Randolph County, Indiana - Chapter 7: Officers, 1914 (part 1 of 4)

Chapter 7: Officers

One ot the first provisions after the state was organized, was to provide for the transacting of the county business by a Board of County Commissioners, to be elected by the people. The method of procedure in the organization of a county has been explained in the chapter on "county organization." Under this act the first commissioners of the county were :

We have no records of the county commissioners from 1820 to 1825. On the 31st of January, 1824, there were two acts approved by the Legislature, relative to county business. One was that, "each county in the state, a board of commissioners for transacting county business, to consist of three cjualified electors, any two of whom shall be competent to do business, to be elected by the c|ualified electors of the several counties respectively, one of whom shall be elected annually, to continue in ofiice three years, and until their successors are chosen and cjualified. Sec. 2. At the first election, in pursuance of this act, there shall be elected three commissioners ; the person having the highest number of votes, shall serve three years ; the person having the next highest number of votes, shall serve two years ; and the person having the next highest number of votes, shall serve one year ; but if two or more shall be equal in number, their grade shall be determined by lot, and at all subsequent elections, where there shall be more than one vacancy, the term of service of the person elected, shall be determined by the same rule." This indeed, is a very strange procedure of the Legislature, because "This act shall take effect and be in force until the first day of September next, and no longer."

"Sec. I. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, That there shall be a county board of justices established, in each and every county in this state, for the purpose of transacting county business; to be composed of the justices of the peace of the respective counties, who shall meet together and organize themselves, agreeably to the provisions of this act ; and after being organized as aforesaid, shall be known and considered in fact, law, and equity, a body politic and corporate, by and under the name and style of "The board of justices of the county of "; and as such, and by and under such name and style, may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, defend and be defended, answer and be answered unto, in any court of justice whatever; and to do and transact all manner of business on behalf of their respective counties, that may be assigned them from time to time by law'; and in all cases where the county may, or shall have been injured in its goods, chattels, lands, tenements, rights, credits, and effects, or contracts, such board of justices, shall by and under their corporate name and style (without setting out any of their individual names), bring such suit or suits, action or actions, either in law or in equity, as they may deem best calculated to obtain redress for any such injury, in the same way and manner, that a private individual might, could or would do ; and in all cases where any person or persons, now have, or hereafter may have any claim, of any name or nature, against any county, suit may be brought thereupon in any court of law or equity, against such board of justices, in their corporate capacity aforesaid, and judgment and execution had thereon, as in other cases.

Ses. 2. It shall be the duty of each and every justice of the peace, to meet at the places of holding courts in their respective counties, on the first Monday of September next, and then and there proceed to organize themselves into a county board of justices, by electing some one of their body as president of such court, and causing their names to be entered in the record book of the county, as members of such board : Provided however, that in all cases where the circuit court shall be in session in any county in this state, on the first Monday of September next, it shall be the duty of the justices of the peace in such county, to meet on the Monday succeeding the term of said court, and perform the duties required by the foregoing provisions of this section.

Sec. 3. That the justice so elected as president, shall serve as such, for and during the term of one year, and until another shall be elected. It shall be his duty to sign all their proceedings, and pronounce the decisions of the court.

Sec. 5. The clerks of the circuit courts shall by virtue of their office attend the meetings of the county board of justices, and keep a record of their proceedings, and do such other business, as shall be required by law ; and the sheriff of the county, shall also by himself or deputy, attend said board and execute their orders.

ber session in each 3'ear, to make out a fair and accurate statement of the receipts and expenditures of the county for that year, and have the same set up at thC' court house door, or pubHshed in some newspaper printed in the county.

Sec. 7. The county board of justices, shall, at their January session in each year, appoint a suitable number of listers, constables, overseers of the poor, inspectors of elections, superintendents of school sections, fence viewers, a county treasurer, and a pound keeper; 'knd it shall be their duty at other meetings, to fill all vacancies that may happen in any of their appointments.

Sec. 8. It shall be the duty of the county board of justices, at their May session in each year, to receive and inspect the listers books, and levy a county tax according to law, and cause their clerks to make out a duplicate for collection accordingly : Provided, however. That it shall require five members of said board to constitute a quorum to do business, at their May and November sessions ; and in all cases when a quorum shall not attend, such as do attend, shall adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of absent members.

Sec. II. Transferred the authority from the board of county commis- - sioners to the county board of justices, "after the said first Monday of September next.

Sec. 13. That justices of the peace shall, from and after the first Monday of September next, be exempt from militia duty, and serving on juries, and from working on roads and public highways, for a capitation tax, and shall receive no other pay for any of the duties enjoined upon them by this act.

Board Of Justices

Agreeably to an act of the Legislature of 1830, the board of justices in the Mav term, 1831, divided the county into three districts as follows : (26)

"All that part lying east of the section line dividing sections 15 & i6 ,in the 14th range to be the first district and all that part lying west of the said line dividing sections 15 & 16 to the line dividing sections 15 & 16 in range 13 to be the second district and all that part west of said section line dividing sections 15 & 16 in the thirteenth range to be the third district."

"At a Randolph board of commis^oners began and held at the court house in and for the county of Randolph on Monday the 5th day of September, 1 83 1, present William Macy who produced a certificate of having been duly elected county commissioner for the county aforesaid for and during the term of three years and John James also appeared and produced a certificate of having been duly elected county commissioner for the county aforesaid for and during the term of two years who were severally qualified into office and took their seats."

Later in the meeting, "Elias Kizer appeared and produced a certificate of having been duly elected county commissioner for said county for and during the term of one year from this date who was duly qualified and took his seat."

The population of the county at this time having increased more rapidly in some parts than others, lead the commissioners to redistrict the county by the following order :

"Now at this time the Board of County Comrs. considering that the former districting of the county in County Comrs. districts as said districts are nof inhabited, having become unequaled in population. It is now therefore ordered by the Board of County Commissioners that the territory included in the following boundary compose the first commissioners in said county towit the territory included in the townships of Jackson, Wayne and Greens Fork County Commissioners District No. two to be composed of the territory lying west of No. one and east of a line commencing on the south line of the county line between sections fifteen and sixteen township eighteen north of range thirteen east, running thence north through the county to the N. W. cor. of sec. four township twenty-one north of range thirteen east, and county Comrs. District No. three to be composed of the territory Lying west of Xo. two and east of the county line."

In 1871, the districts became known as the Eastern, Middle and Western. At least in the December term of that year, Thomas Clevenger filed his certificate of election as commissioner from the Middle district. These districts remained with these boundaries until recently when the east line was changed to the line running north from the Wayne county line, between sections 13 and 14 east.

Randolph, County, Indiana. 4O7 House Of Representatives

1826 - Samuel Hanna (Allen), Randolph, Allen, and all the territory north of Madison and Hamilton counties to the Wabash not attached elsewhere.

Probate Judges

A\'illiam Edwards, associate judge ; John Wright, associate judge ; John Sample, associate judge. James T. Liston, sole judge. 1831-33; Zachariah Puckett, sole judge, 1833-34; Smith Elkins, sole judge, 1834-36; E. B. Goodrich, sole judge, 1836-42 ;Beattic McClelland, sole judge, 1842-49; George Debolt, sole judge, 1849-51.

Probate business was done at first by the associate judges, then by a single judge, afterward by the court of common pleas until that court was discontinued, and since that time by the circuit court.

Judges Common Pleas Court

The court of common pleas was abolished (as also the probate court had been), and the business of both was transferred to the circuit court, by which it is still transacted.

Court Of Common Pleas

The prosecuting attorneys for that court were William Moorman, elected 1852; J. J. Cheney. 1854; E. L. Watson, 1856, 1858, 1862; Thomas J. Hosford, i860; J. E. Mellette, John J. Hawkins.

Moorman Way, Samuel D. Woodworth, Jeremiah Smith, C. S. Goodrich, Edmund B. Goodrich, Anderson D. Way, Thomas C. Puckett, Enos "L. Watson, Pleasant Hiatt, Charles Jaqua, Phinehas Pomery, Ephraim C. Hiatt, Michael C. Gafifey, 1880; A. M. Russell, elected in 1882; Charles C. Yunker, 1884 to 1888; J. Ellsworth Hinshaw, 1888 to 1892; Miles C. Coble, 1892 to 1894; Jacob E. Hinshaw, 1894 to 1900; Alonzo L. Wright, 1900 to 1909; Arthur B. Purdy, 1909 to present time.

Prosecuting Attorneys

The first prosecuting attorney was James Rariden, appointed by the court. After him, at various times, were Bethuel Morris, John Gilmore, Lot Bloomfield, Oliver H. Smith, Amos Lane, Charles H. Test, Martin M. Ray, James Perry, William J. Brown, Caleb B. Smith, Samuel W. Parker, Jeremiah Smith, Andrew Kennedy, Jehu T. Elliott, John Brownlee (up to October,

Drainage Commissioners School Examiners

The first county superintendent was Charles W. Paris, elected in 1873, and was succeeded by Daniel Lesley, in 1875. H. W. Bowers, elected in 1883; J. W. Denney, 1887, and served ten years, when Charles W. Paris was again elected and served until 1907, when the present incumbent, Lee L. Driver, was elected.

Chaptkr Viii Military

Randolph county not being entered by settler until 1814 could not of course have had any soldiers in either the Revolutionary War or the War of 1812.

It was only a few of the most adventurous of Revolutionary soldiers who pierced the great unbroken west through the spirit of adventure or of home seeking.

Those who had the spirit of adventure merely went from place to place stopping here and there and settling nowhere. Those who left the eastern colonies in search of fortune or homes came into the west and settled in Ohio or Tennessee and it was only the most venturesome that moved the second time and came from those two states into Indiana. It is impossible at this remote period to know who these heroes were or the motives that brought them froin the civilization of the east to the wilds of what was then the extreme west, however, it is known that a few of these old men, for indeed they were old at the time of the organization of Randolph county, did enter this county, here to find a home in peace and happiness for the remainder of their days.

Being used to hardships and privations the new settlements offered no inconveniences or hardships which they were unwilling to endure. The only record we have of these heroes today is the little marker that stands at the head of the grave and in some cases these markers have been destroyed or removed.

