Florence Township

Florence Township

wife, Mary A. Buckmaster, Nov. 10, 1870. She was born in Mercer county, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1837. They have two children - Ellen J., born Feb. 11, 1872; Frank, Aug. 19, 1871. Mr. Bunch has a farm of 315 acres, on which he has done much hard labor to bring it to its present state of productiveness.

EASTLAND, S. E., farmer, sec. 7, P 0. Red Wing. Born in Sweden, March 2, 1816. Emigrated to America, and arrived at Red Wing July 11, 1869. Married Emma Johnson, Jan. 3, 1871. She was born in Sweden, August 27, 1819. Emigrated to America in 1866; arrived at Red Wing Aug. 25, of that year. Have five children - Ida M., Minnie, Amelia, Leonard P., Walter and Herman J. Mr. Eastland served as assessor of Belle Creek township (where he owns 65 acres of improved land valued at $3,000) one year. He is now superintendent and manager of the Goodhue county poor farm.

HEATH, JOHN D., farmer, sec. 30, P. 0. Red Wing. Born in Crawford county, Pa., Sept. 20, 1836. In 1853 emigrated to Illinois, and from there to Fayette county, Wis. ; coming to Minnesota in September, 1855, settling in St. Paul; thence to Stillwater and Taylors Falls. Went up Snake River to the pineries, but returned to Wabasha in 1856. Came to this county where he has since resided. Married Ellen E. Conat, who was bom in Rock county, Wis., June 20, 1816. Wilber M., Charles J.. Lizzie E., Minnie B., George P. and Tommy H., are their children. Mr. Heath had the misfortune to loose his right foot by being crushed in a horse power, October, 1871.

SARGENT, E. A., farmer, sec. 23, P. 0. Red Wing. Born in Caledonia county, Vt., Jan. 18, 1823. Moved to Massachusetts with parents when three years old, where he maintained a continued residence for thirty years. Emigrated to Dixon, 111., and came to Red Wing in 1856. Moved to Wastedo in the spring of 185T, and after two years' returned to Red Wing. After two years residence in that city moved to his present farm of 800 acres. Married Abba Currier in 1847. She was born in Salem, N. Y., May 15, 1822, and died at the age of fifty-six. Mr. S. married for his second wife Electa M. Williams. The subject of this sketch was commissioned colonel of the 11th Minnesota State Militia. Has five living children, Charles A., Harry C, Carrie A., William H. and Minnie May. Lost three, Hattie, Amos and Rose.

TENGNARR, THOMAS N., farmer, sec. 28, P. 0. Red Wing. Born in Sweden, May 1, 1844. Arrived in New. York city, Sept. 1, 1868, and in Red Wing, Sept. 11, 1868, and has maintained a continued residence in this county ever since. Married Segrea Phres, who was born in Sweden, April 22, 1842. They have five living children. Hattie, Frank, Matilda, Annette and Selma; one dead - Nelse.

BAILEY, H. W., farmer, sec. 32, P. 0. Lake City. Born in Franklin county, Mass., in 1836. Emigrated from that State with parents to Delaware county, 0., in 1842; thence to La Crosse, Wis., where his parents still reside. Came to this county in 1856 and settled in Lake City, there being but three log houses there at that time. In 1859 married Harriet E. Knapp. She was born in St. Jo, Ind., in 1813. Settled on his present estate of 160 acres in 1862; value, $40 per acre. Was justice of the peace two years, clerk of the district six years, constable two years, and is a member of Ancient Order of United Workmen. Eva W., Leeland W., Alfred W., Raymond W., and Lewis W., are their living children. Lost one child, Everett W. Are members of M. E. Church.

COREY, ORYILLE S., farmer, sec. 30, residence Central Point, P. 0. Lake City. Son of Samuel Corey, who was born in Bennington county, Vt., in 1800. Married Sarah King, in 1827. She was born in 1809, and of the several children six are living, Elijah K., Lucretia L., Luther, Jacob and Orville. The family came to this county in 1853, when there were but three white families in this town, and purchased of the half breeds 160 acres upon which they settled, living in a log habitation until their present home was erected, where his father died in 1870, after an experience of all the hardships of earty pioneer life. The subject of this sketch, mother and one sister still reside on the homestead. Held the office of assessor two years, supervisor in '76-7, road supervisor, and otherwise prominently identified with the interests of the town and county.

CARPENTER, E. F., farmer, sec. 28, P. 0. Lake City. Born in Ashtabula Co., 0., in 1835. Married Anna Ford in 1862. She was born in same county in 1841. Same year of marriage emigrated to Wabasha county, where he resided five years, when he came to this county, and settled on present estate of 160 acres, valued at $5,000, where he has since made it his home. Was clerk of the district school, and otherwise prominently identified. Ford, Ruth, Paul, Frank, Charles, are their living children.

