Elkhart county, Ind., where each died. The father was a soldier of the war of 1812, and was a minister of the gospel in the Baptist church for a number of years. Of his sons, Elias was born in Ohio, March 10, 1S12, and was reared and educated on a farm. He came to Indiana with his parents in 1829, and five years later (July 10, 1834), was united in marriage with Lucinda Wright, born in Ohio, January 10, 1817, of Scotch descent. The above marriage gave issue to the following offspring: Ezra (deceased), Jane (deceased), Belinda, Levi, Isaiah. Jasper, Sarah (deceased), Enoch, Jesse (deceased), Erastus, Susannah, Chancy (deceased), Lewis J. and Henry G. Of the sons three were soldiers in the civil war, in defense of the Union, Ezra losing his life at Lookout Mountain. In 1868 the father left

Isaiah Hess, a farmer and resident of Walnut township, was born in Elkhart county, Ind., October 30, 1842, and is a son of Elias and Lucinda (Wright) Hess. He was reared and educated on a farm, and has followed farming for an occupation. His home has been in Marshall county since 1S68. At the age of twenty-five years he started out in life for himself by settling on a farm. August 17, 1867, he was united in marriage with Sarah A. Beckner, daughter of Isaac Beckner. She was born in Elkhart county, and by the above marriage has become the mother of the following offspring: Lorena M., Loresta L. (deceased), Evaline, Albert F., Elias B., Lura L., Maima, and Frank P. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are members of the Christian church at Argos. Mr. Hess has a gallant record as a soldier in the Union army in the civil war. July ig, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Company E, Seventy-fourth Indiana volunteer infantry, and was discharged June 15, 1S65, by reason of the close of war. He participated in the battle of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and was in he campaign to Atlanta, Georgia. At Jonesborough he was wounded, and later given a furlough. Subsequently he joined his regiment at Goldsboro, N. C, and remained with Gen. Sherman till discharged. Mr. Hess is one of the representative citizens of the county, a practical farmer, and worthy member of society, a staunch republican in politics and a progressive man.

Jasper N. Hess was born in Elkhart county, Ind., August 15, 1844, and was reared on a farm, and was given a liberal education in the schools of Goshen. In 1S66, he graduated from the Eastman National business college of Chicago, and for two years following was traveling salesman for the Studebaker Bros., manufacturers of wagons and carriages, at South Bend, Ind. In 1868, he joined his father on a farm near Argos, and four years later became book-keeper for a lumber company of Windfall, Ind. From 1874 to 1876, he was engaged in the grain and lumber trade at Argos. In 1876, he embarked in the hardware and furniture business at the same place, which he continued for four years. During this period he was for four years, postmaster of Argos, resigning the office in 1879. Since abandoning merchandising, he has mainly been engaged in the lumber business in Arkansas, Michigan and Indiana. September 15, 1874, he wedded OriellaK. Dickson, daughter of Bayless L. and Emma (Houghton) Dickson, both natives of Indiana, the former born in 1818 and died in 1874, the latter born in 1822. The father was a minister of the gospel in the Christian church. Mrs. Hess was born in this county, April 12, 1852, and the mother of one daughter namely, Lu Emma. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are members of the Christian church. He is a member of the Argos lodge, No. 399, F. & A. M., and in politics a staunch republican. He is one of the progressive citizens of Argos, and enjoys the esteem of a host of friends. In 1886, he made an unsuccessful race as the republican candidate for county auditor of Marshall, being beaten by a majority of 180 votes, while two years before, Blaine was beaten in the county by a majority of 761. This gives evidence of the high position in the esteem and respect of his fellow citizens that Mr. Hess occupies.

Erastus Hess, a resident of Argos, Ind., was born in Elkhart county, January 17, 1855. He was reared on a farm, and January 19, 1876, was united in marriage with Naomi Scott, daughter of Archibald and Mary Elizabeth (Moore) Scott, early settlers of Marshall county. Mrs. Hess was born in this county, October 13, 1857; and by the above marriage, is the mother of the following children: John M., Jasper O., Ella C. and Lizzie L. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are members of the Christian church, and are highly respected. Mr. Hess began the struggle of life for himself as a farmer, which he followed but for a short time, and then engaged in lumbering to which he has since given his attention. He is one of the firm, styled Hess & Van Vactor, operators of the Argos planing and lumbering mill; and though Mr. Hess is a young man he has had an active and prosperous life. He is a member of the Argos lodge, No. 399, F. & A. M., and in politics is identified with the republican party.

Lewis J. Hess was born in Elkhart county, Ind., December 4, 1859. He was reared on a farm and after receiving a fair common school education, completed a course in the Merom college of Sullivan county, this state. January 25, 1882, he wedded Miss Ona Barnhill, a native of Marshall county, and settled down in life on a farm. Two years later he began merchandising, and is now one of the enterprising merchants of Argos. The firm of Slayter & Hess, of which he is a member, is among the most extensive dealers in hardware and agricultural implements in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Hess are members of the Christian church, and enjoy high social standing. He is a member of the Argos lodge. No. 399, F. & A. M., and in politics is an ardent republican.

John Hindel was born near Richmond, Wayne county, Ind., June II, 1820, and died in Marshall county, Ind., December 20, 1874. He was a son of Christian and Eve (Miller) Hindel. The father was born in Pennsylvania December 17, 1787, and died in Marshall county, Ind., January 23, 1869. The mother was born in the same state April 5, 1790, and died in this county April 23, 1870. They were both of German descent, and raised a family consisting of the following children: Adam, George, John P., Susan, Mary, Christina, Elizabeth and Christian. About 1815 the parents became settlers of Wayne county, Ind., and some time in the thirties they became pioneer settlers of Mar- shall county. Both lived to advanced ages, and were highly respected by all who knew them. John Hindel, the subject of this sketch, was born and reared on a farm, and his youth was spent amid the pioneer scenes of Marshall county. November 17, 1844, he was united in marriage with Malinda Rinker, daughter of Joseph and Christina (Bowman) Rinker, both natives of Virginia, and of German descent. These parents were blessed in their marriage by the birth of the following children : Malinda, Levi, Sarah, Lydia, William, John, Lizzie and Henry. Malinda, was born in Piqua, Ohio, April 26, 1S26; and by her marriage with John Hindel became the mother of the following children: James, Oilman, Sandford and Charles, of which children James is the only surviving one. At the close of the year 1844 John and Malinda Hindel settled on the present Hindel homestead of Walnut township, and here Mr. Hindel continued a very successful career as a farmer till called from earth by death. He grew from a poor man to be one of the foremost and most prosperous farmers in Marshall county, owning at the time of his death about one thousand acres of land. In his death his family lost a faithful father, the community a useful member, and the county a well-respected citizen. His widow still survives and occupies the old home with her son James, who was born in this county August 18, )846. He was reared and educated on the farm, where his work has all been done. March 22, 1874, he wedded Mary Smith, a native of the county, born January 29, 1851. The marriage has resulted in the birth of one child, Carrie E., by name. He is the only living offspring of the subject of this sketch. The other sons lived to be very promising, and in early life death called them from what might have been useful lives.

