White River Township (part 2 of 3)

James S. Cottom

James S., son of John H. and Rebecca Cottom, was burn January 11, 1826, at New Paris, Ohio. He is the y9ungest member of his father's family, and, with the exception of his brother, John W., the only* survivor. He acquired a good English education in the common schools of his native county, and in 1843 came to Winchester, Ind., with his brothers. For a brief period he was engaged as a clerk in the dry goods house of his elder brothers at Winchester, beginning here his training for a mercantile life. Leaving the store, he returned to his native town, and for awhile attended school there. In 184.5, he wedded Miss Edith Jane Mitchell, daughter of William Mitchell, Esq., of New P.aris, Ohio. In the year 1846, he emTiarked in the dry goods trade at Williamsburg, Ind., and was thus engaged until 1849, at which time he removed to Winchester. In 1801, he relinquished mercantile pursuits and embarked in the sale of lightning rods. For a few months he met with flattering succegs, but in the pursuit of this occupation a misfortune befell him which changed the tenor of his life, and reduced him frotn a strong, vigorous man to an invalid. While "rodding" the house of Col. Young, at Anderson, Ind., he fell from a ladder to the ground below - a distance of twenty-seven feet. The fall produced a complete paralysis of the lower limbs, and from that hour he has never walked. Three weeks after the occurrence, he was placed upon a litter and carried to his home by men on foot. His wagon, with eight these friends conveyed him to his family, assisted by many others who volunteered their services along the route. He lay with but little hope of life, and no expectation of ever regaining his power of locomotion. Indeed, his physicians, with one exception, pronounced his injuries fatal, and for six months his life trembled in the balance. But after the lapse of a year he became satisfied that death was not immediately imminent, and was filled with a he engaged in the sale of medicines and musical instruments, then in the sale of agricultural implements and stoves, and subsequently iu the sale of sewing machines, at which he is still succeiisfully engaged, in connection with the fire insurance agency. Since his misfortune, he has occupied various public offices. He served as To\'nship Clerk for more than two years, as Justice of the Peace for four years, as Recorder of Randolph County for four years, and for nearly twelve years has been a Notary Public. In early life he developed remarkable musical tiilento, which he cultivated until he attained more than an ordinary degree of perfection and skill. In 1853, two years after the occurrence of his misforl une, he called and managed a musical convention at Indianapolis, at which the leading bras.'' bands of the State joined in competilon for first and second prizes. The enterprise proved a great success, both in a financial and musical sense, and the appreciation of the entertainment led the attending citizens to tender a vol" of thanks and a complimentary benefit to the energetic manager. He has always been actively interested in musical matters, and ha.s done much, by example and precept, to elevate the standard and encourage the development of musical talent in this vicinity. He w.as reared under Methodist influences, and although not formally identified with any religious denomination, he still retains the warmth of moral and religious feeling that characterized his boyliood, and at heart is a believer in the doctrines of the Christian religion. His early political training was with the Whig party, and he east his first vote for Zaohary Taylor, in the presidential campaign of 1848. He was strongly antislavery in sentiment, and drifted naturally from the Whig to the Republican party, with which he has ever since continued to act. He is an earnest temperance man, and has always added the weight of his example and influence to the cause. In bis life, since the great pivoul event, Mr. Cottom has demon- .strated the power of a, strong will over obstacles seemingly insurmountable. Sitting in his bed, or in his wheel-chair, he has attended daily to the afl'airs of active business, entering into his pursuits with a cheerfulness and enthusiasm worthy of remark. For more than thirty years his wheel-chair and cheerful face have been familiar sights to the citizens of this county, and his career during this period illustrates anew the force of the injunction : been governed by a high sense of honor, and for the probity of his life, and the kind and gentle characteristics of his nature, he possesses the good-will and affection of all who know him. His wife is a noble Christian lady, and has been a ministering angel to him in the period of his affliction. Their wedded life has been blesaed by two children, one of whom is deceased. The surviving daughter, Rosa, is the widow of the late Robert S. Fisher, who served long and faithfully as Cashier of the Commercial Bank, of Union City. JONATHAN CRANOK was born in Guilford County, N. C, on the 6th day of January, 1823, and resided there with his parents, on a farm, till he was twelve years old. His father, John Cranor, emigrated, with his family, from there, and located in Wayne County, Ind., near Williamsburg, in the fall of 1833, where the elder Cranor soon after died. Mr. Cranor's mother's name was Nancy Little. She was of Irish descent, her parents having been born in Dublin. Ireland. After the death of his father, Jonathan was bound to his uncle, Thomas Cranor. In about one year of servitude, young Cranor became dissatisfied with his master, and being naturally ambitious, with confidence in himself, he threw oil his allegiance to his uncle, and began the battle of life for himself. For a number of years lie worked about, upon farms, by the month, and chopped cord-wood. In 1840, he went to Centerville, Wayne County, and was taken in by the firm of Morton & Shaw, to learn the hatter trade, and was associated there with Gov. 0. P. Morton, who was also learning the same trade. After he learned his trade, Mr. Cranor abandoned it and cast about again for a more acceptuble pursuit. Having had no, educational advantages up to this time, besought rudimental instruction from his triend. Dr. Blair, who taught him the common school branches. In 1843, he cftme to Winchester to finish his education, and was admitted into the Randolph County Seminary, which was then under the supervision of Prof. James Ferris, where he was a student for some time. In February of 1847, during the Mexican War, young Cranor enlisted in the regular army, ond was posted at Newport Barracks, Ky., where he was employed in drilling recruits for the army, till the close of that war. Afteip the close of the war, he returned to Winchester and procured a position in the Randolph County Seminary, as assistant teacher with Prof. Ferris. " 11th day of September, 1848, he was married to Mis from the public square in Winchester. July 4, 1860, he moved to (ireeneviiie, Ohio, and opened a hotel there, but soon tired of that, and exchanged for a farm near the village of Hill Grove, where he remained about two years, when he sold out and came to Union City, and took charge of a large flouring mill on the Ohio side, where he was engaged in the milling business till the beginning of the great rebellion. Early in 1861, when the great rebellion was being organized, and after Sumter had been beaten down and the flag of the Union trampled iu the dust, on President Lincoln's first call for three months' troops, Mr. Cranor volunteered, and on the 20th day of April, 1801, was commissioned Captain by the Governor of Ohio, after which he recruited Company I, of the Eleventh Ohio Infantry, and reported at Camp Denison, for duty, and was ordered to Bellair, where he was commander of the post during his term of service. August 21, 1861, Capt. Cranor was appointed Lieutinant Colonel of the Fortieth Ohio Infantry, and on September 1 1, 1861, promoted to Colonel, and on the 10th of September, 1801, was mustered in and took command of the Fortieth Ohio Infantry. He was then ordered' to report to Col. James A. Garfield, at Paris, Ky. Garfield was then Colonel of the Forty-second Ohio Infantry, and commander of the Eighteenth Brigade, of which the Fortieth Ohio was a part. On the lOtb day of January, 1862, when Humphrey Marshal, with a Confederate force, was occupying a position on Middle Creek, in Eastern Kentucky, Col. Garfield, determined to dislodge him, ordered Col. Cranor, with a detachment from the Fortieth and Forty-second Ohio, to make an attack. Col. Cranor also had at his command a portion of Woolford's Cavalry. After a weary march on the 9th, and a restless night in rain and storm, on Abbott's Mountain, without shelter and without food, early in the morning of the 10th, Col. Cranor, with four companies of infantry, commanded respectively by Capts. Reeves, Knapp, Williams and Malchet, madean assault upon the enemy, and after many repulses in the early part of the conflict, from about 1 o'clock, Col. Cranor's forces gained an advantage which was held till dark, routing and driving the enemy out of Kent\icky. Having no provisions, Garfield ordered his forces buck to Prestonsburg, where tl ij arrived the next day at 10 o'clock. Afterward, Col. Cranor routed the rebels out of Pound's Gap> in the Cumberland Mountains. In May, Col. Garfield was promoted and ordered away, when Col. Oanor took command of the Eighteenth Brigade, and all the forces in Eastern Kentucky. Col. Cranor remained in commond of these forces until in the spring of 1803, when, on account of poor health, he was forced to resign. On the 28th day of May, 1805, President Andrew Johnson, for gallant services, appointed Col. Craaor Brevet Brigadier General. After retiring from the army, Gen. Cranor returned to Union City, Ohio side, and opened a hardware store ; and in 1865, was elected to the Senate of Ohio from the Thirty-third District, composed of Miami, Shelby and Darke Counties. In 1868, Gen. Cranor was elected Presidential Elector from the Fourth Congressional District of Ohio, and cast the vote of that District for Gen. U. S. Grant, for President. In 1872, Gen. Cranor came over on the Indiana side of Union City, and opened out and engaged in the sale of boots anil shoes until , when he was appointed Deputy Marshal of the State of Indiana, which position he held but a short time and resigned. Mr. and Mrs. Cranor have had three children, namely, Melvin R., born June 9, 1849, and died August 21, 1860; Charles E., born 6, 1861, and Andrew J., born August 29, 1852, and married to Miss

