Wright County, Minnesota - Biographical sketches (2 of 2 so headed), 1915 (part 5 of 9)

Adam Horsch, man of affairs, living in Delano, was born in Franklin township, this county, May 9, 1860, son of Jacob and Elizabeth Horsch, the pioneers. He attended the district schools and was reared to farm pursuits and is now the owner of the old homestead. In 1892 he came to Delano, erected lumber yards and sheds and engaged in the lumber business. Beginning on a small scale, his industry, honest dealing and genial temperament caused the business to increase rapidly. Soon he was dealing on a large scale in all kinds of building supplies and fuel. In 1909 he sold out to the Midland Lumber & Coal Company. Then he engaged for two years in the automobile business. Since he sold out in 1912 he has devoted his time to looking after his extensive interests and holdings. He resides in one of the finest residences in the village of Delano. It was erected in 1901, and is a model village home in every particular. Jlr. Horsch has intimately identified himself with the life of Delano. He has been a member of the village council twelve years, and president four different terms. He has also served thirteen years on the school board, ten years of which he has been president. The M. W. A. lodge finds him a valuable member. Among his other business interests may be mentioned the fact that he is a stockholder and director in the State Bank of Delano. The family faith is that of the Lutheran church. Mr. Hoi-sch was married March 2, 1897, to Marj^ Wildele, and they have seven children : Caroline, Margaret, Edmund, George, Veronica, Isabelle and Carl.

Jacob Horsch, one of those early settlers whose courage, industry and taitli liad so important a part in the developing of Wright county, was born in Baden, Germany, November 11, 1825, and there received his early education. It was in 1853 that he came to America and located in Bordentown, N. J. In that town he was married, August 21, 1853, to Elizabeth Ehrmann, who was born in Baden, Germany, September 3, 1831, and came to America the same year that he did. In 1854 they removed to Chicago, and there lived four years. From October, 1858, dates their residence in this county. In that month they came to Franklin township and took a homestead of eighty acres in section 4, Franklin township. Tliis tract was covered with brush and trees and untouched by the hand of man. They built a log house and a log barn, broke and "grubbed" the land, and underwent all the hardships incident to pioneer life. As time passed, their hard work received its reward, and they became prosperous and influential members of the community. A good frame hoiise and roomy outbuildings took the place of the original log structures, and the farm became one of the best in the neighborhood. Jacob Horsch served in Company E, Second Minnesota Volunteer Infantry during the Civil war. He and his wife both died on the home farm, he March 22, 1899, and she May 7, 1903. Mr. Horsch was a sincere friend of education. He helped to build the first schoolhouse in his district, and served on the school board for many years. Mr. and Mrs. Horsch were the parents of ten children: Caroline (deceased), Rosa, of Delano; Jacob, Jr., of Franklin township ; Adam, of Delano ; Elizabeth, wife of William Pagenkopf, of ilaple Plain, Hennepin coimty; Amelia, wife of Henry Schwerin. of Echo, Minn. ; Andrew, of Franklin township, and George, of Delano. Two others are deceased.

Fred L. Brandes. Probably few people in the county enjoy a more general popularity than Fred Brandes, the genial and capable city recorder of Delano. His sterling worth, his undoubted ability and his accommodating spirit have won for him a place in the esteem and affection of his fellows that few

Angus McEachern, St., veteran of the Civil war and retired farmer, now living in Delano village, was born in Nova Scotia, Canada, December 25, 1829, son of John and Sarah (Smith) McEachern, who spent the span of their years in Nova Scotia, where the family earned a livelihood by farming and fishing. In the home of these worthy people there were three sons, Alexander, Renald and Angns. Renald was one of the heroes of the Civil war, serving throughout the entire period of that conflict. Alexander was drowned in the St. Johns river, in his native province. Angus started out in 1852, and came to the United States, taking up his headquarters at Bolton, Me., and working for several years in the lumber camps. In 1856 he came to Minnesota and engaged in the lumber business in partnership with Isaac Staples. It was in the spring of 1858 that he came to Wright county, and took eighty acres of railroad land in the west half of the northwest quarter of section 5, Buffalo township. This tract was covered with heavy timber, there were no roads leading to it, and only narrow trails connected it with Buffalo and Monticello. It was two j^ears before he obtained an ox team. He built a log cabin, and got in his first crops with the aid of an axe and a "grub" hoe. During the spring and winter seasons he still worked at lumbering in the woods and on the river "drives." At the height of the Indian fright he took his family and fled to Monticello, where for sixty days, while his family were safe in the stockade, he served on guard duty with the State Scouts. Later he enlisted in Company B, Eleventh Minnesota Volunteer Infantry and served a year with the Army of the Tennessee. At the close of the war he returned to the farm and continued its development. About 1904 he retired and moved to Delano, where he now lives. Mr. McEachern was married in 1858 to Eliza Hopkins, who died in 1910, at the age of seventy-eight. In the family there were eight children : Mary, Renald, Angus, John, Hugh, Alexander, George and Archie. The family faith is that of the Catholic church.

Philip Martin, of Delano, Avhose fame as a raiser of ginseng has been widespread, was born in Athens county, Ohio, January 17, 1837, son of James and Hannah (Coon) Martin, the former of English and the latter of German descent. The parents were married in Ohio, and reared a family of twelve children. From Ohio they moved to Illinois, and from there in 1857 they came to Minnesota, arriving in Minneapolis July 4, and then taking a homestead in Franklin township. Philip Martin located on 160 acres in section 22, Franklin township. The land was covered with woods; no roads had been built to the place. Mr. Martin erected a log cabin and sowed wheat around the stumps of the trees that he cut down. When he needed supplies he drove with an ox team to Minneapolis, fording streams and picking his way through the swamps and along the trails. July 26, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Second Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, the famous "Bloody Second," went south with that regiment, and took part in all its heroic marches, battles, skirmishes and engagements. At the close of the war he returned to his claim. In the years that have passed since then he has continued farming on the old homestead, a part of which he still occupies. For some time past he has made a specialty of raising ginseng, a venture at which he has been very successful. His neat and orderly beds receive the best of care, and the enterprise has attracted much favorable attention. Mr. Martin has never sought public office, but has done good service as justice of the peace. His fraternal affiliations are with the Watertown Lodge, A. F. & A. M., which he joined in 1865. Mr. Martin was married in 1867 to Caroline Osmer, of Indiana. She lived only a few years after their marriage, and upon her death left two children, Charles and Josie (deceased). Later he married Minnie Lisle, who has proved a capable and sympathetic companion. They have three children, James, Anna and Adelle.

Jacob Rader, a pioneer, was born in Pennsylvania, son of George and Mary Rader, both natives of that state and descended from German ancestry. The children in the family were George, John, Jacob, Henry and Mary. When the War of 1812 broke out Jacob was too young to serve as a soldier, but was finally accepted as a drummer boy. In this capacity his courage was highly commended. When he was older he joined the militia. He came westward to Ohio, married, and then moved to Rush county, Indiana. From there he went to Knox county, in the same state, and thence to Illinois. In 1856 he came up the river to St. Paul, arriving at that city April 18. He took up his residence at Shakopee, and from there went into the rural districts of Hennepin county. In his latter years he retired. Jacob Rader married Eve Treese, and they had eight children, Lewis, William, John, George, Adam, Washington, Jane and Nancy. Jacob Rader and his wife both died in Hennepin county.

Washington Rader, of Delano, a veteran of the Civil war, and a venerable citizen, was born in Rush county, Indiana, June 17, 1832, son of Jacob and Eve (Treese) Rader. He was reared in Indiana and Illinois and came to Minnesota in 1856. In Independence, Hennepin county, he found a claim to his liking, and there settled on 160 acres covered with wood. Fortunately a road led by tlie claim, but there were seasons of the year when it was hardly possible to make use of the thoroughfares as they then existed. Mr. Rader erected a log cabin and with a team of horses and a pair of mules started to clear the land. Thus for several years he continued to improve the place. February 24, 1864, he enlisted in Company I, Second Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, and was sent south to join the Army of the Cumberland. He saw much active service, was with Sherman on his Mareli to the Sea, and participated in the Grand Review at Washington. Ho was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., and returned to his farm. He retired about 1893 and moved to Delano, where they have since continued to live. He joined the Masons in 1866, when he became a member of Watertown Lodge, No. 50, A. F. & A. M. He is now a member of Rockford Lodge, No. 62, of the same order. Mr. Rader was married in Illinois, in 1854, to Ann Burnett, a native of England, and they had iive children : Winfield, Thomas, Abbie, John and Bell. In February, 1882, Mr. Rader married Harriett C. McKinley, an early school teacher in district 41, Rockford township. She was born in Beaver, Pa., January 10, 1852, daughter of William and Ruth (Powers) McKinley. By this marriage Mr. Rader had one child, Blanche, who died at the age of twenty-four. She had married Mark Williams, a Minneapolis druggist, and left one child, Emerson, born in 1905. By a previous marriage, Mrs. Harriett C. (McKinley) Rader had three children : ]\Iattie B., Guy D. and Allie. Her first husband was John IMurphy, who was born in Wright county, son of James and Hannah Murphy, who came from Illinois and settled in Franklin township in the early days. John Murphy was married in 1872 to Harriett C. McKinley. He died in 1879 at the age of thirty-three. Mattie B. Murphy is the wife of Thomas Rader, and they have two children. Vera and Clarence McKinley. Guy D. Murphy lives in Murdock, Minn. Allie Murphy is dead. She married Charles McDonnell, and left two bright boys, Russell and Gordon.