Charles R. Hughes, the subject of this biography, was born in Marshall county, Ind., March 7, i860, and is a son of Joseph and Abigail (Williams) Hughes. The father was born in Holmes county, Ohio, January 29, 1827, and died in Marshall county, April 4, 1862. He was a son of William Hughes, who was born near Richmond, Penn., in 1803, the son of Jesse Hughes, a native of Maryland. William died in Marshall county, October 31, 1868. He and his family, including Joseph, came to Marshall county, Ind., in 1840. Here, in 1852, May 27, Joseph was united in marriage with Abigail Williams, who still survives and resides in Argos. The above marriage resulted in the birth of the following children: Mary, Orton, Elvon and Charles R. Charles R., his youngest son, the subject of this sketch, was but a child when his father died. His widowed mother reared him on a farm and gave him a fair education in the country and Argos schools, and at the age of nineteen began the study of telegraphy, and subsequently became station agent and telegraph operator for the

L. E. & W. R'y at Argos, a position he still holds. He was married in June, 1886, to Miss Minnie A. Fisher, who was born in Randolph county. Ills., March 6, 1869. Mr. Hughes is a member of Argos lodge No. 399, F. & A. M.; of Plymouth chapter. No. 49, R. A. M., and of the Plymouth commandery, No. 26, K. T.

Jonathan S. Hussey was born in Kioga county, N. Y., August 17, 1840, and is a son of Seth and Junie (Billings) Hussey, both parents born in the Empire state, where they were also married. Their marriage resulted in the birth of three children, namely, Phebe A., Caroline A. and Jonathan S. The father was a tanner and currier by trade, and in 1842, located with his family in Plymouth, Ind., where he followed his calling for a number of years, and later followed the hotel business. He served one term as sheriff of Marshall county, and later entered the employ of a circus show company, with which he remained till his death occurred, but of the time and place of his death nothing is known to his family. In 1843, his first wife, Junio, died, and later he married Amanda Logan, who bore him one son, Marshall A. Jonathan S. Hussey was reared mainly in Marshall county, and in early youth he was thrown upon his own resources. March 10, 1S62, he enlisted as a private in Company C, Twentieth Indiana volunteers, and on May 11, 1S63, he was discharged by reason of disability. May 20, 1864, he re-enlisted as a private in Company E, One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Indiana volunteer infantry, from which he was discharged September 22, 1865, by reason of close of war. He participated in the attack on Richmond, Va., the Seven Days fight, Malvern Hill and others. In 1866 he returned to Marshall county and married Elizabeth Krause, daughter of Henr}^ Krause, a settler of Argos in 1859. Mrs. Hussey was born in Ohio, February 11, 1844. To the above marriage was born one child, Ora M. Mr. Hussey is a shoemaker, and followed his trade up to 1885. With the exception of the interval between 1S75 to 1S85, he has resided in Marshall county, and since 1885, he has been a resident of Argos, where he is now engaged in operating a confectionery, restaurant and bakery. He is a member of the G. A. R. of Argos, of the I. O. O. F. of Paris, 111., and is a Master Mason of the Center lodge of Dudley, 111.

Josiah Jones was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, October 18, 1834, and is a son of Samuel and Nancy (Skinner) Jones, both born in North Carolina, of Welsh descent. The parents were married in their native state, and in an early day emigrated to Montgomery count}-, Ohio, where they resided until 1S46, when they removed to Miami county, Ind., where both afterward died. To their marriage were born twelve children, namely: Nathan, Jonah, Sarah, Polly, Samuel, Elizabeth, Nancy, Amelia, John, Ezra, David and Josiah. Josiah, the subject of this sketch, 17-B.

was reared on a farm, and remained with his parents until he reached his majority, working on the farm with his father. August 27, 1S57, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Jane Newman, daughter of Isaac and Susannah (Hoover) Newman, both parents natives of Ohio, he of English, and she of German, descent, settling in Miami county, Ind., about 1832. Mrs. Jones wes born in Miami county, April 15, 1S40. Soon after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Jones settled on a farm in Miami county, and in i860 removed to Marshall county and located near the village of Walnut, where they have since resided. Both are members ot the Methodist Protestant church, and are respected by a wide acquaintance. He is a member ot the Improved Order of Red Men of Walnut. His wife belongs to the Annetta council, also of Walnut.

J. T. Kendall, M. D., a practicing physician at Walnut, Ind.. was born at Clifton Springs, N. Y., October 18, 1862, and is a son of George W. and Helen (Palmer) Kendall. The father was born in New York, and is one of three children, namely: Joshua, George VV., and Catherine, whose progenitor was Allen Kendall, a native of York state, and of English lineage. He was a very prominent citizen of central New York. George W. Kendall was reared in his native state, where he was given a liberal education, and his early life was spent in railroading, as a contractor. He has had a wide experience in the business world, and at present is manager of the Equitable Trust company, of New York city, with his permanent residence at Walnut, Ind. In Ohio he was united in marriage with Helen Palmer, born in New York state, of German ancestry. The above unipn was blessed by the birth of the following children: Helen, deceased; George x-\llen, John T., Christine, and Sydney. George Allen Kendall, the oldest son, is the present assistant manager of the well-known Palmer House, of Chicago. John T., the immediate subject of this biography, and Christine, and Sydney, reside in Walnut. John T. obtained a classical education in Niles, Mich., and began the study of medicine in the fall of 1882, at Springway, 111., under Dr. George A. Zeller. In the spring of 1885 he graduated from the Hospital Medical college, of Evansville, Ind., and while in that institution had one year's experience practicing in the United States Marine Medical hospital. In the spring of 1886 he graduated from the Rush Medical college, of Chicago. Two years later he located at Walnut, Ind., where he has since had an active practice in his profession. He is a member of the Marshall County Medical society, also a member of the Indiana State Medical society. He belongs to the Argos lodge, No. 399, F. & A. M., and is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men, of Walnut.

born in Rockport, Ohio, January 2, 1857. He is a son of William and Elizabeth (Stephenson) Knott. The father, a native of Richland county, Ohio, and a son of Joseph Knott, who was of Irish birth, and who emigrated in an early day to Ohio. The mother was a native of Pennsylvania, and by her marriage with William Knott, had six children. The parents, in 1S57, located in West Cairo, Ohio, where they remained till 1869, in which year they located in Rochester, Ind. David Crawford Knott was liberally educated in the schools of West Cairo, Ohio, and Rochester, Ind., and in early life taught the public schools thirteen successful terms. The last three years of his teaching was done in the graded schools of Akron, Ind. In 187S he began the study of medicine under C. Hester, M. D., of Rochester, Ind., and in the fall of 1S80 entered the Eclectic Medical institute of Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating here in June of 1882. In July of 1882, he located at Burr Oak, Ind., and began his practice. He had an active practice till 1889, and in March of that year he located at Argos, Ind., where he has since remained, doing a very lucrative business. December 27, 18S2, he wedded Miss Hattie E. Clark, of Columbia City, Ind., a union blessed with the birth of one child, Harvey. Dr. Knott is a self-made man. From his own earnings he defrayed the expenses of his education, and by energy and determination, has won the confidence of many who have become his patients and friends. In his practice of medicine he is very successful, and promises to rank among the able men of his profession. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Argos, and belongs to the Argos lodge. No. 212, K. of P.