In 1840 the county within its boundary had at least seven Revolutionary soldiers, who were drawing pension.s as such. In that year, 1840, there were Samuel Ambrom {"Amburn), age 79; Drummond Smithson, age 85, who lived at Stoney Creek township; Robert Lumpkin, age 84, lived in Nettle Creek; Wm. Fitzjerrel (Fitzgerald), age 97, in Washington: Chris Bordders, 79, Greensfork; Joseph Chandler, age 87, and Elias Porter, age 84, of Jackson township. The above list is taken from the official census of pensioMcrs for 1840, and from that it would seem that no Rexolutionary soldiers' widows were living in this county.

A Mr. McKinney, father of Anthony McKinney, of Green township, is buried at Fairview. He Hved in this county but a short time. He had fought at Germantown and Brandywine and was such an admirer of Anthony Wayne that he named his oldest son, Anthou}'.

Mr. Fitzgerald, mentioned above, lived to the ripe old age of one hundred five years, one month and fifteen days and even at that old age died through the effects of an accident. He had maintained his strength and vitality up to the time of his untimely death and did much manual labor in spite of the fact he was blind. His death was caused from a fall off of a load of oats and in the fall struck a log projecting from the corner of the stable. It is sad indeed that a man should come to such an untimely ending after having faced the enemy in defense of himself and liberty through such a war as the Revolutionary.

The Indian AA'ar of 1789-95 brought a great many people into Indiana and a few in the near neighborhood of Randolph county. No doubt a few of these Indian fighters settled in Randolph county having been a.ttracted here by the fertility of the soil and the cheapness of the land. They had become acquainted with this part of the country during the year 1793-94-95 at which time the treaty of peace was signed at Greenville, Ohio. The great majority of the earliest settlers however were either Quakers or in direct sympathy with the Quakers, hence, were conscientiously opposed to war and we would expect but few of the early settlers to have participated in military affairs.

One of the "Indian Fighters" was David Thompson who served as a corporal under Mad Anthony from 1792 to 1795. John Martin, born in 1773, was with St. Clair and Wayne in 1795 and with Harrison at Tippecanoe and the Thames and with Colonel Crogan at Ft. Stephenson. Mr. Martin came to Randolph county in 1822 but removed from this county to Missouri where he died in 1839.

Benj. Cummins was in the War of 1812 and lived near Salem; John Ruby, lived in Union City; Jacob Johnson, lived in Jackson township; a man by the name of Nunnamaker, lived in Jackson ; Chas. W. Thomas, lived in Greensfork township; Walter Ruble, of the Ohio militia; Wm. Rash,

John Irvin, David Riddlebarger, Virginia militia; John Gnibbs, Ohio mihtia; Samuel Barker, Vermont militia; Mrs. Eleanor Ruby, widow of John Ruby; Rebecca Harris, widow of Wm. Harris; Polly Marquis, widow of Kid Marquis; Mrs. Lacey, widow of^Mr. Lacey; Mrs. Mary A. Paschall, widow of Jesse Q. Paschall, Pennsylvania militia; Mrs. Sarah Bussear, widow of Martin Bussear; Mrs. Elizabeth Ann Poyner, widow of Peter Poyner, Ohio militia; Mrs. Sarah Baxter, widow of Joseph Baxter, Pennsylvania militia; Mrs. Jane Leeka, widow of Henry Leeka, Tennessee militia; Mrs. Mary Ann Mosher, widow of Solomon Mosher, Tennessee militia; Margaret Wine, widow of George Wine, Washington militia; Sarah E. Brown, widow of Wm. Brown, Ohio militia; Susannah Brooks, widow of Thomas Brooks, Ohio militia; Mary Whitenack, widow of Cornelius Whitenack, New Jersey militia; Nancy Stockdale. Other soldiers of 1812 connected with Randolph county are: Jesse Gray, who died in Jay county; Jonathan Lambert and Philip Lambert, buried at New Lisbon. David Heaston, buried at Winchester; John Dye, Jacob Cline, Samuel Wilson and John Hayes, buried at Windsor; James Lambert, Black Hawk War of 1837; John Bolender, Grenadier wars with Napoleon Bonaparte, buried at Windsor; Curtis Clenney, buried at Lynn.

"A very curious reminiscence of the military doings of "auld lang sayne" has been discovered among the old papers of Judge Edmund B. Goodrich, now in possession of Mrs. John C. Goodrich, widow of the ex-Clerk of Randolph county.

It seems there was a 'militia system' in the 'Hoosier State' many years ago, though how long it lasted we are unable to tell. That it was in active or attempted operation in 1832, at least, is shown by the relic referred to. It is an old paper, purporting to contain a list of persons fined for refusing to bear arms on account of 'conscientious scruples' against the practice; also a list of persons not scrupulous in that respect who were fined for absence or other dereliction of militia law. In the first list, the fine is $1.50 in each case; in the other, the amount varies from 25 cents to $10. The regiment concerned was the Seventieth, and there seem to have been six companies, with Jeremiah Smith as Colonel of that same regiment. The redoubtable Captains were Messrs. Comer, Butler, Denton, Hunt, Fleming, Heaston. Butler resided at Deerfield ; Heaston, at Winchester ; Hunt^ prob- ' ably near Huntsville; Denton's men were residents of Nettle Creek region; Fleming's men were from Stoney Creek, and Comer's from Greensfork, Jericho, White River, etc.

The 'conscientious' men were returned from three companies - Comer's, Denton's and Fleming's. There seem to have been none of that sort in either Butler's, Heaston's or Hunt's. How many Capt. Comer had of nondelinquents it would be interesting to know, as he returns sixty-one of the 'scrupulous' sort. Capt. Denton gives but four, and Capt. Fleming, twentyone, or eighty-six in all. Of the other persons fined 'for cause,' there were in Butler's company, fifteen ; Denton's, forty-three ; Hunt's, forty-four ; Flemings, Comer's, none; total, 154; grand total, 240; perfect ones, unknown.

It may not be amiss to append the names of those who refused to bear arms, as it will he a very fair index of the Quaker element at that time among those of military age :

Among those fined "for cause," perhaps for want of a "primer" to their guns, or some other heinous military offense, occur such names as Elias Kizer, Daniel Worth, William Macy, Burkett Pierce, Temple Smith, David Bunker, Philip Brown, Isaac Amburn, James Porter, William Chamness, William Smith, Smith Masterson, Samuel Hawlcins (then of Jay County), Samuel Simmons, Daniel B. Miller, Davis Pegg, Stephen Dye, Hamilton Snodgrass, Joseph Jay, John Borroughs, Lemuel Vestal, Andrew Aker, Henry D. Huffman, Jacob Harshman, William Lumpkin, Thomas Maulsby - and so on, to the tune of 154 in all.

The surviving veteran pioneers who find their names in the above list will doubtless chuckle with glee at reading this "reminder" of what must have been regarded, even at the time, as a huge joke.

The papers are made out in all due form, signed by Jeremiah Smith, colonel, and judge of the court of appeals, delivered to Edmund B. Goodrich, Paymaster of Seventieth regiment; and the list is receipted by Robert Irvin, Constable, with order to him to collect the fines aforesaid. Whether any at all were paid is not now known. Jesse Way says that Robert Irvin used to relate, years afterward, that, as he was on his collecting tour, he lodged with a good-natured Quaker, one of the number who were fined for "scruples," and that, on asking his host what was his charge - "I charge thee," was .the reply, "that thee go home and find some better business, and never be caught in such a scrape again as long as thee lives."

Robert replied, "I believe I will do it," and he did it, and kept the ad- \ice, too. He used to laugh over the joke, and .--ay that it was the best advice he ever got in his life.

War had, to Randolph county dwellers, been a thing well-nigh unknown. Until the struggle of the rebellion, only one other had called our nation to arms, and that was small and of short duration, viz., the Mexican conflict. And in that contest, bareh' three (as we have been told) were Randolph county boys - Allen O. Neff, Augustus Kane and William D. Stone. Capt. John Neff did, indeed, join the army at that time, and rendered service for several years, but he did not go to Mexico. Kane was much on the sick list, and Neff was shortly transferred to the band, so that the reputation of Randolph for warlike valor in this struggle would seem to have been left in the exclusive keeping of William D. Stone. He was in the war fourteen months, seeing, in that time, some severe service, and taking part in

When the regiment containing our "especial three" arrived at Vera Cruz, Gen. Scott had stormed San Juan de Ulloa and had captured Vera Cruz; had set his eager legions on their march into the interior; had climbed the frowning heights of Sierra Gorda and hurled backward in inglorious defeat the armed Mexican legions; had crossed the smiling Table Lands, occupied the unresisting city of Puebla, and captured the strong fortress of Perote; and had pressed still onward, till his gallant troops had invested the capital. They had fought and won the memorable contests at Churubusco and Chapultepec, and Molino del Rey, and had at length marched in triumph into the imperial city of the Montezumas, and were taking a brief respite from their warlike labors in that renowned metropolis.

The regiment to which that before-named "three" belonged had, after undergoing a somewhat romantic experience on their outward passage, landed at Vera Cruz. In company with other regiments, they took up their course of march for Puebla, drove off the Mexican army, who had for a considerable time been beleaguering that town in possession of the American forces, relieved the besieged garrison, and entered the city amid the plaudits of the rescued ones.

Reminiscences Mexican War W. D. Stone

In May, 1847, he enlisted in the Fourth Indiana Volunteers as a private. In the Gulf of Mexico, bound for Galveston, on board the Ann Chase, one of the boilers exploded. Several men were killed, and sixty-five went on boats and upon rafts to the Louisiana shore, nine miles away, landing near the mouth of Calcasieu river. Stone was one of that company. For some unknown reason, the steamer managed to repair somewhat the damage done, and went on her course, leaving that company of men in the swamps, helpless and desolate, to their fate. They would not give up, however, and footed it sixtv-five miles, having no food nor any suitable drink, through swamps and jungles, during two days and nights, to Sabine City, La., at the mouth of Sabine river. Here they sta3'ed a week. At this point, thousands of Texas cattle used to cross. The cattle had to swim, and the alligators would often catch them. Every little while, a bullock would give a spring and a plunge, and that was the last of him. An aligator had him.

The boys, to pass away the time, tried hunting alligators. Four of them took a skiff, with only one gun for them all, and rowed out into the river.

