Delaware Gazette, 1858-03-26

with excitement and in his distracted frenzy (he banks can afford hire - no relief, and be flies to the monied Shylock, his last resort. Shylock tells him be must' pay him five per cent, per month 'for the use of his mo mo-ftey. - ftey. mo-ftey. "The law gives it," and "he must have it." Now, sir, I ask the advocates of free trade wbefber he would be free to take it or let it alone. He is free to take it, and does take it. The crisis cofflinoes; he finds col collections - lections collections impossible and his loan only serves "to race his fall and make his ruin glori- OUS." t . Now sir to illustrate farther soppose the Honorable gentlemen from Lucas f Sir. Ray Raymond, - mond, Raymond, who has been put forward as the free trade champion in this disscosion; suppose I s ay, that gentlemen slrortld be travelling through a wilderness country, and should be waylaid by ruffians and robbed, and after be being - ing being robbed of bis money should be strung" np to a tree, and while thus suspended between the heavens and earth, I should in my trav travels - els travels pass by him and he should call me to take my kr.i.'e and cot him down, I would say to him, true, t have a knife, but it is my knife and I paid my own money for it: to be sure I can cut you down; ba IJiad nothing to do in putting you thsre. -If you will give me one thousand dollars I will do it; if not, you may fjang fof all of me. Now, sir, I "ask whether the gentleman in that case would be free to accept or reject my proposition ? The merchant in the case I have supposed would be just as free to accept or reject the proposition of the moneyed capitalist, as the gentleman would be in the predicament I have imagined him, and no more so. I assume that money, being the creature of Govern ment.the Govern men t not only has the right, bul it is its duty to prescribe ihe pre premium - mium premium for the use of money. The question then arises, What is a proper rate of inter interest? - est? interest? What, can the borrower afford to pay for the use of money to bs employed in some regular business! If ten per cent, then let it be established' at 10 per cent; if 8 per cent, then it shou!d be 8 par-cent; and if 7 per cent, is all tb.it the borrower can afford to pay, them that rate should be established as the maximum rate " The act passed March 14, 1850, authori authorizing - zing authorizing paries to contract for the payment of interest t the rale of 10 percent., was an act intended to be a 'ompromise between a properrate of interest and Tre trade in non- ey . I presume no member of this" House will claim that any one can afiord to pay I? Per cent, for the use of money to be used in ag ricultural, manufacturing or mercantile pur pursuits. - suits. pursuits. The borrower is .compelled to py that and more sometimes is an emergency to pay debts with. And sometimes, the bor borrower - rower borrower can eftord to pay 10 per c?nt. interest for the use of money to cheat soma one with. But .ho manufacturer, the merchant and agri agriculturist, - culturist, agriculturist, who pay 10 per cent interest for their capital, will in time be broken up and ruined. Such is its history, and the observa observation - tion observation end xperience of every member of this House must confirm this proposition.. 1 ap appeal - peal appeal to members to recall to their minds the recent failures among the merchants, drovers and manufacturers, and than answer them selves the questionwhat proportion of them wero ruined by high rates of interest?- The number of recent failures in all parts of our State; the families who supposed ihemsoves in the possession of a competence, if not af affluence, - fluence, affluence, who have suddenly and unexpected unexpectedly - ly unexpectedly experienced n reverse of fortune, and have b:;en stripped destitute, is a .su'j-:ct painfully distressing to a contemplative mind. The wife and children is most in instances - stances instances are kept Jn blissful ignorance of the trim r miilhi.in lit' tin- husband and narent. ; uiHil ths seizure of their household goods by the officer, or the p i,toi crack of the sui- cide makes the unwelcome dlsclosllre.- r ... :..,.,.,. i , w..rh -.10 ,.r interest are made to voun" and inexnerienc- J 3 ' . - ii many i t .-i i n 1 1 1- , iuuii tv n't - ed persons, who manage to ItldOco their friends to indorse for them j 10 start them in buseniss. They have no appreciation of money. They have neither the experience nor the judgment to manage money or con conduct - duct conduct any extended business suceesfully. They embark in wild and hazardous specula speculations, - tions, speculations, expecting suddenly to become rich, and as suddenly Wcome poori and Very frequent frequently - ly frequently involve friends with them in hopeless ru ruin. - in. ruin. The man 'f -experience,' wtios-? judg judgment - ment judgment is matured, who has "learn-id to la labor - bor labor and to wait," and whose habits of indus industry - try industry and economy are confirmed, and who is willing to make riches by slow bul sure ad advancement, - vancement, advancement, refuses to borrow money at this ruinous rate. It is therefore loaned to un- sKilful operators, who are enticed away from some , honest and worthy occupation, in which they could make themselves useful to community, and respectable members of so society, - ciety, society, tor more showy and ambitious pursuits. The facilities for borrowing money should never be made too ea.-y. The farmer, well to do iu the world, somelimes wishes to bor borrow - row borrow money to stock his farm, or to purchase ricultural implements for farming. 