JOHN 1». CARTER was born March 17, 1829, in Delaware County, Ind. , Edmund D. Carter, emigrated from .Maryland to Indiana at a very . He removed with his family to Ohio in 1829, soon after the birth and in 1832, removed to Madison County, Ind. In 1835, he again l.icated in Debiwarc County, returning to Miulison County a few years later. In ISoS, became to Kandolph Oii'-.ity. locating in Stonr Creek Township, and removed to Winchester in 1840. In IKV.). John 1)., the subject of this sketch, went to lIuntsTille, in this county, where he was engaged in the woolen business, having erected a carding-mill at that town. Shortly afterward he purchased a woolen-mill at Winchester, which occupied the present site of Adam llirsch'a furniture factory. This building was destroyed by fire about the year 1S51, and in 1852, Mr. Carter moved to thai part of Union City lying east of the State line, and there erected and operated a saw-mill. This was the first mill in Union City, and. in connection with it, he operated a woolen-mill, and sold dry goods. He was ihus engaged until 1857, when he removed to Chesterfield, Madison Co., fnd., and was there engaged in the dry goods and grain tr.ide. In 18611, he removed to Dayton, Ohio, and was engaged for two years as salesman in the wholesale establishment of Darst, Herchalrode & Co. In 1801 , he ag.ain located at Chestertiehl, and in 186'i,came to Winchester, where he has ever since resided. He engaged in mercantile pursuits here in that year, and was thus employed until 18711. In 18ll(i. he erected the Winchester Woolen- Mill, but in IsVilt, purchased the old seminary property, which lie converted into a woolen-mill, operating it as such until IS80. In that year, he erected his present establishment in the southeast part of Winchester, whore he conducts an e.ttensive and satisfactory business in the manufacture of y.arns, blankets, and oilier woolen goods. He is enterprising and energetic, and his establishment r.anks among the important luanuliicturing industries of Winchester. Ill politics he is an enthusiastic Uepublicau, and in 1880, was elected Coroner of Randolph County. He was married, in 1 H48, to .Miss Maria Mnntgar, daughter of .losiah Montgar, of Union City, Ohio. Mr. Jlonlg:ir was an e.arly settler in D.arkc County, Ohio, and owned the l.^nd upon which the east part of Union City is located. lie died in Nebraska in 1874, at the age of eighty years. Jlr. Carter and wife are the parents of three children. They are worthy and highly respected members of society. Mr. l/vrter is a member of the Odd Fellows and Masinic fraternities, having attained the fifth degree in the former, and the Chapter and Council Degrees in the latter.

LIOV. D. CARTER is one of the family who have been so long identified with the industrial interests of Winchester, and who, by their imlustry in mechanical arts, have greatly assisleil the material prosperity of the town. He " 1826, in Montgomery County, Ohio,

. engaged at the trade which he learned in youth, having vsionally united it with the kindred art of wagon and carriage making. For years he was engaged with his brother in the manufacture of wagons and riages, and for seven or eight ye.ar.s he conducted a custom blacksmith shop. 1873, he entered into partnership with .lohn II. Gill in the manufacture of vagons. This enterprise was conducted very successfully under the firm name f Carter & Gill until the cslaUishnient of the Winchester Wagon Works, when ts interests were consolidated with those of the latter establishment, and Mr. larter was elected manager of the blacksmith department. He is enterprising nd energetic, and by a life of industry h.as .accumulated a comfortnble fortune, le possesses vigorous health and a strong constitution, and belongs to that .dive class of citizens whose labor bears so directly upon the substantial proslerily of the eommuniiy in which they reside; and to him it is a matter of lonest pride that for nearly forty years ho has been engaged in active labor, .ud that whatever financial success has crowned his work has been attained hrougli the medium of honest toil and prudent management. He was married t Winchester in 1853 to Miss Hannah K. Hutchens, an estimable lady, who las been a devoted helpmate to him, and a potent factor in his success. They ,rc the parents of three children, two of whom are now living. In politics, dr. Carter acts with the Democratic party, and while an active partisan, and an ' ' - - - sought nor held

0 Decatur, 111., re ic year. From that place he went Hast again, tarrying three m "f Del.aware, and finally returning to his former home at Ne Icr, he removed to Elizabeth, N..I., where he remained three ; if lH(i;i, he removed to the State of Iowa, removing shortly' HI., then to fireer.c County, in the same State. From li.] to Decatur, and in the spring of 1872, to Chicago, where 1 months. He nest visited Toledo, Detroit, and other cities i> Springfield, 111., made his home at that city for three yean lie to Winchester, Ind., and two years later, removeil to Noble: le spring of l.'^HO, he returned tr '"' ' - ' ' ' complclcil and occupied in the summer of 1882. energy and activity, and he has left many evidences of his skill as a master workman and designer. He is in the prime of a vigorous manhood and active business life, and his enterprise and public spirit have added largely to the impetus of the local industries of this town. He is engaged extensively in llie lumber trade at Winchester, owning and operating a saw mill, in which large ([uantities of lumber are prepared for market. His life has been successful, in a financial sense, and he has succeeded in accumulating a comfortable fortune. He is honored aud respected by all who know him, and is recognized among the best citizens of the community in which he resides. In politics he is a Republican, and while enthusiastic in the support of his party, he has never been enough of a politician to seek or occupy public office, preferring to give his ottenlion exclusively to his business. He was married on May 8, 18-50, to Miss Caroline Rlizabeth Ross, at Newark, N. J.. Ry this union they are the parents of four children, three of whom are now living to bless and cheer their home.

WILLIAM WFSLEY CANADA was horn June 8, 1850, in Stony Creek Township, Randolph Co., Ind. He is the son of David Canada, a prominent and highly-respected farmer of this county. His parents are both deceased. His father died at Winchester October 15, 1879. His mother died two years previously (October 13, 1877). During his early life, the subject of this sketch was performing the various duties of farm life oi "' ' ' ' education. He attendeil the high school at Farmland for with a three months' cour.sc in the Stale Normal School at Terre Haute, Ind. He began at an early age to earn his way in the world, and has never received assistance from any one to further his plans. His .attainments are the results of his own unaided efforts, and he is essentially a self-made man. He began the .^tudy of the law in 1873, in the office of WRliam Eggleston, a distinguished altorney of Terre Haute, and shortly afterward came to Winchester, entering the ofHce of Moorman Way, Esq., where he completed his studies. He was admitted to Ihe bar of Randolph County in June, 1874, and began the practice of his profession. In 187B, he was Ihe associate of E. B. Reynolds, Esq.. with whom he practiced one year. In 1877, he formed a partnership with his brother, which continued until 1881. He has been active in politics, and is a stanch supporter of the principles of the Republican party. He is one of the working members, yet his services are contributed unselfishly, and without hope of reward. He has never sought nor accepted public office. His heart is in his profession, to which he has devoted himself with an earnestness that has wrought good results. He is steadily rising as an attorney, in the estimniion of the public, as well as that of the legal fraternity, and as he is yet a yoiinsman, bright possibilities ai'e before him. Mr. Canada was married, in December, 1875, to .Miss Carrie E. Moore, daughter of ,lames Jloore, Esq., an early settler of Randolph County. They are tlie parents of two chihfren, named respectively - Lance and Coral. In social life they are highly regarded by a large circle of friends, and are very properly ranked among the best citizens of

Silas

Randolph Co.. Ind. His fall and came to Ramlolph County in 1828 or 1820. His mother, Mary A. Canada, was a native of Kandolph County, Ind. They wore the parents of ten children, all of whom are now living. Both parents .are deceased. The mother died in 1877, and the father in 1879. Silas A., t!ie subject of this sketch, passed the ilays of his boyhood on the home farm, attending the district schools in winler, and assisting in the work of the farm during the remainder of the year. In ISliO, he attended the school at Farmland, in this county, under the instructions of Dr. Ault, and during Ihe summer of 1875, w.as a student in the college of Ridgeville. He attended school at Winchester, in the same ye.ar. At the age of eighteen years, he began teaching school iu Randolph County, and was tlius employed at intervals for several year.-, and was Principal of the Arba Gradeil School two years. Three times, while thus employed, he was granted a two years' license, his general average each ti^e being 100 per cent. In 1870, he began the slndy of law, with A. 0. Marsh, and on the ISth of January, 1877, was admitted to the bar of Randolph County. From 1877 to 1881, he was nssoci.ated iu the practice with his brother, under the firm name of Canada ,v (Canada, after which he became a member of the present firm of Stakebake, Canada & Marsh. As a school teacher he was successful and efficient, and. as an attorney, he is r.apidly rising to prominence. He is yet a young man, , 'ind, judged by his energy and ability, it is safe to predict for him a bright, and pros-