William McKinley, veteran and pioneer, was born in Ireland. At the age of nine years he started out for himself, and without a penny in his pocket worked his way across the ocean to join his brother, Thomas, in Pennsylvania. Here he grew to manhood, and in time married his brother's wife's sister. In April, 1857. he arrived in Minnesota with his wife and his four children, Matilda, Malissa Isabelle, Harriett C. and Emma. They located on 160 acres of wild woodland a mile north of what is now Delano, in Franklin township. Mr. McKinley erected a log house and with an ox team started to clear the land. When supplies were needed a four-day trip to Minneapolis was necessary. Sometimes, however, goods could be purchased at the little store of Adam Korn, at Greenwood. When the second of the two Indian panics came the family was just ready to harvest the first wheat crop. The mother tied up the bedding, and the oxen stood at the door ready to bear the family to one of the settlements. But the mother then said : ' ' This little cabin and clearing, these few goods, are all we have. God can keep us here as well as anywhere." So they did not fiee that day, though they were afraid to stay in the cabin and slept that night in the willows. The next day a neighbor came with news of the Dustiu massacre. Then Mr. McKinley placed his wife and the three children in the boat, and as they did not dare paddle or make a noise of any kind, they floated down the river to Greenwood, while he walked along the bank on the lookout for hostile Indians. Two days later the family returned. At one time Emma and Harriett G. were at home with the mother when at sunrise she started out looking for the cows. At sundown she had not returned. Having lost her way, she had wandered around and around in a circle and was entirely bewildered. Finally, after dark, she crawled out on a log which overhung the river, and cried for help. Sylvester Frederick heard her cries and came to her rescue with a boat. Often the family were without flour. Sometimes they were glad to even get some corn to grate up for meal. As the j^ears passed, however, times improved. In August, 1864, William McKinley enlisted in the Eleventh Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, serving until the close of the war. Then he returned and resumed his work on the farm. He was one of the early members of Rockford Lodge, No. 62, A. F. & A. M. After a long and useful life he died in 1897 at the age of seventy-six. Mr. McKinley married Ruth Powers, born in Pennsylvania, September 13, 1826, daughter of James and Ruth Powers. The other cliildren in the family were Thornton, Fletcher, Harriett, Malissa and Caroline.

RoUando M. Walter, veterinary surgeon of Delano, was born in Belleplaiue, Scott county, September 2, 1855, a sou of A. B. and Hannah (Rolf) Walter. He was the first child born in that township. A. B. Walter was one of the founders of Minnesota. He was born in Indiana, and there married Hannah Rolf, a native of New Jersey. In 1852 he brought his wife and his two children, Nora C. and Costello, to Minnesota, and secured 160 acres of prairie land embracing the present village of Belleplaiue. He was a physician by profession, but from his early youth he had wished to owu land, and when Minnesota was opened to settlement he saw his opportunity for realizing his long-cherished dream. When he arrived, Minnesota had already been admitted as a territory and several settlements had sprung up, but the part of the state in which he settled was still overrun with Indians, and the few whites there were Frenchmen from Canada, or halfbreed descendants of the early traders. He erected a log house, broke the land, and began farming operations. He still continued his practice as a physician, and often he rode to his patients fifty miles away, going on horseback and picking his way along Indian trails, through swamps, and over creeks and rivers. He helped to organize the township and was one of its first officers. He also helped to organize the Christian church at Belleplaiue. After a long and useful life filled with good works he died at the age of seventy-four. His wife died at the age of seventy-three. The children born in Minnesota were Rollando M., Alice and Dora. Rollando M. Walter was the only boy in the family. He attended the schools of Belleplaine, and also the JMinneapolis high school. Later he graduated from the Kansas City Veterinary School. In order to perfect himself more thoroughly in chemistry, he clerked for a while in a drugstore in Minneapolis. Then he practiced his profession in southwestern Kansas, Colorado and Oklahoma. For five years he raised and dealt in high-grade horses. In 18S2 he came to Delano and opened an office, and has since remained in practice here. A thorough master of his profession, a lover of animals, and a man of the most humane instincts, he has made himself popular for many miles around. He has done good work as health ofticer, and as a justice of the peace for the past twenty-two years he has been noted for his fairness and sound judgment. For several terms he has been a member of the schoolboard. He belongs both to the Masons and the Odd Fellows. Mr. Walter was married in 1882 to Minnie B. Knott, a native of Carver county, and daughter of Thomas and Eunice (Sweet) Knott. Mr. and Mrs. Walter have four children: Rollando B., a mining engineer, and a graduate fi-om the University of Minnesota ; Leslie Earl, who is a foreman in the smelting works at Butte, Mont. ; Clyde, who is employed by the Great Northern, and Claire A., a teacher and a graduate from the Mankato State Normal School. Thomas Knott was born in Ireland and his wife in Canada. The}' were married in Canada and came to Minnesota in the fifties. He died in 1906 at the age of seventyeight. The children in the family were : George, Henry, Walter, Minnie, Lillie, William, John and Elizabeth.

Peter Welker, the pioneer, was born in Ohio, August 18, 1818, son of John Welker, who had moved from Pennsylvania and settled in Clark county, Ohio. The family is of German descent, the American branch dating back previous to the Revolution. Peter Welker was reared in Clark county, Ohio, and was there married in 1840 to Eleanor Creamer, a native of New York. They moved from Ohio to Cumberland county, Illinois, and there he followed his trade as a blacksmith and also did considerable farming. In the spring of 1857 the family consisted of Peter Welker and his wife, with their six children, Judson, Atwood, Clarine, Darwin, Eliza and Harvey. This little party set out for the Northwest with the household goods and a few cattle, their wagons being dra^vn by oxen and mules. After a long, hazardous trip of eight weeks they camped on the edge of Carver county, Minnesota, on the night of July 6. July 11 they reached Wright county. Following the trail through the wild woods along the section line, they reached a claim in section 25, Franklin township. This claim, consisting of 160 acres, they purchased for

$2.50 an acre. They erected a log cabin, and started their life in the wilderness, surrounded by trees, brush and mosquitoes. Supplies were obtained by going to St. Paul, a journey not at all easy to make in those days when the country was first being opened. Peter Welker had left his blacksmith tools in Illinois, and he had some diificulty in getting any in St. Paul. But in the spring of 1858 he managed to get a shop set up, and in this he made the first plow ever manufactured in Wright county. He made ginseng hooks for all the early settlers, and even dug a considerable quantity of that root for himself. He made the first pair of "bobs" in the county. Previous to that the pioneers had used log sleds. He purchased the first kettles moulded in Minneapolis. They had a capacity of thirty-two gallons each and were for the purpose of boiling maple sap. Later he secured a potash kettle having a capacity of 120 gallons. This kettle and the first plow made are still in the possession of the family. After a time Mr. Welker sold part of his 160 acres. In 1872 he built a frame house. In 1883, after the death of his wife on August 23, at the age of sixty-four, he returned to Illinois. He then divided his time between Minnesota and Illinois until October, 1895, when he settled permanently in the latter state. He died at Wheeler, 111., February 7, 1906. For his second wife he had married, in 1884, Elizabeth Davis, by whom he had three children, Clarence, George and Frank, born in Minnesota, and Hattie, born in Illinois. Mr. Welker was a prominent man, and held the ofSce of supervisor in Franklin township for many years.

Atwood Welker, a respected citizen now living in Delano, was born in Cumberland county, Illinois, October 7, 1843, son of Peter and Eleanor (Creamer) Welker, the pioneers. He attended the district schools in his native county, and was thirteen years old when his parents brought him to this county. Here he attended two terms of three months each, in an old log schoolhouse in Franklin to\\^^ship. As he grew to manhood, he decided upon agriculture as his future occupation. August 8, 1864, he enlisted at Ft. Suelling in Co. G, Second Minnesota Cavalry, and did service in the Northwest against the Indians. He was mustered out August 11, 1865. After the war he located on a farm and started on his own responsibility. This tract consisted of twenty acres of wild land which he cleared. In 1868 he secured an ad.ioining tract of ninety-three acres of school land in section 36. He erected a frame house, cleared up the land, and as time passed developed a most excellent place. Here he and his good wife toiled for many years. In March, 1913, they retired and moved to Delano, where they now reside. Mr. Welker early became a prominent man in his township, and took part in many public movements. lie was on the town board for several terms, and president of the Lyndale Creamery Asso- ciation for eighteen years. He belongs to the Odd Fellows at Delano, and the G. A. R. at Maple Plain. In the days of the Grange he was a most enhusiastie worker in that caixse.

January 1, 1872, Mr. Welker married Mary Alice Wright, born in Erie county, Penn., August 8, 1851, daughter of Clark A. and Myra (Woolsey) Wright. To this union have been born five children : Hittie E., Edwin A., Rolland J., Mary, and David E. Hittie E., was born December 18, 1872, and died August 29, 1875. Edwin A. was born January 24, 1875, married Minnie Zieroth, and lives on the original farm of his grandfather, Peter Welker, the pioneer. Rolland J. was born August 24, 1877, married Mattie Low, and lives in Delano. Mary was born December 15, 1879, and married Edward Pickruhn, of Cokato. David was born January 5, 1883, married Clara Frank, and operates his father's farm.

