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Decorative drawing: a nineteenth-century public building. Not a photograph of this place.

Nomination for Union Trust Building

The case file that argued this property on to the National Register: 8,311 words across 54 pages, filed in 2008. Read by 4 independent recognisers, of which at least 3 had to agree before a line was published.

Source document Held by the National Archives in Record Group 79 as reference 08000802, where it exists only as a scan with no text layer. The words below were read off that scan by 4 independent recognisers at two resolutions. Only lines that at least 3 of them returned identically appear below; where they disagreed, the line is withheld rather than guessed, so some of the form's furniture is missing. Spelling is never corrected, so a stray character that all the readers agreed on is the recogniser's and the typewriter's.. Nothing is summarised, corrected or written by this site. See the catalogue record, or return to the property.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) RECEIVED 2280 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service July 2,2008 National Register of Historic Places NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 1. Name of Property historic name Union Trust Building other names/site number Bartlett Building; Fifth Third Union Trust Building 2. Location street & number 36 E. Fourth Street N/A not for N/A vicinity code OH _ county _Hamilton code 061 _ zip code 45202 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this x request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties Part 60. In my opinion, the property X _ meets does not meet the National Register criteria.

I recommend _nationally Signature of certifying official/Title - SHPO Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that the property is: _ See continuation sheet. _determined not eligible for the National Register _removed from the National Register - other (explain): state Action publication Registration Form Cincinnati city or town NPS Form 10-900 Date of Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x' in the appropriate box or by entering classifications, materials and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items.

that this property de considered significant _statewide_X_locally. .entered in the National Register OMB No. 10024-0018 Union Trust Building Name of Property County and State 5. Classification Ownership ot Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) X private X building(s) - public - local - public - state .site _ public - Federal Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously (enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing) listed in the National Register 6. Function or Use Historic Functions Current Functions Commerce/Trade - Business - Office Building Commerce/Trade - Office Building 7.

Description Architectural Classification - Commercial Style terra cotta, brick Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets) object structure district Total Noncontributing concrete asphalt Other: Materials roof: walls: foundation: Hamilton, Ohio (check as many as apply) (Enter categories from instructions) (check only one box) Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet The Union Trust Building is located at 36 E. Fourth Street at the northwest corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets.

The 17-story steel frame building was constructed in 1901, expanded in 1914 and expanded again in 1931, serving as a retail bank headquarters with speculative offices above. It is built to the lot lines and has a typical The building is located in the financial district of downtown Cincinnati, one block south of Fountain Square. Generally, to the north and west is the retail and hotel district; to the south is the riverfront area, to the east is the "new downtown". The parcel is located at the northwest corner of Fourth Street and Walnut Street. Fourth Street runs one-way to the west, coupled with Fifth Street which runs one-way to the east. Walnut Street runs Setting: The Union Trust Building is located in a dense "downtown" environment immediately surrounded largely by buildings of a similar scale, massing and general vintage.

Directly across Walnut Street to the east is constructed in 1905. Directly across Fourth Avenue is the Dixie Terminal, another high-rise office tower, designed by D. H. Burnham & Co. At the same time, in the immediate vicinity, there are newer structures of a similar office use with similar scale and massing. To the south and west, across Fourth Street, are the 1967 Provident Tower and the WLW Building. Directly to the east, across Walnut, is Formica Building, designed by Harry Weiss, with the 1972 Federal Reserve Building, designed by Harry Hake & Co, beyond. In total, the surrounding Cincinnati central business district has 14 million square feet of office space and has benefited from $1.7 billion in new investment. Major development projects include a S42 million renovation of Fountain Square, located a block feet east and west, and approximately 325 feet north and south.

Historically, the block was divided into east Trust Building at the south. Today, the northern two-thirds of the block contain a single development, Fountain Square South. This development includes a 29-story office building at the northeast and 17-story Westin Hotel at the northwest, connected by a retail atrium that faces Fifth Street. The southern third of the block consists of five buildings: The Union Trust Building, which comprises the half east of Postal Place. Then to the west, across the alley, are the 1905 Burnham-designed Fourth National Bank, the 1875 Hunter Savings Building, the 1893 Burhhardts Men's Store Building and the 1904 Ingalls Building. Then north of the Ingalls Building is the 1895 Christian Science Reading Room. The block on which the Union Trust sits is standard of the historic rectilinear grid.

It runs approximately 400 designed by Garber and Woodward and constructed in 1922. Catercorner is 1904 First National Bank Building, beyond to the north and a $9.3 million Government Square development just east of Fountain Square. the Mercantile Library Building, a high rise office building designed by Joseph Steinkamp and Brother and NPS Form 10-900-a one-way south, coupled with Vine Street which runs one-way north. EARLY 20TH CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENTS - Commercial Style. and west halves by Postal Place alley; this alley remains along the southern portion and is adjacent to the Union floor plate of approximately 15,800 square feet. Stylistically, it may be categorized as LATE 19TH AND Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Site: The Union Trust Building is located on a largely rectilinear parcel that measures approximately 198 feet east and west and 97 feet north and south. The parcel is generally flat. The Union Trust is built to the lot line with no character-defining landscape features. Structure: The Union Trust is a 17-story (with mezzanine) steel frame building, 231 feet tall, with a full approximately 94 feet deep. In 1931, a second full-height steel frame addition was added to the west end of the Fourth Street leg, this addition however matched the traditional depth of 68 feet. (See the Site Development Exterior: The Union Trust has two primary facades, completed in the Commercial Style with Classical Revival overtones.

