Nomination for Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and distriets.See instructions in Howto Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information 1. Name of Property historic name The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building other names/site number The Buckeye Building 2. Location street & number 36-42 E. Gay Street _ not for publication _N/A city or town Columbus vicinity_N/A state Ohio code_OH county_Franklin code 049 zip code 43215 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification See continuation sheet)for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official Ohio Historic Preservation Office State or Federal agency and bureau Signature of commenting or other official 4. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: V entered in the National Register determined not eligible for the _removed from the National Register _ other (explain): Comments.) meets Date National Register RECEIVED 2280 1145 See continuation sheet. NPS Form 10-900 Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items.

As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places does not In my opinion, the property_ areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Department Head Inventory & Registrabate nomination The Buckeye Building Franklin County, OH name of property county and State 5.

Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check as many boxes as apply) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) X private x building(s) _object Number of contributing resources previously listed in the is not part of a multiple property listing.) 6. Function or Use COMMERCE/financial institution 7.

Description OTHER: cast stone (granolithic stone) (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) See attached structure SYNTHETICS site other Total district BRICK Architectural Classification roof public-local walls public-Federal Materials National Register Historic Functions COMMERCE/business Current Functions Narrative Description Noncontributing public-State (Enter categories from instructions) (Check only one box) LATE AND CENTURY REVIVALS/ Classical Revival Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number The Buckeye State Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The Buckeye Building, at 36-42 E.

Gay Street, is a 16-story rectangular block shaped office building with a block-shaped extension at the rear accommodating a grand banking hall space. rise and mid-rise buildings at the northeast corner of E. Gay Street and Pearl Alley, in a commercial district in downtown Columbus, the state capital of Ohio. Constructed from 1926 through 1927, the Buckeye Building, served as the savings and loans headquarters for the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company, and after 1949 for the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loans Association. The building sits on a relatively flat site with a slight decline towards the north. The landscaping features are limited to sidewalk and street fixtures. The entrance to the parking garage is located at the rear of the building on the north elevation. The Buckeye Building is the only building on this property and is the subject of this nomination.

The primary, more decorative elevations of the building face south and west on E. Gay Street and Pearl Alley respectively (Photo #3); the secondary elevations of the building face north onto Elm Street and east, only partially visible from E. Gay Street. Above a base of polished granite, the south and west elevations are clad with bluestone on the upper stories.' The east and north elevations are less ornamented, with buff brick as the primary building material. The south elevation, facing E. Gay Street, is six bays wide on the 1" floor and typically ten bays wide on the upper stories. Although the majority of the stonework on this elevation consists of smooth-faced ashlar blocks, there are a number of decorative stone features and carvings.

A colonnade of engaged stone columns with carved Corinthian stone capitals dominates the south elevation along the banking area (five bays) of the ground floor and the main office lobby area (one bay). These columns support a stone entablature adorned with moldings, a frieze carved stone moldings above a dentil course (Photo #2). The shaft portion of the building is adorned with two other belt courses of carved stone located at the first office level above the banking floor and above the third tier of windows from the top of the building. The uppermost story on this elevation below the cornice features with carved plaques above the windows and two-story pilasters. The wide, overhanging cornice at the top of the building features a continuous course of modillions supporting a molded stone cap.

' Bluestone was noted as the building material on the original drawings by the architecture firm Hopkins & Dentz, Page 1926. century and conforms to the general base-shaft-capital format of the Classical Revival style on and Loan Company Building The building's architectural style can be categorized as Classical Revival of the early 20th the south and west elevations (Photo #1).The building stands prominently on a block of low- NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The south elevation contains a main entrance to the grand banking space in the third bay from the west (Photo #4) and asecondary entrance to the office elevator lobby at the easternmost bay.

The banking entrance consists of a double-leaf aluminum framed glazed door with a single light transom. The bluestone surround is ornamented with floral medallions, a carved roped detail, and an arched split pediment with plaque of the buckeye tree in the center. The entrance to the office lobby contains a glazed double-leaf aluminum entrance door, a single-light transom, and a surround of pressed copper adorned with a swag ornamentation. The ground floor windows along the banking area consist of three-part window: an 8-light bronze windows below a pressed copper clad mullion and a 16-light bronze window above. The fenestration on the upper stories of the south elevation, of which there are eleven visible on The west elevation, facing Pearl Alley, is nearly identical to the south elevation in material, feeling and level of ornamentation (Photo #5).

Bluestone ashlar blocks clad the entire elevation. The carved stone banking hall cornice, the two belt courses and the stone cornice at the top of the building continue from the south elevation. The west elevation contains two parts: a banking extension that is two stories in height and extends nine bays along Pearl Alley to the corner of Pearl and Elm Street; and an office tower that is 16 stories in height and extends eight bays to the north. Like the south elevation, the east elevation has a base of polished granite, with blocks of smooth bluestone ashlar above. The banking area of this elevation, just over 40 feet in height, features two-story height pilasters of stone with Corinthian capitals adorned with an eagle in the courses below a frieze and a cornice of dentil courses and carved stone moldings. Carved plaques fill the area above each banking window.

The stone frieze above the banking hall banking area fenestration consists of nine pairs of 1/1 bronze windows at the ground floor level, and a 16-light bronze window at the upper area of the banking hall above each pair of windows. A series of 18 window openings at the attic level of the banking extension just above the banking hall (5th floor on the interior) contain 1/1 bronze windows. The north elevation, facing Elm Street at the rear of the property, is modest in character (Photo #6). It is constructed of buff brick except for the stonework that wraps around from the west elevation and terminates several feet from the northwest corner of the building. The banking hall Page center. The pilasters support an entablature with the same features as the south elevation: dentil and Loan Company Building feature stone sills.

The Buckeye State Building this façade (and a non-original penthouse that is not easily visible from the street), is identical appearance from floor to floor: paired 1/1 double-hung bronze rectangular windows flank the six evenly-spaced 1/1 double-hung bronze window bays in the center bays. All of the windows NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet interior, a bronze encased clock remains intact on the cornice of the north face of the vestibule. travertine marble knee walls for the bank tellers remain intact on the east and west walls. Wood trellises supported by wood columns were installed above the teller areas in the 1970s. The interior finishes match the exterior in the Classical Revival ornamentation.

The walls above 12 feet are cast stone, adorned with fluted pilasters along the south, east and west walls. The north wall is dominated The original boardroom, located near the southwest corner of the room, is enclosed with travertine kneewall, above which is wood paneling set in a bronze framework and cornice. Two single-leaf, paneled wood doors encased in bronze provide access from the east and south ends of the room. The now painted. Another entrance along this wall leads to a private, 2-car elevator lobby paneled in modern wood series of small offices created from wood partitions on the mezzanine level, also dating to the 1960s.