Clark A. Wright was born in Unadilla, Otsego county. New York, July 6, 1827, son of Johnson and Mary (Bliss) Wright, who spent the span of their years in New York state. Johnson Wright was a farmer and tanner and also a shoe merchant. His father was Alpheus Wright. Clark A. Wright was reared on the home place, became a tanner and farmer, and in due time married. Two children, Leroy Smith and Mary Alice, were born. May 3, 1857, Clark A. Wright, with his wife and two children, started for the West to establisli for themselves a home in the wilderness. July 15, 1857, they reached the Crow river, three miles south of Delano, in Wright county. He chose for his location, sections 26 and 27, Franklin township, buying out the homestead rights of Oswald Spoon, paying $300 in gold. On this place there had been built a crude log cabin. Around the cabin a small clearing had been made. With this beginning they established their home, and it was not many years before the place became one of the best farms in the vicinity. The land was cleared and broken, and from time to time suitable buildings were erected. He later added fifty acres more, making 210 acres. Mr. Wright was a man of influence and served as supervisor of Franklin township. He was one of the first school officers in his district and took an active part therein. In this district Eliza Woolsey, a sister of Mrs. Clark A. Wright, taught the first school, this being the first in Franklin township. Miss Woolsey married Fletcher W. Ingerson and now lives in Minneapolis. Mr. Wright, who was a Universalist in faith, founded the Union Sunday School and was its superintendent for many years. He was one of the charter members of the Masonic lodge at Watertown, in Carver county, this state. During all these years of activity, Mr. Wright had been studying medicine. In 1874 he went to Howard Lake and opened an office for the practice of that profession. Since 1886, when he left Howard Lake, he has made his home in several different places. Mr. Wright married Myra Woolsey, born September 1, 1826, in Ohio, daughter of Joseph and Mehitable (Brown) Woolsey. Mrs. Wright died in 1896 at the age of seventy. The Woolsey family came of old New England stock, and some of the members have in their possession a mate to the wineglass deposited in the cornerstone of Trinity Church, of New York City.

William Ziebarth, a leading citizen of Franklin township, is a splendid example of the intelligent, educated type of Germans, who sought their fortunes in this new world, and have become a part of the very spirit, backbone and sinew of the nation. He has been active in town and county, he numbers his friends by the hundred, and his voice has ever been raised in behalf of those measures which he believed to be for the best of the community. Especially in the early days, when the other settlers were of much less education than himself, his advice was eagerly sought, and his intelligence and common sense, tempered with a genial vein of humor, made his opinions highly valued.

William Ziebarth was born February 1, 1838, in the Province of Posen, Prussia, Germany. His father, a small farmer, gave him a high school education, and at the age of fifteen he was employed as clerk or copyist in the District Court, of Samter, Posen, for two and a quarter years. In June, 1855, his parents with their eight children started for America, and after an ocean voyage of seven weeks on the sailing vessel "Hermine" arrived in New York. From there the family moved to Chicago, 111., where the father died, January 4, 1856. In the spring of 1856 the mother moved to Minnesota with the three smallest children - William being the oldest and now eighteen years of age - for although William was offered a good position in a Chicago bank, he thought that he had had enough of office work in the old country, and wanted to be a farmer. Jlinnesota in 1856 could hardly be called an agricultural country. The railroad line nearest to Minnesota was the line from Chicago to East Dubuque. From there or from Galena, 111., steamboats were running to St. Paul. St. Paul at that time consisted of little more than some scattering buildings on Third street. St. Anthony at the Falls had nearly as many buildings. Minneapolis was "non est." A baker shop near the corner of Hennepin and First streets, and a well with the celebrated wooden bucket were all that marked the site. A suspension bridge, however, had been recently built. In relating his pioneer experiences, Mr. Ziebarth says": "In St. Paul we were told that this country had plenty of government land open to settlement, and so we struck out for the Big Woods, as this part of the country was then called, and settled in what is now Wright county. Of the privations, tribulations and hardships of the first settlers the present generation has no idea. While it was hard enough for a native to get a start, it was ten times worse for a 'greenhorn' - as we were generally called - to get along. Even the language was strange, for though I had studied Latin six years and French four years, English in those days was not taught in the German schools. I had never done a day of manual labor in my life, and so for me the pioneer experiences were still worse. For me to go out and cut down a tree was a 'sight for the gods,' but my first cutting of grass for hay will illustrate just how well I was prepared for farming. In Chicago, when getting ready to farm in Minnesota, I went to a hardware store to buy a scythe to take along. The dealer offered me two kinds, one a regular grass scythe and the other a long wide blade, intended for a grain cradle as I afterward found out. Now as the price was the same for either I took the cradle blade, thinking it would last longer. And by George, it took me all the summer of 1856 to cut, yes, I say, regularly cut, the hay for two cows, and no one was around to tell me how to do it. Our neighbors the first year were : Jacob Dietz and wife. Christian Barth and wife and family, Martin Luther and son, Frank Meier, Mathias Schaust, Peter Christian and Fred Ziebarth, my father's brother, all single men. The first potatoes were raised from potato eyes, which we prepared in Chicago and brought up from St. Anthony on our backs. The first wheat I cut with a butcher knife in about 1858. Before that we thought that wheat could not be raised, but for that matter we had no clearing to raise it on. So far, until 1858, we had no team. There were a few teams of oxen in the township, but horses were an unknown quantity. That year a man from Minneapolis came through the country posting large signs. It was the year of the gold discovery on Pike's Peak, and the poster started in 'Why Should You Want to Go to Pike's Peak When There is Gold in Minnesota?' Then it explained about ginsing digging and selling. We were not slow in grasping the opportunity, but while we received only four cents a pound, and later in the season could not sell any at all, nevertheless, even at four cents a poviud, a diligent digger could make $2 a day. This brought us money to buy a team of oxen, and I felt as proud at the head of my oxen as a great ruler at the head of a conquering army. Ginseng also furnished us the money with which to pay for our land. In 1859 or 1860, when President James Buchanan put the land on the market at .$1.25 an acre, I had learned not to buy cradle blades for grass cutting, and had also learned a few other things, so I went down to St. Paul and from a bank there bought a land warrant at $1.00 an acre and thus secured the land. In 1861 or 1862 I was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln as postmaster at Cassell, in section 3, Franklin townsliip, named in honor of some pioneers from Hessen Cassell, who liad settled in this vicinity. In 1860 I was elected town clerk of Franklin township. I also held the office of assessor in Franklin township and in Delano village in all a period of some twenty years. In 1872 and 1873 I taught public school in our home district, No. 48, but if the honored and scholarly Noali Webster could liave heard me pronounce some of the English words he would liave turned around in his grave." In 1882, Mr. Ziebarth was elected county commissioner, and held that office for six years. In 1884, while he was in office, the first iron bridges were built between Wright county and Hennepin county, and while the two Frankfort bridges with a total length of 345 feet cost $20,000, through his opposition to building the Rockford bridge at that time at any such price, tlie Rockford bridge in cpiestion, 300 feet in length, cost two years later just half that much. In 1885, Mr. Ziebarth took the agency for the Home Insurance Co. of New York, the St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co. and the North British and Mercantile Insurance Co. This agency he has retained to the present time. When he took up this line of work he resigned his position as assessor, for, as lie said, it was somewhat contrary to his sense of fitness and too much for his sense of humor, to assess a house for $200 and then insure it for $1,200. Prom 1902 to 1911, a period of nine years and one month, he was manager of the Delano Creamery Association. At the age of seventy-seven Mr. Ziebarth is as young in mind and body as many men of half his years. He still works every day on the farm in sections 2 and 3, Franklin township, where he located in the fifties. In the fall of 1914 he broke up some clover soil, covering about forty acres. No stump bafHed him, and he felt as he did so many years ago when he was first getting his land ready for cultivation. In addition to his many other duties. Mr. Ziebarth is justice of the peace, and also vice president of the State Bank of Delano, a safe and sound institution in which he has taken a deep interest. April 10, 1864, Mr. Ziebarth was married by Gust Burkholdt, a justice of the peace, to Sophia Boerner, and this union has been blessed with six children : William T., now a prosperous business man of Herman, Minn. ; Albert W., clerk of the District Court at Chinook, Blaine county, Mont. ; Sarah, wife of Joseph Rummel, of St. Paul ; Alvina, wife of William Riepe, of Annandale, this county ; Emil, engaged in the machinery business in Delano, Minn., and Fritz, who now lives with his father on the old farm. Mrs. Sophia (Boerner) Ziebarth died in 1894. In 1897 Mr. Ziebarth married Miene Tomnitz, nee Sabien, widow of Carl Tomnitz. Apirl 16, 1877, Mr. Ziebarth 's honored mother died and is laid to rest in Franklin cemetery.

