Major Bibliographical References Previous documentation on file (NPS) - Other State agency - Federal agency - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) - Local government has been requested. - University - Other - previously listed in the National Register - previously determined eligible by the National Register - designated a National Historic Landmark - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Ohio Historic Inventory - recorded by Historic American Engineering Record X State Historic Preservation Office 1923 1922-1954 history purposes.
African-American Bibliography Criteria Considerations Architect/Builder Significant Person Applicable National Register Criteria Shiloh Baptist Church National Register listing) Property is: construction superintendent Significant Dates (Enter categories from instructions) Name of repository: Cultural Affiliation Period of Significance Primary location of additional data C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a G less than50 yearsof age or achieved significance XX A Property is associated with events that have made (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio Shiloh Baptist Church sits on a corner lot with parking lots to the west and north of the building.
Interstate 71 the interstate highway to its west, it continues to be a major physical presence in its near east side Statement of Significance major religious and social institution in the African-American community of Columbus, Ohio. of African-American religious institutions dates back to the establishment of St. Paul African Methodist in 1839. Shiloh Baptist Church, the third-oldest African-American church in Columbus, was founded in 1869 as a direct descendent of the Second Baptist Church. The First Baptist Church, which was founded in 1824, began accepting members from the city's Free Black population.
According to Advancement- Negroes Contribution in Franklin County, 1803-1953, the First Baptist Congregation voted in 1834 "That the colored brethren have liberty to be set off as a branch of this must be done by this church." It took several years of planning, but in 1839 the First Baptist Church approved the formation of the Second Baptist Church. African-American history. Background Information is located along the west property line of the building. The area around the church is mainly residential in The Shiloh Baptist Church is the third oldest African-American congregation in Columbus, founded in 1869. The church occupied several other locations before construction of this church in the 1920s. The missionaries to Africa during the past 60 years; and forming and continuing the operation of its own credit The church building retains a high level of integrity.
Although its setting was changed with the construction of and significance as one of the oldest African-American congregations in the city, as well as for its role as a in the formation of another African-American congregation in Columbus that is still active; providing an interstate highway makes it a symbol of the important role of religion in the African-American community. In the early 19t century, Columbus had a small, but growing, population of Free Black citizens. The history United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio The congregation used this church until 1884 when it purchased an existing church building, known as the The Rev.
George Scott, who served as pastor from 1880-1884, is credited with expanding the membership in the central business district and eastern area of the city, north of Broad Street (the main east-west thoroughfare in Columbus). The church at Cleveland Avenue and Spring Street was conveniently located for a large number of the city's African-Americans. The Rev. W. L. Burr became pastor following Rev. Cradic's death. established on Grant Avenue (slightly farther east of the Cleveland Avenue church) as one of the church's Baptist Church and located on East Main Street in downtown Columbus. Under Rev. Burr's direction the first choir of the church was established. He also spearheaded the effort to build a new home of the congregation Missionary Society, named in honor of Emma Beard Delaney (1871-1922), an African-American who started the first mission in Liberia, West Africa.
The name has been used for over 100 years by the Missionary purpose of meeting the needs, both home and abroad, of the Mission Board ministries. By the time Rev. George Davis took over the pastorate in 1914, the African-American population in Columbus had grown from just over 8,000 in 1900 to nearly 13,000 in 1910. Mr. J.B. Malone, a graduate During this period of growth, the African-American population in Columbus was also expanding -numbering In 1901,the church expanded its mission activities and organized them under the name the E. B.Delaney Rev.Burr was a staunch advocate of equity and justice and it was under his direction that a mission was Section number_8 Page 4 on the northeast corner of Fourth Street and Gay Street in what is now the center of downtown Columbus. old Christy Chapel, on Cleveland Avenue at Spring Street, also in the city's central business district.
first outreach efforts. The mission eventually grew into a separate church - known today as Mt. Olivet at the Cleveland Avenue site -reportedly the first church building constructed by African-Americans in activities of Shiloh. During this time, over 36 mission groups have been established by Shiloh for the over 3,000 in 1880and over 5,500in 1890. At that time the greatest concentration of African-Americans was The Rev. William Cradic became pastor in 1888 and served for a decade. Among his accomplishments were church's first weekly bulletin, Our Journal, which was published by the Sunday School beginning in 1895. Columbus. The new church (now demolished) was dedicated on June 16, 1901.