A lobby space is located under this mezzanine level that features several paneled wood columns; a series of small offices ring this lobby space behind the original partition wall clad in travertine with a gray small lobby at the bottom of this staircase serves as the central space for the southern half of the basement, which contains a series of rooms for the safe deposit department. The safe deposit vault is lined with the original safe deposit boxes; a center island also contains the boxes. The northern half of the basement functions as a garage. A sub-basement below this basement holds additional spaces for cars. The garage is utilitarian in character, with concrete floors, ceiling and the office spaces on the floors above. The finishes in the basement lobby include marble flooring, upper floors. A staircase at the south end of this lobby leads to the main office entrance vestibule.

The (8-86) The interior reflects the dual purpose of the building as a both banking hall and an office tower. The the enclosure is adorned with wood paneling encased in bronze. Two single-leaf, glazed doors and a The banking hall itself measures 75 feet by 180 feet, with a ceiling height of 44 feet. The original by a series of grand cast stone columns above the mezzanine floor. The plaster ceiling is deeply The east wall of the banking hall contains several doorways, one of which leads to a large vault. marble base. At the northeast corner of the banking hall under the mezzanine level is as a rear A marble-clad open staircase to the basement is located at the southeast corner of the banking hall. A concrete columns throughout.

The garage is directly accessible through the basement elevator lobby to travertine walls and a plaster ceiling.Three brass-clad elevator doors and door frames service the coffered and features classically inspired motifs, such as rosettes, dentils and a Greek key design. The floor, originally exposed Tennessee marble, is now clad with carpet throughout. interior of the boardroom retains the original paneled wood walls and coffered wood ceiling, although The south end of the banking hall features a straight flight of steps dating to the 1960s that leads to a carpeted staircase with a metal railing accesses the Elm Street entrance door. a modest room with marble flooring, a dropped acoustical ceiling and fluorescent lights. The walls are NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number _ Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio walls. The north wall is dominated by a series of grand cast stone columns above the mezzanine floor. The plaster ceiling is deeply coffered and features classically inspired motifs, such as rosettes, dentils and a Greek key design (Photo #9). The floor, originally exposed Tennessee marble, is now clad with carpet throughout. The original boardroom, located near the southwest corner of the room, is enclosed with travertine kneewall, above which is wood paneling set in a bronze framework and cornice. Two single-leaf, paneled wood doors encased in bronze provide access from the east and south ends of the room.

The interior of the boardroom retains the original paneled wood walls and coffered wood ceiling, although now painted (Photo #13). The east wall of the banking hall contains several doorways, one of which leads to a large vault (Photo #11). Another entrance along this wall leads to a private, 2-car elevator lobby paneled in modern wood paneling. This elevator lobby services the basement and the mezzanine areas of the banking hall. The south end of the banking hall features a straight flight of steps dating to the 1960s that leads to a series of small offices created from wood partitions on the mezzanine level, also dating to the 1960s (Photo #12).

A lobby space is located under this mezzanine level that features several paneled wood columns; a series of small offices ring this lobby space behind the original hall under the mezzanine level is as a rear entrance door to the Elm Street vestibule with a accesses the Elm Street entrance door. A marble-clad open staircase to the basement is located at the southeast corner of the banking hall. A small lobby at the bottom of this staircase (Photo #14) serves as the central space for the southern half of the basement, which contains a series of rooms for the safe deposit department. The safe deposit vault is a modest room with marble flooring, a dropped acoustical ceiling and fluorescent lights. The walls are lines with the original safe deposit boxes; a center island also contains the boxes. The northern half of the basement functions as a garage.

A sub-basement below this basement holds additional spaces for cars. The garage is utilitarian in character, with concrete floors, elevator lobby to the office spaces on the floors above. The finishes in the basement lobby include marble flooring, travertine walls and a plaster ceiling. Three brass-clad elevator doors Page and Loan Company Building partition wall clad in travertine with a gray marble base.At the northeast corner of the banking The Buckeye State Building double-leaf fully-glazed door and glazed sidelight. A carpeted staircase with a metal railing ceiling and concrete columns throughout. The garage is directly accessible through the basement NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number and Loan Company Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio and door frames service the upper floors. A staircase at the south end of this lobby leads to the main office entrance vestibule. The staircase is characterized by metal railing and balusters, paneled metal newel posts, metal risers and marble treads. The safe deposit department is also accessible from the office elevator lobby. The upper floors of the building are accessible from the main office elevator lobby, located on the 1" floor at the east end of the building (Photo #15). A small vestibule with black marble floors at the south end of this lobby provides access and egress to Gay Street.

The lobby is lavish in its finishes and ornamentation: the floors are black marble with a central inset carpet; above the black marble baseboard veined with gold are fully clad marble walls. The east wall contains three elevator doors, each trimmed with marble door surrounds and carved marble entablatures. Black glass panels in a pointed arch design were applied above the elevator openings and above the vestibule opening in the 1980s. The west wall of the lobby houses a pointed arch opening that led originally the safe deposit department stair in the basement (now enclosed with black glass) and a large round arch opening containing a glazed aluminum double- leaf door opening into the main banking hall. Black glass also now clads the area around the door to the main banking hall and the north wall of the lobby.

The coffered wood beam ceiling features stained glass panels that were added in the 1980s. The 3-bay elevator bank servicing the entire office tower is located on the east end of the building. The elevator lobbies on the upper floors are modest in character, and very little of the original materials that were specified on the 1926 drawing set by Hopkins & Dentz. However, the original bronze mail chute remains intact on all of the office floors. The elevator door trim and flush painted metal elevator doors (Photo #21). The elevator cabs, according to the present building manager, were renovated in the 1980s. They presently have carpeted floors, wood paneled and mirrored walls with brass railings and stained glass ceilings. The finishes ofthe office tower floors reflect the many renovations and tenants over the years.

The original marble floors in the corridors are now clad with carpeting throughout. Evidence of the original marble floor in the hallway can be seen on the 7* floor corridor near the north end (Photo #20). The hallways and offices are modest in character, with painted gypsum board walls, dropped acoustical tile ceilings, trim wood or vinyl baseboards (Photos #22, 23). consisting of a single small room with a terrazzo floor, is accessible from a stair tower at the south end of the building (Photo #16), with a balcony railing along the 16-light banking window. contain Page The Buckeye State Building elevator lobbies feature carpeted floors, dropped acoustical ceilings, trim 3" metal or wood NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The 3"d and 4" floors each contain two small storage rooms with terrazzo floors and dropped The general layout of the office floors from the 6 floor to the 1s" floor is nearly identical: each floor has an L-shaped plan, with an L-shaped double-loaded corridor that runs east-west and then turns and runs north-south. On a few floors, the corridor walls were moved to allow for a wider hallway. There are two stair towers located in the core, one off of the east-west corridor and one off of the north-south end of the corridor. The stair towers are utilitarian in character, with painted metal treads and risers, metal railings and balusters and square metal newel posts (Photo #19).