The first facade faces south onto Fourth Street (Photos 6 and 7), the second faces east onto Walnut Street (Photos 1 and 2). These are similar in form, materials and design palette. The larger of the two is the Fourth Street facade. Pilasters divide the face into ten nearly identical bays. Although the 1931 expansion added four bays, the design for the addition replicates that of the original; the only distinction is that the bays story base clad in marble, an 11-story shaft clad in marble at the fourth floor and brick above, and a three-story terra cotta clad attic. Classically detailed belt courses occur at the sill line of floors two, four, five, fifteen and seventeen. Fenestration is regular. Windows are grouped in threes with a thin pilaster separating and featuring continuous stone sills and square lintels.

Windows originally were one-over-one, double hung-wood sash with wood frame; in 1986, these were replaced with anodized aluminum of a similar configuration. The center window in each bay at the fifteenth floor features a pedimented head. Ornamentation is classical and the cornice is pronounced and bracketed. In the 1931 expansion, the ground floor uses were redefined. The existing Fourth Street entrance was modernized with a deco-inspired, fluted, polished granite surround with a stylized eagle at the keystone (Photo 9). Inside the surround was a bronzed doorway with full-story, multi-light transom. A second entry, nearly identical to the Fourth Street entry, was then installed in the center bay on Walnut (Photo 5). The storefronts flanking these entrances then featured a polished granite bulkhead with bronzed storefront window frames and and brushed aluminum frames and doors.

The storefront at the west was further modernized in the 1980s. The eastern face is five bays across but essentially similar to the south. The west and several facades at the north are Plan). are slightly thinner in the addition and there is a slight change in hue with materials. Horizontally, the building recessed doorway. The storefronts were again modernized in the 1950s with reddish-polished marble facing into a front-facing "U" by adding a 17-story steel frame full-height addition at the west and running steel frame structure was completed in 1901.In form, it was a closed "L"measuring 97 feet north and south features a traditional tripartite configuration, created by variation in materials and belt courses, with a three- utilitarian, typically with red brick and modern, anodized aluminum, one-over-one, double hung windows.

and 106 feet east and west, with each "leg" approximately 68 feet across. In 1914, the "L" was transformed NPS Form 10-900-a basement and partial mechanical subbasement. The building was constructed in three phases: The original Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Continuation Sheet floors, from six and above, are nearly identical today. This includes an elevator lobby at the east opening to an east-west double loaded corridor to the west (Photos 13 and 14). Toward the center of the corridor, a second corridor runs north where the 1914 addition was constructed. Select floors also have an abbreviated north-south corridor that runs north from the east end of the elevator lobby (Photo 15).

As built, the corridors were lined with marble; in 1914 and 1931, the corridor extensions continued this feature though a slight variation of the color of the marble is apparent. The building was modernized in the 1980s and the finishes updated with carpet, accommodate tenant needs and typically feature modern finishes. In the 1931 expansion, the basement and floors 2-5 were constructed for bank use. This included enclosing the eastern elevators and developing these full floors with access from the new west elevators. At the second floor is a dramatic barrel-vaulted banking room (Photo 12). While most of the marble fixtures were removed and the safety deposit vaults (Photo 10). Alterations: Since the final expansion in 1931, the building has been updated over the years to be competitive metal frame and a water sprinkler system installed in the interior.

At this same time, the banking hall was rehabilitated. Tenant spaces, including some full floor tenants, have been reconfigured and finishes updated as spaces were leased. Though the windows are modern, they are sympathetic and reflect the traditional one-over-one form. The exterior also features notable decoration: The marble surrounds with stylized eagles and multi-faceted bronzed entries are striking and unusual. The classically-styled decorative elements, including pilaster capitals, belt courses and cornice are also striking and important to the building's overall design. The storefronts have been clad public lobby is also impressive. The upper floors vary in the degree of integrity with some full floor tenants substantially modifying the floors. In general however the traditional marble clad elevator lobby and corridors remain.

typically modernized over time, but remain within the bay structure and retain an appropriate scale, though elevator banks at the west and east appears much today much as when completed in 1931. It features decorative ground floor storefronts and the banking hall were modernized. In the 1980s, the windows were replaced with The interior also retains a high degree of integrity, particularly in public spaces. The marble clad lobby with plaster cornices, bronzed elevator banks and trim. The second floor banking hall is similarly largely intact, room hidden in a 1950 modernization, the room was rehabilitated to its present form in the 1980s. Surrounding Interior:The Union Trust Building was constructed and expanded as a speculative office building. The upper NPS Form 10-900-a in the marketplace.