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio large numbers of African-Americans left the rural south for jobs and opportunities in northern cities nearly tripled between 1900 and 1920 when it expanded from slightly over 8,000 residents to over 22,000. reaching nearly 39,000 in 1940. Cincinnati, Chicago and St.Louis RR) shops, was located in this area, as were several other industries that offices (doctors, lawyers, dentists, accountants); retail shops; beauty salons and barber shops, hotels, theaters, open air markets, restaurants, music clubs, fraternal lodges, schools and churches. Columbus ...walked with everyone else up and down Mount Vernon Avenue.
That was a self-sufficient street; it knew on Mount Vernon Avenue." concluded "the northeast section is the most populous and the southwest is the least... relatively few Negroes in Columbus live west of High Street (major north-south corridor in Columbus); and the Negroes are more numerous in the older sections near the center of the city than in the outskirts of town." In It was within this context that Rev. James Burks accepted the call to be the new pastor of Shiloh Baptist numbers and activities.Rev.Davis provided direction for the formation, in 1917,of the Shiloh Publishing Section number8 Page 5 construction of a mission church. He also negotiated the sale of the Cleveland Avenue church to the Columbus was one of the cities that benefited from this migration.
The city's African-American population It was during this same period that the near east side of Columbus (north of Broad Street) became the Avenue became major commercial centers for the African-American community, lined with professional artist Aminah Robinson recently wrote in the forward to her book A Street Called Home "My parents how to survive. People wove in and out with horses and carts and trucks; you could hear the street cries; people bartered and bought and sold; people played and danced.Everything you could need you could find Mary Louise Mark wrote In Negroes in Columbus (1923) "In the absence of immigrants the colored people have found a readymarket for their labor in domestic service and in allied occupations and more recently in referring to the Long Street and Mount Vernon Avenue neighborhood, she wrote "...
This section seems to as the aristocratic colored section; and several real estate agents, both white and colored, said they had 1000 yearly..."During this period the Shiloh Baptist Church congregation was also expanding in both Company to produce church publications and the purchase of land on Grant Avenue for the Seventh Day Adventists in 1921, clearing the way for the construction of the present building. The period following World War I began what became known as the "Great Migration." During this period employed African-Americans.
In the period between the World Wars, Long Street and Mount Vernon Church in 1922.It was under Burks' leadership and his direct involvement that the present church was built United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio April 23, 1922. The first service was held in August, 1923 in the basement --then the only portion completed. A separate contract was let in 1924 to the O.A. Day Construction Company for completion of the church. The contract stipulated that Rev. Burks would be the superintendent of construction, an unusual role for a pastor. Thus he took and also having a role in the design. An architect for the project has not been identified in church records. The church was completed for $210,000. performed all duties." the foreclosure.
In spite of its difficulties, Shiloh Baptist Church continued its services to the unemployed and hungry. church until 1935 He was followed by Rev. Sandy Ray, who is credited with addition more than 300 members to the church during his over a Pastors' Recognition Day for the former pastors of the church. It was at this time that Rev. Burks was presented accomplishments during Rev. Ray's pastorate included the formation of a community nursery school and assistance Church for 35 years. He came to this pastorate with an extensive background in preaching and community service. His leadership resulted in the formation of the Shiloh Federal Credit Union in 1947 -the first church-based credit volunteers - all members of the church and elected by the membership of the Credit Union.
over the day-to-day supervision of church construction.He is credited with having the vision of the completed project on Mount Vernon Avenue, in the heart of the city's African-American community. Ground was broken for the church on Indianapolis, Indiana. The description stated"...contractor Miss Olive A. Day of Indianapolis, Indiana, who for more manifested. With her philanthropic spirit and broad vision in the business life, she has been the instrument by which the National Convention of the NAACP and the Ohio Baptist General Association. Also in 1940, Rev. Ray presided A reprint of the 70* Anniversary Program (1946) provides a description of Miss Olive A. Day, Contractor and Builder, Rev. Burks continued to lead the congregation during the Depression, a time of extreme difficulty for Shiloh Baptist Church.