So they fixed a rope to the skiff and threw it around the head and neck of the creature. The moment he felt the rope, he started for the gulf at. full speed. He dragged the boat and its frightened cr£w half a mile or more in "double quick." The boys trie^ to get him to shore. After bringing him into about four feet of water, one of the men, Brewer by name, a big, burly fellow, tall and stout, jumped from the boat into the river to pull on the rope and help land him. Instanter the alligator "took for" Brewer, and the chap made some rather lively splashing through that water about that time.

However, they got him ashore and shot him. They thought him a "whaler," he being seven or eight feet long, or perhaps longer than that, and larger by far than they cared to encounter again, -and so they gave up the business.

Three hundred men were still on board the steamer, and, managing to "rig up" in some way, as has been stated, the ship made for Galveston, paying no heed to the men on shore. They reported at Galveston that sixtyfive men had made the shore, and that they were on the coast starving. A schooner was sent for them outright, and -they were found at Sabine City. By that schooner the squad were conveyed to Galveston; thence to Brazos de Santiago. Most went by steamer, but fifteen of them went in another way, to wit, by an old yawl. What possessed them to go out on the gulf in such a crazy conveyance is "one of those things that no fellow can ever find out." But go they did, and a sorry time they made of it. When out on the gulf, the yawl would dip and veer, first one side and then the other, and they came near drowning many times; but, through God's mercy, they were spared to tread once more the solid land.

Mr. Stone says : "But we did one thing that was not planned. Col. Gorman, of the Fourth Indiana, had put a lot of hams into the bottom of the yawl to be conveyed to Brazos. We got at these, pitching them out, one after one, to the sharks."

From Brazos, the regiment was sent up the Rio Grande some two hundred miles by steamer to Gen. Taylor, but they were ordered to report to Gen. Scott, at Vera Cruz ; and, marching back by land to Matamoras, they took passage over the gulf again to the Mexican fortress and seaport, San Juan

The Mexican forces, meanwhile, had retaken a part of the route from Vera Cruz to the metropolis, and had surrounded Puebla with an army of 7,000 men, under Gen. Ria, the place being held against them by the gallant Gen. Childs, with only a small garrison.

The little army fought every day, more or less, for twenty-nine days, all the way to Puebla. At Huamantla, 1,500 American soldiers routed 5,000 Mexicans, secured the pass in triumph, and raised the siege of Puebla.

Gen. Scott, before this time, had taken San Juan de Ulloa (at Vera Cruz), and had fought Sierra Gorda at the pass up to the heights of the Central Table Land ; had taken Puebla and Perote, and had also, about this time, fought and won the terrible battles of Contreras, Churubusco, Chapultepec, and Molino del Rey; and had either just made or was then ready to make his triumphal entry into the imperial city of the Montezumas.

After Puebla, they fought at Tlascala to protect the "tobacco train," a bevy of wagons laden with a supply of that fragrant weed for the use of the American soldiers.

The bombardment of Atlixco on the march, though a cruel thing, was nevertheless a magnificent spectacle. The artillery was posted on the heights, and the town lay far down, hundreds of feet below in the valley. It was in the night, and the track of the shells through the starlit sky could be distinctly seen as they went speeding on their path of destruction. The shells would burst in the midst of the town, scattering death and ruin far and wide. The city could not long endure so unequal a contest, but surrendered at discretion.

These troops did not go to the City of Mexico, as Gen. Scott was in possession, and the actual war was over. The army remained in the concjuered country during some months, till the treaty of peace had been made. The evacuation then took place, and the soldiers came home during the summer of 1848."

Mexican War

He was commissioned captain in the United States army in 1846, during the" time of the Mexican war. He did no service in Mexico but was stationed at St. Loui under Col. Enos McKay, as assistant quartermaster. His labors were great and his responsibilities extensive. At one time his colonel wished transportation for $120,000 in gold and silver, chiefly the latter, to Fort Leavenworth. The steamboats refused to carry it for less than 2 per cent, upon the whole amount. The colonel would not submit to such extortion and directed Captain Neff to convey the funds to their destination overland, and asked him, "What escort do you wish?" "The less, the better," was his reply. He took four men and with a wagon loaded with the precious treasure, they drove through in fourteen days. When four days out the discovery was made that their guns were utterly useless; but they accomplished the journey without mishap, at a cost of about $130, thus effecting a saving to the government of $2,279.

It would seem that Captain Neff's duties did not embrace any direct connection with the ^Mexican war, but the time of his service was during its progress, and he was a resident of Randolph county and a faithful and efficient officer ; and this brief account of his labors would appear to be not out of place at this point in our history.

War Of Secession

It will be seen from the foregoing article that very few of the residents of Randolph county had ever seen or known the horrors or privations and butcheries of war, the story of revolutionary hardships, of Indian treachery, and Mexican intrigue, had been told at many a fire-side, children had listened in rapt attention to the stories of heroes until they had become, indeed, hero worshippers. Little did they think in those boyhood days that the lessons of patriotism and loyalty being so instilled would be called forth in action in their manhood by such a great war as the Ci^'il war. They knew nothing whatever of war excepting what they had read and heard, even the play at school had lost its militia tendency, no longer did the school boys organize into companies and pla}^ at even Indian wars, no longer did a thought of a raid against man in battle strife claim the attention of the father or mother and yet this fearful cloud was formed that was to burst into terrific storm and claim as its victims hundreds and even thousands of Randolph county boys.

Upon the news of the fall of Ft. Sumter every nook and corner of the county ofi^ered its li\ ing sacrifice upon the altar of patriotism. Mothers gave willingly their first born, and their last born, that the country might live. She and her daughters, remained at home, toiling incessantly to maintain that

The father who was not accompanied by his son to the front, bade his son "God speed" and returned to labor, that the others might be supported. Those were times when the true nature of man came to the front, either in response to loyalty or by intrigue with those who were disloyal. None knew until that crisis what his country was, how much he loved it, or the sacrifice he was willing to make to save it. It was only necessary to ask in the name of patriotism and loyalty, to be met by a response of sincerity and devotion. Sedition and treason were to be put down and the loyal people of Randolph county realized it was an enormous task and would require all that could be gotten in any form.

Randolph county had been for years Republican in politics, strongly opposed to the institution of slavery. Abolition societies and anti-slavery societies of all kinds had thrived and met with hearty approval. But it must not be understood that the loyal people were all to be found within the ranks of the Republican party, for many, many other people of other political faith offered themselves equally as willing a sacrifice to the cause. Among those who went to the front, political lines were ignored and there was but one common thought and that was to put down the rebellion.

The one great blot upon the history of the county in that great period is the treachery and disloyalty of some who remained at home and whose actions and organization have been spoken of otherwise under the head of the Knights of the Golden Circle.

It is not known how many men and boys enlisted from this county but it is known that more than 2,000 were found in the ranks, many, of course, enlisted in other counties and in other states, and it is impossible to know who they were. The only source of information is the report of Adjutant-General Terrell to the governor of Indiana, shortly after the close of the war. General Terrell did, no doubt, do all in his power, with the material at his command, to make a complete list of all the participants but the task was so great, the data so inaccurate and the records so incomplete it was impossible for him to get all. It is a known fact that out of the 208,367 names of soldiers enlisted from Indiana in the war of rebellion nothing is to be known of almost 45,000 of these soldiers, as to where they came from, and of that number about 14,000 wholly unaccounted for. It is unfortunate that the state has not since that time made a systematic effort to gain the information for record of these thousands of men who were as loyal and patriotic as those whose records are known. No doubt, many of these unknown are from

Randolph county and while it is our effort to give the names and due credit of each and ever}- soldier, we wish in this way to express our appreciation and esteem of those whose names we have been unable to obtain. As we have said it has been estimated that more than 2,000 man and boys joined the union arm)- in the war of 1861 from this county. \\'^ork shops were silenced, mills were stopped, stores were closed, farms were deserted, many and many a wife with the daughter maintained the home and cared as best she could for what was entrusted to her care.

We are acquainted with one particular case, which is no doubt greater in number than the usual case but no less in per cent than hundreds of the others which will show the response to the call to arms. Joab McNeese, a resident of Stoney Creek township, near Georgetown, had one son, twenty grandsons, one great grandson, and the husbands of ten granddaughters in the Civil war; another remarkable thing of this record is that nineteen of the twent}' grandsons and the one great grandson and nine of the ten husbands of the granddaughters enlisted from Stoney Creek township and Monroe township. This is rather a remarkable record but is only one of hundreds that show the loyalty of Randolph county families.

Randolph county had representatives during the progress of the war everywhere in the front. At the opening conflicts of Richmond Mountain, Bull Run and Ball's Bluff, with Lion at ^A'ilson's creek, Alilligan at Lexington, South Mountain and Antietam, Shiloh and Vicksburg, New Orleans, Chickamauga and Chattanooga; with Sherman to the sea; with Sheridan in the Shenandoah, with Grant to Richmond, and in fact, everywhere they were to be found.

The prison-pens were honored by having them within their confines, and many Randolph county men can trace broken health and physical debility to the prison-pens of Libby, Danville, Florence, Savannah and Andersonville.

"Tender boys who had never slept off a feather bed in their lives, and who had lived abundanth- and daintily always, went cheerfully to the field, wrapped their frames, weary with long marching, contentedly and even merrily, in their blankets, and lay down without a murmur on the cold, damp ground, or upon the rails laid in the mud to keep their bodies from actually sinking in the mire, after a supper made of corn shelled from the cob and hastily parched in a scanty fire kindled upon the ground. Hardships and privations, forced marches and camping without food or water in the woods and trenches ; fierce and sanguinary battles, wounds, imprisonment and death - all these were Ijorne cheerfully, as though it were a summer pastime, or accepted meekly as a sacrifice needful -to be made for the defense of a countr}', the richest, the noblest and the best beneath the circuit of the sun.

Through all coming time, the war of 1861 in the United States will be reckoned to have been a conflict waged by the people, and carried on to the very end by their indomitable will and their unconquerable spirit; by their relentless determination that traitors should be made odious and that treason should be crushed.