The primary changes have occurred with each change in ownership: In the 1950s, the dropped tile ceilings and painted walls above the marble.Tenant spaces have typically been reconfigured to National Register of Historic Places having been rehabilitated previously, though the space is somewhat partitioned.The basement with a marble the barrel-vault above is a mezzanine floor. The basement, clad in marble, was also designed for use as the materials and specific treatments are typically not especially sympathetic. Character-defining Features:The building retains a high-degree of integrity.The exterior is largely as built. OMB No. 10024-0018 Union Trust Building Hamilton, Ohio 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property (Enter categories from instructions) for National Register listing).

A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad B Property is associated with the lives of persons XC Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or Period of Significance represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack _D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply) Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes B removed from its original location Cultural Affiliation C a birthplace or grave D a cemetery E a reconstructed building, object, or structure F a commemorative property D. H.

Burnham & Company - Architect (1901) Graham, Anderson, Probst & White - G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance Architect (1914; 1931) Within the past 50 years Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets) 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Primary location of additional data - preliminary determination of individual listing (36CFR67) - State Historic Preservation Office has been requested _Other State agency - previously listed in the National Register _ Federal agency _ previously determined eligible by the National Register X Local government _ designated a National Historic Landmark _ University _recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey _recorded by Historic American Engineering Record Name of repository: Cincinnati Public Library Property is: 1914 1901-1931 Architecture Other individual distinction. Architect/Builder significant in our past. information important in prehistory or history. Significant Dates patterns of our history.

Name of Property County and State Previous documentation on file (NPS): Bibliography (Cite books, articles, and other sources used in preparing the form on one or more continuation sheets) See continuation sheets Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet The Union Trust Building is located at 36 E. Fourth Street at the northwest corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets. Anderson, Probst & White. At the time of construction, the Union Trust Building was the tallest building in The Union Savings Bank and Trust Company building, a seventeen-story fireproof structure, 232 feet high, the tallest in the State of Ohio, is situated at the northwest corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets.

Completed January 1, 1901, equipped with six elevators; its hundreds of offices furnished with every modern appliance for convenience and comfort, it stands a massive model of its kind, the home of many and varied industries. From the observation platform, located on This is how the Union Savings and Trust Bank described its new headquarters. The bank was a relatively new venture. Cincinnati business leader, Jacob Schmidlapp formed the bank in 1890 with capital stock of $500,000 established a cigar and whiskey business there. In 1874, Schmidlapp moved his business to Cincinnati and added distillery and malting. Union Savings and Trust was his first venture into banking, though he remained president there from its creation to 1907, and then served as its Chairman of the Board until 1919.?

allowed regular commercial trade along the Ohio River connecting to the Mississippi River and ultimately to Miami Canal followed by the railroad, both providing access to the interior of the state and solidifying Cincinnati's position as the key marketplace in Southern Ohio. In turn, these assets made Cincinnati attractive downtown Cincinnati. At the time, Cincinnati was an important river port, surviving decades of slow growth until the steamboat born in Piqua, Ohio, west of Columbus, in 1849. He apprenticed in dry goods in Memphis, Tennessee and then and a pledge of another $500,000 from the bank's principals.

Schmidlapp, then forty-one-years old, had been "modern" structures, several designed by Burnham, redefining Fourth Street and the financial district of finally in 1931, doubled in size and remodeled, again by Burnham's successor firm, now known as Graham, building, symbolically opened on the first day of the 2o" century, is also notable as the first of a series of The building was designed by the nationally prominent architecture firm, D. H. Burnham & Company for noted significant under Criteria C as a notable example of D. H.Burnham & Company and its successor firm.The History of the Resource: Cincinnati banker, Jacob G. Schmidlapp, and built in 1901 as a speculative office building with ground floor the Gulf of Mexico. Paralleling the technological advances of river transportation was the completion of the 2 "Union Savings Bank" (brochure, n.d.) banking spaces.

In 1914, it was expanded by Burnham's successor firm, Graham, Burnham & Company, and Cincinnati, and its 1931 expansion was the largest development project of that year. The building is locally Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet to immigrants and industrial development. By the 1850s, Cincinnati was one of the most prosperous cities in buildings. Typically these were four to six story buildings often in the Italianate style, such as the Cincinnati Gas-Light and Coke Building (1872), the even more dramatic Federal Building (1874-75) and the Palace Hotel (1882). This style, scale and mass defined the City's core. was D. H. Burnham and Company of Chicago.

At the time, Burnham was one of the most prominent architects nationally. With John Root, Burnham had designed dramatic structures in Chicago, including the ten-story tallest high rise masonry building; 1884-92) and the Masonic Temple, which was thought by some to be the tallest building in the world at the time of its completion in 1892. Even greater national prominence came with his efforts to head the design and construction of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. Following Beaux facades, greatly influenced both architecture and urban planning in the United States. The building was to be the city's tallest, opening on the first day of the new century. It would replace, and indeed double, the largest building in the City, the six-story c.

1876 Johnston Building, located at the north end was broken in October of the same year, beginning with the demolition of a three-story wood structure at the corner of Fourth and Walnut that housed retail stores, offices and a business college and two adjacent five-story As important as the size was the style. Downtown Cincinnati was characterized largely by the revival Italianate style with Romanesque mixed in. Though many featured cast iron fronts, these buildings read as heavy, masonry structures with roots in historicized design. In contrast, following on the enthusiasm of the Columbian Exposition, Schmidlapp sought to create a bold new modern building in what is now known as the Commercial Style. As described by Marcus Whiffen in American Architecture Since 1780, the notion of the "commercial Cincinnati's 1877 Shillito Store.

