Center Township (part 3 of 4)

ber of the same for overa half century. He assisted in building the first Presbyterian church at Plymouth, was for man}- years an elder of the congregation there, and against his moral character no breath of suspicion was ever known to have been uttered. He departed this life in iS66 and his faithful wife with whom he had lived for so many years, was laid to rest within one week after the death of her husband. She was also a pious member of the Presbyterian church and raised a family, six members of which are still living, viz.: the subject of this sketch; Peter, who resided in Center township; Mrs. Elizabeth McCoy, of Chicago; Mrs. Sarah Barden, of Nebraska; James, who also resides in Center township, and Mrs. Mary Boggs, who lives near the village of Argos. David L. Gibson came to Marshall county when about ten years of age, since which time he has been one of its most prosperous and well-known citizens. His educational training was obtained in the country schools which in the time of his youth were of a very indifferent character, hence it may with propriety be said that he is a self-educated man, his knowledge being of that practical kind, the result of intelligent observation and contact with the world in various business capacities. He assisted his father on the farm until attaining his majority, and in 1850, in company with two companions, made the long overland trip to California with an ox team, and was there engaged in the gold fields for a period of about eighteen months. He met with reasonably fair success in this venture, and returning to Marshall county purchased his present place in Center township which he cleared from the woods, and which is now one of the finest farms in this part of the state. With a desire of improving his fortune he made a second trip to the west in 1859, this time going to Colorado, where he remained for only a limited period, returning to Marshall county and resuming farming, which with stockraising, has been his business ever since. Mr. Gibson is essentially a self-made man, and as such ranks with the most successful farmers and stock-raisers of "the county. He began life for himself with little capital save a well formed determination to succeed and his present social and financial standing show how well that determination has been carried into effect. He has traveled extensivel}- through the western and southern states and now owns a fine orange farm in Hernando county, Florida, which returns him a comfortable revenue. He was married in 1853 to Hannah D., daughter of Huron Haines, of Marshall county, to which union three children have been born, viz.: Alice, wife of Dr. B. W. Parks, of Bourbon; Lizzie, wife of W. S. Howard, of Ashland, Kan.; and John H., who lives on the home farm. John H. Gibson married Miss Jennie \"an \'actor, daughter of Rilej- \'an Vactor, of Center township. Politically Mr. Gibson's views are in accord with the republican party, but he has never asked nor

SOU ght official honors at the hands of his fellow citizens. He is a leading member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Center township and assisted liberally in the construction of the building in which the congregation worships.

James A. Gilmore, cashier of the First National bank of Plymouth, was born in the state of New York, Livingston county, July 29, 1840, son of John and Margaret (Skellie) Gilmore, both natives of the same state. John Gilmore was for some years prominently identified with sheep-raising in Genesee county, of the above state, where his death occurred in 1S82. His wife died in 1S68. They had a family of five children, whose names are as follows: John E., Jane E., Martha A., Sadie and James A., our subject. James A. Gilmore grew to manhood in Genesee county, N. Y., and after obtaining his early educational training in the common schools entered the Alford academy, Alleghenj' county, which he attended for some time, obtaining therein a practical knowledge of the higher branches. On leaving school he farmed for some time, and later engaged in the mercantile business at Warsaw, Ind., in which city he located in 1866. He continued there for seven years, a part of which time he served as agent for the Adams and American Express companies, and in 1S73 became a resident of Plymouth, since which date he has held an official position in the First National bank. Mr. Gilmore is an accomplished accountant, a successful business man and possesses the confidence of the corporation by which he is employed. He is at this time city treasurer of Plymouth, which office he has held for thirteen years, with two more to serve. Politically he is a supporter of the democratic part}^

Henry Grossmann, whose brief biographical sketch is herewith presented, is a son of Jacob and Mary (Landis) Grossman, who were natives of Lancaster county, Penn., where their respective deaths occurred in the years 1857 and 1888. Jacob Grossman was by occupation a farmer and drover and was widely and favorably known in his native county as an active member of the Lutheran church, of which his wife was also a communicant. Of their ten children, nine are living, viz.: John, of Lancaster count}^ Penn.; Mrs. Maria Kreider, of the same county and state; George, of the city of Lancaster; Henry; Mrs. Margaret Zehner, of Plymouth; David, of Rutland, this county; Levi, of Chester county, Penn.; Mrs. Catharine Hartzler, of Lancaster county, Penn., and Daniel, of this county. Henry Grossman received his education in the township schools in Lancaster county, and having a taste for mechanical pursuits, early learned the carpenter's trade in which he became quite skillful, and which he followed for a period of seven years. He came to Marshall county, in 1857, and the same year was united in marriage to Mary R. Shoemaker, daughter of John Shoemaker, of Center township, to which union the following children have been born, viz.: Iden Monroe, Howard J. (deceased) , Matilda E. (deceased) , Isaiah H., Stacy F.. Grace R., Eunice S., Sidney C. and Erdie B. Mrs. Grossman died in 1878, and in 1879 Mr. Grossman married his present wife, Mrs. Sarah Seider, widow of John Seider. Immediately after his first marriage, Mr. Grossman began farming in Center township, where he now owns 251 acres of fine land which is one of the best places in this part of the county. He is a member of the Reformed church, and as a democrat has filled several ofiicial positions in the township.

Among the leading German citizens and business men of Plymouth, is Joseph Haag, senior member of the firm of Haag & Wade, extensive dealers in groceries, provisions, hardware, cutlery and crockery. Mr. Haag is a native of Germany, having been born in Kaiserslautern, Rhein Pfaltz, Bavaria, on July 8, 1840. After leaving school he learned the blacksmith trade, and in 1864, he emigrated to the United States, landing at New York after a trip of about sixteen days on the ocean. From New York he came direct to Plymouth, where he had relations and acquaintances residing. Upon his arrival in this place he went to work at his trade, for the Haslinger Bros., with whom he was employed until the spring of 1S6S, and then entered the hardware store of Buck & Toan, where he clerked until the fall of 1883, when he engaged in his business with his present partner. Mr. Haag was married in the old country, in 1862, to Elizabeth Schoner, who was born in Bavaria, in 1S39. One child was born to them in the old country, which died when but six weeks old. Four have been born to them in Plymouth, as follows: Ernst, in 1866; Henry, in 1869, learned the tinner's trade and is in that business at Marmont, Marshall county; Amelia, born in 1877, and Bertha, born in 1882. Mr. Haag and family are members of the German Lutheran church. He is considered one of the representative German citizens of Plymouth, and is an enterprising and energetic business man.

W. H. Hallock, night ticket agent on the P., Ft. W. & C. R. R. Co., is a native of Litchfield, Conn., in ^hich state his ancestors, both paternal and maternal, settled in an early day and resided many years. His grandfather, Benjamin Hallock, was a native of Litchfield county, and a shoemaker by trade, which calling Charles Hallock also followed. The family moved to Ottawa, 111., 1S50, and in 1872, came to Marshall county, Ind., locating in Plymouth, from which city they afterward moved to Medina county, Ohio, where the father and mother died. They were the parents of three children, all living: Fannie, wife of Austin Peet; A. P. and W. H. Our subject remained in Connecticut until thirteen years of age, and then accompanied his parents to Illinois, in which state he resided until his removal to Marshall county, in 1872. Prior to moving to this county, Mr. Hallock was engaged in agricultural pursuits, but for the past eighteen years has held his present position with the railroad company, a fact which speaks well for his efficiency as a trusted employe. He was married in 1879, to Miss Jennie Gault, daughter of Jacob Gault, of Kosciusko county, who has borne him two children: Alice and Cora. Mr. Hallock takes an active interest in politics, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, holding the position of steward in the Plymouth congregation.

James E. Hanes, freight and passenger agent of the P., Ft. W. & C. R. R. Co., is a native of Ohio, born in the city of Lima, Allen county, that state, April 4, 1845. His parents, Isaac and Lydia (Harrison) Hanes, were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Ohio, the former born January 25, 181 2, and the latter in the year 1815. Isaac Hanes removed to Ohio in 1845, and was one of the early settlers of Allen county, where he followed the occupation of farming, and where his death occurred in 1876. His wife died in 1S55. Of their several children, only three are living at this time, viz.: Frances E., wife of William McClain; James E., for whom this biography is prepared, and Samuel, a farmer of Allen county, Ohio. James E. Hanes spent his youthful years upon a farm in Allen county, in the common schools of which he received a good English education. February 24, 1S64, he left the paternal roof and began his career of railroading as one of the section force of the P., Ft. W. & C. R. R. Co., and in November, 1865, began breaking on a freight train, in which department of the work he continued until August, 1867. At that time he was promoted freight conductor on the western division of the above road, and in the spring of 1870 became extra passenger conductor and continued as such until promoted regular passenger conductor in 1871, running between Fort Wayne and Plymouth. He held this position until January 11, 1887, at which time he was appointed freight and passenger agent of the company at Plymouth, and has since had charge of the office at this place. Mr. Hanes has been with the above company for twentysix consecutive years, having risen by regular promotions from the very humble beginning of section hand to the responsible position he now holds. He possesses the confidence of the wealthy corporation by which he is employed, and is one of the oldest employes in point of continued service on the western division. May 14, 1869, Mr. Hanes and Miss Alice Farnan, daughter of Owen Farnan, of Fort Wayne, were united in marriage, a union blessed with the birth of four children, viz.: Catherine Frances, John E. (deceased), Charles D. (deceased), and James A. Mr. Hanes and family are members of the Catholic church at Plymouth. Mr. Hanes is a member of the city council, and takes an active interest in the deliberations of that body.