CHURCH, JOSEPH, farmer, sec. 7, P. 0. Red Wing. Born in district oi Three Rivers, Canada in 1830, and came to this county in 1856, settling on his present estate in 1859, consisting of 280 acres, 160 of which he secured by the homestead act. Same year married Mary Randall. She was born in Cataraugus county, N. Y., in 1831. Emojene, Benjamin, Alwin, James E., Amy, Wilford M., and Elmer J. are their children. Mr. C. is one of the early settlers of this town. Is treasurer of Good Templars' lodge, a member of the Grange, and well known throughout the State.

Frontenac. Born in Saco, Me., in 1850, and emigrated to this State with parents in 1860, settling in Wabasha county, where he lived until 1861, when he returned East and remained until 1865. Subsequently his father, Benjamin, had purchased a farm near Lake City, and on his return he attended school in that city two years, when he engaged in teaching, and in October, 1875, married Jennie H. Westervelt. She was born in Boston in 1851. Engaged in his present position in the spring of 1877, where he has since made it his home.

DIXON, JAMES L., farmer, sec. 31, residence Central Point, P. 0. Lake City. Son of Harvey Dixon, who was born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., in 1796. Married Margaret Webster, who died in 1832, and of the several children, James L., Almira, Jane L., Ira W., and Emily W., are living. The subject of this sketch was born in Coldwater, Mich., where the family settled in 1837, and were early pioneers in that State; where he married Mary J. Palmes in 1849. She was born in Genesee county, N. Y., in 1827. Came to this county in the spring of 1855, and settled on his present estate of 170 acres, valued at $50 per acre, which he secured by the homestead act. Served as supervisor two terms, and is one of the early settlers of this town. Emma W., Maurice J., and George E., are their living children.

FOUNTAIN, ABRAM W., farmer, sec. 8, P. 0. Frontenac. Born in Hamilton county, N. Y., in 1822. Married Catherine Wheaton, in 1844. She was born in Steuben county, N. Y., in 1824. Came to this county in 1863, and settled in Belvidere township, where he purchased a farm and resided until 1877, when he came to this town and settled on his present estate, consisting of 80 acres, valued at $40 per acre. Was justice of the peace eight years, assessor one term, and town clerk three years, and always identified with the interests of the county. Betsy A., Melvina M., Ezra B., Jane M., Rosa D. and William P., are their living children. Lost two, Stephen and Jacob. The latter enlisted in 148th N. Y. I., Co. A, and served three years; was taken prisoner at Point of Rocks, Va., exchanged, and died while on his journey home.

FRANCISCO, STEPHEN, farmer, sec. 8, P. 0. Frontenac. Born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., in 1804. Married Elizabeth Fountain in 1826. She was born in Hamilton county, N. Y., in 1806. Emigrated in 1863, and settled in Sugar Loaf Valley, this town, where he lived one year, when he moved on his present estate, consisting of 80 acres, valued at $2,000. First took land under the homestead act, and has since made it his home. Mrs. F.'s mother lives with them, in the 94th year of her age. Their only living child, Oliver P., resides at Sugar Loaf. They lost two children, Harriet and John.

GARRARD, GENERAL ISRAEL, of Cincinnati, Ohio, visited this State on a hunting tour in 1854, camping six weeks on the shores of Lake Pepin in company with his brother, Dr. Garrard. Attracted by the beautiful scenery along the banks of the lake, and particularly with the grandeur at Frontenac, he made large investments in land, in and around the latter place, in 1857, but did not become a resident of the county at that time. In 1862 he was commissioned colonel of the 7th Ohio cavalry, and in command of his regimeut went into the field in the army of the Ohio; then in Kentucky, following John Morgan in his raid in Ohio until his capture. Joined Gen. Burnside, and took command of a brigade. In the summer of 186-1 he took command of one wing of the Union army in the fight at Cynthiana, in which John Morgan, the cavalry raider, was routed. Served in the Atlanta campaign with Gen. Sherman, going to the sea, and commanded the cavalry of the army of the Ohio during that march. On account of his being one of Gen. Sherman's brigade commanders, he has had the honor of receiving from the hands of that gentleman six illustrated maps of the " campaign to the sea, " prepared by him for his officers. He returned from his march to the sea to take part in the campaign of Nashville under Gen. Thomas, which resulted in the destruction of Hood's army. His last service was in the cavalry campaign under Gen. Wilson, through Mississippi, Atlanta and Georgia. The flag of truce., notifying him of the end of the war, reached him while burning railroad bridges and cotton warehouses within seven miles of Andersonville prison, on which he was marching. Returning from the war he came to Frontenac, which he has arranged for a summer resort, a full account of which is given in this work.