1 us public interest requires that he should be ac commodated and at a reasonable rate of in terest. And so with the merchant, the me mechanic, - chanic, mechanic, and the manufacturer. As stated upon a form.?r occasion, I was a member of this House when this law was j passed, and was one of its supporters, and to use the language of our distinguished Sena Senator, - tor, Senator, Mr. Piigh, who was then a member of this House, and one of its most active auvo auvo-cates - cates auvo-cates and supporters, "I confess my support of this law with a feeling of shame." It is law that originated with the Brokers of 3d st. Cincinnati. They had their paid lob by to leg with members for its passage du during - ring during the whole session, and so far ns I know every member of th House that passed this law now regrets its passage. Such is the case with Senator Pugh.'Dr. Carney of Del aware, Mr. Copeland of Marion, and others. And I think any one must come to the same conclusion, who has reflected upon the sub ject. At the passage of this act, t'.io state was upon the eve of a long season of unparallel ed prosperity. It was just after the close of the war with Mexico. The people had en entirely - tirely entirely recovered from the financial embar rassments of 1837 and 1838, aud were out of debt. The Russian war in the Crimea, and famine in some of the countries in the old world; the gold mines of California and Australia all these causes combined to keep up the prices. Real estate, both in the city ond country, advanced with a rapi dity unknown in our history. All the spec ulator had to do was to borrow money, in vest it in real estate, and no matter what the price was he was sure, by keeping it a few months to make money by the purchase. Real estate doubled, trebled, -end in some places quadruped in value in the short space $f a few months. This advance in the price of real estate continued until about 1854- when it reached the point where "gravita tion shif tin 2 turns the other- way." And now real estate is either declining or station ary; in the towns ana cities me icnaoncy ia downard most decidely, and must continue 1 10 be so as long as this improvident and un

0? KB; HUB BELL, Of Delaware Co.; on the Beport of the Ccte Ccte-miUe - miUe Ccte-miUe on Currency , recommending the indefi indefi-nit - nit indefi-nit postponement of the Bill to rwpoal the Ten per Cent Law," made in the Hoose of Representative, March 6th,lS53. - Jig. Sfeakeb: I am in favor of the pas sage of this bill and threre fore -hope the House will not concur in this report; andf whatever way be its fate it will not abate my anxiety for the passage of the bill to estab lish "a uniform rate ot interest" at 7 per cent- It was my intention to reserve what remarks I might wish to make upon the sub ject of our usury laws until the 7 per cent. bill was before the Hotue. But as this is a measure iu which my constituents feel a deep interest I feel it my duty to present to the House some reflections upon the princi principle - ple principle involved in this bill. In the organization of our system of government, the trainers of our federal constitution wisely conferred np np-6n - 6n np-6n the law making power the right "to coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures."" la doing this they were but following the examples cf all nations of the civilized world. The right to coin mo money - ney money and regulate iu value is a high legisla legislative - tive legislative prerogative, and most necessarily be ex exercised - ercised exercised by government from. the very nature and use of money, , Unlike merchandise an 1 other productions of industry and private en enterprise, - terprise, enterprise, money is the creature of govern government, - ment, government, designed as an instrument to represent '.heir value, as the yard stick is to measure tape, or the half bushel to measure wheat. The yard stick measures tape, money deter determines - mines determines its value. " The half bushel measures wheat, and money fixes ito value. The scales ascertain the weight of hay, and mo money' - ney' money' its value." The standard of weights and measures and money are prescribed by the government. The tape, wheat and hay are rotilicUona of private iudustry. The pro pro-duetJOcslLjudustry - duetJOcslLjudustry pro-duetJOcslLjudustry have an intriusic vaiua, they are worn""nd consumed. Money has no instrinsic vJueHiJs neither worn nor consumed. The one" rises and falls; not so with the other. A dollar la au.?tiar, and iu standard value is not affected by lime ?rtfis" tance. All over the world governmeni hua given it, by the stamp it bears, a power and a privilega the bushel of wheat does not pos possess. - sess. possess. The dollar is worth a dollar to-day, and will be worth the same to morrow, no matter what fluctuations may occur in the markets. ' Not so with the bushel of'vvheat; it may be worth a dollar to-duy, and lo mor row but fifty cents. The one is a lawful ten tender - der tender the other is not. The one is borrowed and loaned, the other is bought and sold. These are a few ot the many distinctions between money, the creature of government, and the productions of industry. And they are distinctions that must ever exist, neces necessarily,, - sarily,, necessarily,, from .the character of money. It would be impracticable for government to fix a uniform standard of value for wheat and corn, pork and beef and all the productions of the soil, and the wares of the mechanic aud manufacturer, and were it practicable, no one desires to see those articles made a lawful tender in payment of debts. Sidney tharel'ore being the creature of government, and under the control of legislation, I hold that it is the duty of government to prescribe, by law, the premium that it shall be lawful lor the borrower to pay for the u. of mo money. - ney. money. , Such laws have been found necessary from the early ages of the world. O.ving tj.the great power of money, arid its blunting in fluence upon the conscience, Moses, the Jewish lawgiver, prohibited a Jew from re ceiving interest up. n loans of money to his fellow Jew. The republic of ancient Athens guarded the people against the rapacity of the Shylock, bv the most stringent usury laws. .And from the days of Moses, down through all succeeding generations, to John Wesley and the present time, the wisest lawgivers, the ablest jurists, and