Among the old and honored citizens and business men of Pl3-mouth, is William \V. Hill, who for nearly half a century has resided in Marshall county, and for over thirty-five jears has been a citizen of the county- seat. Mr. Hill was born at Covington, Kj'.. on February 6. 1S30, and is the son of Jordon and Denisa (Hawkins) Hill. The father was a native of Kentucky. At an early date Jordon Hill removed from Lexington to Covington, where he was married, and where he engaged in the manufacture of ropes and the ferrj- business, being the first man to run a fern,- boat between Covington and Cincinnati. His death occurred at Covington in 1S37, and his widow soon afterward removed her family' to Indiana, locating in Bartholomew county. In 1S41 she removed to Peru, Ind., and in 1S43 came to Marshall county and settled near Maxinkuckee lake. In about 1S64-5 she removed to a farm about two miles west of Argos, where she is residing at present, and is in her eight3--fifth jear. There were four children born to the parents, two of whom are living. The children are, our subject and younger brother George, who resides near Argos. The mother was married a second time, while living in Bartholomew count)-. Ind., to James Finne)-. and to this second marriage six children were born, five of whom survive. While at a verj- tender age our subject was, bj- the death of his father, thrown upon his own resources. With but little more than the rudiments of an education, and while but a mere bo)-, he was apprenticed to a baker at Peru, with whom he remained long enough to acquire a very good knowledge of the trade, and then came to Plymouth, and for one year worked in the bakery- of X. R. Packard. Being by force of circumstances verj- economic and possessed of a laudable ambition to succeed in life and rise above being a wage-worker, he accumulated a small sum of mone\-, and left the emplo}- of Mr. Packard to open an establishment of his own, which was necessaril}- a small affair. He established a bakery first in a small house south of the river, but soon built a two story structure on Michigan street, and removed his business thereto. This building, however, was destroyed by fire on March 21, 1857, but he at once rebuilt, and carried on business successfully until January, 1866, when he was again burned out, losing in the last fire over $3,000. Nothing daunted he again rebuilt, and has since continued business, meeting with deserved success. He now has the largest as well as oldest establishment in his line in the city, and does the bulk of the bakerj- and confection business of Plj-mouth. Mr. Hill is a member of the Masonic fraternit\-, belonging to Pl\mouth-Kilninning lodge, No. 149, of Plymouth chapter,"Xo. 49, and Plymouth commandery, K. T., Xo. iS. He has filled most all of the chairs in the chapter and commander)', and is a past eminent commander. He was married on January i, iS57,to Joanna Anger- man, who was born in Solon, Saxony, Germany, and came with her parents to the United States during the fifties, and settled first at South Bend, Ind., and subsequently settled in Plymouth. To this union four children have been born, only two of whom surwve: Fred W., in business with his father, and Anna B., now the wife of C. H. Buck, formerly of Plymouth, but now of St. Mary's, Penn.

J.N. Holem, proprietor of a livery stable and dealer in agricultural implements, was born in West township, this county, January 31, 1S54, and is a son of Peter and Rebecca (Weyrick) Holem, who have been residents of Marshall county for a number of years. Mr. Holem was reared in his native township on a farm, attended the public schools for some years, and subsequently entered the Valparaiso normal school in which he obtained a professional training for teaching. He followed this useful calling for a number of years, having taught fifteen terms of school, all in West township, a fact which speaks well for his abilit}' as a competent instructor. He also followed agricultural pursuits for some 3-ears, and on January ist, 1S77, was married to Miss Ellen C. Fertig, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Freese) Fertig, residents of West township. For some time after his marriage he farmed on the place of his father-in-law, but abandoned agricultural pursuits in iSSSand purchased an interest in a livery business in Plymouth which for some time was conducted under the firm name of Holem & Swigard. In June, iSqo, Mr. Holem traded his interest in the livery to J. W. Brown for the right to a patent tongue support or spring, for Indiana, and is now operating the same. Mr. Holem deals quite extensively in agricultural implements and farm machinerj^ and is the patentee of a device for supporting the tongues of vehicles besides having a patent on a double dash churn. He is a public spirited citizen, democratic in politics, and is now the representative of the Second ward in the Plymouth city council. He and wife are members of the German Baptist church. They have three children, viz.: Franklin O., Oran F. and Clara Alice.

John Hoham, an old and honored citizen of Plymouth, was born in Alsace, Germany, in the city of Strasburg, June 17, 1S20. In September, 1S31, he left home and began working on a farm, and in 1840 came to the United States, landing in New York city after a voyage of fifty-six days. From that city he went to Lyons, N. Y., near which place he found employment on a farm at $100 a year, and after remaining there one year he found similar employment near the city of Buffalo, where, in addition to farm work, he was also engaged in the lumber business. He then came west, and in September, 1S44, located in Marshall count}', Ind., purchasing a farm of eighty acres in the old Indian reserve at Lake Maxinkuckee, in Union township. He was the first one to purchase real estate in that part of the county, and for one year lived entirely alone in the little log cabin which he had erected upon his land. In 1845 he was married to Mary Moller, a native of Germany, but living at that time in Fulton county, this state, where the marriage took place. He contirfued to reside on his farm for eight years, in which time he added to his original purchase, becoming the possessor of 160 acres of land. He disposed of his farm in 1852 and purchased a farm of 200 acres in West township, 125 acres of which he cleared and put in cultivation and resided upon the same for a period of about five years. During the years 1854-55 he was joined by his friends and relatives from the old country, his father and mother having died in Germany previous to that time. In October, 1S57, he purchased three acres of land one mile southwest of Plymouth, to which he at once removed and upon which he erected the first brewery in Marshall county. He continued the brewing business and in connection with the same carried on farming and stock-raising quite extensively for a period of ten years, when he sold the brewery to his brother-in-law and partner, John Klinghammer, who continued the business, Mr. Hoham remaining possessor of the outside property. In 1867 he purchased from Henry Carter, of New York city, the block between Center and Michigan streets, in Plymouth, Ind., paying for the same the sum of $15,000. Returning to Plymouth he erected nine one-story business houses which, with those already on the property, made twelve in all, of which he was at that time owner. He purchased at the same time lot 176, Center street, upon which his present residence is standing. In i86q he embarked in the hardware business, in which he was engaged about five years, disposing of his interest at that time for $13,000. In 1872, while absent at La Porte, attending the funeral of a friend, the greater part of his valuable property in Plymouth was completely destroyed by fire, entailing upon him a loss exceeding $25,000. With that energy which has always characterized his actions he at once began to rebuild, and within three months had completed six brick business houses, the aggregate cost of which was $20,000. During these years he became the possessor of good landed property in the country, having purchased several valuable farms which he subsequently sold. He still owns the six business houses above mentioned, besides other city property, and about eighty acres of land within a short distance of Plymouth, which is among the most valuable real estate in the county. While a resident of West township he filled the office of trustee for four years, aside from which he has not asked nor sought official positions. Mr. Hoham's life has been a very active one, and in his business ventures he has met with success such as few attain. He has been liberal in the use of his means in advancing the material welfare of Plymouth, and as a public -spirited citizen fully alive to the interests of city and county, few stand higher in the estimation of the people than he. His first wife died in 1875, leaving nine children, seven of whom are living: Oliver C, John E., Fred B., William E., Mrs. Catherine Palmer, Mrs.Magdalena Loesch, Mrs. Louisa Haberkorn. Mr. Hoham was again married July, 1876, to Margaret Hansen, a resident of Plymouth, but a native of Denmark, who has borne him five children, four living, viz.: Mary, George K., Harry and Martin L. Mr. Hoham and family are members of the Lutheran church, and for twenty-five years he has been an active worker in the Sabbath school. During the late war Mr. Hoham put in a substitute, whose name was Alexandria Dunlap, and paid him $800.

Among the old citizens and pioneers of Marshall county is Hugh Jackman, who was born in Franklin county, Ind., December 10, 1815, the son of Edward and Mary (Brison) Jackman. The father was a native of Pennsylvania, but when a child was taken by his parents to Franklin county, Ind., in which part of the state he grew to manhood. Mrs. Jackman was born in Virginia, and was the daughter of Hugh Brison, who was a soldier in the war of the revolution. She was reared in Franklin county, Ind., and with her husband came to Marshall county in 1846, and settled in Center township, where their respective deaths afterward occurred. They reared a family of seven children, five of whom are living, viz.: The subject of this sketch; William, of Howard county; Maria, wife of Joseph Burton, of Wisconsin; Edward, of Missouri, and Mrs. Margaret Carr, of the same state. When ten years of age Hugh Jackman was taken by his parents to Decatur county, Ind., in the primitive log school-houses of which he received the elements of an English education. He was reared on a farm, and early became a tiller of the soil, which useful calling has been his life's work. He settled upon his present place in Marshall county, in 1847, and is now one of the oldest residents of Center township. He has a well improved farm, and is one of the successful men of the community. He was married in Fayette county, Ind., to Julia, daughter of Nathan Aldridge, who bore him a family, none of whom are living. Mrs. Jackman died in 1848, and the following year Mr. Jackman married Caroline Groves, by whom he had the following children: Jasper, Theodore, William W., Marion, and Commodore. Mrs. Jackman departed this life in 1872. Mr. Jackman is a democrat in politics.

