Clark Township

Clark Township

The territory now organized into Clark Township originally formed a part of White River, and, from 1829, when Pleasant was organized, up to 1838, it formed a part of that township. In the last-named year, Clark Township, with boundaries as at present, was set off from Pleasant, and the name was bestowed by virtue of the Clark family, which settled, at an early day in its history, in the northern part of the township.

This township was the youngest of the sisterhood of townships in Johnson County, and was unfavorably located for early settlement. Sugar Creek touches upon the southeast corner, and Leatherwood and Flat Creek, having their sources near the north boundary line, flow southward and unite their waters in what was known as the Great Gulf, in the early years of the county's history, and from the south side of the gulf, the waters of Little Sugar flowed down to Big Sugar. In the west side, and well up toward the north boundary, Whetzel's Camp Creek, or, as it is now called, the Hurricane, takes its rise, and sends its waters creeping down to Young's Creek, at Franklin. All these, excepting Big Sugar and Little Sugar, for a few miles above its mouth, were sluggish streams. The traveler on the Jeffersonville Railroad will observe, a mile south of Greenwood, quite a cut through a ridge of land. This ridge extends eastward from that point, and into Clark Township a distance of nearly, or quite, eight miles from Greenwood, where it bends to the northeast and, running parallel to Sugar Creek, ends in Shelby County. All of Clark Township north of £he south line of this ridge is high ground, and here did the work of settlement take its firmest hold in the beginning. The banks of Sugar Creek, being drained by that stream, afforded comparatively dry sites for cabins, but nearly all the rest of the land of the township, excepting the high ground in the north, was exceedingly wet and swampy.

In 1820, as we have seen, Daniel Loper built a cabin at the crossing of the Great Indian Trail and Whetzel's Trace, in Pleasant Township. Shortly after, Nathaniel Bell entered the land at the crossing, and, some time in 1821, Loper moved back on the Whetzel Trace, to Whetzel's old camp on Camp Creek, where he made the first permanent home that was made in the township. How long he remained here is not known. John Varner, an old man who lived with him, died in his cabin within a short time after it was built, and Loper, with the assistance of Peter Doty and Nathaniel Bell, buried him in a walnut trough. Not long after, Loper disappeared, but no one knows where he went. A deserted " Loper's cabin," seen by Thomas Walker in Hendricks County some years after he left, gives rise to the surmise that he may have gone there. The circumstances attending the death and burial of John Varner, and Loper's disappearance shortly after, gave rise to a belief current among the first settlers that Loper was a murderer. After he left, his place was a great camping-ground for travelers, and the more superstitious sort sometimes told of seeing ghosts of the murdered dead. But. from all that can be learned, it would seem that Loper was a thriftless frontiersman, and, becoming disturbed by the encroaching settlements at White River, Blue River and Sugar Creek, moved away.

At a very early time, John Ogle moved into the southeast corner - some authorities say as early as 1821, but others put it a year later. In 1822, a settlement was made on the east side of Sugar Creek, in Shelby County, by Joseph Reese, John Webb and some others, and, attracted by this, a few men came quite early into Clark Township, on the west side of the creek. In 1822, William and John McConnell moved in, and I think that John Ogle did not come until the same year.

It is extremely difficult, at this time, to ascertain with any degree of certainty, the dates of arrival of the first and subsequent settlers ; but, next after Loper's cabin, and the Sugar Creek settlement, pioneers began moving upon the highlands in the north. The first one to go in was Hugh McFadden, and the second, Glen Clark. Both were here in 1825, and the probability is that both came that year. In 1826, there moved into the settlement thus begun. John L. McClain and Alexander Clark, from Kentucky, and three Hosiers, Robert, Jacob and Abraham. The next year, James and Moses McClain and Robert Ritchey came in from Kentucky, and Moses Raines, from Virginia. The year after, Jacob McClain. from Kentucky, and the year after that, Thomas Clark and Thomas Robinson, Kentuckians, and Edward Wilson and Samuel Billingsly, North Carolinians. In 1832, David Justice, Abraham Jones, Matthias Parr and James Kinnick, from North Carolina ; and, in 1833, Andrew Wolf, George Wolf, Tennesseeans, and all those mentioned above, save the few Sugar Creek settlers, and David Parr and John Fitzpa trick went into the neighborhood of Loper's old cabin. In 1834, there was quite an influx of immigrants : Allen Williams, John Tinkle, Robert Farnsworth,

David Farnsworth, Henry Farnswortr, Aaron Huffman and Daniel McLean, Tennesseeans, and Henry White, Ellis White, Joseph Hamilton, Henry Grayson and Taylor Ballard, Kentuckians, and Charles Dungan, a Virginian ; John Eastburn, a North Carolinian, and Oliver Harbert, born in Dearborn County, Ind., moved to the township in 1834.

Clark Township was now filling up quite fast. The following persons are believed to have moved in during the year 1835, to wit : Joseph Hamilton, Theodore Vandyke, John Wheatly, Lyman Spenoer, Parker Spencer, Caleb Davidson, Conrad Mc- Clain, Thomas Portlock and Samuel McClain ; and James Williams, David McGauhey, John Harbert and James White, followed the next year, while James Magill, David McAlpin and Jacob Halfaker came in 1837.

The Leatherwood Schoolhouse, erected on the land of Charles Dungan in 1838, was the first one built, and scholars came a distance of three miles through the woods to attend the first school taught therein by a Mr. Fifield, who was a Christian preacher, and, by courtesy, addressed as " Doctor." The first church was organized by the United Brethren, under the leadership of George Rubush and William Richardson. The first blacksmith-shop was opened by John Wheatly. The first tannery was started by Allan Taylor, and he and Henry Byrely opened the first store.

The swamp, known to the early settlers of the county as the Great Gulf, and through which Jacob Whetzel cut his road when he came to the countiy, but which road was found to be untraversable, was long regarded as irreclaimable. Water stood in it save in the driest times of the year, and it was covered by immense forests of timber and dense thickets. The greater part of the Gulf was entered by Jacob Barlow in 1834-35, but no attempt was made to drain, or otherwise improve it, until about 1853. In that year, John Barlow, his son, moved into the Gulf, and entered upon the work of clearing and draining, and has made of it one of the best farms of the county.

In the early settlement of the county, the Gulf was a famous game resort, and, as the country came to be cleared off, this was the last place the wild beasts left. Another celebrated game resort was the Ci Windfall," across the Marion County line, and, as late as 1840, hunters were in the habit of organizing a " drive " of deer from one to the other place, while the sharp-shooters stationed on the run-way between, brought down the game.

In 1854, a deer was shot and killed between Barlow's house and barn, and, in the same year, a catamount, in broad daylight, chased his hogs, and, in their fright, they ran into the dwellinghouse for protection. The same summer, forty-seven wild turkeys came feeding close around the house, and, in 1856, a wild turkey made a nest within fifty yards of the house, and brought out a flock of young ones. As late as 1860, a man became lost in the woods on the lower end of the Gulf, and was compelled to lie out overnight.

In 1865, Thomas Campbell and John Dean, Irishmen, moved in and bought wet lands, and at once began the work of drainage on a more extensive scale than theretofore practiced. Since then, about thirtv Irish families have moved in, and the work of ditching has been rapidly carried on by both native and foreign born, and such changes made as warrants the belief that Clark Township in a few years will rank as one of the wealthiest townships in the county.

Source changes here: from History of Johnson County, Indiana : from the Earliest Time to the Present, with Biographical Sketches, Notes, Etc. Together with a Short History of the Northwest, the Indiana Territory, and the State of Indiana, by Banta, D. D. (David Demaree), published 1888; 11,155 words in this source stream.

