Nomination for Federal Knitting Mills (Boundary Increase)

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

(Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior DEG. 2 1 2005 National Park Service REGISTRATION FORM This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Federal Knitting Mills (Boundary Increase) 2. Location street & number 2820, 2811-21 Vermont Ave._O not for publication city or town_Cleveland - vicinity state Ohio _ zip code_ OH county 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination -request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property X meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant O nationally O Department Head December 15,2005- Inventory & Registration Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. ([] See continuation sheet for additional - comments.) Signature of commenting or other official 4.

National Park Service Certification entered in the National Register - See continuation sheet. determined not eligible for the removed from the National Register other (explain): 44113 Date Cuyahoga 1024-0018 National Register Signature of certifying official NPS Form 10-900 1, hereby certify that this property is: statewide X locally. (- See continuation sheet for additional comments.) 5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property Check only one bo: X building(s) - public-local - public-State _ sites - public-Federal - structure _ objects Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously listed (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) in the National Register 6.

Function or Use Historic Functions Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC: multiple dwelling ON: manufacturing facility 7. Description STONE: sandstone AMERICAN MOVEMENTS: Commercial Style Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or roof Foundation other walls BRICK Materials ASPHALT Noncontributing INDUSTRY/PROCESSING/EXTRACTI Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase, Cuyahoga County, OH Architectural Classification LATE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY more continuation sheets.) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) X private Total district (Check as many boxes as apply) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mill Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Narrative Description The Federal Knitting Mills is located at the northeast corner of Detroit Avenue and West 29th Street and on Vermont Ave., in the Franklin Circle, City of Cleveland Landmark District. The building's address is 2860- 2894Detroit Avenue and 2811-21 Vermont Ave. Cleveland, Ohio. The 1910-1915 southwest building, designed by local architect Gustave B. Bohm, was drastically altered to widen Detroit Rd. for the Detroit- Schwarzenberg and Gaede Company in 1917. The building to the northeast was built in 1912 to house Loeblein & Dietzel Co. furniture manufacturers, but was acquired and joined to the main building in 1931.

Originally, the first building opened as the Federal Knitting Mills, but was sold to the Seaway Company in the 1960s. When the building was constructed in 1910 the neighborhood was primarily residential, with few remaining commercial/industrial complexes of the Franklin Circle Historic District. The Federal Knitting Mills is a cluster of two simple Commercial style brick buildings. (photos:1 and historic photo). The buildings have plain designs, limited to detail in the fashion of the commercial/industrial north elevation employs several entryways for delivery access. The east wall is a blank wall with limited The primary building is sixteen bays along the south elevation and ten bays deep to the north. There are several entrances into the building, two on the south elevation, one on the west, three on the north and three on the east.

The immense fenestration allows a great amount of light to fill the interior space. A photo dating from 1934 demonstrates the use of 1/1 double hung wood windows in the sixteen bays that front Detroit Avenue. Recent alterations have blocked in a majority of the lower level windows. Steel industrial windows of the building. The court has brick flooring and is enclosed on all four sides with an entrance to the east. The existing windows demonstrate alterations. Both steel industrial windows and wood 12/12 remain, in addition to the glass block and concrete blocked in areas (Photos: 18-19). 0018 (8-86) Page projections suggesting the Chicago style. A large chimney extends upward along the northwest corner of the buildings are two to three-story masonry construction. The Federal Knitting Mills is recognized as one of the are located throughout the north elevation window openings.

An open interior court is located in the center style of the 1910s. The primary building is a three-story masonry bearing wall building, with a small buildings. The majority of the residential buildings are two-story wood framed Victorians. Commercial the third floor.Projecting piers between the bays minimizes the horizontal effect of the building. The facade commercial buildings lining Detroit east of West 28th Street, towards downtown Cleveland. The Franklin building.A large water-tower structure, absence of the water tank, is located on the flat roof (photos: 4-10). additional one story in the northeast "L"of the building. The plan is open with a centrally located interior Superior High-Level Bridge in 1917. New elevations and east extensions were designed by Christian, east and west end of the building on the south façade. The west elevation is similar to the south façade.

