Warrick County, Indiana - The whole text, 1881 (part 3 of 4)

In 1 86 1 when President Lincoln issued his first proclamation for 75,000 men, it created intense excitement in this locality. The President was pronounced as a tyrant and usurper, and the call was characterized as unconstitutional, and an outrage upon the South. Judge Moore took the side of his country, procured posters to be struck and put up, calling meetings all over the county, at which he appeared, justified the action of the President, and urged the young men to enlist, to maintain the integrity of the Union. In 1862 he, notwithstanding his age, enlisted as a private in Capt. Pace's Company, 1st Ind. Cav., Governor Baker commanding, and went with his regiment to the Southwest, and participated in the battle of Frederickstown. He remained with his regiment nearly two years, but a soldier's life proved too much for his constitution, and he was compelled to accept a discharge, much against his wishes.

He was a man of great firmness of will and energy of purpose in what he conceived to be right. When he moved to the farm we have mentioned, it, like almost all others, was incumbered with deadened timber, which had to be removed before it could be cultivated with any success or profit. It was then the universal custom to have whiskey at all log-rollings, barn-raisings, etc. He determined not to have whiskey on his farm, and so expressed himself. His neighbors remonstrated, and assured him that he would not be able to get his logs rolled, barns raised, or harvesting done without it. He persisted in his determination, and to the credit of the neighbors, be it said, not one refused to assist him. The good example he set was soon followed by all, and thus a pernicious, degrading custom was entirely abrogated.

When he moved to this county he found no Presbyterian church, nor any Presbyterians ; but believing it to be his duty to unite himself with some one of the numerous families of the church of God, he chose the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he remained a consistent and acceptable member from about 1830 until the time of his death. In those early days preachers were few, and church houses still fewer. His house was often used as a preaching place and has ever been a welcome house to the itinerant : those moral heroes who worked out the way for the car of progress, and to whom we are so greatly indebted for our advanced positions, in respect to religion and intelligence.

Thus lived and died an honest man, a sincere christian, a kind husband and an indulgent father, of whom it may be said that " his last days were his best days."

He left as his widow the wife of his early years, two daughters, Mrs. T. W. Hammond and Mrs. J. B. Ashley ; and two sons, Isaac S., and Robert D. O. Moore; several grandchildren, and a large circle of friends to mourn his loss. - From Boonvllle Enquirer.

Robert Perigo

ROBERT PERIGO. There are very few persons in Warrick county who don't know Robert Perigo. He has been a resident of the county over fifty years, and is one of its most prominent citizens. He was born in Ohio county, Kentucky, September 6th, 1818, and his parents were Jonathan and Isabella Perigo. His father was a farmer in good circumstances. He removed to Warrick county when Robert was six months old settling near Boonville. The first school he ever attended was held in the old court-house at Boonville, three miles distant from where his father lived, which he was compelled to walk daily. The teacher of this school was Thomas Fitzgerald, a man of rare scholastic attainments for the time and place, who was afterwards Lieutenant-Governor of Michigan, and a prominent politician. Mr. Perigo was an apt student, and received what was regarded as a very good common school education at that day. When twenty years old he was granted permission to leave home and work at whatever he wanted to. He obtained employment with General Joe Lane, who at that time was proprietor of a wood-yard, situated just below Three Mile Island, in Vanderburgh county. Mr. Perigo's duties consisted of attending to the books and general business of his employer, who was frequently absent from home. He was, of course, very intimately acquainted with the affairs of Lane, who at that time was a very popular and influential man, and he can relate many interesting reminiscences of the illustrious veteran. He remained in Lane's employ about three years, and he remembers him as the most genial and sociable person he ever met.

September 12th, 1838, Mr. Perigo was married to Elizabeth Youngblood, a daughter of the Rev. John W. Youngblood. The results of this marriage were eleven children - nine girls and two boys - all of whom are still living, except two. After his marriage Mr. Perigo engaged in farming, where he now lives. He held the office of trustee of Boon township during the entire time the old congressional township division was in force. In 1864 he was nominated by the Democratic party for representative of Warrick county, and was elected by a majority of 156 over James F. St. Clair, Esq,, which was a notable victory at that time. He was an active member of the sessions of the Indiana Legislature in 1865-66. He was re-elected representative in 1876, and was a member of the session of the Legislature of 1877. He has held various minor offices. As a parliamentarian he has few equals in Warrick county. He is a Democrat, and has never sustained a defeat but once for any office for which he was a candidate. His career has been a notable one in local politics.

George L. Masters

GEORGE L. MASTERS. Among those of the present day who, by their own efforts, have attained the position in our county of active and prominent business men none are more worthy of mention than George Lafayette Masters, whose career, in many respects, is interesting and remarkable. He was born on a farm in the " flats" of Cypress creek, in Warrick county, on August 25th, 1845. His father, Joseph Masters, was a quiet, unassuming man, and a farmer by occupation. His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Hudspeth, and her parents were among the first settlers of Warrick county.

The boyhood days of George Masters were spent on his father's farm, and, as a farmer's boy, he was accustomed to the hard work by which farm life is usually attended. Even in those days of limited educational advantages his opportunities for obtaining an education were poorer than those of most boys, and when in the very prime of his boyhood, and when others of his age were in the school-room, he sacrificed his only chance for obtaining an education and responded lo the call of his country for soldiers to put down the rebellion.

On September 20th, 1861, when only sixteen years of age, he enlisted in the Forty-Second Indiana Regiment, Company K, which was commanded by his brother, Captain James H. Masters. In the engagement with Bragg's army at Perryville, Kentucky, on the 8th of October, 1862, he was wounded through the abdomen, and was consequently t onfined to the hospital severed weeks. While yet unable for duty he was placed in the headquarters of the medical department at New Albany, Indiana, as chief clerk, which position he filled satisfactorily until he had recovered sufficiently to return to the ranks of his company.

In August, 1863, he returned to duty in his regiment. In the battle of Rasacca, Georgia, on the 14th of' May, 1864, he was wounded in the shoulder and also through the lower lobe of the right lung by a one and a quarter ounce ball, while making a charge on the enemy. When picked up by his comrades they supposed he was dead. For a long time he laid in the field hospital, and his death was regarded by his friends as inevitable. Finally he was taken to Nashville, and placed in the hospital at that place, where he remained for several weeks. As soon as able to travel he was furloughed, and returned home. He participated in the battles of Perryville, Ky., Lookout Mountain, Chicamauga and Mission Ridge, besides numerous little skir mishes. He held an appointment as postmaster of his regiment

In 1866, in partnership with his brother, Thomas N. Masters, he purchased the stock of clothing, boots, shoes, etc., owned by Nicholas C. Allen, ana, having no capital whatever, but a reputation for honesty and good credit, gave promissory notes to the amount of $1,800 for payment for the goods. July 4th Thomas Masters died, leaving George with the entire business to control, and a debt of $1,200 to pay off. To the inexperienced young business man, upon whose shoulders a burden was now resting to which most men would have succumbed, this was doubtless the gloomiest period of his life; but his cares he kept safely buttoned within his own vest, and even his most intimate friends never suspected the fears which "hovered like a blight over his spirit," and caused him many sleepless nights Although without experience in business, and compelled to strive against established competitors, he succcded by shrewd management in making all payments on the promissory notes which he and his brother had given, and paid all outstanding debts.

In the fall of 1866 Jasper Hargrave, then a resident of Evansville, visited Boonville, and calling on Mr. Masters, after passing the customary remarks of the day, commenced negotiations for the purchase of an interest in his store. Within ten minutes afterwards the doors of the store were closed and the two were invoicing the stock. A partnership was summarily consummated, which continued until January, 1868, when their store was destroyed by fire. The remnants of the stock were sold to Hudspeth Brothers, with whom Masters accepted a position as clerk, which he held about three months. He then opened a store on the east side of the public square in Boonville, which was known as the "Red Front/' his stock consisting of boots and shoes only. Jasper Hargrave, his former partner, again approached him one day, stating that he had purchased the building adjoining the St. Charles hotel, and proposed a partnership in the clothing, boot and shoe business, to which Mr. Masters assented. In a short time the two were in their new quarters and again doing a prosperous trade. This partnership continued until about 1870, when Hargrave retired, and Masters shortly afterward sold the stock of goods to E. W. Bethell and Thomas J. Downs. During the following summer he engaged in farming, but in the fall returned to town and bought BethelPs interest in the clothing store, when the firm became Downs & Masters. This partnership continued until 187 1, when Downs retired and the business was for a short time conducted under the firm name of G. L. Masters & Co. In 1872 Colman Miller purchased an interest in the store and the firm became Masters, Miller & Co., which was dissolved in the latter part of 1874, G. L. Masters becoming the sole proprietor of the establishment.

In February, 1878, he received the appointment as postmaster of Boonville without seeking the position or having thought of the matter. At the time he took charge of the office it was in a bad state, but under his management it has improved, until to-day no postoffice of like proportions stands higher at the Postoffice Department in Washington. The mail handled and revenue receipts have increased to an amount somewhat remarkable for an interior town, and the system with which the office works is highly satisfactory to our citizens generally.

Mr. Masters never took an active part in politics until the compaign of 1880, when he demonstrated considerable sagacity and influence as a party leader. Politically he is a Republican, and is recognized in his party ranks as an indispensable factor.