Clark Township

rush-like plant with a jointed stem, which, when growing, must have been a gigantic Eqaisetum, allied to the genus Cala mites of the carboniferous age. It had jointed stems, the joints being from two to four inches apart. In process of preservation these joints seem to have been separated, and, in the interstices, was found a layer of coal that was as hard and irridescent as anthracite. This black shale is full of carbonaceous matter.

The rocks of this period, in other localities, are rich in oil, but these shales contain only about ten per cent, of combustible matter. For this reason, they burn with a bright flame for a few minutes, when placed in a hot fire, but, aside from this they have no other resemblance to coal; nor have they any relation to the coal-bearing rocks, being far below them geologically. These beds probably underlie the most of the surface of the eastern part of the county. It has been subject to great erosion, and, as it readily decomposes on exposure to air and water, it is not unlikely that the broad belt of black loamy land in Clark and Needham townships derive their color and fertility from the decomposition of the black shale. Its clayey, carbonaceous matter, mingling with alluvial deposits of organic material, produces a fertile soil.

John Ballard, a farmer of Clark Township, was born in Kentucky, May 18, 1832, and is a son of Taylor and Nancy (Fitzpatrick) Ballard. The former was of English descent, and was born in 1801, and was assassinated January 15, 1885; the latter of Irish descent, was born in 1806, and died March 6, 1883. Our subject's early life was spent on a farm in Clark Township. He received a good common school education. At twenty-one years of age he began the struggle of life for himself as a farmer, and on January 27, 1859, ne was united in matrimony to Charlotte Drake, a daughter of Gideon and Susan Drake, the former of whom was born in 1801, and the latter in 1805. To this union the following children were born: Theodore, deceased; Taylor O., born October 8, 1862; Laura May, born December, 1868; Arthur, born March 6, 1876. The mother of these children was born December 8, 1837. He and wife are members of the Protestant Methodist Church, and in politics he is a republican. He now owns 143 acres of fine land in Clark Township. His father lived alone, and it was generally known that he had a great deal of money, and on going to the barn to feed his stock, he was waylaid and shot twice.

was born January 8, 1835. He is a son of Abraham and Emma (Ramsdall) Banta, the father was a son of Peter A. and Margaret (Voris) Banta, and was born about 1807, and died about 1872; the latter was born in 1813, and died in 1857. Our subject was reared on the farm which was entered by his father, about 1830. He received a common school education. At the age of twenty-one years, he began life for himself, his vocation being that of a farmer. In 1 861, when our Union was threatened with dissolution, and in answer to his country's call for 300,000 troops, he shouldered his musket and marched to the front. He enlisted on the 14th day of July, 1861, at Indianapolis, under Capt. Wood's Company F, Eighteenth Indiana Infantry, and served until the 12th day of May, 1864, when he received an honorable discharge at Baton Rouge. March 4, 1868, he was united in marriage to Mary A. Brooks, daughter of Henry and Lydia (Barnes) Brooks. This union was blessed with the following children: Carl E., born December 14, 1870; Minnie M., born January 26, 1873, deceased. The mother of these children was born May 30, 1849, departed this life, August 26, 1873. He was married October 19, 1875, to Mary M. Mangun, a daughter of Benedict W. and Jane (Wiley) Mangun; the former was born April 29, 1818, the latter was born June 11,1820, died January 16, 1873. To this union the following children were born: Arthur M., born December 31, 1877; Emma J., deceased, born January 2, 1880; William A., born April 16, 1882; Mary C, deceased, born August 30, 1S84; Edith, born October 30, 1S85. The mother of these children was born October 25, 1841. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Banta is a member of the James Wagner G. A. R. Post, at Greenwood, Ind. He is a republican, and served as trustee of his township, two years, and it is a democratic township. He now owns 160 acres of well improved land in Clark Township.

John Barlow, who is a practical and progressive farmer of Clark Township, was born March 1, 1826, a son of Jacob and Rebecca (Piles) Barlow; the former was of Dutch descent, and was born in Virginia, February 26, 1785, and died June 9, 1863; the latter was of Irish descent, and was born May 13, 1793. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He received a common school education in the old log school-house. This education was received under disadvantages, school terms being short and poorly taught, and he only attended school in winter, and then when the weather would not permit of his working on the farm. He never served an apprenticeship at any trade, but is very handy with tools of all kinds, and can make almost anything that is used on the farm. At the age of twenty-one years, he began life for himself as a farmer. August 21, 1853, he was united in marriage to Hannah Smith, a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Heck) Smith. The father was of English descent; was born in 1797; the mother was of German descent, and was born in i8ooi This union was blessed with the following children: William H\, born July 3, 1854; Orea, born April 3, i86i;May, born May 1, i\868; Herman, born September 15, 1870. Orea departed this life\, September 5, 1863. The mother of these children was born December 3, 1832. Mr. and Mrs. Barlow settled in Clark Township, on what was then known as the "Gulf," in 1853, a piece of land which was very heavily timbered, with very thick underbrush, and when they had only been there six weeks an exciting incident happened. Mrs. Barlow, while Mr. Barlow was away from home, on hearing the hogs making a terrible noise, went to the door to ascertain the cause, when she saw all the hogs running for dear life toward the house, and never halted until they were inside. She then discovered that they had been chased into the house by a- catamount; it is useless to say that Mrs. Barlow was badly frightened. Mrs. Barlow, her daughter and oldest son, are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Barlow was a granger during the life of that order. In politics he is a republican. He now owns 480 acres of land in Clark Township. It is one of the finest and most convenient stockfarms in the county, well watered, ditched and drained. In connection with farming he makes a specialty of short-horn cattle and berkshire hogs. He has commenced the erection of a fine stockbarn which, when completed, will be an ornament as well as a useful addition to his already beautiful farm. Mr. Barlow's father was quite a genius; although he had never served an apprenticeship at any trade, could make anything he undertook. Mr. Barlow has in his keeping an old iron square, made by his father about fifty years ago. Mr. and Mrs. Barlow are highly esteemed by all their neighbors. In regard to schools and churches, and all laudable improvements, he has been friendly, and has throughout life been characterized as an industrious and enterprising, as well as a progressive, citizen and successful farmer.

Jesse M. Beard, farmer, was born December 1, 1844, and is a son of William and Mary J. (Tucker) Beard; the former was of Irish, and the latter was of English descent. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He received a common school education in the country schools, and then attended college at Franklin, one term of three months. On the 8th day of March, 1863, he was united in marriage to Miss Frances A. Webb, daughter of Zachariah and Nancy A. (Huff) Webb, the former of English descent. The latter was born in Ohio, April 22, 1813. This union was blessed with the following children : Birdellah A., born January 1 6, 1864; Laura B., born February 21, 1866; Emma E., born October 27, 1869, and Carrie O., born April 3, 1871. The mother of these children was born February 19, 1846. Mr. and Mrs. Beard are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Beard is a republican, casting his first presidential vote for Lincoln. He owns 212 acres of good land, 140 acres of which are in a good state of cultivation.

John J. Beard was born in Johnson County, Ind., December 15, 1858. He is a son of John W. and Jane (Sutor) Beard. The father was born January 16, 181 3, and while he was yet an infant, his parents emigrated westward from North Carolina, and located in what is now Clark Township, Johnson County, before the State of Indiana was admitted to the Union. Our subject was reared in Johnson County, and his youth was spent on the farm, and farming has been his life pursuit. He received a common school education, and on June 14, 1885, he was married to Nancy A. Boucher, daughter of William and Mary (Coffen) Boucher. This union was blessed by two children (twins), viz.: Ora and Oda, born April 13, 1886. The mother of these children was born September 23, 1867. She is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. Mr. Beard is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics, he is a republican, casting his first presidential vote for Garfield. He owns 460 acres of good land, well improved.