The style however gained prominence in Chicago with the works of William LeBaron Jenney, particularly starting with the metal frame Home Insurance Building, built in 1884-85. The Union Trust was the first full example of the style in downtown Cincinnati. In the years that immediately followed the Union Trust, the commercial style took hold particularly in the immediate neighborhood. Following the Trust, Burnham's firm designed the three similarly styled buildings in * Cincinnati Enquirer, January 1.

190l; style" is created by the demand for "light, space, air and strength." Ironically, a major precedent of the style is the century.In real property terms, particularly the downtown saw the rise of substantial office, hotel and retail Montauk Building (1882), the twelve-story Rookery (1888), sixteen-story Monadnock Building (the last and the nation and the sixth largest metropolis in the country.This growth continued well into the second half of With the new building, Schmidlapp set to establish a new paradigm for the city.The architect for the building NPS Form 10-900-a the "White City", as the fair came to be dubbed with its boulevards, gardens and buildings with classical arts principles of design, namely, European Classical Architecture principles based on symmetry and balance, of the block.3 Burnham's designs for the Union Trust Building were first completed on July 13, 1899.

Ground retail buildings.Five hundred workers then spent the next year building Cincinnati''s "first skyscraper."4 Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places the immediate vicinity: Traction Building (101-105 E. Fifth Street; 1902), First National Bank Building (101 E. Fourth Street; 1904), Fourth National Bank (18 E. Fourth Street; 1905). Other architects also embraced the style with the Ingalls Building (6 E. Fourth Street; 1902 by Elzener & Anderson), Mercantile Library Building In the years that followed, Union Savings and Trust grew rapidly, often through acquisition. In 1903, it acquired the Cincinnati Savings Society.

Overcrowding at the bank and continuing demand for downtown office space led Schmidlapp to hire Burnham's successor firm, Graham, Burnham & Company, to design an completing such major commissions as the Field Museum in Chicago, Continental & Commercial Bank also in Chicago, and the Equitable Building in New York. This addition, completed in 1914, added 38 feet to the west end along the Fourth Street façade and ran 94 feet deep, effectively transforming the building from a closed "L" stockholders in one became a stockholder in the other, but maintained separate operations. Fifth Third National Bank of Cincinnati had been created in 1908 by the merger of the Third National Bank and the Fifth National Bank and operated under a national charter. The Union Savings and Trust operated under a state charter; which allowed branch banking.

Under this arrangement, Union Savings and Trust expanded rapidly, acquiring Security Savings Bank and Sate Deposit (1919), Mohawk State Bank (1919), Walnut Hills State Bank (1919), formally merged on February 23, 1927, operating as The Fifth Third Union Trust Company. The new bank surrendered the national charter and operated under the Union Savings state charter. At the time, it was the largest bank in the city with resources of $90 million. Although merging, the banks did not collocate immediately. Fifth Third continued to occupy its offfices at Fourth and Vine. Expansion also continued with the acquisition of the Cosmopolitan Bank and Trust and the four-story buildings of Steinway and Sons Piano Store and Elsa Sterritt Gift Shop (and including the Sweet Clover Lunch Room).

The firm then again hired Burnham's successor firm, now called Graham, Anderson, Probst and White, to design a second addition at the west. By now, the successor firm was established as one of the dominant architecture firms in the first half of the twentieth century. Their reputation grew with the successful completion of the substantial projects underway at In July 1919, Union Savings and Trust and Fifth Third National Bank affiliated by exchanging stocks, such that Burnham's death. Following on Burnham's business and design philosophy, the firm increasingly established Fifth Third History and Expansion, www.53.com; Cincinnati Enquirer, December 25, 1926; May 31, 1932 1911-14 by Cass Gilbert) to name just a few.

Continuation Sheet Court House Savings Bank (1921),Home Savings Bank (1923), Winton Savings Bank (1924) and the First National Bank of Madisonville (1925)- all in a six year time frame. The Union Savings and Fifth Third then (414 Walnut Street, 1910 by Joseph G. Steinkamp and Brother) and Union Central Life (1 W. Fourth Street; Oakley Bank.In 1930, the now Fifth Third Union Trust acquired the two parcels to the west, occupied by the addition at the west end of the building. The architectural firm had continued to prosper after Burnham's death, in form to a front facing "U". Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet itself with large and dramatic commissions.

By the 1920s, it had secured most if not all of the prestigious commissions in the United States, examples being Cleveland's Terminal Tower and Philadelphia's Broad Street The Union Trust addition would be approximately 58 feet in length east and west and mirror the design of the space, the first five floors and basement of the expanded building would be remodeled to serve as a public banking center. The entrances included a dramatic polished deco granite surround with large bronze and glass marble stair that led to the second floor barrel vaulted banking hall surrounded by a mezzanine. The second floor also featured credit, mortgage, and general bookkeeping offices. The mezzanine floor featured the President's office, executive suites and reception room.

