Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 Primary location of additional data CFR 67) has been requested XX State Historic Preservation Office -previously listed in the National Register - Other State agency - previously determined eligible by the National - Federal agency - Local government - designated a National Historic Landmark - University - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey - Other - recorded by Historic American Engineering Record 1884-1930 Bibliography Register distinction. Education Criteria Considerations Property is: Applicable National Register Criteria Architect/Builder Cultural Affiliation Significant Dates Period of Significance religious purposes.
Name of repository: construction or represents the work of a Brownell School & Annex NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 7 Brownell School is eligible for the National Register under Criterion A for education. The school represents the era when much of the downtown east and south of the public square was residential. It is the last remaining school building in the downtown district. It is significant for its role in the educational history of Cleveland, particularly that of educating immigrant students, and pioneering new educational theories.
Brownell School Within Context of Cleveland Public School History, 1807-1930 The early pioneers in the settlement of Cleveland established a school in Lorenzo Carter's cabin in 1803. By 1817 a small wooden structure was constructed for the purposes of educating the children of the village and the village trustees reimbursed the citizens who had funded the construction. This first school was located on St. Clair Street. Four years later Carter along with fellow citizens constructed the first secondary school, known as the Cleveland Academy, near Public Square. Despite these early public efforts for several decades education was largely viewed as a private matter with parents who could afford it employing teachers to educate their children.
Cleveland was incorporated in 1836 and the new city's leadership quickly moved to establish a public school system with a board of school managers to oversee them. The following year a separate school for boys and girls was built in each of the city's wards. In 1841 Charles Bradburn, who eventually became known as the father of the Cleveland Schools, was appointed to the board of school managers. Beginning in 1844 he pushed for the establishment of Cleveland's first public high school. Central High School (for boys only) was opened in 1846 in the basement of a Universalist Church. The new city high school was Cleveland: A Tradition of Reform, p. 139) Throughout the 1850s legislation in Ohio was passed to streamline and standardize public education. As a result Cleveland created a board of education and built a new building for Central High School on Euclid Avenue in 1856.
Brownell School Statement of Significance "the first public secondary school west of the Alleghenies."(Van Tassel and Grabowski, NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Brownell School Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 8 As Cleveland grew outward from its early boundaries, as well as annexing neighboring villages in the mid 1800s, the need to construct more school buildings arose to accommodate an ever growing student population. With the city boundaries expanding more and more schools were built away from the city's central core. Even the new Central High School, built in 1876, was located on E. 55'* Street, quite a distance from Public Square.
Despite the relocation of school buildings into more outlying areas, Brownell School was an important quarter of all the school children in Cleveland to classes. It was the 'uptown' school, situated in the heart of a residential neighborhood." (Plain Dealer, 2/9/1930) The post Civil War era in Cleveland saw continued efforts at standardizing the city's educational system. New curricula were also added that expanded the teaching of basic academics in high school to include manual training, sciences, business, and even a cooking course. Additionally, particular emphasis, encouraged by social reformers, was placed on the school system to promote moral character, honesty, industry, and thrift.
In a city like Cleveland, that was experiencing high influxes of foreign immigrants to work in the factories, the school system was also viewed as an important means of Americanizing and assimilating the children of different nationalities. had been the assimilation of foreign-born immigrants into American Society... In 1835, Calvin Stowe, one of the most influential leaders of Ohio's public school movement, told teachers that it was essential for America's national strength that the foreigners who settled on our soil should cease to be Europeans and become Americans..." (Van Tassell & Grabowski, Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p. 28) The concept of "Americanization" was to teach foreign immigrants to be good citizens and productive members of the workforce. The role of public schools in Americanizing foreign students continued to be debated into the early 20 century.
A 1916 Education Survey, sponsored by the Cleveland Foundation, devoted a great deal of attention to the need for improving the education of immigrants. From 1890 to 1920 Cleveland's population exploded including a large number of foreign immigrants. New immigrants "One of the primary objectives of the Cleveland Public Schools since their beginning in 1836 central city school serving a large student body. "Once upon a time the old bell...called a NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 9 when they increased from 43,281 in 1900 to over 115,870 in 1910.