GARRARD, LEWIS H., residence Lake City. Born in June, 1829, at Cincinnati, 0., of Kentucky, Virginia, Pennsylvania and New Jersey stock, all of active revolutionary antecedents. Left school on account of delicate health, and spent a year (1816-7) in the Rocky Mountains and New Mexico, a narrative of which, entitled " Wah-to-yah and the Taos Trail," was written by himself and published in 1850. Graduate in 1853 of the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania. In 1856 wrote a sketch entitled " Chambersburg in the Colony and the Revolution," which was published by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, of which society, and those of Ohio and Minnesota, he is a member. In July, 1851, came to Minnesota, remained a few months, returned to Ohio, and went to Europe for two years, and in August, 1858, came to this county and settled at Frontenac. Purchased 5,000 acres of land, much of which he improved. Introduced thoroughbred Devon cattle and Southdown sheep, and was the first person in Minnesota to cultivate orchard grass, the most valuable forage plant the State possesses for grazing or hay. Was in 1859 member of the county board of supervisors, and several times chairman of the township board. Was a member of the Republican State Convention of 1859, and elected to the legislature of 1859-60, and draft commissioner for this county. In Oct., 1862, married Florence Van Vleit, of Wabasha county, and of their several children, two - Edith and Anna - are living. Moved to Lake City, Wabasha county, in 1870, and same year, with others, organized the First National Bank, and was its president for three years, when he sold his entire interest. In April, 1876, was chosen mayor of Lake City, on the license issue, and in November of the same year was elected to the legislature. In 1877, was re-elected mayor of the city, and has always borne an active part in the interests of the county and State.

HERLINGER, W. G., farmer, sec. 14, P. 0. Frontenac. Born in Northampton county, Pa., in 1822. Married Nancy E. Phillips in 1848. She was born in Chenango county, N. Y., in 1831. Emigrated to this county in 1855, and settled in this town where he pre-empted 120 acres; traveling with oxen and securing his claim at midnight. Here he erected a rude cabin and lived some years in the full enjoyment and hardships of pioneer life. He subsequently sold, and moved on his present estate of 176 acres, valued at $40 per acre, where he has since made it his home. Is one of the earliest settlers of this town. Served one term as constable. Emma and Fannie are their living: children.

HEGGIE, DAVID G., farmer, sec. 28, P. 0. Lake City. Born in Scotland in 1826, and emigrated to this country in the fall of 1847, and settled in Oswagotchie, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., where he lived until 1852, when he returned to Scotland and enlisted in the 93d Southerland Highlanders, and served five years in the Crimean war. Participated in the battles of Alma, Inkerman, and the struggle of Redan Tower. Was wounded at Alma and again at Inkerman, and confined in the hospital some months. Served two years following the close of the war. In 1858 returned to America and settled in Janesville, Wis., where in September, 1861, married Margaret White. She was born in Scotland in 1844. In 1864 removed to Mount Pleasant, Wabasha county, where he lived until March, 1878, when he moved on his present estate, consisting of 332 acres. Was chairman of the board two or three years; and the family are members of the West Florence Church. Jane, James, John, Annie M., Jennette, Mary, Martha and Isabel, are their living children. Lost one, William D.

JOHNSTON, A. M. C, farmer, sec. 24, P. 0. Lake City. Bom in Alleghany county, Pa., in 1829, and emigrated from that State to this county in 1856, purchasing 160 acres of his present estate subject to scrip, and returned East, coming again in March of the following year. His present residence, formerly built and occupied as a hotel, was burned in 1857, and rebuilt, after which Mr. J. purchased it, where he has since made it his home. This house is situated opposite Maiden Rock, and commands an extensive view of Lake Pepin and its beautiful shore. Married Celia A. Canfield, May 16, 1861. She was born in Broome county, N. Y., in 1840. Her father, J. W. Canfield, came to this county and settled in Wacoota in 1855, and was one of the early pioneers. Clara L. is their only living child. Lost one child, George W.

KELLT, DR. JOHN, retired physician, residence Central Point, P. 0. Lake City. Born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1801, and with parents emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1817, where in 1820 he married Esther Bishop. She was born in Lansingburgh, Rensselaer county, N. Y., in 1795. In 1823 moved to Ohio, and in 1829 to Kalamazoo, Mich., where he pre-empted 160 acres of land, and lived until 1845, when he moved to St. Joseph county, and in 1849 crossed the plains to California, returning by way of the Isthmus the following year. In the spring of 1853 came to this county and settled near the town plat of Florence, where he purchased 160 acres under the half breed act, and is the oldest living settler in this township. In 1866 his wife died, leaving four children, Franklin, Moses, Elizabeth and David B. His present wife, Julia Doane, was born in Worcester county, Mass., in 1808. In the spring of 1869 he moved to Lake City, where he resided until 1874, when he moved to his present estate, where he lives in retirement. Was chosen one of the board of supervisors the first organization of the State and county, and is otherwise identified with the interests of the town and county. Mary, Sarah E., and Annie J. are their living children.