And thus it came to pass, that, in spite of political generals, and commanders ignorant or dissipated, or even secretly tainted with covert sympathy for treason and hostile to liberty, the spirit of the common soldiery triumphed over every obstacle, and bore the country straight forward to assured and abundant victory and triumphant success."

The news of the firing on Ft. Sumter as it flashed over the. land thrilled the people of Randolph county to a tension impossible to imagine. No sooner had the news arrived than companies began to organize and get ready for the inevitable conflict. Meetings were held in various parts of the county and most of them centered in and around AVinchester, the county-seat. Committees were appointed to wait upon people, to solicit necessary provisions, especially bedding, and clothing, the government was wholly unprepared for such a conflict and it was evident that those who went to the front must be cared for by those, who remained at home. At Winchester a public meeting was immediately called, committees were appointed to solicit clothing and blankets, the country was divided into sections and men placed in command of each section. Mr. Butterworth and J\Ir. Kemp were appointed to solicit along the Greenville pike and their experiences will only show the experience of all others similarly appointed.

Messrs. Kemp and Butterworth started on Saturday morning with a two-horse spring wagon to solicit; every one donated and gave so liberally that these men were unable to cover half their territory because it was impossible to carry what they had received in the two-horse wagon. On Sunday a monster mass meeting was held, a picture of which is shown elsewhere ; a flag was presented to the first company raised in this county; this was Company "C" of the 8th, three months' service, Captain Silas Colgrove. The picture shows the flag which is being presented to this company. It was presented by a Miss Bryce, daughter of J. G. Bryce, county examiner. This is indeed a remarkable picture showing the intensity of the feeling of that day. It will be noticed that the picture was taken from the rear of the crowd. At that time an exposure of a minute or more was necessary to take a picture and yet no movement on the part of any one in the picture can be detected, so intense was their interest in what was being said, for they did not know the picture was being taken. ( In this picture the man in the wagon is James S. Cottom, the first man leaning against the fence is Enos L. Watson, the second is Henry Kizer and the heavier gentleman to the right is Jerry Smith.) How little did the audience appreciate op. that memorable day how \often a scene of this kind was to take place in the next four years; how little did the mothers know of t^e sacrifice they would be called upon to make in that memorable conflict.

On the 13th of April, 1861, Ft. Sumter was evacuated and upon the receipt of this news, Sunday morning, April 14th, Governor Morton proceeded to arrange for troops and on the morning of April 15th telegraphed President Lincoln as follows :

On behalf of the State of Indiana, I tender to you, for the defense of the Xation, and to uphold the authority of the Government, ten thousand men.

The same day, President Lincoln called for 75,000 troops, and the quota of Indiana was set at 4,683 officers and men, to serve for three months.

The day after the call, 500 men were in camp. By the 19th of April, 2,400 men were on hand, and they were pouring in by every train, and in less than seven days, more than twelve thousand men had been tendered - nearly three times the number called for. One company was there from Randolph of 140 men, April 18, Captain Colgrove.

When this work had been accomplished, there remained in camp at Indianapolis twenty-nine companies besides, and sixty-eight companies had been raised and tendered that had not come forward. Out of these. Governor ]\Iorton determined to organize several state one-year regiments, and instructed to form five such regiments.

On the nth of May, 1861, five regiments were reported as complete - the Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and, shortly afterward, the Seventeenth was mustered into service.

Allen, four companies ; Bartholomew, three companies ; Boone, one company ; Benton, one company ; Clay, one company ; Clinton, one company ; Cass, _two companies ; Carrol, one company ; Delaware, one company ; Dearborn, five companies ; Daviess, one company ; Decatur, two companies ; Elkhart, one company; Floyd, two companies; Franklin, one company; Fountain, one company; Fayette, one company; Grant, one company; Howard, two companies; Henry, two companies; Hamilton, two companies; Hendricks, one company ; Hancock, three companies ; Huntington, one company ; Jefferson, five companies ; Jennings, two companies ; Jackson, one company ; Johnson, one company ; Jasper, two companies ; Kosciusko, two companies ; Knox, two companies ; La Porte, three companies ; Morgan, one company ; Marion, eight companies; Madison, one company; Montgomery, four companies; Miami, one company; Martin, one company; Monroe, one company; Ohio, one company; Owen, two companies; Porter, one company; Putnam, four companies; Parke, one company; Rush, one company; Randolph, one company (146 men) ; Ripley, two companies; Shelby, three companies; St. Joseph, two companies ; .Tippecanoe, four companies ; Tipton, one company ; Union, one company; Vigo, three companies; Vanderburg, one company; Vermillion, one company; Wayne, one company; Wabash, one company; Warren, one company; Washington, one company.

Seventeen companies were formed by taking the men for each from more than one county. Doubtless many, probably all the counties in the state not named above, sent volunteers in connection with other counties. Many of them were represented in the mixed companies above specified. The forty extra men from Randolph were sent home.

Eighth, three months; Sixth, three years; Seventh, three years; Eighth, three years ; Ninth, three years ; Eleventh, three years ; Twelfth, three years ; Thirteenth, three years; Sixteenth, Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth,' Twenty-first (First heavy artillery), Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth (First cavalry). Thirty-first, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-sixth, Forty-second, Forty-seventh, Fifty-fifth, Fifty-seventh, Sixty-ninth, Seventy-first, Seventy-fifth, Eighty- fourth. Eighty-ninth, Ninetieth, Ninety-seventh, Ninetyninth, One Hundred and Fifth, One Hundred and Sixth, One Hundred and Nii:ith, One Hundred and Seventeenth, One Hundred and Nineteenth (Seventh cavalry), One Hundred and Twenty-first (Ninth cavalry), One Hundred and Twenty-fourth, One Hundred and Thirtieth, One Hundred and Thirtyfirst (Thirteenth cavalry), One Hundred and Thirty-fourth, One Hundred and Fortieth, One Hundred and Forty-seventh, Fortieth Ohio, etc.

This list may be even now incomplete, since it is true that many are put down to the wrong county, as Randolph men to Wayne, Jay county men to Randolph, etc., and for great numbers their places of residence were left entirely blank - a defect much to be regretted, indeed,, but which, at this late day, it is impossible to supply.

Many Randolph soldiers also enlisted in regiments from other states, or in the regular United States service. For instance, a large number joined the Fortieth Ohio regiment, of which Col. Jonathan Cranor was the commanding officer.

Besides, most of the colored volunteers from Randolph (of whom there wejre many) joined in such a way that their names do not appear on the record made by the adjutant general's office as enlisting from Randolph, or, indeed, from the state of Indiana at all.

Very many, also, of the soldiers now residing in Randolph, enlisted from other counties, and many, too, even from other states, which fact causes the preparation of a full and accurate account of the soldiers of and in Randolph to be a task doubly and trebly difficult.

As we have said heretofore. Governor Morton and all the people saw with the volunteering of men would come the necessity for supplies. The national government was wholly unprepared for such an emergency. It became necessary for Governor Morton to organize the state into a great relief association. He called to his assistance men of prominence and ability from all the loyal parts of the state and Randolph county was honored by having one of its citizens, Asahel Stone, appointed as commissary general. Mr.

Stone proved himself an efficient officer and was one of the best supports of Governor Morton in this great movement. The soldiers were hurried to the front without much thought of the necessary supplies, especially that of clothing. They were rushed into mountainous country of Virginia and it soon became necessary for them to have extra clothing to protect them from the inclemency of the weather of that portion of the state.

Governor Morton immediately went to Washington and finding the government wholly unprepared, telegraphed to Indianapolis to "urge Major Montgomery, United States Quartermaster, to get overcoats of any good material and not wait for a public letting, do have them at once, the men are suffering and I am distressed, perhaps a few thovisand can be forwarded by Captain Dickerson, at once, from Cincinnati." This was August 20th, 1861, and the men were already, as we have said, very much in need of these supplies. Montgomery failed to follow instructions. Dickerson, however, sent 4,000 overcoats to General Rosecrans, then in command in Western Virginia. Transportation was poor and careless and the overcoats were not delivered. Later in the year, September 14th, General Asahel Stone was ordered to give the matter his personal attention. He did so and found 1,200 of them and forwarded them as soon as possible to the iron brigade under the command of Brigadier-General Reynolds.

Morton resumed all responsibility for the pay of these supplies and through the state purchasing agent, Robert Dale Owen, purchased 29,000 overcoats, "regulation price," $7.75, but it was necessary to pay $9.25 for a part of them. Quartermaster General Meigs refused to allow Morton more than $7.75 to which Morton replied in his characteristic way, "if the United States will not pay for them, Indiana will, the troops must not suffer."

October 16, 1861, Governor Morton made an appeal, "To the patriotic women of Indiana for additional blankets, socks, gloves, mittens, shirts and drawers" and asked that these supplies be furnished immediately, which appeal the wives, mothers and daughters responded to with a lacrity to such a degree that in May, 1862, the state Quartermaster General, J. H. Vauejen reported : "This proclamation met with a most cordial response and many thousands of dollars worth of blankets, socks, gloves, mittens, shirts and drawers were forwarded, as also, sheets, pillows, pads, bandages, lint and dressing gowns, for hospital use, in so much that a circular was issued announcing that the supply was enough." It was through the energy and patriotism of Governor Morton that Indiana was the first to organize for temporary relief and General Stone was placed at the head of this department. The duty of this agency was "To render all possible relief to our soldiers.

It was a well-known fact that during the war Indiana relief was usually the first to appear and when it did appear Indiana soldiers were not the only ones to receive succor for the hearts of the people who sent it and the spirit of the governor who guided it went out to all men, regardless of the state they represented.

The state sanitary commissioner was also established in February, 1862. This organization received many and valuable contributions during the remainder of the Civil war. The Free Masons alone contributed $10,000.00 at one time and a great deal more at subsec[uent intervals. A fair was held in the fall of 1863 which netted $40,000.00. Boat loads of supplies were sent out to the front, one of these City Bell, under the control of General Stone, reached Vicksburg July 4, the day of its surrender. The recorded contributions of this state are known to be over five millions of dollars and no doubt the enormous amount. of which no record was ever kept or could be kept reached into the millions, also, every possible means was employed to contribute to the relief and comfort of those directly interested, personally, in the "boys in blue".