John C. Jilson, freight and passenger agent of the Lake Erie & Western R. R. company, at Plymouth, Ind., is a native of Ohio, born January 26, 1846. The father of Mr. Jilson was Sidney Jilson^ who was a native of New York state, born in 1813. He removed to Ohio in about 1835, and was one of the pioneers of that state.

He located in Dayton, where for several years he followed carpentering. From Dayton he removed to Troy, where he resided for two years, and then went to Piqua. While in Troy he began the practice of medicine, having previously fitted himself for the medical profession. He continued to reside and practice medicine in Piqua, until he removed to Plymouth, in the fall of i88g, and now makes his home with his son. He was married in Dayton to Ellen B. Chapman, who was born in 1S15, and who is still living. There were six children born to the parents, four of whom survive. The subject of this sketch remained in Dayton until his eleventh year, and then he went to Troy, Ohio, where he attended school. He also attended school in Piqua, and in 1864 left the latter place and went to Rockford, Ills., where he entered the grocery store of his uncle as clerk. The same summer, in June, he enlisted in Company B of the One Hundred and Fortysixth Illinois volunteer infantry, and served until the close of the war, being mustered out at Springfield, Ills. After the war he returned to Piqua and learned telegraphy, and subsequently he held positions as operator at Morrow, Ohio, Richmond, Ind., Columbus, Ind., Rochester, Ind., and in 1869 he located at Plymouth and took the position of agent and operator of what is now the L. E. & W. R. R. Co. He has been in the employ of this company for over twenty years, and is one of the oldest employes in point of experience in the service of the company. Mr. Jilson is a member of Killninning lodge. No. 149, F. & A. M., is one of Plymouth chapter. No. 49, Plymouth commandery, K. T., No. 26, and has filled all the chairs in the different degrees, and is a past eminent commander of the commandery, also a member of Cyrene council, No. 944, Royal Arcanum. He was formerly a G. A. R. From 18S2 till 18S6 he was clerk of Plymouth, and in 1886 he was elected to the council from the Second ward, and was reelected, being a member at the present time. Mr. Jilson was married in 1876, to Fanny Shearer, who was born at Lima, Ohio, and is the daughter of Benjamin F. Shearer. To this union one son has been born, J. Romer, in 1885.

Hon. Perry O.Jones, a prominent member of the Marshall bar and present member of the Indiana state senate, representing the counties of Marshall and Fulton, was born in Greene township, this county, April 5, 1847. His father, Tyra Jones, was a native of Pennsylvania, but early moved to Ohio, in which state he was married to Sarah Ames, the mother of our subject. He came to Indiana in 1S36, and after a short residence in Kosciusko county, and in the spring of 1837, settled in Marshall county, locating 120 acres of land in Greene township upon which he lived until his death in the fall of 1876. Mr. Jones is a man of intelligence, unostentatious in manner, but very successful in his business affairs, having accumulated a handsome property, his farm at the time of his death, consisting of over 300 acres of valuable land. He has always been a public spirited citizen, and though opposed to asking for official positions, was honored at one time by being elected a member of the board of county commissioners. He and his wife, who died in 1S80, were both earnest members of the Christian church. To their marriage were born ten children, of whom eight are now living. Perry O. Jones spent the years of his youth on his father's farm, and in early life enjoyed the advantages of a common scoool education. He left the parental roof at the age of twenty-two years, and attended school one year at Rochester, and later pursued his studies at the Valparaiso normal school, which he attended two terms, teaching school in the meantime. He was for some months engaged in the sewing machine business, but having early manifested a decided preference for the law, he entered an office at Warsaw, in 1S71, in which he pursued a course of professional reading for about eighteen months, becoming a student in the law department of the state university at Bloomington. He attended this institution two terms, and in the spring of 1873 was admitted to the bar in Marshall county, and began the practice of his profession at Plymouth, where he soon earned the reputation of a careful and painstaking attorney. After spending ten months in the office of C. H. Reeve, he affected a co-partnership with John S. Bender, Esq., which lasted until the spring of 1S75. In the preceding fall he was elected prosecuting attorney for the district composed of Marshall, Fulton and Kosciusko counties, was re-elected in 1876, and filled the office for a period of four years. During the years 1876-77, he was a member of the common council of the city of Plymouth, representing the Third ward, in which body he was a prominent factor in shaping city legislation, and he was elected mayor of said city in 1879, re-elected in 1S81, serving in that capacity for four years when he was again elected a member of the council. In November, 1888, he was elected upon the democratic ticket, state senator for the counties of Marshall and Fulton, and is the present incumbent of that office. As a proof of his popularity with the people. It is only sufficient to say that he was never defeated for any position for which he offered himself as a candidate. He has been quite successful as a lawyer and enjoys a large and lucrative practice in Marshall and other counties. In addition to his general practice he has given considerable attention to the insurance and real estate business, and also operates a fine farm of 170 acres, one and a half miles south of Plymouth. Mr. Jones was married April 13, 1875, to Nancy C. Fife, of Marshall county, daughter of Thomas Fife, deceased, to which union four children have been born, of which two are now living, Arthur C. and Lou Clare. Mr. Jones is a member of the Masonic 12 - B.

Prominent among the representative citizens of Marshall county, Ind., is Major William M. Kendall, who for nearl}' forty years has been an honored citizen of Plymouth, and whose career as an official, soldier and merchant forms an interesting and component part of the history of the county and its capital. Major Kendall is a native of the Empire state, having been born on March 11, 1841, at Warsaw, Wyoming county. In 1S51, when ten years of age, he came to Plymouth with his father, who died here two years later. During the period from 1853 to 1857, young Kendall made his home with H. B. Pershing, but in the latter year he was appointed deputy clerk of Marshall county, under N. R. Packard, and discharged the duties of that position until September, 1S60. He then entered Ashbury university, (now De Pauw) , at Green Castle, where he pursued his studies until the following spring, when he returned to Plymouth, and took charge of the postoffice, during the absence of the postmaster, Col. O. H. P. Bailey, who was at the front with the Union ami}'. In January, 1862, Col. Bailey resigned and returned to Plymouth, and a short time afterward the young deputy postmaster was commissioned a second lieutenant b}' Gov. IVIorton, and at once raised a company of volunteers for the federal army, which was mustered into service as Company D, of the Seventy-third regiment of Indiana volunteers. The company went into camp at South Bend, on July 12, 1862, when Lieut. Kendall was unanimously elected by Company' D, as their captain. He served gallantly until 1865, and while an inmate of a rebel prison in 1864, was commissioned major of the Seventythird Indiana regiment. Upon his release he joined his command at Larkinsville, Ala., where he was placed in command of the post, and remained there until the war closed, and the order came for his command to be mustered out. Returning on July 12, 1865, he was mustered out of service at Indianapolis, with the rank of lieutenant colonel by brevet. Major Kendall then returned to Plymouth, and engaged in mercantile pursuits, at which he was successfully engaged until. 1S69, when he was appointed postmaster of Plymouth by President Grant. He continued to hold the position of postmaster during the different republican administrations, and retired from the same on August i, 1SS5, being one of the first removed under President Cleveland's administration, having served over sixteen A ears with satisfaction to all concerned and credit to himself. While in the postoffice, in 1872, Major Kendall engaged in the book and stationery business, which he has since continued. In July, 1 888, he increased his business by adding a large and full line of groceries to the stationery business, and at present is conducting both enterprises, occupying two large store rooms on the southeast corner of La Porte and Michigan streets. Major Kendall is a member of Cyrene council, No. 944, Royal Arcanum, and of Miles H. Tibbitt's post, No. 260, G. A. R. Major Kendall was married on September 29, 1861, to Harriet E., the daughter of Dr. Lyman Griffin, deceased, of Plymouth. She was born in Plymouth, in 1843. To their union six children have been born, one of whom is deceased. The living children are: Grace A., Mark Lee, Raymond Ames, Mary and Edith. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The parents of Major Kendall were Abiather and Dorothy (Mack) Kendall. The father was born in Maine and the mother in New Hampshire, their marriage occurring in the latter state. Abiather Kendall learned the merchant tailor's trade when young, which he followed diiring life. He removed to New York state in 1840, and in 1847 he came west, and located at Grand Rapids, Mich., where he remained until about 1S50, and then removed to La Porte, Ind., where his wife died. In 1851 he located in Plymouth, where his death occurred in 1853, in his forty-eighth year. There were six children born to the parents, of which the subject of this sketch was the fourth in number, and is the only surviving member. During Major Kendall's residence in Plymouth, he has taken an active and conspicuous part in public and political affairs. He has on several occasions led a forlorn hope for his party, there being no chance of success on account of the large democratic majority. He has served as a member of the republican county central committee of Marshall county for a great many years, and is at present, and has been during four campaigns, chairman of the same.