Lemuel Littleton, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser of Walnut township, was born in Ross county, Ohio, October 7, 1839, and is a son of Levi and Catherine (Hurst) Littleton. The father was born in Ross county, Ohio, November 27, 1802, and died in Henry county, Ind., March i, 1885. He was a son of Thomas and Sovela Littleton. Thomas Littleton was born in Maryland, of English descent, and was the father of the following children: William, Thomas, Mathew, Levi and Harriet. He emigrated from Maryland to Ohio about 1800, locating in Ross county, where he followed the farmer's occupation. His first year in Ohio was spent within a fort at Circleville. He was a whig in politics, a sturdy pioneer and a faithful friend. His son Thomas was a soldier in the war of 1812. Levi Littleton was reared on a farm, and was united in marriage in the state of Ohio, February 14, 1828, to Catherine Hurst, who was born in Maryland, April 12, 1804. She is now residing with her children in Marshall county. She is a daughter of Joseph and Lovicy Hurst. Joseph Hurst was a native of Maryland, born of English parentage, was a farmer by occupation, and settled In

Ross county, Ohio, about 1806. He was the father of the following children: Thomas, James, Mary, Catherine, Sarah, Nancy, Margaret and Harriet. The marriage of Levi and Catherine Littleton was blessed by the birth of the following offspring: Martha, Emily, Sovicy, Lovela, Lemuel and Mary. From the time of his marriage up to 1841 Levi Littleton followed farming in Ohio, as a renter and in that year he emigrated to and settled in Henry county, Ind., where he continued until his death occurred. He was one of the pioneers of Henry county, and though beginning life with many obstacles in the way, passed successfully through the many privations and hardships and lived to an advanced age. He was a Methodist, and in politics a staunch republican, originally a whig. Lemuel Littleton was married February 28, 1S61, to Sarah M. Bird, of Henry county, Ind., the result of which union has been the following children: Langdon W., Luther (deceased) and Lenora R. Mr. Littleton farmed at home with his father till in January of 1S69, when he located in Marshall county, where he has since remained. He is a representative farmer and stock-raiser, owning a well-improved farm, and raising the best of imported stock, principally horses. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and in politics he is an ardent republican.

fames Lowry was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, April 10, 1816, and is the son of Lazarus and Elizabeth (Sweak) Lowry. The father, a native of Columbiana county, Penn., was one of eight children, viz.: Alexander, RoberJ, James, Lazarus, Francis, William, Rebecca and Margaret. These are the children of James and Ruth Lowry, both of whom were born in Ireland, but emigrated to America prior to the American revolution, in which James was a soldier. They first settled in the mountains of east Pennsylvania, and subsequently removed to Columbiana county, that state, but later to Ohio, where they both died. Lazarus Lowry, the father of our subject, was a farmer by occupation. He was united in marriage with Elizabeth Sweak in Jefferson county, Ohio, and unto their marriage were born: Diana, John, Ruth and James. Soon after the birth of James the mother was called away by death. She was born in New Jersey, and was the daughter of John Sweak, a native of Holland and an early settler of New Jersey. Lazarus Lowry married a second time and lived for a few years in Allen county, Ind., but in old age came to Marshall county, Ind., to make his home with his sons who cared for him until his death. James, the subject of this sketch, was reared on a farm, and was given but a poor chance for education, but learned reading, writing and arithmetic. In 1837, when but a young man he came to Allen county, Ind., where August 15, 1839, he was married to Sarah Pearson, daughter of Jacob and Nancy Pearson; the father, a native of North Carolina, was a soldier in the revolutionary war; the mother's maiden name was Buffinton, and she was a native of South Carolina. Mrs. Lowry was one of six children, namely: Peter, Aaron, Sarah, Mark, Carry and Benson. Sarah was born in Miami county, Ohio, March i, 1823. Her marriage with, Mr. Lowry has been blessed by the birth of the following offspring: Mary A., John, Alfred, James M., Martha, Aaron, Jasper, Arilla J., Lucinda, Ellen and Nelson. Soon after his marriage Mr. Lowry settled on a farm in Allen county, and became a pioneer farmer of that part of the state, where he resided till 1855, in which year he came to Marshall county, settling in Walnut township, where he has since resided. February i, 1862, he enlisted In Company C, Forty-eighth Indiana regiment, and after the battle of Fort Donaldson he was detailed to wait on the sick and wounded, and given charge of a division of the hospital, here he contracted disease and subsequently, on account of ill-health, was discharged at Indianapolis December 4, 1862. He furnished two sons who were gallant soldiers in the civil war. After his discharge he returned home, where he has since given his time to farming, stock-raising and dealing in live stock. In his calling he has been a marked success. It might be interesting to state that Mr. Lowry in his lifetime has saved the lives of eight persons, the full narrative of which we have not space to give. He has been a lifelong member of the Missionary Baptist church, has filled several positions of honor and trust, and indeed is a representative citizen. In politics he has been either a whig or republican: He voted for " Old Tippecanoe" in 1S40. His life has been one of much endurance, his trials many, but with patience he has borne all, and is now classed among the oldest and most respected citizens of the county.

James L. McCoy, the railway-station and express agent at Walnut, Ind., was born near Worcester, Wayne county, Ohio, June 2, 1848. He is a son of Stewart and Sarah (Alleman) McCoy. The father, a native of Ohio, was a son of James McCoy, of Irish origin, and the mother a native of Pennsylvania, is of Dutch descent. Stewart McCoy died in 1S49, and subsequently the mother was wedded by Frederick St? ir, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. Her marriage with Stewart McCoy was blessed by one child. The subject of this mention, James L. McCoy, was reared on a farm, and received a common school education, and remained w'th his mother and step-father till past twenty-one years of age, aud at wh'ch time he began the struggle of life for himself on a farm. Fa'-ming and trading in live' stock, this he continued till 1876, then for two years he bought grain at Walnut. Later he entered the Bryant & Stratton Business college of Indianapolis, graduating in 1878. Since 1880, he has continuously held the position of railway station agent at

Walnut, and at present Is also agent for the express company, and has also continued to deal in grain. October 28, 1SS5, he wedded Miss Marj' E. Bodey, daughter of Samuel Bodey. She was born October i, 1866, and by her marriage with Mr. McCoy has become the mother of one child, namely, James N., born September 25, 18S6. Mr. McCoy is a competent business man, and a well respected citizen. He is a member of the Center lodge. No. 435, I. O. O. F., and in politics is a staunch democrat. Jesse R. Moore was born January 17, 1834, in Marion county, Ind., and is a son of David H. and Jemima (Roberts) Moore. The father was born in Virginia in 1805, and died in Marshall county, Ind., in 1838. He was a son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Smith) Moore. Benjamin was a son of Benjamin Moore, who was born in England, emigrating to and settling in Virginia in an early day. His son, Benjamin, who was a farmer by occupation, was the father of the following offspring: John, Franklin, David, Henry, Susan, Martha, Catherine and Jane. The father and family in an early day removed to Kentucky and settled near Frankfort, where the father died. David Moore, the father of Jesse R., moved to Marion count}-, Ind., in an early day with his mother, where the latter afterward died at an advanced age. David was a farmer by occupation, and while living in Marion county, was married, in 1827, to Jemima Roberts, daughter of Minor Roberts, who was an early settler of .Switzerland county, Ind., where Mrs. Moore was born in 180S; she died in Marshall county in 1850. The above marriage resulted in the birth of seven children, namely: Elizabeth, William, Marion, Artimesia, Jesse R., Neoma and Matilda. In 1S35 the parents and family removed from Marion county and settled In Marshall county, where the parents lived until death called them away. Jesse R. Moore, the subject of this biography, by losing his parents in youth, was early in life thrown upon his own resources. He was reared upon a farm, given a limited education in the early country schools and began life at farming, which has been his occupation. In 1857 he was united in marriage with Sarah Allen, who died in 1861. He then joined the army, enlisting August 29, 1861, as a private In Company D, Ninth Indiana volunteer Infantry, and was discharged September 6, 1864. Among several other engagements In which he was engaged may be mentioned Greenbrier, W. Va., Shiloh, Tenn., the pursuit of Bragg, the battle of Stone River and others. After the close of the war Mr. Moore returned to Marshall county, and in 1866 he wedded Miss Ann Starkey, daughter of William D. and Nancy (Pugh) Starkey; the father a native of Pennsylvania, and the mother of North Carolina. Mrs. Moore was born In Marlon county, Ind., January 18, 1849, and died in this county January 3, 1877. Unto the above marriage were born these children: Eva,