the purest Christains, have been the firmest supporters of usury laws, guarded with suitable penal ties and restriction?, to secure their obser observance. - vance. observance. - And there is no civilized nation or community-upon the globe, at the present time., without usury laws, except California and Holland. And while Utopian theorists has advocated the doctrine of free trade in money, the practical statesmen of every nation have heeni opposed to it in most all ages of the world. The experiment of free trade in money has been tried in different countries at diuvrent limes; but the expe experience - rience experience of every nation under this policy has been brief and very satisactory to the pei pie. It was tried in England over two hundred years ago, for a period of about nineteen years and was attended with the most disastrous consequences to all the commer commercial - cial commercial and business relations of life. And the result of that poljcy was to compel Parliament to pass a law establishing 12 per cent, and then- one enactment after another, reducing the rate of ititerest from 12 per cent to 10; and from 10. to 8, and from 8 to 6, and fi finally - nally finally terminating, in the celebrated statute of queen Anne, fixing the rate of interest at 5 per cent, on the hundred, which has been the basis ever since. At a more recent pe period, - riod, period, and jn our own country, and within the memory of the members of this House, the experiment has been tried in the State ef Indiana; and stiil more recently in the state of Wisconsin; and the practical effects and fruits of this policy, were universal distress and general bankruptcy. This policy has been abandoned, and the rate of interest now provided by law in the State of Indiana is 6 per cent, on the hundred, and a penalty of 10 percent, is iuiposed. upon the usurer for the violation of the law; and in Wiscon sin the rat? is 7 per cent., with the privilege of contracting for 12 per, cent. This poli cy, whenever and wherever adopted, has re suited "in evil and 6Vil only continually' Thus it will be seen, in the light tf history, Mr, Speaker, that the principle of the bill is sustained by the legislative experience and wisdom of the world. It is said by the advocates of the free trade policy that the capitalist has a right to use his money as he pleases, aim loan it for what ever rate of interest he pleases, because they say the borrower is free lo take it up on the terms Ihe capitalist may exact, or not at his pleasure. Sir, I deny this proposition. The speculator, I grant, who borrows money for the purpose of speculation, is free to tat it or let it alone, but not so with the debtor who borrows monev to pay debts. For ex ample, take the case of the village merchant: his business has been prosperous, by muus try and integrity uf character he gains the confidence of community and obtains credit to carry on his business. To accommodate his customers he sells them his goods on credit, Bnd unexpectedly a monetary crtsis bucIi as we are now passing through falls up nn the country, his notes go to .protest, an judgment is obtained upon them and execu executions - tions executions are in Ihe hands of the officers; his credit must be preserved, his property saved from aacrifice, he has a wife, and family of little children to support and eduoatej these thoughts cross his .mind and he (urns pale

sible to water at pleasure. ' Thry iwere also fed about a half a buahet of 'oil e'orr! in the ear, per day. Now suppose ihe cost of keeping to have been 1J3 per month, each, during the 'two months". The entire cost of both would be 83.' ' Suppose again (hat hia own supply ofoiilk and butter,-and the calve eowsftfered' would amply pey him fof keep-' ;. . -' " ' Then the one hundred and : twenty-fin . pounds of kroner is n-A gain. This butter !eing sold at fourteen cents par pound would amount to seventeen dollar aad fifty unit. .no this is ihe profit ui" two coics in- th short space of two months. With proper tat in the management of Block uar profits' would be increased many fold to what tire additon additon-al - al additon-al expense would be in bestowifcg that care This one instance to prove lliia staw- meiit. i CLVCifWATUa. CONGRESSIONAL;.- ; ' WiSirfWurow, March ti.-3A rs M" M"-C'riilenden - C'riilenden M"-C'riilenden spoko on the Kausaa bill. He re referred - ferred referred to ths right of ths p.'ople to govenV themselves as" a great principle, and applica applicable - ble applicable to ihe present circumstances. Th President, he said, ha recouacnende ,.,w.ith nnousul earnestness, Ihe a'iiuisaioii of Kanaa under ihe Lecoinptoin C.unalitutiot. , ; It was a question in his mind only of facta, whether the Lecotrrptom Constitution comer with such authority and sanction as obligs us to reeognhsa it u- tho. Constitution of. lint?j. .-"'"., He though ft i': 1 n .t. The evidence of Gv. Walker ani Sutituii show tint it ia ' ogansl the -.vi.l of un overwhelming maj rfity of the people. . f Mr. Crittenden recspilul ited the stato stato-twetiiM - twetiiM stato-twetiiM of I'm various - frauds in the election urt l then examined tbi Utility vf the L L-c.Kiuion - c.Kiuion L-c.Kiuion Constituiion, declaring that it w not ibj Constitution of Kansas, , but only of the cotiventirn' which; framed it. The vota often thousand on the 4th of January ehrv that it was not the Constitution- of tho peo- -pis. They tell you that it is particularly obnoxious to them becauso it is tained with1 frau 1. It is one of a series of frauds iuati iuati-gated - gated iuati-gated for the purpose of getting and keeping possession of the Govern nent of Kaim'i from the first eiectJDn carried by armed inva invaders - ders invaders from M;ss-urrdown to tho present day. Hence, he concluded, to imp s i it upon Kan Kansas - sas Kansas would be a plain aud palpable , violuLioa of the right of the people to govern thera-selves-j but,-continued Mr. Crittenden, ths Constitution carries on its lace tire evidence of corruption. The persons wha framed it know that it contained provisions which tha' F,ee Stale men could not aect to; there therefore - fore therefore none were allowed to oppose, ths sla slavery - very slavery provisions and ail. The six thousand votes shown in its favor were put in with the view of exhibiting a suitable majority and in order not to niaka the fraud too monstrous.