The third floor occupied the Fifth Third Securities "The progress of our city and its neighboring communities must increasingly depend upon the today, but it is destined l am sure to become a greater city. The Fifth Third Union Trust Company views this future with assurance that it will be in the years to come as it is now and has communities." E. W. Edwards, President, Fifth Third Union Trust Bank? Through the 1930s, 40s and 50s, Fifth Third Union Trust continued to expand. In 1933, it acquired the Bank and Trust. the space as it planned construction of a new headquarter building north of Fountain Square. The new Fifth Third Building was finished in 1969 and the bank relocated. Shortly after, the building owners modernized the second floor banking hall.

Twenty years later, Bartlett & Company, an investment advisor, acquired the work included exterior cleaning and new anodized aluminum windows. Interior work included upper floor 8 Fifth Third History and Expansion, www.53.com Station. projects in Chicago, including the Wrigley Building and Merchandise Mart. It also increasingly captured major Department and the Director's Room, while the fifth floor was occupied by general banking offices. In the been in the past an important factor in the progress of Cincinnati and its neighboring 7 Cincinnati Enquirer, May 31, 1932. basement were the safe deposit rooms and vaults.Moving day for Fifth Third was May 30, 1932. doors.The first floor was occupied by the savings, travel and foreign departments.It also featured a dramatic Company, along with the bank's statistical offices and advertising offices.

The fourth floor held the Trust Washington Bank and Trust. In 1947, it purchased the Reading Bank.In 1952, it purchased the Cincinnati original building.Construction would take a year.As important as the addition was in providing additional In 1967, Fifth Third Bank sold the Union Trust Building to the Miller Family of Dayton, Ohio and leased back NPS Form 10-900-a 6 Ibid. Name of Property maintenance of ever greater and more complete banking facilities. Cincinnati is a great city building and renamed it "the Bartlett Building". At that time, the building was notably rehabilitated. Exterior Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Continuation Sheet corridor remodeling, and updated mechanicals; work also included uncovering and rehabilitating the second floor banking hall which had been covered over in the 1950s. The Union Trust Building is eligible for listing on the National Register under Criteria C as a locally significant work of a master: The Union Trust Building was designed by D. H.

Burnham & Company in 1899, completed in 1900 and opened successor firm, Graham, Burnham & Company, working within the existing design palette to create a nearly seamless extension of the south façade; the façade is distinguished only by variations in brick, stone and terra the end; the distinction in the corridors between new and existing is a slight change in the color and variegation design was completed by the successor firm to Graham, Burnham & Company, Graham, Anderson, Probst and south façade; the façade is distinguished only by variations in brick, stone, and terra cotta hues. This last work first floor lobby and second floor banking hall, the latter seemingly a Burnham trademark. On the upper floors above the fifth, again the corridors were extended such that only slight variations in marble color distinguish the Masonic Temple.

But his commissions spanned the country and included such landmarks as the Flatiron was augmented and advanced by Burnham's leadership in the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, particularly its embrace of the principles of European classical architecture. It is unknown how it was that Jacob Schmidlapp came across Burnham. It is entirely possible that Schmidlapp visited the World's Columbian Exposition. With business and family associations in New York City, he may have been familiar with plans for the Flatiron Building. It may be simply that Schmidlapp knew of Burnham's new. Philadelphia, to name a few. He was recognized for building large, and for building tall. The firm's reputation pattern of the marble. In 1931, the building was again expanded westward, this time, three bays. Again, the As noted above, at the time of initial construction, D. H.

Burnham and Company was recognized as one of the works in the nearby competing cities of Cleveland, Columbus, and Pittsburgh. Regardless, the self-made White. Again, the design worked within the existing design palette to create a nearly seamless extension of the National Register of Historic Places Building in New York, Pennsylvania Station in Pittsburgh, Union Station in Washington, D.C., and the Mills Schmidlapp built his career, one that eventually led to the financial social circles of New York City, on being a also modernized the storefront levels and building entrances and created strong interior spaces that included the buildings. He is best known for his Chicago works as the Montauk, Rookery, Monadock, Reliance, and Building in San Francisco. Work in other cities included Atlanta, Buffalo, Cleveland, Columbus, and most prominent architecture firms in the country.

In Burnham's lifetime, the firm designed over two hundred to the public on January 1, 1901. In 1914, it was expanded westward two bays, designed by Burnham's cotta hues.On the interior, this addition continued the existing upper floor corridors and turned 90 degrees at NPS Form 10-900-a Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet progressive entrepreneur. He was surely attracted to the classical civility of Burnham's "White City" and to the prestige he and his bank would secure by attracting such a nationally prominent architect to Cincinnati? Regardless, in 1899, D. H. Burnham & Company designed the Union Trust Building. It was the firm's first the Johnston Building at Fifth and Walnut.

As a steel framed structure with tripartite design organization, it was to a series of high rise commercial office buildings. Following shortly after were the First National Building (1904), located catercorner, the Traction Building (1902) on block north, and the Fourth National (1905), all ground floor retail. And their concentration and construction transformed the look and feel of Cincinnati's At this time, Burnham's firm was organized around the strengths of senior member Ernest Graham (who was a 40% partner with Burnham), Pierce Anderson, Edward Probst and Howard White (all of whom owned 2.5%). specifications, White oversaw contracts and site supervision and Graham handled office operations. Within Burnham's firm, it is not possible to attribute designs specifically for the Union Trust. Original Anderson, who as noted above headed planning and design.

