Major Bibliographical References Previous documentation on file (NPS) - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested - State Historic Preservation Office -previously listed in the National Register - Other State agency L previously determined eligible by the National - Federal agency - Local government - designated a National Historic Landmark - University J recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey X Other Name of repository: WESTERVILLE PUBLIC LIBRARY, recorded by Historic American Engineering Record OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY Register Bibliography ARCHITECTURE Architect/Builder Cultural Affiliation Criteria Considerations religious purposes.
Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance Period of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) Property is: Significant Dates Primary location of additional data for National Register listing) (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 1 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Under Criterion A, the district is significant for its association with Westerville's prominent role in the national temperance movement of the early 20" century.
Westerville's selection as the headquarters for the Anti-Saloon League of America (ASLA) in 1909 brought a national focus to this small town north of Columbus, contributing to its growth and earning it a reputation as the "Dry Capital of the World." As a neighborhood that was developed and largely occupied by members of the ASLA between 1910 and 1935, the district helps to illustrate the impact that this organization and its promoters had on the community. Under Criterion B, the district is important for its association with the prominent and nationally-known founders and leaders of the ASLA, including general superintendent Purley A. Baker, league founder Howard Hyde Russell, and editor, publisher and general manager Ernest H. Cherrington, who each made their home in the neighborhood.
The district's significance under Criterion C is based upon its local importance as an architectural assemblage of predominantly Craftsman style homes that reflect the romantic and agrarian ideals of its Anti-Saloon League owners as well as architectural trends of the period. Several of the homes make use of local materials that blend Temperance Row home was constructed. The ending date is 1935, two years following the repeal of Prohibition when the holdings of the ASLA had been folded into a newly-formed Temperance Education Foundation (which remained in Westerville) and the properties owned by the organization in this neighborhood had been sold. This 11-acre tract of land gained significance when it was purchased in 1909 by the Anti-Saloon League's Purley Baker for development as a residential district of high quality.
The tract was built up over the next two decades with homes of residential buildings in the district were built for, occupied by or associated with ASLA personnel during the period of managers, the printing plant superintendent, publication editor, and political cartoonist. Within this leafy enclave across from Otterbein College and next to Alum Creek, the Anti-Saloon Leaguers lived their lives, raised their families, and by 1919, won their crusade for national Prohibition, the most powerful grass-roots political movement of its time. The Anti-Saloon League of America organization formed to work for unification of public anti-alcohol sentiment, enforcement of existing temperance laws, and enactment of anti-alcohol legislation. A resolution was passed to elect the Rev. Howard Hyde Russell state was officially founded on December 18, 1895, in Washington, D.C.
The name of this national organization was later changed to the Anti-Saloon League of America and Howard Hyde Russell was named as the first superintendent of the national league. A leader of the league said of his organization, "It has not come...simply to build a little local sentiment or to secure the passage of a few laws, or yet to vote the saloons from a few hundred towns. These are mere incidents in its progress. It has urbanization and immigration were seen as the vehicles that allowed the saloon to take root in America's largest cities, creating a decline of social mores that could only be reversed by ending the alcohol problem, in the minds of the founders. ASLA leadership used local churches to carry their message to the people and solicit the funds to run the attack on the the ASLA's close-knit organizers, superintendents, publishers and managers.
No fewer than 20 of the contributing founded in the nation's capital. These two organizations formed the nucleus for the National Anti-Saloon League which The Temperance Row Historic District in Westerville, Ohio, is significant under National Register Criteria A, B and C. significance. In addition to Baker, Russell and Cherrington, these included field agents, accountants, bureau and district The Anti-Saloon League was founded at Oberlin, Ohio, on May 24, 1893. It was a new American temperance superintendent of this new organization - the Ohio Anti-Saloon League. Later the same year a similar organization was come to solve the liquor problem." The organization's motto was "The saloon must go." Increased industrialization, nation's saloons. Ernest Cherrington, in writing about the history of the league, said that "the movement was dependent NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 2 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio upon the church, first of all, for financial support. It was also dependent upon the church for the necessary influence and power to turn the tide..." Many of those who came to support and work for the league over the years were ordained Protestant ministers. In addition, the league drew heavy support from the country's rural areas, where people were traditionally more conservative than their urban counterparts. Although the Anti-Saloon League struggled through the 1890s with organizational and financial difficulties, the early prohibition, but by local option.
They believed that this could best be done through a grassroots effort that would be successful precinct by precinct, county by county, state by state. In 1903 the Reverend Purley Baker, superintendent of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League, was elected to be general superintendent of the national league, based in Washington, D.C. Under his leadership a group of organizations that had been united in name only became a federation run by national beginning, the leaders used the printed word to take their message to the people, publishing their first periodical, The Anti- Saloon, in 1893. In 1896 The American Issue first appeared in Ohio; this publication became the national voice of the League in 1907.
By 1908, the Anti-Saloon League of America had become a major national operation with 400 field and clerical workers in 43 states, a national office in Washington, D.C., and publishing offices in Chicago. In 1919, the Anti-Saloon League played a significant role in the ratification of Prohibition, the 18'* Amendment to the speakers' bureau starring William Jennings Bryan, with state leagues raking in $1.5 million per year and the national headquarters almost $1 million more, with nearly two million in circulation of American Issue, it seemed that the liquor trust had finally been broken. The ASLA and Westerville Looking for a place to consolidate its vast operations in 1908, the ASLA narrowed its search to Ohio, which had been a springboard for the organization and most of its leaders.
The town of Westerville, a dozen miles north of the state capital of Columbus, had several advantages: its wholesome small town atmosphere, its easy access to the railroad system, and its reputation for being dry. In fact, non-alcoholic Westerville was their kind of town. It was dry to its Christian core, from the abstemious United Brethren Church and its Otterbein College to an 1859 village ordinance prohibiting citizens "to spirituous liquors of any kind." As ASLA lawyer Wayne Wheeler noted at the time, "I am told that from time immemorial, Westerville has been so dry that you have to sprinkle the streets after a rain." In 1909, the citizens of this community of 1,900 residents offered a site facing State Street and valued at about $10,000 to be used by the Anti-Saloon League of America for the erection of a printing plant.
News of the League's active interest in Westerville hit the local headlines on January 7, 1909. Reported the Public Opinion, the town's newspaper, "Several other location, educational advantages and many improvements seems to have many of the features especially attractive to the league offficers." In discussing the League's decision, Wayne Wheeler stated: "True, there were other places that offered inducements, but I know of no place where a larger percent of the citizenship of the community took a larger and more active interest in extending the welcome." He added, "The committee also considered naturally the physical environment of the community in determining where the printing plant was to be established. Your community appealed to the committee because it is clean; not only clean morally, but clean physically.
With shady avenues, paved streets, cement leadership with national goals. Its program was centered on agitation, legislation and law enforcement. From the very more money, some even offered to buy the land and put up the building for the printing plant. Others promised even larger years of the 20th century brought greater success. Initially, the League wanted to make the country dry, not by national Constitution that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages. With 300,000 donors and a give, sell, barter or in any way dispose of, either by retail or wholesale....wine, fermented cider, ale, porter, lager beer or towns in Ohio are seeking to secure this (headquarters) building and (printing) plant, but Westerville from its central NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 3 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio electric railroad connections, and with Otterbein University, which for the last fifty years has been an institution of high righteousness, Christian temperance and the destruction of the liquor traffic." Upon its selection by the ASLA, the town celebrated with a chorus of church, college and school bells, and victory proximity to the state capital, we have none of the corresponding high rents, high-priced real estate, and places of vice and immorality." Editorialized the Public Opinion, "It is estimated that about 200 people will come to Westerville to live because of the location of the Anti-Saloon League headquarters here.