Hon. Charles Kellison, the subject of this sketch, was born near the city of Hornellsville, Steuben county, N. Y., on the 17th day of June, 1S50, being the youngest of seven children, whose parents were James and Elizabeth Kellison. His boyhood was spent in the severe labor of the farm, and as a consequence his opportunities for obtaining an education were confined during those years to the country schools of his neighborhood. He early developed a strong liking for mathematics, poetry, language, history and science, and by the closest application when at school and by employing his-unoccupied hours and evenings, while engaged in farm life, succeeded in acquiring a fund of knowledge far in advance of the average person of like opportunities. In this manner, without other advantages than such as were afforded by the district schools, and a few years in the city schools of Hornellsville, at the age of eighteen, he possessed mental acquirements rarely equalled by those having the advantages of a thorough academic course. He was at this time a fair Latin scholar and possessed some knowledge of the Gerl8o HISTORY OF INDIANA.

man. His earliest ambition was to become a lawyer, and when about eighteen years of age he decided to take a medical and scientific course at college as a better means of preparing him for a specialty in the law. He completed this course, took the degree of doctor of medicine at the University of Michigan at the age of twenty-two. He practiced medicine for two j'ears at Scio, Alleghany county, N. Y., for the purpose of earning means to prosecute his legal studies, made a decided success, and gained considerable reputation as a surgeon. In 1S74, for the purpose of getting in the profession of law, according to original plan, he left a promising medical practice, and removed to Decatur, Adams county, Ind., where he entered himself as a law student in the office of Judge Studebaker of that place, and was admitted to the bar in 1S76. Mr. Kellison spent several 3'ears of his life in the work of teaching in the public schools of New York and Indiana, and in Adams county before his admission to the bar he was employed in the grammar department of the Decatur public schools as a teacher. In 1S77 he settled in Plymouth, Marshall county, Ind., where he has since been engaged in the practice of law. In politics he has always been a democrat, and has served the people of Marshall county two terms in the legislature. The writer has been intimately acquainted with him for many years, and is familiar with his standing as a lawyer and a citizen. He has a strong analytical mind, indomitable pluck and perseverance, and he has met with flattering success in the practice of his profession. As a member of the legislature of 1SS5 without previous legislative experience or parliamentary practice, he leaped at once into prominence as a strong and parliamentarian. He was particularly noted for his absolute fearlessness and rugged honest}^ He vigorously opposed the apportionment bill of 1885 (commonly called the gerrymander), and made a strong speech in opposition to it in the house when floors and galleries were packed with people. He to his political associates to refrain from passing so unfair a measure, and predicted the defeat of his party in 1886, if they passed the bill, a prediction that was fulfilled to the letter. Some of the ward politicians of his city were displeased with this action, and sought to defeat him for renomination. They brought -out three candidates against him at the primaries, but the demo- 'Cratic masses of his district were pleased with his loj'alt}' to jeffersonian principles, and Mr. Kellison received more than eighty per cent, of the entire vote, and was renominated by acclamation in the delegate convention that followed. He was re-elected by an increased majority, and at both his first and second elections, was the first candidate for representative in his county that received a majority of all the votes cast for that office for a period of eight or ten years before his candidacy. In the legislature of

1SS7, he was one of the foremost figures on the democratic side in the stirring scenes incident to the election of Mr. Turpie to the senate. He was one of the three democratic members of the house that were by universal consent looked to by their colleagues for parliamentary leadership and political guidance. These three, Kellison, Jewett and Gordon, represented the democratic members of the house in the celebrated " compromise " conference that practically guaranteed the election of Senator Turpie. Mr. Kellison was chairman of the democratic caucus committee of the house during the session of 1887, and presided over the joint convention that nominated Senator Turpie. As an orator Mr. Kellison had no superior in either branch of the general assembly, and as a jury advocate and political speaker stands in the front ranks. He took the place of Senator D. W. Voorhees as orator of the evening at the Emmett anniversary of 18S7, and with but few hours for preparation, delivered an address that was pronounced equal to anything that had ever been made on that occasion in the city of Indianapolis. As a legislator he labored earnestly and untiringly to secure the passage of laws that would better "the condition of the masses of the people. He endeavored to secure legislation to exempt individuals^ whose property was encumbered with valid liens and obligations, from paying taxes on what they owed. His celebrated bill to reduce interest to six per cent, was the occasion of the greatest struggle in the house in the session of 1887. Mr. Kellison's speech in support of that measui-e was universally conceded to be the strongest array of facts and argument, and the most eloquent appeal for the reduction of the burdens of the debtor class, that was ever made in the legislature of Indiana. The bill failed by a few votes, but the author's speech was published in full in the Indianapolis Sentinel, and more than a thousand extra copies were purchased and circulated by friends of the measure in the house and senate. Mr. Kellison could have received the nomination for a third term in 1888 without opposition, but publicly and positively declined to be a candidate. His name has been mentioned for congress in the thirteenth district, and he has long ago earned a nomination to that office by his numerous campaigns and able speeches in behalf of democratic congressional nominees, but he has never asked or been a candidate for , that nomination, and refuses to push himself for any office. He is honest and straightforward in all his business transactions, is industrious and painstaking in all he undertakes, and whether he continues in political life, or confines himself to professional pursuits, he is a man who is bound to grow in favor u'lth the people.

Rudolph C. Kloepfer, manager of the largest dry goods and carpet house in Plymouth, was born in the kingdom of Wurteml82 HISTORY OF INDIANA.

burg, Germany, December iq, 1849, the son of Rudolph C. and Augusta (Colb) Kloepfer, both natives of the same country. The father followed the drug business in Germany until 1840, when he came to the United States, locating in New York city, where he followed the same trade for some years. In 1848, after his marriage, he returned to the old country and resumed his business there, but ten years later came back to the United States, and located at Joliet, 111., where he remained one year, moving thence to Michigan City, Ind., in which city he followed the drug business until his death in 1874. His widow, who is still living with a daughter at Massillon, Ohio, has reached the ripe old age of eighty-one years. Rudolph C. Kloepfer, who is one of five children born to the above parents, spent his youthful years principally at Michigan City, and received a good education in the public schools, which supplemented by a commercial course in an institution at Chicago, has enabled him to manage quite successfully his various business enterprises. He came to Plymouth from Michigan City in 1876, for the purpose of starting a branch store of his establishment in the latter place, which for some time previous had been conducted under the firm name of Kloepfer & Co., there being two other partners, Frederick Bofinger and Henry Opperman. Mr. Kloepfer took charge of the store in Plymouth, and when the partnership was dissolved a few years later, Mr. Opperman withdrawing, another house was established in Michigan City, which with the one at Plymouth, was conducted under the firm name of Kloepfer and Bofinger until 1S83, when thej' were compelled to suspend business on account of financial embarrassment. Subsequently Mr. Kloepfer purchased the business from the assignee, and has since succeeded in building up a very large and lucrative trade, the house at this time being the largest establishment of the kind in Marshall county, the stock representing a capital of $20,000, while the annual sales are considerably in excess of $50,000. Mr. Kloepfer was married in 1875 to Leonore Bofinger, daughter of Rev. C. Bofinger, pastor of the German Lutheran church, at Plymouth. Six children have been born to this union, one of whom is living, Carl O. Mr. Kloepfer is an active member of the Lutheran church, at Plymouth, in which he holds the office of trustee and secretary.

Fred H. Kuhn, proprietor of the leading meat market of Plymouth, and chief of the city fire department, is a native of Michigan, born in Detroit on the 6th day of Januarj', 1858. His father, Henry Kuhn, a native of Germany, came to the United States in 1850, and first located at the city of Detroit, where he engaged in the tannery business, subsequentlj' following the trade at New Baltimore, to which place he moved in 1864, residing there until his removal to Port Huron, Mich., in 1867. He still lives at the latter place and is engaged in the leather and finding business, being one of the leading tradesmen of the city. He was married in Detroit, Mich., to Elizabeth Meyer, who was born in Germany, the result of which union has been six children. The subject of this biography remained with his parents until 1S75, and received a liberal education in both the English and German tongues. He early began to learn the butcher trade in Port Huron, and after becoming proficient in the same, went to Michigan City, Ind., in 1S77, and continued there working at his trade until the fall of the sam.e year, when he located in Plymouth, where he remained until July, 1878. At that time he went to Chicago and worked in that city until 1879, when he returned to Plymouth and engaged in business for himself, establishing a meat market which has since grown to be the largest enterprise in the city, and one of the most successful in northern Indiana. Mr. Kuhn began business upon a very small scale, and with but limited capital. But by studying the demands of the trade, with a laudable desire to please his customers, he has succeeded in building up a handsome business and is now one of the representative men of the city. On May 5, 1884, he was appointed by the council chief of the Plymouth fire department, the duties of which position he has since discharged in a manner highly creditable to himself and pleasing to the public. Previous to 1884, the head of the fire department was chosen every year, but since Mr. Kuhn's appointment, which has been so satisfactory to the people of the city, the council has seen fit to retain him, a fact which speaks well for his efiiciency and popularity. He is a member of the Odd Fellows' fraternity, K.of P., Royal Arcanum, and belongs to both the National Association of Fire Engineers, of which he is at present one of the vice presidents, and the State Firemen's Association of Indiana. He was married September 14, 1880, to Miss Bertha Haslanger, of Plymouth, daughter of William and Anna Haslanger, a union blessed with the birth of two children: Fred H. and Gustave R. Mr. and Mrs. Kuhn are active members of the St. John's Evangelical church of Plymouth. John C. Kuhn was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, March 20, 1842. He is the son of Frederick Kuhn, also a native of Wurtemberg, who came to America in 1855, settling first in Canada, and later, in the United States. The mother of the subject died in Germany, and he accompanied his father to this country in the year above mentioned. John C. Kuhn learned the shoemaker's trade in Canada, where he worked at the same for some time, and afterward followed his chosen calling at La Porte, Ind., to which city he moved in 1862. In 1863, he enlisted in the state troops for the purpose of assisting in driving the guerilla Morgan out of Indiana, and in January, 1864, he entered the service of the United States as a menber of Company D, Thirty-second