Rev J. W. Young-Blood

REV J. W. YOUNG-BLOOD. Rev. J. W. Youngblood was a South Carolinian by birth, having been born in the Abbeville District, in 1796, and is now in his seventy-seventh year. His parents were Samuel and Jane Youngblood. The father was an old Revolutionary soldier, and suffered much in that war, often being robbed and plundered by the Tories. There were ten children in the family - seven sons and three daughters - most of them living to be grown, our subject being the eighth one of the family. The mother died when he was about twelve years old, and his father then broke up housekeeping, leaving his children without the kindly influences of a living mother. They had no education, for their father was poor and in a slave country, where the common class had little opportunity to better their condition. Understanding these disadvantages, and hearing of the new territories opened up to emigration, the father concluded to bring our subject and his youngest brother to Tennessee to live among some acquaintances and some kinsfolk. They left South Carolina with only one horse for the three, came through the State of Georgia, where they stopped a short time to recruit, they then turned through the Cherokee country, and had an opportunity of seeing a great number of these Indians e /ery day. They were generally friendly when they were not drinking, but when intoxicated could not be trusted. Rev. Youngblood calls up often to his friends many incidents that happened as the party passed through this nation. His father was quite a hunter, and had got a large bell to put on their horse, so that when camping out they would take a couple of hickory withes and plait them together and make what was called hopples, and fasten the bell upon the horse for the night. Game was plenty in the nation, and the father had brought his rifle with him, and would often give his sons the large bell to rattle along the road, while he would look for a deer through the brush. One day as they were rattling the bell along the road, the father stayed out hunting for so long a time that the boys became uneasy lest something had befallen him, and they concluded to turn back. Being alarmed, they continued to ring the bell, and commenced shouting at the top of their voices. The noise soon gathered a large crowd of Indians, and one of them spoke to the boys very roughly, and wanted to know what they meant by so much fuss. They were quieted, however, as soon as the lads were

Their journey proceeded, and they entered the State of Tennessee some time in August, 1811, where they remained about one year, and then came to Kentucky, staying there also about

At this time the subject of our sketch came to Indiana Territory, this part of the country at that time being very thinly settled, but the people were very friendly, and dependent much, on each other, the rules of good neighbors being observed very generally.

the Indian moccasin tracks had hardly disappeared. The game, such as bear, deer, elk, wolves and panthers, were in great abundance, and their meat served largely to feed the people.

About the fall of 1813, our subject came to this section, and was married September 21st, 181 5, to Ann Musgrave, the ceremony being probably one of the earliest performed in our immediate vicinity.

Eleven children were born to them, one daughter only dying in infancy, the rest growing up to be heads of families, and all but three are still living.

It may be interesting to the reader to know how the people managed to live in this country at that early day. Of course they were comparatively poor and moneyless. They .did not live so fast nor so extravagant as they do at the present time.

There were no mills and every man made his own mill and ground his own meal, and baked his own bread, sometimes in the ashes, and sometimes on a board before the fire, and again in what we called a " dutch oven." And no complaints against fortune went up from their rude tents.

For clothing, they exchanged their merchandise, transported by pack horses to the Cotton States, where they purchased the cotton, brought it back with them, and the women would card, spin and weave it by hand. One of these home-made garments Vould outwear three of the factory work.

Buckskin pants were considered elegant The first time our subject ever saw Governor Ratliff Boon he remembers that he was dressed in his buckskin hunting apparel*

There was no church or school -house throughout the entire region. The people were rough, and the only way they heard the gospel in their smoky cabins was when some minister who was pioneering in the western wilds would come into their settlement and assemble a congregation.

And God often wonderfully blessed the labors of those faithful men. They had much to contend with, for the new country was sorely infested with horse thieves, counterfeiters and housebreakers.

regard to the rough pioneer life of these early days ; and no one can listen to him without feeling a profound reverence for this reverend gentleman himself, who, after a life of noble deeds, calmly awaits the call of his Master.

No one is more eloquent and sanguine than he in regard to the progress of our country, the clearing of a wilderness and the cultivation of the soil ; the building of churches; the establishing Sabbath-schools for the benefit of the young. The rise and progress in the arts and sciences, even during the last half century ; from all the inconveniences of the early days, he has lived to see railroads, steamboats and the electric telegraph.

The life of this worthy gentleman is so intimately connected with the hardships of a by-gone generation, that a description, as given, was necessary, in order that the reader could properly appreciate trials. After his father had settled his boys in Ten- ' nessee, he left them to their fate and returned to Carolina, where, while settling up his business, he died. Shortly after his marriage our subject joined the Methodist Episcopal church, and not very long afterwards the church gave him authority to preach ; and for some forty years he has labored zealously in the cause of Christ, doing much good throughout this section. He has often labored with his own hands for his support, and never coveted any man's silver and gold, or apparel - preaching the truth, as it is in Jesus.

He is now the last one of the old ministers that is yet living. Almost all of the old settlers who were living when he began his ministerial labors have died or removed to distant lands ; but the reputation of Rev. J. W. Youngblood, for kindness to the poor, for generosity to his fellow-men, as well as his fervent piety and devotion to the cause of his Master, will never be forgotten. - From Evansville and its Men of Mark.

T. B. Hart

T. B. HART. Thompson B. Hart, the fifth of a family of ten children of William and Sallie Hart, was born April ist, 1836, five miles north of Boonville. His father, who was a soldier in the war of 181 2, was a native of Mercer county, Kentucky, and he came to Warrick county with the grandfather of the subject of this sketch at a very early day. His mother was a native of South Carolina, and was a very pious and consistent lady. She was a member of the Christian church for a number of years. She took great care to instill in the mind of her children lessons of moral and social duty, and she endeavored to " raise

When nineteen years of age he commenced the study of medicine ; but his father's last request, before dying, was that Thompson should take charge of the farm, and help support the widowed mother and younger children ; hence, after his father's death, he relinquished the study of medicine, and did as requested. Faithful to his trust, he remained on the home farm about nine years. Early in life he manifested a marked dispo-

January 15th, .1867, Mr. Hart was married to Susan K. Stone, a very intelligent lady, and daughter of Jehu Stone, Esq., one of the earliest and most extensive tobacco buyers of Warrick county. The fruits of this union has been seven children.

Mr. Hart is a quiet, unassuming man, and is no political aspirant, as his business has been sufficient to require all his attention. However, he was solicited by his friends to be a candidate for State Senator in 1878, and he was the nominee of the Democratic party. He was elected, and has been a member of the State Senate during 1878-80-81.

During his official career he has been a slave to the best interests of his constituents, and an honor to the district which he represented.

W. J. HARGRAVE. William Jasper Hargrave was born in Warrick county, two miles north of Boonville, on February 10th, 1833. He is a grandson of Rev. William Webb, one of the pioneer preachers, who came to Warrick county as early as 18 16, and the nearest neighbor north of where he lived at that time was ten miles distant. The educational advantages of Jasper, as he is familiarly called, were limited to the common schools of Warrick county at that time, and his boyhood was spent on the farm. He was married to Lou Ann Day, daughter of the venerable William Day, on June 8th, 1854. She died in January, 1877. The fruits of this union were six children, four of whom are now

Hudspeth, Adams & Co., (now Hudspeth, Curtis & Co.,) of Evansville, from January, 1866, until July, 1868, when he returned to Warrick county and engaged in business with G. L. Masters. He was also interested in the dry goods firm of I. W. Adams & Co. for some time.

His public career, which has been a notable one in Warrick politics, began in 1859, when he was elected county clerk. On account of ill-health he refused to be a candidate for re-election. In 1872 he was the Republican candidate for county treasurer. Although the Democratic majority in the county at that time was about 350, he was elected by a majority of 75. He was re-elected by the overwhelming majority of 358. For several years he was the only Republican in Warrick county who could be elected to office. Since he retired from office in 1876 he has lived on his farm, but in July, 1881, he purchased the one-half interest of Thos. J. Downs in the Elk Horn flouring mill. February 3, 1878, he was married to Elvira E. Chapman. He is esteemed for his strict integrity, and has attained a popularity and reputation among his fellow-citizens which will live after him.

Thos. J. Downs

THOS. J. DOWNS. In great and free America, where the power of wealth and glory of political and social distinction is open to all who have the talent and industry to attain them, the greatest pride of the people are self-made men - the fruits of a Republican form of government. Their rise from humble youth to the position of power and influence must stimulate the efforts of all who desire to better their condition. There are few whose histories better illustrate what can be accomplished by energy and integrity than the subject of this sketch. Thomas J. Downs is a true type of the self-made man.

He was bron April 13, 1834, in Ohio county, Kentucky, where his grandfather, Thomas Downs, was an early settler. He was a minister in the Missionary Baptist church, and in his rounds had travelled over large portions of Indiana and Kentucky. He was generally considered a man of more than ordinary ability. He was one of two brothers of English descent, from which sprang all those bearing that name in this country. He died in 1850, in the seventy-sixth year of his age. His son William, the father of Thomas J., died two years previous. He was a farmer in comfortable circumstances, an honest, upright citizen, plain and simple in his manner, a man of few words, but tenacious of his opinions when he believed himself in the right. By the death of his father, which occurred when Thomas J. Downs, the immediate subject of this sketch, was but fourteen years of age, he was withdrawn from school, and cheerfully assumed, until he attained his majority, almost the sole responsibility of providing for the family. In 1855 he removed to Warrick county and worked at his trade as a carpenter. In 186 1, at the breaking out of the war, he joined the 42nd Indiana Volunteer Infantry as a musician, but by general orders was mustered out of the service six months afterwards.