JE.><SE CANADAY wsa, born December 13, 1847, in Wayne County, Ind. His parents, Enos and Hannah Canaday, were both natives of North Carolina, his father of Guilford County, and his mot her of Randolph County. They each came to Wayne County, Ind., with their parents, when quite young, and grew to maturity there. The father was fortunate in the .accumulation nf a fortune, by years of indHslry and honest effort, bnt his confidence in his neighbors cost him dearly, for, by becoming security for tliem at various times, he lost, nearly all he had .accumulated. Under the changed condition of Ihe father's fortunes, the sons were compelled to lean more upon their own resources for whatever success they attained in preparing them,selves for active life. Jesse, the subject of this sketch, had enjoyed the adv.antage.s of the common schools in boyhood, attending only in the winter; but by persistent study and application he acquired a good English edncation, and in bis nineleenfh year began teaching school during the winler, and clerking in stores during other porlions of the year. In the meantime, having registered in the oltice of .lames Urown, of Newcastle, Ind., he gave all his leisure time to the study of law, with a view of adopting the legal profession. His preceptor was then a well known attorney, and has since risen to distinction. Under his instiuo- lions, Mr. Ciinadny givineJ ground rapidly in his studies, and was admitted to the bar of Henry County in 1S74. He did not enter upon the practice at once, however, believing that a good purpose would be subserved by remaining for awhile in mercantile life. In 1875, he located at Hagerstowu, Wayne Co., Tnd., where he remained about six years. During two years of this time, he was Cashier of the Commercial Bank, and for three years was engaged in the practice of his profession. In April, 1882, he came to Winchester, having decided to devoted his time and talents to the practice of the law. He was married on December 24, 1874, to Miss Sarah J. Wright, at the home of her father, Thomas G. Wright, in Henry County, Ind. On .Vugust 1, 187'!, she died, leaving one little daughter, to mourn her loss. Mr. Canaday w^s married to Miss Lila Brown, his present companion, on December G, 1880. .She is a lady of culture and refinement, and enjoys the regard and esteem of a large circle of friends. In politics, Mr. Canady has always acted with the Republican party, taking an active interest in its success, while he has never sought public office, nor served but once in a public capacity. This was during his residence at Hagerstown, at which time he served four years as Justice of the Tcace. He is yet a young man, with his life all beforo him. He is naturally energetic and enthusiastic, devoted to his profession, and possessing the quali-

All.MSBEE DIGGS was among the earliest pioneers of Kandolph County, and for many years one of its most active and reliable citizens. He came here in the prime of a vigorous manhood, and tor more than a half century was identified with the development of (he county, bearing his full share in pioneer hardships, and contributing liberally to the encouragement of public improve nients inaugurated in later years. He was horn in 1 795, in .Vuson County, N. C. About the year 1810, he married Mary Way, and in the winter of 181li-17. started with his young wife for the wilds of Indiana, reaching Randolph County in February, 181 7, and locating on the banks of White River. Here he addressed himself to the task of clearing and improving a farm, and although he was a successful and energetic farmer, he was an enthusiastic hunter, and fond of the chase. Often his sons were sent into the woods to bring home the hides and hams of deer slain by their father, these being the marketable parts of the animal, and readily convertible into money. Thus for years he lived in the woods, farming and hunting .alternately. In December, 1817, his eldest son, Henry, was born. The latter was one of the first white children born on While River in this county, his only seniors being Fanny, daughter of William Diggs, and Lydia Wright, now the wife of Endsley .Tones, of this county. In the years that ensued, eleven other children were added to the family of Mr. Diggs, si.\ of whom .are now living, viz. : .lohn W.. Jesse, Rachel, William, Matthew, and Fanny. Littleberry, Wiishington and Hannah died young. Henry, the eldest, grew lo manhood in this county, and married, but is now deceased, fatience, wife of .J. II. Leake, .and Priscilla, wife of .Stephen Moorman, are also iloccased. Mr. Diggs entered a tract of 17H acres, from which he developeiJ his farm. For the jiurpose of purchasing this tract he went on horseback to the land office at Cincinnati, with just enough money to pay for a quarter section ; but upon his arrival he learned that the tract " overran," ami it would be necessary for him to purchase the entire amount. He did not possess the requisite amount of money, and had it not been for the kindness of a young man in the land office, he would have been compelled to return without a title to the land on which he had erected his cabin, and where his family amount, taking no security other than hi« verbal obligation, and he returned the happy owner of the land he had selected. .Six months p.assed before he was able to return the money so generously loaned him by the stranger, but it was repaid with true gratitude for the kind accommodation. Like many others among our western pioneers, he began life in limited financial circumstances, and by hard work and industry accumulated a fortune. About the year 1850, he erected a saw mill and grist mill on White River, and for ten years or more was engaged in this enterprise, m which he derived a fair profit. Though possessing only a limited education, he was a man of fine natural intelligence, and was constantly adding lo his store of knowledge by study and observation.

never identified with the Society here, his early teacliings marked and governed all his life. He was a man whose verbal obligation was accepted as readily and considered as sacred by himself as his bond. In all his dealings with his fellow-men, he was actuated by principles of strict honesty, and none were more highly esteemed than he. In his political affiliations he was at first a Whig, and later a Republican, and while he was an active .and zealous partisan, he always shunned public office, and never permitted his name to be used in connection with any nomination. He reared a large family, who inherited their fatiier's sterling traits, and are now among the honored ami respected citizens of the commuuities in which they reside. He died in March, 1872, having lived lo see the pioneer settlement develop into a populous ami wealthy county. His wife did not long survive the husband with whom she came to these wilds, as she died in October of the same year.

JOHN W. DIGGS, son of Armsbee and Mary Diggs, was born on the 20tli of January, 182(3, at the old homestead in White River Township, Randolph County, Ind. He has pas.sed his days in this county from childhood to mature age, and has been identified more or less prominently with the public welfare boyhood, iie labored under (hr disadvantages common to a new settlement, particularly in respect to school privileges, and the greater portion of his time was required in the work of (he home farm. He attended school in one of the rude schoolhouses of that period, but his education is mostly self-acquired. His elder brother married and loft home, and he, being the next in age, took upon himself the burden of the work about the farm, and continued to work for his father until 1849. In May of that year he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of John and Mary Helms, and sister of G. W. Helms, of Winchester. After his marriage, he rented a portion of his father's farm, which he continued to cultivate until the spring of 1862. He had learned the carpenter's trade, and at the date last named adopted that pursuit for a livelihood. In 1865, he adopted the citbinet-niaker's trade, which he pursued successfully until the winter of I8fil-G2. He sold his shop at that time and has since been engaged in the undertaker's line. His life has been a success, financially and otherwise. He never believed in wastiog time, and his years have been years of industry. He has acquired a comfortable fortune, all of which has been gained by honest toil. So firmly have the habits of his youth become a part of his nature, that he is always happiest when busily engaged at some manual labor. And while his industrious life has well earned complete rest for his later years, he lacks the inclination to a-^cept it. The bride of his early years has been spared to conjfort and cheer his later life, and share with him the high reeard and esteem of the community. They are the parents of three sons, named, respectively, George S., Charles C. and Eddie F. The former is the senior member of the firm of Diggs fi Way, of Winchester, while the younger brothers occupy the stiitions of clerks. Mr. Diggs is recognized as one of our best citizens, and has always felt an interest in the progress and public welfare of this county and town, contributing liberally to enterprises inaugurated with this end in view. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been identified with this denomination for a number of years. His life has been consistent with his religion, and in all his dealings with his fellow-men he has been honorable and fair. He became a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity at Winchester in 1854, and is still an active and enthusiastic member of that order, having attained the rank of a Uniformed Patriarch in the Encampment. In bis political affiliations he is a Republican. His father was a Whig, and in his early boyhood, the son embraced the principles of that party, and later was a radical .Vbolitionist. He took an active though quiet part in the anti-slavery movements in this county, and upon the rise of the Republican party he became one of its earliest and stanchest friends and supporters, and has ever since been one of its most unwavering adherents. He hjis never felt political ambition, and never sought public office. He has, however, been elected to several local positions by the spontaneous will of the people, and without eflTort on his own part. He was elected six times in succession to the office of Trustee of White River Township, and afterward served two years as Clerk and Treasurer of the town of Winchester, .and subsequently as Trustee of the corporation.

CALVIN W. DIGGS, son of Littleberry C. and Mercy (Ad.lington) Diggs, was born September 1.3, 1843, in Stony Creek Township. Randolph Co., Ind. About the year 1854, he removed with his mother to Liber, Jay (Jo.. Ind.. his father having died in December, 1840. Here he attended school the greater portion of the time during the next eight years. In the meantime civil war had broken out, and in 18fi2, he left his studies lo do his p.art in defense of (he Union. In August, 181)2, he went to Richmond, Ind., and enrolled himself as a member of Company A, Eighty-fourth Indiana Regimen(, and was with his regiment in the battle of Chickamauga, where he was captured by the rebels on the 20th of September, 1863, while trying to save a comrade, William Mendenhall. From the batde-field he was taken to Richmond, Va., and placed in Libby Prison. At the end of a month, he was transferred to Danville, Va., where he was kept for five months, and from (hat point to Andersonvillc, Ga., where he spent eight months in the miserable pen, whose horrors will continue to be a blot upon the name of the South as long as memory or history shall endure. On the 20tli of November, 1804, he w!is exchanged, and after a furlough of forty days, rejoineil his regiment at HuntsviUe, Ala., remaining with it until the close of the war. After his discharge fjpm the service he returned to his home, and, for throe or four years following, taught in the district schools of the county during the winter, and in the spring of 1869, was appointed Deputy by William E. Murray, who was then Auditor, and in the fall of 1873, accepted the position of Deputy Clerk, under R. A. Le-avell. In the fall of 1877, he embarked in the business of collecting the foreign fees of Sheriffs and clerks, in the pur.iuit of which he visited each county in the SUite. This enterprise was a new one, and he found it pleasant and reasonably remunerative. In December, 188(1, he was appointed Assistant Attorney General for the Sixth and Eleventh Congressional Districts, his duties being the collection of fees due the State. In March, 1882, he formed a partnership with J. W. Macy, in the in-

On the 28tli of October, 1877, he was united in marriage with Miss Harriet R. Edger, daughter of Edward Edger, Esq., of Winchester. Their wedded life has been blessed by two children, named, respectively, Bessie Diggs (deceased; and Nellie E. Diggs. Mr. Diggs has grown up in this community, and is well known throughout the county. He has gaineil a fair share of the world's wealth by energy and industry, and by his honorable dealings with his fellow-men, has won their confidence and esteem, and he is recognized as one of our best citi-