- They went just beyond the line. Fraudulent intent was apparent throughout, and now ha asked, can gentlemen ignore. these frauds in the face ol internal evinence and conclusive testimony 1 The peopfo of Kansas say that it is not their Constitution,' and ask us to send it Jjack to be submit'.ed to a vote of the people. Can we, he askod, refuse such a request can Senators turn from such evidence to legal technicalities of a presumptions law! They ought to look to truth ani principle without searching" for presumptions and precedents. Holding the principles, he said he could not put forth bis name to aid the admission of Kansas under the Constitution. . He then a.-ked, what can Ids' South gt'tii . by the admission of Kansas under that con constitution! - stitution! constitution! No Senator believes that sua can be a slave state. The laws, climate and geography forbid it. .In support of the view he quoted the sentiments of several mem members - bers members of Congress, including Mr. Keltt. Mr. Hammond "Did Mr. Kt-ill say so!" Mr. Crittenden It was so reported." Mr. Hammond "Mr. Keitt quoted s pas passage - sage passage to that effect, but dl'd" not' endorse it." Mr.-Criltenden resumed, contending that ihe majority of the people of Kansas ahuulil be allowed to dake strch' a constitution as they pleased. That, he said,- is the gT-eat American principle. Th it is the principle of iUe South itself. He then spoke diacur diacur-sively - sively diacur-sively on various topics. Hs was, bo said, according to terms new used, a Sorthrm dem democrat. - ocrat. democrat. He had lived all his life iif a South- -em climate was ready lodtrfefrd his rights there; hut in the same resolute epirit wi'li which he would defend his on ,i ha would defend the rigbla of others. He re repeated - peated repeated that he did not believe that Ksnsa could be a slave State. The South deceived in ilial respect. In referring to ths Missouri Compromise, he iaid that it would have been better to have let it ata'rtd. Ths South could gain nothing by It, nor could the Noithbut it waetialluwed a a-bond of the Union. . Iu speaking of the Missouri Compromise, Mr. Crittenden said that its acc-niplihment was hailed as one of ihe greatest acts of the great leader, Henry Clay. It brought peace to the country by localizing slavery, and should trot bave bee broken. He was growing older and leoS susceptible to new impressions, and would have been content lo have tested upon that Compromise. Has its repeal br ughi pescet The reverse of peoce. It h is brought us trouble. Turning to Kansas, he said thai he would vote lor her admission if he thought lhat H would bring peace) but Ire did not believe it w.iu! !. Il is said' the eTltnifSiorr vill localis the qucsliuil of slstery in that Territory. lie didn't believe it. If that question is to be debated, il will be debated here; but it uiutl be debated iu the right wty. Tiiere mUld be no excitement. Why should his friends oi the North use such invective in invectives, - vectives, invectives, ho in'ght sny, of the most strocious kind? Why should we, not lii- in peace and harmony as our lathers did! We afo Onitsd in language and in blood,, and yl the grt destinies of the future are forgotten, whil Hi s petty Mitj-ct of disagreement is nursed into col issal priijiof lion. 10 i:llndiiig to previous ueba'es, he said ho was much gratified in learning from them tha completive resources ot Hie two sections uf our Country Tho Senator from South Carolina bad detailed th resources of lh South, utitl the geiitleman from Mama had giveu those of the North; ond vliilc listen listening - ing listening lo them, it foenied to h'uu that this w ihe most national Uuiou in the world. 11 ihese Ssciiona apart would make a na nation - tion nation of which any man might be proud to bo a citizen, what A magnificent Union It makes when you put both together! Whcra all discord is lulled, whata summer sea of pros prosperity - perity prosperity li before us! In conclusion, he said he aribuld vota on the queetion aa a Senator df the United Siatea oi America, aud not a a sectional man. IIj owed no slleglsuce to no section. The course he would approve of would bs to pass a law by which the constitution ahsll ba submitted lo tho volo of th. people, and if it bo ratified ba would admit Knaa into lha Unioti. Kovsi. Mr. duitmnn appealed to h House to take up the Army bill nd debats upon it until it was disposed of. which ha soppoeed would be to-morrow. Mr. Pendleton advocated an iaersass of

Cast. Tar-rl to Sttowt Oransra from rfae Heaa and Hand at a Hoy. We quote the following from the L.iij L.iij-ville - ville L.iij-ville Journal of yesterday: TB NlTEL SHOOXIMO SJ A-fctf. t h'll been announced lhat Capuiu Travis has ac accepted - cepted accepted a wager to" sho-it. al three hIxA, ti'ree oranges, placed upn the head and hands ot the boy. Caprain Trivis is a man of medium bigln and s:ze and well formed, lie bus a mild blue eye, with a very earnest expfefiioii. The pS.