Sarah, Lucy J. and Israel. In 1878 Mr. Moore married for a third wife, Sarah Low, who is still living. Mr. Moore is a member of the G. A. R., La Fayette Gordon post, No 123, of Argos; also a member of I. O. O. F., Argos lodge, No. 162. He is also a member of the Advent church, and is one of the representative citizens of the county.

Chasteen Pickerl was born in Virginia, October 7, 1808, and died in Marshall county, Ind., January 29, 1871. He was a son of Jonathan Pickerl, who was born in Virginia, of English lineage, and who became the progenitor of five children, namely: Hanson, Eliza, Rebecca, Chasteen and Lucinda. In an early day Jonathan Pickerl removed from Virginia, and settled in Holmes county, Ohio, where he remained till his death. He was a farmer by occupation, and with his wife, who was born of Holland-born parentage, belonged to the Methodist Episcopal church. Chasteen Pickerl was reared a farmer, to which his life was devoted, and in early life he learned the carpenter's trade to which he also gave considerable attention. At the age of twenty-two years he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Hughes, daughter of Hugh Hughes, born in Virginia, of Scotch descent. The daughter was also born in Virginia in 1S14, June 14, and came to Ohio with her parents in an early day. She died April 15, 1887. The marriage of Chasteen and Sarah Pickerl was consummated in Holmes county, Ohio, and was blessed by the birth of the following children: Elizabeth, Hugh, Jonathan, Aram, James B., Margaret J. Hagenbush, Sarah S. Ball, John and Chasteen. The parents left Ohio in an early day and came to Indiana, locating in Marshall county, in what is now Walnut township. Subsequently they settled about three miles west of the present site of Argos, where the father and sons cleared a homestead on which the parents resided until their respective deaths. These pioneers were both members of the Methodist Episcopal church from, early life until death, and were universally respected by all who knew them.

Hugh Pickerl was born in Holmes county, Ohio, December 29, 1834, and was reared and educated on a farm. He came to Marshall county with his parents, Chasteen and Sarah Pickerl, and has since been an honored resident of the same. He remained with his parents till past the age of twenty-one years, and at the age of twenty-two was united in marriage with Samantha Berry, who was born in Holmes county, Ohio, in which county her death also occurred. The marriage was blessed by the birth of the following offspring: Doria, Wilber (deceased) , and Frank M. Mr. Pickerl married for a second wife Cyntha Gordon, who has borne him one child, Austin. In early life Mr. Pickerl taught four terms of country school, teaching in winter and farming in summer. His career as a farmer was brief, and ended in 1867.

About 1868, with his brother Jonathan as a partner, he embarlced in general merchandising in Argos, which he continued till 1880, in which j^ear, in partnership with B. F. Taylor, he entered the grocery business. In 1885, on account of failing health, he abandoned the grocery trade, and for four years was out of business. September i, 1889, he was appointed postmaster of Argos, and is the present incumbent. In politics he is an ardent republican. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Argos, and also a member of the G. A. R., Lafaj'ette Gordon post. No. 132, of Argos. He enlisted as a private in Company F, Eightythird Indiana volunteer infantry, in September, 1864, and was discharged from Company E, Forty-eighth Indiana volunteer infantry, in August, 1865. As postmaster of Argos, he is assisted by his son, Frank M., who is a promising young man. Frank M. was given a common school education in the schools of Argos, and completed a liberal education by attending for two years the Purdue university of Greencastle. For four years he taught in the public schools of the county, achieving success in the profession. Like his father, he is an ardent republican in politics. He is a member of the Argos lodge, No. 212, K. of P., and also of the Argos lodge. No. 399, F. & A. M., of Plymouth chapter, No. 49, R. A. M., and Plymouth commandery. No. 26, K. T., and is a member of the Sons of Veterans, Gettysburg camp. No. 97, of Argos.

Elias Hicks Pocock, a citizen of Walnut township, is the subject of this biography. Daniel Pocock, his paternal grandfather, was born in England about 17 18, and at an early age emigrated to America, and in 1734 settled in what is now Harford county, Maryland. At Baltimore he heard of Eleanor Pocock, a native of England, who had emigrated with relatives in about i734,"but no relation could be traced, and in 1736 they were united in marriage. To their union there were born the following offspring: Saleni, Charity, Daniel, Nella, Uavid, Jesse, Mary, Elisia, Charlotte and Elijah. Before coming to this country Daniel Pocock was a soldier in the British army, and during the American revolution he was a tor}'. Notwithstanding his father's political loyalty to the king, the oldest son, Salem by name, became a colonial soldier, and served as captain of a company' during the war of independence. Daniel Pocock was a rich slave holder, and a farmer by occupation. His son, Elijah, the father of our subject, was born in Harford county, Md., in 1770, and died in Wayne county, Ohio, in 1863. He was raised on a farm. At about nineteen, he was placed in Washington county, Penn., to learn the blacksmith's trade. Here he became associated with a class of Quakers, to which faith he became converted, remaining faithful to the church of his choice until his death. Upon the death of his father he became heir to fourteen slaves and other property, but slavery not being in harmony with his views, these bondmen were accordingly liberated. Subsetjuently he became united in marriage with Catherine Hughes, who by the marriage became the mother of Daniel, Joseph, James, Elijah and Elizabeth. Some years after the mother's death Mr. Pocock wedded for a second wife, Grace Smith, who became the mother of the following children: Jabez, Eleanor, Cornelius, Elias, Robert, Rachel, William, David, Dudley and John. In about 1S19 Elijah Pocock became an early settler of Wayne county, Ohio, and there remained till he died. He cast his first presidential vote for Washington and his last for Lincoln. His son, Elias H., the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Wayne county, OTiio, May 10, 1S32. He was raised on a farm and given a liberal common school education, and remained on the farm with his father till past twenty-two years of age. At the age of twentyone he began the study of medicine. In 1S66 he graduated from the Charity Hospital medical college of Cleveland, Ohio, and in 1870, graduated from the Starling Medical college, of Columbus, Ohio. He then continued an active and successful practice up to 1S79, coming to Marshall county in 1S72, remaining in the count3^ being now located on a farm in Walnut township. He abandoned the medical profession for farming, which he has since followed as a matter of choice. He served as surgeon in the United States army from October, 1862, to September, 1864. In 1853 he was united in marriage with Mary A. Hinkle, who died after there were born three children, namely: Charles, Lee and Frank. In 1876 he married Mary A. Reddinger, who died after the birth of Grace and Rett. In 1883 he married his present wife, Mary E. Bowman. Dr. Pocock is a progressive citizen, a close student of the classics and sciences, and is one of the intelligent men of Marshall county.