Samuel- Billingsly, a prominent young farmer of Clark Township, was born October 14, 1861, son of Samuel and Mariah L. (Harbert) Billingsly; the former was born in North Carolina, November 16, 1809, of Irish descent, and died August 19, 1876, and the latter was a native of this state, born October 5, 1817, and was of English descent. Although she is seventy-one years old, she does the house-work and cooking for her son and hired help. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm on which he now lives. He received a good common school education, and when he was fourteen years of age his father died, which caused him to give up the idea of further schooling, and he then had to take charge of the farm and the care of his widowed mother. He is a member of the Christian Church. In politics, he is an ardent democrat, and a recognized leader among the young men. He was elected trustee of his township, at the April election of 1888, by eleven votes, his predecessor having been elected by only four votes. He and his mother own 120 acres of well-improved land.

William H. Dungan, a native of Washington County, Va., was born November 25, 1824. He is the son of Charles G. and Nancy (Johnson) Dungan. The former was born December II,

1798, and died March 22, 1877. The latter was born in Washington County, Va., April 24, 1804. Charles G. settled in Johnson County, in October, 1834, and the same year commenced clearing the farm on which he lived until his death. The wife of Charles G. is still living on the old farm with her son, William H., the only one living of a familv of seven children. In 1828, she became a member of the Christian Church, in which she has since continued to be an active and zealous worker, laboring with earnest purpose, to bring souls to Christ, which has been the greatest ambition of her life. She has lived a long and active life, and is now passing the decline of years in happiness and comfort. Our subject came with his parents to Johnson County at the age of ten years. He received a thorough common school education, and commenced life for himself at the age of sixteen years. He was an apprentice at the wagon-maker's trade, which he followed a number of years. In 1862, he volunteered as a private in Company F, Fifth Indiana Cavalry, under Capt. Felix W. Graham, and in six days after he was mustered into the service, was appointed first lieutenant and quartermaster of the regiment; one month later, was offered the commission of first major of his company, refusing, because he felt his inability to fill so important a position. In 1863, he resigned his quartermaster position upon, the surgeon's certificate of disability, and was discharged in August, 1863, at Glasgow, Ky. He then opened a claim office at Louisville, Ky., remained in this business four years, when his health failed, and he returned to the old farm in Johnson County. He then built a planing mill in Clarksburg, remaining in this business one year, when, in 1873, he removed to Indianapolis for the purpose of schooling his children, where he remained two and one-half years, and again returned to the old farm, where he now lives. He was married November 20, 1845, to Sarah Robison. She was born October 3, 182 1, in Monroe County, Ind. To this union the following children were born, viz. : Charles T., November 27, 1846; George H., September 1, 1848; Jane, Septembers, 1850; Nancy A., November 11, 1852; James A., December 3, 1854; Elizabeth A., November 6, 1857; Joseph J., August 18, 1861; Eliza F., October 11, 1864. Mr. Dungan and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Dungan was an elder and a deacon in his church a number of years. Has served his township as trustee one year. He possesses a great deal of genius, evidence of which is found in the fact that he has invented and received patents on a number of devices, several of which are now in general use; among these may be mentioned, a buggy-jack, apple-trimmer, a harrow, and a wire fence, which he now manufactures.

Francis Dunlavy, an old and highly esteemed pioneer of Clark Township, was born January 6, 1803, in Montgomery County, Ky., a son of Daniel and Martha (Yocom) Dunlavy; the former was born January 16, 1765, and died in 1846, the latter was born January 27, 1783, died in 1838. Our subject's early life was spent on a farm in Kentucky. He removed from Kentucky in 1825 and settled in Lawrence County, Ind., where he remained twenty-six years, thence to Iowa, where he stayed 'three years, and in 1854, came to Johnson County, Ind., and settled on the farm on which he now lives. He received a common school education in the pioneer log school-house. He served an apprenticeship at the stone-mason's trade, which he continued to work at occasionally for about thirty years. At the age of twentyone he began the struggle of life for himself, working at his trade. July 25, 1824, he was united in marriage to Mahala Stewart, a daughter of John and Mary (Jenning) Stewart. To this union the following children were born: James H. (deceased), born May 25, 1825; Mary J. (deceased), born February 13, 1827; Martha A., born February 11, 1829; John W., born July - , 1831; Francis M. (deceased), born December 29, 1833. The mother of these children was born February 15, 1801; died August 22, 1835. He was united in a second marriage with Eleanor Miller, a daughter of Daniel W. and Rhoda (Arthur) Miller. This union was blessed with the following children: Daniel W., born April 11, 1840; William, born February 20, 1845; Elvesta, born March - , 1847, and Julia A., born May - , 185 1. The mother of these children was born in 1813, and died March 26, 1873. His third marriage was to Mrs. Eliza Mavity, who was born in 18 16; died November 24, 1883. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church over sixty years.

Adam Dunlap, a prosperous and industrious farmer, was born September 18, 1833. He is a son of James and Anne (McCormick) Dunlap; the former was a son of Adam and Sarah (Kirk) Dunlap. William Dunlap, the great grandfather, came from Ireland,- at the age of four years, and settled in West Virginia, near West Liberty, about the middle of the eighteenth century. His wife, Martha (Gamble) Dunlap, was of Irish descent. The great grandfather, Adam Dunlap, was born in West Virginia, 1772, and was married to Sarah Kirk. He died in Ohio, in 1840. The wife died in 1822. James Dunlap, the father of our subject, was born February 3, 1802, in Jefferson County, Ohio, removed to Indiana, in 1837, and died near Hopewell Church, in Johnson County, in 1884. The mother of our subject was born in Luuisville, Ky., January 23, 1815, of Irish descent; died near Franklin, February 26, 1853.

Clark Towxship

Our subject's boyhood and youth were spent on a farm in Morgan County, Ohio. He received a common school education and came to Indiana at the age of eighteen years, and began life for himself at the age of twenty-two, his vocation being that of a farmer, and in connection with farming he has been buying and shipping poultry for about twenty years. September 12, 1855, he was united in marriage to Marrietta Freeman, daughter of Charles and Marv A. (Langston) Freeman. The father was a son of John and Hannah Freeman, who were both natives of New Jersey. They were married in 1798, and removed to Hamilton County, Ohio, in 181 7. In 1848, they removed to Union County, Ind. He departed this life in 185 1, aged seventy five years, in Union County. She departed this life May 28, 1873. This union was blessed with the following children: Mary A., born June 18, 1856: Anna M., born August 1, 1858, and James R., born November 22, 1877. The mother of these children was born April 15, 1838. They are both members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, he is a republican. He now owns eighty acres of fine land which is in a high state of cultivation. He and wife are highly esteemed by their neighbors.

Oliver H. Draper, a prosperous and successful farmer of Clark Township, was born March 15, 1828, in Decatur County, Ind., a son of Thomas and Catharine (Harbert) Draper; the father was of English descent, was a native of Virginia, was born May 4, 1788, and died in 1872. The latter was of English descent, was a native of Pennsylvania, and was born about 1790. Our subject's early life was spent in Decatur County, Ind., on a farm, and on Januarv 15, 1848, he came to Johnson County, and bought the farm on which he now lives. He received a common school education at the district school, and through the advantages of books and newspapers, he has acquired a good, practical knowledge on general subjects. At the age of twenty-one, he began life for himself, his vocation being that of a farmer. March 23, 1848, he was united in marriage to Phebe Harbert, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Cora) Harbert; the former was of Dutch descent, was born in Pennsylvania, in 1798, died in 1878; the latter was of English descent, born in 1800, died in 1834. To this union the following children were born: Sarah J. (deceased), born February 18, 1849; Mary E., born March 19, 1851; Winfield S., born March 19, 1853; Thomas J., born March 24, 1855; Elizabeth (deceased), born February 5, 1857; Catharine, born November 26, 1858; John H., born June 29, 1861; Nancy A., born May 7, 1863; Joseph M., born August 21, 1865; Effa O. and Elzora, twins, born October 20, 1869; Oscar G., born May 14, 1872. The mother of these children was born Septem-

"ber 26, 1830. She is a member of the Christian Church. He was a Granger during the life of that lodge. In politics, he is a republican. He now owns 472 acres of well improved lands, seventy-two of which are in White River Township.