Indiana Infantry. He participated in the Georgia campaign under Gen. Thomas, was in the celebrated march to sea, and while engaged in one battle, received a severe wound in the right foot, w^hich compelled him to leave the active serviceof the field. He subsequently started to join his regiment at Chattanooga, and got as far as Nashville, where, on account of having been badly frozen by exposure, he was obliged to go to the hospital, in which he lay under the physician's care for eight days. From Nashville, he was sent to the general hospital at Jeffersonville, Ind., where he remained until discharged from the service. May 27, 1865. On leaving the army, he returned to La Porte and resumed his trade, and was married in that city August 3, 1865, to Miss Frederica Berndt, who was born in Germany, January i, 1843. Mrs. Kuhn came to the United States with her parents, in 1854, settling in Michigan City, from which place the family moved to La Porte, a few years later. In September, 1S67, Mr. Kuhn came to Plymouth and entered the employ of John Paul, for whom he worked at his trade for three years, making a specialty of fine boots and shoes. He then purchased the tools of his employer, and after he had run the shop by himself for six months, effected a co-partnership with Jacob Weckerly, from which he was obliged to retire at the end of six months, on account of sickness. He afterward returned to his trade and ran a business one and a half years, when he was again compelled to close out on account of an accident which resulted in a broken arm. He then went into partnership with John M. Shoemacher, and two years later, purchased his partner's interest, and for seven years thereafter, continued the business upon his own responsibility. He was eleven and one-half y&ars in all, in the shoe businsss. He engaged in the liquor trade in 1881, and has continued the same with success and financial profit to the present time. Mr. Kuhn is a member of the fire department of Plymouth, to which he has belonged since 1868, and is now captain of the fire police, a position which he has filled with eminent satisfaction. He was made an Odd Fellow in 1863, belongs to the Royal Arcanum, and is a member of the Miles Tibbitt's post, G. A. R., of which he is now quarter-master. He and wife are members of the German Lutheran church. They have had a family of seven children, the following of whom are now living: Fdward E., born November 9, 1870; John F., born June 2, 1872; Adolph M., born April 14, 1877, and Mate C, born February 24, iSSi.

Charles H. Lehr, auditor of Marshall count}', is a native of St. Joseph county, Ind., and the eldest of fifteen children born to Samuel and Malinda (Guiselman) Lehr, both natives of Ohio, the father born in Stark county, and the mother in New Paris. The subject's ancestors came originally from Germany, and were among the substantial pioneers of Ohio, in which state Samuel

Lehr grew to manhood. He was a farmer by occupation, and in connection with agricultural pursuits, followed carpentering, which he learned in his younger days. Charles H. Lehr came to Marshall county with his parents when three years of age and was raised on a farm four and one-half miles east of Bremen. He was deprived of educational advantages until his eleventh year, after which he attended two or three terms in the pioneer log school-house, but did not make very great progress in his studies. He has been an intelligent observer, however, and by coming in contact with his fellow men in business and official capacities, has obtained a practical knowledge such as schools and colleges do not impart. He remained under the parental roof until seventeen years of age, at which time he began life upon his own responsibility as a moulder in the town of Bremen, but at the expiration of three months he abandoned this trade and engaged as fireman on a saw-mill. He afterward became head sawyer, a position he held during the winter season for several years, working during the summer season at the carpenter's trade. At the age of nineteen he responded to the country's call for volunteers, enlisting August i, 1861, in Company K, Twenty-ninth regiment, Indiana infantry, which formed a part of the army of the Cumberland. He was with his command in all of its varied experiences until honorably discharged, November 6, 1864, and during his period of service took part in a number of the bloodiest engagements of the war, including the battle of Shiloh, where his cartridge box and canteen were shot away and his clothing pierced by a number of bullets. After the siege of Corinth he marched across Mississippi and Alabama, and later on a retreat to Louisville, marching from Bowling Green to Louisville, he suffered great privations, becoming shoeless and being compelled to clothe his feet with rags in order to keep them from being lacerated by the stones upon the highway. To give a full account of Mr. Lehr's army experience would require an elaborately filled volume, but suffice it to say, that his record while in the service is without a blemish, and he earned the reputation of a brave and gallant soldier. After his discharge, he returned to Bremen, and the following spring engaged in carpentering and building, and was also head sawyer on a large mill during a part of the year. In 1870 he began journeyman work at cabinetmaking, in which he became quite skillful and which he followed for a period of several years. He was elected justice of the peace in 1872, the duties of which office he discharged for eight years, and in the meantime he was elected town clerk of Bremen, a position he filled with credit for about seven years. He was for several years engaged in the saw-milling business, which in the main was very remunerative, although he met with several reverses. He has been active in politics since 1S68, having served twelve years on the democratic central committee where his abilities won for him recognition among the leaders of his party in Marshall county. He was for four years deputy auditor, and in i8S6 was his party's nominee for auditor, to which he was elected by the average majority. As a public official, Mr. Lehr has been quite popular with the people, and under his management the business of the office has been conducted with efficiency and dispatch. He is a member of the Masonic order and the G. A. R., in which he has served as commander of the post. In the Masonic fraternity he has served as master for a number of years, besides holding all other stations in the Blue lodge, and having

(Ringle) Carnahan. Mrs. Lehr was born in Armstrong county, Penn., and when five years of age accompanied her parents to Iowa, in which state her father died. The mother subsequently settled in Marshall county, and later moved to La Porte county where Mrs. Lehr was living at the time of her marriage. The following are the names of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Lehr: Cora A., Norman Edward, Hattie B., and Melinda A.

Lebrecht Lumis, cooper, was born in the kingdom of Saxony, Germany, September 8, 1829, and is the son of George and Mary Lumis, both natives of the same country. He was reared and educated in Saxony and at the age of thirteen began to learn the cooper's trade, and after becoming proficient in the same, opened a shop which he conducted for about one year. In 1853 he came tothe United States and located at South Bend, where he worked as journeyman until the spring of 1855, at which time he came to Plymouth and established a shop, one of the largest of the kind in the city, and has since conducted a successful business. He purchased the old court house and moved it to its present location, and has used it as a shop until the present time. Mr. Lumis has been successful in a financial point of view, having accumulated a handsome competence, and is now one of the stockholders of the Plymouth Plow factory, and also of the electric light compan}^ He handles all kinds of cooperage material, manufactures all kinds of barrels for the local and general trade, and his business has much more than a local reputation. He was married in Plymouth, December i, 1857, to Miss Carrie Ebel, a native of Prussia, who died November 30, 1880. Two children of this marriage are living, viz.: Mary, wife of Jacob Schroeder, and Carrie, wife of B. Sells. Mr. Lumis is a democrat in politics and a member of the Lutheran church.

Daniel McDonald is one of the most prominent and influential citizens of Marshall county. The name has for many years been identified with the press of the county, the father of Daniel having established the Marshall Connty Democrat in 1855, and the paper afterward being principally owned or edited by himself or sons. Daniel McDonald bought a half-interest in the office from his father in August, 1875, ^"d since that time has been conspicuously connected with the paper as its editor. The Plymouth Democrat, as it has been known since i860, has always occupied a high rank in that hard working and progressive fraternity known as "the country press of Indiana." None of the democratic state papers have had more influence with their party during the troubled years since the war than the one presided over by Daniel McDonald. But it is not simply as an editor that he has been conspicuous and influential among the democracy. He has represented it in various positions of trust and has been a familiar figure as delegate to its various conventions of all grades. In 1869 he was elected by his party as representative in the legislature from Marshall county, and served with ability and fidelity. In 1871, April 3, he was appointed clerk of Marshall county to fill out an unexpired term which expired on November i of the same year. He then commenced the term for which he had been elected, which expired November i, 1875. He was re-elected and served for four more years. It is hardly necessary to add that he performed the responsible duties of the clerkship to the entire satisfaction of the people of the county and retired with the good will of all. Mr. McDonald ranks as an " old settler," having resided at Plymouth ever since the county of Marshall was organized, in 1836. In addition to the local honors conferred upon him, Mr. McDonald has often been " spoken of " for higher places, and once or twice made the race for state nominations from his party, but failed to meet with his usual success in this ambition. Mr. McDonald is about fifty-eight years of age and few men approach the evening of life with more personal friends or more general popularity with all classes.