William Railsback, the paternal great-grandfather of William Railsback, was Henry Railsba*k. Henry and wife, Margaret, were born in Germany, were married in their native country, and there the following children were born: Henry, Edward and Elizabeth. In May, 1765, the father, mother, and three children set sail for the American colonies, and later landed in Virginia, first stopping with a brother of the father, who had previously settled in Loudon county, that state, in 1760. Soon they proceeded to Rowan county, N. C, and settled on the Yadkin river, less than thirty miles from the Atlantic coast, where the following members of the family were born, namely: David, Mary, Daniel, Rose, Lydia and Annie. Of these children David was united in marriage with Sarah Stevens, of Virginia birth, and became the father of the following offspring: Enoch, Edward, William, Caleb, Mathew, Joel, David, Nathan, John, Mary, Judia and Sallie. The father of these children was born in 1768, and lived to the age of eighty-eight years, the mother dying at the age of eighty-five years. They came with their family to Indiana in 1807, and settled on White Water river, in Wayne county, locating in the woods, and at that time Indians were numerous iji the locality. Subsequently the parents removed to Marion county, where they died. Their son, Caleb, was born in North Carolina, July 7, 1805, and hence was but a child when brought to Indiana. Caleb grew to manhood in Indiana, and has continuously lived in this state. He was married in 1828, in Marion county, to Nancy Barnhill, a native of Butler county, Ohio, born in iSii, dying in Marshall county in 1875. Unto the above marriage were born: Sarah, William, David, Robert, Nathan, Hugh, Richard, Benjamin F., John, Joel, and Mary J. Railsback. The parents and children came to Marshall county in the fall of 1S46, and located in what is now Walnut township, where the mother died and where the father still resides at an advanced age. His life has been spent in farming, and as a pioneer of Marshall county, he is of the earliest and oldest now living to tell the story of the county's early history. His son, William, who is the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Marion county, Ind., December 3, 1S30. He was reared and educated on a farm, and farming, together with sawmilling, has been his principal occupation up to recent years. He came to the county with his parents in 1846, and has since remained in the county. In F'ebruary 3, 1853, he was united in marriage with Miss Melissa Brown, a native of Jefferson county, N. Y., and a daughter of Charles and Lucy (Conner) Brown, who came to this county with her parents in 1837. Unto the above marriage have been born the following children: Simon B., Diantha, Melissa J., Nancy M., John W. and Lucy E. Mr. and Mrs. Railsback are members of the Church of God, in Argos. Mr. Railsback has been associated with T. O. Taber since April 21, 1885, in the banking business in Argos. He is one of the representative business men and enterprising citizens of the county.

Jacob Shafer was born in Maryland, in 1794, and died in Marshall county, in 1854. He was of German ancestry, and emigrated from his native state in an early day, and located in Stark county, Ohio. Here he was united in marriage with Catherine Baum, who was born in Bucks county, Penn., in iSoo, dying in Marshall county, Ind., in 1890. The above marriage resulted in the birth of the following offspring: Polly, John, Henry, Daniel, David, Joseph, Rachel, Samuel, Elihu and Hannah Shafer. In 1848, the family left Ohio and came to Indiana, settling on a tract of land in section twenty-five, of Walnut township, Marshall county. The old homestead is now owned and occupied by Elihu Shafer. On this land had been built a log cabin by the former occupants of the land, into which the family removed and here began the struggle of pioneer life, under its many trials and privations. Six years later the father was called away by death, but the widowed mother and her children continued the unfinished work of the father, and on the homestead the. mother remained till she, too, was called above.

Samuel Shafer, a son of Jacob Shafer, was born in Stark county, Ohio, February 12, 1838, and was reared on a farm, where his work of life has been principally done. He came with his parents to this county in 1848, and has since resided in the county. In early life he worked at whatever work he could get to do, as a day laborer, and March 25, 1S58, he was married unto Mary Ellen Dawson, and soon thereafter settled in life on a farm. Mrs. Shafer is a daughter of Ranyard and Lucretia (Holland) Dawson, the former a native of Virginia, the latter of Ohio. In an early day they settled in Hancock county, Ind., later in Fayette county. Mrs. Samuel Shafer was born September 23, 1837. One daughter, Alice by name, has been born unto Mr. and Mrs. Shafer, who are both members of the Christian church, and are highly respected by a large number of friends.

Elihu Shafer, a son of Jacob Shafer, was born in Stark county, Ohio, February 19, 1838, and was reared on a farm, and farming has been his life occupation. He came to this county with his parents, and has since made this county his residence. October 17, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Forty-sixth Indiana volunteer infantry, and was discharged at Louisville, Ky., September 12, 1S65, as a veteran. Among some of the engagements in which he participated may be mentioned, the battles at New Madrid, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow, Memphis, St. Charles, Vicksburg, Sabine Cross Roads and others. At the last named engagement he was captured, but subsequently was paroled and exchanged and then ordered on to Louisville on provost duty. At the close of war he returned home and has since been engaged in farming. May 2, 1873, he married Mrs. Elizabeth Stroup, /ice Miss Elizabeth Dawson, who is a sister of Mrs. Samuel Shafer. She was born in Fayette county, Ind., February 14, 1842. Unto her first marriage there were born two children, William A. and Charles D.; her marriage with Mr. Shafer has resulted in the birth of two children, Cora E. and Herbert F. Mr. Shafer is a member of the G. A. R., Lafayette Gordon post, No. 132, of Argos, and in politics a staunch republican, and is both a representative farmer and citizen.

Fred Shaffer was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, near Dayton, March 10, 1832, and is a son of John and Catherine (Oldlinger) Shaffer, the father a native of old Virginia, and the mother of Pennsylvania. John Shaffer was a son of Frederick Shaffer, a native of Virginia, and of German descent, and Mrs.

Shaffer was a daughter of George Oldlinger, a native of Pennsylvania. Their marriage resulted in the birth of five sons and threedaughters. The father was a farmer by occupation, and was a very large man, weighing a few pounds less than 500. He died in 1853 at the age of sixtj' vears. The mother, who is now beyond the advanced age of eighty-five years, resides in Iowa. Fred Shaffer was reared on a farm, and at the early age of fifteen, took up carpentering as a life work, which trade he has since followed. He is a skillful mechanic, and has the reputation of being one of the most competent builders in this part of the country, doing all kinds of work from the simplest framing, up to the highest form of architecture. He has through life, been in some way, identified with farming, always residing on a farm. October 17, 1857, he was united in marriage with Elizabeth Brumback, born July 24, 1837, in Wayne county, Ohio, where the marriage was consummated. To this marriage have been born: Annie Mary, Laura E., William B., Enos L., Armedia A., Mahala; Sarah E., deceased; Charles A., deceased; Nelson F. and Mina F. For a short time after their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Shaffer resided in Iowa, but later, returned to Wayne county, Ohio, where they continued until the fall of i860, when they located in Marshall countj', Ind. They now reside in Walnut township, near Argos, and are among the representative citizens of the county. In their religious faith, Mr. Shaffer is a Lutheran, while Mrs. Shaffer is a Dunkard. September 4, 1864, Mr.Shaffer became a private in the United States army, from which he was honorably discharged May 5, 1865. He is a member of the G. A. R., Lafayette Gordon post. No. 132, Argos, Ind., and of the Argos lodge. No. 399, F. & A. M. In politics Mr. Shaft'er is a staunch democrat.