Adam S. Dougherty, a prominent farmer of Clark Township, was born in Pennsylvania, September 9, 1822, the son of William JE. and Sarah (Smith) Dougherty. The former was born in Maryland, of Scotch-Irish descent, and was a soldier in the struggle for independence. The latter was born in Pennsylvania. Our subject's early life was spent in Pennsylvania, his occupation being a miller. He received a common school education. At the age of twenty-four years, he began life for himself by working at his trade. About six years later, on account of failing health, he gave up milling, and commenced clearing the farm, on which he now lives. July 27, 185 1, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Barlow, who was a daughter of Jacob and Rebecca (Piles) Barlow, and to this union the following children were born, viz.: Jacob B., born July 10, 1852; William E., born November 12, 1853; Rebecca J. (deceased), born August 15, 1855; James M., born June *5> 1B57 ; Sarah E., born May 18, 1859; Mary E. (deceased), born January 28, 1861; Alvira A., born December 2, 1862; John W. (deceased) and Hannah E., twins, born September 12, 1865; Albert U., born April 30, 1868; Margaret A., born October 31, 1870. The mother of these children was born May 2, 1828, and died April 25, 1875. She was a devoted member of the Methodist Protestant Church. He was united a second time in marriage to Mrs. Mary J. Crouch, a daughter of Thomas and Jane (Mitchell) Portteus, both born in Ireland. Mary J. Dougherty was born August 31, 1828. He and his wife are both members of the Methodist Protestant Church. He is a member of the Knights of Labor. In politics, he belongs to the Union Labor Party. He now owns 114 acres of well-improved land.

Daniel Dake, a native of Shenandoah County, Va., born March 21, 1818, and is a son of John and Catharine (Bowman) Dake. The former was born in Virginia, about 1796. His father came from Virginia, was of German descent, and died about 1868. The latter was born in Virginia about 1801, and died about 1856. Our subject emigrated from Virginia with his parents, and settled in Ohio, remained there two years and removed to Shelby County, on what is known as Sugar Creek, but removed to Johnson County in 18^5, and settled on the farm on which he now lives. He received a common school education. At the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself as a farmer, which he has continued all through life. He married Eliza J. Moore, October 29, 1854. She was

Tx>rn in Highland County, Ohio, May 8, 1834, and died January 24, 1883. To this union the following children were born, viz.: Catharine, born August 25, 1855; Eve Margaret, born August 8, 1S57; Abijah W., born May 8, i860; John, born September 1, 1862; Ladora, born January 3, 1865; Henry E., born November 25, 1867; James W., born December 25, 1870. Of these only three are living, viz. : John, Ladora, and James. His wife's parents were both born in Ohio, and her father was of German descent, and her mother was of Irish descent. In politics, Mr. Dake is a democrat. He now owns 177 acres of well-improved lands.

Toliver Fisher, an old and respected farmer of Clark Township, was born in this state October 11, 1818, a son of James and Marly (Mahoney) Fisher, both natives of Kentucky. After the death of both father and mother, our subject was taken to Kentucky, when about four years of- age, where he lived with an uncle until about twenty-two years of age,_ when he emigrated from Kentucky, and walked to Marion- County, where he remained two years, thence to Clark Township, where he has since resided. Being an orphan, he was compelled to work both winter and summer, and never had the advantage of any schooling at all. He began life for himself at the age of twenty-two, and his occupation has always been that of a farmer. On March 31, 1841, he /as united in marriage to Mary M. Miller, a daughter of John and Catharine (Messinger) Miller, and to this union the following children were born, viz. : James M., deceased, born January 8, 1843; William, deceased, born November 8, 1849; Jonn5 born June 2, 185 1 ; Zachariah, born February 8, 1853; Garrett, deceased, born January 1, 1863; Cynthia A., deceased, born June 10, 1868; Toliver, born September 10, 1867; Thomas J., born June 10, 1868; Harvey, born January 21, 1869; Albert, born January 26, 187.1; Dayton C. and George W., twins, George W., being deceased, born January 13, 1872; Jacob, born August 31, 1873; Stephen, born January 26, 1883, and one unnamed. The mother of these children was born January 1, 1824. She is a member of the Free- Will Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Fisher is a democrat, casting his first presidential vote for Harrison. He* now owns 120 acres of land.

Robert S. Fitzpatrick, a farmer of Clark Township, was born August 26, 1838. He is a son of Hezekiah and Ruth (Webb) Fitzpatrick; the former's father was born in Ireland, and came to this country and settled in Kentucky, and thence to Shelbyville, where the former was born. The latter was born in Oldham County, Ky. Our subject's father came to Indiana at an early date, and settled in Clark Township. Our subject's early life was 3i spent in Clark Township, on the old homestead. He received a common school education in the old pioneer log school-house. At the age of twenty-one years, he began life for himself, as a farmer, which vocation he has followed through life, and in connection, he has been in the poultry business for about eighteen years. August, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Third Indiana Cavalry, under Capt. Graham. He was with his company in several severe engagements; among them may be named, Stone River, Pittsburg Landing, Missionary Ridge, and Atlanta, Ga. In January, 1870, he wras united in marriage to Malinda Jane Beard, daughter of William and Mary J. (Tucker) Beard. This union was blessed with one child, Alma, who only lived one year. The mother of this child was born September 29, 1851, and died September 19, 1873. He was united in a second marriage to Millie Williams, a daughter of James and Charity (Smith) Williams, March 11, 1875. To this union one child was born, Victor H., September 2, 1876. The mother of this child was born April 15, 1852, and departed this life October 26, 1877. He was again married, to Nancy U. Harriatt, February 4, 1879, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Overstreet) Harriatt. This union was blessed with one child, Norah, born October 12, 1880. The mother of this child was born October 3, 1849, an<^ departed this life October 30, 1880. He was again married January 16, 1883, to Cornelia W. Overstreet, a daughter of William H. and Laura (Wick) Overstreet. She was born September 27, 1849. She was formerly a Presbyterian, but after her marriage she became a member of the Methodist Church, with her husband. In politics, he is a republican, casting his first presidental vote for Lincoln. He now owns 160 acres of land, which is under a high state of cultivation.

Thomas O. Francis, a prosperous farmer of Clark Township, was born in Sugar Creek Township, Shelby County, March 8, 1848, son of Milton and Sarah (Henderson) Francis. To our subject's father and mother these children were born: Mary E., born January 19, 1846; Thomas O., born March 8, 1848; Emma C, born September 9, 1853; Jennie, born January 15, i860. Our subject's early life was spent on a farm, working on it in summer, and attending the district school in winter. He received a good common-school education, and he began life for himself at the age of twenty-one as a farmer. His father being an extensive stocktrader, he was away from home a great deal of his time, which placed the responsibility of looking after the farm upon our subject while he was yet quite young. In 1870, Mr. Francis went to Kansas on a prospecting tour, where he remained six months, he then returned to Shelby County, where he remained with his father one year, and thence to Clark Township, Johnson County, where he "batched" one vear, and raised one crop, then returned to Shelby County and remained about six months, when he again returned to Clark Township, Johnson Countv, and settled on the farm on which he now lives. On the 19th day of November, 1873, he was united in marriage to Mary L. Craig, a daughter of Henry T. and Mary (Ransdell ) Craig. To this union the following children were born, viz.: Alice A., October 25, 1874; Mary A., September 17, 1876; Charles E., January 10, 1878; Stella, January 22, 1881 ; William O., July 10, 1883, and Thomas E., July 15, 1886. The mother of these children was born November 28, 1857. He and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. He is also a member of the Masonic order. During the late war he belonged to a company of Home Guards under Capt. B. F. Reeves. In politics, he is an ardent republican, casting his first presidential vote for Grant. He now owns eighty-nine acres of well improved land.