Watch Westerville grow." The Anti-Saloon League of America came officially and grandly to Westerville on February 12, 1909, not by coincidence the 100# birthday of teetotaling Abraham Lincoln. The town celebrated with morning ceremonies and an afternoon parade, and the ASLA officially accepted its offer of the 10-acre site and two houses on South State Street from the president of the Westerville Board of Trade. Shortly after, the American Issue Publishing Company (AIPC) was incorporated as the holding company for the Anti-Saloon League. The ASLA occupied the two Westerville houses as its national headquarters and built a large printing plant, which was dedicated in October 1909. From this printing headquarters 40 tons of anti-alcohol material poured every month by 1915, with the result that Westerville became the smallest town in America to have a first-class post office.
The AIPC's most widely-circulated publication was American Issue, which was printed in separate state editions as well as in a national edition. Other publications included the American Patriot, New Republic, National Daily, and the Anti-Saloon League Yearbook. The plant operated 24 hours a day and employed 200 people. Trains stopped daily and picked up carloads of the anti-alcohol printed material as the movement toward Prohibition gained momentum in the late 1910s. Once assured that Prohibition would be ratified, the leaders of the Anti-Saloon League turned their attention to eradicating alcoholism worldwide, founding the World League Against Alcoholism in 1919.
Headquartered in Westerville and London, the World League worked as a central organization serving affiliate churches and temperance societies, providing organizations, the Scientific Temperance Foundation and the Intercollegiate Prohibition Association, as the scientific research department and youth department respectively. The ASLA continued to be active during the 1920s, publishing the six-volume Standard Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem, edited by Ernest Cherrington, between 1924 and 1930. While it gained success with national Prohibition, the Anti-Saloon League of America faced its most difficult challenge in the enforcement of the law. The ASLA's Department of Legislation worked to provide guidelines and demonstrate authority for enforcing the laws, but little could be done to put the laws into practice without governmental support.
After Prohibition and the effects of the Depression had caused a sharp decline in financial support for the Anti-Saloon League which remained at the headquarters building in Westerville for nearly 40 more years, until 1973. This building still stands and has been integrated into the Westerville Public Library. 13 years of bootlegging and speakeasies,the 18Amendment was finally repealed in1933.By 1934,the end of walks, natural gas, artesian wells, pure water, sanitary sewers, electric lights and a good water plant, with steam and grade in all its social, political, intellectual, moral and religious life, laying special emphasis on the cause of civic financially as some other villages would, but you will find that our hearts are larger than our pocketbooks. With our advice, exhibits, literature, posters, speakers and research.
In the 1920s, the World League was joined by two earlier and the World League Against Alcoholism. The result was that they merged into the Temperance Education Foundation, NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 4 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio The Anti-Saloon Leaguers to their liking as a God-fearing, liquor-hating, family-friendly town. These were men who were country-bred, many were ordained ministers, and they were dedicated anti-urban insurgents. According to historian Richard Hofstadter, the anti- drinking masses, to the pleasurers and amenities of urban life..." As league founder Howard Hyde Russell said at the cities.
For seven years, I have seen a little something of what this means in New York City, the metropolitan and cosmopolitan maelstrom of our land....We need the influence from the peaceful countrysides which shall gather force and momentum and sweep wavelike upon our cities, so that total abstinence from alcoholic drinks shall at last become popular Being country-bred did not mean that these were uneducated or unskilled men, in fact just the opposite.
A publication of the liquor interests at the time cautioned that the Anti-Saloon League was not peopled by fanatics but rather by "men with unusual ability, financial capitalists with very long purses, subscribed to by hundreds of thousands of men, women and children who are solicited by their various churches, advised by well paid attorneys of great ability..." These were the men who brought their families to Westerville and built or occupied homes in the Temperance Row neighborhood starting in 1910. Among the roles they assumed with the Anti-Saloon League of America were superintendent, assistant ASLA manager, field agent, cartoonist and accountant. Below is a discussion of each of the Anti-Saloon Leaguers who resided in the neighborhood during the period of significance, with the associated property identified by address and map number.
It should be noted that other Anti-Saloon League leaders, as well as printing plant and office workers, lived in scattered locations in Westerville during this time. The Temperance Row neighborhood is distinctive, however, for its high concentration of homes built for or occupied by ASLA executives and managers. Rev. Purley A. Baker, General Superintendent 131 West Park Street (map 1), 67 S.Grove Street (map 2),145 W.Park Street (map 16) Cobblestone garage at 60 University Avenue As the General Superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of America, it was Purley Baker who brought his organization to Westerville and purchased the original 11½-acre tract that became home to so many of the Anti-Saloon League organizers and managers.
Born on a farm in Jackson County, Ohio, in 1858, Baker fought liquor as a Methodist Episcopal minister for 16 years before answering the call in 1896 to join the staff of the three-year-old Anti-Saloon League in Columbus. Rising to ASLA general superintendent in1903,he put the league in the national temperance movement spotlight by spearheading the defeat of incumbent Ohio Gov. Myron T. Herrick and winning passage of countywide local- option liquor legislation. Within three months, 57 counties voted "dry," closing 1,910 saloons in Ohio. Baker and his wife Lillie built "Greendale," the home he called "the last stop this side of heaven" on his newly purchased commanded the forces of the league as they spread the dry message across the country.
While he was in command, the decision was made to move toward national prohibition and the successful passage of the 18t amendment was achieved Several months before Purley Baker died at home in 1924, he and Lillie donated their house to the league for a library. in these great metropolitan centers in our land." The organizers of the Anti-Saloon League who came to Westerville in 1909 found the quiet community to be very much time, "I know how hard it is outside our larger centers to appreciate the tides of intemperance that swirl about the great NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 5 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio The front rooms of the home were converted into editorial offices, and it was here that the six-volume Standard Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem was completed between 1924 and 1930. In 1930, the league offered the lower floor of Greendale to house a community library, marking the founding of the Westerville Public Library. The library remained here for a few years before moving to the second floor of the new municipal building. The property was sold by the American Issue Publishing Company in 1935. After several years of private ownership, the Baker property became the president's home for Otterbein College in 1947.
In return for their donation of Greendale to the league, the Bakers were given a $75-a-month annuity and a two-bedroom and Lillie Baker are buried in a custom-built cobblestone mausoleum a block south in Otterbein Cemetery that is inscribed with Proverbs 11:18: "He that soweth righteousness hath a sure reward." Prior to moving into Greendale in 1910, Purley and Lillie Baker lived first in the c. 1855 frame cottage that had previously existed on the property when purchased by them in 1909. It was moved to its current location by the Bakers. Later, this house at 145 West Park Street was occupied as a caretaker's house for the Baker property. William E. and Mary Banks are listed as caretakers residing there in 1913. Banks also delivered milk for Baker's Greendale Dairy.
The house remained a caretaker's cottage until being sold by the American Issue Publishing Company along with the Baker property in 1935. Rev. Howard Hyde Russell, ASLA Founder, General Secretary Lincoln-Lee Legion 79 South Grove Street (map 3) Rev. Howard Hyde Russell was renowned as the founder of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League, which he started in Oberlin, Ohio, in 1893. Born in 1855 to missionaries in the Minnesota Territory, Russell as a young man drove cattle, herded sheep and taught school in Colorado, ran county schools and a small-town newspaper and then practiced law in lowa, where he married his partner's daughter, Lillian Davis. Moved by his wife to spiritual revival and abstinence from liquor, he took his young family to Ohio in 1883, studied theology at Oberlin College and became a Congregational minister. From his pulpit, Rev.