-ttrn xvhicb he intends lo ue in litis trial shot is one made by Morgan James, of Uiica, New York, who has no superior in such workiuaiishio. The oranges are lo be 2J inches in diameter; one is placed on the top of his head and une on the back of each hand. Ihe anna being extended. In lirs posi position - tion position al Ihe distance o! tleii paces or thirty feci facing the shoater, and wiiii no intervening object. Captain J.. In; Travis propones lo hit leach iiraugt, iiua h m ouiv three ihoU lo hit the three oranges. Tub teal is to ba pr. fomed in this city in Ju-ie nex'. ""Til boy who is to support the orang-s U ten ve irs o; age, and a bright sprightly laJ. He bis ev every - ery every confidence in the abiiiiy of C ipt. Travis to hit each object, and has equally as much in his oti nerve, which cannot be surpassed. He is now under daily training. The boy V feet are placed twelve inches apirt and his !iah?J upon hU bipj. The Cart.iu shoots through the scales rwsde bj V.u bonding of the arms end between the fn. TnTs U djne to uccustoin the boy to firing, and if possible,- give him more confrJenea and make him, feci more at ease. From what we have seen, he possesses all the nerve re re-quisite - quisite re-quisite to the perfect accomplishment of . his most extraordinary feat. The Hitie fellow is a native of Louisville,- and his mother is al-! ways present during ilia practicing. Si e 13 ! entirely satisfied thut it will fetull in safetv i to her son. W . D. M jrgan. We understand that ihis person has received his reward for his Le Le-compton - compton Le-compton servility, by being appointed post master of Kewark. O. S. Journal. . We are informsd by a gentleman direct from Washington, that the Lecomptoniles cull the Douglas ment'i; "mulatto Demo Democrats." - crats." Democrats." Ohio State Journal. L " 1 "' AGRICULTURAL. Axa the PVioas of -JBloadei" Stoci Goln to Pall. "To the Editor of Ihe American Agricul Agriculturist: - turist: Agriculturist: I am a breeder of blooded rattle, and have thii3 far succeeded swtisfartorty, both iu reef iog stock, and sales. The stock tfade, gen" erally, has been active for several years past, and prices remunerating, to the farmer and breeder, at large. What is to be the effect of the present re-action iu commercial affairs, and the scarcity of money upon the prices of meats in the United States, and upon our better classes ot stock particularly blood blooded, - ed, blooded, or fancy cattle, sheep, ! Yours, - I.MARKS. We embrace this opnortunitv to pive an opinion en so direct and important a question as the above. In the first place : because we know it to be mentally the query of many j a choice stock breeder throughout the coun- try, who fears, almost to ask the question openly; and, in the second place, to state a fact, or two, concerning such stock, itself. We, Americans, are a nervous, spasmodic and excitable people, in our feelings and ac actions, - tions, actions, und in nothing more so than in matters of trade and occupation. Twenty years ago we were importing Short-Horn, llere- f I .....I f- ci .. r i i a ! iuru' '"-rn. c.i.en,- JLongwooled and South Down shee'p, and swine chiefly Berkshire. Prices were high, and Sales frequent. In four years from thai time, meats uf all kind had fallen to ruinously low prices, hardly worth the raising; and improved dock fell Mo to 2ero in prices, yet not in intrinsic value." Bul sales were few, and prices nominal. With belter limes, and the increase SI ofcr exports ol meals, prices of all farm stock rose rapid rapidly, - ly, rapidly, until they became too high, in reality , aim so they held until within a tew months past, during which they have rapidly receded, al although - though although not to what may be termed a feill low- figure. Experience, however, had luughi us, during the years of low prices, ihe com comparative - parative comparative value tif our domestic, of native breeds of stock by the side of those crossed with, or having an iufusioif Ol" the' "improv "improved" - ed" "improved" blood in their vieins. The latter could be bred, retired, and marketed at a profit, while on the other, there was either ilo pYu' pYu'-it - it pYu'-it at all, or a positive loss. Consequ.'ully when meats roso in pric-, the material to make those meats the most profitable to ihe farmer rose in value, also; and for the last five or six years, numerous catal g.ies of for foreign - eign foreign cattle, sheep and swine, have been im imported - ported imported from filnglaild, to cross upon our old importations, and to breed anew at price, too, higher iliun ever were known before in ihis country, and also ot a quality in the ani animals - mals animals themselves, far superior. Their sales hove been rapid, and they have ben i 'e:y disseminated throughout the stock-breeding States. The consequence of ail Ihis i.: the mate material - rial material of out meats has been greatly improved; our stock breeders are enabh-d, iu catti", to get iheir beeves to market, one to two, and evea three years younger, witil feal. r weights than before and comparatively a , with our mutton and pork; nd all al less cost for the same lime in keeping, than Wi'h our old unimproved stock. With t iis expe experience, - rience, experience, luerelore, we cann it afford to fall back,mr to etatitl still- The sioc.W-bret tier, the grasier, and th feeder for unHtet in tut gooni and xtill farther improve, il lie means to make his btisiues.-) pr.iit ibl Prices, al -though limy have fallen considerably, hive not fallen ruitiously, nor will tliey. We have had an alarming in mey panic through throughout - out throughout the land, ft has b.eti dreadfully violent; Out from that violence il will be all th - more temporary. The country is lull of enler enler-prize, - prize, enler-prize, iudustury, and hopefulness. We can .. .i . .. I . . i: :n I -. ... : ' " , p world mIi II revolves, and Cli. , j j Australia still yield gold, and so bUmK'd slock w I jet retain ila value Sales may be slower for a timet and prices may be ! somewhat lower than they uav; been for two ot Ulree years past. Our farmers now An j.-c ! the worth of thai kind of stock; they mu-sl '. have it continually to buil U ami tev?l up their old stock with, or suffer in the sale ol their ' beef, pork, mutton, and wool. N iw, indeed, j 1 are the limes to buy, tor all who want to in in-luse - luse in-luse new blood into iheir herds anJ flocks. : No man who h w the abiiiiy to hold his val valuable - uable valuable breeding animals, of any kind, should ! be alarmed ai the talk among the panic- , Blrickon lnen of .iruir)i,. ,! ..iower." We . h . aa h confiJence in th. prospect ! . , t , of ,ne oreeuur!l of nne ,tocit a cver, ntiu : ,,.,,,.. h bssn alight nor nce ha.