Based upon 1910 Census data, Cleveland's foreign population would constitute by itself a city larger than any other in the state of Ohio, except Cincinnati, and was equaled or surpassed in size by only 28 other cities in the entire country. (Miller, p. 11). The 1910 Census also showed that among the country's cities with the largest foreign populations, Cleveland ranked Cleveland Plain Dealer featured an article in the magazine section of its April 25, 1909 edition with the title "Brownell School, Located in a Vortex of Races, Takes Children of 37 Nationalities and Makes Americans of Them." The article went on to state "The most cosmopolitan school in the world is Brownell school of Cleveland, where 37 races are represented. This fact is brought out in the last report of the United States immigration bureau.
Brownell's nearest rival is a school in a congested district of New York City where children of twenty-five different nationalities are being molded into the standard of American Citizenship.... Italians largely predominate. There are 600 from Italy and Sicily. White races represented in the enrollment of 1456, nearly every one having a language of its own, are Bohemians, Canadian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, German Hebrew, Polish Hebrew, Romanian Hebrew, Russian Hebrew, Hebrews from various other foreign countries and classified as one, Irish, Lithuanian, Magyar, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Scotch, Slovenian, Spanish- American (Mexican), Swedish and Welsh... At various times there have been Japanese and Chinese children at the school, but there is none now...
The district from which Brownell School draws its children extends from Euclid Avenue on the north to Broadway on the south, and those who know the district will see that the school . .is the geographical center of the city's most cosmopolitan district... The constant incoming of immigrant children makes necessary at Brownell and also at Murray who have only recently left the steerage... it is the first duty to impart to the child a working knowledge of the English language and then advance it to the grade where it belongs by reason of its intelligence and previous training.. In 1912 the schools were reorganized into new districts. Brownell School fell within the Central District.
This district was noted as being "under the direction of an assistant Brownell School from southern and eastern Europe began to flood into Cleveland by the early 2o" century, Hill School in"Little Italy"a"steamer"room,to which are assigned temporarily children highest with the largest percentage (31%) of foreigners who could not speak English. The Americans come next with 250, negro Americans third with 80, Slovak fourth with 50. Other NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Brownell School Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number & Page 10 superintendent, whose special duty it is to look after the needs of our new American citizens and the new arrivals from foreign shores." (Frederick, 1912-13, p.
28) Another article written at the time of the demolition of the original portion of the school in 1930 stated "In 1909 Brownell was hailed as the most international school in the world. Less than one-fifth of it pupils were American born... It has probably been one of the greatest Americanizing forces in the city. Forty-two nationalities have passed through its doors, and it The large number of immigrants arriving in Cleveland dropped off beginning in the 1920s, as immigration law in the U.S. instituted strict quotas. That, coupled with the increase in second and third generation immigrant families eventually lessened the need for the school system to Americanize foreign born students.
Newer philosophies for education emerged which included adding sports, social clubs, and music programs that were designed to enhance Progressives and reformers continued to shape education in Cleveland through the early decades of the 20t* Century. The school system was also shaped by the philosophies of each William Elson, believed that schools should be efficient and prepare students for a life that was predominantly industrial. Under his direction the Technical High School was opened in 1908 and specialized programs for younger students were developed in the elementary schools that differentiated them according to social and economic backgrounds. Physical culture was introduced to the Cleveland Public Schools in the 1894-95 school year.
activity of growth, and is placing increasing emphasis upon space, equipment, and instruction within school properties for recreational purposes." (Ayres and Ayres, p. 105) Recreational activities, such as clubs, also gained favor as the new character development. still is distinctly cosmopolitan..."(Cleveland Plain Dealer, 2/9/30). the school child's education. Gymnasiums and playgrounds became essential featuresofa school's facilities."The school of today is beginning to recognize that play is a necessary school superintendent.For example in the first decade of the 2o century the superintendent, From then on physical education increasingly came to be seen as an important component of NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 11 century advanced. Sports, exercise and recreation were viewed as standard elements of a well- rounded education by the 1920s. The 1916 Education Survey surmised that a physically and socially active student was less likely to become involved in gang activity in the after school hours. The study further asserted that recess and the playground were important for instilling social and democratic relationships that could not otherwise take place during school, as the classroom was an autocratic environment. Brownell often served as a pilot school to test the latest program or progressive educational theory.