Throughout the years, Anderson was assisted by a number of talented assistants and it is certainly likely that design tasks were parceled out, with select designers working on the façade and others detailing interior elements. As was typical of large firms, designs were collaborative but never issued without the ultimate approval of the senior management. That being said, one possible designer was Frederick Dinkelberg. He collaborated on the plans of many of the firm's most important designs around the country. He was the façade designer for the 1903 Flat Iron Building importantly, he is known to be associated with the design of the First National Bank of Cincinnati, completed in New York Times, December 19, 1919; New York Times, December 25, 1919. 1º Cincinnati Enquirer, January 1, 1901 in New York, and the 1912 Conway Building in Chicago, and the 1921 Hibernian Bank in New Orleans.

Most work in the city. It was also to be the city's first skyscraper, nearly twice as tall as the current largest building, The Union Trust was the first major project on Fourth Street and its success in design and reputation led quickly In general terms, Anderson headed planning and design, while Probst managed working drawings and 1901, the first day of the 20"h Century. was the Mercantile Library (1905). Others included the Ingalls Building (1902) and the German National Bank OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 (1903), both west on Fourth. All of these designs were strikingly similar -high rise commercial style with designed by Burnham. Across the street to the south was the Mills Building (1903) and across the street east to be the first "modern"building in the city. It was not by accident that the building was to open January 1, 1904.

Dinkelberg was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, studied architecture in Philadelphia and in 1896 opened drawings for the building do not seem to exist, though subsequent expansions have the stamp of Pierce NPS Form 10-900-a Name of Property financial district in a five year window. Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places When Burnham died in 1912, the firm continued to operate D. H. Burnham & Company to finish out the firm's Although the 1914 addition is not insubstantial, the bank seemingly was satisfied with the design and the place architects for the expansion.

A decade and a half later, as Fifth Third Bank and Union Trust sought to expand the building to accommodate combined operations, the successor firm, now called Graham, Anderson, Probst & The early work of Burnham's successor firms were profoundly influenced by his ideas and principles. When Burnham died, he left the firm an active and successful firm with a trained and well-organized staff capable of reputation. The successor firm built on that foundation and as hard as it might seem, by the 1930s, the Federal Reserve Banks. followed by five others" Traction Building (101-105 E. Fifth Street): Completed in 1902, the Traction Building is located on the served as the home of the transit company until 1925 and continues as a speculative office building with ground First National Bank Building (101 E.

Fourth Street): Completed in 1904, the First National Bank Building is located cater-corner from the Union Trust Building and served as the home of the First National Bank for 80 an office there. Shortly, he moved to Chicago and associated with the Burnham firm where remained through Ernest Graham. opposite side of Walnut Street at the end of the block. This narrow Commercial style fifteen-story building designing any contemporary building, hundreds of satisfied clients, a well accepted style and an international his professional career. member), Cleveland's Terminal Group, Koppers Building in Pittsburgh, Filene's in Boston and numerous Burnham Works in Cincinnati: The Union Trust Building was Burnham's first building in Cincinnati. It was the Merchandise Mart, all in Chicago. Elsewhere, projects included the Dime Savings Bank in Detroit, U. S. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1992.

Continuation Sheet projects. Shortly after, it was renamed Graham, Burnham & Company, led by the senior Burnham partner and most prolific firms in the country. Major works include the Field Museum, the Civic Opera Building, and floor retail. of the building in the Cincinnati financial districts.Thus, it is not surprising that Schmidlapp called the original Post Office in Washington, D.C., the Equitable Building in New York (of which Jacob Schmidlapp was a board successor firm had significantly augmented its Burnham heritage.The firm had grown to be one of the largest White, was again the architect. 12 Cincinnati Enquirer, January 1, 1932; May 31, 1932 Chappell, Sally A. Kitt. Architecture and Planning of Graham, Anderson, Probst and White, 1912-1936: Transforming Tradition. Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Continuation Sheet years. Today, it features ground floor retail with leased office space above. With tripartite composition in the Fourth National Bank (18 E. Fourth Street): Completed in 1905, the Fourth National Bank is located just to the west of the Union Trust. The 12-story building has been adapted for downtown residential ownership with ground floor retail. Schmidlapp Memorial Library Wing, Cincinnati Art Museum (953 Eden Park Drive): Completed in 1907, the Schmidlapp wing in Eden Park northeast of the city's downtown is a distinct departure from the high rise office structures. The Beaux-Arts classical wing was added to the north of the Cincinnati Art Museum and Burnham's interior plan substantially altered in a 1950s renovation.