Toilet rooms are located between these two stair towers. The 5" floor plan is unlike all of the other floors in that it extends above the banking hall portion of the building (Photo #18). The finishes and materials are similar to those on the upper floors: carpeted flooring, gypsum board walls and replacement door and window trim. An unusual feature of the 5 floor is the extra-wide bulkhead that appears between the front and rear halves of the building that supports the ceiling. This floor differs from the other floors in layout with a somewhat more open floor plan that deviates from the L-shaped corridor on the lower floors. A small staircase near the elevator lobby leads to the upper level of this floor.

In summary, the banking lobby, with the exception of the trellis system above the teller area and the addition of mezzanine offices, remains intact and retains a high level of integrity. Although the offices have had changes in the finishes over the years, notably the addition of carpeting, and the overall plan of the corridors follows the original floor plans with double-loaded corridors and an L-shaped plan and thus also retains integrity. Page and Loan Company Building The Buckeye State Building acoustical ceilings (Photo #17). The 16th floor (the penthouse) was expanded and added to in the 1960s for use as a radio station. The Buckeye Building Franklin County, OH name of property county and State 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. Period of Significance 1927 - 1954 Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or entity whose components lack individual Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. (Mark "X" in all the boxes that apply.) (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) A owned by a religious institution or used for religious _B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or a grave. D a cemetery. E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property.

Hopkins & Dentz, architects G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within Robert H. Evans & Company, builder the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) See continuation Sheet. Primary Location of Additional Data Previous documentation on file (NPS) State Historic Preservation Office _preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has Other State agency been requested _previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Free Library of Philadelphia Ohio Division of Financial Institutions distinction. University COMMERCE ARCHITECTURE purposes.

Architect/Builder Other Criteria Considerations Significant Person Significant Dates Federal agency Cultural Affiliation Applicable National Register Criteria Local government See attached. represents a significant and distinguishable Bibliography National Register listing) (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building stands prominently in downtown Columbus, OH at 36-42 E. Gay Street, on the northeast corner of E. Gay and Pearl Streets.

A 15-story office building with a grand banking hall on the ground floor, the construction of the headquarters for the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company (which was known after 1949 as the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association) from its completion date through 1990. The office tower portion of the building has continued to function as such through the present day. The period of significance begins in 1927 when the building opened and continues through 1954 to meet the National Register standards of eligibility. The Buckeye Building is significant under National Register criterion "A" in the area of Commerce/Trade for its role as the home of the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company (also known as the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association after 1949), the largest savings and loan financial institution in Columbus through the period of significance.

The building is also significant under National Register and as a major work by the New York City architecture firm of Hopkins & Dentz. The Buckeye Building is significant on a local level. Chronological History of the Nominated Property In the mid-1920s, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company of downtown Columbus selected the new location for a combination bank and office building: 36 E. Gay Street, where the B.F. Keith's Theatre, a popular vaudeville venue, presently had stood. Construction of the 15-story Buckeye Building began in June of 1926 after the Keith Theatre was torn down. The trustees of the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company hired contractor Robert H.

Evans & Company of Columbus and selected the architecture firm of Hopkins & Dentz of New York City to design on the new building.' To accommodate parking in the congested downtown area, the architects included an underground, 2-story parking garage with space for more than one hundred cars." When finished in 1927, the cost of construction exceeded S1 million.' Architect Alfred Hopkins, one of the partners of Hopkins & Dentz, proudly noted in a book he authored on bank design that the Buckeye Building was 75 percent rented within five months of opening and 1920s, underground garages were a technological feat to achieve and were rarely incorporated.

3 "Buckeye Building Celebrating its 50" Year," Columbus Dispatch (24 July 1978), Section B Page and Loan Company Building Section number The Buckeye State Building building began in 1926 and ended in 1927.This recognizable edifice served as a main banking criterion"C"in the area of architecture as an outstanding example of the Classical Revival style 1Buckeye Building Will be Ready by April 15," Columbus Citizen (5 March 1927), 5. sought larger quarters for its many customers at 22 W. Gay Street. In 1925, the bank trustees NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio by seven months it was 100 percent filled.* When opened, the building contained just over The building remained in constant throughout the period of significance, operating as a bank on the ground floor and offices above. In the late 1960s, an additional story was constructed on the top of the building to accommodate the Taft Broadcasting Station WTVN.° In 1988, the Buckeye Building was sold to Los Angeles developer Samuel Freshman for $12 million.? In 1990, the parent company of the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association merged with BancOhio National Bank. As a result, the banking hall was leased to another bank, National City Bank (the parent company of Bancohio), for ten years, from 1990 to 2000.

In the past few The entire building is now being planned for rehabilitation. Criterion A, Significance in Commerce/Trade The Buckeye Building is significant for its role in contributing to the success of Columbus' Building, served as the headquarters for the dominant Buckeye State Building and Loan Company, also known as the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association after 1949, for more than 60 years. Background history on Building and Loan Associations in Columbus, OH The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company followed the typical path of the many savings and loan associations in Ohio from the mid-19t through the late 19 century. Building and loan institutions to assist home-buyers with financing using funds accumulated from member *Alfred Hopkins, The Fundamentals of Good Bank Building (New York: The Bankers Publishing Company, 1929), 5 The Bankers Monthly (January 1928), 51.

William S. Guthrie, The Buckeye, A Community Institution (The Newcomen Society in North America: New York, 1970), 16. 7 "Downtown Headquarters Building for Buckeye Federal S&L Sold to Samuel Freshman of LA for $12 million." Business First (12 December 1988), 2. use Page Overview and Loan Company Building 100,000 square feet of space,100 offices and 100 parking spaces, according to Hopkins. leading savings and loan financial institution during the period of significance.The Buckeye The Buckeye State Building associations(later known as"savings and loans")were initially created by private banking years the banking hall hasremained vacant and the upper office floors remain partially rented. 112. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio deposits." The first building and loan company in the United States, the Oxford Provident Building Association in Frankford, PA which opened in 1831, spurred a building and loan movement across the nation.' Ohio's first building and loan association was incorporated on February 20, 1867 in Cleveland as the Cleveland Land, Building, Loan Association, authorized by the 57" General Assembly." By the end of that year, thirty-one building and loan associations had formed in Ohio.