italist can get 10 per cent, for -lire ose of money, he refoses to wvest it in real estate that will yiekj him but 5 and 6 .per cent, revenue, and perhaps act that. The farming lands of the slate will not yield that: town and city property may. The passage of this law induced a great many farmers lo sell their farms, move to some tow ft or village cross roads; with a fie w of loaning their money out for 10 per cent, and make more money. And a great nianyj who have tried this experiment, hive found il bail policy, and many of them after it was too late to re retrieve - trieve retrieve their step?, found therrrserres out of employment., contracting habits- -of idleness and dissipation, and th ;ir expenses' greater than their iacoin3. , We want idlers. We have work enough to-" keep afl employ employed. - ed. employed. ' Dr. Adam' Clarke, otf3 of the wisest men of modern times,- esys the "idle head is the devil's workshop.'.' : . - ' Repeal this Iav7, and the effect of it would be to drive capital into some legitimate busi busi-iness. - iness. busi-iness. Some would engage in manufactur manufacturing - ing manufacturing ami use their capital there; others in farming.and invest their capital inrealeetate; and the price of real estate in the country, as weii as in towns and cities, would he ad advanced - vanced advanced by it. Tii9 quantity of real estate in the market would be less, and the number of purchasers bs greater. The agrioulltural i'.nterest is the grert controling interest bf Ihe State. It is the occupation of the many loaning money is tbe business of the few. 1 am opposed lo any species of legislation that is designed lo benefit the few, and det detrimental - rimental detrimental to the interests of thi miny. We were told by the gentleman irom Lu Lucas. - cas. Lucas. (Mr. Raymond,) the other day, that ths usury laws had their origin during the feu-, dal system? That the moneyed capitalists were Jews and the usury laws originated, with the land holders from a predjadice they imbibed toward the Jews. It matters not to the land holder in this country wheth whether - er whether the money in. this coun'ry is Leaned by Jews or Cli risiians. The price of real es- i tate is reduced as much by high rates of in terest naid to christians as if paid to Jews. The argument of the gentleman proves my position, that the igricu!tural interest is ad1 ad1-verse - verse ad1-verse to free trade in mon.v, or a high rate of interest, while that geniie.-nan may be representing the iuteresta as well s.s the sen sen-tim3r.ts - tim3r.ts sen-tim3r.ts of the moneyed capitalists ot the city of Toledo,he interests and sentimeuts of the rural districts are adverse to his poli policy. - cy. policy. The preamble to the celebrated Eng English - lish English statute passed in the reign of Q,ieen Aaue, furnis'.ies some light on the subject. It is as follows:' "Whereas the reducing of interest to ten and from thence to' eight and thence to six in lha kingdom, has by experience been found verv beneficial to trade and improvement of lands; and wherever the heavy burden of the late long aud expensive war, hath been bojne cheiflv by ths owners of th.! TanJs of the kingdom, by reason necessitated to con contract - tract contract very large debts, and thereby and by the abatement in the vv.ltie of lh;ir 1 xnds, are become greatly impoverished; and where whereas, - as, whereas, by reason of the great interest and profi; ot money made at home has been neglected," &c. the foreign trade ! From this discussion, il is apparent luat j parties are dividing upon this question, by the j monied capitalist taking ground id favor of. free trade in monev on one side, and the ag- - ' "cultural, mercantile and mechanical classes I -i .i. I - .. ..... ! upon the other.and it seems to need not take us long to determine there the weight of public sentiment and ihe pre preponderance - ponderance preponderance interest lie. It is true you will occasionally find the victim of the money lo.iner, who, to be duly obsequious to Irs benefactor, who is sucking Irom his life's liliidd, defending this law, but, sir, as soon as he Ciin pay off his loan, and get himself re released - leased released from his icy grasp, he will heii be his own man again to express his sentiments upon this qucrtion, and they will be found iu opposition to this law. Tain opposed to this law for another reason it creates two rates of interest. One rate, six pen cent for one class of men, and another rale of 10 per cent, for another class of persons. The low ra'e is for ths clever man, who can't find it in hia heart Id bear dowd tuid oppress ll!e poor debtor. When he makes settlement and takes his ne;ghbor'a note lie doti'l insist upon ten percent., he knows it is loo much. But the high rate is for the benefit of the "hard master, who gathers where he has nut strewn and reaps where he hath not sown." When be settles With his neighbor and lakes his note, he must have 10 per cent; he says money is worth it, and he must have il, and he gets it. . There should be but one rate of of-i - i of-i uteres t, and that should be uniform, and op operate - erate operate upon a'J classes aiik.-. But we are told that if we repeal the 10 percent, law, aud reduce tne rate ol inter interest - est interest to G per cent., it will not be observed. I think otherwise. Heavy capitalists wnl and do observe the law, an 1 ihe greut body of the people respect all laws and observe them. No man can live iu open violation of he law and command the ref-peet of com munity. It may be otherwise with ttie con constituency - stituency constituency of the gentleman from Hamilton, Mr. Brooke, and the gentleman from Lu cas Mr. Raymond, but my constituents respect the laws and observe them. But for the sake of the argument, suppose we admit that some men whose conduct in life is con controlled - trolled controlled by avarice and depravity, should vio late the law and take unconscionable rates of interest, is that any argument against the law! Can it be claimed, with unv show of reason, that there would be any higher rates of interest taken than il there was no law upon the subject! If so, the objection would apply with equal force against all laws prohibiting crimes. We have statutes a a-gainst - gainst a-gainst robbery, theft and arson, yet these offenses are committed daily, and will any one claim that it would bo wise, or even add to the safety -of the community, to h-ive these laws repealed because they are some times violated! The commandment of the decalogue says, "thou shalt not kill;" aud yet this law has been violated from the mur der of the righteous Abel to the present, and will any one claim that murders have been more frequent than they would have been in the absence of that commandment, or that it was unwise or improvidenl legislation on the part of the King of Kings, when he wrote upon the table of his law, "thou shalt do no murder!" -. If the law is violated this argu argument, - ment, argument, instead of disproving its utility, proves only the necessity of a more stringent law to enforce us observance, v--- ' Another objection which we frequently encounter in this discussion ia, that the re peal of this law will drivt capital out of ths