When the Board of Education mandated that the study of German be introduced to the schools, due to the large number of German speakers, in 1870, Brownell was one of five schools to offer the new curriculum. In the 1890s it was one of the few schools to host the training component of the city's Normal School. Kindergarten was established in the school system in January 1897. Brownell was one of six schools to host the first kindergarten classes. Concern about students not finishing their education resulted in manual training classes. "In 1909 the Elementary Industrial School was opened in Brownell School to solve the problem of 'the premature breadwinner,' the average or non-academically talented boy or girl who would ordinarily drop out in the seventh or eighth grade." (Van Tassel and Grabowski, Cleveland a Tradition of Reform, p.
150) Cleveland introduced the junior high school concept to the school system in 1915. Brownell was converted to a junior high school in 1918. With respect to recreation Brownell School was a leader in this educational philosophy as well. A gymnasium/auditorium addition was added to the first Brownell annex in 1909, which for a time physically joined the annex to the original school building. The new recreational facility also was an amenity to the public, which was reflected in its architecture. "In the Brownell School the hall was very happily placed between two buildings in such a way as to be accessible to both and at the same time quite separate from both. The gymnasium and pool beneath it and the club-room adjoining it can all be shut off from the rest of the building and only two had functioning swimming pools: Brownell and Kennard. None of the high schools had one.
Only about a third of the elementary schools that same year had gymnasiums. Brownell School made directly accessible to the public."(Perry,p.72)Of the103elementary schools in1916 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Brownell School Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 12 Brownell also featured a club room with special furnishings for the comfort of its users. Brownell's dedication to the philosophy of recreational clubs can be seen in the 1924-25 Annual Report of the Superintendent. "Most of our junior high schools have a wide variety of clubs in which pupils take a lively interest and which make a definite contribution to their social life and education.
In Brownell, the downtown junior high school, every pupil is required to belong to a club." (Frederick, p. 36) By 1930, the residential neighborhood that Brownell served had largely disappeared due to commercializing forces, immigration was down due to world events, and educational theories continued to evolve. The oldest building of the Brownell complex was deteriorating and the student population had decreased enough to no longer make it necessary. A Plain Dealer article, about the demise of the original Brownell structure, recognized the significant role that Brownell had played in the educational history of Cleveland. "It has probably been one of the greatest Americanizing forces in the city. Forty-two nationalities have passed through its doors, and it still is distinctly cosmopolitan. Industry has made it so. Now industry is slowly choking it to death.
Garages, factories, stores, gas stations are replacing residences. There it is wedged in between a cemetery and the union labor headquarters, a parking lot across the street - the industrial and commercial city relentlessly closing in. No longer is it 'uptown'." (Plain Dealer, 2/9/1930) Architectural History of Brownell School Clinton Street and later renamed Brownell Street after Cleveland Mayor Abner C. Brownell, who died in 1857). Just a decade later, the school became too small for the population growth in the neighborhood and a new brick school was erected across the street in 1865 and had 1,386 pupils. Brownell Street School followed the tradition of Cleveland Public Schools at the time to be named after the street on which it was located. The initial Brownell School was a frame building on the east side of E.14th St. (originally NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 13 View of the original Brownell School, c. 1876. (Chapman, p.132) The 1870s brought overcrowded conditions to Cleveland's schools, particularly in the downtown neighborhoods. In an effort to accommodate the tremendous student population growth, "relief buildings" were constructed. These generally were of poor quality and meant to be temporary solutions. The first relief building in the school system was constructed in 1871. Brownell had a two-story frame one by 1876. In the President's annual report to the school board for the year 1880 the situation at Brownell was outlined.