The towns at all railway stations were organized for the purpose of feeding, and giving comfort to all soldiers who appear in their midst. At Winchester and Union City soldiers were transferred from one railroad to another. It was the pleasure of the citizens to feed them while there and thousands and thousands of meals have thus been served to soldiers entransit.

Relief For Families Of Volunteers

A great majority of the people favored public relief and support for the families of all volunteers and it must be said to the everlasting credit of the county that no soldier's widow or orphan was allowed to be in need.

In June, 1861, the county commissioners instituted a movement for the "pro\-isions for the support of the families of volunteers" and made the following entry in their minutes :

"Winchester, Ind., June 12th, 1861. At the June term of the board of county commissioners the following persons were appointed agents for the relief of the families of the soldiers of

Randolph county who have or may hereafter volunteer in defense of our country. The duty of said agents will be to inquire into and administer to the wants' of such families and make report to this board at its next regular term to commence on the ist Monday in September, next, when an allowance will be made for the payment of expenses so incurred. They will also carefully scrutinize the applicants for relief in order to guard the county against imposition.

It will be seen that each township was provided with an agent and it may be said that these agents or their successors were kept in service until the close of the war. Others who have served as agents of the relief fund were William Burress, Monroe township; B. F. W. Stewart, Dr. J. N. Converse and David Polly, Wayne; David L. Hiatt and John Johnson, of Washington ; Thomas W. Kizer, John B. Goodrich and Arthur Quick, of White River; Olney Whipple, Ward; William Freeman, Nettle Creek; David Kitselman, Elisha T. Bailey, of Franklin, and perhaps others whose names we have been unable to secure.

Provisions and clothing were furnished to the families of the^ volunteers. For this purpose in the year ending June ist, 1862, the county paid out $i.937-99-

It will be noticed that the heaviest »relief was paid in 1866. The funds of the county during that year were very low and in the opinion of the commissioners, it became necessary to make a new rule of distribution. Consequently, January 9th, 1866, the following entry was made and observed during the remainder of the time for which bounty was paid :

"It is ordered by the board that the disbursing officers of the Soldiers' Relief Fund for the various townships, be instructed or notified by the auditor to curtail their disbursements in the following. manners, to wit: "Persons who have been or who are receiving a pension in any amount are not to receive relief from the relief fund of said county and all others to receive only fifty per cent, or one-half of what they have been receiving heretofore, as allowed by law. The provisions of this order to be complied with from this date, January 9th, 1866.

There is no doubt of the sincerity of the commissioners in the above action as they showed themselves at all times to be willing and ready and anxious to provide for the relief of worthy applicants. It is only natural to presume that some abuse would be made of the privilege of furnishing provisions but only in one case was any deduction made from the bill of any one selling to families receiving aid under this provision.

The adjutant general's report as to relief shows that Randolph county paid a total of $94,447.53, being exceeded by only eleven counties in the state, these counties were Decatur, Delaware, Hamilton, Jackson, Laporte, Marion, St. Joseph, Tippecanoe. Vigo, Wabash and Wayne.

"Thursday, July 24, 1862. "Pursuant to summons issued by the Auditor in conformity with law the board met in special session present A. McKew, C. F. Alexander.

"The board having been convened for the purpose of taking such action as they may think best in regard to offering a bounty to persons who may volunteer in the United States army and also to take such action as they may think best in regard to providing for the families of such volunteers.

"It is ordered by the board that the auditor be instructed to issue an order for ten dollars to each person who may volunteer in Randolph county to be paid to such volunteer when accepted and sworn into the service of the United States Army for three years or during the war. (Commissioned officers not included. )

Evidently through discussion of the public the court was convinced that $16.00 was not as much as the county could afford to pay, hence on Tuesday, July 29 :

"At a special session of the board of county commissioners of Randolph county begun and .held in AVinchester in July 29th, 1862, there was present A. McKew, C. F. Alexander and A. DeVoss.

"Ordered by the board that there be an allowance of twenty dollars in addition to that heretofore appropriated to each person who may volunteer in the service of the United States, one-half to be paid in one year with interest from date and the balance from two years with interest from date. The orders to be issued when the volunteers has been (been) accepted and sworn into the service, and the auditor is hereby authoried to issue said orders when the above conditions have been complied with.

"It is ordered by the board that the county pay to each person who has or who may hereafter volunteer in the United States Army for the term of three years or during the war the sum of thirty dollars as a bounty to be paid as follows : ten dollars in cash, ten dollars in one year with interest from date and ten dollars in two years from date with interest, said interest to cease on both orders as soon as the county treasurer advertises that there are funds on hands to redeem said orders and provided that said persons to be entitled to the above bounty must be citizens of Randolph county at the time of volunteering and provided further that any tax that may be due the county by said volunteer shall be deducted from the amount of said bounty and the commissioned officers of the company or regiment are not to be entitled to the said bounty.

"The above bounty is to be paid only to those who volunteer to fill the quoto of Randolph county in the call of the President for three hundred thousand additional volunteers and dated ^ - , 1863. The orders

"It was ordered by the board that there be a county bounty of forty dollars paid to each person who may Volunteer in the United Sates services under the call of December 19th, 1864, provided said bounty is not to be paid until after such volunteer shall have been mustered into the services and credited to Randolph county. Twenty dollars of said bounty to be paid in cash and twenty to be paid in one year from date, of said muster in - With interest from date and it is further ordered that each township shall be entitled to said amount of forty dollars as above for each person necessary to fill the cjuoto of said township under said call.

The largest number to apply for bounty at one time was when the fortytwo members of the 7th Indiana cavalry applied for bounty March 14, 1866. The petition was "not allowed because contrary to law."

bounty of persons who enlisted in July and August, 1863, for three years or during the war, and who served during their continuance in said service as enlisted men, in the Seventh Ind. vol. cavalry, and who were credited on the quoto of said Co. be allowed, and that they be paid the sum of thirty dollars each under and according to the provisions of an order of this board dated November 21st, 1863."

The total of the amounts for relief of volunteers of county bounty, although amounting to thousands of dollars, is a mere pittance for the services rendered by these noble men, who gave their services and lives for the cause of the union. It is said that the United States pays more bountiful in pensions than any other nation the world has known. This is a mark of honor, distinction, and appreciation.

"Such struggles, such burdens born, such sacrifices made, men, money, means, so freely, so lavishly, so persistently given - such hardships, perils, sufferings, wounds and imprisonment and death so heroically endured, such fearful things undergone through four long bloody years over the face of a vast continent.''

Each and every citizen of the county will always be interested in a detailed account of the heroes of Randolph county and we give the following most of which is taken from the adjutant-general's report to the governor :

Account Of Regiments

Eighth Regiment Infantry, three months - The Eighth Regiment of Infantry of Indiana Volunteers was mustered in the service April 25, 1861, William P. Benton, colonel. The muster-in took place at Indianapolis, and the muster-out at the same place, August 6, 1861. The statistics of the regiment are as follows :

The regiment was made up of three from Wayne, one from Grant, one from Randolph, one from Delaware, one from Wabash, one from Madison, one from Hancock and one from Henry.

They remained in camp at Indianapplis until June 19, 1861, when, they were ordered to Western Virginia, which was reached by rail via Cincinnati, Marietta and Parkersburg. Remaining at Clarksburg two days, the regiment marched thirty miles to Buckhannon, to find the rebels, who had, however, moved to Rich Mountain. Thither the troops marched July 9, and lay in camp July 10 in front of the foe, ascending the mountain the next day; fought the battle of Rich Mountain July 11, 1861, driving the rebels from their position on the mountain, and sustaining a loss of three killed and seventeen wounded.

Going into camp at Beverly for two weeks, on the 24th of July, they returned to Indianapolis, and were soon afterwards mustered out of service, August 6, 1 86 1.

The troops in the campaign in Western A'irginia performed good service. At the expiration of the term. May Gen. ]\IcClellan addressed Governor JMorton as follows.

Governor - I have directed the three months' regiments from Indiana to move to Indianapolis ; there to be mustered out and re-organized for three years' service.

I can not permit them to return to you without again expressing my high appreciation of the distinguished valor and endurance of the Indiana troops, and my hope that a short time only will elapse before I shall have the pleasure of knowing that they are again ready for the field. I am, very respectfully, Your obedient servant,

"The General tenders to all his thanks for the soldierly bearing, the cheerful performance of every duty and the patient endurance of the privations and fatigues of campaign life which all have so constantly exhibited. * * * They have cheerfully endured the fatigues of long and dreary marches by day and night, through rain and storm; they have borne the exhaustion of hunger for the sake of the country. Their labor and sufferings were not in vain. The foe they met and vanquished. Your friends welcome you with pride and exultation. Your state and country acknowledge the value of your labors."

After the dissolution of the regiment, the great body of its members reentered service in the Eighth Indiana Infantry, enlisted for three years. The officers and men from Randolph county belonging to the Eighth Indiana Three Month's Regiment are as follows : Lieutenant Colonel, Silas Colgrove, mustered out; re-entered service as Colonel Twenty-seventh regiment.. (Where no time is given the person was mustered out at the close of service.)

Company C, Eighth, three months - Captain, Silas Colgrove, promoted lieutenant colonel April 26, 1861, Thomas J. Lee, resigned; first lieutenant, E. M. Ives, mustered out, term expired; second lieutenant, Allen O. Xefif, mustered out, time expired ; re-entered service as sergeant in the Eighth regiment, three years ; promoted second lieutenant.

Company G - Second Lieutenant, George W. H. Riley, promoted captain Company C. Captain in Eighth Three Years' Infantry ; also lieutenant colonel, One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana regiment. No losses or casualties occurred in Company C, Every man came back safe and sound as he went out, leaving his country better for the peril he had undergone in her behalf, and happy in the experience he had gained in the brief campaign spent among the bluffs and mountains of Western Virginia.

Was mustered in at Indianapolis, September 20, 1861 ; Colonel, T. T. Crittenden. Mustered out at Chattanooga, September 22, 1864. Officers, 46; men, 950; recruits, 126; died, 242; deserters, 48; unaccounted for, 10; total, 1,118.