PATRICK HENRY DEAN was born March 9, 1830, at Nicholasville, Ky. He was reared on a farm, and received a common school education in the schools of his native city. His father, John Dean, removed from Kentucky to Indiana, locating first in Johnson County, ant removing at a later date to Delaware County, and finally to Grant County, where he still resides. His son accompanied him, remaining at home until his father removed to Grant County. While residing at Franklin, Johnson County, he learned the art of making daguerreotypes, and decided to adopt that vocation. After the removal to Delaw.are County, he worked on the farm for awhile, and afterward set up » gallery at Muncie, with a Mr. Parsons. From Muncie he removed to Tipton, Ind., and engaged in mercantile pursuits. In this line he met with marked success, and the firm of P. H. Dean & Co., became one of the foremost houses in the town. But just in the midst of his success, and when le.ast expecting it, his fortunes were reversed, ond he was ruined financially by the treachery of (hose he believed to he his best friends. He found it necessary to surrender his hopes in the mercantile line, and return to the practice of his .art for a livelihood. He opened a gallery at Tipton, in partnership with a Mr. Craycrafl, and about a year later removed to Noblesville, Ind., where he was engaged in the same business. Misfortune seemed to follow him, for, while at Noblesville,

5t as his work besran to jjay him, his gallery was destroyed by fire, and possessions were swepf away. From Noblesville lie went to Chicago, and irs later came to Winchester, where he has resided ever since, practicing of photography. Ilaviug adopted this profession, he has studied it well, s developed some original and ingenious methods, among them being a le for rolling and burnishing photogr.aphs, of which he is the inventor itcntee. This has proved a useful accessory to the photograph gallery, s been sold throughout the United States. In 1874, he was united in ge with Miss Lizzie McDonald. T?y this union they are the parents of lighter - Emma. Mr. llean was made a Mason at Tipton, Ind., and rethe first three degrees of the order at that place. After his removal to ;ater. he received t'le Chapter and Council degrees at this place, and the

HON. EDWATID RDGEll, Winchester, Ind., was born in Derry County. Ireland, March 10, 1803. He was (he son of Edward and Martha (Shields) Edger. The family, consisting of the parents and eight children, came to America in 1807, leaving Ireland .June 4th of that year. Coming over in a sailing vessel, it required three months to make the voyage. They landed at Baltinjore and went to Augusta County, Va., where they remained one ye.xr, when they removed to Bourbon County, Ey., where they resided until 1823, when the parents and familv, excepting the subject of this sketch, removed to Castinc, D.arke Co.. Ohio, w'here they continued to reside during the remainder of their lives. After his father removed from Kentucky, the subject of our sketch was employed in fiat-boating and as pilot on steamboats on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. He served as pilot succes.sfuUy for six years. On March 8, 1828, the " Tennessee," a large passenger steamer upon wliich he was ascending the Mississippi, struck a snag and sunk. About one hundred passenger.^ were drowned ; Mr. Edger escaped, with only his night clothes, by swimming six miles on a small board. Ho was married to Miss Jane G. Putman, daughter of Unerstus Putman, a merchant of Now Madison, Ohio, November 12, 183:j, and settled at New Madison, where he engaged in the saw-mill business. Mrs. Edger is a sister of Col. David Putman, of Palestine, Ohio, and .J. G. Putman, formerly a well-known citizen of Winchester. She is a lady of sterling character, and holds a high place in the esteem of all who know her. Mr. and Jlrs. Edger removed to Randolph County, Ind., in 1837, locating where the town of Deerfield now stands, .January 20 of that year, where they kept a general supply store until 1854, when they removed to Winchester, where they have since resided. They are the parents of twelve children, seven of whom survive. Mr. Edger served a regular apprenticeship at the cabinet trade, but has spent most of his life in general merchandising, more recently in the grain trade. During his career he ha, been associated as partner with Mr. .1. G. Putnam, Mr. .1. B. Goodrich, Mr. Asa Teal and II. T. Semans. At the present he is retired, after a long and active business life. Although not a politician, Mr. Edger is a Conservative Democrat. He was elected

CAl'T. EDMUND ENGI.E was born August 8, 1831, in Chester County, ever, are associated with Indiana, .as he - - '3 w'-e- bu' 'bur years of age. His father, vc of Chester County Penn., where he was born in iarn but Icarncl the wagon-maker's trade, and iitil I><42 In 183(1 he married Miss Catharine nt} wl o-e anfp=t rs settled in Pennsvlvania as vpl II 1 fjiiilvio W:ivne County, liid..

out Eiigle \ M.ir; Ip - i i liii,.,i u, th^town of Winchester, and was extensively engaged in the sale of lots. On the first of January, 1881, in connection with his son, he established the New York Store, which was conducted under the firm name of Engle & Son until April, 1882, when John Rich.ardson purchased the interest of John R. Englo, the junior member of the firm. Mr. Engle was married October 15. 185(5, to Miss Gertrude K. Bishop, daughter of John W. Bishop, late of Randolph County. By this union they are the parents of seven children, four of whom are now living, viz. : John R., Emma G., Charles F. and Walter J. His wife is an estimable lady, and possesses the affectionate regard of all who know her. She is a member of the Disciples Church, as is also her hu.sband. Although he has never occupied public oflice, Mr. Engle has taken quite an active part in local politics, always wielding his influence in favor of the Republican party. He is identified with both the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities of Winchester, having attained the Royal Arch degree in the former. He is a successful business man, and by his honor.able methods nily of twelve re engaged in agricultural purone lost his life during the late the father, has reached the age id well preserved for one of his

George N. Edger

Rooky Face, Dallas, Resacs, Pino Monntain, Altoona, Gulp's Farm, Peach Treo Creek, Konesaw, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy, Merrel's Mills, Franklin, Nashville, besides many others of lesser note. Through all these conflicts he passed unhurt. The only time he was ever struck was at Chiokaraauga, where a part of his moustache was out off by a bullet. After his discharge from the service, he engaged in the practice of law in Winchester with Leander J. Monks as a partner, under the firm name of Miller & Monks, which continued until 1871. In June, 1872, he purchased an Interest in the flouring mills at Winchester, but sold again the following winter. He then purchased an interest in a manufacturing business at Decatur, Ind., where he continued until 1876, when he resumed the practice of his profession in Winchester. He was two years alone ; then for a time in partnership with Alexander GuUett, and at the present with Hon. John Enon Neff, under the firm name of Miller k Neff. Col. Miller is Democratic in politics, firm and consistent in his advocacy of his party principles. He has never sought office, but in 1808 ran for Prosecutor in the Thirteenth Judicial District, composed of the counties of Randolph, Jay, Blackford and Wayne, beating his Republican competitor in all except Wayne County, which, of course, "snowed him under." In 1880, Col. Miller led the hopeless but gallant campaign in the Sixth Congressional District against Gen. Thomas M. Browne, and while defeated, he carried his ftill party vote. Col. Miller is a member of the I. 0. O. F., in which excellent institution he takes high rank. He is not a member of any church, but is liberal toward all theological opinions. On February 4, 1864, he was married to Miss 8arah J. Aker, daughter of Andrew Aker, of Winchester. Mrs. Col. Miller is o member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, a lady of excellent sooiol character, and has proved herself a worthy companion in all respecta. They are the parents of three children, only one of whom survive. They have an exceedingly elegant home, are surrounded by all the comforts and many of the luxuries of life, and enjoy the prospect of a highly desirable future.