In the fall of 1863 he enlisted a number of men for the 120th Indiana regiment (see history Company E, 120th regiment) and was unanimously elected captain. This body participated in the Atlantic campaign and in the hard-fought battles at Nashville and Franklin. They were then transferred to North Carolina, where, at the battle of Wise Fork he was wounded in the back of the head, and was mustered out of the service at Newbern in May, 1865.

In the fall of 1865 he was elected auditor of Warrick county on the Republican ticket by a majority of twelve votes over Adolph Miehle, the Democratic candidate, the majority of the latter party having been from 150 to 200 prior to that time. At the expiration of his term of office he engaged in the mercantile business and farming for the next five years. In 1875 ne Pur_ chased a half interest in the Elk Horn flouring mill of Boonville and continued in that business until July, 1881, when he purchased a large farm two miles north of Boonville, and now lives in the quietude of farm life.

His mother, who was a King, is still living, and now in her old age retains all her mental faculties to a wonderful degree. She possesses a master mind and has lived a consistent christian life, leaving to others a worthy example for emulation. She is a member of many years standing in the Predestinarian Baptist church.

From this brief outline of a busy life, furnished with commendable modesty by Mr. Downs, a useful lesson may be drawn. Commencing the battle of life friendless and poor, at an age when most children are still in the nursery, he has lived to see himself a power for good in the community where he dwells. Believing at the outset that a good name is better than riches, with no ambition for public office, he has been governed since youth by those fixed principles of honor and rectitude which stamp him to-day as an hon'est man, an exemplary citizen and a kind husband. He is of a jovial, complaisant disposition, and to be liked needs only to be known. He is quick of thought and has a sound and original opinion upon every topic, and expresses himself in language that is marked by its simplicity and correctness. In a brief sketch of this kind the most that can be said of him is that he is pre-eminently one of the men of mark of Warrick county.

service, and during the political campaigns in the years 1872, 1874 and 1878 was chairman of the Republican Central Committee of Warrick county. - From American Biographical History of Eminent a fid Self-made Men of Indiana.

Hansel M. Scales

HANSEL M. SCALES. As a self-made man and exemplary citizen, Hansel Marion Scales, treasurer of Warrick county, deserves mention among the men of the present. He was born in Lane township, Warrick county, November 30th, 1841. His father, John Scales, was a son of William Scales (see sketch), and was born in Gibson county, Indiana, in 1809. He was a farmer, and lived just within the county line (adjoining Warrick), in Lockhart township. He was married to Louisa Bogan, whose parents were among the early settlers of the county, and they reared a large family of children - eleven in all. He was two or three times elected assessor of Lockhart township. He died in i860. While a boy, Hansel worked on his father's farm, and was not even given the full benefit of the very poor school advantages at that time. When seventeen years old he was given a position as clerk in the store of Abraham Chambers, at Lynnville. In i860 he taught school in Lane township, and after that engaged in farming. December 17, 1863, he was married to Lorenna Robinson, of this county. The result of this union has been four children. In 1867 he was elected justice of the peace of Lane township, but shortly afterwards resigned. In 1870 he was elected assessor of Lane township on the Democratic ticket, and at the expiration of his term of office was re-elected. He was elected trustee of the same township in 1873, an<^ ne^ tne °^CG tw0 terms. In 1880 he received the Democratic nomination for treasurer of Warrick county, and was elected. It is to his own efforts that Mr.

Scales is indebted for his present good standing. He is a man that at once favorably impresses one by his plain, unaffected, honest manners, and sincere cordiality. He is well known throughout the county, especially in the interior part, and is highly esteemed. While he is not a politician, he has always

S. L. TYNER, M. D. Chance not only has much to do at times with furthering men's progress in life, but has frequently been the cause of their adopting those very callings in which they afterwards attain a high degree of excellence, and, in some cases, become famous. Sir Robert Wilson, a general of distinction, would, in all likelihood, have adopted the law as his profession had it not been for a chance introduction to the Duke of York, which changed what might have been an indifferent lawyer into an able general. Gen. U. S. Grant's entrance upon a military career is said to be due to a circumstance of chance when a boy by borrowing butter from a neighbor one morning. Dr. Tyner's adoption of the medical profession is due to a fortunate and somewhat amusing circumstance. At the close of the war, in 1865, ne returned home with the intention of engaging in farming. He began plowing the ground, and had doubtless been at work an hour or two when the horses, getting into a hornet's nest, ran away, tearing the plow and harness into flinders. Thoroughly disgusted, he went to the house, determined to engage in a more congenial business. After a conversation with his wife as to the stock of money on hand he decided to study medicine. Accordingly he entered Rush Medical College of Chicago, September 28, 1865, and after attending the first course of lectures, commenced practicing at Somerville, Gibson county. In 1869 he again entered college, and graduated the same year. He returned home and engaged in practice at Lynnville until 1876, when he removed to Boonville, forming a partnership with Dr. Scales. However, he returned to Lynnville in 1878, where he lias since remained in the enjoyment of a wide practice.

Dr. Tyner was born in Cynthiana, Posey county, Ind., July 30th, 1838. His education was limited to fifteen months in the common schools of that time, and from* his sixteenth to his twenty-second year he was engaged in blacksmithing. September 20th, 1 86 1, he enlisted in company K, 42d regiment Indiana volunteers, and participated in all the battles and skirmishes in which his company was engaged* At Goldsboro, N. C, he passed examination, and was commissioned as a surgeon in the army. He was mustered out of the service on July 28th, 1865. He is spoken of by his comrades as a brave and noble-hearted soldier, whose duty to his country as a patriotic citizen was ever uppermost in his mind.

Dr. Tyner was married to Mary J . Zimmerman, of Warrick county, April 13, 1858. She died January 21, 1859, less than one year after their marriage.

Dr. Tyner is devoted to his profession, and he is esteemed for his ability and admirable personal qualities by his fellow physicians. He has attained considerable success as a medical practitioner, and in county affairs generally he is one of the foremost citizens.

A large per cent of the business men of Warrick county are natives of Germany. They are nearly all men who came here with almost nothing, and have acquired means by frugality and careful management. They are now the back-bone of the county. Charles Gordner, sr. , is a worthy representative of this class. He is the son of Phillip and Louisa Gordner, and was born at Abendtheier, Birkenfeld, in Germany, January 17th, 1830. His father was a miller and in good circumstances. He received an ordinary school education, and at sixteen years of age was apprenticed for two years to learn blacksmithing. He travelled four years following his trade.

drayman for taking his baggage from the wharf-boat. The first man whose acquaintance he formed was William Heilman, who at once became his friend and gave him employment in the foundry. However, after working here several weeks he fell sick and lost his position. When he recovered he worked at whatever he could get to do until March, 1856, when he came to Boonville, and here formed a partnership with Phillip Schneider in the blacksmithing business, but it was dissolved a short time afterwards, leaving Mr. Gordner in debt. He then entered into partnership with McCoy Casey in the same business, but it, too, was soon dissolved on account of Casey's ill-health. Being now considerably in debt and much discouraged, Mr. Gordner went to Samuel Orr, of Evansville, who had been supplying him with iron, related his misfortunes and stated that with the little money on hand he wanted to pay off his indebtedness and relinquish the business. Orr told him to return to Boonville and go to work ; that he (Orr) would supply him with iron, which he might pay for whenever able. Mr. Gordner did as he was advised and in this manner was enabled to continue business, owing Samuel Orr as high as two and three hundred dollars up to 1863. Mr. Gordner is now in easy circumstances, but he still feels grateful to William Heilman and Samuel Orr, who were his steadfast friends when in need. Physically, Mr. Gordner is of low stature, but corpulent and robust, and his physiognomy bears a close resemblance to that of William Heilman. Mr. Gordner has never sought office himself, but he is a strong Republican, and a very influential member of his party, as well as a leading citizen.

William B. Scales, a leading practitioner of medicine of Boonville, was born in Pigeon township, Warrick county, on October 9th, 1841. His father, Thomas Scales, was recorder of Warrick county from 1867 to 1875, and was an old resident of the county, having settled in this section with his father in 1807 (see sketch of William Scales). He was married to Sarah Bogan, a native of Kentucky, in June, 1826, and they had five children - three girls and two boys - of whom the subject of this sketch is the youngest.

At the age of seventeen years William B. Scales, like many other young men of the present, commenced teaching school for the purpose of earning money with which to qualify himself for his chosen pursuit in life, and taught several terms. He attended the academy at Dale, Spencer county, which was one of the best educational institutions in Southern Indiana, during 1859 and i860. His parents wanted him to become a lawyer, but he preferred the study of medicine, and he became a student in the office of Dr. Wm. T. Houghland, of Taylorsville, from 1864 to 1867, when he entered the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati. After completing his first course in college he commenced practicing at West Buena Vista, Gibson county, where he remained five years, and then moved to Boonville. In 1876 he formed a partnership with Dr. S. L. Tyner, and during the winters of 1877-8 he again attended the medical college, completing his course.