MCLEAN, N. C.j retired farmer, Frontenac. Son of Hon. John McLean, of Ohio, associate justice of the supreme court of the United States, was born in Warren county, 0., Feb. 2, 1813. At sixteen years of age he graduated at Augusta College, Ky., and went immediately to Harvard College, where lie passed through the studies of the senior classes as a resident graduate, and then entered the law school, followed his profession until his health failed, when he took a sea voyage to Europe. Returning benefitted, again commenced the practice of his profession. Married in 1858 Mary L. Thompson. She was born in Lewiston, Ky. Organized the 75th regt. 0. V. I.; Com. Col., Sept. 18, 1861. In Jan., 1862, was ordered to West Virginia. At Cross Keys was promoted to the command of a brigade of four regiments, and Nov. 29 commissioned as brigadier-general. Served with McLellan, Burnside, Hooker, and participated in all the active operations through the battle of Chancellorville. When Burnside was relieved of his command, he was ordered to the command of a brigade, and participated in the battles ofKenesaw, Lost Mountain and Saltville, Va. During the war he was off duty only thirty days. In 1866 he came to this county and retired to the quietness of his beautiful home in the village, which stands on a commanding eminence overlooking the waters of Lake Pepin. Also owns 394 acres, valued at $10,000. Jacob B., Caroline B., wife of H. A. V. Post, of New York; Evaline, wife of Charles W. Whipple; John, Elizabeth M., Mary L., Nathlie, Marshall, Henriette P., are their living children. Lost three children, Rebecca, Nathaniel C. and Larz A.

ROBERTS, W. H. H., farmer, sec. 18, P. 0. Red Wing. Born in Royalton, N. Y., in 1836, and in 1837, his parents emigrated and settled in Jackson county, Mich., where his father is still living. Came to this county in 1858, and settled on his present estate in 1860. Has a farm of 160 acres, which he secured on homestead act, where he has since made it his home.

Is clerk of the school district, and a mason. Values his land at $40 per acre. In 1873, he married Mary A. Mann. She was born in Pulaski, Mich., in 1851. Louis, Harry and one not yet christened, are their children.

SCHNEIDER, WILLIAM, merchant, Frontenac. Born in Cincinnati, 0-, in 1852, and came to this county and village in 1862, and was clerk in his father's store. In 3 874 married Charlotte Fraund. She was born in Germany in 1854. In the spring of 1878 he opened his present place of business, where he has since made it his home, and is conducting a fair and prosperous trade. Is member of I. 0. 0. F., and well known. Henry C, and one not yet christened, are their living children.

SWEENEY, MICHAEL, farmer, sec. 30, P. 0. Lake City. Born in St. Johns, N. B., in 1827. Emigrated to this county in 1852, and settled in Red Wing. In 1858 he crossed the plains, traveling on foot up the Mississippi to St. Anthony, thence to Fort Garry and Fort Colvin, and was one of the founders of Virginia City. Was one of the vigilance committee that hung several notorious characters at that time; and the experience of his travels, together with incidents, are thrilling in the extreme. On his return from California, in 1864, and while a portion of his party were in camp on the Yellowstone River, they were attacked by the Indians and three of the party were killed and three wounded. Returned to this county in 1865, and in 1868 married Mary A. Warta. She was born in Bohemia in 1848. Owns farm of 160 acres, valued at $50 per acre. Ellen, Margaret, Elizabeth A., Mary and Francis, are their living children. Lost one child, Annie. Mr. S. has also traveled extensively through the different States of the Union, and is well known.

SOUTHERLAND, JAMES, farmer, sec. 6, P. 0. Wacoota. Born in Dutchess county, N. T., in 1813; emigrated to Fox River, Cook county, 111., in 1837. Married Ann McGinnis in 1839. She was born in Vermont in 1820, and died in 1855, leaving three children - Helen, Ella C. and Josephine. They lost one child, Harriet. In 1857 Mr. Southerland came to this county and settled in this town, where he pre-empted 160 acres of land, and was chosen by the citizens to pre-empt the town site. Here he engaged in the mercantile business three years, when he moved to Red

Wing, and became proprietor of the Kelly House, and in 1869, moved to Muskegan county, Mich., and resided until 1871, when he returned and purchased his present estate of 148 acres, valued at $50 per acre. His present wife, Emily Post, was born in Seneca county, N. Y., in 1822. Helen, second daughter, was educated at the university of Red Wing, and graduated from that institution in 1863, teaching in the same school some years, also High School at Minneapolis, and State University.

SCHNEIDER, JACOB, merchant, P. 0. Frontenac. Born in Germany in 1831, and emigrated to America in 1851, and lived one year in New York city, when he moved to Cincinnati, 0., where in 1856 he married Doretha Shale. She was born in Germany. In 1858 he came to this county and settled in Frontenac. In 1861 he enlisted in the 7th Minn. I., Co. G, and served three years; one of which was against the Indians. Participated in battles of Nashville, Mobile, and all the battles in which that regiment was engaged. Honorably discharged at the close of the war ; returned and opened hotel at Frontenac, where he resided until 1872, when he came to this village and erected his present residence and store, where he has since continued in business. Are members of Lutheran Church.