Marquis L. Smith, who is among the earliest settlers of Marshall count}', came to the county in March of 1843, and settled in what was then a part of Green township, but now known as Walnut township. He was born in Nicholas county, K}-., on July 25, 1817, and is the son of Hezekiah and Mary Ann (Rector) Smith. The father was of Scotch descent, but of Virginia birth, in which state the mother was also born. They were married in Virginia, where their parents had made their home, and from that state removed to Nicholas county, Ky., where eleven children were born, viz.: Elizabeth, Susan, Debrah, Daniel, Peter, Hezekiah, Jr., Nancy, Simeon, Miles C, Caralton, Marquis L. In 1822 the parents and their eleven children came to Indiana and settled in Marion county, where they continued to reside till called away by death, the father dying in 1824, at the age of s'::-/-one years, and the mother in 1836, at the age of sixty-one ye? -s. The father was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, under the commandery of Gen. Washington, and for forty- five j^ears of his life was a minister of the gospel in the Methodist Episcopal church. Marquis L. Smith was but five years old when his parents came to Indiana, and hence was mainly reared in this state. He was educated in the early country schools, which gave but a poor chance for an education, but by an active life and through the avenues of books and papers he has since become conversant with subjects of general interest. In 1837, in Marion county, this state, he embarked in the mercantile business, but because of a general depression in business of that year, he, with many others, sustained a failure, and it was some six years later that he cast his lot in Marshall county, where he has since resided. In 1843 (August), he married Cyntha Bliven, born in Rush county, Ind., the daughter of Edward and Famar Bliven. Soon after his marriage Mr. Smith settled on his present homestead, where he has since lived. He has been engaged in farming, and for many years kept the only hotel in Argos, his hotel being the first of the place, and the origin of the town of Argos. He is extensively known, because of being the landlord that had given headquarters to so many weary travelers. For over thirty years he has been an active and zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He has filled many positions of honor and trust. Throughout life he has been in politics either a whig or republican. He voted for Gen. W. H. Harrison in 1S40, and was one of the delegates to the organization of the republican party in Indiana, and has since been an active worker in the party. He is a Master Mason of Argos lodge. No. 399; became a member of the Plymouth, No. 149, some thirty years ago.

Frederick Stair was born in Cumberland county, Penn., March 5, 1822. John Stair, his paternal grandfather, was a native of Scotland, which country he left at an early day, emigrating with his family to America and settling in Cumberland county, Penn., where he followed farming and blacksmithing. He lived a long and useful life, was twice married, raised a large family, and died in the country of his adoption leaving a valuable estate. His son Jacob, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Cumberland county, Penn., November 28, 1786, and died in Ohio in 1883. He was married to Anna Stahl, and had a family consisting of the following children: Williarn, Elizabeth, Jacob, Daniel (deceased), John, Mary, Peter, Levi, Frederick, Daniel, Priscilla and Malinda. Jacola Stair moved from his native state in the spring of 1829, and settled in Wayne county, Ohio, where our subject grew to manhood, working on the farm with his father until past twenty-two years of age. At this time he began the study of veterinary surgery, and subsequently took a six months' course, and still later graduated from the Philadelphia veterinary college. Desiring to obtain a still more thorough knowledge of the profession, he afterward attended an institute at Toronto, Canada, where he completed his studies and became one of the most thorough veterinary surgeons in the country. Being thoroughly equipped for the practice he traveled extensively for several years, operating in over eighteen states, and performing some of the most difficult surgical operations with admirable skill. In 1849 he was united in marriage to Mary Downer, who departed this life one year later. In 1S50 he settled on a farm in Wayne county, Ohio, where, on March 20th of the following year, he married his present wife, Mrs. McCoy, whose maiden name was Alleman. To this union have been born six children, viz.: Anna, Jacob, Maria, Carrie, Isadore and Emma. Soon after his marriage Mr. Stair removed from Ohio to Indiana, and located in Walnut township, Marshall county, where he purchased 585 acres of land, and began farming upon an extensive scale. He is the founder of the town of Walnut, having laid out the place soon after coming to the county. Recently he removed into Walnut township from the township of Green, where he had resided for a number of years, and in which he had served as trustee, besides filling other official positions. Mr. Stair is a representative citizen, a staunch democrat, and a man widely and favorably known throughout this and adjoining counties.

Asa St. John, one of the oldest citizens of Walnut township, was born in Ontario county, N. Y., September 18, 1813, and is a son of Peries and Mary (Talbert) St. John, both natives of New York, born near Cazenova. The marriage of the parents was consummated in York state, and resulted in the birth of the following children: Harlow, Peries, Betsie, Charles, Asa, Edward and James. After their marriage the parents continued to reside in their native state till 1S26, when they removed to Michigan, where they resided till their deaths occurred. Asa St. John was reared on a farm, received a limited education in the early subscription schools, but being of a naturally shrewd and observing nature he acquired, by experience, a practical knowledge of the world and of business that has served him in lieu of an education. He is now one of the foremost farmers of Walnut township, owning a well-improved farm of 212 acres. He began life a poor man and has gained prosperty through industry and hard toil. He has resided in Marshall county since 1837, a period of over a half century. February 7, 1839, he was united in marriage with Lucinda Roberts, born in Kentucky, March 12, 1810, dying in this county, October 27, 1870. The above marriage resulted in the birth of three children, namely: Sarah J., born November 20, 1839; Rebecca, born May 16, 1843, and Albert R., born March 24, 1845. Our subject has lived a long and active life. Though not a member of any church, he is a sober, moral and honest man in the daily walks of life. He is an ardent advocate of the temperance cause, and though not a Christian in name is a believer in the existence of a Supreme Ruler. He has lead a quiet and peaceful life; has never had a law-suit, and has so lived that he has gained the universal esteem of a wide acquaintance.