The partnership with Dr. Tyner was dissolved in 1878, and in January, 1879, another was formed with Dr. T. J. Hargan. In 1863 Dr. Scales enlisted in the 91st Indiana regiment, company B, under Captain Bogan ; but on account of ill health was discharged, after being in the field three months. He was married to Emma Badger, on April 2, 1868. Dr. Scales has been remarkably successful in his profession. He has established an enviable reputation in this county as a skillful physician, and enjoys an extensive practice.

Gustavus Schreiber

GUSTAVUS SCHREIBER. Gustavus Schreiber was born at Herford, Prussia, October 2, 1839. His parents, August and Albertine Schreiber, were in good circumstances, and his father was an officer of the probate court in his native city. Gustavus attended the high school at Herford, which was superior to many of our American colleges, where thoroughness is compulsory, and he obtained a good school education. At fifteen years of age he obtained a position as a clerk in the Transportation and Banking House at Minden,

Prussia, where he remained four years, and it was here he acquired much of the excellent business knowledge, which has been of great service to him in after years* He was afterwards a travelling salesman for wholesale hardware dealers in Prussia. In 1865 he emigrated to this country, arriving at New York on the first day of May in that year. He came direct to Evansville, Indiana, where he obtained employment with Topf & Long, wholesale saddle and harness dealers, as book-keeper for the firm, and he remained with them a little over a year. In the fall of 1866 he became acquainted with Victor Bisch, auditor of Vanderburgh county at that time, who offered him a position as clerk in the auditor's office, which he accepted in order that he might become more familiar with the English language. He relinquished this place after holding it one year, and in 1867 accepted a position with Major Blythe Hynes, at that time clerk of Vanderburgh county, which, however, he also relinquished at the end of five months, having been appointed by Victor Bisch as deputy assessor of Vanderburgh county. On account of the sickness of the assessor Mr. Schreiber was employed until May,

1868, in making the assessment. In 1868 he was married to Babetta Kuechler, of Evansville, a native of Hesse Darmstadt, Germany. In July of the same year he moved to Inglefield, Vanderburgh county, where he engaged in the grocery business. He removed to Buckskin, Gibson county, Indiana, in February

1869, and in partnership with his brother-in-law kept a grocery store. In January, 1871, Mr. Schreiber came toBoonville, and engaged in the hardware and grocery trade with Wm. Kinderman, but in 1875 this partnership was dissolved, since when he has continued in the business himself, conducting it on a larger scale and enjoying an extensive patronage. Mr. Schreiber is an excellent accountant and possesses extraordinary business qualifications. In 1878 he was chosen at the Democratic primary election as the candidate of that party for auditor of Warrick county, but was defeated by a very small majority. However, this defeat was not caused by personal unpopularity, but by odious issues sprung by the opposition at that time which had no individual relation whatever to him, and no such charge was even made during the campaign. He was renominated for the office by the Democratic convention in 1880, but owing to the annullment by the Supreme Court of the constitutional amendments, making the election of auditor unnecessary that year, the candidacy was of course abandoned. He has served four terms as councilman of Boonville, besides holding various minor offices of trust and honor, and some of the most important offices in the several secret societies of which he is a leading member. Mr. Schreiber is one of the best business men in Southern Indiana, and he has earned an excellent reputation for integrity. In political matters he has always taken an active part with the Democratic party. Mr. Schreiber's true worth is known only by those who have enjoyed his intimate acquaintance. He never talks to the public and hence the public knows nothing of the man. The freedom of thought and action is sacred to him, and honor and honesty guides him in his intercourse with men.

C. J. KEEGAN, M. D. Dr. Charles J. Keegan, who has been a practicing physician at Miilersburg for twenty-three years, was born in Vanderburgh county, January 15th, '1832. His parents, Patrick and Eliza M. Keegan, were natives of Longford county, Ireland, and came to this country in their youth. Dr. Keegan obtained a common school education, and commenced the study of medicine under Dr. M. J. Bray, of Evansville. In 1856 he entered the Rush Medical College at Chicago, where he graduated in

Dr. Keegan is a Republican politically, and is an active worker in his party. Religiously he is a Methodist Episcopalian. He has no aspirations outside of his profession, to which he devotes all his energies. He was one of the charter members of the Warrick County Medical Society, of which he was President. He is a member of the State Medical Society, and also of the Tri-State Medical Society. He stands high in his profession as a practicing physician of extraordinary skill and ability. He is a gentleman of fine personal appearance and pleasing address, and is highly esteemed by his fellow citizens and professional brethren.

CHARLES SCHNEIDER, Sit. The subject of this sketch is one of the oldest and most prominent German citizens of Boonville. He is the son of John C. and Louisa Schneider, and was born June 17th, 1820, in Idar, Fuerstenthum, Province of Birkenfeld, in Germany. His parents were in comfortable circumstances, and he received a good common school education. At thirteen years of age he was apprenticed to learn the silversmith trade, and he travelled through Germany eight years following that business. In 1848 he emigrated to America, arriving at New Orleans. He came direct to Evansville, and after spending a week there came to Boonville, where he remained with his uncle during the winter. He then returned to Evansville, and learned the gunsmith trade with Chas. Kellar, with whom he remained five years. August 25th, 1853, he was married to Phillipina Hepp. In June, 1854, he removed to Boonville, and engaged in gunsmithing in a log cabin on the west side of the public square, where a row of brick business houses now stand. He has been a witness to and a participant in the business progress of the town for now almost thirty years. - Last year he opened a large and well selected grocery store in Boonville, which he has intrusted to his son William. He has six children. The eldest, Charles Schneider, jr., is of the firm of Baker & Schneider, druggists, of Boonville.

Mr. Schneider has lived a quiet, unpretentious life, and was never a candidate for political office. He is a leading member of the German M. E. Church of Boonville, and is a highly esteemed citizen.

John L. Taylor

JOHN L. TAYLOR Among the very young men of Warrick county who have received honorable recognition at the hands of the people none of the present day are more prominent than John Lewis Taylor. He was born August 30th, 1850, in Anderson township, Warrick county, and is the eldest son of Peter and Jane Taylor. Until twenty-three years of age he worked on his father's farm, and his school advantages were very poor, but in 1869 his father moved to Boonville, and he attended the graded school at this place two years. In 187 1 he taught school in Anderson township, and the following spring attended the Normal school at Oakland City, Indiana. In the fall of 1871 he entered the freshman class for a scientific course in the State University at Bloomington, Indiana, and attended regularly three years, completing the junior course. He then returned home and during the winter of 1875-6 taught the graded school at Lynnville, this county.

close of his school in the spring of 1876 he entered the office of Judge John B. Handy and pursued his law studies with avidity. It was during this year that he first took an active part in politics, canvassing the county in company with Hon. Benoni S. Fuller, then a candidate for re-election to Congress, and speaking in the interest of Tilden and the Democratic party. During the winter of 1876-7 he was teacher of the grammar grade in the Boonville schools. At the close of his school he was admitted to the bar and formed a partnership with John T. Thompson, with whom he had studied law in Judge Handy's office. After practicing about one year this partnership was dissolved, and in October, 1877, Mr. Taylor entered the Cincinnati Law School, which he attended regularly until his graduation on the 20th of May, 1878. He returned home and two weeks afterwards was nominated by the Democratic party for representative of Warrick county. He was elected by an overwhelming majority, being by far the largest received by any candidate on either ticket, which is an auspicious beginning of political life for one so young as the subject.

Mr. Taylor's career in the Legislature is worthy of passing notice. While he was watchful of the interests of his constituents, he made no attempt to display statesmanship or take rank as a leader, as is too often the fault with ambitious young men just entering public life, but by "allowing his light to shine with becoming modesty," and being faithful to his trust, he won the esteem of both opponent and constituent. He was a creditable representative of the county and his official record in the State Legislature is one that will bear the closest scrutiny.

commenced the practice of law. He has held the office of clerk of Boonville for two terms. In 1876 he was appointed deputyprosecutor for Warrick county by G. L. Rheinhard, but on entering law school in 1877 resigned. On his return home from the Legislature in 1879 ne was re-appointed to the position, which he held until the expiration of the term in 1880. He was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court in 1879.

In 1880 he was appointed contingent Presidential elector for the First Congressional District by the Democratic State convention. In the Presidential campaign of 1880 he took a very active part and was chosen as chairman of the Democratic central committee of Warrick county to succeed John Nester. He is recognized in his party as a leader and is very popular.

Socially, Mr. Taylor is an affable gentleman, and those most intimately acquainted with him like him best. He is a lover of literature and reads much desultorily. A prominent characteristic is his fearless manner of expressing his convictions and the zeal with which he supports his cause*

Dr. Charles Parke, of Millersburgh, was born in Westneath county, Ireland, the boyhood home of Oliver Goldsmith, on June 3rd, 1836. His parents, Robert and Catherine Parke, came to America when he was five years old, and settled in Vanderburgh county, where he was raised. His grandfather, George Simpson, was wounded at the battle of Waterloo, and was a pensioned soldier of the British government.