TERWILMGER, GILBERT, farmer, sec. 16, P. 0. Frontenac. Born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1827. Married Margaret A. Sandt, in 1848. She was born in Northampton county, Pa., m 1829. Came to this county in 1860, and settled on his present estate, consisting of 160 acres, which he purchased of the half-breeds, and where he has since made it his home. Filled the office of chairman of the town board ten years, and is well known. Elizabeth, Emma, George, Charles, Eugene and Irvine, are their children.

WEED, DAVID T., farmer and broom manufacturer, sec. 31, residence Central Point, P. 0. Lake City. Born in Fairfield, Conn., in 1818, from which State he emigrated to Kenosha county, Wis., and was one of the first settlers in that territory, taking charge of 1,000 acres of land. In 1855 went to Fox River, Wis., where he married Mary Northfield. She was born in England in 1 836. In 1856 moved to Fond du Lac, and in 1858 came to this county, bringing 3,000 head of cattle, which he lost by speculation, and has acquired his present position by his perseverance and industry. Now owns farm of 195 acres, valued at $75 per acre. Was justice of the peace three years, town treasurer and school treasurer, and was always interested and identified in the interests of the town and county. Josephine, Fannie, Martha, Charles, Lincoln and Jennie are their living children. Lost two, Jessie and David.

Source changes here: from Goodhue County, Minnesota, Past and Present, by [Hancock, Joseph Woods], published 1893; 657 words in this source stream.

Florence Township

This township is joined to the waters of Lake Pepin on the northeast for the distance of about seven miles, extending from Wacoata to Central Point. It is bounded south by Wabasha county, and on the west by Hay Creek township. The surface is uneven, but the soil very fertile. It is well watered by Wells creek and its many tributaries ; running, as it does, from west to east through the centre of the town, giving it decided advantages for raising stock and dairying.

It has a history older than any other in the county. An account of its early occupation by French traders and missionaries has been given in the first part of this book. It is related that Count Frontenac visited the place about the middle of the seventeenth century. His name has therefore been given to the village on the

At Frontenac station is a post-office, hotel, several shops and stores. A large creamery and cheese factory is carried on by a stock company; and there is a stone saw-mill, which is doing good business in furnishing building material of any required shape, tombstones, monuments, etc., from quarries in the vicinity, where there is an abundance of fine solid stone of a light brown color. The town hall is located in this village, and also the German Lutheran church.

At Lakeside is another village called Frontenac, a well chosen summer resort for sportsmen, and others who take a vacation during the hot season. Gen. Israel Garrard, of Cincinnati, Ohio, came to this place on a hunting tour in 1854, in company with his brother. Dr. L. H. Garrard. Attracted by the scenery along the lake shore, they afterward made large investments in land in this vicinity.

Dr. Garrard came and settled here in 1858. The general came after the close of the war, in 18^5, and together they made arrangements for a summer resort on the shore of Lake Pepin, giving it the name of Frontenac. It is near the old Indian trading post of James Wells. Sparing neither money nor labor they have succeeded in making it one of the finest places in the Northwest for summer tourists. Two parks, extending through the village, one on the lake front, and the other on the second terrace, secure lovely views of the lake and surrounding scenery.

in picturesque arrangement, are cottages for those who desire to live separate from the hotels. Here are croquet and tennis lawns, a light house, boat houses, bathing houses and stabling. Frontenac is in the center of a fine region of country for pleasure seekers to enjoy boating, fishing and hunting ; and as such has already gained a national reputation. There are charming drives to the fine points of view on the surrounding bluffs, over good roads. The drive along the lake shore, six miles, to Lake City, affords many a delightful prospect.

Maiden's Rock, which has long been famous in story and song, is in full view^ on the opposite shore, and easily reached by row or sail. It is no wonder that every summer we hear that Frontenac is thronged with visitors from all parts.

There are three church edifices in this town. There is an Episcopal church at Frontenac village and a German Lutheran church at the railroad station. A church was built in the southwestern part of the town in 1S71, by Presbyterians, at a cost of about $2,000, which has since passed into the hands of the Lutherans and is now used by that denomination for public worship.

The township was organized in 1858 with Dr. John Kelly, chairman of the board of supervisors and J. C. Carey, clerk. The next board consisted of Dr. L. H. Garrard, E. Z. K. Munger, L. Utley, Peter Grant. The riouring mills have been for a time doing business on Wells' creek, within this town, but at the present time are not in active operation.

Source changes here: from History of Goodhue County, Minnesota, by Curtiss-Wedge, Franklyn, published 1909; 3,055 words in this source stream.

Florence Township

Florence constitutes all of township 112, range 13, lying in Goodhue county. A portion of Wacoota bounds it on the north, Lake Pepin forms its northeastern border for a distance of many miles. Central Point also lies to the east. At the south is Wabasha county, and on the west is Hay Creek. The township was organized under the general act of 1858, with its present boundaries. It was named in honor of Florence Graham, daughter of Judge Chris. Graham, of Red Wing.