The Sixth regiment was re-organized from the Sixth Three Months' regiment September 20, 1861. Its first service was to cross to Louisville, Ky., then threatened by Buckner, which it performed the very day of its organization, being the first body of troops to enter Kentucky from a northern state. They marched to Muldraugh's Hill, ^orty miles distant, camping near Elizabethtown. The Sixth was assigned to Rousseau's brigade, of McCook's division, and marched with the division to Munfordsville and Bowling Green, and, in March, 1862, to Nashville; March 29, 1862, they left for the Tennessee river, reaching Shiloh April 7 and fighting bravely in the battle of Shiloh, April 8, saving a battery from capture, and with a determined charge aiding to turn the tide of victory. The regiment was in the siege and battle of Corinth.

They then marched with Buell's army through Tuscumbia, Huntsville, Florence and Stevenson to Nashville and to Louisville, arriving October 2, 1862. Thence they returned to Tennessee, marching with Rosecrans upon Murfreesboro, and fighting in the battle of Stone River December 31, 1862, January i and 2, 1863.

The regiment campaigned between Murfreesboro and Chattanooga during the summer of 1863. It was at Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, Col. Baldwin being killed on the first day. It skirmished at Brown's Ferry,

The gallant Sixth returned to northern Georgia for the Atlanta campaign, taking part at Tunnel Hill, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Dallas, New Hope, AUatoona Ridge, Kenesaw Mountain, Marietta and before Atlanta.

They returned to Chattanooga in August and the body of the regiment was mustered out September 22, 1864. The veterans (few in number) and the recruits were transferred to the Sixty-eighth Indiana. When that regiment was mustered out, nineteen of the old Sixth were found still in service, and they were again transferred to the Forty- fourth, and were mustered out with that regiment September 14, 1865.

Mustered in at Indianapolis, September 13, 1861 ; Colonel, Ebenezer Dumont. Mustered out in the field September 20, 1864. Officers, 45 ; men, 1,001; recruits, 207; veterans, 46; died, 212; deserters, 26; unaccounted for, 27; total, 1,299.

The Seventh regiment was re-organized for three years September 13, 1 86 1, under Col. Dumont, and moved immediately to Western Virginia, joining Gen. Reynolds at Cheat Mountain, October 3, 1861 ; it was in the battle at Greenbrier, Va., and shortly afterward marched into Shenandoah Valley, camping there through the winter.

The regiment fought at Winchester Heights, March 30, 1862, and at Port Republic, Va., June 9, 1862, and at Front Royal, Va., June 12, 1862. Marching under Gen. Shields to Fredericksburg and back to the Shenandoah, it was assigned to Gen. McDowell's clivision. They were with Pope in the army of Virginia, being engaged at Slaughter Mountain, August 9, 1862, and at Second Bull Run, August 30, 1862. They pursued Lee into Maryland, and fought at Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862, with a loss of two killed and eight wounded. At Ashby's Gap, Va., their loss was four killed and six wounded. It took part in the great battle of Fredericksburg, Va., under Burnside, December 13, 1862. They were at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2 to 5, 1863, and at Gettysburg, Penn., July i to 4, 1863, losing heavily in both battles. The regiment was engaged at Mine Run, Va., November 30, 1863. After camping at Culpepper, Vt., till the spring of 1864, they moved with Grant in the fearful campaign of that awful year through the "great and terrible Wilderness" and most of the sanguinary battles during that fearful summer. They fought in the campaign of 1864 in front of Richmond, as given below :

Wilderness, May 5, 6, 1864; Laurel Hill, May 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, May 10, 1864; Po River, May 10 to 12, 1864; North Anna, May 25, 1864; Bethesda Church, May 30, 31, 1864; Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. The assault on Petersburg was made June 16, 1864, and the Seventh was in that fierce but unsuccessful attack. It remained in the siege of Petersburg till August 18, and then moved to cut the Weldon railroad, and took part in the fight at Yellow House, Va., August 19, 1864. On the 23d of September,

1864, the Seventh was consolidated with the Nineteenth, under the name of the Nineteenth, and this new regiment again with the new Twentieth (made up of the Fourteenth and Twentieth united) October 18, 1864.

A formidable list of battles indeed for a single regiment ! Twenty-three engagements, and among them Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. The blood curdles at the heart only to think of so fearful an experience of three such long years of hardship, peril and bloodshed as was undergone by the heroic and vmconquerable Seventh Indiana.

Clustered in at Indianapolis, September 5, 1861 ; Colonel, William P. Benton. Mustered out at Savannah, Ga., August 28, 1865. Officers, 46; men, 1,000; recruits, 177; re-enlisted, 480; unassigned recruits, 17; died, 245; deserted, 75; unaccounted for, 47; total, 1,672.

The Eighth Indiana 'regiment of infantry left Indianapolis. September 10, 1861, arriving at St. Louis the next day. Joining Gen. Fremont's army shortly, they marched to Jefferson City, reaching that town September 14, staying there a week, and while there being united with the brigade commanded by Col. Jeff. C. Davis, of the Twenty-second Indiana volunteers. September 22, the regiment set out for Springfield. Reaching that place in fourteen days, they returned to Otterville in seven days. At Warrensburg, Mo., they aided in capturing 1,300 rebels, December 17, 1861. Returning to Otterville, the regiment encamped till January 24, 1862, and then joined Gen. Curtis at Springfield, continuing the march to Cross Timbers, Ark., soon after which the Eighth participated in the great battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., March

6, 7 and 8, 1862. Remaining at Cross Timbers nearly a month, the regiment crossed the Ozark Mountains, marched down White river valley, and so to Batesville, Ark. They made a halt for two months at Sulphur Rock. Helena on the Mississippi was reached July 13, 1862. This march was a severe journey, provisions being very scarce and hard to get. Four ears of corn and a little meat were often a day's rations. On this march the battle of Cotton Plant was fought.

In August, the battle of Austin took place; October 6, 1862, they were put under command of Gen. Steele, went to Sulphur Hill, near St. Louis, thence to fronton, where they arrived October 11. The regiment was kept on the march to and fro in southeast Missouri till March 5, 1863. They were then sent to Milliken's Bend, where they were assigned to Benton's Brigade, in Carr's Division of the Thirteenth corps, McClernand commanding. April 29, 1863, the regiment crossed the Mississippi, and helped to fight the battles near Port Gibson, losing thirty-two; they were at Jackson May 14; at Champion Hills May 16; at Black River Bridge May 17, and .in the siege of Vicksburg from May 19 till July 4.

July 5, the regiment went again to Jackson. The place was captured and the troops returned to Vicksburg, July 24, remaining there till August 20. They were then ordered to Carrollton, near New Orleans, by steamer, as also across the country through the Teche region, under Gen. Banks, and thence via Berwick City over the waters of the Gulf to Texas. November 17, the fort on Mustang Island, near Aransas Pass, was taken by the Union troops, and, November 27, Fort Esperanza was captured.

They went thence to Indianola, and there re-enlisted as veterans, January I, 1864, 417 out of 517 being mustered into the new organization. Before this time, the losses by death in the regiment were as follows: Killed in action, 48; died of wounds, 32; died of disease, 137; total, 217. Of course, a larger number still had been discharged for disability, while yet many recruits had- joined their ranks.

The regiment in the spring received a furlough and reached Indianapolis, April 22. In May, they returned to the south, went to Morganza Bend, July 27, and defeated the confederates at Atchafalaya July 28. Soon afterward, this veteran regiment was transferred from the extreme South to the army on the Atlantic seaboard. They reached Washington City, August 12, 1864, being sent immediately to Berry ville, Va., and joined the Nineteenth corps. They were with Sheridan in the Shenandoah valley camping, being present in the battles of Opequan, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, September

19 and 22 and October 19. January 16. 1865, the regiment left for Savannah, Ga,, by way of Baltimore, reaching the former place January 26, 1865, after a rail and steamer trip of ten days. It was retained on duty in Georgia till August, 1865.

They were mustered out ( probabh' at Savannah) August 28, 1865. They arrived at Indianapolis, September 17, 1865, under Col. John R. Polk, with fourteen officers and 245 men.

Gov. Alorton addressed the returned veterans in words of blended welcome and farewell, as they were assembled in his presence in the capitol, and that heroic band of faithful comrades, many of whom had gone through fire and flood together and traversed a continent in company, gave each to each the parting hand and sought each for himself his home and family and friends.

The travels of the Eighth were a marvel. To St. Louis, Jefferson, Springfield, to Cross Timbers, Pea Ridge; across through the Arkansas swamps to Helena; back to St. Louis again; down the river to Vicksburg, thence to New Orleans; through Louisiana to Texas, home on a furlough, and to Ne^v C^rleans ; thence by a single movement to the eastern slope of the Alleghanies and the sea; to the Shenandoah and to Georgia, and at last, "when that cruel war was over," they made just one more mo\'ement, from the waters of the Gulf to the lovely valley of the Ohio, and to the homes of their childhood and the abodes of their youth and manhood.

tenant; resigned November 13, 1863; Benaiah C. Hoyt, First sergeant, reduced to Fifth sergeant; wounded at Pea Ridge, discharged March 4, 1863, disability; William H. Keller, sergeant, veteran, promoted second lieutenant, promoted first lieutenant, promoted captain, mustered out August 28, 1865 (W. H. K. is from Cambridge City) ; Michael P. Voris, sergeant, discharged Sepetmber 25, 1862; Allen O. Neff, sergeant, promoted second lieutenant: wounded at Pea Ridge, promoted first lieutenant, resigned June 18, 1863.

Corporals - Charles C. Smith, appointed hospital steward April i, 1862; Samuel H. Webb, wounded at Pea Ridge, veteran; died October 22, 1864, of wounds; \A^illiam Pogue, veteran, mustered out August 28, 1865; Jefferson Bush, discharged March 12, 1863, disability; James M. Thomas, discharged October 27, 1862, disability; Stanton J. Peele, discharged for promotion as second lieutenant in the Fifty-seventh regiment.

Musicians - William Farra, veteran, mustered out August 28, 1865; Henry C. Voris, wounded at Pea Ridge, veteran, mustered out August 28, T865.'

Privates (mustered out with regiment August 28, 1865) - Michael Doyle, veteran; John Farra, veteran; Isaac Gillum, veteran; Elijah Harlan, veteran, ippointed corporal. Kenworthy C. Hollingsworth, veteran, appointed corporal, captured at Cedar Creek; Nathaniel Pugh, veteran; Edward Stanton, veteran; Sylvanus White, veteran; William W. Smith, veteran.