The "Dayton Plan" proposed by Ambrose Winters of Dayton, OH in the 1880s further spurred the growth of early building and loan associations by promoting that it quickly became the national standard for building and loan operations." The first building and loan association in Ohio's state capitol, the Columbus Savings Association, was formed in At the turn of the 20th century, many banking institutions were formed in Columbus as a result of the Columbus Buggy Company, a thriving local buggy manufacturing enterprise that was known as the largest manufacturer of carriages in the world." In addition to the buggy industry (which was being rapidly surpassed by the automobile industry), in 1900 Columbus had many other attractions for the banking industry: it was a state capitol receiving economic support from 88 counties, a center of railroad activity with an established network of wholesale goods distribution and a large brewing industry founded by recent German immigrants." For Columbus' 150,000 citizens in 1900,' downtown Columbus was home to twenty-two financial institutions, such as banks, mortgage companies, savings and loans and title companies.l Columbus' banking district clustered around the Ohio State Capitol Building located in the heart of downtown on Capitol Square (bounded by Third Street on the east, State Street on the south, High Street on the west and Broad Street on the north).

Ohio Savings &Loan League, Acentury of Service, The First One Hundred Years (1988), 5. " Ohio Saving & Loan League, 6 Osman Castle Hooper, History of the City of Columbus Ohio (The Memorial Publishing Company: Columbus, OH, 1920), 255. Guthrie, 9 and Philip F. Searle, BancOhio Corporation (The Newcomen Society of North America: New York, 1974), 7. Page Section number The Buckeye State Building 1880 as a result of the"more liberal and helpful Dayton Plan."12 and Loan Company Building a"no fees"policy and simplified the rulesofgranting loans.The Dayton Plan was so successful 8 "Savings and Loans History & Overview," Ohio.gov website, www.com.state.oh.us/dfi/slsbhist.htm Searle, 7.

United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio many of these failed as a result of a recent depression and the lack of regulation. By this time, were still in operation." In an effort to standardize, an independent group, the Ohio Savings and Loan League, was created in 1889. A few years later, in 1892, the State of Ohio began regulating savings and loan associations. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was formed in 1895, at the height of the building and loan frenzy.

Ohio's savings and loans continued to thrive through the 1920s, with Ohio being the first state to reach $1 billion in assets with its savings banks in 1926.' Although the stock market crash in 1929 strongly impacted all of the financial institutions in the state, initially the building and loan associations fared much better than the commercial banks surviving on mortgage loan activity.! However, by 1933, eleven percent of the building and loan associations in Ohio had failed.? In response to the Depression, several acts were passed by Congress in the 1930s and 1940s that had great impact on strengthening the savings and loan associations in Ohio and across the nation. In 1932, the Federal Home Loan Bank Act was passed by Congress, establishing twelve followed by the Home Owners Loan Act in 1933, which chartered federal associations to operate alongside the state chartered banks.

In 1934, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FSLIC) was created to offer deposit insurance similar to the FDIC for commercial establishment of a government guarantee program for home loans to war veterans." History of the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company and its role in Columbus The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was established as a savings institution on specialized in real estate mortgage loans for town and farm properties and farm loans. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company moved several times from its inception through the OMB No. 1024-0018 " Ohio Saving & Loan League, 9. 1 Ohio Savings & Loan League, 13. these were building and loan associations. In 1933, 11 percent of the total number of building and loans had failed statewide. Ohio Savings & Loan League, 14. 23 Guthrie, 10.

Page Although many building and loan associations were organized by the turn of the 2o" century, and Loan Company Building The Buckeye State Building January 2,1895 by nine founding directors. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company banks." The Serviceman's Readjustment Act of 1944 also supported savings and loans with the 1According to the Ohio Savings & Loan League records, of the 200 banks that failed in Ohio in 1932 only six of there were just over 1,500 building and loan associations created in Ohio, but only 723 of them United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number and Loan Company Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio years, then an office in the 2-story building at 22 W. Gay Street in 1899, and finally moving into the newly constructed Rankin Building at the same location in 1911.

By this time, the Buckeye had assets of $5 million? The Buckeye assisted in the reconstruction of houses after a major flood in Columbus in 1913. The company continued to grow throughout the 1910s, increasing their assets three fold to 16 million by 1918. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Columbus after the end of World War 1. By this time, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was one of twenty-two building and loan associations in Columbus, with an additional two in suburban districts.? There were two other building and loan companies on E. Gay Street: Street. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company continued to flourish during the 1920s, with building and loan association in Ohio that year.?

According to the "Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report" for 1925, there were 28 savings associations in the City of Columbus at that time, with $87,613,139 in total assets. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was by far the largest of all of the building and loan associations, with assets of $28,684,159; followed by Columbian Building and Loan Company at S19,787,836; Ohio State Central Building Loan and Savings Company at $3,316,778." In response to rapid growth and steady financial success, in 1926 the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company constructed the Buckeye Building at 36-42 E. Gay Street, which included a grand new headquarters for its banking facility. 2 Guthrie, 13 ? Hooper, 255. Chicago, 1931), 763-764. The other buildings and loans included in this list: Allemania B & L Co. at 24 E. Main Street: Franklin L & S Co. at 297 S. High Street; Hub B & L Co.

at 236 E. Main St.; Lilley B & L Co. at 150 E. State St.; Park S & L Co.at 20 E. Long St.; Railroad Employees B & L Assoc. at 60 E. Broad St.; Scioto B &L Co. at 44 E. Broad Street; Standard S & L Co. at 33 N. High Street. ''Guthrie, 15. This information was garnered by Guthrie from annual company reports. Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. Special thanks to Stanley Cooper for providing this information. Page The Buckeye State Building (Rev. 10-90) Ohio State Savings Association at 85 E. Gay Street and Peoples Savings Assoc. at 70 E. Gay assets increasing in value from $19 million in 1920 to S28 million in 1925, becoming the largest Savings Association at $7,034,301; Franklin Loan and Savings Company at $5,470,086; and 24 The New Buckeye Building,"Columbus This Week (28March 1926),No.26,27. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number and Loan Company Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio Despite the fall of the financial market in 1929, the Buckeye Company endured and even prospered during the late 1920s through 1930.

By 1930, according to the Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was the largest thrift company in the State of Ohio." Of the ten largest savings and loans in the City of Columbus in 1930, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company held the lead with assets valued at S50,392,772, representing a growth of 56 percent from the value of their assets in $8,524,304; and Brunson Savings and Loan Company at $5,928,220." In 1930, the total thrift assets for Franklin County were $146,794,085, with the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company valued at just over 34 percent of the total. The effects of the Depression were felt by all of Columbus' building and loan associations by the mid-1930s, reflected in the drop in the number of surviving banks and the size of the assets.