The subject of this sketch received such an education as was afforded by the common schools, and he then taught school several terms to save money with which to attend college. He entered the State University at Bloomington, Ind., in 1853, and was in the junior class at the time of beginning of the war. He enlisted in company C of the 6th Kentucky cavalry, under Col. Halisey, and was in the United States service three years, and the State service two months. He participated in the battles of Richmond, Ky. , Chicamauga, and nearly all the battles of the army of the Cumberland, besides having an almost daily skirmish with the enemy. He was one of the seventy-five soldiers that defended themselves for over eight hours in the Rasacca court-house against an army of three thousand, which was one of the most heroic achievements of the late war. He was also one of the three that captured Col. Orton Williams, chief of artillery on Bragg's staff, who was a spy in the union camp at Franklin, Tenn. His war career was one of unusual exposure and active service, and he can recount hour after hour incidents of personal experience of thrilling interest. He enlisted November 20th, 1 86 1, and was discharged December 2 2d, 1864.

After the close of the war he commenced the study of medicine with Drs. Runcie and Hilliard, of Millersburgh. He graduated at the Miami Medical College, of Cincinnati, March 1, 1867, an(l at once commenced practicing in Millersburgh, where he has since resided. He was married June 24, 1869, to Mary A. Jarrett, of Warrick county, and they have three children,

Dr. Parke has always been a Republican, having cast his first vote for Oliver P. Morton and Abraham Lincoln. He is a member of the Episcopal church, and it is to his support that the building of Union church, of Millersburgh, is largely due. He is also a member of the Masonic order. He is strongly opposed to the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors, and the zealousness with which he has advocated these principles has stamped him as the champion of the temperance cause in this section. He enjoys a large, lucrative practice, is interested in various enterprises, and is a gentleman that generally leads and succeeds in whatever he undertakes.

I. E. YOUNGBLOOD. Israel Ephraim Youngblood, the third of a family of five children, was born August 5th, 1840, five miles south of Boonville, in Warrick county. His father, James W. Youngblood, was a son of the Rev. John W. Youngblood, the pioneer preacher, and was born in Warrick county. When the subject was only five years of age his father died, leaving the widow and a family of five children wholly dependent upon themselves for a livelihood. However, Mrs. Youngblood was a woman of rare energy and executiveness, and by industry and frugality she succeeded in rearing her little family in comfort, besides giving them such local school advantages as the county at that time afforded. By force of necessity our subject performed the duties of a farm laborer at a very early age, together with his two brothers, the fruits of their industry going toward the support of the family and the improvement of their home. When twenty-one years old a horse afflicted with fistula was given him by his mother, which he succeeded in curing, and sold at a fair price. His mother needing money at that time, he gave her all of the amount, in return for which she gave him a colt. He afterwards sold the colt to his brother for $125, and this money he decided to spend towards obtaining an education. Accordingly he entered the Indiana State Normal School at Terre Haute in March, 1871. At the close of the spring term he returned home and raised a crop of tobacco during the summer, and sowed wheat in the fall. The proceeds of this crop were comparatively large, and he was now able to repay borrowed money which he had used in defraying school expenses. After attend- ing a second term of the State Normal School, he returned home and worked on the farm. In the winter of 1872-3 he taught school in Ohio township, and saved sufficient money to attend the Normal School a part of the winter and all the spring term of 1873. The winter of 1873-4 he taught school in Boon township. With the money he had now saved, and after borrowing a small amount, he re-entered the State Normal School in the spring of 1874, and attended regularly until his graduation in June, 1875. The perseverance here manifested in obtaining an education under such adverse circumstances deserves praise, and is a worthy example to the poor young man who would improve his condition.

The young graduate now returned home, but being too ambitious to again teach a country school, borrowed $25 at twentyfive per cent, interest, and started out in the world to obtain a more lucrative position in his chosen avocation. He was chosen principal of a school of two grades at Oaktown, Knox county, Indiana, at a salary of $4.00 per day, and in the spring of the following year taught a normal school at Carlisle, Indiana. To earn money with which to visit the Centennial Exposition in 1876 he taught a select school in Bethel township, Posey county, during July and August of that year, after which he went on a tour through the East, visiting some of the principal cities and popular resorts. In the fall of 1876 he was chosen principal of the graded school at McCutchanville, Vanderburg county, and he here taught several branches with remarkable success which he had not studied while at the State Normal School.

In June, 1877, Mr. Youngblood was elected superintendent of the schools of Warrick county. Under his administration there has "been a marked improvement in the schools of the county, and they have advanced fully fifty per cent He was the first superintendent to grade the schools of the county, besides which he has introduced many valuable new ideas and rules into the system of school government. He was re-elected to the office of county superintendent upon the expiration of his term in 1879.

In July, 1879, ne purchased the Boonville Standard, but on account of his duties as county superintendent preventing him from giving the paper his attention, W. W. Admire was made its editor, until it became necessary for Mr. Youngblood to assume full control in June, 1880. The Standard is the only Republican paper in the county, and Mr. Youngblood succeeded in placing it on a sound financial basis while under his management. In July, 1 88 1, he sold the paper to R. M. Graham.

Mr Youngblood is not yet in the prime of life, and being a man of extraordinary stability of character, tenacity of will and perseverance, promises a future of usefulness.

Mrs. M. J. Husk

While in the lives of women we do not find the achievements of the soldier or statesman, still we do find many representatives of that sex whose lives have been devoted to the amelioration of those around them, and whose attainments in life are equally as commendable and deserving of chronicling.

Mrs. Mary Jane Husk nee Kallams, the subject of this brief sketch, was born January 20th, 1836, near Harrodsburgh, in Mercer county, Kentucky. Her parents died when she was an infant, and she was adopted and reared by the family of James Curry, a gentleman in affluent circumstances, of Harrodsburgh, Kentucky. The orphan and her adopted relatives became greatly attached to each other, and she was treated very kindly. At fifteen years of age she entered the female academy at Harrodsburgh, which she attended for some time.

county, Kentucky, September 12th, 1849, and m x^52 tneY removed to Skelton township, Warrick county, where Mr. Husk engaged in farming. At the breaking out of the late war Mr. Husk enlisted in the army and the management of the farm came into the hands of his wife. She managed it with great care and economy, which demonstrated her extraordinary executive ability. On her husband's return from the army, he found his farm bearing every evidence of thrift. In 1875 tnev removed to Boonville and opened the Prince Albert hotel, of which Mrs. Husk is still proprietress. April 1st, 1880, her husband died, after an illness of only fifteen days. Mrs. Husk is a devout christian and charitable lady. The hungry never appeal to her in vain. She has a warm heart and her charitable deeds are a noteworthy characteristic. As an instance, we would mention her having reared two orphans, giving them a comfortable home and every advantage for improvement. She is benevolent to a worthy cause. It is to her frugality that Mrs. Husk mostly attributes her success. She is a very intelligent and refined lady, whose life has been one of extraordinary usefulness in her sphere.

John A. Reynolds

John A. Reynolds is known " far and wide " by his bold and original ideas upon theology. Once a pupil of the Sunday school and a member of the church, to-day he declares himself an atheist. Although a farmer by occupation - a successful one, too - he has devoted his life to the study and investigation of theological and kindred subjects. He is always willing to give his reasons for his singular convictions to those soliciting them, and in defense of the position which he has assumed he offers to discuss the question with any one, at any time and place.

Ohio, July 9th, 1 81 9. He was left an orphan and at four years of age he was bound to Enoch Scott, a farmer, but he purchased his freedom when nineteen years old for $50. His career has been a remarkable one. In 1840 he settled in Warrick county. October 9th, 1842, he was married to Percilla Houghland, of this county*

He has been an assiduous student of theology from boyhood, and has read nearly every work worthy perusal pertaining to the subject. While his bold atheistic declarations astonish his neighbors, all respect him, and he is regarded as an upright citizen, a kind husband and father. He affirms that he is the strongest atheist in the world. The singular views he holds upon some questions he expresses in the following words:

" I believe that this earth is a part of the central sun; I believe that Nature, the natural forces or causes, such as air, water, etc., produce all animal and vegetable life upon earth ; I believe the doctrine of a Supreme Being is a fallacy ; I believe that Nature never steps out of her routine, and that she don't know the cry of an infant from the howl of the hyena." He is a zealous advocate of the unlimited freedom of speech. He is now sixty-two years old, hale and hearty, but he has retired from the active work of life, and is awaiting, . to use his own words, the "end of his existence." He has written his own epitaph, which tells the story of this strange man's life in the following words :

James W. Cabbage

James Willis Cabbage was born September 12th, 1830, inRussel county, Kentucky. His parents are John and Nancy Cabbage. The father of John Cabbage died when he was quite young, leaving the family in poor circumstances, and it became his duty to help support his widowed mother ; hence, he was ostracized from all educational advantages, and it was not until the subject became old enough to teach him that he learned to read and write. He came to Warrick county in 1832, settling in Hart township, where he remained until his removal to Alabama many years ago. He was a farmer, and was a man of unquestioned integrity, strong common sense and unflagging industry.

need of an education, and was determined that his children should have the full benefit of such advantages as were afforded in this part of the country at that time, which were, of course, very limited. James was, accordingly, sent to such "subscription schools" as were taught in the neighborhood, where he learned reading, writing, orthography and arithmetic - the only branches taught by the " Hoosier schoolmaster" of that time. In his twentieth year, he was granted license and commenced teaching school in Hart township. He taught seven successive years. During 1855 ne attended Delaney Academy, at Newburgh.