Granville "R. Griffith, a farmer of Clark Township, was born June 29, 1843, a son of James and Isa Ann (Dobbins) Griffith; the former was a native of Kentucky, he emigrated from Keutucky and settled in Jennings County, Ind., and then came to Johnson County, about 1851. The mother was born in South Carolina. Our subject was reared on a farm in Johnson County. He received a common-school education,, and at the age of nineteen years he began life for himself. In August, 1862, he volunteered in the War of the Rebellion, in Company I, Seventieth Indiana Infantry, at Indianapolis. He participated in all the battles that his regiment was engaged in, among which were : Russleville, Ky., Resacca, Dalton: and many others, including Sherman's March to the Sea. He was discharged in June, 1865, at Indianapolis. He was united in marriage January 16, 1867, to Mary E. Fitzpatrick, daughter of James and Margaret Fitzpatrick. To this union the following children were born: James L., January 19, 1869; Anna B. (deceased), November, 1871; Maggie May, August 9, 1873. The mother of the children was born in 1S50. She was a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and departed this life in October, 1873. He was married to Susan A. Clark, January 4, 1877. She was a daughter of Samuel A. and Marv (Darrel) Clark. This union was blessed with one child: Mary V., bom May 19, 1886. The mother of this child was born April 22, 1849, and is a member of the Christian Church. Her husband is a member of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, he is a republican, casting his first presidential vote for Johnson. He now owns 100 acres of good land in Clark Township, about eighty of which are under cultivation.

was born in Scott County, Ky., November 3, 1805, and is the son Thomas and Hannah (Rictcheson) Griffith, the former of whom was born in the state of Delaware. When he waS thirteen years old, or in 1818, his parents came to this state and located in Jennings County, where he spent the rest of his youth on a farm. He was married in that county, December 27, 1838, to Eliza Ann Campbell. She was born in Jennings County, this state, April 13, 1818, and is the daughter of David and Anna (Clinton) Campbell. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith began their married life on a farm in Jennings County. In March, 1863, they came to this county, and first located in Pleasant Township. In the following September, they removed to Clark Township and located where Mr. Griffith now resides. His life occupation has been farming. He owns a farm which contains about 120 acres, about 100 of which are in cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith have had six children : Eliza J., born October 18, 1839; Presley R., September 10, 1842; Elzora, August 4, 1848; Calvin L., October 27, 1850; William II., August 19, 1856; and a twin sister to William H., that died unnamed. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith are members of the Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Griffith is a republican.

James T. Grubbs, Sr., an industrious and enterprising farmer of Clark Township, is a native of Kentuckv, a son of James T. and Eliza P. (Prentiss) Grubbs. The father was born in Louisa County, Va., 1796, the mother was born in Lexington, Ky. Our subject's father was a physician, and practiced his profession in Burlington, Ky., about forty years. He departed this life May 21, 1884. The wife died in 1880. To our subject's father and mother the following children were born: William B., in 1831; Anna G., in 1834, and James T., in* 1837. Of these, the two brothers are now living. The sister was married in 1873, to Samuel Bergen. Our subject came to Indiana and settled in Johnson County, April 11, 1855, and began farming. He began life for himself at the age of twenty-one years, when he entered into merchandising in Burlington, Ky., where he remained two years. On June 7, i860, he was united in marriage with Mildred A. Grubbs, a native of Christian County, Ky. To this union the following children were born: James T., Jr., August 29, 1861 ; John T., May 5, 1864, and Anna M., March 21, 1870. The mother of these children, and the oldest son and daughter, are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Grubbs is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He emigrated from Kentucky in 1865, and settled in Johnson County, where he began farming, and by close economy and good management, he has added to his farm until he now has 350 acres of fine farming land, 200 acres of which are under a high state of cultivation. He is a straight-out democrat. In 1882, he, with his sons, began the manufacture of shingles, and since that time have added a lumber saw to their mill, and for the last two years have been doing an extensive business in shipping pine shingles. They have under construction at this time a planing and box factory, with all kinds of building material, under the firm name of J. T. Grubbs & Sons.

Ebenezer Harbert, a prominent farmer of Clark Township, was born Julv 1, 1837, and is the son of Oliver and Mary A. (Wheeler) Harbert. The father was born September 21, 1806, in Pennsylvania. He emigrated with his parents from Pennsylvania, and settled in Dearborn County, Ind., about 1810. He came to Johnson Countv about 1835, and'for many years he would take his reap hook in harvest time and go to Dearborn County and harvest for 50 cents per day. He died September 20, 1886. The latter was born in Kentuckv, September 16, 1818, and died January 20, 1887. Our subject's" early life was spent on the old homestead farm, a part of which he now owns. He received a good common ichool education, in the old pioneer school-house. At the age of wenty-one years he began life for himself, his vocation being that of a farmer. In August, 1862, he volunteered in the War of the Rebellion, Company I, Seventieth Regiment Indiana Volunteers, under Capt. William Fisher. He has the honor of serving under Gen. Benjamin Harrison. He was detailed into the Pioneer Corps of the Army of the Cumberland. He participated in several of the hard-fought battles; among them may be named the battle of Stone River, and was in the brigade that supported the famous Chicago Board of Trade Battery, commanded by Capt. Stokes. He served three years, and received an honorable discharge, at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865. On May 2, 1866, he was united in marriage with Mildred A. Johnson, a daughter ot Henry and Ellen (Harmon) Johnson. The former was born in Kentuckv, April 30, 1820, the latter was born May 20, 1826. This union was blessed with the following children, viz. : Curtis M., born February 24, 1867; Clay A., December 27, 1868; Minnie L. O., January 11, 1871; Ebenezer D, June 7, 1874; William A., September 14, 1876; Samuel B., November 26, 1878; Laura E., February 8, 1881. The mother of these children was born May 24 1848. Mr. Harbert is a fluent writer, and has contributed numerous poems to the Franklin Republican; and has in addition to this, written manv songs of merit. He and wife are members of the Christian Church. He is a member of the James W agner Post No. 177, at Greenwood, Ind. In politics, he is a republican,

George Huston, born in Montgomery Count v, Ohio, the 22nd day of October, 1817, son of Samuel and Nancy (Key) Huston. The former was born in 1774, the latter in 178S. To this union there were eleven children born, our subject being the eighth. His parents came to this state from Ohio in 1828. The former died in 1857, and the latter in 1861. At the age of twenty-one, Mr. Huston began the battle of life for himself as a farmer. He entered 160 acres of land in Jasper Count)-, 111., but never went to it. He then purchased forty acres in Clark Township, on which he now resides. He married Miss Mary A. Clark, February 27, 1840. To this union the following children were born: Francis M., September 1, 1841; Almira, April 9, 1842; Nancy, March 13, 1845; Mary, May 9, 1847; James, March 22, 1856: Ellen, February 2, 1858; George W., date unknown. Mrs. Huston died August 14, 1872. He was married to Mrs. Ruhama Grittan, in February, 1874. This union was blessed with the following children: Charles E., born May 11, 1875; Gracy B., January 1, 1878; Maude, March 11, 1880; Harry, April 4," 1883. His second wife was born May 3, 1 841. In politics, Mr. Huston is a democrat, and he and wife are members of the Christian Church.