James Quinn, a substantial pioneer of Franklin township, was born in Poughkeepsie, Dutchess county, New York, February 28, 1834, son of John and Mary (Hughes) Quinn. The parents were born in County Down, Ireland, were there married, and with one child came to America. Only two of their children lived to adult years. They were : James and Margaret. James was reared in Poughkeepsie, and in addition to receiving a good common school education became an expert bookkeeper and accountant. In 1856 he came west to Iowa, and two months later came to Minnesota. He filed by mistake on a piece of land lying on the Wright and Hennepin county line. Soon afterward he came to the place where he has since resided. This place was compcsed of 160 acres of wild land and no roads were near it. A squatter already claimed the tract, and Mr. Quinn paid him $100 to relinquish his alleged rights. He erected a log cabin, started to clear the land, raised crops among the stumps, and worked hard to win success. Sometimes he walked to St. Anthony and Minneapolis for supplies. Sometimes he borrowed oxen from his neighbor and carted lumber into Minneapolis. Finally he borrowed enough money to buy a yoke of oxen, and with this help his circumstances improved, but it was several years before he had any ready money4 Wlien the Indians rose he enlisted in Company C, First Minnesota Mounted Rangers. After serving something more than a year on scout duty he returned home at the urgent solicitation of his parents. He put in his crops but before harvest time he enlisted in Company F, Eleventh Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, leaving his parents in the care of two men whom he had hired. After the war he returned and resumed his work on the farm. Some years later he sold forty acres, and still later on the remaining portion, erected a frame dwelling house and from time to time suitable barns and sheds. A progressive and usefid man in every respect, he has been chairman of the town board of suf)ervisors, town clerk and assessor, as well as serving in minor positions. He has also been an official of the school board. For some years he was a member of the G. A. R. Mr. Quinn was married shortly after the war to Sarah Stewart, a native of Ohio, daughter of Calvin Stewart, pioneers who located in Franklin township. Mrs. Quinn died in 1901, at the age of sixty-eight. There are five children in the family : Anna Rachael, Florence, Mabel, Sherman Howard (deceased) and James Harris. The fann is now conducted by tlie son, James Harris Quinn.

John 0. Turngren, now deceased, was probably one of the most ardent advocates of the farmers' co-operative movement that the county has known. He delighted in the thought that he had helped promote the movement, and considered his work in this line as his greatest achievement. He was born on Oland

Island, Sweden, October 8, 1853, son of Ole J. Jolmson and Karin Johnson. There were two other children in the family, August and Ole. John 0. was the first of this family to come to the United States. He had been reared to farm pursuits by his father and at the age of nineteen came alone to this country and joined his uncle who was located at Stillwater, in this state. After his arrival he spent several years in the lumber camps and with railroad construction crews. During this period he learned the language, and devoted himself to the serious task of mastering the trend of modern thought, so that there were few men in his immediate neighborhood who were better informed than he on general questions of public interest. About 1879 he came to Wright county and secured eighty acres in section 30, Franklin township. Seven or eight acres had been cleared and a log cabin and barn had been erected. He finished clearing oft' the land, and to his original tract added another eighty acres and carried on scientific farming in a successful manner. Being a deep reader he adopted the plan of putting into effect the knowledge which he gleaned from books and papers, and the result was that his agricultural operations were conducted along the latest approved methods. John 0. Turngren saw more or less of public life and did good service in every office to which he was elected. For many years he was chairman of the town board of Franklin township, as well as justice of the peace. He helped to organize the Co-Operative Creamery of Montrose, and served as its first president. For eight years, until his death, January 1, 1914, he was its secretary and manager. He also helped to organize the Farmers' Mercantile Company and was its president until death. He was an Odd Fellow, member of the Rebekahs, and member of the Encampment. Mr. Turngren was married December 17, 1882, to Sarah C. Norberg, born June 1, 1862, daughter of Andrew and Fredericka (Vickstrum) Norberg, who in 1881 came to this country bringing their four children, Andrew G., Sarah C, Charles E. and Anna Sophia, and settled in Marysville, Wright county. Mr. and Mrs. Turngren had nine children : Victoria, wife of Alexander Berthiaume, of Aiken county, this state ; Ellen, a teacher ; Louis, Oscar, Grant, Agnes, Clara, Nettie and Annie, who died when three years of age. The farm is now carried on by Mrs. Turngren and the family.

Clark Sturman, a well-known farmer of Franklin township, was born in a log house on section 23, in the township where he still resides, August 10, 1867, son of Riley Sturman, the pioneer, and grandson of Thomas Sturman, one of the founders of Ohio. Clark Sturman received such education as he could in attending the district schools in the winter. His agricultural training was received by working with his father on the farm. In fact, he helped to clear oft' several acres of the home place. At the age of eighteen, he left home. For the next few years he had many interesting adventures in North and South Dakota, Montana, Colorado, Texas and Oklahoma, part of the time as a well driller for the Great Northern. In 1898 he purchased a tract of 120 acres in section 25. This, even at that recent date, was all wild. He cleared the land, brought it under cultivation, built a house and barns, and developed a splendid farm. In 1903 he purchased 170 acres in sections 25 and 36. This place also he has developed in many ways. Mr. Sturman is a good farmer and has been very successful in his activities. He raises excellent stock and carries on general farming. For twelve years past he has been assessor of Franklin township, and has given general satisfaction. Fraternallj' he is affiliated with the Blue Lodge and the Chapter of the Masons, the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the United Workmen. Mr. Sturman was married January 22, 1899, to Malissa Eckelberry. They have six children : Alice F., born March 26, 1900 ; Dora, born February 23, 1902 ; Raymond Riley, August 5, 1903; Leola, March 5, 1905; Lester Lawton, August 2, 1907 ; Royal, February 5, 1908.

Riley Sturman, a worthy pioneer, and venerable veteran of the Civil war, now deceased, was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, May 16, 1830, son of Thomas Sturman, a native of Virginia. Riley Sturman received his education in the schools of his native state. At the age of seventeen he moved to Greenup, Cumberlaud county, Illinois, where he farmed and did railroad work. In the spring of 1855 he started for Wright county, reaching here in the early part of July. On July 3, 1855, he and his uncle, Samuel Sturman, cut the first road through what is now the village of Delano. It was a crude affair, but enabled their oxen to get through to section 23, Franklin township, where, on July 4, Riley Sturman took a claim of 160 acres and erected a pre-emption shanty. He broke the land and engaged in farming. In time he erected a log house. In 1863, just as he was getting well started in his farming operations, he enlisted in Co. D, Hatch 's Battalion, Independent Cavalry, and served some two years in the Northwest. He was honorably discharged at Ft. Snelling in 1865, and returned to his farm. Gradually he improved and developed the place, iintil it was a splendid estate in every particular. In 1869 he built a frame house, and other buildings were also constructed from time to time as the necessity presented itself. Mr. Sturman was a natural leader among his fellows. For twenty-five j'ears he served continuously on the school board. In 1876 he was assessor. For three years he was chairman of the town board. In addition to this he served on many committees and delegations. He died, sincerely mourned and beloved, Jidy 11, 1913, after an illness of several months. At that time it was written of him: "Mr. Sturman was numbered among the early, hardy pioneers, who braved the rigors of frontier life and made Minnesota what it is. He was among the first to blaze the trails into the mighty forests, making a home for himself and family, and sharing with his neighbors the trials that mark the pioneer's life. In all, he was an obliging neighbor, ever ready to help the needy. He was a good husband and a kind father, and, being blessed with a strong constitution, he proved an able helpmate in supplying the needs of a large family." His widow, who worked shoulder to shoulder with him through all their married life, now lives in section 25, Franklin township. Riley Sturman was married January 1, 18.57, to Louisa Murphy. They were the first couple married in Watertown, Minn. Thirteen children were born : Mary Ann is the wife of Thomas Worthy, of Rogers, Benton county, Arkansas ; Eleanor married Edward Burke, and died in 1887 ; Matilda married W. H. Moxon, and died in 1889 at Hot Sulphur Springs, Colo ; Hannah died at the age of two years, two months and twenty-two days, in 1863 ; Ichabod died in Lisbon, N. D., December 2, 1889; Clark lives in Franklin township; James lives in Black Duck, Minn. ; Samuel S. and John live in Deary, Idaho ; Almeda is now Mrs. Harvey A. Leighton, of Wayzata, Minn. ; Bertha is now Mrs. McClcllan Belt, of Delano ; Lena is now Mrs. William R. Jabusch, of Minneapolis; and Mabel died in 1903. Lena Sturman was born in Delano, Minn., December 21, 1878, attended the public schools, and lived in Delano until her marriage, August 18, 1898, to William R. Jabusch, a native of Minneapolis, in which city they now reside, at 3210 Fourth street, North. There are three children : Irene, born August 27, 1899 ; Lucile, born June 17, 1903, and Florence, born January 20, 1909. William Sturman, Sr., a worthy pioneer, was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, January 1, 1822, and died in Franklin township, Wright county, Minnesota, February 20, 1898. His father was Thomas Sturman, one of the founders of Ohio. The children in the family were four, John, William (Sr.), Riley and Emily. Of these, William (Sr.) and Riley came to Wright county in 1855. William Sturman, Sr., was reared in his native state and as a young man went to Illinois, where he married Sarah Montgomery, a native of that state. In 1855, he started out with a team of horses for Minnesota, bringing with him his wife and his two children, John and Laura (now Mrs. A. L. Hasmer, of the state of Washington). After an overland trip of six weeks they reached Hennepin county, where they decided to locate. A more favorable location, however, presented itself in Wright county, and they accordingly settled on eighty acres in section 25, Franklin township. This homestead is still in the possession of the family. The tract was then covered with heavy woods. No roads led to it, and no buildings stood on it. Mr. Sturman erected a log cabin and cleared the land. During the Indian campaign he served in Hatch 's Battalion, and was injured by being thrown from a horse. After the war, he returned to his farm and resumed his work. In addition to clearing his home place, he assisted in chopping out the road between Minneapolis and Watertown. He was an early school teacher and helped to organize district 33, in Franklin township. He was an early school oflScial, and an early assessor, and served on one of the first boai'ds of supervisors. As the years passed, he became prominent in the affairs of the Democratic party, and was a delegate to numerous conventions. At one time he was a candidate for the office of county treasurer on that ticket, but though he ran ahead of his ticket, his party was then in a hopeless minority. Fraternally, he was a member of the I. O. O. F. The children in the family were : John, Laura, William, Viola, Clara, Mary, Rosetta, Rosella, Amanda and Robert. Rosetta and Rosella were twins. Rosetta died in infancy. Sarah Montgomery, the wife of William Sturman, Sr., died in February, 1896, at the age of sixty-two. She was the daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Montgomery, of Illinois. The children in the Montgomery family were: Sarah, Samuel, William, Joseph, John, Robert, Mary, Amanda and Ellen. The Sturman farm is now conducted by William Sturman, Jr., and Robei't Sturman. They carry on general farming and stockraising, and their farm is as good as is to be found in the community. Their acres are well tilled, they have all the latest improved devices and implements, and their grounds and fences are well kept.