Russell worked against "Demon Rum" in northern Ohio, Kansas City and Chicago's south side before opening the office of his new Anti-Saloon League in Columbus in 1894. He merged the Ohio league with other Anti-Saloon League, later re-named the Anti-Saloon League of America. Russell billed the league as "The Church in Action Against the Saloon," and enlisted support from Columbus's heavyweight ministers, Catholic Bishop John A. Watterson and nationally-prominent Washington Gladden of First Congregational Church. From 1897 to 1901, he headquartered the national office in Delaware, Ohio, while his daughter attended college there. He then ran the New York before selling it to fellow Anti-Saloon Leaguer Ernest H. Cherrington (see below) in 1915. After that, they resided in a two-story frame house across from Otterbein College, which is no longer extant. During his years in the house at 79 S.
Grove, Russell was the general secretary of the Lincoln-Lee Legion, the abstinence pledge-signing arm of the ASLA which he had created in 1903. For this work he had a staff that included assistant secretary Milo Kelser, and field secretaries Paul Kelser and Chester Johnson. With long white hair under a wide-brimmed hat, flowing black cape and Russell and his wife Lillian built the large house at 79 South Grove in 1910 after being informed by Purley Baker that the house to be built next door at 67 S. Grove. Lillie Baker lived in the new home until felled by a stroke in 1929. Both Purley to abstinence pledges and personally raised $4 million to fuel the massive ASLA political and propaganda machine. tract was available for building, the second house on "Temperance Row." The Russells lived in the home only five years NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 6 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio endowed a campus temperance speech contest and twice received honorary doctorates from the college. He retired from the league in 1937 and died at age 90 in a Westerville nursing home in 1946. Upon his passing, the Westerville Public Opinion wrote, "Dr. Russell, in a sense, is Westerville, because he has grown and lived with the town. Largely through his efforts this community was picked out for the national headquarters of one of the most influential organizations in the activities literally put Westerville 'on the map."" Ernest H.
Cherrington, Editor and Publisher, General Manager, American Issue Publishing Company 79 South Grove Street (map 3), 37-47 University Street (map 18), Elmwood Place Addition except the legal department. His most significant role was editor-in-chief of the American Issue, the Anti-Saloon League Street. As an editor and writer, Cherrington held a deep-seated belief that the alcohol problem would be solved ultimately next election but by the next generation." Moving from Chicago to Westerville in 1909, he occupied a home on Park Street before purchasing the Russell home at 79 South Grove in 1915. He lived there with his wife Betty and children for 10 years before selling the home to the league for use as offices in 1925. Cherrington was born in Hamden, Ohio, in 1877. He attended Ohio Wesleyan University.
After teaching public school for a time in Ross County, Ohio, he turned to journalism and temperance, becoming editor of the Kingston Tribune in 1900. The following year he began working for the Ohio Anti-Saloon League. In his early years with the league, Cherrington to superintendent for the state of Washington. In 1909 he was appointed editor in chief of the American Issue and the following year was named manager of the American Issue Publishing Company. He was also editor of the American Patriot from 1912 to 1916 and of the National Daily from 1915 to 1916, two other national publications published in In 1913, leading a march the New York Times called the largest prohibition demonstration ever held in Washington, Cherrington presented the ASLA's draft of a constitutional amendment outlawing the manufacture, sale and transportation of intoxicating liquor.
Over the next five years, he shipped as many as four to five tons of temperance literature every working day from Westerville, finally celebrating national Prohibition with an editorial in American Issue citing "the emancipation of a nation ... a higher civilization." In 1919 he founded and headed the World League Against Alcoholism, published a yearbook from 1908 to 1932 and edited the six-volume Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem from 1924 to 1930. He also wrote three books on the temperance movement. In 1936 he became the executive secretary of the A lasting legacy of Ernest Cherrington in Westerville is his role as a community promoter and developer of several subdivisions. His first was the 20-lot Elmwood subdivision (in the Temperance Row Historic District) which he laid out Westerville. Library in 1973.
Ernest Cherrington worked with the Anti-Saloon League for 35 years, during which time he directed every department also headquartered in Westerville, with the goal of taking the temperance cause world-wide. Methodist Church's Board of Temperance in Washington, D.C., for 12 years, before returning to Westerville in 1948. He nation's history - the Anti-Saloon League. Irrespective of individual opinions of the league, the fact remains that its publication that was printed at the sprawling publishing plant next to the ASLA national headquarters on South State through education of the public, especially the youth.
He liked to say that the alcohol problem would be cured "not by the moved up through the ranks from superintendent of the Canton district, to assistant Ohio state superintendent, and finally Cherrington amassed a huge library of books and other printed materials at the publishing headquarters in Westerville. He died in Worthington in 1950. His personal papers and massive temperance collection were given to the Westerville Public NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 7 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio south of the Baker and Russell homes in 1911.
In 1915, he platted 30 lots in the Glenwood subdivision located south of the ASLA offices and later developed 58 lots in the Walnut Park subdivision to the east of the printing plant. His largest development was Westerville Park in the south end of the village, containing 159 building lots which he developed in the 1920s and 1930s. Cherrington was president of the Board of Trade for a time; today a Westerville park, street and school bear his name. Rev. Milo G. Kelser, Lecture Bureau Manager 101 South Grove Street (map 4) Milo G. Kelser was a 38-year-old Methodist minister in northern Ohio when Howard Hyde Russell persuaded him to move to Westerville in 1910 to join the Anti-Saloon League effort. He and his wife Leona purchased a lot from Ernest Cherrington and built this two-story frame house just south of the Russell home in 1912.
Kelser spent 15 years with the ASLA as field manager of the league's Lecture Bureau. Through his efforts, speakers such as William Jennings Bryan, ex-Ohio Governor Frank Willis, William "Pussyfoot" Johnson, and his brother Paul Kelser traveled across the country, spreading the "dry" gospel and raising funds. He also worked with Howard Hyde Russell as assistant secretary of the Lincoln-Lee Legion. Outside of the league work, Kelser was active in the Westerville Methodist Episcopal Church, where he was editor of a weekly newsletter, president of the Brotherhood, Sunday school superintendent and financial secretary. Leona Kelser was elected three times to the Westerville School Board and served as clerk of the board from 1926-1948. Milo Kelser suffered a stroke and died at home in 1925; his wife died in Westerville in 1959. Rev. Thomas M. Hare, State ASLA Manager Rev. Thomas M.
Hare headed five state Anti-Saloon Leagues and the one in the District of Columbia, also working there briefly as national legislative superintendent. Fresh from a four-year constitutional battle that turned West Virginia "dry" in 1912, he and his wife Addie came to Westerville and built this house in Ernest Cherrington's Elmwood subdivision. Row. Raised on a farm in Washington Court House, Ohio, Hare began his Anti-Saloon League work in 1900 as the head of the league's Canton and then Cleveland offices. He went on to serve as state superintendent in Wisconsin, South Carolina, Maryland and West Virginia before moving to Westerville. He also directed the Ohio league from 1923 to 1925. After his wife died in 1927, Rev. Hare sold the house to Rand Dustman, publicity director of the national league, and returned to Washington Court House.
He bought the house back in 1929 and served as a supply pastor at the Grandview Heights Methodist Church in suburban Columbus. He died at age 76 in 1939. Samuel Fickel, Managing Editor, American Issue Sam Fickel started with the Anti-Saloon League in 1899 as a field worker in Cleveland. As a writer, editor, speaker and cartoonist, Fickel spent most of the next four decades with the league. Before coming to Westerville, he worked for the Illinois Anti-Saloon League for 15 years as assistant superintendent of the Chicago district and editor of the Illinois the national publication and Fickel moved with his wife Bessie and two children to Westerville, building this home in the on Grove Street and worshipped at the Westerville Methodist Episcopal Church.