Jabus Kinnick, one of the pioneers of Clark Township, is a native of North Carolina, and was born April 15, 1812, a son of George and Hannah (Grimes) Kinnick. The former was born in 1784, and died in 1865; the latter was born in 1787, and died in i860. Both were natives of North Carolina. Our subject immigrated from North Carolina in 1833. He only had the advantage of forty-five days' schooling in his life, but being of a studious turn of mind, and by close reading, he has acquired a good knowledge of general topics. He began the battle of life for himself at the age of twenty-one years, as a farmer, which vocation he has continued through life. December 14, 1834, ne was united in marriage with Elizabeth Todd, and this union was blessed with the following children: Hannah J., born October 11, 1835 ; John R., April 6, 1837; William H., February 19, 1840; George W., February 15, 1842; James T., January 15, 1844; Sarah A., May 24, 1846; Samuel E., May 29, 1848; Joanna, Feburary 16, 1851; Susan E., November 4, 1852; Armelia, August 12, 1854; Amanda, March 22, 1856; Mary I., September 5, 1858; Harriet, July 10, i860. Of the above children, only seven are now living. In politics, Mr. Kinnick was formerly a democrat, but during the war became a republican, and has identified himself with that party ever since.

He has been a member of the Christian .Church fifty-three years. His wife was formerly a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, but has been a member of the Christian Church twenty-five years. He has been a deacon in his church about thirty years. Three of his children, James T., Susan E. and Joanna, were successful teachers in the country schools. In regard to schools, churches and all laudable improvements, he has been friendly, and throughout life has been an industrious and enterprising citizen.

Lawrence Lowe, a farmer, was born December i, 1823, and is a son of Elijah and Kate (Voris) Lowe. The father was born about 1798, and died about 1828. The mother was about the same age of the father. Our subject came to this state with his parents, from Kentucky, at the age of five years, and settled on Young's Creek, Pleasant Township, Johnson County, where they remained about thirteen years, going thence to Keutucky, where they resided about tour months, thence to Ohio, remaining there about six months, and returned to Johnson County, and settled in Franklin Township, remained about three years, thence to Clark Township, and settled on the farm on which he ncfw lives. He received a very limited education, but through the advantage of home reading, has become acquainted with subjects of general interest. He served an apprenticeship at the blacksmith's trade, at which he continued to work until his failing eye-sight compelled him to abandon his trade. He began life for himself at the age of eighteen years, as a farmer, which he has followed through life. He was a soldier in the Mexican War, and enlisted in Company C, Third Regiment, under Capt. David Allen, and on the 15th day of June, 1846, his company was taken to New Albany by railroad, went into camp, remained three weeks, thence to New Orleans, remained a short time, thence to Brazes Island, remained in camp several weeks, thence to Rhinoso for a short time, thence to Buena Vista, where he engaged in active service. He was in the battle of Buena Vista and several smaller battles. He remained in this war one year, and returned home. In 1859, he went as a teamster with a government train to Utah, after which he went en a prospecting tour through several states and territories, traveling about eight months. In 1861, he entered the service of the Union Army, in Company F, Seventh Indiana Regiment, under Capt. Samuel Lambert, and served nine months, and discharged his duties in a manner becoming a loyal soldier, when he was discharged for disabilities. In 1862, he' re-enlisted, and remained in active service for about two years, when he was sent to the hospital at Indianapolis. He was a member of the invalid corps, and afterward was nurse in the hospital at Indianapolis about six months. He then returned to the invalid corps, Company F, under Capt. Craig. He was discharged at Indianapolis, in 1864. August 19, 1847, he was united in marriage with Lavina Townsan, daughter of Major and Phebe (Biggs) Townsan, the former born in 1796, the latter in 1805. This union was blessed with the following children : James H., born May 27, 1848; Phebe J., born January 19, 1850; Loyd, deceased, September 18, 1852; Mary A., born March 28, 1855*; Martha H., born September 2, 1857; Eliott P., born October 15, 1859. The mother of these children was born April 26, 1829, and died April 19, 1865. In 1865, he was united in marriage to Mrs. Sarah Mclntire, a daughter of John Kerlin. To' this union the following children were born: Cornnda, deceased, December 13, 1866; Edward and Elmore, twins, born March 31, 1868; David A., deceased, March 30, 1870. The mother of these children departed this life June 15, 1870. In 1871, he was united in marriage with Mrs. Sarah Towson. To this union one child was born, Norah O. Since 1885 they have lived apart. In 1885, he was united in marriage with Elvira Smith, a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Heck) Smith, the former of English descent, and was born in 1797. The latter was of German descent, and was born in 1800. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Presbyterian. In politics, he is a republican. He now owns 20a acres of fine farming land.

John D. Marlin, a farmer, was born in Johnson County, Clark Township, December 30, 1836, and is a son of Nathaniel ana Mary (Doty) Marlin. The former was born in Mount Holly, N. J., November 29, 18 10. He immigrated from New Jersey, about 1833, and entered the land on which J. D. Marlin now lives. He died in Bartholomew County, May 2, .1878; the latter was born December 12, 1810, in Virginia, and is a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Wilson) Doty, who removed to this state from Virginia, May 8, 1821, and settled in White River Township, and is still living. Mr. Marlin spent his early life in Bartholomew County, on the farm. He received a common school education in the district school, and through books and newspapers has become conversant on subjects of general interest. At twenty years of age he began to work at the carpenter's trade. He followed this trade for about two years, and then commenced farming, which he continued four years, and removed to Johnson County, and purchased land in Clark Township, where he has since remained. February 20, 1862, he was united in marriage to Jeretta Spaugh, a daughter of Timothy E. and Elizabeth J. (Robbins) Spaugh. Mrs. Marlin was born June 20, 1841. To this union the following children were born: Alta, August 26, 1863; Sherman N., November 21, of life for himself. He served an apprenticeship at the -wagonmakers trade: which he followed four years, and in 1854, emigrated to California, where he remained for two years, and then returned to his native county, where he was married, in 1856, to Miss Ann E. Holmes, daughter of Giles and Martha Holmes. Mrs. Robison was born in Warren County, Ohio, February 23, 1835. The issues of the above marriage, are two children, namely: Eugene A., born May 30, 1857, and a deceased child, unnamed, April 6, 1870. Eugene A. is a teacher, having taught ten successful terms in the public schools. Since Mr. Robison"s marriage, he has resided in Clark Township, and has been actively engaged in agricultural pursuits. He is now a prosperous citizen, owning and cultivating a well improved farm of 120 acres. He and wife are members of the Christian Church, of which he has been a member since 1851, and she, since 1859. In politics he is an ardent republican, casting his first presidential vote for A. Eincoln. He has been a progressive citizen, and has held several positions of honor and trust. During the war he was an enrolling officer in Clark Township. He has served his township as its assessor for two years, was once elected justice of peace, but resigned. At one time he became the republican candidate for county commissioner, and cut a majority of over 500 against him, down to 283, thus demonstrating the high esteem in which his fellow citizens hold him. In regard to churches, schools, and all laudable improvements, he has been friendly, and has been characterized as an industrious, and enterprising, as well as progressive citizen.