According to the 1935 Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report, the assets of the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company had dropped significantly to $30,666,834, but it was still well ahead in value over the other savings and loans banks in Columbus. The Buckeye was followed by the Brunson Saving and Loan Company, with assets of $3,187,785; Scioto Building and Loan Company at $2,885,741; Union Building and Savings Company at $2,602,666; and Railroad Building and Loan Company at 2,264,599." However, as several of Columbus' savings banks (including Ohio State Savings Association) federalized after 1932 and joined the Home Loan Bank System, the statistics for these federalized banks were not included in the Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report.

Although the Buckeye joined the Home Loan Bank System after it was created by Congress in 1932, the Company was not formally federalized at that time. The company's assets were declining through the 1930s and 1940s, but the board of directors still felt strongly that the bank " From the records of the Ohio Division of Financial Institutions, Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. saving and loan institution. Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. Special thanks to Stanley Cooper for providing this information. Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. 34*1935 Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report," courtesy of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. Page The Buckeye State Building $32,121,529; the Ohio State Savings Association at $10,008,212; Franklin Loan & Savings Co. 1925.

The Buckeye was followed by the Columbian Building and Loan Company at NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio again in1935 when the Buckeye Company was approved by the Home Loan Bank Board for federal insurance of its accounts, but the directors withdrew the application after its customers did not respond positively to a letter asking for consent to the changeover.

The Buckeye State Building and Loan Association continued to hold its lead over the other state chartered savings banks through the late 1930s and early 1940s, but its total assets did not improve from the early 1930s and even dropped slightly to $24,543,015 according to the 1940 Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report." This number, however, still represented a large percentage (53%) of the total city assets for 1940 at S45.4 million.

The competitor state- chartered savings banks followed far behind with values ranging from $2.2 to $3.8 million in assets.* During World War II, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company was involved in the purchase and sale of war bonds, with more than S10 million war bonds sold." After the close of World War II in 1945, the assets for the Buckeye Company improved slightly to $26.6 million, were up to just more than $30 million in 1948." Following the Serviceman's Readjustment Act of 1944 and the Veterans' Emergency Housing Act of 1946, the banking industry in Columbus was revived in the late 1940s and early 1950s with the demand for loans to involved in the financing of government loans for Gl mortgages, on July 30, 1949 the Buckeye was federalized, after which its name was changed to Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan 3ª Guthrie, 19.

37*1940 Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report," courtesy of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions, Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. chartered savings banks included: Economy Savings & Loan Co. at $3,881,951; the Brunson Savings& Loan Co. $2,749,387; the Railroad Building & Loan Co. S2,277,687 and the Allemania Building & Loan Co. S2,276,203. Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH. The other top four competitor state-chartered savings and loans banks for that year included Economy S&L Co., valued at S3,920,938; Railroad B&L Co. valued at $3,744,814; Allemania B&L Co. valued at S3,460,036; Standard S&L Co. valued at $2,860,533. Page and Loan Company Building pay for new businesses and houses for the returning Gls.

Perhaps as a result of becoming The Buckeye State Building was surviving well without the assistance of the government.s The issue of federalizing came up million. 3 According to the *1940 Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report," the top four competitor state- NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio Association. By 1955 the assets of the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association improved to $53 million, a restoration to the pre-Depression figures.* The Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association continued to grow and expand its operations with the construction of its first branch bank in the suburbs of Columbus in 1956. Several more branch banks followed in the late 1950s and 1960s.

In the 1970s, the Buckeye was known as the giant of the local savings-loan industry after it merged with the local People Savings Association.* The Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association began experiencing problems in the late the Buckeye Federal Savings and Loan Association, was purchased by National City Corp. in successful savings and loans association in Columbus from 1925, just before it opened its new headquarters, to 1949 when it was federalized. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company represents an important and significant institution during the period of significance for its contributions to the building and loan industry as a safe deposit institution and for providing loans and mortgages to the citizens of Columbus.

Criterion C, Significance in Architecture The Buckeye Building is significant as an outstanding example of the Classical Revival style applied to a high-rise bank/office building and an important work of the New York City Architecture Firm of Hopkins & Dentz state-chartered stock company into a Federal mutual association and included the federal insurance of accounts 43 Guthrie, 20 Page Overview 1990. and Loan Company Building The Buckeye State Building 4"Buckeye Federal S&LMerges with Dispatch (23 September 1970),41B. In conclusion, the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company served asthe largest and most 42 Guthrie, 19-20. The process of federalization converted the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company from a 1980s as part of a failure of banks nationwide. Buckeye Financial Corp., the parent company of NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The architecture firm of Hopkins & Dentz of New York City was responsible for the design of the Buckeye Building. Architects Alfred Hopkins and John G. Dentz formed a partnership sometime in the mid-1920s that continued into the 1930s. Hopkins (1870-1941) was the leading member of the team.* After Hopkins studied architecture at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, he opened his own architectural firm in 1901.4 He joined the AIA in 1912, but resigned in 1919.* At the time of his resignation from AIA, Hopkins listed two associates Charles S.

Keefe In the 1910s and early 1920s, Hopkins received a variety of commissions, including dozens of farm complexes for upscale estates on Long Island and the midwest, a number of prison buildings and many individual banks and tower bank buildings throughout the northeast and midwest. Hopkins was a prolific writer on the subject of design and authored many journal concerning the optimum design for bank buildings was a 1922 submission to The Architectural Forum entitled "Some Ideas on Bank Buildings - Artistic and Practical." In this article, banking hall as they are not fireproof), and the ideal banking plans (U plan, island plan and half- island plan). Large low windows were recommended by Hopkins to provide the light and ventilation for the banking halls, as well as light wells where possible. Office and vault design were also discussed in detail by Hopkins.

An early bank commission by Hopkins, while still operating under his own name, was the 9-story Commercial Bank and Trust Company Building (a.k.a. First National Bank), a neoclassical bank tower built in 1916 (now demolished) in Bridgeport, CT." Three low-rise bank buildings noted in the 1922 article by Hopkins include: 45 Biological information on John G. Dentz is scant. A U.S. Census record from 1920 listed that he was born in 1881 in Wisconsin. He lived in Brooklyn, Kings, NY at the time and was employed as a manager of an art studio. U.S. Census information courtesy of Columbus Metropolitan Library database. Fundamentals of Good Bank Building (1929), Prisons and Prison Building (1930), Planning for Sunshine and Fresh 1922), Vol. 36, No. 1, 1-7. " This information was affirmed by the Connecticut SHPO officer. Page and Loan Company Building The Buckeye State Building and Lester S.

La Pierre on his letterhead.* Hopkins advised on topics such as ventilation and lighting (against the use of skylights in the 40 National Register Nomination for Commercial Trust Company Building, New Britain, CT, page 10 ethical violation. Air (1931). articles and published several books throughout his career.*One article espousing his beliefs 49 The titles of the books Hopkins published include: Selections from the Country Work of Alfred Hopkins & s0 Alfred Hopkins, "Some Ideas on Bank Buildings-Artistic and Practical," The Architectural Forum (January NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio OH; and the Mt. Kisco National Bank Building in Mt. Kisco, NY.