Robert Sturman was born on the home farm, August 4, 1878. He attended the district schools, and as a young man learned the plumbers' trade. He now works at that trade at Delano, but still makes his home on the farm. He was married Thanksgiving Day, 1902, to Lucinda Eckelberry, and they have three children: Alton and Alta (twins), and Vernon L.

William Sturman, Jr., was born on the old homestead where he still lives, February 1, 1865. He studied in the district schools, and since boyhood days has maintained a high standing in the community. He has been a member of the township board for the past six years and is now its president. For twenty years he has been on the school board. Fraternally he is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. at Delano.

Carl J. Hahnke, living in section 30, Franklin township, was boru in Pomerania, Germany, January 2, 1852, a son of Lewis and Albertine (Wandke) Hahnke, who spent the span of their years in Germany. The five children in the family, Carl J., Amelia, Herman, Johanna and Lewis, all came to the United States. Carl J. was the first to come. He arrived in 1882 and located in Delano, in this county, bringing his wife and four children. For two years he worked on the railroad. Then for ten years he operated rented farm land. At the end of this period he bought 180 acres in section 18, Rockford township, and there lived for seventeen years. He made many improvements and was very successful in his farming operations. This farm he presented to his son, Henry, and bought 115 acres in section 3, in the same township. This farm, in turn, he presented to his son, William. Then he bought a home and one acre of land in section 30, Franklin township, where he now resides. For six years he was a member of the Rockford town board, and for the past three years he has been treasurer of his school district. For thirteen years he has been local agent for the Farmers Mutual Insurance Company. He and his family are devout members of the Trinity Lutheran church and he has been treasurer of that institutiou for the past twenty-eight years. The present edifice was erected in Rockford township in 1881, and has been a powerful influence for good in the community. Mr. Hahnke is a good example of the manner in which a man may forge ahead. He borrowed money to come to this country and when he landed had but six dollars in his pocket. Now he has given away two fertile farms, and still has a sightly home and a neat piece of land. Mr. Hahnke was married in Germany to Johanna Wandersee, and they have had five children : William, Henry, Minnie and Amelia, born in Germany, and Carl, born in Wright county. Carl died at the age of ten years.

Charles Fred Schultz, one of the leading farmers of Franklin townsliip, was born on the place in section 30, where he still resides, October 14, 1869, son of Henry Schultz, the pioneer. Heni-y Schultz was born in Germany, came to the United States, and settled in Wright county. Times were hard and provisions were scarce. Farm implements were to be obtained only with the greatest difficulty. The first plow that Henry Schultz used was brought by liim on his back from Minneapolis. But as the years passed, times became better, and the family prospered. Henry Schultz died August 5, 1912, at the age of eighty-three. His good wife, whose maiden name was Lena Baling, died at the age of seventy-one, October 5, 1908. Charles Fred Schultz was reared on the home place where he has always resided. He attended the district schools and thoroughly learned agricultural pursuits from his father. For a time after he reached adult years, he rented the home place. In 1908 the old homestead of eighty acres was given to him. Another ninety-two acres he bought from his father for $2,000. The next year he bought anotht>r eighty acres from his brother Fred for $1,500. On the farm thus acquired he has successfully engaged in general farming and the raising of good stock. The home which he occupies was erected by his father, but the barn, 28 by 80 feet, was built by himself in 1911. He has also made other important improve- ments about the place. He has taken an active interest in all things that have pertained to the growth and development of the town. At one time he was a stockholder in the Farmers' Co-Operative Store at Montrose, but has now sold out. He is a stockholder, one of the original members, and former director of the Montrose Farmers Co-Operative Creamery. His religious faith is that of the Lutheran church. Mr. Sehultz married Clara Laugner, wlio was born in Berlin, Germany, March 30, 1878, and they have four children: Oscar, born November 12, 1902; Clarence, born August 30, 1904; Esther, born June 9, 1906; and Gertrude, born January 7, 1909. The parents of Mrs. Clara (Languer) Sehultz were Henry and Hannah (Kretchmer) Langner, natives of Germany, who in 1884 came to the United States and settled near Montrose village in this county, where they carried on farming. They brought with them three children, Clara, Oscar and Selma ; and one child, Emma, was born in this county.

Rollin H. Crawford, a representative farmer of Franklin township, was born on the homestead of his father, Rollin 0. Crawford, in Rockford township, May 27, 1873, and was there reared. He received a good education in the district schools, and farmed at home until twenty-five years of age. Then he lived on rented property for a while. In 1904 he purchased 120 acres in Franklin township, where he now resides. Forty acres of the place have been sold and he still retains eighty acres, on which he conducts general farming and raises good stock. He is well known throughout the county, having gone about threshing for many seasons. He has served on the school board nine years. His fraternal affiliation is with the Modern Brotherhood of America. Mr. Crawford was married March 17, 1897, to Albertina Schir, a native of Germany, whose parents settled in Wright county. In the Crawford home there are seven children : Rheuben, Ethel, Lydia, Gladys, Marna, Eunice and Viola.

Edmund W. Hayes, a pioneer, was born in what is now West Virginia. James Hayes, his father, was a farmer and also operated sawmills and flour mills in the old days when the only motive power in each mill was a great waterwheel. Edmund W. Hayes grew to manhood in his native state and there married Susanna Lantz. In 1869 tliey brought their family to Wright county, and secured 240 acres on the shores of Fountain lake, in section 6, Franklin township. A little less than four acres had been cleared, and in this clearing stood an old frame building, sided up with rough boards. But though the place was crude and in the wilderness, the members of the family were glad to be once more permanently located after their long trip down the Ohio river, up the Mississippi river, and thence overland to Franklin township. They had brought a pair of horses with them. Soon they purchased a yoke of oxen and started clearing the land. They put up a log house and a log barn and prepared as well as possible to begin farming operations. The first year they sowed about an acre and a quarter of wheat, planted two or three acres of corn, and in between the stumps put in as many potatoes and rutabagas as possible. "With this beginning the Hayes family became one of the most substantial and prosperous in the community. Edmund W. Hayes died on the homestead March 13, 1870, at the age of fifty-four years, five months and five days. His wife died September 28, 1889. The children in the family were: Samantha, who married Silas Snodgrass; Ezra, of Wetzel county. West Virginia; Sarah, who married James H. Ferrell ; Alexander, who married Mary Willey ; James, who married Jane Ilostitle; Andrew J., Alice, MaUssa, Nicholas and Simon.

Andrew Jackson Hayes, an influential farmer of Franklin township, was born in Grand township, Wetzel county, West Virginia, January 12, 1847, son of Edmund W. and Susanna Lantz. He came to Wright county with the family in 1869, and assisted in clearing the home place. While a young man he took 56 acres of the farm and started agricultural operations on his own account. Gradually he added to this tract until he now owns 270 acres of good land in section 6, FTanklin, where he successfully carries on general farming. lie has taken a special interest in farm development and is a director of the Farmers' Co-Operative Store at Montrose. As a hobby Mr. Hayes has become interested in bees, and he now has over 200 good colonies. His place is unusually well improved, and his lawn is one of the beauty-spots of the neighborhood. His fraternal affiliation is with Montrose lodge, No. 185, I. 0. 0. F. Mr. Hayes was married March 9, 1882, to Stella Streeter, bom in Woodland townsliip, Wright county, January 5, 1862, daughter of Levi W. and Margaret (Griffin) Streeter. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Hayes are as follows: Clara Bell, born April 5, 1877; Viola, born January 14, 1883; Theresa Myrtle, June 19, 1884; Albert Lea, August 11, 1885; John Henry, February 21, 1887: Cassie, February 21, 1888; Margaret, September 27, 1889; Levi W., December 7, 1890; William L., February 3, 1892; Bessie M., April 26, 1893; Joseph, October 27, 1894; Ethel, March 13, 1896; Andrew Hobson, February 22, 1898 ; Eduuuid B., December 27, 1899 ; Alva Forest, December 13, 1901 ; Lila Irene, September 1, 1904; Myron Harvey, May 15, 1907. Margaret died September 12, 1890. Viola, wife of Wells Pettis, died Jime 29, 1906, and left three children, Edna, Esther and Marjorie. Theresa married Charles Steinborn and lives in Minneapolis. Albert Lea married Emma Langer, and they live in Franklin township. Levi W. married Rose Otto. They live in Hastings, Minn.

William A. Cronk

Levi W. Streeter was born in I^ngland, and was brought to this country by his parents at the age of nine years. He was reared in New York state and there married Margaret Griffin, a native of that state. The young couple then started westward, and just before the Civil War located on section 11, in Woodland township, where they secured forty acres. They erected a house of unhewn logs, started to clear the land aud started an agricultural career in the wilderness. In their latter life they moved to Montrose, where they died. The children in the family were Stella, Nellie, Margaret, John and William.