In 1932, the church was unable to meet its mortgage payments and the pastor's salary was irregular. The during this difficult time that Shiloh began to sponsor a full-time missionary in Africa. Reverend Burks served the provided to 300 flood victims during the Ohio River flood of 1937. when many traditional lending institutions discriminated against African-Americans. The Credit Union is still in United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio addition of nearly 2,000 new members to the church. that was on WBNS-AM for more than 25 years. He was also one of the founders of the Mt. Vernon Business Association which is involved with the revitalization of the changing neighborhood where the church is located. The served on the executive committee of the N.A.A.C.P.
In 1981, the Rev. C. Dexter Wise became pastor of Shiloh. A decade later there was a drastic split in the church due provided leadership for the church to construct a new Education Wing in 2002. virtually all aspects of the lives of its members. A year later, Dr. Kenneth Hamilton, a professor of Black History at been owned, controlled and guided by Black people for over 200 years." The Shiloh Baptist Church is celebrating its 135 anniversary in 2004. It continues to fulfill an important role in the lives of its members and through its outreach efforts to the homeless,the imprisoned, and the less fortunate, it of the city's African-American community, is a tangible reminder of the church's proud past. Section number8 Page ] Among Rev.
Parrish's other accomplishments were the formation of an after-school recreational and religious In 1961 a property on Brentnell Avenue (on the east side of Columbus) was purchased for additional outreach combined with the Civil Rights movement which resulted in many African-Americans moving out of the historically to a dispute over building a new church in another location. Rev. Wise left with 70 members of the church to start the location began to rebuild the congregation. In 1993, Rev. Otha Gilyard became Shiloh's most recent pastor. He stands tall because his predecessors were leaders in the emergence of former slaves into American citizenship... White churches play prominent parts in community affairs, but Black churches are even more intimately involved in America. It has been the main-stay while other institutions have faltered or failed Black people.
It has been the anniversary in 1969. Rev. Parrish continued to serve the church until his retirement in 1980. Rev. Parrish was known to the larger Columbus community through his popular weekly radio show "Steal Away" Columbus Citizen-Journal selected Rev. Parrish as one of the city's ten outstanding men in 1951 - the only African non-denominational church, Faith Ministries. The other members, committed to remaining in the church's historic continues to serve the broader community. The historic Shiloh Baptist Church, still located in what was once the heart National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Shiloh Baptist Church, Columbus, CONTINUATION SHEET Franklin County, Ohio Advancement - Negroes Contribution in Franklin County, 1803-1953. Columbus, Ohio Chapter of the Frontiers of America, Inc., 1953-54. Bishop, Anna. Black Experience in Columbus. no date, no publisher.
Kane, Kathy Mast and Nelson, Cathy. Lost Treasures Found -A Survey of African American Resources on the Near East Side of Columbus, Ohio. Columbus Landmarks Foundation, 1994. McWilliams, William A. Columbus Illustrated Record. Columbus: McWilliams Publisher, 1919-1920. Robinson, Aminah Brenda Lynn. A Street Called Home. New York: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1997. Shiloh Baptist Church - Eighty-Five Years. Columbus, Shiloh Baptist Church, 1954. Shiloh Baptist Church, One Hundredth Anniversary. Columbus: Shiloh Baptist Church, 1969. Shiloh Baptist Church - 131Years of Service (1869-2000). Columbus: Shiloh Baptist Church. U.S. Census records The nomination encompasses Parcel #010-003019 as described in the Franklin County, Ohio records maintained by the Franklin County Auditor's office. Avenue, and the north by Grove Street.
Bibliography Verbal Boundary Description Boundary Justification United States Department of the Interior Mark, Mary Louise. Negroes in Columbus. Columbus: The Ohio State University Press, 1928. Columbus Dispatch, April 26, 1980; February 1, 1981, December 19, 1991. research conducted by members of the Shiloh Baptist Church congregation Franklin County, OH 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property_Approximately 1 acre (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1 17 330750 4426140 Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By _organization_Benjamin D. Rickey & Co.
street & number city or town Columbus _ state_OH _zip code _ Submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Representative black and white photographs of the property. (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) _telephone6143-7946 city or town the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. NPS Form 10-900 (Rev.