JAMES MOORMAN. The subject of this sketch is the youngest son of Thomas and Susannah (Crew) Moorman. His parents both emigrated from the James River country, in Virginia, to Richmond County, N. C, prior to the Revolutionary war, and grew to maturity and were married in the latter county. There were born to them five sons and two daughters, Tarleton Moorman, formerly of Randolph County, being the eldest. James, the youngest son, was liorn near Rockingham, Richmond Co., N. C, on the east side of the Big I'ecdee River, on the 26th day of June, 1795. His father died on the 27tli day of the eleventh month, 1801, and the subject of this sketch, from the time he was six years of age, was reared without the care ond protection of a father. In 1822, the motlier emigrated with her family from North Carolina to Wayne County, Ind., where Thomas, a brother, had located at an oariier dale. They located at what is known ae Kenworthy's mill, on Green's Fork, in Wayne County, Ind., where the mother died on the fifth dny of the tentli month, 18-36. While living in Wayne County, he was known to have been, perhaps, the first to introduce fine cattle into that county. James Moorman is, perhaps, as widelyknown OS any resident of the county. Personally, he is a man of about six feet in stature, and stands erect, with a liigh, broad foreliead, large brain in front, with a well-balanced head of the finest type. He has a pleasant, open countenance, and though not talkative, he has a pleasant word for all, and is familiarly called by everybody Uncle .Jimmy. He generally keeps his own counsel, and seldom asks advice ; and what lie docs he does quietly, and is willing to risk his judgment on all matters of importance. He inherited little wciilth from his parents - not over $100 or $200, perhaps, but he inherited what was far better, a strong, athletic fi-ame, a hardy, robust constitution, temperate habits, with an economical disposition, exacting all that was his dues, and always giving the same, with a willingness to labor at anything honorable. In true pioneer style, he took his ax and went into the forest and cleared % farm. When he had accumulated a few dollars, he did not cease to labor, and spend his money in pleasure or high living, but loaned it out safely at interest, and labnred on for more ; and thus day by day he added to his store, until, in 1860, he was known as one of the wealthiest men in Eastern Indiana. In that year, he located at Winchester and stortcd what was known as the Winchester Bank. Since that time, by careful and judicious investments, and a constant personal attention to his business, his prosperity h.is been such that Ids wealth has more than doubled. His motto as a financier has always been : Pay as you go, and make each day more than you spend. He was never of % speculative turn of mind, and never attempted to make money by speculation, preferring the slower and surer way to success, and by his good judgment he met with but few losses in his investments. He is a man of sound judgment and great will-power, and when his mind is made up, his decision is final. His " Little rather not" is understood by those who know liim to be a very emphatic No 1 While he has not been extravagant in his liberality, he seldom turns his back upon a good cause, and has contributed olieerfuUy to all moral and religions enterprises that have sought publio encouragement, and no doubt before his life closes he will employ at least a portion of bis great wealth in such a manner as will bless mankind, tn his religious relations, he is a friend of the orthodox branch, having had a birth-right in the church. In his later years, he has taken great interest in the church at Winchester, and has been very faithful in his attendance, being seldom absent from his seat. Politically, he is a Republican, and has been identified with this party over since its organization. Prior to that, he was anti-slavery iu his political sentiments, as were all the Friends in this county at that time. Though hia church was op posed to the war, he look a lively interest in the results of the conflict, the freedom and enfranchisement of the slaves ; and no one paid his incouie-tax more cheerfully than he. He still has in his heart a warm place for the soldiers who periled their lives in the cause of freedom and the defense of the Union. He is now eighty-seven years of age, and, though growing feeble, he still retains the free and full use of all his fine mental faculties, and with bis temperate and regular habits may live to see an extreme old age. He has retired firomthe drudgery of active business life, and has placed the affairs of his bank largely in the hands of Capt. Joseph R. Jackson, of Union City, who, with his excellent business ability, has taken the burden from his shoulders to a great extent, while he awaits, quietly and patiently, the end of a long and successful business life. His career demonstrates the possibilities attainable by industry and determination, and illustrates the fact that the sure road to wealth is through honest toil and fruj^ality.

John W. Macy

JOHN W. MACY. John W. Macy was born in 1843, in Henry County, Ind., and removed to Randolph County, Ind., with his father, David Macy, in 1854. The family located at Farmland, in this county, where they still reside. Mr. Macy was reared a farmer, and the principal part of liis time in boyhood was employed on his father's farm, in Henry County. In the winter, he attended school near his home, acquiring a good English education. In August, 1862, when less than nineteen years of age, he enlisted in Company A, of the Eighty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and entered the field in defense of the nation's honor. At the battle of Chickamauga, he was wounded in the thigh, and during the next two months he was absent from hia regiment in consequence of this injury. During a portion of this time, he was at home, obtaining recruits for the service ; he then returned to his regiment, and served until the close of the war, when he was mustered out. In youth, he had learned the wagonmaker's trade, and after his return from the army he engaged in this pursuit, continuing until 1867 ; he was then appointed Deputy Auditor by William E. Murray, who was, at that time, Auditor of Randolph County, and served in this capacity two years. He was Deputy Clerk under John B. Goodrich, and afterward under Taylor Semans, for a period of two and a half years, and at the close of this service went to Kentucky, where he was actively engaged in various branches of business for fouryears. H.eiurning to Farmland at the end of that time, he embarked in the stove and tinware trade, and while thus engaged he was nominated by the Republicans, in 1877, for the office of Clerk of Randolph County, and elected in the fall of the same year. He left the shop at Farmland one day and assumed the duties of the office the next. Throughout a period of four years, he discharged the many duties of this office with a fidelity that was highly creditable to himself, and satisfactory to the people of the county. He re-arranged the office, and spent all his leisure lime in grouping, boxing and numbering the thousands of packages of documents that had acoumuluted in the office for years, thus rendering comparatively easy a search for any document desired. While serving as clerk, Mr. Macy was chosen Chairman of the Republican Central Committee of Randolph County, and in addition to his oflScial labors, discharged the many duties of that position with equal fidelity ; his faithlulness in this line, and its important results, elicited the warmest expressions of satisfaction and gratitude f|-om his Republican friends. An important campaign had just been conducted to n successful termination in this county, and the Republicans assembled in large numbers at the court house to express their appreciation of the services of Iheir chairman, His utter ignorance of the form this expression would take, was manifested by his complete surprise, when, in a neat little speech, the spokesman of the party presented him with a handsome and valuable silver service, which will long be to him a treasured token and a happy reminder ; he retired from his official position In November, 1881, and since that time has been successfully engaged in the practice of law, in connection with the real estate and insurance business; he is also associated with .Messrs. John E. Neff and E. S. Kelley, as a partner in the handle factory at Winchester. As a business man, Mr. Macy possesses marked talent, and in every position he has occupied, he has performed his duties with distinguished ability; he is a valued member of society, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of all who know him. On the 25ih of December, 1871, Mr. Macy was united in marriage with Miss Sarah, daughter of Edward Edger, Esq., a prominent and highly respected citizen of Winchester. By this union ttiey are the parents of three children, named respectively, Ralph E., Shields S. and Kate B. Macy.

Capt. Albert 0. Marsh

CAPT. ALBERT 0. MARSH. Albert 0. Marsh was born September 16, 1840, at Windsor, Ashtabula Co., Ohio. He attended Hiram College, and recited his lessons to the illustrious statesman and martyr President of the United States, James A. Garfield, at a time when the latter was only a teacher in the institution which is now celebrated by his connection with it. At the age of eighteen years, Mr. Marsh ongaged in the vocation of school teaching, which he followed successfully until the outbreak of the late rebellion called for patriotic sacrifices from young men in defense of the flag and the maintenance of national unity. He was among the first to respond, enlisting, in 1861. in the Fifteenth Ohio Regiment for the three months' service. At the expiration of that term, he returned to his home, and, in the fall of 1861, was married to Miss Sarah M. Qalleher; he taught school during the succeeding winter, and, in the summer of 1862, enlisted in the Forty-sixth Ohio Regiment for three years, as a membor of Ompany A. In June, 1803, he was detailed to organize a colored regiment in Tennessee, first known as the Second Regiment of Tennessee Infantry, but afterward as iho Fifty-ninth United States Olored Infantry. He was commissioned Captain of a company in that regiment in June, 1863. For a time, he acted as Aid-de- Camp under Gen. Buokland, at Memphis, having charge of posts and defenses at that place. He was afterward made Assistant Inspector General on the staff of Gen. A. L. Chetlain, holding that position until the lost of July, 1865. At that time, after resigning his commisjion as Captain, he was appointed by Gen. John 3. Smith, as Superintendent of the Military Detectives, Secret Service Corps, with headquarters at Memphis. In February, 1806, this corps was disbanded, and he resumed civil life ; having read law prior to the war, he determined upon the adoption of the legal profession. After spending a few months in Ohio, recruiting his health, he located at Seymour, Ind., and entered upon the practice of his chosen profession, and from 1868 to 1872, wag the agent and 1 attorney of several insurance companies. In 1872, he came to Winchester,

Ind., where he has since continued to reside, rising steadily in his profession. Since his arrival here, he has, at various times, been associated with several gentlemen in the practice. The firm of Watts & Marsh was formed in 1873, continuing one jear ; from 1874 to 1879, he was associated with A. GuUett, Esq., under tlie firm name of Marsh & Gullett, and from 187!) to the present time (1882) with Mr. W. A. Thompson, under the firm name of Thompson & M:ush. In 1876, Mr. Marsh was elected Prosecuting Attorney for the Twentyfifih .Judicial Circuit, a position which he filled with distinguished ability for two years. In 1878, during hia incumbency of this office, he was nominated by the Itcpublicans of this district, to represent them in the General Assembly of Indiana. Some doubt being expressed as to his eligibility to this office, in view of the fact that he then held a judicial position, he withdrew from the ticiiet, and Hon. E. L. Watson was substituted and elected. His personal popularity would undoubtedly have resulted in a large majority and a.triumphant election, had liis eligibility not been questioned. In 1880, he was felected to the State Senate on a contingmcy, which, however, did not arise. In the practice of his profession, he has met with well-merited success, and by his devotion to the tice, has established himself in the public confidence, and possesses the esteem and good will of good people of all parties. In the campaign of 1880, he toolt an active part, and did some eff-ectual work for the Republican cause, his addresses being distinguished by strength and solidity, logic and sound sense, carrying conviction to many who were wavering and undecided in their political faith. In social and private life, Capt. Marsh isesteemed for his manly qualities and gentlemanly bearing, and, with his estimable wife, shares the hearty esteem of a large circle of friends. He became a member of the Masonic fraternity at Seymour, Ind., and has taken all the degrees of the order, up to that of the Royal Arch. He has served as Worshipful Master of the lodge at Winchester for si.x years, his brethren having called him to continue service in that capacity at the expiration of each term.