The Circle Historic District (a Cleveland Landmark) remains an equal mix of residential and commercial courtyard. The interior structure is wood post and steel-beam construction, with skylights and a clerestory on faces Detroit Avenue, it is 44' high and carries 16 bays along Detroit Avenue. There are two entrances at the NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number towards Vermont Avenue. The plan for these first two phases was designed by local architect Gustave B. The last two phases of construction were managed by the architectural firm of Christian, Schwarzenberg and Gaede Company. Phase three of the building occurred in 1917.

The change in the structure occurred in response to the construction of the nearby bridge to the north. The construction of the Detroit-Superior in changes to the building. The widening of Detroit removed 34' of the existing southernmost face of the was constructed to the east along Detroit, sharing a common face. The last substantial phase of additions depth of 93'. Little of the original structure's exterior designed by Bohm remains, only a portion of the west wall (photo:3). The entrance to the lower level of the Detroit-Superior Bridge was directly in front of the building, explaining the width of the street at this point.

Streetcars utilized this entrance from 1917-1955, it has since been closed and covered Significant architectural features can be identified as the central courtyard (photos: 17-19), the stone accents at the parapet and the extensive use of fenestration, monitor windows and skylights. The existing conditions of the building are good. The exterior brick demonstrates the usual sign of air pollution. The existing wood and industrial steel sash windows demonstrate neglect. The skylights display deterioration while the majority of the monitor windows are in good condition, minus the overuse of tar.(photos:26-32) In general the building is of a simple design and lacks architectural details. red wire-cut brick with minimal sandstone accents.

The sandstone seems like a rare feature but it has been painted at the entrances and elsewhere, perhaps because of spalling of what is traditionally a soft stone. The face bricks appear to be hard-fired pressed bricks and have thin mortar joints. The buff brick wraps around the west and east sides about 1 ft. from the front elevation, and the window openings have segmental arches instead of flat metal lintels. The west, east and south elevations are faced with common brick and windows have segmental arched. Some of these windows have been replaced with modern aluminum units. Bohm. 0018 The secondary building is a 4-story masonry bearing structure that has a frontage along Vermont Ave. of (8-86) about 52 ft. and extends south about 38 ft.

The building has one principal elevation that is faced with dark structure in effect the remaining surface of the structure fronting Detroit was refaced and an addition of 118" Bridge in the 1910s, required the widening of Detroit Avenue in front of the Federal Knitting Mills, resulting transpired in 1921,when Federal Knitting Mill enlarged the complex to 93' along Vermont Avenue with a The 115,672-square-foot primary building was constructed in four phases.The westernmost portion OMB Approval No. 1024- Page (approximately the first four bays) measuring 70' along Detroit by 192' along West 29th, was constructed in 1910.In 1915, an additional 4 bays was constructed to the east along Detroit, spanning a depth of 114' NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 'ise up the height of the building to a low broadly stepped parapet with the name of the building painted o it. The piers rise up to form a vaguely classical entablature atop the fourth floor. The entrance is at the west double-hung six-over-six wood sash. The west side of the secondary building is faced with common bricks that are weathered a natural brick color. It and the east side are similar, almost plain blank brick walls, with only a few small windows on each side. These windows have historic metal frames with panes of wire-glass.

The south elevation has a series of broad windows that are grouped in clusters, broadly separated by projecting brick piers and with segmental arched tops. Although the window openings have concrete block infills on the south side, the original metal factory-type sash still exist behind many openings. main floors above. The plan of the secondary building consists of a large open space on each floor, with heavy timber flooring, square wood columns, solid heavy wood beams and exposed planking of the wood floors above for ceilings. at the northwest corner, a restroom near the center and a large open freight elevator near the southwest corner. The first floor has a one-story addition at the south side. is missing from the city's files.

In 1931, the primary and secondary buildings, which were both owned by Federal Knitting Mills, were connected and remodeled from plans by Christian, Swartzenberg and Gaede Company. The buildings remained connected through 1937, however the connection was removed sometime prior to 1952 and they remain unconnected today. Changes over the years to the secondary building consist openings have not been enlarged, but only blocked in to eliminate them or make them smaller. 0018 (8-86) Page It is a simple, massive open structural system and largely unaltered.