In November 1933, two weeks after Like League founder Howard Hyde Russell, he was a lawyer and ordained preacher, the fourth minister on Temperance Elmwood allotment in 1916. Together, Cherrington and Fickel ran the paper for 18 years, raised their sons and daughters edition of the league's American Issue newspaper.In October 1915,Ernest Cherrington named him managing editor of NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 8 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Americans voted the country "wet," Fickel resigned from the league, writing to Cherrington that he needed to "devote my full time to the preparation and dating of a chalk-talk lecture, upon which I am pinning my entire hope and expectation for worker for the Methodist temperance board. Both later returned to Westerville. Fickel died there in 1956. Rev. Edward Jay Moore, Assistant General Superintendent, ASLA 159 W. Park Street (map 17) Methodist minister and attorney Edward Jay Moore came to Westerville in 1915 as assistant general superintendent of the ASLA under Purley Baker and moved with his wife Lu into this four-bedroom house that Baker built that year.
Moore entered the Ohio league in 1901 after pastorates in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington, and Cleveland and Ravenna, Ohio, He also ran leagues in Missouri for four years and Pennsylvania for three years. During WWI, the league sent him to died there in 1935. Charles E. Watts, Printing Plant Superintendent 108 South Grove Street (map 8) Charles E. Watts was hired as superintendent of the American Issue Publishing Company plant in Westerville, building this Craftsman bungalow in the Temperance Row neighborhood in 1913. He remained at the plant for 13 years, workers at the height of its production. In about 1926, Watts moved to Sandusky, Ohio, to manage a private printing business, but returned to Westerville in 1928 when he went to work as foreman of the University Press plant at Ohio State University. He died in Berea, Ohio, in 1939 at the age of 67. W.
Chester Johnson, Harry Sowers 115 University Street (map 28) W. Chester Johnson was at Howard Hyde Russell's side from the beginning, from their anti-liquor mission days in Chicago to the Ohio Anti-Saloon League's formative years in Columbus to their move to Westerville. In 1914, he built first clerked for the Ohio league and was in charge of an early rendition of Russell's pledge-signing Lincoln-Lee Legion. He worked many years in the field for Russell and Lecture Bureau chief Milo Kelser. The house was occupied in 1918-1919 by Harry B. Sowers, who came from Cleveland to become assistant general manager of the American Issue Publishing Company. He later served as chief financial officer of the publishing company, In addition, Walter G. Clippinger, president of Otterbein College for 30 years, lived in the house in retirement from 1940- 1948 (outside of the period of significance).
He was also president of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League in the 1930s. this large Craftsman five-bedroom house in the Elmwood subdivision, southwest of Russell's Grove street home.Johnson a living this winter." Five years later, the two were reunited in Washington, D.C., when Cherrington hired Fickel as a field overseeing the tremendous volume of printed material that was generated during that time. The plant employed some 200 the Anti-Saloon League of America, the World League Against Alcoholism and the Temperance Education Foundation. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 9 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Rev. John G. Schaibly, Ohio ASLA Field Agent 181 W. Walnut Street (map 29) Methodist minister John G.
Schaibly built this roomy Craftsman bungalow in Cherrington's Elmwood subdivision in 1914. He was an Ohio Anti-Saloon League field agent for five years. He left the league and the neighborhood after 24 Russell A. Henderson, American Issue Publishing Company Cartoonist 92 University Street (map 30) Russell Henderson built this rustic bungalow in 1920, living here with his wife Gladys. He was the cartoonist for the American Issue newspaper in 1915, then spent a year in Virginia enlivening the editorial page of the League's daily Examples of Henderson's political cartoons are attached to this nomination. Rev. Charles H. Sowers, Manager of the Contributions Department 126 W. Plum Street (map 11) County native and 1888 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University, he served Methodist churches in Columbus and five other towns. Sowers died at home in 1942.
His wife, Margaret, sister of the Arkansas Anti-Saloon League superintendent, died in Westerville in 1953. Clione Bailey, Literature Department 68 South Grove Street (map 12) this house at 68 South Grove from her brother, who lived across the street at that time. Clione died in Westerville in 1938 president of Otterbein College for six years and later was head of the Office of International Students at Ohio State Charles Dehnhoff, American Issue Publishing Company employee Charles A. Dehnhoff worked for the American Issue Publishing Company (AIPC) for 17 years, mostly carrying interoffice mail and messages. He lived in this home with his wife Olive and daughter Hazel who both also worked at When he died in 1931 at age 71, a Public Opinion editorial recognized his behind-the-scenes value to the cause as "a true University.
friend to all, thoughtful, considerate, accommodating...thorough, painstaking and dependable." AIPC.The house was built in about 1912. Dehnhoff was still working as a messenger and living here in the 1930 Census. Rev. Charles Sowers came to Westerville in 1912 to take charge of the Anti-Saloon League's Contributions Department She and daughters Ruth and Helen moved to Westerville in 1917 after her husband's death in Gallia County, Ohio, buying American Issue Publishing Company, creating political cartoons for the cause. He began composing cartoons for the Richmond Virginian. In 1918 he returned to Westerville and continued producing cartoons for the League's publications. and lived the rest of his life at 126 W. Plum, across the street from the Russell/Cherrington residence.
A Muskingum Clione Bailey was head of the Literature Department of the Anti-Saloon League under her brother, Ernest Cherrington. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 10 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Paul P. Kelser, Debater In the mid-1920s, one of the Anti-Saloon League's frequent newsmakers was Paul Kelser, younger brother of Lecture Bureau Manager Milo Kelser. His dramatized debates on the question, "Can the law be enforced?" attracted large crowds and helped league coffers. For example, 44 North Carolina debates held over only 35 days in the spring of 1924 drew 3,500 people and netted $8,422. Paul Kelser came to Westerville in 1912.
He joined his brother as a canvasser in the league's abstinence-pledging department. His wife Ivah played the organ at the Methodist Episcopal Church for 35 years and was in charge of the church's dining room. In addition to living in this home, the Kelser family also lived at 91 University Street for a time, part of the Elmwood subdivision. Paul Kelser died in Westerville in 1961, his wife in 1972. Harry C. Gibson, Field Agent 111 West Park Street (map 14) Kelser for three years. Gibson was a federal Prohibition agent from 1922-1924 in Minneapolis and Cleveland and worked for the Ohio Prohibition Commission in 1925-1926. He had political ambitions and ran seventh among 11 Republican primary candidates for Ohio governor in 1926. Oscar G. Christgau, Assistant General Superintendent 75 University Street (map 20) in 1924, he brought Christgau to Westerville as his assistant.
Christgau lived for two years at 75 University Street before moving to Washington with McBride. Jeptha C. Caris, Accountant, American Issue Publishing Company Jeptha Caris was an accountant for the American Issue Publishing Company from 1913-1928 and served as Westerville village auditor from 1925-1948. He built the house at 87 University Street in the Elmwood subdivision in 1922, and lived here until his death in 1969. The house remains in the family today. Robert W. Moran, ASL Field Agent 21 Elmwood Place (map 33) Robert W. Moran, an Anti-Saloon League field agent for three years, lived at 21 Elmwood Place from 1915-1919. He and his wife Ethel came to Westerville from Licking County and moved to Chillicothe in 1919. The tract of land on which the Temperance Row neighborhood developed was originally a farm owned by Abraham and Leah Winter in the mid-19* century.