CHARLES E. MAGEE was born March 6, 184G, at Dresden, Muskingum Co., Ohio. He removed to Zanesville, when five years old, remaining there for twelve years. At the age of seventeen years, he came to Winchester, lad., and learned the tinner's trade, at which he has ever since been engaged. In May, 1804, he enlisted in Company F, of the One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana Regiment, for a term of 100 days ; and in March, 18G5, enlisted in Company A, of the Eleventh Indiana Regiment, serving five months. In 1866, he opened a tin-shop on the west side of the public square, beginning on a small scale and working his way carefully along until his trade justified him in enlarging his stock. In 1868, he removed to his present location, on the north siile of the public square, and engaged in the sale of stoves, at the same time conducting quite an extensive trade in the manufacture of tin-ware, spouts, roofing, etc. Gradu.ally his business increased so that he found it necessary to employ mechanics to assist him, and is now, perhaps, the most extensive operator in his line, in Winchester. He is a thoroughgoing business man, and by his energy and perseverance has fairly solved the problem of success. He has depended upon himself from early childhood, and has thus acquired a large degree of self-reliance, which has been of great benefit to him in his struggle with the world. No one ever advanced him a dollar, or oifered him any substantial encouragement, and for whatever success he has achieved, he is indebted to his pluck and industry alone. He was married on the 0th of October, 1868, to Miss Sarali E., daughter of Joseph Edger, Ssq., of this county. By this union, they are the parents of one son - Harry E. In the social circle tliey are highly esteemed, and by all who know them, are regarded as estimable and worthy citizens. Mr. Magee is identified with the Odd Fellows fraternity, and in his political affiliations is an ardent Republican.

BENJAMIN F. MARSH was born October 1.5, 1853, near Greenfield, Hancock Co., Ind. His father, William Marsh, removed to that county, with his parents, at an early age, and was reared there, marrying Martha A. Chappie. He died when the subject of tliis sketch was but a child, and when the latter was fifteen years of age, his mother died. He was thus left largely upon his own resources, and though but a boy, began the battle of life alone. He came to Winchester and attended school for a year. By the year 1874, he had earned and saved enough money to pay liis way at college, and accordingly entered the University of Michignn at Ann Arbor, with the view of taking a full liternry course. Owing to failing health, however, he was compelled to abandon tliis plan, and returned to Winchester. He took up the vocation of school leaching, and for one term taught a country school. For the next four years he had charge of the graded schools at Lynn, in this county ; and during his incumbency of this position, as well as at a later date, he assisted in conducting the Summer Normal School at Winchester, with marked success, and in a manner to cause very beneficial results throughout the county. In 1880 and 1K81, he iiad charge of the South Ward School at Winchester, and in his capacity as Principal, gave the most pronounced satisfaction to the public, and conducted an excellent school. During all this time, he had been devoting his leisure hours to the study of the law, and on the 30th of April, 1881, was admilted to the bar. He formed partnership relations with S. A. Canada, and has ever since been engaged in the practice of his chosen profession. In April, 1882, he was elected Justice of the Peace by a flattering majority, and is now discharging the duties of his office. He is a young man of energy and industrious habits, and we join with his friends in the wish that lie may achieve success in the profession he has chosen. He is a member of the Winchester Lodce, Knights of Pythias, and in politics an enthusiastic Republican.

JOHN K. MARTIN, son of Elisha Martin, Sr., was born February 7, 1837, in Randolph County, Ind. His early life was passed on the home fann, the daily routine of duty being varied by occasional work in his father's brickyard. He received a common-school education, and, as he grew to manhood, adopted the manufacture of brick as his chosen vocation. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, Sixty-ninth Indiana Vounteer Infantry, and was immediately commissioned First Lieutenant of his company. Shortly after being sent to the field, his regiment participated in the battle of Richmond,

Ky., and was captured by the rebels. In this engagement, Lieutenant Martin was wounded in the right thigh by a minie ball. He was paroled with his regiment, and remained four weeks in the vicinity of the battle-ground, recovering to some extent from the effects of his injury. He was still too ill for duty, however, and with six comrades who had been wounded in the same engagement, started northward in a wagon, making a journey of 140 miles to the Ohio River. At Maysville, Ky., he embarked on a steamboat for Cincinnati, finally arriving at home, where he spent some time recovering his strength. At the October election of that year, he was too ill to walk to the polls, and was conveyed thither in a carriage ; but in the following December he rejoined his regiment at Indianapolis. At 'Memphis, he received another injury, but proceeded with his regiment to Vicksburg. He resigned his commission on the 13lh of January, 1863, and returned to his home. Shortly afterward, he was appointed United States Marshal for Randolph County. There was much unpleasant duty in connection with this office, but he never shrank from its performance, and was faithful to his trust. He also served as Marshal of the town of Winchester and as Justice of the Peace. After his return from the army, he resumed the manufacture of brick, in which he is still engaged, having built up a very satisfactory and extensive trade. He manufactured the brick for many of the principal buildings at Winchester, .among them being the court house and jail, the residence of Gen. A. Stone, the "Jack Ross House," and other public and private buildings throughout the county. He is energetic and enterprising in his business, adopting and testing various improved methods of manufacture, and is now using a machine capable of manufacturing from seven thousanu to ten thousand brick per day. In 186li, he made what is believed to have been the first drain-tile ever manufactured in the State of Indiana. He saw half of a piece of tile that had been brought from England, and at once made a mold, in which he made 200 rods of tiling, burning it in a brick kiln. He may be fairly considered the pioneer tile manufacturer of this county, and has kept pace with all the improvements in that art. His father and George W. Monks purchased a little tile machine about 1858, which was operated by hand, and John K. Martin used it for about two years. Subsequently, he purchased a Latourette horse-power machine, and afterward purchased improved machinery as it was placed in the market. He still has an interest in a tile factory, though not directly engaged in the manufacture. Mr. Martin has grown up in this community, and is widely known and highly respected. He is warm-hearted and charitable, and the friend of progress and improvement. In pofitics, he is a Republican, and a cordial and enthusiastic supporter of the principles of that party. He is an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the Knights of Honor. In the former order, he has passed tl-e degrees of the subordinate lodge, and is a member of the Encampment. He served ten years as Treasurer of the Odd Fellows society at Winchester, handling and disbursing large sums of money. He was married in 1858 to Miss Ann Eliza Quinn, daughter of Morrison Quinn, who now resides in Carroll County, Ind. Five children were the fruits of this union, all of whom now survive. Early in life, Mr. Martin developed a great fondness for poetry, and, in later years, composed several poems which have about them the stamp of true genius, and bear the evidences of a renne<l nature.

ELISHA MARTIN was born in Randolph County, Ind., in 184C, and all his life, with the exoption of a brief period, has been passed within the limits of this county. He attended the schools of early days, and by diligent and faithful study acquired a good practical education. His father was a farmer, and the son remained at home until twenty-six years of age, assisting him in the management and cultivation of the farm. When twenty-six years of age, he went to Union City, where, in partnership with his brother Oliver, he was engaged for about a year in the manufacture of brick. During the next year, he followed the same line of employment at various places, manufacturing about 600,000 brick that season, of which 400,000 were used in the construction of a schoolhouse at Camden, Jay Co., Ind., and 200,000 by Philip Shirling, four miles northeast of Winchester. For the next two years, he was engaged in the manufacture of drain-tile, then resumed the manufacture of brick, locating at Farmland. Returning to Winchester, he again engaged in the manufacture of tile, and was subsequently engaged in agricultural pursuits for three years ; he was afterward engaged alternately in the manufacture of brick and tile, and in the year last named, opened a restaurant on Main street, near the " Bee Line " depot. He is an energetic and industrious man, and is recognized by all who know him as a worthy and reliable citizen. His political affiliations

Ralph V. Murray

Ralph V. Murray was born December 4, 1841, in Henry County, Ind. He was reared on a farm, and acijuired a good common school education in boyhood. When only twenty years of age, he left home and friends to do his part in preserving the national integrity as a soldier in the Union army. He enlisted in August, 1861, in Company D, of the Thirty-sixth Indiana Infantry, serving three years. He participated in nil the battles in which his regiment was engaged, until the second day of thefightatChickainauga. On that day he received a severe gun-shot wound in the left elbow, in consequence of which he was confined to the hospital for nine months. Rejoining his regiment at the end of that time, he remained in the service until the expiration of his term of enlistment, and was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., in September, 1864. After the close of the war, he came to Randolph County, Ind., and for a while was engaged in photographing, at Farmland. Subsequently, however, he went to reside with his father, in Nettle Creek Township, the latter having removed to Randolph County during the war. After the close of the war, and until the fall of 1880, he wivs engaged chiefly in agricultural pursuits. In the spring of that year, he became the nominee of the Republican party for the office of Sheriff of Randolph County, and in the fall of that year was elected by an overwhelming m^ority. He assume^ the duties of his new position in 1881, and during his inoumbeno; h»s proved himself a faithful and efficient officer, performing his duties In a manner to reflect credit upon himself and afford satisfaction to the public. In March, 1866, Mr. Murray was united in marriage with Miss Frances J., daughter of Key. 0. P. Boyden. By this union they are the parents of five children, all of whom are now living to bless and cheer their home. By his faithful service in the army, and his upright, honorable life at home, Mr. Murray has gained many friends, among whom he is held in the highest esteem. He was one of the charter members of Nelson Trussler Post, O. A. R., and is an active member of that organization.

MOSES A. MILLS was bom November 15, 1861, in Wayne County, Ind. His father, John B. Mills, was also a native of that county, and was married there to Jane Loclce. He came to Randolph County, with his family, in 1867, and located on a farm in West River Township, where he still resides. Moses, the subject of this sketch, was reared on the home farm, attending school in the winter and assisting in the work of the farm during the remainder of the year. At the age of fifteen yean, he went to learn the blaolcsmith's trade, at which he is now engaged in Winchester. He was married, in March , 1870, to Miss Sarah Huston, daughter of David M. Huston, an eariy settler of White River Township. By this union they are the parents of three children, vii., Orla A., Bertha A. and Inei P. Mr. Mills is an honest, industrious man, and enjoys the respect of the community in which he resides.

