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10 OMB No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service RECEIVED 2280 AUG 15 2007 National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLÁCES NATIONAL PARK SERVICE This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions.
Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Haverhill Board of Trade Building other names/site number_ Haverhill Building Association 2. Location street & number. 16-18 & 38-42 Walnut Street _ not for publication city or town Haverhill - vicinity state Massachusetts _ code_MA county_Essex code_009 _ zip code 01830 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination - request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60.
In my opinion, the property 1meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant - nationally - statewide -locally. (D See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Brona Sunon August 9, 2007 Signature of certifying official/Title Brona Simon Date Massachusetts Historical Commission, State Historic Preservation Officer State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets - does not meet the National Register criteria. (OSee continuation sheet for additional Comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title State or Federal agency and bureau 4. Natjónal Park Service Certification 1, hergby certify that this property is: Ventered in the National Register - See continuation sheet. - determined eligible for the National Register - See continuation sheet.
- determined not eligible for the National Register - removed from the National Register - other (explain): Date tet. Ball Date of Action 9.28.07 Haverhill Board of Trade Building Name of Property 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) xprivate - public-local - public-State - public-Federal Essex, MA County and State (Check only one box) x building(s) -district - site - structure -object Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing 3 _building _ sites _ structures _ objects Total 3 Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) N/A 6.
Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) INDUSTRY/manufacturing facility Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) COMMERCE/TRADE: specialty store HEALTH CARE: medical business/office Z. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) OTHER/ early 20" century mill Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundation_brick walls brick wood roof other rubber STONE/granite; cast iron Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) NPS Form 10-900a (Rev. 8/86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No. 1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Haverhill Board of Trade Building Haverhill (Essex), MA Section number _1. Page _1_ 7.
NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION The Haverhill Board of Trade Building is an intact example of an early-20"-century industrial building. The load-bearing masonry building, constructed of red brick with buff brick detail, is seven stories tall, set on a low basement and rises to a flat roof. The building sits on the south side of Walnut Street in the middle of the block. U-shaped in plan, the building consists of three structures: Building 1, Building 2 and the Boiler Room. Together the structures frame a central courtyard at the rear, they define the north boundary of the site, and are set back slightly at the east and west borders of an irregularly shaped lot. The Haverhill Board of Trade Building was constructed in two phases. Built in 1906, Building 1, (the east wing) is rectangular in plan running north-south parallel to the east edge of the lot.
Building 2 is L-shaped in plan and joins the northwest corner of Building 1 along Walnut Street. Building 2 was constructed in 1908 and closely matches Building 1. The Boiler Room (Resource 3) was constructed at the same time as Building 2. Building 2 was an expansion of Building 1 and although they were built at different times, they have always been connected and they originally and currently operate as one building. (photo #3) The north elevation of the Board of Trade Building stands flush with the sidewalk along Walnut Street and displays the building's only instances of classical architectural ornament. Two rear wings extend south from the east and west ends of the Walnut Street block. The Walnut Street elevation is 25 bays wide and is defined by two end pavilions framing the center of the block. Building 1 (the east wing) is four bays wide by twenty-seven bays long.
The west wing of Building 2 is 4 bays by 23 bays. The north wing of Building 2 is 4 bays deep and 17 bays long, connecting the east and west wings. A two-story, flat-roofed boiler house occupies the northwest corner of the courtyard formed by Buildings 1 & 2. A two-story vehicular passage located at Bays 5 and 6 of the Walnut Street elevation permits access from Walnut Street to the rear courtyard. The rear courtyard is paved and landscaped with plantings. The grade has been dropped adjacent to the building and paved patios line the building in the courtyard. A service alley runs the full length of the lot's east edge. The lot slopes down slightly from north to south and from east to west resulting in a height difference of approximately ½-story between the north and south elevations and between the east and west elevations.
North Elevation The Walnut Street (north) elevation is defined by two four-bay, buff brick end pavilions framing the red brick center of the block. This entire elevation and three bays on the east and west elevations terminate in a bold galvanized metal cornice. The building's classical ornament is concentrated at the two end pavilions, which project forward of the center block only one wythe of brick. Built of buff brick, each pavilion has three tall bays at grade separated by tall Tuscan cast iron columns. The fourth bay contains a round arched entry framed by a brick dentil molding with a granite keystone. The piers on either side of the entry have an impost band of brick dentil molding topped by a granite cap. The entrance bay projects slightly forward of the façade at the first two stories.