Sampson T. Bland, who was cut down by death in the prime of his young manhood, is still held in loving remembrance. He was born in Virginia and was reared as a farmer. While still a youth he came west to Wright county, and after working in Rockford township for a while was married in June, 1881. to Mary M. Cronk, born on the homestead in Rockford township, March 27, 1861, daughter of William A. and Caroline (Samsel) Cronk. After their marriage he .rented the Cronk homestead and was just starting in life, when he died in November, 1881. Their son, Sampson Frederic Bland, was born July 19, 1882, and now makes his home with his mother in Hennepin county.

William A. Cronk, a pioneer, was born in Pennsylvania, January 25, 1836. In the fifties he came to Rockford township, where he married Caroline Samsel, daughter of Jacob Samsel, an earlier pioneer. After their marriage they located on a preemption claim. Later they took a homestead of eighty acres in Rockford township. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he enlisted in the Third Minnesota Volunteer Infantry and served until the close of the conflict. His wife and children in the meantime were left at home. During his absence his wife dug ginseng, cultivated the garden, and thus helped support her two children. During the Indian uprising Mrs. Cronk took her two children and went to the home of her father, Jacob Samsel, in the same township. After the war Mr. Cronk returned and they located on their homestead. The vicinity was all wild woods. He erected a log cabin and set at work with a will to clear the land. Wild animals ran in the garden and often peered in at the windows. Fortunately he owned a yoke of oxen and these were of much help. The daughter, Mary M., now Mrs. Samuel Copeland, of Hennepin county, remembers leading the oxen as they worked. After the land was cleared Mr. Cronk from time to time purchased other tracts, until he owned in all 240 acres of excellent land. The log house gave way to a large frame dwelling, and suitable barns and sheds were from time to time erected. In politics Mr. Cronk was a Republican. In religious faith he was a Methodist. He gave the land on which the German Methodist Episcopal church in West Rockford township was erected and also land for the cemetery surrounding it. Here he and his good wife are buried. He died March 15, 1881. His wife, who was born March 31, 1838, died June 18, 1875.

Samuel Copeland, a respected farmer of Hennepin county, has been closely connected with the pioneers of Wright county, his farm being but a short distance from the line between the two counties. He was born in Indiana, July 9, 1837, and came to Minnesota in the early days. lie is now a successful farmer, highly regarded and esteemed in every way. In 1884 Mr. Copeland married Mary M. Cronk, daughter of William A. and Caroline (Samsel) Cronk, and widow of Sampson T. Bland. They have three children : Guy, John and Hazel. Guy lives in Franklin township. He married Mary Gonsier and they have five children: Clemens, Marie, Dorethea, Joseph and Florentine George. John lives at home. Hazel is now the wife of Oscar G. Lobitz and they reside on a farm in Carver county.

Fred W. Wandersee, an industrious and influential citizen of Franklin township, proprietor of the West Franklin Farm and general agi'ieulturist, was born in Germany, August 22, 1836, son of Michael and Catherine Wandersee. In the family there were five children : Ferdinand, Fred W., Anna, Charles and Caroline. Fred W. was the first of this family to come to America. He was reared on the liome farm in Germany, and in the spring of 1866 married Wilhelmina Jacob. Shortly afterward they set out for America, and after a long voyage of nine weeks landed in New York. From there they went to Watertown, Jefferson county, Wisconsin, where they remained three years. In 1869 they came to Delano, in Wright county, and bought eighty acres of wild land in section 32, Franklin township, covered with woods and considerably remote from any settlement of importance. Here he built a log cabin, and with an ox team cleared about twenty acres of land. Then lie sold out and secured his present place of 160 acres. A log cabin had been erected and about twelve acres had been cleared. Mr. Wandersee cleared up the rest of the farm, constructed good fences and as time passed erected commodious barns and sheds. In 1896 he erected a brick veneer house. He has given his place the name of the West Franklin Farm. His success has been caused by ability and hard work. lie had to borrow money to come from Germany to America, but he soon earned enougli to pay it back. When he reached Wright county he had ^900, which he had made chopping wood, working on the railroad, clearing land, selling fuel and the like. He has ever been a good citizen and fully deserves the success with which he has met. Wilhelmina Jacob, wife of Fred W. Wandersee, was born in Germany, November 11, 1839, youngest daughter of Charles and Sophia (Radkee) Wandersee, also natives of that country. Mr. and Mrs. Wandersee have had eight children: Charles, who died as an infant in Germany ; Gusta, Emil ; Otto, who died in Wisconsin ; Martha, Rudolph, Margaret, and Henry, who died at the age of twelve.

Emil Wandersee, one of the active farmers of Franklin township, was born on the place where he still lives, June 20, 1868. He was educated in the district schools and reared to farm pursuits. He now operates the home farm in Franklin townsiiip, and here he successfully carries on general farming and raises good graded stock. He is a member of the German Evangelical chureli. The jiarents of Mr. Wandersee were Fred W. and Wilhelmina (Jacob) Wandersee, the pioneers.

Mathias Schaust, St., one of the sturdy early pioneers, was born in Germany and was there reared. As a young man he came to America on a sailing vessel, being the only member of his family to make the venture. For a time he worked in the copper mines of the Lake Superior region and then came to St. Paul, where he was married. There also he met his friend, Peter Christian. In 1857 Mathias Schaust, Sr., his wife, and Peter Christian started out afoot from Minneapolis, bringing such supplies and comforts as they could to find a suitable home. On his shoulder Mr. Schaust carried a rifle and a ham. They found 160 acres in section 34, Franklin township. No roads led to the tract and it was covered with dense timber. They built a log cabin, "grubbed"' out a small patch of land by hand and got in their first crops. It was a year later before they were able to get a pair of oxen. For a few years the partner remained. Then they divided their interests, each taking eighty acres. After the division was made the partner sold his interests to otlier persons and left the county. Mr. Schaust continued to make improvements on his eighty acres, assisted by his sons as they grew up. Mr. Schaust died in 1894 at the age of seventy-five. He was a devout man, and helped to build St. Peter's church, in Franklin township, the first Catholic church in thSs community. Mr. Schaust married Elizabeth Reichert, born in Germany, daughter of Peter Reichert. Their children were : Mathias, Peter, Frank, John, Elizabeth (deceased), Veronica (deceased), Mary and Anna. Peter Reichert brought his family from Germany to the United States in a sailing vessel and located on a fanu in Hennepin county, seven miles north of Minneapolis. His latter years were spent with his daughter, Mrs. Mathias Schaust, Sr., in Wright county. In his family there were three children, Chaiies, Mathias and Elizabeth, all deceased.

he now resides, Ij^ovember 29, 1858, son of Mathias Schaust, Sr., and Elizabeth (Reichert) Schaust. He was reared in his native township and early learned farming from his father. His early education was meager. As a boy he attended district school long enough to go through the first primer. Later he attended evening school. At the age of fifteen he went to Rockford, where he learned the blacksmith trade, which for several years thereafter he followed during the winter months. During the other seasons of the year he worked on the home farm, although for a time he also did railroad work. After his marriage he still lived for a year on the old homestead, and then bought his present farm of eighty acres in section 8, Franklin township. Eighteen acres had been cleared and a log cabin with a small shanty attached had been erected. Mr. Schaust had a team of horses that he had purchased the previous year. With this team and a colt and four cows he started his farming operations. Gradually he has attained prosperity and success, and achieved a position as one of the foremost men of the township. He has erected a modern house and barn, convenient and attractive. To his original place he has added from time to time, until he owned 318 acres. On a tract adjoining his home place he has a tract on which he has erected a complete set of modem buildings, and on this farm lives his oldest son, Anthony. The lot on which is located the schoolliouse of district 31 is cut out of his original farm, the lot having been donated before he purchased the place. He has been supervisor of the township for ten or twelve years, and chairman of that body one term. He was one of the incorporators of the Delano Co-operative Creamery, and served a number of terms as its president. He also is a stockholder in the First National Bank, of Delano, and in the Watertown Telephone Co. While Mr. Schaust has interested himself in all branches of agricultural pursuits, he has of late years paid particular attention to stock raising. He has a herd of good blooded Shorthorn cattle and good grade horses and swine. Mr. Schaust was married in 1883 to Catherine Matter, born in Franklin township, March 10, 1861, daughter of Joseph Matter. Their children are : Joseph A., born December 15, 1884, and died at the age of twenty ; Anthony, born August 3, 1886; Charles, born April 14, 1888; Veronica, born January 15, 1890; Kate, May 12, 1892; Angeline, April 21, 1894; Louise, August 13, 1896 ; Ambrose, January 17, 1898, and Clara, March 4, 1901.