The surface is broken and hilly, with deep valleys running westward from Lake Pepin. In sections 3 and 8 there is considerable peat, and it is probable that this deposit in various parts of the township is much more plentiful than is generally supposed. The soil is fertile, well watered by Wells' creek, which, with its many tributaries, has a general course from west to east. The farmers of the township pay particular attention to stock raising and dairying, and have achieved some remarkable results along these lines.

The early history is identical with that of Frontenac, and reaches hack to the middle of the seventeenth century. The following is a list of the township officers in the earlier days of its organization, the first named under each date being the chairman, the next two supervisors, and the last the clerk: 1858 - L. IT. Garrard, F. Z. K. Munger, L. I'tley. Peter Grant. 1860 - H. F. Simmons, William Arnold, E. Z. K. Munger, Calvin Potter. 1861 - II. F. Simmons, E. Z. K. Munger, William Arnold, J. A. Owens. 1862 - E. Z. K. Munger, J. C. Bennewitz, John Wear, W. E. Low.-ll. 1863 - J. 0. Bennewitz, S. R, Merrill, J. D. Spinney. W.'E. Lowell. 1861 - J. C. Bennewitz, J. D. Spinney, Rufus Dennin, W. E. Lowell. 1865 - G. Terwillinger. O. P. Francisco, L. II. Garrard. II. Lorentzen. 1866 - G. Terwilliger, 0. P. Francisco. Jeptha Garrard, H. Lorentzen. 1867 - Calvin Potter, N. 0. McLean, David Walker. II. Lorentzen. 1868 - G. Terwilliger, D. Walker, R, Menzel, II. Lorentzen. 1869 - G. Terwilliger,

Frontenac, rich in historic traditions, and decorated by the hand of Nature in her most lavish mood, dates its settlement back to the beginning of the eighteenth century, when the sandy point directly opposite Maiden Rock was the scene of much French activity. It is situated in the northeastern part of the town of Florence, on beautiful terraces rising from the level of Lake Pepin. Above the village rises the towering peak of Point No-Point, so called from the fact that the winding of the lake is such that the approaching traveler from down the river, after sighting the point from six or seven miles away, gets apparently no nearer to it until he reaches Frontenac and finds himself a1 its very base.

Maiden Rock, opposite Point an Sable, has the common Indian tradition of the maiden who, forbidden to marry her lover, leaped to her death from its precipitous height. The story, told in a breezy manner in a newspaper some years ago. is perhaps more interesting reading than the same story related in more dignified language. The story alluded to is as follows: "A Dakotah maiden, Wenona, camped at the foot of the rock with her family once upon a time, as they say in the fairy tales.

Wenona was a very beautiful maiden. Maidens who are heroines of romantic tales are always beautiful, no matter what their color may be. Of course "Wenona had lovers. There was a rich old chief who had polecat skins without number, and ponies and whatever else in the way of personal possessions that made an Indian a desirable suitor in those days. To be sure, he was old, but that did not matter - in the eyes of Wenona 's parents. AYenona herself had given her young heart and love to a brave and handsome warrior named Chaska, who, however, being young, had not yet had time to accumulate polecat skins, and so on. He was therefore not at all desirable in the eyes of the parents, as is often the ease with poor young lovers and prudent old folks. The maiden's parents argued that love is an illusion, and that wealth, represented by polecats or any other commodity, is a very substantial fact, which is a very foolish thing for a maiden to ignore. So these cruel parents forbade their daughter to see the young brave any more and insisted that she marry the rich old chief with the pelts. They thought that settled the question ; but a few evenings later there came floating down from the summit of the Rock, nearly a hundred feet higher, the death song of the heart-broken and faithful AYenona. AVhen it was finished the maid leaped out and fell, a bruised and broken corpse, on the jagged rocks below, almost at the feet of her heartless parents." James AY ells, the Indian trader, and others accuiainted with Indian character and ways, were asked some fifty years ago what they thought of this tradition, but all agreed that it was unlike the Indian, and that the Indians themselves put little faith in the story. Moreover, Chaska and AYenona are names signifying simply the oldest born son and daughter, respectively, and occurred in every Dakota family.

Modern Frontenac had a beginning in the late forties of the nineteenth century, when the old Indian trader, James Wells, more familiarly known as "Bully" AVells. AVells sold his building in 1854 to Everett AVestervelt, and removed to Fairbault,k afterward meeting with a tragic fate at the hands of the Sioux during the frontier outbreak of 1862. In October of that year Israel Garrard and Louis Garrard spent some time along the shores of Lake Pepin, and greatly prepossessed with the historic associations and beautiful scenery, concluded to secure an interest along the lake shore. Dr. L. II. Garrard went to Europe, where he remained two years, Avhile General Israel Garrard, afterward one of the county's most distinguished citizens, remained at the trading post with Everett AVestervelt. In 1857, when the half-breed scrip was. issued, Frontenac was purchased by Air. AVestervelt and Israel Garrard and divided into quarter interests, Air. AVestervelt owning one, L. H. Garrard one, Israel

Garrard one, and Kennet Garrard, then in the United States army, the other quarter. General Garrard established what was practically a baronial estate at Frontenac, naming it St. Hubert's lodge. For ages to come, the village of Frontenac, on the lakeside, will be inseparably connected with the names of General Israel, Dr. L. H., General Kenner and Colonel Jeptha Garrard, and with that of General McLean, the mother of the Garrards having married his father, Judge McLean. Among the guests at St. Hubert's have been such celebrities as General Charles King, the popular novelist, and Joseph Jefferson, the great actor, as well as innumerable army officers of national note.