At the west side of each floor is a stair largely of changes to the windows.About half the original windows remain and the original masonry The secondary building was erected in1912.The architect is unknown because the original building permit The secondary building has a raised basement with square windows spaced evenly and lining up with the The front elevation of the secondary building is distinguished by broadly spaced projecting brick piers that end in front, at the base of a stairway that has pairs of windows on ach floor. Windows are grouped in pairs cluster of four windows on each floor. The windows on the raised basement, first and second floors are bricked in, with some newer smaller sash present. The third and fourth floors have their original wood Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase, Cuyahoga County, OH 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (Mark "X in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property (Enter categories from instructions) for National Register listing) XA Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad - B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. - C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant Period of Significance and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. -D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history.

1910, 1917, 1931, 1937 - A owned by a religious institution or used for Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) - B removed from its original location. - C a birthplace or a grave. Cultural Affiliation - D a cemetery. - E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. - F a commemorative property. -G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Gustave B. Bohm; Christian, Schwartzenberg & Gaede Co 1910-1937 Property is: INDUSTRY patterns of our history. Significant Dates Architect/Builder Criteria Considerations religious purposes. (Mark "X" in all the boxes that apply.) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Statement of Significance The Federal Knitting Mills at 2882 Detroit Avenue and 2811-21 Vermont Ave. in Cleveland, Ohio is frame wing from 1931 through 1937. The most significant alterations occur at the first and second floor walls. The primary building has been renovated into loft-type apartments, with numerous newer partitions. The complex is located in the northernmost portion of the Cleveland Landmarks Franklin Circle Historic District and adjacent to the Ohio City Historic District (NR 1974 & 1989).

The Federal Knitting Mills is located in a predominantly residential neighborhood, although commercial buildings once lined Detroit exceptional example of the commercial buildings that remain along Detroit. It is a three-story brick building in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. Most of the commercial activity nearby is limited to a few storefronts in small frame buildings. The Garment Industry in Cleveland The garment industry in Cleveland started as early as 1860 and reached its peak during the 1920s. The garment industry was stimulated by the need of sailors, slaves and miners and increasing mechanization. The increase in the development was aided by systems for sizing men and boys' clothing that was based on made clothing, men found manufactured clothing an alternative to custom-made clothing.

The ready-to-wear industry coincided with the tremendous urbanization in industrial cities like Cleveland and the wave of immigrants that came into the country at the turn of the century. University Press and Western Reserve Historical Society. 1996. p.459 3 Van Tassel. p.459 (8-86) 0018 openings. The interior of the buildings maintained the warehouse open plan, with minimal interior partition Page window openings, where they have been blocked in with glass and cement block.

The secondary building Federal Knitting Mills Company occupied the primary building from 1910 to 1937 and the secondary There have been a few minor changes to the complex since the 1917 addition, including an attached garage, significant under criterion A as "one of the largest companies in its field west of New York"l contributing to building from 1931 to1937.It eventually closed as a result of heavy union activities that occurred in 1937. measurements obtained during the Civil War.The Depression of 1873 contributed to the growth of ready- has had its windows filled in with masonry but original double-hung wood sash remain in place at many Cleveland's garment industry. Cleveland ranked fourth among American cities in garment productions approaching New York as one of the country's leading centers for garment production in the 1920s? The 2 Van Tassel, David and Grabowski, John, editors.

The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Bloomington: Indiana delivery access and replacement aluminum door systems. The buildings were connected with a one-story 1 "Federal Knit Vote is for Dissolution, $10 First Dividend", Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 7, 1937 OMB Approval No. 1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number The first wave of entrepreneurs of the garment industry in Cleveland were mainly of German and Austro- Hungarian descent. The system evolved from home sewers to factory production. The garment manufactures started in the Flats, but by the 20*h century it was concentrated in the Warehouse District. The garment E.5sth and Broadway was organized in the 1870s. The Richman Brothers Company, located at 1600 E.