T. O. Taber was born in this county, November 25, 1856, and is a son of Cyrus and Rachel (Plake) Taber. The father was the first white child born in Marshall county. The date of his birth was June 26, 1833. He was a son of Samuel D. Taber, who was among the very first settlers of Marshall county, and was a farmer by occupation, and took an active part in the improvements inaugurated during his life. Cyrus was reared on the farm, and for a life occupation chose farming. November 15, 1853, he was united in marriage with Rachel Plake, daughter of John and Nancy Plake, early settlers and highly respected citizens of Marshall county. To the above union were born five sons and one daughter. T. O. Taber, the immediate subject of this biography, was reared on a farm, and received a liberal education in the schools of Plymouth, supplementing the same by a commercial course at Valparaiso, Ind. October 18, 1879, he was married to Melissa J. Railsback, daughter of William Railsback, of Marshall county, a union blessed with the birth of four children, namely: Setta, Earl, Gracie, and Cyrus. For three years after his marriage, Mr. Taber followed farming, and in 1883 began merchandising at Plymouth, being actively engaged up to 1885, when he located in Argos, Ind., and formed a partnership with William Railsback in the banking business. He and Mr. Railsback have since continued to operate the Argos Exchange bank. Mr. Taber and his brother, J. H. Taber, also operate the Citizens' Bank of Mentone, Ind. Mr. Taber and wife are members of the Church of God of Argos, and he is a member of the Argos lodge, No. 212, K. of P.

George Van Dorston, the subject of this sketch, is a farmer and citizen of Walnut township, and was born in Wayne county, Ohio, April 4, 1S28. His paternal grandfather, Samuel Van Dorston, was a native of Holland. It is told that Samuel on one occasion was provoked by the king of Holland, whom he struck and knocked down, in consequence of which he was arrested and placed under guard, to which guard at night, he gave liquor so that he became intoxicated. Taking advantage of the guard's helpless condition, Mr. Van Dorston gained his freedom and secreting himself on board a vessel almost ready to set sail for America, he remained hidden until the ship was far out at sea. Upon being asked his name he gave it as Van Dorston, changing it from Dorston. Subsequently he married and settled in the southern part of Ohio. He was the father of the following child- ren: Henry, Jacob, Samuel, Rudolph, Herman and three daughters. Of these Samuel was united in marriage with Mary Flickinger, a native of Pennsylvania. The marriage was blessed by the birth of the following children: Matilda, Leah, Levi, George, John, Harmon, and Cornelius. Soon after marriage the parents settled in Wayne county, Ohio. In after years the father died in St. Joseph county, Mich., while the mother died in Indiana. Their son George, the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared on a farm and given a limited education. In early life he learned and followed blacksmithing, but has done much farming. In Wayne county, Ohio, August 5, 1S51, he was united in marriage with Catherine Keifer, also a native of Wayne county, born August i, 1S28. Unto the above union have been born, Alvin W., Lydia E., Mary E., Barbara A.; Caroline, deceased; Clary U., and Marion W., deceased. In i860 Mr. and Mrs. Van Dorston left Ohio and came to Indiana, and settled in Marshall county, where they have since remained. Our subject, though given a limited education, has through the avenues of books and papers become conversant on subjects of general interest. He is a natural mechanic and has made much study of machinery. He, with his son, Alvin W., are joint patentees of a promising steam boiler which they invented a few years since. His son is the inventor and patentee of the Van Dorston car coupler, that has proven a marvelous success. Mr. Van Dorston is indeed one of the representative and progressive citizens of the county, and is entitled to much praise, for he began in the struggle of life with no capital and under adverse circumstances, and through industry and honesty has grown prosperous and well respected.

Hiram Vanvactor, one of the pioneers of Marshall, settled in the county near Argos, in August, 1845. He had visited the county in 1837, and purchased a homestead in the north part of what is now Walnut township, where he now resides. He was born in Union county, Ind., November 29, 1817, and is a son of Joseph and Sarah (Burt) Vanvactor, the father of Virginia birth and German lineage, and the mother a native of Pennsylvania. Unto them were born: David, Hiram, Cyrus, Hannah, Maria, Sarah and Emily. The marriage of Joseph and Sarah Vanvactor was consummated in Pennsylvania, and soon after their marriage, emigrated to Indiana, and settled in an early daj^ in Union county. Hiram Vanvactor was reared and educated on a farm, and has always resided on a farm. He was married August 3, 1845, wedding Catherine Buck, a native of Preble county, Ohio. Unto this marriage have be-^n bnrn Cyrus, deceased; John, David, A. Lincoln, Tyner; Tilman, deceased; Sarah, Malissa, Emily and Martha. Mr. Vanvactor begun life a poor man but is now prosperous, and enjoys the esteem of a wide acquaintance. He has

Oliver J. Warner, the popular proprietor of the Argos livery stable, was born in Elkhart county, Ind., December 5, 1S61, and is a son of Jacob and Margaret (VVilhelm) Warner. Jacob Warner was born in Franklin county. Ind., March 5, 1S28, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Cook) Warner, the former of Dutch, the latter of Irish, descent. In 1852 Jacob wedded Margaret Wilhelm, born August 10, 1830, in Ohio, of Dutch descent. The marriage resulted in the birth of the following children: Sarah E., Francis, Oliver J., and Cora and Nora (twins). The family have resided in Marshall county since iS63,and the father, who is a farmer by occupation, is now a citizen of Argos. Oliver J. was reared on a farm and remained with his parents till past twenty-five years of age. In January, of 1887, he began business in Argos, and he now has a well-stocked livery, feed and sale stable, and always has on hand good rigs, single and double, and gives special attention to the commercial trade. Mr. Warner was united in marriage in 1886 with Miss Hattie Taylor, daughter of Jordon Taylor, who was killed in the civil war as a Union soldier. Mrs. Warner was born in Marshall county, and by her marriage has become the mother of two children. Mr. Warner is a live and energetic business man and is a member of the Argos lodge. No. 212, K. of P.

James H. Watson was born in Wellsville, Columbiana county, Ohio, November 15, 1848. He is a son of John S. and Bathsheba (Hull) Watson. The father, a native of Ohio, born in 1828, and was a son of Jacob Watson, a native of Pennsylvania, and a son of an English emigrant, who came to the colonies a short time prior to the American revolution, at the conclusion of which he settled in Pennsylvania. Jacob Watson settled about the year 1808, in Ohio, where John S. Watson was born, reared and married, weddmg Miss Bathsheba Hull. The marriage resulted in the birth of the following offspring: Robert E., William H., James H., Daniel D., Samuel S., Charles M., Edward R., Benjamin F. and Anna A. The three oldest sons and father were Union soldiers in the civil war. James H., the immediate subject of this sketch, enlisted as a private in March of 1865, and was discharged in the following December. From the age of thirteen years up to enlistment, he had worked at the printer's trade, and at the close of the war he resumed the trade and has since followed the same. In 1882, he located at Argos, where he purchased the Ar^os Reflector, a non-political -and weekly paper, of which he has since been editor and proprietor. Mr. Watson was married in Ohio, in 1871, to Mary Rosenberry, a native of Ohio, who was born in 1851. To this marriage have been born the following children: John H., Jenette, (deceased), 18 - B.

Homer, Frank, Howard (deceased), and Mildred. Mr. and Mrs. Watson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, to which they have both belonged since early youth. Mr. Watson is a member of the Lafayette Gordon post, No. 132, G. A. R., of Argos. He is progressive, and as an editor he has ability and enterprise, and before him lies a bright future.