Frontenac at the present time is a popular summer resort. The Frontenac Inn occupies a point projecting into the lake, consisting of several acres of ground. About this hotel are cottages in picturesque positions, and in the neighborhood are croquet and tennis lawns, boat houses, bathing houses and stables. There are fine opportunities for boating, fishing and hunting, which have won for the place a national prominence. There are charming drives to the fine points of view on the surrounding bluffs on good roads. The drive along the lake shore, six miles to Lake City, affords many a delightful prospect. An Episcopalian chapel offers opportunities for Sabbath worship. Near by is the Villa Maria school for girls, conducted by the Ursuline

Frontenac Inn, one of the most desirable summer resorts on the Mississippi river, is managed by Celestine M. Schaller, whose able conduct of the place is bringing back to Frontenac some of the prominence which in former days it occupied in the summer plans of people in search of rest, amusement or recreation. It is a comfortable building, with airy rooms, plenty of sunshine and with a beautiful view from every window. Situated along a picturesque drive are a number of roomy and comfortable cottages which are used by the guests of the Inn. The Inn and the cottages are surrounded by a beautiful park. Fishing, boating, croquet, tennis and dancing are among the amusements offered, while those who enjoy walks and drives can find no more picturesque surroundings. Many of the large Mississippi boats stop at the Inn and a buss connects the place with the railroad at Frontenac station. The table at the Inn is widely known for its excellence. Miss Schaller is a capable manager, and the place is being improved year by year under her direction.

Frontenac Station is on the S. M. & St. Paul railway, twelve miles south of Ked Wing. It has a German Lutheran church, a stone yard, a grain elevator, a saloon, general stores and blacksmiths. The town hall is also located in this village. The stone quarries are worthy of extended note. The stone is of a light

The Frontenac stone quarry has been operated more or less since the early fifties. Its light cream stone, used for general ornamental work, is no'ted throughout the United States, and is used in the interior of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, the great church of the Episcopal denomination in New York, and one of the handsomest church edifices in America, which will cause its praises to be sung by countless generations to come. Among three hundred samples of stone submitted, from the best quarries in the world, the Frontenac stone was selected as being the most suited for interior work of the most exquisite nature. Other smaller contracts have all shown the adaptability and beauty of this stone. George "Wood Garrard, the owner and manager of the quarry, has taken an artistic as well as a business interest in the Frontenac product.

General Israel Garrard, for nearly half a century the patriarchal sage and patron of Frontenac, was probably a man of wider and more distinguished fame than anyone else who has resided in this county. Of him it lias well been said: "General Garrard was beloved by all who knew him, for his kindly and courtly manner toward all - for he was a peer among the finished gentlemen of his age - and by many he was regarded with a love that could but spring from hearts that had been soothed in times of tribulation and distress by his more than generous sympathy and substantial assistance. The extent of his benevolence, touching the needs of scores of the distressed in this region and elsewhere, will never be fully known. For. though his liberality to all who were in distress is known to have been munificent and far-reaching, he was one who never permitted his loving kindness to be noised about."

Israel Garrard was born in Lexington. Ky., October 22, 1825, the oldest son of Jeptha D. Garrard and Sarah Bella Ludlow, his wife. He was descended on the paternal side from James Garrard, one of the earliest settlers and governors of Kentucky, and on the maternal side from Israel Ludlow, one of the original proprietors of the townsite of Cincinnati. As a boy Israel Garrard was a pupil of Ormsby M. Mitchell, afterward attending Cary's Academy and also Bethany College in "West Virginia. He read law with Judge Swayne. at Columbus, Ohio, and graduated from the Harvard law school, at Cambridge. Mass. At the age of twenty-nine, in company with Dr. Louis H. Garrard, General Garrard came into the wilds of Minnesota on a hunting trip. For several weeks he camped on the shores of Lake Pepin, and being impressed with its beauties, determined to make the spot his future borne. He took up a tract of land several hundred acres in extent, running for over seven miles along the shore, and over half as far hack from the water. This land was in the famous half-breed tract, and Colonel Garrard obtained it from the old Jean Baptiste Faribault, paying for the half-breed scrip to the old French-Indian, on the spot where the city of Faribault now stands. The original hunting trip was made in the fall of 1854, and the purchase was confirmed in 1857. After the hunting trip in 1854 Dr. Garrard went to Europe for two years, while General Garrard remained at Frontenac with Everett Westervelt. the successor of James Wells, the Indian trader. In 1857, when the half-breed scrip was issued and the purchase of Frontenac was made, the Garrard tract was divided into quarters, Everett Westervelt owning one, Dr. Garrard one, Israel Garrard one, and Kenner Garrard, then in the amy, another. General Garrard at once started the establishment of St. Hubert's lodge. The lodge, now owned by his son, is a quaint mansion, built after the style of the old southern houses of antebellum days. A stag's head with a cross between the antlers is the coat of arms of the residence, after the patron of hunters. St. Hubert, who, having as a roysterer dared to desecrate Good Friday by a riotous hunt, was stopped by a spirit stag with a crucifix on his forehead, after which the knight, awe-struck dropped on his knees in the forest, surrounded by his retainers, and devoted his life to the cause of religion, the wild hunters becoming monks, and Hubert their abbot, the castle being converted into a monastery. Albert Durer, the father of etching, long ago portrayed the scene, and a heleotype of the etching, from the Gray collection at Harvard, occupies a. place of honor in the library of the Garrard mansion. Around St. Hubert's lodge at Frontenac were gradually erected small cottages, in which were domiciled the working people of the estate. These were brought from Cincinnati by General Garrard and were, almost without exception, Germans.