"At Brownell, six schools occupy reliefs on the school lot, and two rooms are occupied in a neighborhood the overcrowding situation at Brownell remained dire. "The Brownell School also needs relief and must have it very soon." (Akers, p. 198) In 1883 the Board of Education received special tax money for construction new buildings during a five-year campaign. Among the new school buildings was an annex at Brownell completed for the 1884-85 school year. The Brownell Annex was located across an alley from the main school building and faced Sumner Street and the Erie Street Cemetery. It was designed by Eisenman and Blunt. John Eisenman came to Cleveland in 1882 to teach civil engineering at Case School of Applied Science.
In addition to designing several school buildings, he is credited as the author of Cleveland's first comprehensive buildings code, and contributed to the design Brownell School church.(Akers, p.195) President J. D. Jones² annual report the following year indicated that NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 14 of the Cleveland Arcade. (Van Tassel & Grabowski, Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p. 369). Of the schools that he designed only the Brownell Annex and the Standard Elementary School (now vacant), built 1885, remain. Little is known of William Blunt other than his brief association with Eisenman.
The Sanborn Map from 1886 and the Hopkins Plat Book from 1912 refer to this building as the Sumner Street School, although references to Sumner Street School are difficult to find in city directories and in publications on Cleveland history. The entire complex was known for nearly all of its history as the Brownell School. Cleveland's Normal School opened in 1874 and was housed in the Eagle School. The Normal School eventually branched out into other schools and by the 1891-92 school year the Training Department of the Normal School had four regular schools in the Brownell Building. After the new Marion School building opened in 1895, the Normal School was relocated there. Overcrowding continued to plague Brownell even after the annex was constructed and having the Normal School added further stress.
"The removal of the Normal School to the Marion School building afforded much relief to the Eagle and Brownell School buildings." (Akers, p. 21) A second annex was built in 1903, also facing Sumner Street. It was designed by Frank S. Barnum, was a partner in the firm Coburn & Barnum, until starting his own firm in 1897. In 1895, Barnum was appointed consulting architect for the Cleveland Board of Education. Between 1895 and his retirement in 1915, Barnum's office planned and constructed more than 75 school buildings for the Cleveland Public Schools. Fewer than half remain standing. Among those listed in the National Register are Harvard School (1903, 1908), Doan School (1904), Watterson School (1907) Murray Hill School (1908, 1916) and West Technical High School (1913). Barnum also designed the Caxton Building (NR 1973) in 1903 and the Park Building on Public Square in 1904.
In 1909 a gym/auditorium addition was built, also designed by Barnum, which for the first time connected the 1865 school and the 1884 annex. Brownell School NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 15 Both the 1884 and 1903 buildings are an late 19th century building type with open wooden in Cleveland in 1908. The fire resulted in the deaths of 174 people, most of them children. "Safer construction of school buildings and more rigid fire inspection of schools, theaters and public buildings resulted throughout the nation." (Avery, p. 666) In 1918 the school changed from an elementary to a junior high. In 1930 the original building of the complex was deemed unsafe and demolished.
This newly created open space became a playground area for students. The annex buildings continued to be used as a junior high school until 1958 when it was closed, due to decreasing student population in the nearby neighborhood. The buildings were leased to Cuyahoga Community College in 1963. The newly formed college "experienced the largest first day enrollment of a community History, p. 504) Its growth forced it to relocate to its own new campus farther east in The 1951 Sanborn Map shows that the two annex buildings were joined by a connector. The connector is no longer present leaving the annex buildings independent of each other as they were originally constructed. Brownell as Last Remnant of Residential Era in Downtown Cleveland: When all three buildings that made up Brownell School were constructed, the school was located in the middle of a thriving residential neighborhood.