At his death in 1857, Winter willed the "homestead property on which we reside" Neighborhood Development and Architectural Significance Scott McBride.When McBride succeeded Purley Baker as general superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of America Oscar G. Christgau was the editor of the Illinois edition of American Issue, working under Illinois state superintendent F. (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 11 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio containing about 13 acres to his widow Leah and three daughters. The tract was bounded on the east by Grove Street, on the south by the cemetery, on the west by Alum Creek and on the north by South Street (later Park Street).
This property is shown on the 1872 Atlas of Franklin County with a dwelling fronting on South Street (Park Street) and the identified in-law John Guitner. In 1887, the tract was sold by Guitner to Frank and Rebecca Houghton. In the recorded abstract for this tract, the property was always described as containing 11½ acres plus a 1¼ acre parcel at the southwest corner. The 1872 atlas also shows that the property on the east side of Grove Street had been previously platted and was partially built up with residential buildings. Two of the district properties on South Grove Street date from this previous development. insight into Baker's plan for the property is revealed in an August 26, 1909 letter on ASLA letterhead from Westerville addressed to Mr. E. H.
Cherrington at Chicago, where he relays that "I have purchased the eleven and one-half acre tract of land lying between the University in Westerville and the Cemetery. Russell wants a quarter or third of it. If you want a would like to have Cherrington and me do the same. He argues with some reason that we can all get a better contract if we can offer three houses for bids." Baker had begun construction on Greendale by April 1910, with Russell shortly to follow with his home in June 1910. An article in the Public Opinion dated April 14, 1910, headlined "Private park will surround homes of Drs. P. A. Baker and the old Houghton place, has a beautiful ravine running through it. Landscape gardeners are at work and the Alum creek front will be made especially beautiful. Ernest H. Cherrington, editor of the American Issue, has the property south of Dr.
Russell and he will erect a fine house and beautify the grounds." Both Baker and Russell built their homes in that year (it is not known if they used the same builder). Ernest Cherrington opted instead to reside in a home on Park Street and to develop his part of the property as the Elmwood Addition, which he platted the following year. to develop his property with an agrarian purpose. By 1913 he had built both a greenhouse (from which he sold tomato and cabbage plants in 1914) and a sanitary milk house from which he operated a dairy delivery service (he had purchased a local milk route in 1912). Lillian Baker, for her part, had an interest in gardening, according to local historians, and created a sunken garden behind the house, following the contour of the land.
While these features are no longer extant, one remaining structure from the Bakers' occupancy is the unique cobblestone garage located down a slope from the Baker house and now associated with the property at 60 University Street. In addition, the original cottage sold by Frank their house and greenhouse, and was the home of the property's caretaker during the Baker occupancy. The type of building that the Bakers chose for Greendale is a Craftsman bungalow. Having been raised in the Ohio better for the human spirit, Purley Baker would have been attracted to the Craftsman idea being popularized at the time by Gustav Stickley and his magazine, The Craftsman. In 1909, Stickley published Craftsman Homes: Architecture and Furnishings of the Arts and Crafts Movement.
In it, he describes his wish "that the Craftsman house may...be instrumental in helping to establish in America a higher ideal, not only of beautiful architecture, but of home life." He The 11/ acre tract at the "old Houghton place"was the exact property purchased by Purley Baker in 1909.An interesting property owner as L.Winters (sic).Leah Winter died in 1877,and the property was purchased at a public sale by her son- NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 The Baker property occupied the northern third of the tract while Russell's property occupied about half as much land in the center of the tract.
Having chosen a rural location at the edge of town containing several acres of land, Baker was able slice of it, make up your mind as soon as possible." Baker pushed the concept of the three leaders building at the same time, as Howard Hyde Russell wrote in a letter to his wife Lillian in October, 1909: "Baker will build in the Spring. He H. H. Russell" described the development: "Dr. P.A. Baker is putting in the foundation for his fine new home at the corner of Grove and Park streets facing the college campus. His property and that of Dr. Russell adjoining it on the south, countryside and believing, as other members of the Anti-Saloon League did, that a simple and wholesome country life is (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 12 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio We see everywhere efforts to reform social, political and industrial conditions; the desire to bring about better in the conviction that the root of all reform lies in the individual and that the life of the individual is shaped mainly by the commercial mill." As a reformer intent on individual responsibility, Purley Baker undoubtedly would have agreed Another concept promoted by Stickley in the same 1909 article was a movement toward natural living.
Using natural materials to blend with the environment is an important part of this concept, but he also promoted a return to cultivating the soil as part of a wholesome country life: "This, in brief, is the whole idea of the Craftsman home, - a pleasant supply for the family. Such a home, by its very nature, would be permanent and, with the right kind of education and healthful occupation for the children, would do much to stop the flow of population into the great commercial centers and to insure a more even division of prosperity throughout the land." For Purley and Lillie Baker, this included the introduction of a greenhouse and dairy, both of which they used to supplement their income. Like many bungalows, the large size of the Baker home is masked by the use of the broad recessed front porch and second-story dormer, demonstrating modesty and restraint.
The house takes advantage of the site, with a full lower level in its detail, but has characteristic Craftsman features that include battered piers at the porch, exposed purlins at the eaves, and multi-paned windows. The interior features natural woodwork and a large recessed fireplace in the living room. The foundation material used for this building is limestone, although Baker's interest in cobblestone is clear from the use of it in both the former garage and in his mausoleum at Otterbein Cemetery. Interestingly, Gustav Stickley included an article in the same 1909 publication entitled, "The Effective Use of Cobblestones." Cobblestones were a locally-available material found in Alum Creek.
While it is not known if Baker was familiar with Stickley's writings, he set a Craftsman tone for the neighborhood that was followed in many of the homes built for his fellow reformers over the next two decades. Included in the mix are both highly stylized and rustic bungalows, simple two-story gabled dwellings, and American Four Squares. These building types and styles were suited to both the natural setting of the neighborhood as well as the sensibilities of their owners. While it is possible that some of these homes had architects associated with the design, no evidence could be found of any professional involvement. However, certain shared attributes of some of the homes leads to speculation that they were constructed by the same builder, who made use of common designs and materials.
It is likely that other, more modest homes in the district were derived from plan books that were popular in the early 1900s. As a developer, Ernest The home built for Howard Hyde Russell at 79 S. Grove in 1910 might be considered a hybrid that contains elements of and flared eaves. The height of the first story's brick walls, which extend to the sills of the second floor windows, gives the effect of a Prairie-style frieze at the top of the house. The front porch is a classical rounded pediment, while two built- in benches derive from the Craftsman style. The Russell house, while more "showy" in terms of ornamentation than the Baker home, is still largely restrained. In addition to the house, Russell built a three-car garage with servant's quarters above, located to the west of the house (no longer extant).
The three homes constructed to the south of the Russell property on Grove Street are more modest than either the Baker or Russell homes. As all three were built by Anti-Saloon Leaguers brought to Westerville to work for the organization, this NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 opportunities for all ... But while we take the greatest interest in all efforts toward reform in any direction, we remain firm home surroundings and influences and by the kind of education that goes to make real men and women instead of grist for comfortable dwelling situated on a piece of ground large enough to yield, under proper cultivation, a great part of the food exposed at the rear where the land slopes, again making the home appear smaller than it actually is. It is extremely simple goes on to say: "There is no question now as to the reality of the world-wide movement in the direction of better things.