Hopkins also included sketches in the article of the Manufacturers National Bank in Troy, NY and the Safe Deposit Bank of Pottsville, PA, both low-rise bank buildings. In the late 1920s, Hopkins was a regular contributor and advertiser in the journal The Bankers included an illustration of the new Buckeye Building and included a paragraph about the building's underground parking" This same issue also included a short article about a new Hopkins & Dentz associate, Laurence P. Ferree, a bank planner, who opened an office for Hopkins & Dentz in the Land Title Building in Philadelphia, PA. Hopkins went on to write a book on the subject of bank design entitled Fundamentals of Good Bank Building in 1929, shortly after the Buckeye Building was completed. In it, he included photographs and interior sketches drawn by his associate Lester La Pierre.

Hopkins discussed all aspects of bank design, from the preferable lot size and shape to the flooring and furnishings of the office bank building. Hopkins' views had changed by this point regarding the optimum design for banking facilities. His earlier article stated his enthusiasm for bank buildings designed exclusively for the use of the bank as being more profitable, as the banks which build office buildings "for their income return sooner or later regret it." His later views noted that must be the dominant feature of the building and "emphasized to the exclusion of every other feature."s He reiterated his belief that a bank should be a dignified, striking structure, with a design based on classical formulas and a "open-faced" façade, where the public can see in and attracts attention to the banking activities and acts as a advertising medium for the bank.

Hopkins referred to the Buckeye Building indirectly in his book on bank design by referring to it of the Buckeye Building. He also provided an anecdote of how the building was designed as the what its worthy competitor was building directly opposite." Plans were drawn up by Hopkins S* Hopkins, "Some ideas on Bank Buildings," 1. Hopkins, The Fundamentals of Good Bank Building (New York: The Bankers Publishing Company, 1929), 103. 5 Hopkins, The Fundamentals of Good Bank Building, 110 Page and Loan Company Building Section number the bank interiors.By1929,Hopkins included a chapter explaining the benefits of constructing The Buckeye State Building "rental values make the office building a paying investment,"but qualified that the bank itself 52The Bankers Monthly (January and February,1928),Rand McNally &Co.Publishers,51 and 53. Monthly.

Advertisements for the firm subtitled the firm as "bank architects" and "vault & equipment engineers." In the January 1928 issue of The Bankers Monthly, Hopkins & Dentz. as a bank building in "a thriving city in the Mid West, " and included photographs and sketches 53 The Bankers Monthly (January, 1928), Rand McNally & Co. Publishers, 51. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number The Buckeye State Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio for a four-story building, like the one going up across the street. After much consideration, the bank owners conceded that their size requirements would exceed the space allotted by the smaller building, so a 12-story building was planned.

Hopkins explained that the office space was far more desirable on the upper floors of a high building than pushed to the rear in a lower- story building. In addition, a parking garage was proposed by Hopkins in the basement of the Buckeye Building to address the needs of parking in the congested downtown, an innovative engineering idea at the time for car storage. At this time, in 1925, Hopkins stated in his book Hopkins & Dentz designed bank buildings in a variety of different architectural styles. The Italian Renaissance Revival style bank tower designed by Hopkins & Dentz and constructed in 1925 at 51-55 W. Main Street, New Britain, CT (National Register 1999). The firm also designed the prominent Romanesque Revival style Michigan National Tower (now known as the Boji Building), a 23-story bank-office building in Lansing, MI in 1931 (National Register, 1978).

Hopkins separated from Dentz sometime in the early 1930s and formed his own firm again known as Hopkins & Associates. This firm continued to work under this name through the 1950s after Hopkins died in 1941. Classical Revival Style The Classical Revival style has its roots in the influential 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago, where the simple, clean lines of the classical style was introduced as an alternative to the fussy Victorian buildings that filled the crowded cities of the period. Another influential source for the Classical Revival style became the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, a popular school for American architects after finishing their domestic training. The Buckeye Building's shape, a tower, was a logical form for a new office building, as it was an economical solution to urban density.

The reintorced concrete and steel trame technology 58 Hopkins, The Fundamentals of Good Bank Building, 111. Page Buckeye Building. and Loan Company Building One hundred spaces were eventually incorporated into the basement and a sub-basement of the that he could only find three other examples of underground parking garages in the country.s9 Commercial Trust Company Building(a.k.a.New Britain National Bank Building) is a 7-story, perfected in the first decades of the 20t century lent itself well for high rise buildings. The NPS United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio primary exterior elevations of the Buckeye Building follow a base-pillar-capital format that is typical of the Classical Revival style buildings of the period.

In the 1920s, many banking institutions throughout the country were building office towers reflecting the popular aesthetic tastes of the period. Bankers realized that the bank itself was an advertisement of its security, so the packaging of the bank emphasized solidarity, strength and permanence. Banks also embraced the local community, and often reflected the local history or surroundings. During the 1910s and 1920s bank buildings were typically constructed in the Classical and Renaissance Revival styles. The Buckeye Building is a good example of a traditional bank design of the mid-1920s that reflects the solid values of a midwest town.

According to Hopkins' 1922 article, the most appropriate architectural expression for the bank as a public institution should "be found in the classical style, but that does not mean the tasteless iteration and reiteration of pediments, columns, arches." Hopkins stated the noble architecture is the bank's "greatest assets so far as its house is concerned." Hopkins himself varied the stylistic approach for his bank/office towers by alternating between the conservative Classical Revival and the Renaissance Revival styles. By the late 1920s and early 1930s, the influence of the Art Deco movement, with its sense of modernity and movement, was incorporated into bank design and reflected new banking methods.

Comparative Buildings The Buckeye Building represents an outstanding example of a Classical Revival style combination bank/office building in downtown Columbus, one of only a few Classical Revival beginning with the construction of the classically-inspired State House (centrally located at the corner of High and Broad Streets) from 1839 to 1861 (National Register, 1972). Several notable including the Rankin Building (1912) at 22 W. Gay Street, a modest 3-story bank built by the Buckeye State Building and Loan Company prior to the construction at 36-42 E. Gay Street.® " Hopkins, "Some Ideas on Bank Buildings." I. popularly employed by architects for commercial buildings in downtown Columbus between 1895 and 1925.

One of the earliest examples of the Chicago Style can be found at the Wyandotte Building, the first steel-frame high-rise in Colombus (National Exposition indicates that Columbus was a mainstream, bustling town that could command the services of such prominent architects as Burnham. Another popular style in downtown Columbus in the early 20* century was the Renaissance Revival 63 Guthries,13. low-rise Classical Revival style banks were constructed in Columbus in the early 2o" century, The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building style. Page The majority of the office buildings in downtown Columbus display the Commercial or Chicago Style, a style that was designs of D.H. Burnham & Company of Chicago. The presence of this Chicago style tower so soon after the Columbian style high rises in the city. The Classical Revival style has had a strong presence in Columbus Register, 1972).