The village had expanded to the south and east of Public Square during the mid 1800s and by the 1850s "the streets south of Euclid, meanwhile, gradually filled with the homes of tradesmen and artisans." (Miller, 1993) Both the 1851 Clinton Street and then 1865 Brownell school buildings were a result of this expansion. The neighborhood housed a continuous stream of immigrant families often representing numerous nationalities. "Brownell...has mirrored the city's growth from a compact settlement of Western Reserve pioneers to the heterogeneous industrial community of today." (Plain Dealer, 5/19/1951) downtown. Brownell School staircases and classrooms opening from a central lobby area. This building type for schools college in the nation's history ...." (Van Tassel & Grabowski, Encyclopedia of Cleveland NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8 Page 16 This area remained a vibrant neighborhood with educational and religious institutions to serve it, until the population and construction boom of 1890-1930. The need to enhance the commercial capabilities of the city, particularly in the financial, office, and service fields required more and larger buildings. This resulted in the demolition of many blocks of housing to make space and also made property increasingly expensive. This demand overwhelmed the existing residential structure, particularly in the close-in neighborhoods such as that around Brownell School. Reductions in housing stock reduced the enrollment of students at Brownell School.
That combined with the poor condition of the 1865 building caused the school board to determine its fate by wrecking ball in 1930. This further changed the character of the street, minimizing its residential scale and history. The 1993 Historic & Architectural Resources of the Lower Prospect/Huron District of Cleveland MPD identified that, "Few buildings -and not a single church or synagogue- from this period remain, suggesting the intensity with which this section of the city was redeveloped after 1890. Notable survivors include...the stone gateway of the Erie Street Cemetery (1871) on East 9t Street; and the Queen-Anne style Brownell School (1885) on East 14* (formerly Brownell) Street, erected on the site of an earlier school of the same name." Just two blocks south of the bustling Prospect-Erie intersection, Sumner St. reflects the shift from residential to commercial development.
By 1930 all of the houses on the street were gone, having been replaced by two large commercial buildings, and the 1865 Brownell School Street, where Rockefeller had attended school, was the site of a parking lot by 1930. While the neighboring commercial buildings tell the story of the neighborhood's commercial boom, the remaining Brownell School buildings tell the story of the residential history before the boom. The school is the lone remaining building from the era when a large section of Cleveland's downtown was residential. The last few houses that were remaining, one block south on Carnegie Ave., were demolished in the 1980s. (Keiser, 5/6/05) Brownell School building was demolished in that year. Even the original frame school building across E. 14th NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 8,9 Page 17 Although the original 1865 building from the Brownell School complex has been demolished, the remaining two buildings still reflect the important role that the school played in Cleveland's educational history. They were both built during the period when Brownell was pivotal in serving the lower economic class as well as the large immigrant population of the city. The 1884 annex was constructed to meet the needs of the growing neighborhood and the 1903 annex was constructed during the height of the immigrant population boom of Cleveland. Both annexes were a part of the pioneering educational programs that took place at Brownell School.
Further, the 1909 gymnasium added to the first annex expanded the capabilities of the school along with meeting the latest educational theory, that of physical An evaluation of the Ohio Historic Inventory indicates that Brownell School is the last of the historic downtown schools. This assessment was confirmed by the Cleveland Landmarks Commission as well (Keiser, 5/6/05) It is a tangible representative of the residential history of the neighborhood and the early educational history of Cleveland and is a rare example of a late 19th century school building in the city. Akers, William J. Cleveland Schools in the Nineteenth Century. Cleveland: The W.M. Bayne Printing House, 1901. Andrews, Al. Cleveland Plain Dealer, "Old Brownell School Urged as College Site", October 23, 1962. Atlas of Cuyahoga County Ohio, Titus, Simmons, & Titus, Philadelphia, 1874. Ayers, Leonard P. and Ayres, May.
Cleveland Education Survey: School Buildings and Equipment. Cleveland: Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation, 1916. Summary Bibliography education. Brownell School NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 9 Page 18 Ayers, Leonard P. Cleveland Education Survey: The Cleveland School Survey (Summary Volume). Cleveland: Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation, 1917. Becker, Thea Gallo. Images of America: Cleveland 1796-1929, Arcadia Publishing, Chicago, Campbell, Thomas F. and Edward M. Miggins, Editors. The Birth of Modern Cleveland 1865- 1930. Associated University Presses, London and Toronto, 1988. Chapman, Edmund H.