Cherrington might have relied upon these sources to have ready designs available for his buyers or himself. (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 13 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio completed what many referred to locally as "Temperance Row."They include the American Four Square at 101 S. Grove, built by Milo Kelser in 1912; the Craftsman-influenced tile and stucco house with massive cobblestone front porch at 109 S. Grove, built by Rev. Thomas Hare in 1913; and the simple Craftsman-influenced two-story frame house with front porch at 117 S. Grove, built by Samuel Fickel in 1916. Architecturally, the neighborhood's Craftsman bungalows are among its most outstanding homes.
Iwo are the architecturally distinctive frame Crattsman homes located at the foot of University Street, adjacent to Otterbein Cemetery and overlooking Alum Creek. The house at 181 W. Walnut is a traditional bungalow form while the house at 115 University is a modified bungalow turned on its side with a screened-in porch. Built for ASLA field workers in 1914, these buildings are very similar in style and construction, with shared features that include the extensive use of cobblestones for foundation, porch and chimneys; knee-brace brackets at the eaves; and identical windows and window trim. Two other significant bungalows in the district are very rustic, with a low profile and simple materials. One is located at 108 S. Grove and was built in 1913 for the superintendent of the American Issue Publishing Company printing plant.
The second is located at 92 University Street and was built in 1920 for Russell Henderson, the ASLA's political cartoonist. The two have shingle siding, low-sloping gabled roofs and knee-brace brackets. The Grove Street example also features a long and shallow shed dormer with pair of windows. The University Street house is notable for its cobblestone foundation, porch supports and massive chimney. Among the more modest homes of the neighborhood from the 1910s and 1920s are the simple frame bungalows built at 83, 85, 87 and 89 University Street, built between 1920 and 1928. Larger homes from the same period include the gable- front house with knee-brace brackets and broad front porch at 159 Park Street, built on part of Purley Baker's property for his Assistant General Superintendent in 1915, and the American Four Square houses located at 58 South Grove Street and 111 W.
Park Street, built c. 1912. A departure from these developments of the same period is the "Flats," the brick six- unit rowhouse constructed in 1917 by Ernest Cherrington at the corner of University and Park. contained photos of the Baker, Russell, Kelser and Hare homes on South Grove Street with the caption "Misstatements of "photographs of residence properties owned by brewery proprietors of Columbus, together with other real estate...that they own or control. In contrast with these illustrations are pictures of hovels along the Scioto River and in other sections of the city where they exist.
The purpose of all this is to draw a moral, and the moral is that those engaged in the manufacture and sale of malt liquors can afford to live in palatial residences and own business property of large value, while the alleged victims of drink are forced to reside in almost uninhabitable hovels." Striking back, the sponsors of the ad showed pictures of "the palatial homes of some of the officials of the Anti-Saloon League in Westerville. By way of contrast, pictures taken of some shacks in that dry town are also presented, one of which is within 200 feet of the property grounds, the homes at Westerville owned by Anti-Saloon League officials will stand out as the equal of any possessed by Ernest Cherrington, who purchased the Russell property in 1915 and remained there until 1925, was never quite comfortable with the dichotomy.
As his son, Ernest Cherrington, Jr., documented, "I think it bothered him at times that we lived for a decade in the finest house in Westerville, beside the large house of the superintendent of the National Anti- Saloon League, on South Grove Street. He cared not a whit that the liquor trade journals referred to that street as Home Rule Opponents." It was written in opposition to a bulletin from the Franklin County Dry Federation that contained those who are in control of breweries in the city of Columbus. The argument that the manufacture of beer is a profitable 21 Elmwood Place in 1912 and at 91 University Street c.
1920, as well as the row of gable-front two-story frame homes at Despite the relatively modest designs of the houses, Temperance Row was not without its critics at the time, who called it "Grafter's Row." A political advertisement that appeared in the Columbus Dispatch on October 31, 1914, is revealing. It of a prominent officer of the Anti-Saloon League."The advertisement argued "In point of beauty and magnificence of investment is answered by the fact that it is no less profitable to serve in an official capacity against it." NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 8 Page 14 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio should enjoy more than the average level of comfort." activists continued their anti-alcohol work, focusing on enforcement and education. Importantly, both the Baker and Russell/Cherrington properties were used by the ASLA through the end of Prohibition, keeping a strong temperance focus in the neighborhood. Purley Baker had donated his home to the league for use as a library in 1923 and Ernest Cherrington Original league families still residing in the neighborhood at the time of the 1930 Census included Leona Kelser, widow of Milo Kelser, at 101 S. Grove; Rev. Thomas Hare at 109 S. Grove; Charles Dehnhoff, AIPC messenger, at 58 S. Grove; Clione Bailey at 68 S.
Grove; Charles Sowers, ASLA department manager, at 126 W. Plum; and Jeptha Caris, auditor, at 87 University. In addition, a variety of other occupations were represented in the neighborhood at that time, including lumberman Wilson Cellar at 141 West Park Street was added to the neighborhood in 1934-35. Following the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, circumstances demanded change. The holdings of the Anti-Saloon League in Westerville were folded into a new organization, the Temperance Education Foundation, in 1934. The American Issue 1934; 67 S. Grove in September, 1934; and Greendale (known then as Baker Memorial Library) at 131 W. Park in 1935, all to private owners. The Temperance Education Foundation continued to use the original headquarters and printing plant torn down in 1982.
Today, as the residential district most closely associated with the Anti-Saloon League and its leaders, the Temperance Row Historic District stands as an important reminder of the progress they made during the early years of the 20# century toward temperance reform. Its recognition on the National Register will help to document and illustrate Westerville's significant role in the national temperance movement as the headquarters of the Anti-Saloon League of America, a standing which earned it the unofficial title of "The Dry Capital of the World." The only other remaining building closely donated to the organization in 1909. This building, connected now to the Westerville Public Library, houses the Anti- Saloon League Museum, which contains a collection of temperance memorabilia and materials related to this significant grass-roots political movement.
In the years following successful passage of the 18 amendment, the Anti-Saloon League of America and its Westerville 'Grafter's Row,' but it was perhaps out of character that one who engaged in what we would now call 'social service' teacher, carpenter, oil producer, insurance salesman, airport manager and state highway inspector. The home of associated with the Anti-Saloon League in Westerville is the original headquarters building on South State Street that was had sold his property to the American Issue Publishing Company for use as offices in 1925. For the next nine years, these buildings, along with the original S. State Street headquarters and printing plant, continued to be used by the ASLA. Publishing Company began almost immediately to divest itself of its residential properties, selling 79 S. Grove in June, NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.
1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 9 Page 1 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio American Issue, American Issue Publishing Co., Westerville, Ohio, 1908-1933. Caldwell's Atlas of Franklin County, Ohio. 1872. Cherrington, Ernest H., Ed., The Anti-Saloon League Yearbook. American Issue Publishing Co., Westerville, Ohio, 1908- Cherrington, Ernest H., History of the Anti-Saloon League. Westerville: American Issue Publishing Co., 1913. Westerville, Ohio 1925-1930. Dohn, Norman Harding. The History of the Anti-Saloon League. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1976. Duchscherer, Paul, Beyond the Bungalow: Grand Homes in the Arts & Crafts Tradition. Salt Lake City: Gibbs Smith, Engelmann, Larry, Intemperance. New York: The Free Press, 1979.
Ewin, James Lithgow, The Birth of the Anti-Saloon League. Washington, D.C., 1913. Franklin County Auditor. Tax Assessment records, Westerville. Furnas, J.C., The Life and Times of the Late Demon Rum. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1965. Jimerson, Randall C., et. al., Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Temperance and Prohibition Papers, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977. Kerr, K. Austin, Organized for Prohibition. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn., 1985. Kobler, John, Ardent Spirits. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1973. Lee, Henry, How Dry We Were. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1963. Lien, Jerry, The Speechmaking of the Anti-Saloon League. University of Southern California, 1968. Odegard, Peter H., Pressure Politics: The Story of the Anti-Saloon League. New York: Columbia University Press, 1928. The Public Opinion, Westerville, Ohio, 1909-present. Reifff, Daniel D.