William Rouse was born in Shelby County, June 29, 1838, and is a son of Nathaniel and Lucinda (Francis) Rouse; the former was born in Kentucky, in 1799, and died in Shelby County, in 1844; the latter was born in Kentucky in 1809, and died October 21, 1884. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He. received a common school education, and began the battle of life* for himself at the age of eighteen years, and worked on a farm, nearly two years. He was united in marriage to Elizabeth Hoop, February 7, 1858. She was the daughter of Ferguson and Nellie (Doble) Hoop. Mrs. Rouse was born in Shelby County, February 4, 1S42. To this union the following children were born: Edward, born October 29, 1S59; Oscar, November 8, i860; Frank, April 4, 1863; unnamed (deceased), March 6, 1865; Abner, November 24, 1869; Frederick, February 22, 1876. Of these, all are living except Edward and the unnamed. Mr. and Mrs. Roul are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. For a number of years he was treasurer in the church. Mr. Rouse is a Mason. In politics, he is a republican. He now owns 205 acres of well improved land, and for a number of years has been dealing in stock. John W. Smith, one of the old pioneers of Johnson County, was born in Floyd County, Ind., October 7, 1828, and is the son of Adam and Mary (Dale) Smith. The father was a native of Germany. Our subject was the second of a family of three children. He left Floyd County about 1836, and removed to Rush County, Ind., where he remained six years, removing to Shelby County, where he remained two years, and then returned to Rush County, where he remained one year, going thence to Johnson County, this state, and settling on the farm on which he now lives. During his early life he had no opportunity whatever to attend school, and it was not until after his marriage that he spent his first day as a pupil in a school-room, and then only attended one month. He has always been fond of reading, and he has somewhat mitigated the lack of an early education, and is now a well informed man. He now owns 200 acres of land, of which 100 acres are well improved. He was married to Mis^ Harriet McKee, August 10, 1847, and this union was blessed with the following children: Rose A., April 24, 1848; George W., November 24, 1849; Elizabeth W., January 10, 1851; John A., January 21, 1854; Elijah W., January 2, 1858; Maria P., February 13, i860; Jacob H., August 1, 1862, and James A., October 10, 1864. In politics, Mr. Smith has always been a democrat, casting his first presidential vote for James Buchanan. He served his township as constable for six years. He was elected justice of the peace, but declined to serve. His chief occupation has been farming. In connection with this pursuit, he has given considerable attention to the culture of bees.

Omar Spencer, a prosperous and industrious farmer and stockraiser of Clark Township, Johnson County, was born February 21, 1835, he is a son of Lyman and Sarah (Turner) Spencer; the former was a native of New York, and was born December 7, 1798, of English descent, and died July 7, 1872; the latter was a native of Pennsylvania, and was born April 13, 1797, of Irish descent, and died July 19, 1S51. To their union the following children were born: Sarah A. (deceased), April 10, 1828; John T. (deceased), August 19, 1830; Robert P. (deceased), September 25, 1832. Omar, February 21, 1835; Samuel J. (deceased), October 12, i837\andMaggie M., February 2, 1839. i^t the age of fouryears, our subject was placed in the family of his uncle, Parker Spencer, who reared him to manhood. During his boyhood and youth he worked upon the farm in summer, and attended the district school in winter.

He received a good common school education ; and is conversant upon all subjects of general interest. At the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself as a farmer, which pursuit he has continued through life, and in connection with farming he has also made a specialty of raising short-horn cattle. March n, 1858, he was united in marriage to Mary E. Halfaker, daughter of Jacob and Ruth (Campbell) Halfaker. She was born February 5, 1837. Their union was blessed with the following children: Maggie E. (deceased), April 5, 1859; Lyman, December 29, i860; Kate, February 18, 1S63; Grafton, February 11, 1870, and Omar, November 22, 1871. On January 12, 1887, Mr. Spencer was united in a second marriage, with Mrs. Anna Phemister, a daughter of S. T. and Mary (Wiemer) Pierson. She is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. His first wife was a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Spencer now owns 480 acres of choice land in Johnson County, about 400 of which are under a high state of cultivation. In politics, he is an ardent republican.

John C. Springer, a farmer and stock-raiser of Clark Township, Johnson County was born December 15, 1838. He is a son of Cordnan and Orpha (Webb) Springer, both of whom were of Swedish descent. The father was born in Kentucky about 1800, and died in Johnson County about 1872. The mother was born in Kentucky about 1800, and is still living. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He served an apprenticeship at the miller's trade, which he followed about thirty years. He received a liberal education, attending the Franklin College. September 24, 1863, he wras united in marriage to Louisa J. Davidson, a daughter of Calip and Lockey (Jones) Davidson, and to this union the following children were born: Eva A., August, 1865; Rose L., July, 1870; John A. (deceased) April, 1873. The mother of these children was born in 1835. Mr. Springer is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Masonic order. In politics, he is a republican. He now owns 157 acres of well-improved land.

James W. Terman, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser of Clark Township, was born in Muskegeon County, Ohio, February 10, 1834, a son of John and Ann (Jones) Terman; the former was born in Maryland in 1793, and was of Scotch-Irish descent. He was in the War of 181 2. A peculiar incident happened by which he entered this war. He had a neighbor of whom he thought a great deal, who was drafted, and the man was crying to think he had to leave his family, when Mr. Terman volunteered to go in his place, if they would take him, he being only eighteen years of age at the time, and arrangements being made, he took the place of his friend and served with credit to the close of the war. He died in 1869. The mother was born in Virginia, in 1799, and died in 187 1. Our subject came with his parents from Ohio in 1847, and settled in Bartholomew County, this state, where he remained seven years, thence to Shelby County, where he remained one year, then to Johnson County, and settled in Clark Township on the farm where he now lives. He received a good common school education. At the age of nineteen years he began life for himself as a farmer. On October 12, 1854, he was united in marriage to Martha Cutsinger, a daughter of William and Parthena (Deupree) Cutsinger; the former was born in 181 3, and came to this state when only nine years of age, is of German descent; the latter was born in 1814. To this union the following children were born: James A., deceased; Elizabeth, June 26, 1857; Martha P., April 10, 1859; Emma A., January 13, 1861; Flora E., April 4, 1863; James W., February 22, 1865; Joseph E., June 9, 1867; James A., deceased; Omar, deceased; Ida, November 9, 1872; Sarah, deceased; Lewis M., February 15, 1877; Bertha, February 5, 1879, and Jessie Blanche, June 15, 1881. The mother of these children was born September 29, 1837, in Shelby County. He and wife are members of the Christian Church. In politics, he is an ardent republican, casting his first vote for John C. Fremont. He was chosen by his party in convention, as their candidate for trustee in the spring election of 1888; he ran against an opposing majority of twenty-five, and reduced it to eleven votes. He now owns 210 acres of well improved land.

Stephen W. Tilson, farmer, was born in Franklin Township, Johnson County, October 22, 1834, the son of Lemuel and Sidney (Crow) Tilson; the former was a son of Thomas Tilson, and was born about 1804, and died about 1872. The latter was born about 1802, and died about 1866. Our subject's early life was spent on a farm in Johnson County. He received a good common school education, and attended Franklin College two terms. Was a music teacher for about three years, giving it his whole attention. At the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself as a farmer, and occasionally worked at the carpenter's trade. During Morgan's raid in Indiana, he was with the company that guarded the city of Madison. November 25, 1856, he was united in marriage to Susan Ballard, a daughter of Taylor and Nancy (Fitzpatrick) Ballard; the father was assassinated on January 15, 1885; the mother was born in 1806, and died March 6, 1883. This union was blessed with the following children: Alferetta, born September 1, 1857; Romeo S., December 29, 1858; Indiana, September 6, i860; Luella, March 13, 1862; Jessie, deceased, February 10, 1864; twin boys, unnamed, one of whom is deceased, September 22, 1865;

Eldon, June 4, 1S67: Flora, Februaiy 19, 1869: Mack, August 29, 1871; Julia Dot, May 27. 1S73, and Lemuel B., April 3, 1875. The mother of these children was born October 3, 1834. She is a member of the Methodist Church : the husband and eight children are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics, he belongs to the union labor part}-. He has served his township as justice of the peace about one year.