One of the successful lawyers of Marshall county is J. D. McLaren, who was born in Indiana county, Penn., July 18, 1835. He is a son of James and Mary J. (Hill) McLaren, who moved from their native county, Indiana, to Westmoreland county, Penn., where they lived until the year 1854. In that year James McLaren moved to the city of Saltzburg, Indiana county, for the purpose of educating his family, but subsequently returned to Westmoreland county in 1857, moving thence in 1862 to McCoupon county. Ills., where his death afterward occurred. He was a man of intelligence, possessed rare business qualities, and for some years was superintendent of the Pennsylvania state railroad from Johnstown to Holidaysburg. John D. McLaren was reared in Pennsylvania, and in early life attended the schools at Saltzburg, and later became a student in Washington college,

Jefferson county, Penn., where he pursued his studies for some time, but owing to financial trouble was not enabled to complete the full course. He was for some time engaged in teaching in the town of Livermore, Westmoreland county, and in July, 1856, began the study of law in the office of H. \V. Weir, of Saltzburg, under whose instruction he continued until September, 1858, at which time he was admitted to the bar. He then effected a co-partnership with his preceptor, and began the practice of his profession in Indiana county, where he continued in the enjoyment of a lucrative business until the spring of 1865. In the meantime, July, 1863, he enlisted in a company' which was recruited in the town where he resided, was mustered into the service at Pittsburgh, and was honorably discharged January 21, 1S64, having served principally on detail duty. In 1865 he went to Illinois, and after remaining there one year returned to Pennsylvania with the intention of locating at Pittsburgh, but was deterred from so doing on account of a fire which destroyed his valuable law library. Upon the solicitation of friends he came to Indiana in 1866, and located in Knox, the seat of justice of Stark county, where he began the practice of his profession, in which he soon won recognition among the successful lawyers of that city. In 1875 he located in Warsaw, Ind., for the purpose of educating his children, but in the spring of 1877 moved to Valparaiso, which was his home until the following September, at which time he came to Plymouth, where he has since resided and where he has a large and lucrative practice in the courts of Marshall and other counties. As a practitioner his abundant resources never fail to advance the interest of his clients, and in his discussions of law to the court, or of fact to the jury, he is ever practical, logical and lucid. He has filled the office of judge of the circuit court of Marshall county by appointment, and in his experience on the bench he exhibited a keenness of perception, a firmness of grasp upon legal propositions, and power of analysis which belong only to the natural jurist. His first wife, Anna M. Porter, daughter of Andrew W. and Ruth S. Porter, whom he married November 5, 1S58, died in October, 1875. She was the mother of four children: Charles H., Birdie R., Daniel P. and John D. Mr. McLaren was again married February 2, 1879, to Miss Susan Williams, of Toledo, Ohio.

Christian Mannual was born in Germany, February 7, 1840, and is the son of Daniel and Louisa (Houff) Mannual, who came to America in 1844, and settled in Stark county, Ohio, where the father died in 1850. Mrs. Mannual is still living and makes her home at this time with the subject of this sketch. The following are the names of the living children of Mr. and Mrs. Mannual: Daniel, Antro, Charles, Christian, William and Elizabeth. Christian Mannual was reared in Ohio, and owing to the death of his father was early in life compelled to contribute his part toward the support of the family, in consequence of which he received but a limited educational training. He became a resident of Marshall county in 1862, and soon afterward settled upon his present place, where he cleared and developed a good farm of 140 acres, which represents his own labor and industry. He was married in 1S63 to Miss Elizabeth Zimmerman, daughter of Conrad Zimmerman, of Center township, and to their union have been born eleven children, viz.: Joseph I., Charles Emery, Barbara Louisa, wife of William Gottschalk; Daniel E., William, Lavina Catherine, John, Lewis, Detha, Bertha Maude, and Rosa Ella. Mr. Mannual was a soldier in the late war, enlisting in 1861 in Company K, Fifty-first Ohio volunteer infantry, with which he served for a period of eleven months. He is a member of the Miles H. Tibbitt's post, G. A. R., of Plymouth, and independent in politics.

John S. Martin, M. D., a native of Morris county, N. J., and son of Abraham and Lydia (Cumback) Martin, was born June 21, 1836. His parents, who were both natives of the same state, moved to southern Indiana, in 1838, and eight years later emigrated to Michigan, in which state they both died, the father on November 7, i860, and the mother in December, 1862. Of their eight children seven are now living, the doctor being the fifth in point of age. He was reared principally in Berrien county, Mich., moving there with his parents when ten j^ears of age. His early educational training was obtained in the public schools, and he subsequently became a student at Hillsdale college, and still later pursued his studies for some time in the state university at Ann Arbor. He began teaching in the public schools at the early age of seventeen, and as an instructor soon took high rank among the successful educators of that part of the state. He subsequently became principal of the Union school at Berrien count}', and also taught in Alligon and Kalamazoo counties, Mich., and La Porte county, Ind., having followed the profession with marked success until thirty-six years of age. In the meantime he began the study of medicine, which he pursued while engaged in his professional work, and with a laudable desire to become proficient in that calling, he entered the medical department of the Michigan university, in which he completed the prescribed course, graduating in homeopathy in 1877. After graduating he began the practice of his profession at Galesburg, Kalamazoo county, Mich., and after remaining there about ten years moved to Plymouth, Ind., where he has since resided m the enjoyment of an extensive practice in the city and adjacent county. Professionally the doctor occupies a conspicuous place among his brethren of the healing art, and he is no less popular as a citizen, possessing the confidence and esteem of a large cir- cle of friends in Marshall county. He was married in 1868 to Miss Minnie C. Huff, daughter of Henry Huff, of Newton county, N. J., to which union three children, Katie L., Martha A., and William Cumback, have been born. The doctor is a member of the State Medical society, of Michigan, a prohibitionist in his political views, and a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he holds the offices of steward and class leader.

E. C. Martindale, a successful lawyer of Plymouth, and exprosecuting attorney, was born in Cass county, Ind., February 2, 1850, and is the son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Cornwellj Martindale, natives respectively of North Carolina and Virginia. The father, a well-known minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, died in Fulton county, in 1S63, and the mother departed this life in the year 18S0. E. C. Martindale was taken by his parents, to Fulton county, at the age of four years, and received a good education in the city schools of Rochester. He began life for himself as a farmer, in Fulton county, and later, moved to Kansas, but on account of the death of his wife, he remained in that state but a short time, returning to Fulton county, where, in 1875, he began the study of law in the office of Enoch Sturgeon. He subsequently pursued his professional reading under the instruction of Messrs. Essick & Holman, and was admitted to the bar in Rochester. In the fall of 18S2, he located at Argos, Marshall county, and the same year was elected prosecuting attorne}^ for the district comprising the counties of Marshall and Fulton, the duties of which position he discharged in a highly creditable manner, for two terms, having been re-elected in 18S4. Near the close of his official term he formed a law partnership with J. D. McLaren, in Plymouth, and the firm has since practiced quite successfully in that city. He is well grounded in the principles of legal jurisprudence, Is a clear and logical speaker, a safe and reliable counselor, and occupies a conspicuous place among the successful practitioners of the Marshall county bar. Politically he is a democrat, and as such, has rendered his party valuable service in a number of campaigns. He was married March 21, 1872, to Miss Samantha Bridges, daughter of William Bridges, of Hancock county, Ind. Her death occurred November 21, 1873, and on June 9, 1S79, Mr. Martindale was again married to Miss Ann M., daughter of Frederick Stair, of Greene township, a union blessed with the birth of one child, Fred C.