East Addition, Alms & Doepke Department Store (222 East Central Parkway): Similarly, the 1912 6-story addition by Burnham to the 1878 Alms & Doepke Department Store stands apart from other works by Burnham in the city. Pale buff brick with a restrained classical trim, the addition stands in stark contrast to the 1878 red Of Burnham's portfolio, the cluster of 4 downtown office structures all located in little more than a block is strong and noteworthy. Similar in design, massing and scale, they play a major role in defining the city's Union Trust represents the first Burnham building and the first "tallest" Burnham building, but truly the sum of stands as Burnham's first work in the city. At the time of construction it was nearly double the size of the commissions within the next couple of years all within a block or two. The building was expanded by Probst & White in the city.

brick structure. The entire complex was renovated for office use in 1995. financial district and assert the city's heritage as a business center in the first decade. Chronologically, the Commercial style, the 19 story building replaced Union Trust as the City's tallest upon completion and tallest building in the city.Its immediate success as speculative office building spawned a number of Conclusion:There is no question of the importance of the Union Trust Building to the City of Cincinnati. It one of largest architectural firms in the country, the Union Trust remains the only work of Graham, Anderson, NPS Form 10-900-a Graham, Burnham & Company; Graham, Anderson, Probst & White Works in Cincinnati: The expanded Union Trust Building additions are the only known examples of work in Cincinnati by each of the Burnham successor firms.

interior bank spaces demonstrate an updated interpretation.While the successor firm continued to grow into National Register of Historic Places the cluster is greater than the individual parts. Burnham's successor firm in 1914 and then again in 1931. The expansion drew from the materials, scale, remained so until 1913. massing and design palette of the original and is largely imperceptible from the original, though the entries and Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Chappell, Sally A. Kitt. Architecture and Planning of Graham, Anderson, Probst and White, 1912-1936: Transforming Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Cincinnati Post. They Built A City: 150 Years of Industrial Cincinnati.

Cincinnati, OH: The Cincinnati Post, Jordy, William H. American Buildings and Their Architects; Progressive and Academic Ideals at the Turn of the Century. Volume 4. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972. Painter, Sue Ann, et al. Architecture in Cincinnati: An Illustrated History of Designing and Building and American City. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2006. Roth, Leland M. A Concise History of American Architecture. New York: Harper and Row. 1979. Roth, Leland M. McKim, Mead and White, Architects. New York: Harper and Row, 1983. Schaffer, Kristen. Daniel H. Burnham; Visionary Architect and Planner. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., 2003. Whiffen, Marcus. American Architecture Since 1780. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1969. Rebori, A.N. "The Work of Burnham and Root- D.H. Burnham-D.H. Burnham and Co and Graham, Burnham and Co." The Architectural Record, July, 1915.

1938. Books BIBLIOGRAPHY Articles Stradling, David. Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis. Chicago, IL: Arcadia Publishing, 2003. Hurley,Daniel.Cincinnati: The Queen City.Cincinnati, OH:The Cincinnati Historical Society,1988 Klenbaner, Benjamin J.American Commercial Banking: A History.Washington, D.C.: Beard Books,1995. Miller, Zane. Boss Cox's Cincinnati. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1968. NPS Form 10-900-a Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Name of Property County and State United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Wight, Peter S. "Daniel Hudson Burnham and His Associates". The Architectural Record, July, 1915. OTHER SOURCES Cincinnati Historical Society Library City of Cincinnati Building Development Services Microform and Card Files: 36 E.

Fourth Street The Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County www.53.com (Fifth Third Bank website) www.cincinnatimemory.org (Greater Cincinnati Memory Project website) Reports "Conway Building". Chicago, Illinois. National Register Nomination. October, 1983. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps for Cincinnati, Ohio OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Cincinnati Times Star Heritage Consulting Group Historic Portland Research Files "Union Savings Bank" (brochure, n.d.) Cincinnati Enquirer Cincinnati Post NPS Form 10-900-a "Chicago Board of Trade Building." Chicago Landmark Designation Report, March 4, 2004. "The Union Savings Bank and Trust Company." (brochure, 1914) Union Trust Building Hamilton, Ohio Name of Property County and State 10.

Geographical Data JTM Reference (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1_16 715189 Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet) 11. Form Prepared By John M.

Tess, President Heritage Consulting Group date_October 31, 2007 street & number 1120 NW Northrup Street state Oregon zip code 97209 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation sheets A sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources Additional items (check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner John Thomas, Sterling Phoenix Development VI LLC 318 Adams Street telephone 312-627-1125 state IL zip code 60606 Northing 4330638 Zone city or town name organization Chicago Portland name/title telephone_503-228-0272 OMB No. 10024-0018 Zone Easting Acreage of Property 0.4 acres (approx.

19,200 SF) Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties tor listing or determine eligibility tor listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, PO Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Photographs: Representative black and white photographs of the property. Union Trust Building Hamilton County.

Ohio Name of Property County and State OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet VERBAL BOU ANDARY DESCRIPTION The Union Trust Building is situated in the City of Cincinnati, Hamilton County, State of Ohio, being a part of inlot 164 of said city and being more particularly described as follows: as described and set forth in the Declaration of Condominium Ownership for Fourth and Walnut Building Condominium, and By-Laws and Drawings attached thereto, recorded in Deed Book 4299, pages 656, and BOUNDARY JUSTIFICATION requested. The boundary is the legally recorded boundary lines for the building for which National Register status is being recorded in Plat Book 54,pages 50-61, of the Registered Land Records, Hamilton County, Ohio.