August 30th, 1856, he was married to Tillitha Lowe, whose father, Captain Simon P. Lowe, was a man of prominence in county affairs for several years. He held the office of county treasurer and county commissioner, and was representative in the State Legislature for a number of years. The result of this union has been nine children - six boys and three girls - all of whom are living, except one. After his marriage, Mr. Cabbage engaged in farming, where he now lives, which he pursued successfully, without intermission, until called upon by his fellow citizens to represent them in the State Legislature.

He has always taken an active interest in all great political issues, and although an adherent of party, he entertains, and does not fear to express, ideas of the most liberal and conservative character. He is a friend, but not a slave to party. During the late war he advocated the cause of the Union, " Because," he says, "I believe that equal rights and freedom of all mankind is a divine law, and the government our forefathers gave us we must protect."

Mr. Cabbage is, and always has been, a Democrat. He cast his first vote for Franklin Pierce, and there has not been a Democratic convention, or an election in Warrick county since he attained his majority, that he has not attended. In 1878 his name was placed before the Democratic primary election for representative of Warrick County, but he was defeated. In 1880 he was nominated for the same office and elected. His career in the Legislature is known to the people throughout the State. He went there with the hope and intention of doing good. How far he succeeded, his constituents may judge. He originated and secured the passage of one bill alone, which will be a lasting benefit to the State, i. e.: the law for the protection of timber. Governor Hendricks said of it: " It is one of the most sensible, practicable and timely measures that has been brought before the Legislature." Mr. Cabbage is a plain man - a man of the people - knowing by experience their wants and these he gave his attention, so far as possible, during the crowded session of 1 88 1. While he does not claim to be infallible, there is nothing in his official record that he is ashamed of.

Commodore Kelley

COMMODORE KELLEY. Among the younger successful business men whose lives have been beset by disadvantages, Commodore Kelley, present trustee of Owen township, merits attention. He was born March 31st, 1844, in Skelton township. He is the fifth son and eighth child of I sham and Eliza Kelley. His father was born in Anderson county, Kentucky, in 18 10, and he came to Warrick county with his uncle in 1820. He has lived in Skelton and Owen townships since and has reared a large family. As one of the industrious pioneers to whose labors the present state of old. His educational advantages were the very poorest, being limited to a few weeks in all of irregular attendance at the very inferior schools of that time in Skelton township. He received instruction in reading, writing and arithmetic, and the rest of his education has been obtained by close self-application and observation. At the breaking out of the late war his patriotism was aroused and he determined to risk his life in defense of the union, although he had not reached his eighteenth year - the age required by the regiment being organized at that time. However, he was not to be debarred the privilege of enlisting because he lacked a few weeks of being old enough, and so he represented to the officers that he was eighteen years of age. He enlisted in company E, of the sixty-fifth Indiana regiment on August nth, 1 86 1. He was detailed as a teamster and was promoted to wagon-master of the regiment while in North Carolina in 1863. He held this position until the close of the war. In 1862 he was seriously injured while riding a spirited horse, from the effects of which he has never fully recovered. He was in nearly all the engagements of his regiment. In July, 1864, he was mustered out of the service. He then worked on his father's farm two years, after which he engaged in farming for himself in Skelton township. December 9th, 1867, he was married to Mary E. Skelton, whose parents were among the earliest settlers of the county. They have three children - two girls and one boy. In 1873, Mr. Kelley moved to Folsomville. In 1879, in partnership with Marion Folsom, he opened a grocery, dry goods, drug and general merchandise establishment. He is also proprietor of the hotel, livery stable and steam thresher at that place, and is an extensive dealer in cattle. He is a Democrat, and is a leader of his party in Owen township. In 1880, he was elected trustee of Owen township. By energy, enterprise and strict integrity he has attained the position among his fellow-citizens of a leading business man, and by his always courteous disposition, has won an enviable popularity.

William H. Bone

WILLIAM H. BONE. William H. Bone was born May 24, 1837, in Warrick county. His parents were John and Arty M. Bone. His father was a native of Kentucky, but he came to Warrick county at an early day. The school advantages of the subject were limited and very poor. He was left an orphan when only eleven years old, and he has had to work his way up in life. The only schooling he received was nine months' attendance at a school taught by

James W. Cabbage, the present representative of Warrick county. What other knowledge he has acquired has been without the aid of a teacher. When seventeen years of age he obtained employment as a clerk in the dry goods store of Abraham Chambers, at Lynnville, where he remained some time. He taught three terms of school in Pike county and two in Warrick county. In i860, he was elected constable of Owen township. October 30th, 1859, he was married to AbthiaF. Burris, and the result of this union was eight children. In 1861, he removed to Crowville, Warrick county, where he was employed in the drygoods and tobacco establishment of Bethell & Floyd until 1862, when he moved to Boonville. He remained there until 1864, m the capacity of clerk in the grocery store of J. W. Thompson. February 8th, 1875, ne enlisted in company D, 143rd regiment of Indiana volunteers, and remained in the service until August, 1865, when they were mustered out. He then lived at Crowville four years. In 1869, he removed to Folsomville and took charge of the tobacco establishment of Hudspeth & Shryock. He remained in their employ until 1873, when, in partnership with W. H. Pancake, he purchased the establishment. However, he sold his interest the year following to Benjamin Folsom, who was the founder of Folsomville, and engaged in farming the next two years. In 1877, he made a "purchase of tobacco " in Campbell township, for Jacob Seitz, Esq., and, in 1878, he made another "tobacco purchase" under the firm name of W. H. Bone &Co., at Winslow, Pike county. In 1879 ne returned to Folsomville and engaged in the dry goods and grocery business. He again purchased the large tobacco factory at that place, and is now engaged solely in buying and shipping tobacco. Mr. Bone is a " self-made man," and he is one of the foremost citizens of Owen township.

John B. Cockrum

JOHN B. COCKRUM. John Barrett Cockrum was born September 12th, 1857, at Oakland, Gibson county, Indiana. His grandfather, Col. J. W. Cockrum, was a Colonel of the Indiana State Militia during the Mexican war. He settled in Gibson county at a time when the country was a wilderness, and was the founder of the town of Oakland. The father of the subject, Col. William M. Cockrum, was reared in the vicinity, where he still lives, and was for a time an extensive speculator in tobacco in Gibson county. When the late war broke out he organized company F, of the 42d Indiana regiment, and was chosen first lieutenant, while his uncle, Captain Barrett, was made captain. However, Barrett resigned, and Mr. Cockrum was chosen captain to fill the vacancy. He was seriously wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, and for seventeen days laid on the battle-field, receiving attention from no one except the Confederate surgeons. He was then taken to Libby prison where he lay seven months. Upon his recovery he was made commander of the post military prison at Nashville, which position he held one year. He was also one of the party that had charge of the notorious Captain Wirz, of Andersonville fame, and conducted him from Nashville to Washington, D. C. In 1864, he was promoted to Lieutenant- Colonel of the 42d Indiana regiment, which position he held until the close of the war. He then returned to his home, at Oakland, Indiana, where he still lives.

Up to his seventeenth year, John B. Cockrum, the immediate subject of this sketch, attended the Oakland Normal Institute, where he graduated. The three subsequent years he taught school during the winter, and in the summer read law, with Hon. J. E. McCullough, of Princeton* In 1878, he entered the Cincinnati Law school, and graduted with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, on May 14, 1879. He was married January 22, 1880, to Fannie C. Bittrolf daughter of George A. Bittrolf, Esq. , of Evansville. In August, 1879, ne located in Boonville, and entered into a partnership with Charles W. Armstrong in the practice of law. He conducts a case with tact, and is an advocate of ability. He has been successful in the short time that he has been practicing, and is one of the most promising young members of the Warrick county bar.

William Henry McVey, a well-known medical practitioner at Selvin, and the subject of this sketch, was born June 22, 1842, in Grass township. Spencer county, Indiana. His parents were Samuel and Permelia McVey, both of whom were natives of Virginia. They came to Spencer county in about 1832, where they spent the remainder of their lives. The father of the subject was a farmer, and commenced life in poor circumstances, but through successful management and hard work had accumulated sufficient to live in ease at the time of his death, which occurred when William was only a small boy.

The opportunities of William for obtaining an education were limited to the common country schools of Spencer county, which, however, he had the full benefit of. When eighteen years old he commenced teaching school in Spencer county. He pursued school-teaching in winter, and during the summer studied medicine. Dr. Perragrine, of Centerville, Spencer county, was his preceptor.

He subsequently located at Crowville, Warrick county, where he held a wide and successful practice for seven years. In 1875 he moved to Taylorsville, (now Selvin), where he has since remained, enjoying an enviable professional patronage.

Doctor McVey is a Democrat, and is an influential member of of his party in his section of the. county. In 1878 he was a candidate for the nomination for representative of Warrick county, but was defeated. He was elected trustee of Pigeon township in 1880.

In the practice of his profession Doctor McVey, as already stated, has been very successful, and, although interested in the mercantile business, he has earned his all in this way. As a physician and citizen he stands high among his fellowmen, and his social qualities are such that have won him a large circle of friends.