The east pavilion had been altered at the first story with most of this ornament covered or removed, and much of the west pavilion remained intact. The first three bays of the east pavilion had been replaced by a modern storefront. In the fourth bay, the brick arch had been filled in and the granite trim and keystone removed leaving only a rectangular entry. With the rehabilitation completed in 2007, much of the east storefront and the round-arched entrance have been rebuilt. Other detail on the façade includes a third story sillcourse consisting of a brick dentil course and a rock-faced granite sill, and a copper cornice with egg and dart molding above the fifth story. At the top two stories, the center bays are slightly recessed and above the seventh story, a modillion (continued) NPS Form 10-900a (Rev. 8/86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No.
1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number_7 Page Haverhill Board of Trade Building Haverhill (Essex), MA cornice projects forward of the main cornice over the two end bays. The projecting modillion cornice continues around to the first three bays on the east and west elevations. (photo #1) Typical window openings in the pavilions have granite sills and cast iron lintels enriched with metal florets. At stories 3-5, the inside bay (defining the stair) has a brick lintel with a granite keystone. The openings at the inside bay of each pavilion are also narrower than the remaining bays, which are particularly wide. The center 4/4 double hung sashes and the side 8-light single sashes at the basement of the west pavilion appeared to be original and were reproduced in both storefronts.
The first-story storefront windows and the remaining first story windows of both pavilions had been replaced or infilled. They are now rebuilt in wood to match the historic drawing and physical evidence. At the upper stories, windows were originally wide 8/2 windows in most openings, and paired 4/1 windows at the sixth and seventh stories. The windows have been replaced with aluminum windows to match the originals as closely as possible based on drawings and the physical evidence. Other features on this façade include a granite and buff brick denticulated cornice above the second story spanning between the two pavilions along this façade and a buff brick pilaster framing two bays at the first two stories adjacent to each end pavilion. A rock faced granite sign with incised block letters spelling "HAVERHILL BUILDING ASSOCIATION" is centered above the fourth story.
All of the second story windows have granite sills and cast iron lintels enriched with florets. Otherwise, window openings in the center of the façade have segmental brick arches and granite sills. The window openings in the center of the façade contained 6/6 double- hung wood sashes, which have been replaced with aluminum windows to match the originals. Pedestrian entrances appear at Bays 3, 4, 9, and 21, 22, and 23. No original doors remained and several of the openings had been infilled. A vehicular passage occupies the first two stories of Bays 5 and 6, above which is the wood-frame connection between the two separate buildings. The entrances have been rebuilt in wood with new wood doors that follow the design of the original but have been modified to meet code for life safety.
For example, double doors that were shown in the original drawing for the entries at Bays 4 and 22 now contain a single door with sidelights. However, the proportions of the glazing and lower panels match Damon's drawing. The entrance at Bay 22 is set in the original round arched opening with a restored fanlight. Similarly, a recessed door in Bay 21 has been reinstalled with a code compliant door, so the wood paneled sidelight was rebuilt slightly narrower than the original. Within the vehicular passage at bays 5 & 6, the west wall is divided into four bays, consisting of typical segmental arched openings with granite sills at the basement and first story. The west wall has a door at grade and a window set off-center at the first story. Basement windows are typically half- height with segmental brick arches and granite sills.
East, South and West Elevations The secondary elevations of the building are all similar. They are built of red brick with segmental brick arches and granite sills. Window openings at the stair towers are set half a story below the level of the typical openings. The walls terminate at a simple metal drip molding at the edge of the roof. A one-story brick boiler house originally located adjacent to the stair tower at the south end of Building 1 was demolished sometime after 1943. Iwo exterior brick chimneys are found on Building 1, one at the intersection of the elevator tower and the south elevation and a second at the south elevation. Three exterior brick chimneys run up the outside walls of Building 2: one at the east elevation of the west wing, one at the intersection of the two wings and one at the south elevation of the north wing.
Oversized openings for loading doors or docks are found at each building: one oversized opening is located at the basement level at the east elevation of Building 2 and one oversized opening (continued) NPS Form 10-900a (Rev. 8/86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No. 1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Haverhill Board of Trade Building Haverhill (Essex), MA Section number_7_ Page _3_ is located at the basement level at the south elevation of Building 2. One former loading dock is located at the south elevation of Building 1. A new wall is recessed in the oversized openings so they still read as loading entrances. Elsewhere, the aluminum replacement windows are typically 6/6 to match the historic windows. The north end of the east and west elevations continue some of the ornament shown on the pavilions.
The third story sill course, the fifth story cornice and the main projecting modillion cornice continue around the corner from the façade to the first three bays on each elevation. A buff brick pilaster, corner piers and frieze frame the three bays, which are otherwise built of red brick. In addition, the south elevation of Building 2 has variations in the regular fenestration typical of the secondary elevations. The east end of the wing is canted in toward the interior of the building and this section of wall is four bays, built of wood frame, sheathed with cement fiber clapboards. The former rolled metal, center pivot sashes have been replaced with new aluminum awning sashes to approximate the originals. The two east bays in the brick wall of this elevation are spaced wider apart than the typical bay and the last bay is a stair with the openings stepped down.