Cleveland: Village to Metropolis - A Case Study of Problems of Urban Development in Nineteenth Century America, The Western Reserve Historical Society and The Press of Western Reserve University, 1964. Cleveland City Directories: 1912-1955. Cleveland Plain Dealer, "Brownell School Expecting 3,000", May 19, 1951. Frederick, J.M.H. Cleveland Public Schools Annual Report of the Superintendent of Schools, Cleveland: Cleveland Board of Education, 1912-1913. Cleveland: Cleveland Board of Education, 1924-25. Hawkins, Larry. Cleveland Plain Dealer, "Brownell Bows to City's Stride", February 9, 1930. Haynes, Rowland and Davies, Stanley. Cleveland Recreation Survey: Public Provision for Recreation. Cleveland: Cleveland Foundation Committee, 1920. Johnson, George E. Cleveland Education Survey: Education Through Recreation. Cleveland: Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation, 1916.
Miller, Carol Poh and Robert Wheeler. Cleveland: A Concise History, 1796-1990. Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1990. Miller, Carol Poh. Historic and Architectural Resources of the Lower Prospect/Huron District of Cleveland, Ohio, National Register Multiple Property Documentation. 1993. 2004. Brownell School Cuyahoga County, Ohio NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Brownell School Cuyahoga County, Ohio Section number 9 Page 19 Miller, Herbert Adolphus. Cleveland Education Survey: The School and the Immigrant. Cleveland: Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation. 1916. Ohio Historic Inventory: CUY-132-1, CUY-3390-1. Payne, WM.
Cleveland Illustrated: A Pictorial Hand-Book of the Forest City, Fairbanks, Benedict & Co., Printers, Cleveland, 1876. Perry, Clarence Arthur. Cleveland Education Survey: Educational Extension. Cleveland: Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation, 1916. Rose, William G. Cleveland the Making of a City, The World Publishing Co., Cleveland & New York, 1950. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps: 1886, 1912, 1951. Van Tassel, David D. and John J. Grabowski, Editors. The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Indiana University Presses, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1987. Van Tassel, David d. and John J. Grabowski, Editors. Cleveland: A Tradition of Reform, The Kent State University Press, 1986. Phone interview with Robert Keiser, Cleveland Landmarks Commission, 5/6/05. Research of Drew Rolik. Plain Dealer."Most Cosmopolitan School in the Nation,"April 25,1909. Brownell School & Annex 10.
Geographical Data Acreage of Property_approximately 1 acre (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) - See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title_Nathalie Wright/Nancy Recchie/historic preservation consultants street & number 593 S. Fifth St. city or town Submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Representative black and white photographs of the property.
(Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average18.1hours per response including the time for and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. 44115 43206 Maps telephone Photographs Cleveland Additional items Continuation Sheets Additional Documentation UTM References Zone Easting Northing Property Owner Brownell Inc Cleveland, Cuyahoga Coußts OH: C organization Benjamin D. Rickey & Co.
_state_OH zip code A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. _ state_OH -zip code - or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; city or town Columbus properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to 1174432304594035 date 8/05 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET by the Cuyahoga County Auditor, Cleveland, Ohio. Verbal Boundary Justification Brownell School buildings included in the nomination. Photographer: Jeffrey Darbee Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. 593 South Fifth Street Columbus, Ohio 43206 March - August, 2005 2.
View of the principal façade (north elevation) of the 1884 Brownell School Annex with the connector to the Gymnasium on the left and the 1903 Annex on the right. 3. View of the principal façade (north elevation) and west elevation of the 1884 5. View of the principal façade (north) and east elevation of the 1909 Gymnasium Annex. The connector and the 1894 Brownell School Annex are visible at the Photos Photographer Date of Brownell School The nominated property encompasses two parcels, #101-38-052 and #101-38-053 as recorded Location of Verbal Boundary Description Brownell School Annex. Annex. right in the photograph.