55th Cleveland's garment industry had a long history and a diverse ethnic pattern among its workers. The Jewish community had a great impact on the garment industry in Cleveland as summarized by Sidney Vincent and significant, Jewish-owned clothing manufacturers. According to the obituaries of the Federal Knitting Mills' long-term officials Herbert Goldberg (who later changed his name to Goulder) and Louis Seligman (who The Richmond Brothers Company, manufacturers of men's suits, furnishings and hats, started their business in Portsmouth, Ohio and moved to Cleveland in 1879. The company was the first clothier to open retail outlets selling factory-produced men's clothing directly to customers. In 1969 the company was sold to the F. W. Woolworth Co. of New York. Its building at E. 5st* St. is currently abandoned.

Moritz Printz, a native of Austria who came to Cleveland to work for his brother-in-law David Black, company. It grossed $100,000 during its first year of production. The firm merged with H. Black & Co. in Building, 1900 Superior Ave. (NROHP, 2002) Reserve Historical Society, 1978, p. 133 Gartner, Lloyd P., History of the Jews of Cleveland. Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1978, p. 67. ® Gartner, p. 69 0018 (8-86) Page Jewish is unknown. founded the Printz-Biederman Company. Black moved his company to New York in 1894. Printz, is sons later changed his name to Selden)were Jewish.Whether the company employees were predominantly houses in the clothing industry, all of them Jewish.These firms for the next three decades made Cleveland a 7 Gartner, p. 74.

industry spread to other areas in the city, the Cleveland Worsted Mills (NROHP, 1985,demolished) near Jewish, but so was a considerable proportion of the labor."The Federal Knitting Mills was one of these St.,was one of the largest clothing chains in the nation during the1950s.Other large firms included the L. NPS Form 10-900-a 1922.The H. Black & Co., a major manufacturer of women's suits and cloaks, occupied the Tower Press rival of New York". Cleveland's foremost industries. Not only were the entrepreneurs in the booming industry predominantly Alexander and Michael, and son-in-law Joseph Biederman, established a partnership that formed the N. Gross Company, Joseph & Feiss Company, Printz-Biederman Company and the Federal Knitting Mills. figured prominently among both their makers and their sellers." Not only was the sale of clothing Jewish, 4 Vincent, Sidney, and Judah Rubenstein.

Merging Traditions: Jewish Life in Cleveland. Cleveland: Western By the post-Civil War era,"Cleveland's new masses required garments, and Jews United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number building has been rehabilitated into apartments. Gross was a pioneer in the manufacturing process, the first to employ assembly line production. The company eventually closed and its building at 425 Lakeside Ave. has been renovated into offices. was unionized in March 1934 when the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America organized 1,800 workers after a brief strike. The union and management negotiated a 10% wage increase of the workers. Hugo Boss AG acquired the firm in 1980 and by 1995 the company had 800 workers in the area.

In 2004 its plant was being partially demolished, with plans to convert the rest into housing. The garment industry prospered during World War I, as did union activities. The first trade union for garment workers, the International Ladies Garment Workers Union, was formed in 1900 in New York City. Assisted and encouraged by the ILGWU, employees of the H. Black Co. (Wooltex -The Tower Press Bldg.) of Cleveland, went on strike in early 1911 and failed. On June 6,1911, 1,000 workers at H. Black & Co. walked out in a dispute regarding wages and working conditions. A total of 4,000 workers took to the streets to picket for improved working conditions in their factories.

The workers demands included a 50-hour work week, with Saturday afternoons and Sundays off, no charge for use of the machines and materials, and closed international union could no longer afford to financially support the strikers. The strikes cost the union more occurred in 1918. This dispute, was resolved quickly due to the early intervention of Newton D. Baker, secretary of war and former Cleveland mayor. The strike resulted in better conditions for factory workers, including improved working conditions, provided services for workers such as cafeterias, clinics and nurseries, in addition to the encouragement for workers to participate in extra curriculum activities such as founded by Joseph Turner in 1878 and later reorganized in 1902 was one of the largest worsted mills in the country.

Located on Broadway Avenue, the Cleveland plant was closed in 1956 after a bitter strike over 0018 (8-86) Page union Cleveland Worsted Mills Company also witnessed strong union activity. Cleveland Worsted Mill Company, 1907 at 82 Superior St. and moved several times before their W. 53rd St. plant was completed. The company than $300,000 and were called off in October 1911 without gaining any concessions. A second strike This is an outstanding building, designed by Robert Kohn in a Spanish Colonial Revival Style.The 8 Van Tassel, The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p. 462. manufacturers continued to be challenged by unions. The L.N. Gross Co.was founded in 1900,specializing in the production of women's shirtwaists.L. N. OMB Approval No.