(photo #2) The bays at the south elevation of the west wing are asymmetrical, to allow for a stair in the southwest corner. Pedestrian doors include a large door at the basement, south elevation of Building 2, west wing, and at the base of the south stair tower, Building 1. The boiler house is one story, red brick, rectangular in plan, two bays by three bays, with a flat rubber roof. The window openings have segmental brick arches and granite sills. The roof of the boiler house had been raised and a short second story with steel industrial windows was added at some time in the past. The added short second story has been removed and a flat roof installed based on physical evidence. (photo #4) Interior The Haverhill Board of Trade Building was built using typical factory construction, with brick exterior bearing walls and an interior wood frame of timber construction with wood floors.
Each wing of the building contains a central row of square wood columns with a cast iron capital supporting a heavy wood beam. The seventh floor columns are chamfered and the column capitals are wood. The floors and ceilings are wood. The building has been converted to 146 residential units, 61 of which are affordable. The project is nearing completion and is partially occupied as new residents move in. The west and north wings have central, double- loaded corridors with apartments on either side. The corridor in the east wing is located along the west wall and the units are on the east side of the wing. The first two floors contain duplex units, and each unit is entered from the courtyard so there are no corridors along the wings. The partitions, fixtures and finishes were installed in 2006 and 2007.
A new entrance and new lobby are approached from the west elevation providing barrier free access to the building and to the new passenger elevator located in the lobby. The columns and wood ceilings are typically exposed. The floors are carpet and linoleum, the partition walls are sheet rock. Wood floors are found in the new lobby. Historic metal clad fire doors have been hung within the new stairs and others have been retained with their original track at the opening between the north and west wings. One original stair located at the SW corner of the west wing is enclosed in brick walls; the stairs are wood dogleg stairs and have a vertical bead board partition extending up through the center of the stair. (continued) NPS Form 10-900a (Rev. 8/86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No.
1024-0018 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Haverhill Board of Trade Building Haverhill (Essex), MA Section number _Z Page _4_ Archaeological Description While no ancient Native American sites are located on the nominated property, it is possible that sites are present. Six Native sites are located in the general area (within one mile) including three sites (19-ES-32, 550, 611) located within 1,000 feet to the south and southeast of the Board of Trade Building. All of the sites noted above are burial sites located on the northern shore of the Merrimack River in the vicinity of its confluence with the Little River. The Little River is currently channeled below ground in this area. The general area discussed above has been noted as the principal village of the Pentucket Indians in 1640.
Environmental characteristics of the property represent locational criteria (slope, soil drainage, proximity to wetlands) that are favorable for the presence of Native sites. While the Board of Trade Building is located in an area characterized by urban land deposits where the natural topography and soils have been altered or obscured by urban works and structures, the geology and soil types of surrounding locales indicate the Board of Trade Building site was originally a well-drained, level to moderately sloping riverine terrace of the Little River. The Little River, although now channelized below ground, was originally located within 1,000 feet south of the Board of Trade Building flowing southerly to the Merrimack River also less than 1,000 feet away.
The confluence of the Little and Merrimack rivers may represent an additional locational characteristic favorable for the presence of ancient Native American sites and a favored location for larger village/habitation type sites. While most ancient Native American sites in the nominated area would have been destroyed by urban construction activities, the documented presence of several burial sites in the area may indicate that similar deeply buried cultural features may survive on the Board of Trade Building property. Known burial sites in the area all share a south-facing characteristic along the northern shore of the Merrimack River near its confluence with the Little River.
These locational characteristics also exist for the Board of Trade Building property, which also has a southerly aspect and location on the northerly bank of the Little River near its confluence with the Merrimack River. Given the information presented above, a low to moderate potential exists for locating ancient Native American survivals on the Haverhill Board of Trade Building property. Most potential Native American resources on the property would have been destroyed by 19" and 20t* century urban construction in the area. Only burials and other deeply buried archaeological features may survive intact beneath historic land use. A moderate potential exists for locating historic archaeological resources on the Haverhill Board of Trade Building property. Structural evidence may survive from 19" century residences, barns, and outbuildings known to exist on the nominated parcel.
In 1886, several properties are noted on Walnut Street with small outbuildings behind the main dwelling, particularly Lots 10 and 12, both on the site of the Haverhill Board of Trade Building. The lots were re-numbered in the 1920s and reflect the current address of 16-42. Nineteenth and 20th century occupational-related features (trash pits, privies, wells) related to Haverhill Board of Trade Building and earlier residences might also survive on the property. (end) Haverhill Board of Trade Building Name of Property 8. Statement of Significance