Houses from Books: Treatises, Pattern Books, and Catalogs in American Architecture, 1738-1950: A History and Guide. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000. Bibliography 1933. 2005. Cherrington,Ernest H.,et.al, Ed.Standard Encyclopedia of the Alcohol Problem.American Issue Publishing Co., (Rev. 10-90) NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 9 Page 2 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Sanborn Map Company, Insurance Maps of Westerville, Ohio. 1913, 1922, 1933, 1942 Stickley, Gustav, ed., Craftsman Bungalows: 59 Homes from The Craftsman. New York: Dover Publications, 1988 Stickley, Gustav, Craftsman Homes: Architecture and Furnishings of the American Arts and Crafts Movement.
New York: The Craftsman Publishing Company, 1909. Stickley, Gustav, More Craftsman Homes. New York: The Craftsman Publishing Company, 1912. United States Federal Census, 1920, 1930 Westerville Public Library, Archives of Local History Research Center, Anti-Saloon League Museum web site, Westerville, Ohio. TEMPERANCE ROW HISTORIC DISTRICT FRANKLIN COUNTY, OHIO 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property. Approximately 11 acres (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 1 17 334916 4443150 3 17 335088 4442891 2 17 334916 4442893 4 17 335108 4443125 - See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title organization_William V. Merriman, Judith B. Williams and Beth A.
Weinhardt _ date_June 26, 2008 street & number_ Westerville Public Library, 126 S. State Street _ telephone city or town_Westerville _state_Ohio _zip code 43081 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Representative black and white photographs of the property. (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name multiple street & number city or town Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings.
Response to this request is required to obtain a instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of Maps Photographs zip code Continuation Sheets Zone Easting Northing Property Owner UTM References Additional items 614-882-7277, ext. 160 A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0.Box 37127,Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 10 Page 1 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio Verbal Boundary Description The district is located in Westerville, Franklin County, Ohio, with the following boundaries: Beginning at the intersection of West Park Street and South Grove Street, go west along Park Street to the west property line of 37-47 University Street; turn south and follow that line to its junction with the north property line of 67-71 University Street; turn west and follow that line to its intersection with the west property line of 67-71 University Street; thereafter, follow the west property lines of properties fronting University Street until reaching the south property line of 115 University Street; turn east and follow the south property lines of 115 University Street and 181 West Walnut Street until the intersection with W.
Walnut Street is reached; turn west on West Walnut Street to the intersection with University Street; go north on University Street to the south property line of 92 University Street; turn east along this line north along the east property lines of the properties fronting on South Grove Street to the intersection with West Park Street; then go west to the point of beginning. The boundaries reflect the 11½-acre tract of land purchased for residential development by Purley Baker after his arrival in Westerville as General Superintendent of the Anti-Saloon League in 1909. This nominated area contains an intact of America beginning in 1910.
In addition to its shared development history, the neighborhood is well defined by natural and institutional land uses on three sides that were present during the period of significance: Alum Creek on the west, histories that are separate and distinct from this neighborhood.) On the south, newer properties on the north side of Walnut Street are outside the district boundaries. On the east, the boundaries are drawn to include properties on the east side of South Grove Street that housed several Anti-Saloon League workers during the early 20# century and that physically relate to the original six "Temperance Row" homes on South Grove Street. Further to the east is a large residential neighborhood dating from the mid-late 19th century that does not share the development history or association with the Anti-Saloon League of America that the Temperance Row Historic District does.
Boundary Justification and continue east along the south property line of 1i7 South Grove Street until South Grove Street is intersected;continue Otterbein College on the north, and Otterbein Cemetery on the south. (Otterbein College and Otterbein Cemetery have in an easterly direction along the south property line of 116 South Grove Street to the east property line of the same; go collection of properties built for or occupied by organizers, managers and workers employed by the Anti-Saloon League NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev.
10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number PHOTOS Page 1 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio The following information is the same for all photographs: Temperance Row Historic District Westerville, Franklin County, Ohio Photos by Judy Williams, 2007-08 1. 131 West Park Street, looking southeast at front elevation 131 West Park Street, looking west at front and east side elevations 3. 67 S. Grove Street, looking west at front elevation 67 and 79 South Grove Street, looking south 79 South Grove Street, looking west at front elevation 79 South Grove Street, looking north at south and east elevations 7. 101 and 79South Grove Street, looking northwest 109 and 117 South Grove Street, looking southwest 10. 117 South Grove Street, looking southwest 11.
Outside district, looking northeast from Walnut and Grove 12. Outside district, looking south on Grove toward Otterbein Cemetery 13. Outside district, looking east on Walnut from Grove Street 14. 108 and 116 South Grove Street, looking south 15. 108 South Grove Street, looking southeast 16. 98 South Grove Street, looking northeast 17. 127 West Plum Street, looking southeast 18.Looking north from the intersection of Grove and Plum 19. Outside district, looking east on Plum Street 20. 58 South Grove Street, looking southeast 21. 111 West Park Street, looking south 22. Outside district, looking north at Otterbein College from Park Street 23. 141 and 145 West Park Street, looking west 25. 145 West Park Street, looking southeast 26. 159 West Park Street, looking west 27.
37-47 University Street, looking south from Park Street 28.67-71, 75 and 77 University Street, looking southwest 29.87 and 85 University Street, looking northwest 30. 89 University Street, looking northwest 33. 115 University Street, looking southwest 34. 181 West Walnut Street, looking southwest 35.181 West Walnut Street, porch detail, looking southwest 36. 181 West Walnut Street and 115 University Street, looking west 37. 92 University Street, looking southeast NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number PHOTOS Page 2 Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio 38. 82 University Street, looking east 39.21 Elmwood Place, looking west toward 83 University Street 40. 142 Elmwood Place, looking northeast 41.
Cobblestone garage, 60 University Street, looking east 42. 60 University Street, looking east Additional images attached to the nomination: 43. Portrait of Purley Baker 44. Portrait of Ernest Cherrington and Howard Russell 45. Portrait of Wayne Wheeler and Purley Baker (front row), James White and Howard Russell (back row) 46. Portrait of Ernest Cherrington 47. Ernest Cherrington in his office 48. Milo Kelser and the Lecture Bureau staff, 101 S. Grove 49. Portrait of Tom Hare, 109 S. Grove 50. Portrait of Samuel Fickel, 117 S. Grove 51. Portrait of Edward J. Moore, 159 W. Park 52. Portrait of Chester Johnson, 115 University 53. Portrait of Robert Moran, 21 Elmwood Place 54. Russell Henderson cartoon in American Issue "And Now for the Big Jump," 1919 55. Russell Henderson cartoon in American Issue "Goliath's Pride," no date 56.
Russell Henderson caricatures in American Issue "Russell Henderson in Washington" 57. American Issue Publishing Co. workforce, 1913 58. In front of printing plant with William Jennings Bryan, 1919 59. Portrait of J.C. Caris, 87 University 60. Purley and Lillie Baker mausoleum, Otterbein Cemetery Franklin County, OHt GROVE ST OCT 3 0 2008 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE TAX INCENTIVE PROGRAM PLUM ST ELMWOOD PL WALNUT ST Non-Contributing Structure Data Sources: USGS, Franklin County Auditor's Office Otterbein Cemetery College Alum Creek * PARKST UNIVERSITY ST 280 Feet 140 Franklin County, OH NATIONAL PARK SERVICE TAX INCENTIVE PROGRAM PLUM ST ELMWOOD PL WALNUT ST 280 Feet Data Sources: OSGS, Franklin County Auditor's Office 140 Otterbein Cemetery Non-Contributing Structure College Alum Creek OCT 3 0 2008 UNIVERSITY ST PARKST GROVEST Temperance Raw H. D., Franklin Co.