William S. Whittinghill

WILLIAM S. WHITTINGHILL. William Stuart Whittinghill was born June 16th, 1852, in Pigeon township, Warrick county. His grandfather settled in Lane township as early as 181 5, where his father, Pleasant N., was born. He is of German-Scotch descent. The subject worked on his father's farm until he was eighteen years old. The rudiments of his education were obtained in the common country schools of Warrick and Spencer counties. In 187 1, he attended the Boonville Graded School, and afterward spent a term of twelve weeks in the Normal Institute, at Oakland, Indiana. He also attended school at Gentryville, Spencer county, in the State University, at Bloomington, Indiana. He graduated in 1875, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Science. In 1876 he was chosen principal of the high school at Huntingburgh, Indiana. While at college he had studied the German language about five months, and after his removal to Huntingburgh, where nearly the entire population is German, he became so far familiar with the language, through his associations, that he was enabled to teach it with success and now speaks it very fluently.

While yet a student he had singled out the profession of law as his chosen pursuit, and began the study of it while attending college. He was admitted to the bar, in Spencer county, in 1877, and commenced the practice of law at Huntingburgh during the same year, being favored with a liberal patronage until his removal to Selvin, (formerly Taylors ville), Warrick county, in 1879, where he has since resided. In 1880, he was nominated by the Republican party for representative of Warrick county, but was defeated by a majority of 151, the regular Democratic majority in the county having been from 350 to 400 prior to that time. Mr. Whittinghill is a gentleman of refinement and culture, and possesses ability of an extraordinary character. He presents a very handsome physique, and socially is a person whom it affords one pleasure to meet. He is now in his thirtieth year, and gives promise of becoming a leading member of his chosen profession.

Brief Biographies

ates, Bela N., an old citizen of Boonville, was born in 'Hampshire county, Massachusetts, April 13, 181 5. At an early age he learned shoemaking, but during the "hard times" about 1837 he shipped on board a whaling vessel for South America. On account of severe treatment from the commanding officer he left the ship at Brazil, where he remained about four months. He saw Dom Pedro when a boy and others of the royal family a number of times. In 1841 he came to Boonville and engaged in shoemaking. He did a successful trade for several years and retired. He was married to Jane Perigo, on March 12th, 1843 and they had three children, only one of whom, Mrs. G. H. Spencer, ol Joplin, Mo., is now living.

Campbell, James W. , was born three miles north of Boonville, September 29th, 1852. His mother is a sister of Hon. Benoni S. Fuller. He taught two terms of school, but in 1879 gave up his school and accepted a position as clerk in the store of J. M. Hudspeth & Co. In 1880 he was nominated by the Democratic party for Sheriff of Warrick county and was elected by a majority of one hundred and sixty-eight votes over the three candidates - Jacob Seitz, Republican; W. A. Williams, Independent, and Isaac Boyer, National. This was an auspicious victory. Mr. Campbell is well-known throughout the county and is a popular and promising young man.

Gook, Frederick, trustee of Greer township, was born May 1 8th, 1847, in Cambridgeshire, England. His parents, Joseph and Mary Cook, emigrated to America in 1851 and came direct to Warrick county, where the father engaged in farming. Frederick received his education in the common schools of this county. February 18th, 1862, when only fourteen years old, he enlisted in company C, sixty-third Indiana regiment of volunteers and carried a musket and participated in all battles of his regiment the same as other soldiers. He never missed an hour of active duty on account of sickness or for other causes, excepting an eight day furlough. He was in the battles at Bull Run, Rasacca, Franklin, Nashville, Altoona Hills, Fort Anderson, and ten others of minor importance. He was mustered out of the service in May, 1865. Mr* Cook has been married twice - the first time on December 2, 1867, to Elizabeth Butcher, of Warrick, who died November 29, 1876, from drinking water poisoned by Edward Leyer, the horrible particulars of which are still fresh in the minds of Warrick county people. April n, 1878, Mr. Cook was married to Mary A. Irons. His family consists of five children, four by his first and one by his second wife. Mr. Cook has twice been elected constable of Greer town ship. In 1880 he was elected trustee on the Republican ticket, which is an unprecedented occurrence in the political history of the township. He is a very courteous gentleman, and possesses an enviable reputation for strict integrity and he is one of the foremost citizens of Greer township.

>avis, William Robinson, was born September 9th, 1827, in Mercer county, Kentucky. His father, Rev. Thomas S. Davis, was a travelling preacher. His mother, whose maiden name was Robinson, died when he was four years old. He lived with his grandfather until eight years of age, when, his father having married again, he returned to the "paternal roof." His father came to Warrick county in 1839 and settled where the subject now lives, which was at that time a dense forest. Although his opportunities were the very poorest, he possesses a practical education. The "rule o' three" is associated with his remembrance of schools in his boyhood as a very important branch - in the opinion of the old-time Hoosier school-master. To obtain money with which to purchase his books, pens, paper, etc., he would kill coons and sell their skins. Mr. Davis has always been a farmer and he is one of the most successful in the county. January 1, 1852, he was married to Mary Perigo, an exemplary wife and a pleasant, hospitable lady. She is a half-sister to Ezekiel Perigo, Esq. The fruits of this union has been but one child : a daughter now dead. However, they have raised several orphan children. Mr. Davis has been a Republican since the organization of the party and, although he takes an interest in politics, he never sought office. He is a leading farmer and has been a liberal supporter, according to his means, of every important enterprise in the county for the last twentyfive years.

,ial, John C, of Hart township, was born October 15, 181 7, 'in Clermont county, Ohio, near Batavia. His early educational advantages were limited to about two months every two years in the backwoods schools of that time. He received the greatest part of his education by private tutorage and at a very early age was a master of Smiley's arithmetic as taught at that time and he was considered a critical grammarian by his instructors. He was well acquainted with General U. S. Grant when the latter was a cadet at West Point and his reminiscenses of the illustrious warrior are interesting and amusing. Mr. Dial has been married three times. February roth, 1842, he was married to Isabella Brooks, of Clermont county, Ohio, and they had seven children. She died February n, 1856. On January 1st, 1857, he was married to Josephine Myrick, also a native of Clermont county, Ohio, and the result of this union was three children. Her death occurred August n, 1865. February 27 1866 he was married to Mrs. Rachel Edwards, nee Abshire - his present wife - who is a native of Warrick county. In 1842 Mr. Dial came to Warrick county and settled in Hart township, where he now lives. At that time there were no roads through that section of country between the Boonville and Lynnville and Boonville and Crowville roads and it was chiefly through his instrumentality that the present highways were opened. Wild game was plentiful and the country was very sparsely settled. Mr. Dial has always been a Democrat, rather preferring to serve his party than ask of it official favor.

ickey, Fines J., M. D., was born at Ridgeway, Gallatin 'county, Illinois, May 4th, 1854. In 1876 he commenced the study of homcepathy with Dr. E. J. Ehrman, of Evansville, and graduated at the Pulte Medical College, of Cincinnati, March 4th, 1879. He came to Boonville the same month and commenced the practice of medicine, and has been remarkably successful. He is the leading homcepathic physician in this section.

^ckstein, Leonard, a leading grocer of Boonville, was born in Jackson county, Indiana, in 1847. He came to Boonville in 187 1 in poor circumstances. He chopped wood and did teaming for the Lake Erie, Evansville & Southwestern railroad, being built at that time, and afterward engaged in marketing. By strict economy and close application to business he accumulated sufficient means to engage in the grocery business in 1877. To-day he is one of the leading business men in the county. His success may all be attributed to his sterling business principles. Mr. Eckstein was married, in 1870, to Louisa Price, of Jackson county, and they now have two children.

^wen. George, M. D., was born in Philadelphia, on April 19th, 1832, and his parents were Jeddiah and Ellen Ewen. He received his education partly in the schools at Philadelphia, and partly in Delaney Academy, at Newburgh, where he attended four school terms. The summer of 1844 he spent on the Ohio river, in the storeboat business. His parents came to Newburgh in January, 1845. During 1849 and 1850 he was a clerk in the store of A. M. Phelps, Esq., and during the winter of 1850 and 185 1 he taught school in Ohio township. In 1852 he went to Philadelphia for the purpose of learning the drug business, and served an apprenticeship of two years, with J. Bringhurst, returning to Newburgh in 1854. He then went to Evansville and was engaged as a clerk in the well-known wholesale drug establishment of Keller & White. However, he returned home, and, during the winter of 1855 and J856, again taught school in Warrick county. In 1856 he commenced the study of medicine under Doctor J. R. Tilman, of Newburgh, and during the winters of 1856 and 1857 attended medical lectures at Keokuk, Iowa. He was in the Marine Hospital, in Evansville, with Doctor M. J. Bray, from May, 1857, to March, 1858, when he formed a partnership with Dr. J. S. Houghland, of Eureka, Spencer county, Indiana, where he practiced medicine until 1866. In July, 1866, he came to Wheatonville, Warrick county, Indiana, and has been practicing there since. Doc- tor Ewen is one of the oldest and most successful physicians in the county, being third among the oldest. Four years practical and skillful experience in compounding drugs, with a thorough course of instruction in medicine, qualified him in an extraordinary degree for the practice of his profession.