Charles T. Mattingly, a retired business man and well-known citizen of Plymouth, was born in Corydon, Harrison county, Ind., October 6, 1845, and is the son of Ignatius and Rachael T. Mattingly. Ignatius Mattingly was a native of Maryland, which state he left at an early day, moving with his parents to Kentucky, where he was reared to maturity. He subsequently moved to Cory- don, Ind., where, for many years he was editor and proprietor of a newspaper. He came to Marshall county in 1856 and is now living at the town of Bourbon. The immediate subject of this sketch came to Marshall county' when eleven years of age and received his educational training in the public schools and in the office of the Marshall County Republican, of which his father was at that time the publisher. He also completed a commercial course at Oberlin, Ohio, and in 1S67 engaged in the lumber business, becoming a member of the well-known firms of Oglesbee, Mattingly & Black, and later of Oglesbee & Mattingly. He continued actively in the lumber business until the year 1S77, at which time he disposed of his interests in this line in Marshall county, but he now owns a large and controlling interest in the Indiana Lumber company of Nashville, Tenn. From 1SS5 to 1S89 he was engaged in the mercantile business, in Plymouth, which like his previous enterprise was conducted with financial profit and success. He was a soldier in the late war in Company E, One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Indiana Volunteers, in which he served until the expiration of his term of enlistment, having held the office of orderly sergeant. For the past several years Mr. Mattingly has given his attention to his real estate interests, being the owner of five valuable farms in this county, besides owning good property in Plymouth, Chicago and other cities. He possesses rare financial ability and is justly entitled to mention as one of the thrifty and enterprising citizens of Marshall county. He is prominent in the Masonic order, belonging to Kilwinning lodge, No. 149, Plymouth chapter. No. 49, and Plymouth commandery, K. T., No. 26. He is also a member of the Miles Tibbitt's post, G. A. R. Politically he belongs to the republican party. Miss Evalin L. Pain became his wife in 1866, and to their union has been born one son, Ralph Mattingly, who resides at home. Mr. and Mrs. Mattingly are attendants of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Prominent among the old and honored citizens of Plymouth, is Sigmond Mayer, member of the well-known grocery firm of Nussbaum & Mayer, is a native of Germany, born in Bibra, Saxe Meiningen, July 3, 1836. His parents M. A. and Minnie (Schayer) Mayer, were also natives of Germany, the father born in 1802, and the mother one year later. They lived and died in their native country, their deaths occurring in the years 1863 and 1849, respectively. Our subject was educated in the schools of his native country and afterward took a course in a commercial college at Cincinnati, Ohio. He came to this country in 1854, when eighteen years of age, and was for some time employed as clerk in a business house in New Orleans, going thence to Lawrenceburg, Ind., and still later to Cincinnati, making that city his headquarters while engaged in retailing jewelry throughout Indiana and the southern states. He was thus engaged in 1861, when the war of the rebellion broke out, in which 3'ear he secured the appointment of sutler to the twentj'-third Kentucky regiment. Subsequently he was made purveyor of Gen. Osterhaus' division at Vicksburgh, in which capacity he continued until March, 1864, when he severed his connection with the army and came to Plymouth and formed a partnership with L. Nussbaum in the grocery, wool, hide and fur business, and the firm thus constituted still continues. This is one of the oldest business houses in Plymouth, and has been reasonably successful. Mr. Mayer was naturalized as a citizen of the United States, in October, i860, and the following November cast his first presidential vote for Stephen A. Douglas, since which time he has been a supporter of the democratic party. During his residence in Plymouth, he has been quite active in local politics, having filled various positions of trust and responsibility. He was elected town treasurer and clerk of the corporation before the town obtained a city charter, filling both offices jointly during the years 1867-68 and 1869. For twelve years in succession, under the city charter, he represented the Second ward in the common council, in the deliberations of which body he took an active part. In June, 1886, he was chosen a member of the board of school trustees for a term of three years, was re-appointed in 1889, and is still a member of that body. His official life has been remarkably free from criticism and as a private citizen he has always enjoyed the confidence and esteem of the people of his adopted city. Mr. Mayer was married in 1858, to Hannah Shane, of Cincinnati, a native of SaxeWeimer, Germany, and to their union have been born the following children: Minnie, wife of Nathan Kramer, of Minnesota; Rosalie, wife of N. J. Speyer, of New York city; Milton, assistant manager of the Nelson Morris Slaughter and Canning Co., Union Stock Yards, Chicago; Bertha, wife of Simon Rosenhaut, of Spokane Falls, Wash.; Solomon, who resides at the same place; Fanny, Julia, Adolph and Edwin. Mr. Mayer is a prominent member of the Masonic order, belonging to the lodge at Plymouth.

Rev. Louis Aloysius Moench, pastor of the^ St. Michael's Catholic congregation of Plymouth, and also the Catholic church at Bourbon, is a native of Germany, born in Freudenberg, Baden, January 25th, 1S53. His early educational training was obtained in the schools of his native country, which he attended until his fourteenth year, when, in 1S67, he came to the United States, landing at New York city, moving from thence to Avilja, Noble county, Ind., where he made his home for one year with Rev. Father Duehmig, pastor of the Catholic church at that place. In 1869 he went to Milwaukee, Wis., and entered the St.

Stalled as assistant pastor at Avilla, Ind., In connection with which charge he also ministered to several small congregations in the northern part of the state. He was subsequently transferred to Fort Wayne, where for eight months he was assistant at the Cathedral at that place, and in 1S79, took charge of the congregation at Lebanon, Boone county, of which he continued as pastor until his return to Fort Wayne, in 18S1. He officiated as assistant pastor of St. Mary's church for one year and one month, and in February, 1S83, was transferred to Plymouth and has since had charge of the congregations at this place and Bourbon. Father Moench has become endeared to his people, and enjoys great personal popularity in Plymouth among all classes irrespective of church or creed. His life has been fraught with good works and in his sacred calling he has induced many to abandon the ways of sin for the better way of holiness and peace.

Courtland L. Morris, who for sixteen years has been closely identified with the lumber manufacturing interests of Marshall county, and who is the present proprietor of one of the largest saw-mills of northern Indiana, is a native of Ohio, born in the* county of Huron, June 21, 1S44. His parents were William and Angelina (Sweatland) Morris, the former a native of Danbury, Conn., and the latter of Wilksbarre, Penn. They were among the early settlers of Huron, Ohio, where the father followed farming, and where his death occurred about the year 1850. His wife preceded him to the grave, dying in 1846. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native county until sixteen years of age, at which time he went to Monmouth, 111., where for some years he "found employment as a farm laborer. In 1862, while at Monmouth, he enlisted in the army, joining Company C, of the Eighty-third Illinois volunteer infantry, with which he served as a private for three years, during the last two of which he did duty as a mounted scout with the army of the Cumberland. During his period of service he never lost a day from duty, and was neither captured nor wounded, although having participated in a number of bloody engagements. He was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., after which he went to Chicago, where on July 5, 1865, he received his discharge, and drew the residue of his pay. On leaving the army he returned to Illinois, and became a student in the Monmouth academy, in which he pursued his studies for one year, and then encered upon a commercial course in the Commercial college, at Oberlin, Ohio, which, with telegraphy, he completed in 1868. In that year he entered the service of the P., Ft. W. & C. R. R. Co., as telegraph operator, at Bourbon, Marshall county, Ind., where he took charge of the night office. He servec as night operator for about two and a half years, and was then made operator and station agent at il-B.

Inwood, in which capacity he continued until April, 1874. He severed his connection with the company in that year, and effected a co-partnership in the lumber business with George Shafer, Mr. Morris purchasing the interest of Charles Croup, and the firm thus formed became known by the name of Shafer & Morris. They manufactured and dealt in lumber at Inwood Station, and in the fall of 1S86, formed a branch of the business at Plymouth, to which city they afterward moved the main office, and also erected a large mill. In connection with the lumber business, they dealt quite extensively, while at Inwood, in buggies, carts, etc., and continued the same branch of business at Plymouth, where they handled large numbers of vehicles. On February 17, 1890, the partnership of Shafer & Morris, was by mutual consent dissolved, and the business divided, Mr. Shafer remaining in charge at Inwood, and Mr. Morris assuming control of the mill and office at Plymouth. The mill of which he is proprietor is the largest in the county, being 48x86 feet in size, and supplied with the latest improved machinery, the capacity being over 15,000 feet of lumber per day. In addition to the of lumber, a large business is carried on in felloes, chair stock, etc., large quantities of which are shipped to the leading cities in different parts of the country. Mr. Morris also handles all kinds of native lumber, buying and selling for the local and general markets, handling during the year about 1,000 cars upon the different railroads. He has a large wood-yard where he handles vast quantities of wood for the local fuel market, and also deals extensively in wagons, buggies and carts, in which he leads the trade in Plymouth. In 1S89 he entered into a business partnership with Charles E. Croup, under the name of Croup & Morris, and erected a large saw-mill at Marmont, at Lake Maxinkuckee, which is now in successful operation, manufacturing large quantities of lumber. Mr. Morris ranks among the successful business men of Marshall county, and is justly esteemed one of the representative citizens of Plymouth. He was married May i6th, 1868, to Mary E. Nickerson, of Huron county, Ohio, who has borne him eight children, five living, viz.: Nellie A., Hattie A., Courtland D., Lloyd H. and Lyrel G. Mr. Morris is prominent in local affairs, a republican in politics and belongs to the Royal Arcanum, and the Miles Tibbitt post. No. 260, G. A. R.. of Plymouth.

John Nifong, an enterprising farmer of Center township, is a native of Pennsylvania, born in Schuylkill county, that state, January 11, 1822. His parents were George and Magdalene (Jacoby) Nifong, who came from Schuylkill county to Marshall county, about the year 1852, and settled in Center township, upon the farm now occupied by Daniel Jacoby, which Mr. Nifong cleared and improved. Mr. and Mrs. Nifong were mem- bers of the German Reform church, and their deaths occurred in 1874 and 1875, respectively. Of their ten children but three are living, viz.: the subject of this biography; Mary, wife of William Kenley, and Martha, formerly Mrs. Greene, now Mrs. York. John Nifong moved from his native county and state when quite young, to Ohio, and after residing in Franklin and Delaware counties, that state, where he obtained an education in the country schools, came to Marshall county, in 1S49, and purchased his present farm, in Center township, upon which he has since resided. He was married in 1845, to Miss Lorendo Watson, of Delaware county, Ohio, a union blessed with the birth of three children, whose names are as follows: Martha, wife of Gotleib Weiser; James and Joel W. Mr. Nifong takes an active interest in the affairs of the township, is a warm friend of the public schools, and belongs to the Mt. Olivet congregation, Methodist Protestant church, in which he holds the positions of trustee and class leader. His political views are in accord with the democratic party, but he has never been an office seeker.