1024- NPS Form 10-900-a Joseph & Feiss Co., an important part of Cleveland's garment industry, set up a wholesale clothing store in sports and theatrical activities. The industry continued to meet challenges with the work force, and company was known for manufacturing Wooltex coats and suits. The firm closed in 1978 and recently its OMB Approval No. 1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Page of 1956 and led to liquidation of the 77 year old firm. A fire destroyed the Worsted Mills complex on July 4, History of the Federal Knitting Mills Company partner. The company, employing 75 people, was first located at a rented 10,000 square foot loft at 600 pieces of knitwear were produced each week. many knitted novelties.

It also exported knitted lace for Spanish shawls that was sold to tourists in Manila. The products were wholesaled to jobbers (middleman) and through its own agency in New York City that The Federal Knitting Mills continued to flourish during the Great Depression, expanding its facilities by acquiring in 1931 the adjacent facility of Loeblein & Dietzel Company. The Loeblein & Dietzel Company was a furniture manufacturing company started in the 1880s and located at 709 Long St. before this building was completed for their use in 1912. The company was purchased by Franklin Furniture Company in the early 1930s and this facility was discontinued by May 1931. Federal Knitting Mills took out a permit in 1931 to construct a connecting link between the two buildings and renovate the secondary structure. Plans were furnished by Christian, Swartzenberg & Gaede Co.

Sales at Federal Knitting Mills large two-building facility reached a peak of $2,782,418 in 1932. That year the company had the best record of all issues listed in the Cleveland Stock Exchange. Production records the plant was the site of union activities that were extensively covered in the newspapers. Unionization led to strikes, which featured "bitter rivalry" and a jurisdictional dispute between unions. ILGWU (International Ladies Garment Workers Union) members at the plant went on strike, claiming management of the mill tried had agreed on a contract with Federal Knitting Mills before it even had a single member in the plant. At one and police escorted workers into the plant. 0018 (8-86) Huron Road. Around 1910 the company relocated and became the sole occupant of a building at West 29th had worldwide distribution.

The company customers included well-known department stores and mail order houses including Marshall Field, Sears Roebuck, Montgomery Ward and Carson Pirie Scott. Federal Knitting Mills made sweaters, bathing suits, caps, dresses, shawls, scarves, knitted headwear and point, the ILGWU, a CIO (Committee for Industrial Organization) affiliate, picketed the plant, and the AFL to block their organization campaign by inviting AFL (American Federation of Labor) organizers. The AFL recognition. The strike of Textile Workers Union of America ran from August 22nd of 1955 to January 18th The Federal Knitting Mills company was established in Cleveland in 1905 by Herbert G. (Goldberger) 1993.With this loss, Federal Knitting Mills stands as a symbol of the knitting industry and the unionization and Detroit. The firm was incorporated in 1926 and by 1928, the firm employed 650 people.

Over 100,000 that prompted the shift of this industry out of the Cleveland economy. were set in 1934 and bonuses continued tobe given out as late as December1936.In the summer of1937, NPS Form 10-900-a NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number The strike involved several locally notable names including Eliot Ness, who was safety director in Cleveland The strike also brought to town such visitors as Rose Pesotta, International Vice President of the ILGWU (who was arrested at least once) and Heywood Brown of New York, president of the American Newspaper Guild. In Rose Pessota's book, Bread Upon the Waters, she records some of the events of the strike.