^uller, William W., superintendent of the Warrick county schools, was born July 29, 1856, in Hart township, Warrick county. His parents were Isham and Agnes Fuller, and he is a brother to Hon. Benoni S. Fuller. In 1874 he entered the Oakland Normal Institute, and attended two terms. He also attended the Worthington (Indiana) High School during 1876. He has taught school and been identified with the educational interests of the county for several years. In 1880 he entered the Indiana State University, and was a member of the sophomore class at the time of his election to the office of county superintendent, in June, 1881. He is, doubtless, the youngest county superintendent in the State. Mr. Fuller is a young gentleman of rare ability and promise, and is very popular among the people generally.

raham. Robert M., editor and proprietor of the Boonville Standard, was born November 10th, 1849, m Boonville, where he lived with his parents until eleven years old, when they removed to a farm, in Hart township, Warrick county. His education consisted of such as he could obtain in the common country schools, after which he attended the Boonville High School one term. Possessing an insatiable thirst for knowledge, and a very retentive memory, he has, however, by a habit of desultory reading, gained an extensive knowledge of general literature. July 26, 1872, he was married to Mary J. Hunsaker. In 1873, under the firm name of J. B. Graham & Son, he engaged in the drug business at Lynnville. In the meantime he taught school in winter, and studied medicine under Doctor S. L. Tyner. In 1876 he commenced practice in Spencer county, opposite Owensboro, Kentucky, where he remained one year. He also practiced at Folsomville one year ; after which he relinquished medicine and engaged in school teaching. He taught the graded school, at Lynnville, in 1872-73, and has been principal of the Folsomville Graded School three terms. In 1880, he was defeated in a candidacy for superintendent of Warrick county. He left the teachers' ranks as one of the foremost educators of the county, and, in July, 1881, assumed full editorial and business control of the Boonville Standard. Although he has now been in the newspaper business but a short time, he has evinced considerable journalistic ability. He has been a contributor to the educational periodicals of the State and is the author of a work designed for use as a text book for youthful students, entitled "United States Rectangular Survey," which has been highly recommended by the leading educators of the State.

"eim, Constantine, one of the leading citizens of Campbell township, was born February 25, 1837, in Eisfeld, Duchy of Meiningen, Germany. He received his education at the Academy of Saalfeld, which he attended from his sixth to his twelfth year. In 1852 his parents emigrated to America and came direct to Vanderburgh county. His father's avocation was that of an apothecary, and, in partnership with John Laval, he practiced medicine at Evansville about ten months.

ing. January 6th, 1859, Constantine Heim was married to Minerva Lockyear, of Warrick county, and they had seven children. She died March 20th, 1874. Mr. Heim was married to Rhoba F. Herston on October 24th, 1874, and by this marriage has had three children. Mr. Heim has obtained an extraordinary knowledge of the English language by close application, and he speaks it with a fluency rarely met with in one of his nationality. Politically he is a Republican, and, in 1880, was the candidate of his party for treasurer of Warrick county, but was defeated by a greatly reduced majority. He is a very intelligent gentleman, of a sociable, complaisant disposition, and he is highly esteemed by his fellow-citizens for his integrity and sterling worth.

"eim, Adolph Woldemar, trustee of Campbell township, was born June 12, 1839, in Eisfeld, Duchy of Meiningen, Germany. He received his education at the Academy of Saalfeld, in his native country, but left before graduating. His parents came to America in 1852, and located at Evansville, where the subject attended a select school awhile, taught by a Yankee. This was the only English schooling he received. In 1853 he removed with his parents to Warrick county, and engaged in farming. However, his occupation of later years has chiefly been teaching. He taught district school No. 9, in Campbell township, from 1866 until 1881, successively, which, in point of continuity, is without a parallel in the school history of the county. He holds the highest attainable license, and his teaching is characterized by thoroughness, practicability, system and strict decorum. In 1880 Mr. Heim was elected trustee of Campbell township on the Republican ticket. There were three candidates for the office, and although the township was largely- Democratic, he received a majority of sixty-four, while the largest number of votes received by the opposition was ninety-four. He possesses in an eminent degree the qualifications requisite for the office, and fills it satisfactorily to his constituents. February 19, 1864, Mr. Heim was married to Letitia Lockyear. They have four children - three boys and one girl.

'ones, T. B., M. D., of Lynnville, was born November 28th, 1 841, in Spencer county, Indiana. The occupation of his father, Thompson M. Jones, was farming. The subject received his education in the schools of Spencer county and at an early age commenced the study of medicine. August 26, 1861, he enlisted in company C, of the forty-second Indiana regiment, as a private, but was promoted to the rank of captain while in the service. He participated in all the battles of his company and was in the service until July 2d, 1865, when they were mustered out.

In 1867 he entered the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati and graduated in 1870. During the same year he located at Pleasantville, Pike county, and practiced there until March, 1873, when he removed to Lynnville and entered into a partnership with Dr. S. L. Tyner, which, with the exception of two years that the latter was at Boonville, has continued until the present. April 25, 1872, Doctor Jones was married to Emma Zimmerman, of Lynnville, and they have two children. Doctor Jones possesses in an eminent degree those qualities of mind and temperament which are required to meet humanity in its more delicate and sickly phases pleasantly, and his knowledge of medicine is very thorough and practical ; hence, he is a very success- cCoy, Joseph S., M. D., a successful medical practitioner of Wheatonville, Warrick county, was born April 6th, 1850, near Midway, Spencer county, Indiana. His parents were William and Fanny McCoy. His education was principally obtained in the common schools of Spencer county, and during the terms of 1868 and 1869 he attended the academy at Grandview, Indiana. He taught school in Spencer county one year, and in Warren county, Kentucky, eighteen months. He commenced the study of medicine under Dr. J. R. Temple, but afterward studied under his brother, Dr. T. J. McCoy. He entered the Louisville Medical College in 1873, and graduated in 1876. In the same year he commenced the practice of medicine at Wheatonville, where he has since remained. Doctor McCoy is a genial young gentleman, warm-hearted and courteous. His acquaintance is easily cultivated, and he possesses the rare gift of bringing social sunshine, as well as medical skill, into the sick room. During the five years he has been at Wheatonville he has built up a wide practice, and has won the esteem of the people. He is now only thirty-one years old, and his career as a practitioner may be said to be only in the bud* Politically, he is a Democrat, and is one of the most influential members of that party in Greer township.

'oore, Robert Dale Owen, the youngest son of Judge J. W. B. Moore, was born in Boonville, February 25th, 1848. His education was limited to such advantages as were afforded by the local schools at that time, which were compara- tively poor, owing, in part, to the unsettled condition caused by the war. However, he spent one year at Asbury University, at Greencastle, Indiana. In 1869, he commenced the study of law with his brother, Hon. Isaac S. Moore, one of the ablest lawyers in the State, and, in 1872, was admitted to a partnership. In 1878 he was nominated by the Democratic primary election for clerk of Warrick county, and was elected. Among the minor offices which he has held was that of clerk of Boonville, in 1869; town treasurer, from 1871 to 1875, an<^ town attorney two or three years. He was married to Blanche Barkwell, of Rockport, Indiana, January 23rd, 1868. They have three children - two boys and one girl. Mr. Moore is a liberal, obliging gentleman, and is generally well known and well liked throughout the county. Politically, he is, and has always been, a Democrat. He is one of the most active members of the party in this county, meriting by his untiring services the honorable recognition which he has received.

>atterson, William H., was born September 17th, 1847, five miles south of Boonville. His father, Rev. Nicholas M. Patterson, was one of the earliest Methodist preachers in this county, and was one of the old-time circuit riders. He was one of the most successful revivalists in his day, was a good man, and generally beloved. After receiving a common school education, William taught school to obtain money with which to attend college. He attended Asbury University, at Greencastle, Indiana, for a short time, but afterward entered the Rockport Collegiate Institute, where he graduated in 1870. He again engaged in school-teaching, and read law at home in the meantime, Judge Isaac S. Moore being his preceptor. He was admitted to the bar in 1873. September 14th, of the same year, he was married to Emma Taylor, daughter of Robert Taylor, Esq., of Boonville. Becoming financially embarrassed, in 1875, he accepted a position as principal of the graded school, at Posey ville, Indiana, at a salary of $75 per month. He taught Latin, higher mathematics, and the higher branches, which had never before been taught there, and gave general satisfaction. At the close of his school he returned to Boonville and again engaged in practicing law. In May, 1879, he entered into partnership with John L. Taylor, and has been quite successful in his profession. He has twice held the office of attorney of Boonville, and one term as clerk. Mr. Patterson is very studious, and is one of the most promising young members of the Boonville bar.

|Elzer, Frederick William, the subject of this sketch ,was born October 10th, 1843, at Osnabreck, Germany. His father was a blacksmith, and in good circumstances. After receiving such common school education as was to be obtained in his native village, he served an appreticeship in his father's blacksmith shop. In i860 he emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans, and he came direct to Warrick county. He worked at his trade in Boonville, and on the farm, alternatively, until 1866, when he located where he now resides; and his residence, by the way, is one of the finest and most convenient in the county. May 9th, 1872, he was married to Amelia Goettlich, a native of Long Island. The result of this union has been five children.

Mr. Pelzer belongs to the class of " self-made men," and is one of the most enterprising citizens of the county. The " History of Warrick County," by D. J. Lake & Co., truly says : " He is one of the foremost in all public as well as private enterprises." He is well informed on the general topics of the day, and he is a very genial and pleasant gentleman. While he has always been an active member of the Republican party, he has never sought political favor. He is also a very prominent member of the Masonic order. He manifests a great deal of pride in the county's development and progress, and is one of the kind that makes a thrifty community.