George Bartholomew, mustered out Sept. 4, 1864; Mansfield W. Ely, transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade March 12, 1863, discharged; Henry C. Brandon, died May 5, 1863, of wounds received at Port Gibson, Miss.; Samuel Bumpas, discharged November 28, 1863; Thomas AV Coffin, veteran, mustered out June 7, 1865; Joseph S. Duer, appointed corporal, wounded at Vicksburg, mustered out September 4, 1864; George W. Fisher, discharged October 16, 1862, disability; John Ford, mustered out June 14, T865; Grover G. Fowler, discharged for wounds at Pea Ridge, Ark.; John French, died at Union City, Ind. ; Thomas Gillum, record indefinite ; Edward Fray, discharged December 23, 1862, disability; George W. Grimes, wounded at Pea Ridge, discharged March 17, 1863, disability; Abner Hlnshaw, died at St. Louis January 7, 1863, disease; John T. Jenkins, veteran, killed at Opecjuan, Va., September 19, 1864; Richard E. Jenkins, died at St. Louis, Mo., April 16, 1863, disease; Benjamin Jordan, mustered out September 4, 1864; Wesley Jordan, mustered out September 4, 1864; Lewis Mock, veteran, record indefinite; Isaac C. Moody, died, date unknown; Charles C. B. Mullen, record indefinite ; Clark Predmore, mustered out Sep- tember 4, 1864; William Pullman, wounded at Pea Ridge and Vicksburg, mustered out September 4, 1864; Michael Rariden, died at Union City, Ind., December 20, 1863; James C. Smith, discharged December 31, 1861, disabihty; James T. Smith, wounded at Pea Ridge, mustered out September 4, 1864; George W. Starbuck, record indefinite; William Stine, discharged January 8, 1863, minority; Isaac C. Sutton, discharged August 9, 1862, disability; Martin R. Thomas, died at ^Vinchester, Ind., August 10, 1862, disease ; William Tutor, record indefinite ; Henry T. Warner, died at St. Loui.«, Mo., October 10, 1862, disease; Samuel Wilson, died at St. Louis, Mo., November, 1861, disease; Charles Wood, died at Humansville, Mo., November 12, 1862, disease; Christian H. Wright, discharged May 17, 1862, disability.

Recruits - William H. Ashville, mustered out June 14, 1865; Alexander Jordan, veteran, captured at Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864, mustered out September 22, 1865; Charles McGuire, -died at St. Louis, February 22, 1863, disease; Anthony Mincer, died June 7, 1863, wounds received at Vicksburg; John W. Page, veteran, mustered out June 14, 1865; Francis M- Puckett, veteran, discharged June 14, 1865; Isaac A. Sharp, discharged March 17, 1863, disability; Ezra Smith, discharged December 31, 1862, disability; John R. Smith, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps May 31, 1864; Letaman A. White, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps May 31, 1864.

The regiment went first to Western Virginia, encamping on Cheat Mountain summit for winter quarters, participating in the battle of Greenbrier, October 3, and of Alleghany, December 13, 1861. January 9, 1862, they marched to Fetterman, Va., remaining till February 19, 1862. They were then sent by rail to Cincinnati and to Nashville by steamer, joining Gen. Buell's army. March 29, 1862, the regiment marched to Tennessee river, taking part in the second day's fight at Shiloh, April 7, 1862; thence to Corinth, Miss. They marched thence to Athens, Ala., and Franklin and Murfreesboro, Tenn., to Nashville; thence to Bowling Green and back to Nashville; thence by Louisville and in pursuit of Bragg to Perryville; thence by Danville and Crab Orchard to the Wildcat Mountains and to Nashville.

In these marches, the Ninth regiment was engaged in the battles of Perryville, Danville and Wildcat Mountain. They afterward marched to Murfreesboro and were at Stone River, Tenn., marching thence over the Cumberland Mountains and the Tennessee river to Chattanooga. They fought at Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge, thence across the Cumberland range again to Bridgeport and to Whiteside, Tenn. Here the soldiers of 'the Ninth re-enlisted as veterans, December 12, 1863, taking veteran furlough, and left Valparaiso, Ind., for the front February 21, 1864, passing through Indianapolis, Louisville, Nashville and Chattanooga to Cleveland, Tenn. The regiment went through the entire Atlantic campaign, during the spring and summer of 1864, marching through Ringgold, Dalton, Resaca, Kingston, Cassville, around Allatoona Mountain, to Ackworth, Big Shanty and Marietta and in the flank movement around Atlanta; through Jonesboro and Lovejoy, and back to Atlanta. In this campaign of months of solid fighting, the soldiers of the Ninth fought at Taylor's Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, Dalton, Resaca, Cassville, Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw, Marietta, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro and Lovejoy. They pursued Hood to Dalton, marching thence to Athens and to Pulaski, Tenn, arriving November i, 1864. It was engaged at Columbia, Tenn., at Franklin and at Nashville, and chased Hood's flying legions to Huntsville, Ala., remaining there from January 6 to March 13, 1865. They then passed into East Tennessee, beyond Bull's Gap, and back to Nashville, reaching it May 25, 1865. It was sent thence to New Orleans and to Texas, remaining as part of Sheridan's Army of occupation till September, 1865, when it was mustered out of "service, in Texas, and the soldiers were sent to their respective homes. The battles of the Ninth Indiana infantry are as follows : Greenbrier, V^a., October 3, 1861 ; Alleghany, Va., December 13, 1861 ; Shiloh, Tenn., April 7, 1862; Corinth (seige). April 11, to May 30, 1862; Perryville, Ky., October 8, 1862; Danville, Ky., 1862; Wildcat Mountain, Ky., October 21, 1862; Stone River, Tenn., December 31, 1862, January i, 2, 1863; Chickamauga, Tenn., September 19, 20, 1863; Lookout Mountain, Ga., November 24, 1863; Mission Ridge, Ga., November 25, 1863; Taylor's Ridge, Ga., ]\Iay, 1864; Buzzard's Roost, Ga., May 8, 1864; Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864; Cassville, Ga., May 19, 1864; Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1864; New Hope Church, Ga., May 25, 1864; Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864; Marietta, Ga., July 3, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., July 21, September 2, 1864; Jonesboro, Ga., September i, 1864; Dalton, Ga., August 15, 1864; Lovejoy, Ga., September 2, 1864; Columbia, Tenn., November 26, 1864; Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., December 15, 16, 1864.

The Ninth regiment, it will be noticed, did their full share of fighting, being engaged in twenty-six battles, to say nothing of skirmishes, etc. Many of them were chief among the engagements of the war - Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickmauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Kenesaw, Franklin, Nashville - ten large battles make a strong showing for the recoFd of the Ninth Indiana.

Substitutes - William C. Blizzard, mustered out September 27, 1865 ; Eli Burkett, died of disease December 18, 1864; Silas S. Clark, Peter Funderburg, mustered out September 28, 1865; Thomas K. Karnes, record indefinite; James McFetridge, died June 17, 1865, disease.

Company H^Wilson Benning, mustered out September 28, 1865; Jonathan Edwards, mustered out June 19, 1865; Robert Engle, record indefinite; Daniel Fry, mustered out August 13, 1865; Henry Garrett, William F. Stillwell, mustered out June 19, 1865; James N. Wright, mustered out June ig, 1865; Jacob D. Bales, mustered out May 30, 1865; Austin F. Conyer, James P. Ellis, Philip W. Miller, mustered out September 28, 1865; James Nicholas, died January 15, 1865; Aaron Oren, mustered out May 30, 1865 (the last six were substitutes).

Company K - David Boocher, mustered out September 28, 1865, absent, sick; Joseph Devoss, mustered out June 20, 1865; David A. Green, discharged May 25. 1865, disability; Joshua Green, mustered out May 23, 1865; John A. Green, Elias Phillips, David A. Switzer, mustered out June 20, 1865; John W. Switzer, discharged June 8, 1865, disability; Isaiah Woodard, died at Knoxville, Tenn., April 30, 1865 ; Sylvester Willey, discharged June 8, 1865, disability; Darius Orr, mustered out May 20, 1865.

Eleventh Indiana Infantry, Three Years

The synopsis of the record of the Eleventh regiment, given in the report of the state adjutant general, stands thus: Upper Potomac (three months), 1861. (29)

Veteranized at Madisonville, La., February i, 1864; took veteran furlough by steamer from New Orleans via New York, and thence by rail, to Indianapolis, arriving February 21, 1864; public reception by Gov. Morton that day; reached New Orleans in return May 8, 1864; came by steamer to Fortress ^lonroe, July 28, 1864. Shenandoah Valley, July 28, 1864, January, 1865; Baltimore, Md., January 7, July 26, 1865; mustered out at Baltimore, July 26, 1865; public reception at Indianapolis, August 4, 1865. The Eleventh Regiment marched 9,318 miles. Battles in which they took part:

Battles Twelfth Regiment

The recruits and drafted men were transferred to the Forty-eighth and Fifty-ninth regiments. -and kept in service another month, being mustered out July 15 and 17, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.

Thirteenth Indiana Infantry, Three Years

It left for the field July 4, 1861, reaching McClellan's forces at the base of Rich Mountain, July 10, going into the action of Rich Mountain the next day, with eight killed and nine wounded. September 12 and 13, the battles of Cheat Mountain and Elkwater were fought, and the Thirteenth was engaged in both.

The regiment fought at Greenbriar and Alleghany, and at Winchester Heights, March 22. 1862, losing six killed and thirty-three wounded; also pursuing Stonewall Jackson to New Market and Columbia Bridge. At Summerville their loss was four wounded and twenty-four prisoners. They marched over the Blue Ridge to McDowell, and were sent back to Shenandoah Valley, June 28, 1862 ; they were sent to Harrison's Landing on the James, and afterward to Fortress Monroe and to Sufifolk on the Nansemond river. There they stayed nine months, engaging in numerous operations. Among them were reconnoissances to Blackwater, October 3, November 7, December 15; battle of Deserted Farm, January 30, 1865.

Repulse of Gen. Longstreet from Suffolk, April 10, May 3, 1863; tearing up forty miles of track from the two railroads May 13 and 19, 1863. They marched 400 miles and lost two killed, nineteen wounded and seven prisoners.