NPS Form 10-900-a Section number 10Page Units 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 of Fourth and Walnut Building Condominium, Name of Property OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number _Photo List Page Heritage Photo Direction of view (see Photo List below) Photo # (see photo list below) Exterior, Looking Southwest at East Façade Exterior, Looking Southwest at East Façade Storefronts Exterior, Looking West at East Entry Exterior, Looking Northeast at South Façade Exterior, Looking Northwest at South Facade Storefronts Exterior, Looking North at South Entry Interior, Basement, Lobby, Looking Southwest toward elevators at Southwest corner Interior, First Floor, Lobby, Looking West from East Entry Interior, Second Floor, Banking Hall, Looking West from East Interior, Eleventh Floor, Elevator Lobby, Looking West from East - Typical Interior, Eleventh Floor, East-West Corridor, Looking West from East - Typical Photographs Hamilton County, Ohio Union Trust Building National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Interior, Eleventh Floor, North-South Corridor, Looking North from South - Typical County and State August, 2007 Heritage Consulting Group (1120 NW Northrup Street, Portland, OR 97209) NPS Form 10-900-a 36 East Fourth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 1901 1914 1931 09-11-06 BARTLETT BUILDING Union Trust Building Hamilton County, oH Site Development Plan Terry-DeRees Associates, Inc.

TDA No. 2065 Terry-DeRees Associates, Inc. 36 East Fourth Street TDA No. 2065 Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 BOLERO 09-11-06 BARTLETT BUILDING First Floor Union Trust Building Hamilton County, oft HOT TO SCALE Terry-DeRees Associates, Inc. TDA No. 2065 36 East Fourth Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 09-11-06 Second Floor-Vacant BARTLETT BUILDING Union Trust Building NOT TO BCALE Union Trust Building Fourth Floor-Occupied Terry-DeRees Associates, Inc. 36 East Fourth Street NOT TO SCALE TDA No. 2065 Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 09-11-06 BARTLETT BUILDING Hamilton County, OH Union Trust Building Hamilton County, oft Terry-DeRees Associates, Inc. ast Fourth Street TDA No. 2065 nati, Ohio 45202 LETT BUILDING Seventh Floor 09-11-06 NOT TO BCALE N 74 02 S 16° 07 E SEE 4th & WALNUT S 74° 08 W 36 E.

Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio 119.08 97.27 198.17 124.0 CONDOMINIUM Property Tax Plat Union Trust Building 2.53 30 32 3400 Sanborn, 1934 Fifth Third Union Trust Building Union Trust Building Hamilton County, OH FIFTH- THIRD UNION TRUST BLDG ~0024 H. P. F. S. NEW UNION TRUST BUILDING. THE GIBSON HOUSE. Union Trust Building, c. 1900 Hamilton County, Union Trust Building Union Trust Building UNION TRUST BUILDING, N.W. COR. FOURTH AND WALNUT STREETS. Hamilton OH 1904 Union Trust Building, c. 1914 Union Trust Building Hamilton County, OH c. 1932 Union Trust Building First Floor Banking Space Hamilton County, OH c. 1932 Union Trust Building Hamilton County, OH Second Floor Banking Hall BANKING QUARTERS (1890, 1938) Union Trust Building Hamilton County, OH c.

1960 Union Trust Building Hamilton County, OH Second Floor Banking Hall UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE TATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET DATE OF 16TH DAY: 8-29.08ATE REASONS FOR REVIEW: N PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: N SLR DRAFT: N ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments I/N see attached SLR Y/N TELEPHONE DATE 7/16/08 MULTIPLE PROPERTY DISCIPLINE REVIEWER 8/19/08 NATIONAL: RECOM./CRITERIA NAME: Union Trust Building VACCEPT DATE RECEIVED: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 45TH DAY: REFERENCE NUMBER: LESS THAN 50 YEARS: COMMENT WAIVER: N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPS.

08000802 REJECT RETURN OTHER: PDIL: APPEAL: REQUEST; Union Trust Building .Hamilton County, Ohio 411 820 PECZONKA Union Trust Buikding Fres grearfoc Union Trust Building Hamilton Conty, Ohio Union Trust Building OPEN NOW BOLERO Union Trust Builline BUILDING ELEVATORS - FLOORS 6-17 Union Trust Building Hamilton County, Ohio Union Trust Building Hamilton Conty, Ohia Union Trust Building Hamilten County, Ohio DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR COVINGTON QUADRANGLE STATE OF KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY KENTUCKY-OHIO UNITED STATES RECEIVED 2280 July 15, 2008 Ms. Jan Matthews, Associate Director and Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places 1201 "T" (Eye) Street, NW Washington DC 20005 Dear Ms. Matthews: Enclosed please find two (2) new National Register nominations. All appropriate notification Historic Preservation Officer designation has changed.

Notification of this change has been forwarded to the National Park Service concurrent with this transmittal letter. NEW NOMINATION If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000. State Historic Preservation Officer OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street, Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 Hamilton Enclosures COUNTY Guernsey National Register Sincerely, www.ohiohistory.org HISTORY Dr. William K. Laidlaw, Jr. OHIO Taylor, Colonel Joseph, House Union Trust Building AT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE National Park Service 2280 procedures have been followed for these new submissions. Please note that the Ohio State