JOHN NEFF, late of Winchester, was bom near Harrisburg, Penn., In the year 1770. While a boy, he learned and was employed at the carpenter's trade. When he grew up to manhood, he removed to Virginia, where he was united in marriage to Miss Susannah Gray. Having conceived very strong anti-slavery lentiments, he decided to quit the Old Dominion and try his fortune in the free but then little-known West, and accordingly, in 1806, removed to Cincinnati, Ohio. A few months subsequent, ho entered 160 acres of land near the present city of Eaton, Ohio, to which he removed his family. Not having any house, he split some boards and covered his goods, to shelter them from the weather, until be could erect a cabin. He had no neighbors within easy reach, and was really one of the pioneers of that region. He cleared and brought under cultivation quite a handsome farm, and remained upon it until 1833, when he removed with his family to Randolph County, Ind., buying first the John Eltzroth fkrm, adjoining on the north the farm now used for asylum purposes, and afterward 100 acres a(^joining Winchester, at which latter place he died in 1855, at the advanced age of eighty-five years, his wife having preceded him in 1852, at the age of seventy-aii. Mr. and Mrs. Neff were the parents of eleven children, five boys and six girls, and when the youngest (Col. H. H. Neff), was forty years old, the ftimlly circle was yet unbroken by death. Six of the eleven children yet survive, in the enjoyment of reasonable good health. Mr. Neff voted for Washington in 1793, for Jefferson, Madison, .Monroe, J. Q. Adams, Henry Clay, etc., and was a prominent Whig during all the latter part of his life. In religious persuasion, he was a Presbyterian. He never held an office, though active in political matters. He was a Captain in the militia, though never in active service. By industry, he aooumulated a comfortable fortune for that day, and always occupied a high position in the estimation of his neighbors and friends. Five of six surviving children live In Winchester, and have always been among her most valued citizens.

John Neff, WinchesUr, Ind., son of John Neff, 8r., was born in Preble County, Ohio, March 4, 1818, the day of the second inauguration of President Madison. His opportunities for obtaining school education were very limited, having to walk three miles to attend the brief terms of that early day. He learned to read in the spelling book and Testament. At the age of seventeen, he began to learn printing at Eaton, Ohio; one year after, he worked at Centerville, Ind., and subsequently, was engaged at the same business at Liberty, Ind. He then returned to Eaton, Ohio, where he engaged as salesman in a general supply store for three years^ In 1837, he married Miss Harriet N. Holmes, a native of Pennsylvania, a lady of most excellent character, who is, in every way, a worthy companion. They are the parents of four children, two of whom are living. In 1«89, Mr. Neff removed to Winchester, and was engaged isfaotory manner one term. Shortly after the expiration of his officia was commissioned Captain in the volunteer service in the war with Mexico. Capt. Neff was stationed at St. Louis, Mo., and engaged In forwarding supplies and attending as one of the executive officers to the support of the army in the field, in which capacity he performed valuable service. After the close of the Mexican war, he was honorably discharged and returned to Winchester, whore he was again engaged in the grocery business for three years ; he then engaged in the grain trade, a pursuit in which he has continued for over thirty years. Throngh his long and honorable career, he has ever been active, energetic and feirly successful, commanding the respect and consideration of his fellow-citizens. In politics, Mr. Neff is a conservative Democrat, though never engaged in political wrangles. In his religious connections, a Presbyterian, though extending ftiU consideration to all evangelical churches. He belongs to all departments of the Masonic order, and takes high rank among the membership of that ancient and honorable order. He is one of the two surviving charter members of Winchester Lodge, No. 56, F. & A. M.

John Ends Nbfp, son of the above worthy couple, John and Harriet N. Neff, was born in Winchester October 26, 1846. John Enos was educated in the public schools of his native town, and, for a time, attended the State University at Bloomington. He studied law with Gen. Tom Browne ; was admitted to the bar, and began the practice in his native county. He was a member of the One Hundred and Thirty-fonrth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in what was known as the "hundred days service," being at that time only eighteen years old. In 1872, he received the nomination from the Democratlo party for Congress In his district, then represented by that veteran Conan. Gen. J. P. C. Shanks. He at once engaged In a gallant and enthusl- of his party's views on National and State policy. The election was so close that ho, in common with many of his friends, believed he was elected by asmall majority, but it was decided against him by a Republican Congress. He at least enjoyed the high reputation gained in the canvass, and the satisfaction of reducing a large adverse miyorily to the smallest possible site. His defeat, under the circumstances, rather increased than diminished his popularity, and, in 1874 he was elected Secretary of State for the State of Indianii, to which position he was re-elected in 1876, discharging the important trust with marked ability and satisfaction to all parties. Since the expiration of his official term, he has been engaged in the practice of law in Winchester, and is, at this time, in partnership with Col. Martin B. Miller. It is rare that one so young as he has been called to fill positions of so great trust, but the universal satisfaction Ich he has discharged every duty devolving upon him, and h a wider field fi ies. He is not a member of any church, and is ligious questions. He is a Mason - a member of Winchester Lodge, No. 66, and Randolph Royal Aroh Chapter, No. 35, and takes high rank among the brotherhood.

Col. H. H. Neff

COL. H. H. NEFF. Henry H. Neff has long been a prominent citizen and active business man of Winchester, and one of the most energetic workers In its public enterprises. He was bom June 6, 1816, near F.ftton, Preble Co., Ohio. His father, John Neff, Sr., was a native of Pennsylvania, and the descendant of German ancestors. His mother, whose maiden name was Susanna Gray, was a native of Virginia. Henry remained at home until seventeen years of age, acquiring at the common schools a good English education. In the fall of 1832, he went to Eaton, in company with his brother John, to learn the printer's trade, under the in.structlon of Dr. F. A. Cunningliam and John Vanauadal, Esq., remaining until the spring of 1884. His employers sold out at that time, and he went to Connersville, Ind., and engaged with Matthew R. Hull, who afterward became famous as a radical anti-slavery and temperance advocate. Ho was at that time publisher of the Indiana Smtinet, a sterling Whig paper, and Mr. Neff was one of his assistants for about a year. He was subsequently employed in the office of the Herald, at Liberty, Union Co., Ind. While at the latter place, his health failed, and he was taken home by his father to Winchester, Ind. He remained at home until his health was restored, and in July, 1838, accepted an engagement with Thomas Tigar, editor of the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Sentinel, remaining in his employ for eighteen months, during a part of which time he was foreman of the office. Mr. Tigar finally sold the establishment to George W. Wood, in whose employ Mr. Neff remained until 1838. In that year, he returned to Winchester, Ind,, and engaged in the retail grocery trade. In the following year, he embarked in the drug trade with Dr. Robert Woody, at Winchester, and continued in this business for four years. On October 22, 1843, he issued the first number of the Winchester Patriot, the first newspaper ever published in Randolph County. He continued the publication of the Patriot with marked success for four years, selling the office at that time in order to give his time fully to his duties as the Representative from this county in the Slate Legislature, to which he was elected in 1847. The Indianapolis & Bellefontaine Railway was then projected, and he became a candidate for this position, with the view of doing his utmost to aid in securing the charier for that road. At the expiration of his official term, however, he purchased the paper from its new proprietors, and resumed its management. In 1860, he received the appointment of Deputy United States Marshal, to take the ceiMus of Randolph County. He performed the duty alone, except in the township of Nettle Creek, which was canvassed by Thomas W. Reeoe, Esq., completing the labor and making n full return within the six months allotted bylaw. In 1852, he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court for Randolph County, and at that time made a final sale of the Patriot office. During that campaign, there were three parties in the field with candidates, The Democrats had been in the ascendancy, and the Free-Soil element greatly weakened the strength of the Whigs. Mr. Neff was the candidate of the latter party, and was the only one elected on that ticket at that election, his majority being 248. In 1866, by the unanimous voice of the convention, he was again the candidate for this office, and was elected by a majority of 900. The office was no sinecure, and faithful and arduous work marked the entire period of his incumbency. He retired from the oflioe after a service of eight years, and removed to a farm south of Winchester. Shortly afterward, however, he returned to this place, and embarked in the grain trade with his son-in-law, Mr, Teal. In 1863, he went with a herd of cattle to the prairies of Champaign County, 111., and during the summer of that year was engaged in watching them and preparing them for market. Upon his return, he was urged by Gov. Morton to assist in raising a regiment for the Uniterl States service for the suppression of the rebellion. He entered enthusiastically into this work, and was commissioned Captain of Company G, of thft One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Regiment, The organisation of the regiof Major, The regiment was assigned to the Twenty-third Army Corps, under Gen. Sohofield, leaving Indianapolis in March, 1804, and proceeding to Nashville. They were sent to the front, and took part in the Atlanta campaign, under Gen. Sherman, but instead of accompanying him on the march to the sea, they were ordered back to Nashville. They participated in the fight at Columbia, Tenn., and in the battles of Franklin and Nashville. After the terrible conflict at Franklin, they marched te Nashville in the night, reaching that place at daylight on the following morning. They had been on duty two days and two nights without sleep, and many of their number fell by the roadside from sheer exhaustion. They pursued the rebel Gen. Hood as far as Columbia, Tenn., after which they were recalled, and ordered to Washington City. On February 22. 1865, they embarked in an ocean steamer for North Carolina, landing at Beaufort, and march to Nowbern and Raleigh to join Gen. Sherman's advancing columns. They were engaged in the battle of