The strikes in Cleveland involved four of the ready-wear factories, in addition to strikes occurring with Republic Steel, the Industrial Rayon and Cleveland Worsted Mills. The picketers guarded all eight entries, and were hearings with three of the four plants; the Federal Knitting Mills, Stone Knitting Mills, and Bamberger- Reinthal. Attorney Corrigan made a case for the ILGW, based on two pertinent clauses in the Wagner Act: concerted activities, for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection." "Section 8: It shall be an unfair labor practice for an employer - (1) To interfere with, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed in Section 7. (2) To dominate or interfere with the formation or administration of any labor organization...

by the National Labor Relations Board, picketing continued due to the unions' jurisdictional dispute. "unfavorable competitive position." 1937 was the first year ever that the company had lost money, though it -remained in strong financial condition. A decision was made in December, 1937, to liquidate the company over the next few years. One of the reasons for this action was a result of the union activities in conjunction with the growing tendency by jobbers(middlemen) to furnish yard and finance the purchase of machinery for Little is known of the 1910 architect, Gustave B Bohm. He was born in Cleveland around 1874 and educated in Cleveland's public schools. He attended Columbia University and was listed in Cleveland City Directories as an architect from 1901-1932 and died on April 15, 1934.

The architects of the later additions and connecting link, Christian, Schwarzenberg and Gaede Company, designed the L.N. Gross Building (NR, the first cast-in-place concrete slab plate system structures to be built within the Warehouse District and 0018 (8-86) Page possibly Cleveland. the manufacture of knit goods by contractors at prices below those that manufacturers could make the goods In November of 1937, the Federal Knitting Mills company management said that it had been placed in an and sell them to the jobbers.These"sweat shop"methods made competition difficult. 1981).The L. N. Gross Company was established in 1898,specializing in women's shirtwaists. The design for the L.N. Gross Building by engineers Christian, Schwarzenberg and Gaede, was constructed using one of at the time, and Beryl Peppercorn,"one of the city's most influential labor leaders." OMB Approval No.

1024- harassed by both the legal authorities and by the AFL. On July 15, the Regional Labor Board began its Even after Federal Knitting Mills workers chose the ILGWU as their union, in August, 1937, vote supervised "Section 7: Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024- United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Page The garment industry in Cleveland began with the Cleveland Worsted Mills in the 1870s, joined by the Richmond Brothers in 1890s, the Printz-Biederman Company in 1893, and the Federal Knitting Mills in stand as a symbol of the knitting industry and the unionization that aided in the shift of the industry out of the Mills, permanently damaged the industry. The garment industry had a significant impact on Cleveland's War II in Cleveland was a direct result of a national trend. Unionization and the National Labor Relations Act also played an important role in the decline of the industry in Cleveland.

The building continued to be utilized by garment companies for years after the liquidations of the Federal located there through the 1940s. The S. Weitz and Company, cloth manufacturers, occupied the building from 1940-1956; their printed sign is still visible on the building. The Barton Knitting Mills occupied the building through the 1950s-60s. From the 1950s to the 1990s, smaller and varied businesses occupied the building, including the Deltronix Corporation and the Glasier Casket Company, both of the 1960s-90s. The Platzner Knitting Mills occupied the east building from the mid-1940s to the early 1950s. Eugene Platzner the Federal Knitting Mills. The Platzner Knitting Mills presumably went out of business in the 1950s. Later tenants of the east building included the Ajax Paper tube Company in the 1950s and the mail department of the Printing company of America in the 1960s.

Several small companies occupied the east building in the 1970s and in the 1980s and 1990s this building was vacant. 0018 (8-86) manufacturing. Knitting Mills. The Gottfried Company (Marie Dressler and Mynette dresses), a dress manufacturer was headed this firm that was founded in 1938 and earlier located at 1328 W. 78th St. Platzner was formerly with The union activities that occurred in the garment industry, especially in the case of the Federal Knitting The building is a Commercial Style building with Neoclassical elements. The building housed facilities for 1910 and many others.With the loss of the Cleveland Worsted Mills in 1993, the Federal Knitting Mills Cleveland economy. The simple commercial design of the Federal Knitting Mills buildings demonstrates the he production of garments in addition to offices, sales and shipping areas.

An unusual feature was the large economy at the turn of the century. The change in the garment industry and the market place after World furnishings. The Federal Knitting Mills thrived for twenty-seven years as a major economic force in the garment industry. Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase, Cuyahoga County, OH 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) O recorded by Historic American Engineering Record - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 Primary location of additional data CFR 67) has been requested XK State Historic Preservation Office - previously listed in the National Register - previously determined eligible by the National - Other State agency - Federal agency - designated a National Historic Landmark - Local government - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey - University - Other Name of repository: 10. Geographical Data UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) Zone 17 Easting 441670 Northing 4590220 - See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description Ave. to W.