James F. Webb, a farmer of Johnson County, was born April 29, 1842, and is a son of Zachariah and Nancy A. (Huff) Webb. The former was born in Kentucky, April 9, 180S; the latter was born in Ohio, April 22, 1813, and died January 15, 1886. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He received a common school education, and at the age of twenty-one years, began life for himself. On January 14, 1868, he was united in marriage to Mary A. Beard, daughter of William and Mary J. (Tucker) Beard. The father was born January 23, 1820, and died Julv 15, 1867; the mother was born December 5, 1823. To this union the following children were born: Cora E., born November 17, 1868; Guilford, September 9, 1871; Wallace, September 12, 1873. The mother of these children was born September 22, 1849, an<^ ^s a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Our subject now owns 300 acres of good land in Johnson County, Ind., and forty acres in Shelby County. Of the 300 acres, 150 are now under cultivation.

Sarah A. White, widow of James A. White, was born February 16, 1835. She is a daughter of James and Lucretia (Vaught) Patterson. Her husband was a son of James and Mary (Grubbs) White. Mrs. White was reared in Johnson County. She received a common school education. Early in the fifties she was married to James A. White. To this union the following children were born: Martin C, January 22, 1852; Alonzo, August 22, 1854; Thomas, February 12, 1857; Mary, October 22, i860; Sylvester, January 12, 1863; Samuel, February 10, 1865; Rachel, September 12, 1867; Charles, November 3, 1869; Stella, deceased, Julv 17, 1872; Vida, November 5, 1873. The father of these children departed this life, May 30, 1873. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. She now owns 120 acres of well improved land.

Andrew J. Williams, a native of Johnson Count)-, lnd., was born October 4, 1850, and is a son of James and Juda (Wheeler) Williams. The father was a native of Overton County, Tenn.; was born December 23, 1811; the mother is a native of Adair County, Ky., and was born in 18 16. Our subject's early life was spent on the farm. He received a common school education. He was educated for the law, being a student with Judge Williamson, of Des Moines, Iowa, and was admitted to the bar about 1875. He removed to St. Joseph, Mo., and remained there in the practice of his profession two years, when he returned to Des Moines, and remained there three years. He then returned to Indiana, and settled in Johnson County. September 21, 1880, he was united in marriage to Miss Serena E. Beard, a daughter of John W. and Nancy (Farmbrough) Beard. This union was blessed with the following children : John F., born September 19, 1881; Thurlow W., December 4, 1882; James C. (deceased), February 5, 1884; Fleetsvood P., April 15, 1885; Nellie L., August 3, 1886, and Lulu M., January 23, 1888. The mother of these children was born April 2, 1855. At the age of seventeen years, he began the battle of life for himself, by teaching school in Indiana three winter terms, and then went to Iowa where he taught two winter terms. He then went to Kansas, taught one winter term, and returned to Indiana, and commenced dealing in poultry, shipping to New York city. He remained in this business one year, and then returned tp Iowa. His wife is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. In politics, Mr. Williams is a republican, casting his tirst presidential vote for Hayes and Wheeler. He now owns 360 acres of good land.

Henry Williams, one of the prosperous farmers of Clark Township, was born November 22, 1841, in Fayette Count)-, Ind., and is a son of Joel D. and Frances (Walker) Williams; the former was born in Ohio, December 27, 1812, and was of English descent; the mother was born in Ohio, in 1S10, and died in 1879. Our subject emigrated with his parents, at the age of two years, to Madison County, and remained there about six years, going thence to Johnson County, where he has resided ever since. He received a good common school education, and at the age of twenty, he began life for himself. November 6, 1861, he was united in marriage to Serena Johnson, a daughter of James and Martha (Cawthorn), Johnson, both natives of Kentucky; the father was born about 1802, and died about 1844; the m°ther was born in 1804, and died in 1888. To this marriage the following children were born: Emma A. (deceased), February 10, 1863; Charles G., March 4, 1865; Dora B., August 10, 1867; Elmer, March 10, 1870; Olive M., Julv 27, 1872; Walter, September 26, 1874; unnamed son, deceased. The mother of these children was born June 26, 1842. He and wife are both members of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics, he is a republican, casting his rirst presidential vote for Lincoln. He now owns 427 acres of tine land, of which there are 350 acres under a high state of cultivation. He makes short-horn cattle a specialty. He served his township as trustee four years.

this count}', and is the son of John S. and Catharine (Huffer) Yoke. His father was born in Harrison Count}-, Ky., about the year 1801, and by occupation was a farmer. His mother was born about the year 1S14. The marriage of his parents resulted in the birth of eight children, of whom the following three are living: James S., born March 22, 1843; Jonathan W., born in 1845, and Ellen, in 1847. John S. Yoke removed with his family from Kentucky to Shelby County, this state, in 1833. In the same year he entered land in Johnson County, to which he removed in 1840. The subject of this sketch remained with his parents until he reached the age of twenty-one. In summer he worked upon a farm, and in winter attended the district school, receiving a fair knowledge of the ordinary branches of learning. January 9, 1864, he entered the service of the Union Army, in Company H, Ninth Indiana Cavalry, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment, and was mustered in at Indianapolis, under Capt. J. H. Fanjuhar. He served until the close of the war, and discharged his duties in a manner becoming a loyal soldier. He then returned to this county, and has ever since devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits in Clark Township. He owns a farm of 108 acres, which is in a good state of improvement, and sixty acres of which are in cultivation. On the 16th day of October, 1872, he was married to Miss Missouri Virginia Halfaker. She was born in Johnson County, May 23, 1852, and was the daughter of Jacob and Ruth (Campbell) Halfaker, the former of whom was born in Washington County, Va., in 1802, and the latter in Ohio, in 181 2. Her mother came with her parents to this state in 1829. The family first settled in Bartholomew County, but in 1837, they removed to Johnson County. Our subject and wife are the parents of three children: Ellen E., born July 16, 1874; Jonn Jacob, January 27, 1876, and James M., October 4, 1884, all of whom are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Yoke are members of the Christian Church, the former, who is now a deacon in the church, became a member in 1870, and the latter in 1863. In politics, Mr. Yoke supports the principles of the republican party, having cast his first vote for Lincoln. Mr. Yoke is one of the industrious farmers of his township.

Jonathan W. Yoke, a young and energetic farmer of Clark Township, was born in Johnson County, October 14, 1845, son of John S. and Catherine (Huffer) Yoke. The father was born in Harrison County, Ky., about 1801, and was by occupation a farmer. The mother was born about 1814. The marriage of his parents resulted in the birth of eight children, of whom the following three are living: James S., born March 22, 1843; Jonathan W., and Ellen, 1847. Our subject was reared on a farm. He received a good common school education, and in 1865 entered Purdy's Commercial College at Indianapolis, graduating the same year. He remained with, and took care of his parents until their death. November 3, 1875, ^e was united in marriage with Isabell Moore, a daughter of John and Sarah (Bowser) Moore, born March 3, 1845. This union was blessed with the following children: Sarah B., born November 20, 1876; John J., July 11, 1878; Catherine M., May 30, 18S0; Thomas E., July 8, 1882; Charles A., April 8, 1884; Walter C, September 7, 1886. He and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics he is a republican. He owns 303 acres of good land in Clark Township, 150 of which are under cultivation. He makes a specialty of short-horn cattle.