When the Rebellion broke out, General Garrard, faithful to the Union, hurried south. He raised a troop of cavalry at Cincinnati, equipped it at his own expense and then presented it to the governor of Ohio. Of this regiment, the Seventh Ohio Cavalry, he was the colonel, having had some previous experience during the siege of Cincinnati, on the staff of Major McDowell, commanding the organization of city and state forces. After the mustering in of his regiment, until the close of the war, he was absent from the field but eight days, and then his command was in camp recruiting. He commanded ;i brigade much of the time, and after the capture of Stoneman on the Macon raid before Atlanta he commanded what remained of the division. June 21. 1865, he was promoted to brigadier general by brevet, and on July 4 of the same year he was mustered out. On taking leave of his regiment he was presented with a cavalry standard, on which was embroidered the following epitome of his service: "Carter Raid, Dutton Hill, Monticello, West's Gap, Xnffmgton Island, Cumberland Gap, Blue Springs, Blountville, Rogersvillc. Morristown, Cheek's Cross Roads. Bean Station, Dandridge, Massy Creek, Fair Garden. Synthiana, Atlanta, Duck River, Nashville, Plantersville, Selma and Columbus." On the plate on the staff is an inscription expressing the regiment's confidence in him as a leader and its respect for him as a patriot and gentleman.

At the close of the war the general returned to Frontenac, and with occasional trips to the East, spent the remainder of his life on his estate. He loved books and was a great reader. His generosity was proverbial among the people of southern Minnesota. He was a member of no church, but contributed to all. He almost supported the little Episeopalian chapel, and the Lutherans found him a willing contributor. He gave the Ursuline sisters 100 acres of land on which to build their convent, and there are few rooms in the building that do not contain some article presented by him. The general was a most hospitable man and entertained many well known people at St. Hubert's lodge. General ( 'harles King was a frequent guest, and several of his popular novels were written while at St. Huberl "s. General King was so impressed by the beauty of Frontenac that he made the cottages and hotel the scene of several stories. Joseph Jefferson made St. Hubert's his headquarters for many a fishing excursion, and the army officers always found the latch string hanging outward. General Garrard was very fond of military men. his active service having given him an interest in them which was shared by his two brothers. General Kenner Garrard and Colonel Jeptha Garrard. The former was a West Point graduate, and the latter, like his brother Israel, presented a troop of cavalry to his governor.

Israel Garrard was married in May. 1856, to Catherine Wood, the oldest daughter of George Wood, a distinguished New York law7yer. To this union wTere born two children, George Wood Garrard and Margaret Hills Garrard. The general died September 21. 1901. as the result of injuries received while extinguishing a fire caused by an overturned lamp. He is laid to rest in the family cemetery, the spot being one which he and his wife selected many years ago. In his death the county lost a distinguished citizen, hundreds lost a warm friend, and his generation lost a most kindly and noble soul. Mrs. Garrard died January 12, 1867.

Gecrge Wood Garrard, son of General Israel Garrard, was born in Peekskill, X. Y.. August 20, 1863. He was educated at Morgan Park Military Academy. Chicago 111., and supplemented this training with extensive travels in Europe and the Orient. Like his father, he has been a collector, and the Garrard mansion now contains many relics and works of art which he has added to the family heirlooms. His collection of Japanese curios is particularly interesting. Mr. Garrard has devoted his life to managing the Garrard estates, and at the present time is manager and owner of the Frontenae Stone Company, mentioned elsewhere. He was married in 1889, October 31, to Virginia Colden Hoffman, daughter of Lindley Murray Hoffman, a prominent New York broker, and his wife, Margaret Mott. To Mr. and Mrs. George Wood Garrard have been born three daughters, Beulah Murray, Evelyn Stuart and Catherine Wood, all at home.