John Olif Kelsey was born in Westmaland, Sweden, February 3, 1832. He came to America with his parents at the age of thirteen, and with them came directly west to Chicago, HI. The father died six months after their arrival, and the mother died the following year of Asiatic cholera, thus leaving their three sons and one daughter orphaned at a tender age. John Olif was the oldest. It was indeed a dark day for the young boy, left in a strange country without relatives or money, and with three younger children to care for. But kind friends came to his assistance and homes were found for his sister and two brothers. Having acquired some knowledge of the shoemaking trade from his father, he found work as an apprentice to a Mr. Reed, in whose employ he remained for seven years. In June, 1853, he married Brita Johnson, who was born in Sweden, and came to America with her parents, three brothers and one sister in the year 1852. After their marriage they made their home in Illinois until the spring of 1858. Then they started for Minnesota, coming by a Mississippi river steamboat up the river from Galena to St. Paul, and there taking a smaller Minnesota river steamboat to Carver. Their destination was the banks of Clearwater lake, where Waconia is now located, some ten miles from Carver. There being no conveyance available, they left their heavier possessions, and with some light baggage started to walk. One of the two children was a baby and had to be carried. Following the blazed trail through the woods they arrived, toward evening, at the home of Mrs. Kelsey's brother, Jonas Johnson, a pioneer well known to the early settlers of Carver and Wright counties. At his log cabin the weary wanderers found a warm welcome. They lived on the present site of Waconia for five years. Mr. Kelsey erected the first frame house in the village, helped to clear up the townsite, and worked at his trade as a shoemaker. When he sold his town property he bought a yoke of oxen, a plow, a harrow and a wagon, and moved to a rented farm three miles west of Waconia. There they lived until 1866. Then he took np a homestead in section 22, Franklin township, Wright county. He built a log cabin, and on May 15 moved his family into it. The same year he cleared off the timber around the house, so as to let the sunshine in. These worthy people endured all the privations of pioneer life. Provisions being very expensive, the family subsisted mainly on potatoes and corn bread. But soon he was able to clear sufficient land to raise an ample supply of food and better circumstances prevailed. After the sons grew large enough to help they assisted in clearing up the farm and erecting good substantial buildings. They also bought the second steam threshing outfit brought to this part of Wright county and operated it for many years. The wife and mother died after a lingering illness, July 3, 1887. and the management of the farm was turned over to the sons, in whose hands it still remains. The father died on the old homestead July 17, 1912. The sons and daughters are all living. Joseph, the oldest, lives on the homestead and devotes his attention to farming. Edwin devotes his time to farming and dairying on his farm in section 15, tovm of Franklin. He was one of the organizers and first secretaries of the Delano Co-operative Creamery Association, one of the largest and best equipped creameries on the Great Northern railroad. He married Emma Kappe, and they have five children. Albert lives at home and owns a farm in Chatham township, this county. Kate, the only daughter, married Joseph Broberg, who owns a farm near Eagle Bend, Todd county, this state. They have five children. Ferdinand is a mechanical engineer and owns a residence in Park Falls, Wis. They have three children. Lawrence married Antonia Buch and has four children. He is a carpenter by occupation and owns a residence in St. Paul. Otto is a ri;ral mail carrier and owns a residence in Delano. He married Ida Walgren and has four children. It is fitting that mention should here be made that the members of the family are sober and industrious and have always been ready to do their part in bringing about the better condition of the community in which they live.

Ichabod Murphy, a prominent and substantial farmer residing in section 1, WatertovsTi township, Carver county, this state, has long been associated with the early pioneers of Wright county, among whom his father was one of the earliest. He was born in Decatur county, Indiana, August 10, 1841, son of James and Hannah (Palmeter) Murphy, who brought him to Minnesota in 1856. He was reared to manhood in a log cabin in Franklin township, and as a youth experienced all the privations of pioneer life. He attended a log schoolliouse and learned agricultural pursuits from his father. Even as a boy he took a deep interest in live stock, and beginning at an early age he has been an extensive dealer. In 1871 he secured a part of his present farm by purchasing 134 acres. No buildings had been erected thereon and only a few acres had been cleared. He erected comfortable buildings, developed the land and was very successful in his operations. The house that he biult has been covered with pebble dash, its interior has been remodeled and renovated, and it is now a model home in every particular. Mr. Murphy has added to his original tract until he now has 340 acres of rich land, well cultivated. He is one of the heavy patrons of the Lindale Creamery Association and has been very successful, both as a dairyman and as a raiser of good stock and diversified crops. Mr. Murphy is a member of Watertown lodge, No. 50, A. F. & A. M. Mr. Murphy is an lionored veteran of the Civil War. September 23, 1862. he enlisted in Company C, First Regiment Mounted Rangers, and served in the Northwest against the Indians for some thirteen months. In June. 1864. he enlisted in Company F, Eleventli Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, was sent south to Kentucky and Tennessee and served some eleven months. Ichabod Murphy was married in April, 1870, at Minne- apolis, to Rhoda Stewart, born in Ohio, Juue 16, 1843, daughter of Calvin and Delana (Whelpely) Stewart. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy have six children : James, born August 22, 1872 ; Ira, born November 4, 1874; Hannah, born December 15, 1876 ; Maude, born August 23, 1879; Richard, born August 18, 1881, and Viola, born September 22, 1883.

James Murphy was born January 28, 1817, son of John Murphy, born June 17, 1789, and Jane Murphy, born April 25, 1791. He had a sister Matilda, born August 16, 1809, and a brother Samual, born June 20, 1814. He also had eight half brothers and sisters : Tilly, born July 27, 1819 ; John, born November 22, 1821 ; Mary, born November 7, 1823 ; Jane, born September 2, 1824; Fanny, born February 15, 1826; John, born March 1, 1827 ; Matilda, born August 17, 1829, and Idiana, born July 23, 1831. As a j'oung man, James Murphy married Hannah Palmeter. Their connection with the pioneer history of Minnesota begins with 1856, when, on May 22, they left southern Illinois and with a horse team started for St. Paul. Reaching that city, they continued on their way, and in due time reached the southeast corner of Wright county. For about a week they camped in the corner of Carver county, while they cut a trail to a claim that they had selected in Franklin township, Wright county. They had brought a few cows with them, and were thus better off than many of the settlers, but they had only the scantiest supply of tools and implements, and farming was a difficult proposition on land that was slowly and painfully grubbed out by hand. They got up a log house, 18 by 20, two stories high, built of unhewed logs. A few years later they replaced this with a cabin of hewed logs. As an incident of the hardships of the early daj's it is related that Rockford was Mr. Murphy's milling point, and the first grist he secured was from wheat that he had threshed out with a flail, taken to Rockford to be ground, and screened with a cornmeal sieve, thus furnishing a supply of coarse flour for the family larder. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy had six children as follows : Louisa, born October 29, 1839 ; Ichabod, August 10, 1841 ; Samuel, March 22, 1843 ; John, February 9, 1845 ; William, August 31, 1847; Josephine, August 8, 1849. William still lives on the home place.

Calvin Stewart was born in Vermont, the son of Oliver and Aline Stewart, both natives of Vermont, but descended from an old Connecticut family that moved to Vermont in Colonial times. He was reared in his native state and as a youth came westward to Ohio. He married Delana Whelpely, a native of New York state, who had been brought to Ohio by her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart located on a farm in Ashtabula county, Ohio. In 1846 they left there and located in Rock county, Wisconsin, where they remained for several years. In 1856 they came to

Wright county and located in Rockford township, but later they settled in Franklin township. Their declining years were spent in North Rockford, where he died in 1891 at the age of eightysix, and she in 1892 at the age of eighty. Their children were Mary, Olive and Oliver, Calvin, Sibyl, Rhoda, Sarah and Clara. Clara was born in Wisconsin, the rest in Ohio.

Louis C. Thompson, owner of the French Lake Creamery Company, was born in Cannonsville, Delaware county, New York, October 15, 1872, son of Frederick and Julia (Hanson) Thompson, who came to Blue Earth county, Minnesota, in 1874, bought land there and farmed there until 1878, then went to Lake Crystal and remained until 1885, then purchased land in Watowan county, this state, where the father still lives at the age of seventy-seven years, and where the mother died in 1901 at the age of fiftyseven. Louis C. Thompson remained with his parents until he was fifteen years of age. Then he started out for himself by working for various farmers in Blue Earth county. In 1892 he engaged in milling at Elkton, S. D., and there remained for about a year. It was in 1894 that he first took up the creamery business as a helper in the Riverdale Creamery, Riverdale, Watowan county, this state. He perfected his knowledge by a course in the dairy department of the University of Minnesota, from which he graduated in 1897. With this preparation, he took charge of the Upsalla Creamery, at Upsalla, in Morrison county, this state. From 1898 to 1901 he operated the Paynesville Creamery, at Paynesville, in Stearns county. In 1901 he went to Marshall, Minn., and there erected a creamery of his own at a cost of $10,000. This he sold in 1902 and came to French Lake, where he had purchased the French Lake Creamery Company in 1900, but which for two years had been operated by employes. The first year that Mr. Thompson took hold of the establishment, the business was between $8,000 and $9,000 a year. The annual business is now something like $30,000. Mr. Thompson is a capable business man, an expert butter maker, and a leading citizen. He has the faculty of imparting his enthusiasm to others, and he is determined that the vicinity of his creamery shall become one of the leading dairying districts of the state. He has the confidence of every farmer for miles around. His work thus far has resulted in most substantial good to the community. Mr. Thompson is a stockholder in the Farmers' State Bank of French Lake and in the Farmers' Co-operative Store in Cokato. He has been clerk of school district 68 for six years, justice of the peace in French Lake township four years, and is now serving his first term as town supervisor. Mr. Thompson was married October 26, 1898, to Mary Ilannon, daughter of Michael and Ann (Pendy) Ilannon, the former of whom lives near Melrose, in Stearns county, this state, at the age of eighty-seven, and the latter of whom died in