29t" St., the point of beginning. Boundary Justification buildings are on the nominated property. A review of the surrounding properties and historical research did not reveal any buildings that had been associated with Federal Knitting Mills. 11. Form Prepared By telephone (440) 899-1200 city or town _ state_Ohio_ zip code44145 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Representative black and white photographs of the property. Additional items (Check with the SHPOor FPO for any additional items) (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) Metro Lofts LLC c/o Mr. James Sosan, Charge Development street & number P. O.

Box 203 .telephone440-546-3760 city or town Twinsburg aperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Register Bibliography Maps Westlake Property Owner Photographs Acreage of Property_ 1 acre street & number 31156 Detroit Rd A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of The nominated property contains the two buildings associated with the Federal Knitting Mills during its Period of Significance.

No other name/title Diana Kulka Wellman, Steven McQuillin (revisions and expansion) date_September 2000, May 2004 Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Atlas of Cleveland, Ohio, G.M. Hopkins, 1881. Cleveland City Directories, various editions, 1905-1966. Criss Cross Cleveland City and Suburban Directories, Haines and Company, various editions, 1976-1986. Gartner, Lloyd P., History of the Jews of Cleveland. Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1978. Pesotta, Rose. Bread Upon the Waters. Ithica: New York ILR Press and Cornell University State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, 1987.

Van Tassel, David and Grabowski, John editors. The Dictionary of Cleveland Biography. Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1996. Van Tassel, David and Grabowski, John editors. The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press and Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1996. The Critic and Amusement Gazette, December 1895 "A.F.L.,Knit Coercion Denied", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 17, 1937. "Denies Union Row in Textile Strike", Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 13, 1937. "Escort Crew to Knit Plant", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 30, 1937. December 5, 1938, p. 8 "Fashion Labels May Sound British but Dresses Are Made Right Here", Cleveland Press, September 11, 1969. Books Newspapers Page Bibliography (8-86) Journals "Admits A.F.L. Had agreement in Plant Before First Sign-up", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 16, 1937.

"Rapidly Growing Platzner Knitting Mills Tribute to Founder's Confidence in City", The Cleveland Press, "Furniture Firms Unite", Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 19, 1931, p. 6 OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio "Federal Knit Vote is for Dissolution, S10 First Dividend", Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 7, 1937. "Move to Settle Knit Dispute Seen", Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 8, 1937. Dealer, November 8, 1929. "Rites Tomorrow for Gustave B. Bohm", Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 16, 1934. Page (8-86) "Giant Industry Here Founded by 3 Young Men", clipping unidentified, March 18, 1927. "Ohio Securities on Cleveland Exchange, No.

13 Federal Knitting Mills, A Steady Earner", Cleveland Plain "Goulder, Herbert", clipping unidentified, January 3, 1933. Section number "Gottfried Builds New Dress Plant", Cleveland Press, September 23, 1957. "Police seize 75 Pickets at Knitting Mill", Cleveland Press, July 28, 1937. "Pickets Sue Ness in Knitting Strike", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 14, 1937. "Scouts Theory of More Knit Mil Closings", Cleveland Press, November 22, 1937. "Scouts Theory of More Knit Closings", Cleveland Press, November 12, 1937. "Says Contract made before Union Formed", Cleveland Press, July 15, 1937. "Federal Knitting Acts to Liquidate", Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 22, 1937. "Hearing Set in Picketing Suit", Cleveland Press, July 14, 1937. "I.L.G.W.U. Hits at 'Vicious' Combine, Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 31, 1937. "NLRB Orders Union Vote in 3 Knit Mills", Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 9, 1937.