After destroying railroads north of Richmond, the regiment was dispatched to Charleston harbor, reaching Folly Island, August 3, 1863, and taking part in the siege of Forts Wagner and Gregg, entering the first into Fort Wagner in the assault against that fort September 7.

Returning to their flag, the regiment was with Gen. Seymour at Jacksonville in Florida until April 17, 1864, and was then transferred to Gen. Butler's army in front of Richmond, arriving at Bermuda Hundred, May 5, 1864.

They were in the actions of Wathal Junction, May 7, Chester Station, May 16, and Foster's Farm, May 20, losing in the three engagements about two hundred men. They were at Cold Harbor, June .3, and in various actions with the Potomac Army until June 12, and then returned to Bermuda Hundred, aiding in the assault on Petersburg, June 16. The non-veterans left the regiment June 19, going to Indianapolis to be mustered out.

The regiment was at the fatal charge on Petersburg after the explosion of the mine July 30, 1864, as also at Strawberry Plains, Chapin's Bluff and the attack on the rebel works before Richmond, October 10, 1864. They were ordered to New York to assist in preserving order at the elections in

When the non-veterans left, the regiment was formed at first into a battahon of five companies, but was afterward made a full regiment by adding five companies of drafted men.

January 3, 1865, the regiment sailed against Fort Fisher, assisting to capture that stronghold, as also Fort Anderson on the 19th of February, 1865. They were a part of the forces that occupied Wilmington, February 22, and after some weeks marched to Raleigh, arriving April 14, and remaining there until July 20, 1865. Thence they went to Goldsboro, and were mustered out at that place September 5, starting for Indianapolis, September 7, and arriving September 15, 1865, with twenty-nine officers and 550 enlisted men.

Sixteenth Indiana, Three Years

The recruits whose terms of service had not yet expired were transferred to the Thirteenth cavalry, the Sixteenth having served as cavalry for some time with acceptance.

Seventeenth Indiana Infantry, Three Years

Loss in killed and wounded, 238; assisted to capture more than five thousand prisoners; marched more than four thousand miles; captured more than six thousand stand of arms; captured seventy pieces of artillery; captured eleven stands of colors, captured more than three thousand horses and mules.

Regiment engaged in skirmishes in the Atlantic campaign and many places - Pumpkin Vine Church, Big Shanty, Belle Plains Road, Kenesaw, Marietta, Chattahoochie River, Stone Mountain, Flat Rock, New Hope Church, Rome, Coosaville, Leesburg, and Goshen.

Remounted at Louisville, Ky., December 24, 1864, and went South again to Alabama. It fought Roddy and Forrest at Ebenezer Church, Ga., April I, 1865; fought also at Selma, Ala., April 2, capturing four pieces of artillery and 300 prisoners; at Macon, Ga., also, they assisted in taking 3,000 prisoners, five stands of colors, sixty pieces of artillery and 3,000 small arms. The Seventeenth was an exceedingly energetic regiment, and performed efficient and thorough service, which helped greatly in conquering the rebellion and compelling a peace; for all which and for their heroism, and for their great achievements all honor to the gallant Seventeenth Indiana.

Nineteenth Indiana Infantry, Three Years

The Nineteenth had not nearly so large a field of operations as some others, spending its whole four years in the Army of the Potomac. But what it lacked in extent of territory was made up in severity of service. In sickness, in loss by killed and wounded and prisoners and death by disease, the sufferings and hardships of the old Ninetenth were wonderful. Its first experience of battle was at Lewinsville, but by no means its last. At Gainesville and Manassas Junction, South Mountain and Antietam, and the terribly fatal attack on Fredericksburg, at Gettysburg and the fearful M'ilderness campaign, ever in the post of danger and of death, the brigade composed in part of the Nineteenth, long before the battle of Gettysburg had richly earned the name by which it was known throughout the Potomac Army - "The Iron Brigade."

Leaving Indianapolis August 5, 1861, it joined forthwith the Potomac Army August 9. x^t Lewinsville they were engaged with a slight loss ot three killed and wounded, and three prisoners. They were in the engagement at Falls Church September 28, and wintered at Fort Craig, on Arlington Heights. The regiment spent the spring and summer until August in reconnoissances in \'irginia, marching to Fredericksburg, to the Shenandoah Valley, to Warrenton, to Fredericksburg again, Spottsylvania and Cedar Mountain. At Gainesville, their loss was heavy - 187 killed and wounded, ana thirty-three missing.

Maj. Isaac M. May fell in that action. They were engaged at Manassas Junction, and not long after at South Mountain, September 14, 1862, with forty killed and wounded, and again in the world-renowned conflict of Antietam September 17, 1862, with fearful hardships and heavy loss, their Lieutenant Colonel, Alois O. Bachman, being killed on that awful field of blood and slaughter.

They marched to Gettysburg, arriving on the morning of July i, 1863. A large part of the regiment was captured in that battle, and the poor sufferers spent weary months in those dens of unspeakable horror, the rebel prisonpens. The "Iron Brigade" opened the battle of Gettysburg about 9 o'clock in the morning of July i, the Nineteenth being the regiment first engaged.

In the campaign of the Wilderness, during the summer of 1864, the Nineteenth was conspicuous in the sanguinary contest of that memorable period.

During the winter of 1864, a portion of the remnant of the Nineteenth re-erilisted as veterans. Col. Williams was killed in the Wilderness, and Lieut. Col. Lindley took his place.

The old regiments had become so reduced that a consolidation was effected in the fall of 1864. The Fourteenth and Twentieth were united as the ne\\ Twentieth. The Seventh and the Nineteenth were joined as the new . Nineteenth September 23, 1864.

The two new regiments were again consolidated as the Twentieth, October 18, 1864, with Col. \A'illiam Orr as the commanding officer. The Twentieth was mustered out at Louisville July 12, 1865.

Great numbers were killed and wounded, and a far greater number died of disease, and still more were discharged for disability. Four regiments were consolidated into one, and only a meager few remained even then to recount the story of their achievements. Out of 5.801 men who had belonged to the four regiment, there were present at the final muster-out of the Twentieth Regiment -barely twenty-three officers and 390 men. The soul shudders at the incalculable sacrifice of health and life, and the unspeakable burden of human suffering wrapped up in the bare statement of statistics given above - 5.801 men reduced to 410. Alas! alas! how little knew or cared the reckless men who struck the fatal blow that opened the mortal strife what a bitter fountain of poisonous, deadly waters was by their fratricidal hand unsealed to pour its fatal flood widespread over the horrorstricken land!

Engagements Of The Nineteenth Indiana

Members of the Nineteenth Indiana credited to Randolph county ; Company C, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry - Captain, Robert W. Hamilton; resigned October 23, 1863.

William W. Macy, wounded at South Mountain; promoted First Lieutenant; Captain of Company I, Twentieth Regiment; transferred to Company A, Twentieth Regiment; mustered out with regiment.

Isaac N. Frazee, appointed Sergeant of the One Hundredth, Company H, promoted Second Lieutenant; First Lieutenant; Captain; mustered out with regiment.

Hugh M. Strain, Company K, recruit, October 23, 1862 ; wounded at Wilderness; transferred to Twentieth Regiment; mustered out July 12, 1865.

Twentieth Indiana, Three Years Statistics

The first duty performed by the Twentieth was to guard the Northern Central railroad in Maryland. September 24, 1861, it was sent to Hatteras Inlet, N. C. Remaining there till November 9, they returned to Fortress Monroe. Lying in camp there till March, 1862, the Twentieth moved to Newport News, taking part in the conflict between the steamers Merrimac, Cumberland and Congress, keeping the rebel captors from taking possession of the Congress after she had struck her colors. May 10, 1862, it assisted in capturing Norfolk, joining«-afterward the Potomac Army in the Peninsula. On the 24th of June, it was severely engaged at the "Orchards," with a loss of officers and men. The regiment was in all the battles of the "Seven Days" except Glendale, or Frazier's Farm, losing heavily. Forming part of the flank guard of the Potomac Army across the Peninsula to Yorktown, they were sent to Alexandria, to the Rappahannock and to Manassas Plains, taking part in the battle there August 29, 1862, losing Col. Brown early in the action. September i, the regiment was in the battle of Chantilly, moving thence to Arlington Heights. October 11, they undertook to intercept Stuart's cavalry raid, but were too late by ten hours. They were at Fredericksburg December 13, and took a chief part at Chancellorsville. They captured the Twenty-third Georgia, stronger in numbers than themselves. They n^ned to Gettysburg in time for the second day of that great battle, losing there the officer in command, the gallant Col. Wheeler. They joined in the pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, and were ordered to New York City to prevent threatened draft riots in that metropolis. The regiment returned to the Potomac; was engaged at Locust Grove and Mine Run, and went into winter cjuarters. Januar}- i, 1864, the regiment veteranized and the veterans took their home furlough.

They crossed the Rapidan with Grant's army, and helped fight the battles of the Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Po River, Spottsylvania, Tollopotanni and Cold Harbor. There the Fourteenth and the Twentieth were consolidated. They then crossed the James to the battles of Deep Bottom and Strawberry Plains, and then to the trenches before Petersburg, under fire every day, losing many men. Here Lieut. Col. George W. Mikel lost his life. October 18, 1864, the consolidated Nineteenth was united with the new Twentieth, taking the name of the Twentieth, and the commanding officer, Col. James Orr, from the Nineteenth. The new regiment lay in the works before Petersburg until spring, except in the advance on the Weldon railroad. It took part at Preble's House and Hatcher's Run, and in all the engagements on the left from Hatcher's Run to the capture of Richmond. The, last engagement by the regiment with the enemy was at Clover Hill, April 9, 1865.

The regiment shortly moved to Washington, and thence to Louisville, Ky., June 14, 1865. The men were mustered out July 12, 1865, numbering twenty-three officers and 390 men.

Hatteras Bank, Merrimac and Congress, Fair Oaks, Orchards, Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, Manassas Plains, Chantilly, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- Ville, Gettysburg, Manassas Gap, Locust Grove, Mine Run, Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Po River, Spottsylvania, Tollopotanni and Cold Harbor; assault and siege of Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Prebble's House, Hatcher's Run, Clover Hill.