thnt Ci I ... appoint only , partizans on the L.onini:iteo. I The debate was cominued at srreat fMYh i.: ii .... . v ' ciu iuc oi.i wiin penning amendments was finally laid on ihe table: Yeas 41, nays 41. Stagitfur Ouira.-c ia Ihe Allan Penitentiary ..We le.-rii from a tre lit It-man from Alton, thai an ouirage occurred at tiio Stale Peni Penitentiary - tentiary Penitentiary in limt place, yesterday, which for novelty, audacity and despcrutiou, surpasses anything in the history of prison rebellion wo ever heard of. After breakfast, yesterday morning, a pri prisoner - soner prisoner by the name of Hall, a st-veii -years' man, came- to the turnkey, Mr. Crab be, and camplained of being unwell. In such enses it is usual for the prisoner to be locked up iu his cell, until he can be examined by a physician, when, if hi is lound to" be really sick, he is sent to- the Hospital. Use turnkey eontl-.tcted Kilt fo hia celj for the purpose of locking him up, when just as he was opening the door, the convict drew a slung-shotf hitherto concealed, aud struck Mr. Crabbe a severe How ou the forehead, which left a detp wound and felled the turn turnkey - key turnkey to the floor. He then dragged bira in into - to into the cell and shut the door. A prisoner who had witnessed the affair, informed the Warden, Mr. Bucktnaster, who repaired with assistants to the spot. When they reached the door ths desperadj was seen, through a crack, to be elandiug with an upraise dirk over the prostrated body of the turnkey. He warned the oilicers not enter, and threa threatened, - tened, threatened, in case they sWould approach to do so, to plunge the dirk into the heart of the turnkey, whose hands were bound so as to be unable to make the slightest resis resistance. - tance. resistance. . Hail further commanded tho ofScers to proceed to Springfield instantly, procure a pardon from the Governor, provide him with a loaded revolver, one hundred dollars in gold, and a carriage. These should be banded to him in the cell, when he and the turnkey would march out together, he with his pistol pointed at the turnkey's head. They to together - gether together were to take possession of the car carriage, - riage, carriage, and drive out of the city; and when he considered himself safe from pursuit, he would release the Turnkey and take care of himself. He swore that .unless these strin stringent - gent stringent conditioas were complied with, he would batcher Mr. Crabbe, even though his own li!e should be the penalty. In this attitude the affair stood all lisy yes yesterday, - terday, yesterday, and up to 8 o'clock this morning. The officers, unwilling to release the prison prisoner, - er, prisoner, and more unwilling s'tfS to see the turn turn-Isy - Isy turn-Isy iiffedi were undecided what to do. A pardon hai been obtained from the Governor to be used in the last extremity. The con convict - vict convict had been shot at through an opening in the door, but dodged the ball. He did not sleep last nfght, but sat Sp, vf ftl the terrible dagger constantly raised above his victim. He was promised exemption from punish punishment - ment punishment if he would submit and go to work quietly; but he will not accept this1 com compromise, - promise, compromise, as he declares that they will kill him in the event of his succumbing. Thus the matter stood when our inform informant - ant informant lef this morning. The Warden, Mr. Buckmaster bad determined to end thexsus thexsus-pense. - pense. thexsus-pense. The most intense excitement pre prevailed - vailed prevailed throughout Artori last night and this morning, and ths citizens declared that the convict should not escape alive. Should he appear on the street, even with the turnkey under his pistolj as he demanded, he would J be riddled with bullets. We await, with much interest, the upshot of this singular a! lair. St. Louis News. S..ecia 1 I ia ch 'n The yi.noiirl n'err.o:rat. FULL AND LATEST PARTICULARS. Altos, March 9, 8J o'clock P. M. McGee & FisnsAcs: AJ 9 o'clock this . . , ... o. . . c :. . morning Rutherford, the State Superiuten- enough to admit the food, when a crowbar was instantly inseneu. i lie warueu crieu out to Crabb, the imprisoned guard, to fight for his life. Ho accordingly sprung to the opening of the door, and at'length drugged himself through, but not before he was stub stubbed - bed stubbed by Ihe convict nine limes seven limes in the back and twice on the arms. When the poor victim was dragged out. the con convict - vict convict barred the door again and relused to yield. He was then giveu a few minutes for reflection, and the rebel wits, after much dodging and effort, to get out of reach of the -i - . I n, I . I fire, shot by the warden. The ball struck his skull just below the left ear, and glan glan-ing - ing glan-ing arotmd, lodged under the skull. He fell instantly and was dragged out of his cell, and was thought to be dead, but soon recovered and talked as sensible as any man could under the circumstances. Alter the convict was taken out of the cell, his knife, about eijht inches long, with a double edge, was found in the cell; and on his person an another - other another large knife, with a blade ubom four inches long. Crabb, the wounded g'iSird, was immediately taken to Ihe ho?fiit al, niid his wounds were examined and dressed bjf Dr. Williams, the prison sdrgeon; and Dr. Allen. The let lung was found to be' twice perforated by the knife. The other woilfids were? not dongerous. After his wounds were dressed he felt quite comfortable and con versed freely. He expressed a sense of his danrreroas condition but was calm and hope ful. His wife Visited him uoul 1 1 o'clock to-day, and he bore himself with much forti fortitude - tude fortitude throughout the interview. His physi physicians - cians physicians consider his case very critcah and thai the chances are much against his recovery- The convict was laid on a matrass in the prison hall. He hoped that Crabbo would live, and in the next breath said he h id put five men in the same fix he was himself. Dr. McMaster was present and endeavor ed faithfully to draw his attention to the fact of his near approach 10 death. He exhibited ui ma lie.,, i'f le c dh no penitence - U,UIUUI", "J: r . mm. uc ociii. iui wim ' nd advised him to behave himself when he got out, and not bring himself to what he saw before bun. From the boats and passengers which camo down the river to-day we leant other particulars, which are only corrubiraivo and not so full a the above dispatch. . It is stated lhat everything wan dmie du du-riii" - riii" du-riii" the night to surprise tho convict into a capture; but lhat he was vigilant and bloody from one minute's end to tho other, mid a- mused himself from time to iini or p. his victim witn tne po m. oi ... ... .y- - . ..-j .... A citf-ii u t uuhiit tune Ilia noiauueu n. u. convict died, but we lsarn from other sources wounds .but a ohort that time ho survived hia