One of the well-known lumbermen of northern Indiana and a leading business man of Plymouth, is Mr. N. H. Oglesbee, who was born in Green county, Ohio, July 10, 1S26. He is a son of Jacob and Edith (Woolman) Oglesbee, natives repectively of Virginia and New Jersey. Mr. Oglesbee's ancestors, on both sides, were among the early pioneers of Ohio, and maternally, he is a descendant of John Woolman, the eminent Quaker of England, a conspicuous figure in the early history of the Friends' church. Jacob and Edith Oglesbee were married in Ohio, and resided in that state until 1S54, when they came to La Porte county, Ind., which was their home until their removal to Marshall county, four years later. The father followed farming during the greater part of his life, and died in Plymouth in 1S67. His widow survived him four years, dying in 1871. They reared a family of seven children, six of whom are now living, three sons and three daughters, one son being deceased. The immediate subject of this biography was reared on a farm until his twent3'-third year, received a good education in the common schools, and in 1849 abandoned agricultural pursuits and began working at the carpenter trade in La Porte county, Ind. After following carpentering and building until 1856, he removed to Plymouth and engaged in the mercantile business in partnership with Thomas Price, of La Porte, and the firm thus formed continued about eight months, when Mr. Oglesbee purchased his partner's interest and became sole proprietor. He sold goods with encouraging success for three or four years, and during that time suffered severe losses by fire, his store having been twice completely destroyed. He early took an active interest in political affairs, and in 1858 was the republican nominee for the office of county treasurer, to which he was elected over a large -democratic majority. He was re-elected in i860, and his official record was one of the best the county has ever known. In 1863 he was appointed captain commissary of subsistence, in which capacit}' he served during the rest of the war, establishing supply depots throughout the south. He was with Sherman in his celebrated march to the sea, and for merited conduct while in the field, was breveted major at the close of the war. On severing his connection with the army, he returned to Marshall -county and engaged in the lumber business at Plymouth, which he carried on until 1866, at which time he went to Chicago, where he was similarly engaged until 1871. Since that time he has dealt extensively in lumber in this county, and is now a member and director of the Indiana Lumber company, headquarters at Nashville, Tenn., and also operates a large mill at Simpson, 111., which does a very extensive business. He deals largely in lumber in Plymouth, buying and selling for the local and general trade, and is one of the substantial business men of the city. Mr. Oglesbee was married in 1S47 to Mary A. Walm, of Ohio, who died in 1853, leaving one child, since deceased. His second marriage was solemnized in 1857 with Lj^dia Doolittle, of Plymouth, whose death occurred in 1870. She was the mother three children living. Mr. Oglesbee belongs to the Masonic fraternity.

F. M. Orr, business manager of H. G. Thayer & Co., grain dealers, was born in York county, Penn., April loth, 1837. His parents, George W. and Hannah (Bennett) Orr moved to Rochester, Fulton county, Ind., in 1840, and settled about six miles south of that city and engaged in farming. George W. Orr was a forgeman in his early days but after coming to Indiana gave his entire attention to agricultural pursuits, dying in 1888. Mrs. Orr's death occurred in 1885. To Mr. and Mrs. Orr were born the following children: The subject of this sketch, Mrs. Lucretia Miller, Charles, Mrs. Emma Ault, J. N. and Adisetta. F. M. Orr was reared on the home farm in Fultoi'f'county, attended the township schools at intervals during his youth, and lived with his parents until 1865, in December of which year he tecame a resident of Plymouth. For a number of years he has been connected with H. G. Thayer & Co., and as already stated is now the general manager of their large warehouse at Plymouth. December 14, 1865, he married Julia A. Dunlap, daughter of James Dunlap, a native of Pennsylvania, but an early settler of Fulton county, Ind. Mr. Orr is one of the intelligent citizens of Plymouth and has the unbounded confidence of his employers. He is a member of no political organization, casting his vote for the man rather than party.

1852, where he lived with his parents about one mile north of Bourbon, in the first frame dwelling erected between Plymouth and Leesburg. He is the son of the Hon. James O. Parks, of whom a few words should be said as a prelude to this biography. James O. Parks was born in Bourbon county, Ky., March 20, 1813. In 1827 the family with whom he belonged emigrated to Rush county, Ind., and after residing there a few years, in 1835 again moved, and this time to Marshall county, and were the first white settlers in Bourbon township, naming the postoffice, the town and the township after the county they came from in Kentucky. Mr. James O. Parks during fift3'-five years in Marshall county has filled many important positions of trust, and enjoyed the full confidence of the citizens of the county. On the 3rd day of October, 1836, he married Miss Susan Dinwiddie, a lady full of loveliness and amiable qualities, and in labor and hardships of life proved a worthy helpmate. John W. Parks, the subject of this sketch, has been a resident of Marshall county from his birth, when a boy moving with his parents from the farm north of Bourbon into town, where he resided until moving to Plymouth in 1876. Mr. Parks obtained that education which he could procure in the public schools of Bourbon, until 1870, when he was appointed deputy postmaster at Bourbon, and serving in that capacity for about three years; during the term H. D. Weaver, postmaster, resigned, and Harman Baylor being appointed. During the deputyship under the last named postmaster, the whole management of the office was conducted by the deputy, Mr. Baylor pursuing other business. At this time the German Baptists of northern Indiana had established what was known as "Salem college," and Mr. Parks being possessed of a strong desire to know more, resigned his position in the postoffice and entered Salem college, which he attended for two years, subsequently entering the law department of the University of Michigan, where he, in March, 1875, graduated, receiving the degree of bachelor of law. Soon after the completion of his legal course he was admitted to practice law at the Marshall county bar, and was subsequently admitted to practice in the supreme court of the state. Soon after his commencing to practice law he was united in marriage with Miss Sallie H. Mozingo, of Tipton county, Ind., and later in 1876 moved to Plymouth, where he has since continued to make his home. Since Mr. Parks was admitted to the bar, he has actively engaged in the practice of his profession, building up a reputation as an advocate and counselor which places him in the front rank of the lawyers of Indiana. Mr. Parks is identified as a prominent republican, and one of the leaders of his party in this community. He is not an office-seeker, and has never been a candidate or held any political office. In 1884 his republican friends desired to give him the judicial nomination of his party, which he for personal reasons decHned to accept, but over his positive protest he was given a complimentary vote which was extremely flattering, it only being two short of a nomination. Mr. Parks is a devout member of the Plymouth Presbyterian church, with which he united in 1878. He served as a member of the building committee, and to his efforts the congregation owe much for the magnificent church building which the society now enjoys. Mr. Parks has for several years served as a popular superintendent of the Presbyterian Sunday-school, the school being the largest in the county.

William Pomeroy, a leading farmer of Center township, son of Grove O. and Margaret (.Smith) Pomeroj', was born in St. Joseph count}', Ind., July 26, 1S34. His parents, natives respectively of Massachusetts and New York, were married at Vincennes, Ind., in 1832, settled in St. Joseph county in 1S35 and the same year, came to Marshall county and located in Center township. Grove Pomeroy, the subject's grandfather, was the first permanent settler on the present site of Plymouth. The father of William, a farmer by occupation, and a leading citizen in the community in which he resided, died April 14, i86q. His widow still survives. They reared a family, four members of which are still living: Grove B.; the subject of this sketch; Smith, and Clarissa, wife of Miles Van Vactor. William Pomeroy was brought to Marshall county by his parents, when about two months old, and was reared in Center township, in the schools of which he received a fair English education. He assistsd his father in developing a farm, and subsequently engaged in farming for himself, owning at this time one of the best cultivated places in Center township. He was married in 1863 to Miss Sarah Ann Van Vactor, daughter David Van Vactor, who has borne him five children, viz.: Miles, Minnie Bell, Hattie May, Lulu Jane and Grace E. Mr. Pomeroy is a republican in politics and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

G. R.Reynolds, M. D., a well-known physician and surgeon of Plymouth, was born in La Porte county, Ind., March 11, 1841, and is the only son of John and Keturah (Mncent) Reynolds, who were both natives of New York, and whose deaths occurred in Indiana, in the 3'ears 1869 and 1859, respectively, the father dying in INIarshall county and the mother in La Porte county. Dr. Reynolds grew to manhood in La Porte county, and he received his literarj^ education in the common schools, a Methodist college at Valparaiso, and the high school at Plymouth. He began reading medicine in La Porte, Ind., and subsequently graduated from the medical department of the University of Michigan, receiving his diploma March 27, 1867. After completing his professional education he began the practice of the same in Plymouth, in which city and Marshall county, he has since done a very extensive and successful business. He possesses many of the elements of a successful practitioner, and in his professional experience has a reputation much more than local. He is a member of the county and state medical societies, and as a member of the city school board has been a potent factor in promoting the educational interests of Plymouth. He was the first health officer of the county, and for three years has been secretar}' of the county board of health. He was formerly employed as a surgeon by the different railroad companies running through Plymouth, and while in this capacity was called upon to perform many exceedingly difficult operations. Politically, the doctor is a democrat, and fraternally a prominent member of the Masonic order, belonging to Blue lodge, chapter, and commandery. He served as postmaster of Plymouth, from 1885 until 1S89, and discharged the duties of that position with satisfa'ction to all concerned. The doctor was married to Miss Martha Higday, daughter of W. S. Higday, of La Porte, Ind., and five children have been born to them, viz.: Bertha K., Maud N., Carl D., George F. and Estella.