The Wyandotte Building, at 21 W. Broad Street, was constructed in 1894-1895 as an office tower with the NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Section number Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The Central Building Loan and Savings Building at 46-48 E. Gay Street, adjacent to the Buckeye Building, is another Classical Revival bank building of three stories. Finished in 1912, the Central Building Loan and Savings Building is a modest, low-rise bank building with the symmetry, formality and Classical features that were typical of the style. Unlike the Buckeye Building, the Central Building represents an independent bank type building devoted largely to the bank tenant with minimal additional office space for the bank or tenants.

One of the most prominent Classical Revival style bank/office towers in Columbus is the First National Bank, located two blocks from the Buckeye Building at 33 N. High Street. Until the Buckeye Building was constructed, the National Bank, a 9-story, c. 1905 bank/office building, was the tallest Classical Revival style in Columbus. Like the Buckeye Building, the First National Bank Building contains Classical Revival style features, like 2-story, engaged Doric columns, a pedimented storefront cornice, anda heavily dentilled and bracketed cornice. Both buildings follow the same format, with highly ornamented bases and capitals, with the center "shaft" portions of the building plainly ornamented, indicating leasable space, and two-story windows on the ground floor indicating the main banking hall. Although both buildings are earlier First National Bank.

Many bank-office towers constructed in a variety of styles were present in downtown Columbus by the time that the Buckeye Building was erected in 1926. A block away to the south of the Buckeye Building stands the 16-story Georgian Revival style Capitol Trust Building at 8 E. Broad Street (1906), one of the earliest examples in Columbus of a high rise office building with a bank on the ground floor. Another early bank-office building was the 12-story, Renaissance Revival style Columbus Savings & Trust Building (finished in 1905, now known as the Atlas the same block shape as the Buckeye, with similar Classical style detailing at the cornice and ground floors, but incorporates elements of the Renaissance Revival style, including a rusticated stone base, and a grand three-story arched main entrance opening.

The Classical Revival Style and the City Beautiful Movement in Columbus, OH In the early 20t century, the City Beautiful movement was sweeping through many urban centers in the United States, including Columbus. The intent of the movement was to improve the aesthetics of cities with the application and implementation of the structured and classical European Beaux Arts style to American architecture and city planning; to impart civic values and Page and Loan Company Building Building) located a block north of the Buckeye Building at 8 E.Long Street(National Register, The Buckeye State Building OMB No. 1024-0018 block-like in shape and occupy a large footprint, the later Buckeye Building towers over the 1977). The Huntington Bank Building nearby at 17 S. High Street in Columbus is another example of a contemporary bank-office building constructed in 1926.

This 13-story building has NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio improve impoverished areas; and to create an inviting city center. In Columbus, the Buckeye Building and the other prominent Classical Revival Style bank buildings in the downtown reflect representational of the City Beautiful Movement active in Columbus during the 1920s are: the Central High School (1924-1925) at 70 Washington Blvd. and the new Columbus City Hall (1926-1928) at 90 W. Broad St. Flanking the Scioto River, these two buildings provide context regarding planning, construction and development of Columbus' civic center in the 1920s and the powerful impact of the City Beautiful Movement.

In conclusion, the Buckeye Building is a significant example of one of a few Classical Revival style high-rise bank/office buildings standing in downtown Columbus, built at a time when several other styles were competing for popularity, including the Renaissance Revival style, the prominent bank designers Hopkins & Dentz, the board of the Buckeye Bank was assured a conservative image that conveyed stability, security and prosperity. Page and Loan Company Building Section number the popularity of this movement.Two notable Classical Revival Style buildings that are The Buckeye State Building NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio Bodfish, Henry Morton, ed. History of Building and Loan in the United States.

United Stated Building and Loan League: Chicago, 1931. Guthrie, William S. The Buckeye, A Community Institution. The Newcomen Society in North America: New York, 1970. Hooper, Osman Castle. History of the City of Columbus Ohio. The Memorial Publishing Company: Columbus, OH, 1920. Hopkins, Alfred The Fundamentals of Good Bank Building. New York: The Bankers Publishing Company, 1929. Ohio Savings & Loan League, ACentury of Service, The First One Hundred Years. n.p., 1988. Samuelson, Robert, Pasquale C. Grado, Judith Kitchen and Jeffrey Darbee. Architecture: Columbus (The Columbus Chapter of the American Institute of Architects: Columbus, OH, Newspaper and Journal Articles "Buckeye Building Celebrating its 50" Year,"Columbus Dispatch (24 July 1978): Section B. Alfred Hopkins, "Some Ideas on Bank Buildings-Artistic and Practical," The Architectural Forum (January 1922) v. 36, n. 1: 1-7.

"Tenants of New Office Building Will Have No Parking Problem," Columbus Citizen (26 June 1926): 7. Books Bibliography 1976. Page and Loan Company Building National Park Service Section number The Buckeye State Building "The New Buckeye Building,"Columbus This Week v. 1, n. 25: cover and 27. "Buckeye Building Will be Ready by April 15," Columbus Citizen (5 March 1927): 5. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM and Loan Company Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio Government Publications Ohio Building and Loan Association Annual Report for 1925, 1930, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1948, courtesy of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions, Ohio Department of Commerce, Columbus, OH.

Page The Buckeye State Building Section number The Buckeye Building Franklin County, OH name of property county and State 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property40 acre (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By organization Powers & Co., Inc. March 22, 2004 street & number_211 N. 13" Street, 5" Floor telephone_ 215-636-0192 city or town Philadelphia _ state_PA zip code 19102 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location.

Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) LA Buckeye Leaseholder LLC (Ground Lessee) / Attn: Dean S. Adler street & number 435 Devon Park Drive, Building 500 city or town Wayne _state_PA _zip code LA Buckeye Building Owner LLC / Attn: Ronald Caplan street & number c/o Philadelphia Management 1411 Walnut Street, 3* Floor telephone (215) 241-0200 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.).

Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0.Box 37127,Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. 442482 19087 329386 Easting 117 Zone Photographs telephone name/title Continuation Sheets Northing UTM References Sheryl Jaslow Representative black and white photographs of the property. instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to name date NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM The Buckeye State Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio SAID INLOT 465; THENCE, NORTH 8 DEGREES 25 MINUTES 27 SECONDS WEST, ALONG THE EASTERLY RIGHT-OF-W A YLINEOF SAID NORTH PEARL STREET (WESTERL Y LINE OF SAID INLOT 465), A DISTANCE OF 188.00 FEET TO A DRILL HOLE IN CONCRETE AT THE INTERSECTION OF THE EASTERLY RIGHT.OF- - WAY LINE OF SAID EAST ELM STREET (NORTHERLY LINE OF INLOTS 465 AND 464), A DISTANCE OF 93.33 FEET TO A NAIL; EASTERLY LINE OF THE WEST ONE HALF OF SAID INLOT 464 (WESTERLY LINE OF THE EAST ONE HALF OF SAID INLOT 464), A DISTANCE OF 90.00 FEET TO A POINT; THENCE, NORTH 81 DEGREES 32 MINUTES 06 SECONDS EAST, ACROSS SAID INLOT 464, AND STREET(NORTHERLY LINE OF SAID INLOT464),ADISY ANCE OF1.00 FOOT TOAPOINT ON THE ONE HALF OF SAID INLOT 464); THENCE, SOUTH 8 DEGREES 25 MINUTES 27 SECONDS EAST, ACROSS SAID INLOT 464, AND ALONG THE NORTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF SAID EAST GAY STREET, AT THE SOUTHEASTERLY WAY LINE OF SAID EAST GAY STREET (SOUTHERLY LINE OF SAID INLOTS 464 AND 465), A DISTANCE OF 94.33 FEET TO THE PLACE OF BEGINNING, CONTAINING 0.405 ACRES.

Verbal Boundary Description: and Loan Company Building Section number BEGINNING AT A DRILL HOLE IN CONCRETE AT THE INTERSECTION OF THE NORTHERLY RIGHT- OF-WAY OF EAST GAY STREET (82.50 FEET WIDE), WITH THE EASTERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF WAY LINE OF SAID NORTH PEARL STREET, WITH THE SOUTHERLY RIGHT -OF- WAY LINE OF EAST THENCE, NORTH. 81 DEGREES 32 MINUTES 06 SECONDS EAST, ALONG THE SOUTHERLY RIGHT -OF A LINE PARALLEL WITH AND 1.00 FEET WESTERL Y OF MEASURED AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE ALONG A LINE PARALLEL WITH THE SOUTHERLY RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF SAID EAST ELM THE EASTERL Y LINE OF THE WEST ONE HALF OF SAID INLOT 464 (WESTERLY LINE OF THE EAST ONE HALF OF SAID INLOT 464), A DISTANCE OF 93.01 FEET TO A DRILL HOLE IN CONCRETE ON THENCE, SOUTH 81 DEGREES 32 MINUTES 33 SECONDS WEST, ALONG THE NORTHERLY RIGHT-OF- Page NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.

10-90) United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES and Loan Company Building Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The nominated property includes the entire parcel historically associated with the Buckeye Page Building. REGISTRATION FORM Boundary Justification: Section number National Park Service The Buckeye State Building NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM Photograph # Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio The following information pertains to every photograph: Franklin County, Ohio December 2003 Powers & Company, Inc.

Description of View South and east elevations, looking NW Detail of first floor, south elevation, looking NW Detail of entrance to banking hall, south elevation, looking N West and north elevations, looking SE North elevation, looking SE 1" floor banking hall, looking N Detail of ceiling, 1" floor banking hall Detail of entrance vestibule, main banking hall, 1 floor, looking S Detail of vault, 1" floor banking hall, looking E Banking hall offices, mezzanine floor, looking NE Board room, 1" floor banking hall, looking NE Basement elevator lobby, looking N 1" floor, main elevator lobby, looking N 2nd floor, room 200, looking E 3"d floor elevator lobby/storage room, looking E 5th floor, looking SE 6t floor, SE stair 7 floor corridor, looking N 10" floor elevator lobby, looking NE Page and Loan Company Building Section number Sheryl Jaslow The Buckeye State Building The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 13h floor hallway, looking W ELM STREET THE BUCKEYE E.

GAY STREET The Buckeye Building, Site Plan (n.t.s.) BUILDING Franklin County, OH PEARL STREET 36-42 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 1st floor plan n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 2nd floor plan n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 3rd and 4th floor mezzanine plan n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 5th floor plan n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 6th floor plan n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH n.t.s. The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building 7th-15th typical floor plan 36-42 E. Gay Street Franklin County, OH 16th penthouse plan n.t.s.

The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building BUILDING The Buckeye Building, showing Franklin County, OH photograph locations E. GAY STREET ELM STREET PEARL STREET THE BUCKEYE 36-42 locations on 1st floor, 2nd floor and basement 36-42 E. Gay Street The Buckeye Building, showing photograph Franklin County, OH locations on 3rd and 5th floors 36-42 E. Gay Street The Buckeye Building, showing photograph Franklin County, OH 36-42 E. Gay Street The Buckeye Building, showing photograph location on 6th through 13th floors Franklin County, OH UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 45TH DAY: N PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS : RECOM.

/CRITERIA If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the RETURN 10/06/04 TELEPHONE 10/14/04 MULTIPLE REJECT DISCIPLINE REVIEWER DATE 8/31/04 OTHER: ACCEPT nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPs. DATE RECEIVED: NATIONAL PARK SERVICE REASONS FOR REVIEW: LESS THAN 5O YEARS: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N DATE OF 16TH DAY: APPEAL: N REQUEST: N N SLR DRAFT: N STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Franklin PDIL: SAMPLE: NATIONAL: Photo#!

(614) 280-4800 BUCKEYE Available NNNEA1NI Franklin County, OH Photo#3 Quaker Photo 01/08/04 Lau AVAILABLE INDOOR EAST GAY STREET (614) PARKING 614 221-630 Photo #4 The Buckeye State Building and Loan Company Building Photo #5 ONE WAY Photo#Ce NNND31NI --- 037 The Digital Lab @ Quaker Photo 01/0s/04 020 NNNH31NI --- 009 The Buckeye State Bulding and Loan Company Building Frankain Canty, OH Franklin County, Dt The Buckeye State Building and Csan Company Building NNNFN2NI NNNF 11NI --- 104 614 280-4800 FOR LEASE L. MILLER / 1. HALL NNNFNNNI Franklin Canty,oHt 200 Franiclin County, Quaker Photo 01/08/04 NNNF1NNI --- 097 Photo# 19 @ Quaker Photo 01/08/04 NNNF1NNI --- 068 NNNDB2NI --- TENTH FLOOR NNNF22NI --- 093 Photo#21 080 NNNF3NNI The Digital Lab @ Quaker Photo 01/08/04 Photo #23 Quaker Photo 01/08/04 SOUTHEAST COLUMBUS, OH SOUTHEAST COLUMBUS QUADRANGLE UNITED STATES OHIO-FRANKLIN CO.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ZONE