Stater. 5 The amount erf capital brought from j i ' other -States tn hp lmnl lintot thin l.y, T ' ,rithir" - 54rti2 tr. ka 1 ,,njn. i. r . "- -, i j apprehend is nor great. I know of none in the couiviv 1 represent. There is, doubtless, j some inr the State. 1 But whatever the ft; and such loans only serve to increase ouf embarrassments. Capitalists prefer to lend their money at home among their ac acquaintances, - quaintances, acquaintances, at a less rate of interest, where they can look personally to their securities, and know that they are good, rather thaa in incur, - cur, incur, the expense uf sending it out of the Slate, and then they ran the double hazzard of their agents proving" Unfaithful, and their borrowers bankrupts. The repeal of this law would drive no home capital out of the State for investment; but would operate as art inducement to capitalists to use their cap capital - ital capital ift making public and private improve improvements, - ments, improvements, andin the development of the resour resources - ces resources of the State. ; It.U conceeded that the present banking system of this State isone of the best in the Union, and one that furnishes as great secu security - rity security to the bill holders as any. - Banks arc limited by their charters to 6 per cent., nnder the penalty of forfeiting the debt and their charter for taking more. Private bankers cea take ten, and as a matter of course, can afford to pay depositors more for the use of their deposits The result of it is that the private bankers get all the spare capital, pri private - vate private aud public, tender the law of lastses lastses-sssston, - sssston, lastses-sssston, the County Commissioners of the several counties are authorized to contract with the several depositories for the safe keeping.of the county revenues, and in al almost - most almost every county in the State private bank bankers, - ers, bankers, by agreeing to pay a higher rata of in interest - terest interest for the use of this money .obtaised these deposiies".. " They can" beftef afford to pay 7 per cent., tlian a chartered bank four. They pan make twer!y dy loans to stock and produce dealers a! ten per cent., pay payable - able payable in Kew York city with the understand understanding - ing understanding thai tk?"H!l is to be paid at their coun counter, - ter, counter, with cost of exchange from one to two per cent., and the private banker makes 30 or 40 per cent., ftpon the deposits he pays 7 acd 8 per cent for, having previously made from one to two per cent. b sorting the cur currency - rency currency and running it hoie upon the banks for exchange or tposie. This great profit of tire private banker is taken from the prof profits - its profits of the farmer The drover who pays 40 per cent, can't &fJjTj to pay as much for stock as ihj drover who p.iys but sis per cent." In consequence of the constant run upon chartered banks by private bankers and bro brokers, - kers, brokers, they are compelled to limit their issues in circulation to the amount of their specie, and can afford tfie people no relief in their present financial embarrassment. . Were they permitted to expand their issues to to seppe of their charter they could relieve the people of Ohio from their present fi- nancial embarrassments and distress in thirty days from this time, and create a home cur currency - rency currency to the exclusion of foreign issues. Their isteues, returned home for redemption, ere jn3Jildriig ia iheirjlrawers. They can sell exchange and receive deposit, but they can afford the people no relief. Brokers will not let .them. The moment they put out their money it is picked up and returnsd for redemption. It is well understood among my constituents at home that I am no bank uiun. At - the recent election I volpd nn open ticket iigaitist the hanking bill of the last session. But I prefer the batiks of my o-.vn Slate, under the control of -inr own L -.gislaiure, to the batiks of other States; and 1 should looji upon it as a great calamity to have the present banking system closed ,r . :r .1.- -l- ..r -.!.-: : . .

cises a demoralizing kifliience upon the com-; mmiiiy. "Lead us not iulo temptation bul deliver us from evil," is a part of the prayer which is the inheritance of our race. The teinptation to take money without givini; an equivalent iu return, is too strong for most men to resist, when they can do it without violating the law; and he who takes 10 per cent, interest for the use of money, takes money lor which he gives no adequate coti coti-iJeraliotii - iJeraliotii coti-iJeraliotii Theie is no business in tho world that so benumbs all the finer feelings of the heart, and blunts the conscience, a-4 the mere business of gain in the accumula accumulation - tion accumulation Of money, tile loVe of Which, we are told, is the "root of all evil." It is a significant fact that the sharp-eyed capitalist and money loaners of our State, oppose the repeal of this law. They disin disin-geniously - geniously disin-geniously tell us if we repeal the law it will make money aiore stlrce, and the rate of iiiterest would be higher. F"or iriy part I am nut disposed to counsel with this cla3 of persons upon' this bubject. Their interest disqualifies them from giving correct advice. Tliey know Ihcir interest, and they pursue it, and in doing this they oppose the repeal of this law. Tne numerous petitions from dif different - ferent different parts of Ihe Slate presented to this General Assembly, praying for the repeal of this law, are from the masses of the people, remonstraces are few aud from the money loaners. It is a measure demanded by nine nine-tentbs - tentbs nine-tentbs of the people as well as Ihe public interest and prosperity of t the State. Defeat this ill and compel its friends to take au appeal to the people, and you will find the next General Assembly composed of men who will obey tho will of their consti tueuts. Ohio Legislature. Ou Wednesday last the Legislature adjourned to attend the State Anti-Lecompton Convention ut ' Columbus, and did little business for the rest of the week. The bill making appropriations for the Public works, was amended, so a to give 10,000 to the Central fthio Lunatic Asy lum. The bill for the protection of sheep gave risoto a long discussion, Sliep and dogs were subjects on which olmosl every member had something to say. Judge Rankin's bill for the sale of the Public works has been under dicussion, and finally after an animated' debate, was got through Committee ot the whole. , The House passed a bill autnorizing the Commissioners of Cuyahoga County to issue bonds and borrow $30,000 to build a Court House. A bill for the reivsion and codifica tion of the Criminal laws of the State excited discussion, but more in regard lo giving the Governor the appointment Of the Commis Commissioners - sioners Commissioners to do the work, than in regard to the bill itself. The Democrats seemed to fear