Emil A. Rousseau, a progressive fanner of French Lake township, was born on section 15, in the township where he now lives, March 15, 1867, sou of Peter J. and Mary Ann (Howard) Rousseau, and grandson of Ernest Howard, the first settler of French Lake township. Peter J. Rousseau was born March 2, 1831, and died December 20, 1893. He came to America from Belgium in 1862 and bought 100 acres in section 15, French Lake township, this county. Tliere he went through the usual hardships of pioneer life, and developed a good farm. He married Mary Ann Howard, who was born February 15, 1833, and died December 15, 1893. She likewise was a native of Belgium. Emil A. Rousseau was reared on the home farm, received a good education in the public schools, and has devoted his life, thus far, to agricultural pursuits. In 1891 he bought 107 acres in section 22, French Lake township. No buildings had been erected on it, and only a part of it had been cleared. He has improved and developed the place in many ways. He now owns 116 acres on the level prairie, some half a mile south of French Lake Corners. He has erected a modern house, 22 by 28 feet, with twenty feet posts, with an addition 14 by 21 feet, with eight-feet posts. This is a very sightly residence and was erected in 1893. The barn is 30 by 50 feet, with fourteen-feet posts, and has a capacity of twenty-two cattle, five horses and forty tons of hay. The farm supports a splendid herd of Durham and Hereford cattle, and in addition to this the usual crops are raised. There is also a flock of Plymouth Rock chickens which are the pride of the owner's heart. The orchard contains fifty apple trees, twenty-five plum trees, and a plentiful supply of raspberry and strawberry bushes. Mr. Rousseau is a prominent man in the community and has been township assessor ten years, township treasurer ten years, township supervisor three years andtownship clerk two years. He is one of the stockholders in the Fanner's State Bank, of French Lake. Fraternally he associated with the M. W. A. at Annandale, having passed through the chairs of that lodge. Mr. Rousseau was married September 19, 1892, to Augusta Chevalier, who was born December 6, 1870, daughter of Julius and Adelaide (Lambert) Chevalier, the pioneers. Mr. Chevalier settled on section 14, French Lake, in the early days, and died November 19, 1887. Mrs. Chevalier died February 22, 1889. Mr. and Mrs. Rousseau have had six children : Elaine Theresa, born September 19, 1893; Hazel Celestine, born December 26, 1894; Pearl Adelaide, born July 7, 1896; Eugenia Elizabeth, Aj^ril 15, 1898; Nereus

Andrew Jackson Phillips, an honored pioneer of Minnesota, now deceased, was born in Indiana in 1826. He was reared in that state and as a youth was apprenticed to a carpenter from whom he learned the trade. In the fifties he came to Minneapolis, and from 1852 to 1862 devoted his time to hunting and trapping in Wright county and vicinity. At the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in the Fourth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry and served four years. After his term of enlistment had expired he was honorably discharged and returned to Wright county, where he homesteaded 160 acres in section 20, French Lake township. He built a log house and lived therein while he made his living by hunting and trapping. The farm was sold in 1895, and Mr. Phillips then traveled about for several years. He died at Belleview, Idaho, in 1903. Mr. Phillips was a notable figure in pioneer life, a splendid type of the hunters and trappers who are now passing from the life of the Northwest. He knew the wilds like an Indian, he had a knowledge of nature such as is possessed by few naturalists. His outdoor life gave him a genial, companionable disposition when with his fellows, and he was well liked by all who knew him. Andrew Jackson Phillips was married January 1, 1856, to Genevieve Howard, daughter of Ernest and Mary (Bridges) Howard. Ernest Howard was the first permanent settler in French Lake township. The old homestead in tlie southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 15 is now owned by Robert Gerrard, and is the oldest farm in the township. Mr. and Mrs. Phillips had six children : Josephine, who died in January, 1914, at the age of fifty-three ; William, now living in Montana ; Mary Ann, now Mrs. John Calander, of French Lake ; Laura, now Mrs. John Cameron, of Two Harbors, Minn. ; and Daniel and David, who are at home. Daniel is one of the prosperous farmers of the township. He operates the home place, and raises fruits, berries and bees, aside from the usual crops. He is especially proud of the results that he has achieved with bees. He has forty hives of Dark Camiolans and Dark Italian bees, producing some 400 gallons of honey annually, the market price being about $1.00 a gallon. He also has a splendid orchard of apples, plums and cherries. The family faith is that of the Catholic church.

Patrick B. O'Loughlin, an influential farmer of French Lake townsliip, was born in Leechburg, Pa., March 18, 1855, son of Michael and Mary (Butler) O'Loughlin, the pioneers. Michael O'Loughlin brought his family from Pennsylvania about 185S, to New York state, thence to Iowa, and secured a homestead of 160 acres in French Lake township. This tract was entirely covered with timber. He made a small clearing and erected a cabin 16 by 20 feet, of unliewed logs, with a shake roof and board floor. The furniture was made on the place. The family was fortunate in owning a cow, but they had no other domestic animals. A hoe and an axe were about all the tools that they had for farming. Their cash assets consisted of $35. But they started in with a will. Gradually the laud was cleared, and the crops were larger year by year. They had no oxen until they had raised a pair from calves. It was ten years before they could purchase a wagon, and then they had to pay $100 for a secondhand one. Mrs. Michael O'Loughlin, on several occasions in the early days, carried butter on her head from French Lake to Kingston, where she exchauged it for groceries, which she brought back in the same manner, making the trip both ways on foot. Michael O'Loughlin lived to see his farm developed, and many of his hopes realized. Comfort took the place of pioneer rigors, and the township became a settled community. Michael O'Loughlin died July 19, 1874, at the age of fifty-eight years. His wife died January 12, 1914, at the age of eighty-four years. In the family there were fom* boys and two girls, of whom Patrick B. is the oldest. Patrick B. O'Loughlin was reared on the home farm, attended the district schools, and grew to manhood as a farmer. Ilis ambitious, however, turned to mercantile lines, and in 1881, with J. W. Connole as a partner, he opened a store at French Lake Corners. In 1887 they moved their store to Annandale, then in its earliest infancy. In 1889 they sold out, and Mr. O'Loughlin returned to the home farm, which he has since continued to operate. The farm is one of the best in the neighborhood. All the buildings are good. The house is 18 by 24 feet, with fourteen-feet posts, and there are also two additions, one 18 by 20 and the other 12 by 20. General farming is conducted on a successful scale, a specialty beiug made of Durham and Hereford cattle, Percheron horses, and Plymouth Rock and Rhode Island Red chickens. Mr. O'Loughlin was postmaster at French Lake eleven years. He has been on the school board over thirty years. For some twenty years he was town clerk and is now filling that office by appointment. He was chairman of the town board a term, and town treasurer five years. He is Chief Ranger of the Annaudale Lodge, No. 839, C. 0. F. The family faith is that of the Catholic church. Mr. O'Loughlin was married September 9, 1896, to Kate Murray, who was born April 22, 1863, daughter of Michael and Mary (Leahy) Murray, settlers of French Lake township, the former of whom died about 1884, at the age of fifty-eight, and the latter of whom died September 25, 1901, at the age of eighty-three. Mr. and Jlrs. O'Loughlin have six children : Daniel, born August 10, 1897 ; Joseph, born December 2, 1898; Francis, born October 13, 1900; Mary, born December 4, 1902; Ruth, born July 19, 1904; Catherine, born December 9, 1907.

Thomas 0 'Loughlin, a respected citizen of French Lake township,w as born in County Claire, Ireland, in 1834, son of Michael and Hannah (Maroney) 0 'Loughlin. The family came to America in 1847 and located in Vermont, where Michael 0 'Loughlin died in 1849. Mrs. Hannah (Maroney) 0 'Loughlin lived to be over ninety and died in Wright county, Minnesota, in July, 1914. Though a boy of tender years when the family arrived in Vermont, Thomas 0 'Loughlin secured work on the railroad. In 1850 he went to Hanover, Ohio, where he engaged in similar work. In 1857 he went to Davenport, Iowa, and remained a year. It was in 1858, the year the state was admitted, that he came to Wright county and located in French Lake township, where he secured a homestead of 160 acres in section 10. He erected a log house with a shake roof and a board floor, manufactured his own furniture, and started to develop a farm. He did not even have a stove, nor did he get one for five years, a crude fireplace of stones and a camp baker being his only cooking and heating device. In time he managed to get a pair of oxen, and thus the work of clearing the land was made easier. For several years he lived alone in his cabin. Only five families lived in this vicinity at that time. During the Indian scare he fled to Monticello for protection. Gradually, as the result of his hard work, the land was developed and improved, buildings were erected, and the neighborhood was settled up. Mr. 0 'Loughlin is now a prosperous, successful man. The position he occupies in the esteem of his fellow men is shown by the fact that he has served as town supervisor for seven years. For four years the French Lake postoffice was kept at his home. Mr. 0 'Loughlin was married April 16, 1863, to Susan Mooney, daughter of Thomas and Catherine (Powers) Mooney. Mr. and Mrs. 0 'Loughlin have had six children : John M. was born April 6, 1864. He owns land adjoining his father in section 9 and has held difi^erent town offices for a number of years. He was census enumerator for French Lake township in 1900 and 1910. Mary was born February 18, 1866, married Joseph Cavanaugh, and lives at Outlook, Mont. They have three children, John, Edward and Charles. Bridget was born October 25, 1868, married Louis Topping, of Fargo, N. D., had three children, Alice, Charles and Lillian (who died in infancy), and died in 1909. Cornelius was born in 1870, and died at the age of five years. Thomas was born March 11, 1873, and is now a leading farmer of French Lake township. Ignatius was born August 17, 1880, and is now at home.