Wise's Fork, near Kingston, N. C, from the 8th to the 10th of March, 1865. At this battle, Col. Neff was bereaved of his son, Capt. J. L. Ncff, who fell in the conflict, pierced by an enemy's bullet. He was conveyed to his home by his father and interred in the cemetery ftt Winchester, amid the tears and him as a noble young man. His father had been commissioned Lieutenant the son, returned to perform his duty as a mmand to Greensboro and Charlotte, but in ion and returned to Winchester. From that igaged in the lumber business at Winchester, first as a partner with his son-in-law, Mr. Teal, in the black walnut timber trade, this relation existing for four or five years. In 1871, he became the senior member of the firm of Netf, Teal & Fisher, dealers in pine lumber. This firm was dissolved in 1879, and in June, 1880, Col. Neff became the agent at this point for the firm of Osterhaut& Fox, lumber dealers, of Grand Rapids, Mich. In the fall of 1881, he was chosen President of the Winchester Wagon Works and Manufacturing Company, in which capacity he still continues to act. lie has always taken a leading and active part in the business interests of the town of Winchester, and hns expended both time and money to promote the welfare of the town and county. The " Bee Line " railroad probably had not a more active friend along the line of its proposed route, when projected as t)ie " Indianapolis & Bellefontaine " Railway. He was quick to perceive the advantages that must accrue to this county through the possession of such a road, and labored long and earnestly to further the success of the project. As a member of the Legislature, he used all his influence to secure a charter for the road, and as a private citizen he exerted his powers to enlist the sympathy and co-operation of his neighbors throughout the county. When the present Dayton & Union Railroad was projected, he made a strong effort to have the road continued to Winchester, making this town its western terminus, convinced that such an event would have added an impetus and life to the town, and mtde it an important center of manufacture and commerce. By his long residence at Winchester, and his active association with its public enterprises, he has become widely known and very popular throughout the county. In fact, this was true of him when a young man ; for in 1841, when only twenty-six years of age, he was Independent Whig candidate for Auditor of Randolph County, and although there were three aspirants in the field besides himself, his personal popularity nearly erected him. Mr. Eaton, the regular Democratic nominee, was the sucsessful candidate, leading Mr. Neff- by only fourteen votes. He was always an active politician, and was the first to propose and advocate the method now iu vogue of nominating candidates by " primary elections." He was always an earnest advocate of temperance, and an earnest worker in the cause. He was a member of the Washingtonian Society, and a charter member of the first lodge of the Sons of Temperance organized at Winchester. In 1845, he was " made a Mason," and is still in active fellowship with the order. He has passed the various stations of the lodge, and is a member of the Royal Arch degree, as well as the Commandery. Since 1843, he has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his life has been consistent with his profession. In private and public life, among all who know him, be is esteemed as a man of honor and high principle, true to his friends, and generous to those who diS'er from him. He has been twice married. First, in 1839, to Miss Elizabeth Carr, daughter of John Carr, a highly respected citizen of Rush County, lud. By this union they were the parents of four children. In 1862, his wife died, and three years later he married Miss Margaret, daughter of William Mitchell. Her father was a prominent business man of Wayne County, Ind., and later of Peru, Ind. His daughter is a lady of superior accomplishments and wifely qualities, and a general favorite in the social circle. Their wedded life has been blessed by two sons and two daughters. The latter are both living, but the sons are deceased. Col. Neff and his worthy companion are d hospitality have won them many

Capt. James L. Neff

CAPT. JAMES L. NEFF. James Lawrence NefT, son of Henry H. and Elizabeth (Carr) Neff, was born October 24, 1846, at Winchester, Ind. He attended school in the seminary at this place, where he acquired a good primary education. In 1861, he entered the Northwestern University, at Indianapolis, where he remained one year. At the end of that time he entered the State University, at Bloomington, Ind., remaining until the holiday season of 1863. During that vacation, he returned his regiment at Camp Wayne, near Richmond, Ind. While visiting the camp, he organized a company for the service, which beciime Company II, of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, and of which he was at once elected Captain. In hia school life, from first to last, he manifested talents of a superior order, and always ranked with the best of his class-mates. He was a young man of bright mind, and doubtless would have become an ornament to society in a professional career had not the war changed his purposes for the time, and led him to abandon his studies, to throw into the conflict for the maintenance of National integrity all the enthusiasm .and valor of his young life. It was his purpose to resume his studies when the peril that menaced the Union should have passed, and order and peace restored. But in the struggle he yielded up his life, a sacrifice to patrioti.Hni, and his spirit winged its flight from the gory field of Kingston, leaving to his friends and relatives only a memory of a noble, though brief, career. He was mustered in as Captain in February, 1864, and at once took charge of the company, drilled and equipped it, and in the following month went to the front. He was with his regiment in all the battles of the Atlanta campaign, and in the terrible conflicts of Franklin and Nashville, Tenn., and under his dauntless leadership his company acquitted themselves nobly iu every enga^rement. At the battle of Wise's Fork, near Kingston, N. C, Capt. Neff fell at his post, pierced by a ball from a rebel rifle. Earlier in the fight a rainie Ijnll had struck him, producing he head of his company, leading them in the charge until he received tl wound that proved instantly faUl. On the day of his death he had bee ippointed Oflicer of the Day, having charge of the brigade skirmish-lin (Vt about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, just before the rebels fell bock, I ivas advancing his skirmish line, when he received his death v and to him fond parents and loving sisters had looked up, with happy anticipations of a bright career, when " war's grim labor" should no longer hold him from the pursuits to which he aspired. These hopes and aspirations were buried with him in the soldier's grave. Instances are rare in which a mere boy is intrusted with the command of a company, and his case, perhaps, had not a parallel in the army. Ho was only eighteen years old when he took charge of the company, yet he disohai-ged the duties of his position with the ability and intelligence of a man of mature years, and was the recognized equal and associate of officers who had grown gray in the service. His fellowofficers felt his loss deeply, and at a meeting held on camp on the field, near Mosely Hill, N. C, on the 28th of March, 1865, passed a series of appropriate and touching resolutions, of which the following is an extract:

'-Resolved, That in the death of Capt. J. L. Ncff, Company H, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteers, who was killed while leading his men in the charge against the enemy at Wise's forks, N. C, on the 10th of March, 1865, we have sustained an irreparable loss. He was brave, courteous and excellent in all that constitutes a good soldier; and althi cupy the position he did, he exhibited in the performance of beyond his years. It is the will of Divine Providence that him in the spring-time of life, with a promising future to himself, and the pride of a doting father and friends, but we rejoice to know that he was a sacrifice to his country, and that he fell in the face of the enemy, bravely leading his men to victory."

Upon the reception of the news of his death, the members of the Philomathean Society of Indiana University met in their hall to do honor to his memory, and passed the following resolutions :

" Wheheas, We are informed of the sad intelligence of the death of our late esteemed brother, Capt. James L. Neff, of the One Hundred and Twentyfourth Indiana Regiment, who fell at the battle of K'ngston, N. C, and

" Whereas, While we humbly bow before the Divine decree, we cannot refrain from sorely lamenting, with feelings of grief and lasting regret, the loss of so noble and patriotic a brother. Therefore, be it

"Re.iob'ed, That while we lament the death of oue so universally beloved and honored, we rejoice in the belief that he is now in a happier land, and enjoying the rewards bestowed upon the virtuous, the true and the brave.

Wherever he was known he was equally well esteemed. He possessed the faculty of making friends, and by his frank, honorable nature, drew to himself the affectionate regard of all with whom he was associated. At a re-union of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment, held at Winchester, October 28, 1878, under the management of Col. H. H. Neff and Capt. Asa Teal, an original poem was delivered by Samuel C. Crane, referring in touching lines to the sad fate of the young Captain. Mr. Crane, who served as a private soldier, was woundo<l in the same battle in which Capt. Neff was killed, am! his poem in memory of the young soldier is an eloquent reminder of the high re gard in which lie was held, and the universal mourning that surrounded his death. Thirteen years had elapsed, and still the memory of his noble life and gallant death was fresh in the hearts of his comrades, as it will continue to be until they, too, have joined him in that land beyond the grave. We select from the poem those stanzas relating more directly to Capt. Neff: hat he lacked in age ; Could look, with cheek unblanched, on fields of blood. Or smile in triumph 'mid fierce battle's rage, is name on Glory's deathless page.

Source changes here: from Past and Present of Randolph County, Indiana : with Biographical Sketches of Representative Citizens and Genealogical Records of Many of the Old Families, by Smith, John L., Writer on Local History, published 1914; 479 words in this source stream.

White River Township

White River is located one mile northeast of Winchester and was organized about 1820. The chief families, in its organization were Benjamin Cox, John Wright, Jonathan Hiatt, Simon Cox, Thomas Ward and Joseph Moffett.

Cherry Grove

The first house was built of logs and -stood just south of the present building where the old school house used to stand. The second building was frame and was built upon the present site in 1838. That building was burned in 1856 and was followed by the present one which was built in 1857.

Dunkirk

The first meeting house was erected in 1822 and was built of logs with puncheon floor and earthen fire-place in the middle of the floor without any chimney, the smoke escaping through the opening in middle of the house.