Willis Whisman, a native of Rush county, Ind., was born April I, 1836. He is a son of Michael and Diademia (Spurgeon) Whisman, the father a native of Virginia, and the mother of Kentucky, both of German lineage. To these parents there were born five children, namely: Nancy (deceased) , Lavina, Willis, Thomas, and Mary. In an early day the parents settled in Rush county, this state, and in about 1857 they settled in Marshall county, where the father died in 1885, aged seventy-^ight years, the mother's death also occurred in this county. The father was a farmer by occupation, and was a sturdy pioneer of the county. In politics he was a staunch democrat. He and wife were members of the Christian church, and were universally respected by many friends. Willis Whisman is one of the foremost farmers of Walnut township, and his life has been spent on a farm. February 16, i860, he was united in marriage with Miss Lavina T. Gordon, daughter of Sandford and Sarah (Wright) Gordon. The father, a son of Robert Gordon, was born in Ohio, January i, 1S08, and died a citizen of Marshall county, Ind., December 20, 1881. Sarah, his wife, was born in Virginia, February 25, 181 1, and now resides with our subject and his wife. She is of German and Irish descent. Unto her marriage with Sandford Gordon, there were born the following offspring: Francis, Sarah J., John, Elizabeth, Romania, Lavina T., Cordelia, Isaac, Samuel, and William. The parents were married in Ohio in 1832, and one year later located in Wayne county, Ind., later in Fulton county, and in the early fifties located in Marshall county. The father was for many years a school teacher, but during .his later days followed farming. He and wife became members of the Methodist Episcopal church at an early date, he died a faithful member of the church, and she remains one. Their daughter, now Mrs. Whisman, was born in Wayne county, Ind., September 22, 1839, and by her marriage with Mr. Whisman, she has become the mother of the following children: William D., Luella E., Willis W., Reason E., Clinton D., and Herbert P. Mr. and Mrs. Whisman are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and enjoy a high social standing.

J. M. Wickizer, a resident of Walnut township, was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, February 23, 1831, and is a son of John B. and Annie (Brooke) Wickizer. The father was born in Pennsylvania in 1803, and died in Fairfield county, Ohio, in 1843. He was a son of Andrew and Mary (Bennett) Wickizer. Andrew

Wickizer, who was a native of Pennsylvania, was one of four sons, namely: Abraham, Conrad, Jacob and Andrew, born of German-born parentage, the parents emigrated to Pennsylvania from Germany in an early day. Andrew and Mary Wickizer had born unto them the following offspring: Asa, William, John B., Conrad, Rebecca, Lydia, Wealthy, Hannah, Rhoda, Mary, Rosanna, Sallie and Elizabeth. In a very early day, Andrew Wickizer and family emigrated to Ohio and settled in Fairfield county, where he died in 1844, aged seventy-five years. He was a farmer by occupation, and a Master Mason. John B. Wickizer was united in marriage with Annie Brooke, and became the father of the following children: Hannah, George W., Thomas J., James M., Andrew J., John O., Jacob S., Sarah J. and Pulaski, The father died in 1843, and soon after the death, the widowed mother and her children determined to move to Indiana. In the fall they came to this state and settled in Marshall county, where the mother died in 1879, aged seventy-six years. James M., our subject, was not of age when he came to this county with his mother. His youth was spent on a farm, and in his native county he gained a fair education in the Greenfield academy. He came to Marshall county in the fall of 1850, and in the winter of that year, began school teaching in the district schools of the count)', and afterward taught some nine or ten successful terms In March, i860, he entered general merchandising in Argos, where he continued a successful business until 1882, when, on account of ill-health, he suspended business and removed on his present farm near the town where he has since resided. April 7, 1861, he wedded Miss Rebecca Williams, who became the mother of six children, after which her death occurred. These are the children born unto the marriage: George, Albert, Corben W., Frank, Richard and Samantha. November 7, 1878, Mr. Wickizer married for a second wife, Alice Haines, unto whom a son, named Elmer Otis, was born, and then her death occurred in 1883. Mr. Wickizer is a well respected citizen, a self-made man, a member of the Christian church, and a demitted member of the Argos lodge. No. 399, F. & A. M.

Thomas J. Worthington was born in La Porte county, Ind., October 6, 1842. He is a son of William Worthington, who was born in Fleming county, Ky., January 30, 1820, of Scotch ancestry. William Worthington, with his then widowed mother and others of her children, left Kentucky and removed to Rush county, Ind., in 1838, and later, in 1840, removed to Jackson county, Mo. In 1842 William returned to Rush county and wedded Matilda Heaten (iicc Eagan), who was born in Fleming county, Ky. The marriage resulted in the birth of the following children: Thomas J., George W., Doctor F., Evaline and Sarah A.

For thirteen years after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Worthington resided in La Porte county, where Mr. Worthington followed farming. In 1855 they settled in Marshall county, near Argos, where the father died June 13, 18S8. He was a good and worthy citizen, a prosperous and practical farmer, and a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His widow still survives and resides with her children in the county. Thomas J., the immediate subject of this sketch, was reared and educated on a farm. He worked on the farm with his father till past twentyone years of age, and then he went westward, and during the years '64 and '65 drove, for a United States government contractor, teams across the great plains. His e.xperience on the plains was severe and dangerous, and attended with many hardships and perilous risks, such as only a man of courage and bravery could go through. In 1866 he returned to Marshall county, and in 1868, October 18, wedded Susan Jordon, a daughter of Benoni Jordon, a pioneer settler of the county. Unto the above marriage there have been born four sons and one daughter. Mr. Worthington is a practical and successful farmer, owning a good farm of 142 acres, and is one of the leading citizens of Walnut township.

A. N. Yoast, a farmer and stock-raiser of Walnut township, was born in Henry county, Ind., April 19, 1835, ^"d is a son of Isaac and Susannah (Collinsworth) Yoast. The father, a native of Virginia, was born August 29, 1808, and died in Cincinnati, Ohio, December 19, iSschis death having occurred while he was on his return home to Henry county, Ind., from California. He was a son of Jacob and Esther (Slusheri Yoast, both parents natives of Virginia, the father of German parentage, was born September 19, 1784, and the mother was born March 20, 1777. These parents were blessed in their marriage by the birth of the following offspring: Susannah, Abraham, Isaac, Elizabeth, Jacob, John and Polly. In an earl^' day the parents emigrated to Ohio and settled in Preble county, and there died. In this county, August 8, 1S31, Isaac Yoast and Susannah Collinsworth were united in marriage. Susannah was the daughter of John Collinsworth, and was born of V'irginia parentage in Preble county, Ohio, June 1, 1812, and died in Henry county, Ind., April 4, 1S51. Unto the above marriage there were born the following offspring: Cassander, Currenah, Anderson, Clementine, Hazzard, Josephine, Malsona A., Climenamus, Morgan and Clarry. The father was a farmer by occupation, and soon after their marriage settled in Henry county, Ind., which continued to be their residence until their respective deaths. Anderson N. Yoast, the immediate subject of this biography, was reared on a farm and received a limited education in the country schools. At an early age he lost his parents, and when but fifteen years old he was thrown upon his own resources for support. In Henr}' county, Ind., December 17, 1857, his marriage was consummated with Mary Littleton, a native of the above county, born August 28, 1842. In 1859 Mr. and Mrs. Yoast became citizens of Walnut township, Marshall county. Here Mr. Yoast from a poor man has grown to be one of the foremost farmers of the count}'. He has held several positions of trust among his fellow townsmen, and served one term as their township trustee. In politics he is a staunch republican. He is a member of the Argos Masonic lodge, No. 399.