NPS Form 10-900-a "Merger of 3 Dress Firms is Disclosed", Cleveland Pain Dealer, August 15, 1961. "Gustave B. Bohm Dies", Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 16, 1934. OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number "Singing West Side Pickets Will Face Court Today", Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 24, 1937. "Strikers Seek to Halt Police", Cleveland Press, July 13, 1937. "Vote Today at 3 Knitting Plants", Cleveland Plain August 16, 1937. WPA Newspaper Index, volumes for years 1933-1938. Cleveland Press Photograph Collection, Cleveland State University. Ohio Historic Inventory form, Eric Johannesen, 1976. TRW-REDI Real Estate Data, 1994. Cleveland Building Permit No. 14302E, October 27, 1931.

Other (8-86) "23 Years' Progress For Knitting Firm", clipping unidentified, December 7, 1928. Cuyahoga County Maps. Sanborn Insurance Maps, various editions, 1886- updated 1990. Hopkins Plat Books, various editions, 1922-1937. "Strikers Beat Mother, Girl", Cleveland Press, July 29, 1937. Index of Building Permits, Building Department, Cleveland City Hall. Maps and Photographs "Tiny Knitting Firm of 1905 Now Hires 600", clipping unidentified, May 17, 1928. NPS Form 10-900-a Page_ NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number Verbal Boundary Description The Federal Knitting Mills is located on Detroit Avenue at the West 28' block, between West 28'h Street and southeast corner of the property at 2820 Detroit Ave., then the boundary moves north for 162.70', follows Boundary Justification period of significance. A review of the adjacent properties, as well as those on the south side of Detroit Avenue, completed by Survey Title Agency, file no. ST-3757A, April 27, 1998. Steven McQuillin, photographer photographs taken January 2005 photo negatives at photographer's collection 1. distant view of the front, looking northwest, showing Loeblein-Dietzel portion at right 2. western section, looking northwest 5.

distant view of the complex, looking southwest 6. east and north elevations of Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking southwest 8. closeup view of the entrance to Loeblein-Dietzel portion 9. south elevation of Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking north 10. stairs of Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking northwest 11. first floor of Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking southeast 12. second floor of Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking northeast (8-86) The following information is the same for all photographs: the point of beginning. Loeblein-Dietzel portion, looking northwest from W. 28th St. Photographic Documentation The verbal boundary contains the properties historically associated with the Federal Knitting Mills during the Federal Knitting Mills north elevation located on Vermont Avenue. The boundary follows Detroit Avenue from W. 29th St. east to the West 29th Street, Detroit Ave. and Vermont Ave.

The primary building faces south on Detroit Avenue, with the has not revealed any associations with the Federal Knitting Mills. The boundary is based on a land survey, Page_ Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio 10-11 Vermont Avenue westward for 380' until reaching W. 29th St., then follows 29th Street for 158.90' southward, to NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places - Federal Knitting Mills Boundary Increase Continuation Sheet Section number (8-86) Page Cuyahoga County, OH ERMONT HOREWAY LOT PARKING NORTH UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET DATE OF PENDING LIST: REASONS FOR REVIEW: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: REQUEST: N SLR DRAFT: N COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N TELEPHONE DATE RETURN 1/26/06 MULTIPLE 2/03/06 1/11/06 PROPERTY REVIEWER 12/21/05 DISCIPLINE NATIONAL: NAME: ACCEPT PERIOD: RECOM./CRITERIA If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the SAMPLE: OTHER: DATE RECEIVED: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 45TH DAY: Bntered n the REQUESTED ACTION: STATE & COUNTY: nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPS.

REJECT NOMINATION APPEAL: Federal Knitting Mills (Boundary Increase) PDIL: OHIO, Cuyahoga LESS THAN 5O YEARS: OVERCOATS TOPCOATS 1-05 Cuyahega County, Ohio © 1-05 Cuyahoga Caunty, Ohio HOME OF Parts Supply Co. PH. 696-0099 U.P.S Appliance 1-D5 Cuyahoga Caunty, Ohio' HOME OF Appliance parts Supply Co D.RS. 1-05 Cuyahcga County, Ohio Ox Key3ank 216-828-9089 Lending Community Development 1-05 Cuyahega (aunty, Ohio 1-05 Cuyahega Cainy, Ohio tion Co. The 650 0 1994 OHIO-CUYAHOGA CO. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CLEVELAND SOUTH QUADRANGLE CLEVELAND SOUTH, OH - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 17-441670 - 4590220 7.5-MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) USGS SCALE 1:24 000