The above named two parcels include the entire property historically associated with the Cuyahoga County, Ohio Negatives: 6.View of the principal facade (north) and west elevations of the1909 Gymnasium 4.View of the west and south (rear) elevations of the1884 Brownell School Annex. Section number 10, Photos Page 20 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Cuyahoga County, Ohio 7. View of the east and south (rear) elevations of the 1909 Gymnasium Annex. 8. View of the south elevation of the 1909 Gymnasium Annex. 9. View of principal façade (north elevation) of 1903 Annex. 10. View of north and east elevations of 1903 Annex. 11. View of the north and west elevations of the 1903 Annex. 12. View of the west and south (rear) elevations of the 1903 Annex. 13. View of staircase in 1884 Brownell School Annex. 14.
View of former classroom in 1884 Brownell School Annex. 15. View of former gymnasium space in 1909 Gymnasium Annex. 16. View of basement in 1909 Gymnasium Annex. 17. View of boiler in basement of 1909 Gymnasium Annex. 18. View of stairhall in 1903 Annex. 19. View of stairway in 1903 Annex. 20. View of former classroom space in 1903 Annex. Brownell School National Park Service CONTINUATION SHEET Section number photos Page 21 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Cuyahoga County, Ohio Overall view of Brownell Jr. High School Cleveland Press Collection, 1951 Gymnasium Brownell School CONTINUATION SHEET NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Cuyahoga County, Ohio View of 1884 annex (left) and 1903 annex (right) Cleveland Press Collection, 1951 1886 Sanborn Map with 1884 Annex highlighted. Original school building to the right on the corner. STREET CONTINUATION SHEET Brownell School National Park Service Section number historic photos Page 23 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Cuyahoga County, Ohio 1912 Hopkins Map with 1884 (left) and 1903 (middle) Annexes and 1909 Gymnasium (right) highlighted. Original building on far right. ENE CEMERRY 1912 Sanborn Map, updated to 1951, with 1903 Annex (left), 1884 Annex, Brownell School United States Department of the Interior 1909 Gymnasium(right).Original school demolished in 1930.
National Park Service Section number historic maps Page 24 CLEVELND, CUYAHOGA CO., OH 1884 ANNEX 4 Broneon Court 1903 ORIGINAL GYMNASIUM (1865- BUILDING SITE OF SITE 1930 1909 Sumner Avenue EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 16TH DAY: N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N V ACCEPT ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the DATE TELEPHONE PROPERTY RETURN MULTIPLE 1/26/06 REJECT DISCIPLINE 2/03/06 12/21/05 REVIEWER OTHER: RECOM./CRITERIA NATIONAL PARK SERVICE DATE RECEIVED: Brownell School and Annex NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 45TH DAY: DATE OF PENDING LIST: 1/11/06 DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N FOR SALE OR LEASE 440-248-2901 BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL 1300-1360 SUMNER ST.
BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNEZL SCHOOL CLEUECANO, CUTAHOGA CO, OH BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL 1300-1360 SumNEn ST. ADAPTABILITY CAPACITY DURABILITY ND SOOT NO SMOKE BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL BROWNELL SCHOOL 1300-1360 SOMNEN ST. County, State Brownell School and Annex X Photographs (missing #19-20) Ohio Missing Core Documentation USGS Map Nomination Form The following Core Documentation is missing from this entry: Reference Number Property Name Cuyahoga County, 05001576 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CLEVELAND SOUTH QUADRANGLE E 443230 CLEVELAND SOUTH, OHIO 1963 UNITED STATES ROAD CLASSIFICATION GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OHIO-CUYAHOGA CO N 4594035 Building 3 E. 14 Street & Bronson Court BROWNELL, SCHOOL SUMNER AVE. & EAST 14th ST. CUYAHOGA CO., OH CLEVELAND Basement Plan PHASE2-CONSTRUCTION Sumner Avenue Site Plan 12.7' 24.00' SUMNER AVE.
& EAST 14th ST. North Elevation PHASE 2-CONSTRUCTION West Elevation Cieveland BROWNELL SCHOOL CUYA HOGA CO, OH
Block