10-90) 43206 date name Columbus Photographs Maps Additional items Boundary Justification Additional Documentation Zone Easting Northing Property Owner Continuation Sheets See continuation sheet OMB No. 1024-0018 Shiloh Baptist Church UTM References (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name/title Nancy Recchie, Historic Preservation Consultant 593 S. Fifth St. Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications tothe National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings.
Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with 3/04 National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Photographer: Jeffrey T. Darbee Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. Columbus, Ohio 43206 July, 2004 1. View of west (side) and south (front) elevations View of south (front) elevation Detail of front entrance View of south (front) and east (side) elevations View of east (side) elevation North (rear) and west (side) elevations of education wing West (side) elevation of education wing 10. View of north (rear) elevation of original building 13. Detail of stained glass on west (side) elevation 14. View of main vestibule 15. View of Sanctuary, looking south toward front entrance View of Sanctuary, looking southwest from first floor 23.
View of staircase in new education wing 614-221-0358 Cornerstone Columbus, Photographs Date: Franklin County, Ohio 20.View of original staircase on west side of building CONTINUATION SHEET Shiloh Baptist Church, 19. View of Sanctuary, under balcony on east side of building 22.View of small second-floor chapel on west side of building 593 South Fifth Street United States Department of the Interior 21.View of classroom looking south toward window leading to Sanctuary 17. View of Sanctuary, looking northwest from balcony 16. View of Sanctuary, looking west from balcony View of of original building and 2002 education wing 11.View of north west of original building Section numberphotos Page 12.
View of west (side) elevation 24.View of hallway connecting new education wing to original church NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 45TH DAY: REASONS FOR REVIEW: N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS : If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the REJECT TELEPHONE DISCIPLINE 12/04/04 10/21/04 MULTIPLE REVIEWER DATE RETURN RECOM./CRITERIA OTHER: DATE RECEIVED: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 16TH DAY: APPEAL: N N SLR DRAFT: Y National Register of Historic Plades STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Franklin NATIONAL: LESS THAN 5O YEARS: SLR: Yes Resolution: Documentation Issues-Discussion Sheet Problem: Multiple Name Database Change: Reference No.
Recommendation:/ SLR Return Action: SLR_ Return None None Resource Name 1285 COLUMBUS SHILOH BAPTIST CH. COLUMBUS, OH FRANKLIN CO, OH FRANKLIN CO., OH SHIOH BAPTIST CH. 720 MT. UERNON AUE. COLUMBUS FRANKLIN CO., OH COLUmbUS 1922 JHBURKSD.D PTIST CHURCH SHILOH PASTOR FRANKLIN CO., OH FRANKLIN CO., OH COLUmBUS SHLOH BAPTIST CH. FRANKUINCO, OH COLUmBUS #7 SHICOH BAPTIST CH. FRANKLIN CO, OH COLUMBOS 4-4543 FRANKLIN CO., OH SHILOH BAOTISTCH FRANKLN CO., OH FRANKLIN CO., OH SHILOM BAPTIST CH. BARTIST CHURCH SHILOH FRANKLIN CO.OH BAPTIST CHURCH SHILOH SHKOH BAPTIST CH. COCUMBUS FRANKLIN CO., OH COLUMBUS FRANKUIN CO., OH COLUMBUS AN UNEQUAL [ AN EQUAL Gift acrifice COCUMBUS BUT AN EQUAL Gift Sacrifice AN UNEQUAL COLUMBUS SHILOH BAPTIST CH. SHILOH BAPTIST CH. COLUMBUS FRANKUN CO.OH FRANKLIN CO. OH COLUMBUS FRANKUNCO, OH COLS. FRANKLIN CO., OH Cocs. SHIOH BAPTIST CH.
FRANKLIN Co., OH SHILOH BAPTSTCH FRANKUIN CO, OH SHKOH BAPTIST CH. COLOmbUS SHILOH BAPTST CH. FRANKUN CO., OH UNITED STATES SOUTHEAST COLUMBUS QUADRANGLE 7.5 MINUTE SERES TOPOGRAPHIC DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SOUTHEAST COLUMBUS, OH ROAD CLASSIFICATION ZONE