O H Temperance Row H.N., Franklin Ca., OH Temperance Row H.D., Franklin County, OH Temperance Row H.D., Franklin County, OH Temperance Row H.D., Franklin County, OHt Temperance Row H.D., Franklin County, OHt Temperance Row H. D.
, Franklin County, OH WATER Temperance Row t, D, PROHIBITION WORLD BOOZE Temperance Row H.O., Franklin County, OH JSSELL HENDERSON IN WASHINGTON Temperance Row H.D., Franklin County, OH Temperance Raw H.D., Franklin County, Olt APRIL 10.1858 MARCH 80,1924 OF THE ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE DECEMBER 8,1857 JUNE 91929 BAKER GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT PURLEY ALBERT BAKER LILLIE GREENE BAKER Or AMERICA 1903 - 1924 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION OTHER : N PDIL: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the RETURN TELEPHONE MULTIPLE 10/17/08 10/07/08 9/03/08 REVIEWER DATE PERIOD: NAME: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NATIONAL PARK SERVICE nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPs.
DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 16TH DAY: APPEAL: N DATA PROBLEM: N STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Franklin DATE OF PENDING LIST: 9/22/08 REFERENCE NUMBER: 08000995 N SLR DRAFT: N NATIONAL: DISCIPLINE Historian Temperance Row Historic District Photo # 1 Ploto # 2 Westerrille, Franklin Co., Ohio Temperance Tow Histnic District Photo # 9 Photo # 10 outside of district STOP outside of district outside of district Temperance Row Histric District Temperance Tow Historic District Photo # 17 Puoto # 18 outside of district Temperance Tow Histric District For Sale B Associates -0700 Photo # 22 outside of district Photo # 23 Temperance Tow Histonic District Temperance Tow Historic District Photo # 27 Photo # 29 Temperance Toow Histoic District Westerrille, Franklin Co., Ohio Temperance Row Historic District Photo # 31 Temperance Tow Histoic District Photo # 32 Ploto # 34 Photo # 35 Photo # 34 Temperance Now Histaic District westerille, Franklin Co., Ohio Photo # 39 Temperance Tow Histaic District J.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY USGS NORTHEAST COLUMBUS QUADRANGLE NORTHEAST COLUMBUS, OH UTMMeterences U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOF 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) REC'D BY OHPO JUL 1 0 2008 98 S. Grove St. Westerville, OH 43081-2007 William K. Laidlaw Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 E. Hudson St. Columbus, OH 43211 Mr. Laidlaw, the Temperance Row District in Westerville, Ohio, will be approved 614-895-0808 jeffyoest@columbus.rr.com Westerville. Sincerely, Jeffrey P.
Yoest on the National Register of Historic Places, I wanted to express my Movement, I recognize the historic importance of the surrounding State Historic Preservation Officer every criteria deserving of this designation.Recognition will also wholehearted support for this endeavor.Although my home is "non- promote awareness within the community of the unique history of contributory" to the area's specific history as regards the Temperance As a resident of a neighborhood in Westerville nominated to be listed in our nation's history. I believe the Temperance Row District meets and listed on the National Register of Historic Places! Wednesday, July 9, 2008 I hope that you and all involved share my enthusiasm, and that soon homes and people who built them, and the important role they played 142 Elmwood Place Westerville, OH 43081 Rachel M.
Tooker State Historic Preservation Officer c/o National Register Staff Ohio Historical Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211-1130 Dear Ms. Tooker: District, 142 Elmwood Place, Westerville, Franklin County (copy attached). We, Patricia K. Jarrett and Lori L. Hartman,certify that we are sole owners of the property at 142 Elmwood Place, Westerville, OH43081 and hereby submit our objection to place this property on the National Register of Historic Places. While we are pleased that our property is being considered, we wish to decline because our home was Notary Public Franklin County, Ohio ATTORNEY AT LAW Notary Public, State of Ohio Section 147.03 R.C. Sincerely, Thank you. July 23, 2008 Patricia K. Jarrett Lori L. Hartman WENDI HENDERHAN built in 1990 and question its eligibility. Sworn to and subscribed in my presence by Patricia K. Jarrett and Lori 4.
Hartmanthis _day of_ REC'D BY OHPO JUL 28 2008 2008. REC'D BY OHPO JUL 3 0 2008 Anne H. Gonzales, Mayor July 28, 2008 William K. Laidlaw State Historical Preservation Officer Ohio Historical Preservation Office 567 E. Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211 Dear Mr. Laidlaw: It is a distinct pleasure for me as Mayor of the City of Westerville to give support to the nomination of our Temperance Row Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. As a city, we have carefully preserved the ambiance and zoning of the neighborhood. Placement on the National Register would enhance its national historic significance. Temperance Row, where Prohibition leaders lived and worked, would be a welcomed addition to the celebration of our rather unique role in American history.
City of Westerville Council-Manager Government Since 1916 Yours truly, Mayor www.westerville.org WESTERVILLE We are observing the sesquicentennial this year of the city's incorporation.Recognition of It's Just Right Anne Gonzales REC'D BY OHPO JUL 29 2008 P.O. Box 1063 - Westerville, Ohio 43086 "Preserving the Past & Present, for the Future" July 28, 2008 William K. Laidlaw 567 E. Hudson St. Columbus, Ohio 43211 Dear Mr. Laidlaw: The Westerville Historical Society isproposing and strongly supports in 1941, the society's first president was Boyd Doty, an Anti-Saloon League While spearheading the national movement that led to Prohibition, league leaders Purley Baker, Howard Hyde Russell and Ernest Cherrington also were the first house on Temperance Row, was in the forefront of the village's founder of the league, was a prominent, moral presence here for35 years.
Cherrington, general manager of league publishing, platted four subdivisions These and other dedicated true believers left an indelible mark.on local, state, national and international history. Placing the neighborhood they guided temperance reform, would be fitting recognition of them and their Bill Merriman, president Religion - Education - Abolition - Prohibition - Innovation community. Sincerely, Temperance Row. Westerville Historical Society listing on the National Register of Historic Places.At its founding Ohio Historic Preservation Office State Historic Preservation Officer the nomination of the Temperance Row Historic District in Westerville for leaders in this community. Baker, the general superintendent who built in the village.
All three rest in Otterbein Cemetery at the foot of developed and where they lived their lives, raised their families and lawyer and former resident of the Temperance Row district. State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historical Preservation Office 567 E. Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211 where leaders of the Anti-Saloon League of America lived and planned constitutional reform Review District to the east and help preserve the history of an unparalleled grass-roots movement that marked Westerville worldwide as the "Dry Capital of the World". C.
City Council Council-Manager Government Since 1916 City Manager July 29, 2008 WESTERVILLE www.westerville.org On behalf of the City of Westerville, I am writing to convey support for the nomination of Placement on the National Register would link the unique Temperance Row to our Architectural resulting in national prohibition would enhance the historical importance of this community. Recognition of the social, political and architectural significance of the residential neighborhood Sincerely yours, Dear Mr. Laidlaw, William K. Laidlaw City Manager's Office It's Just Right David A. Collinsworth Westerville's Temperance Row Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. 21 S. State St. P.O. Box 6107 - Westerville, OH 43086-6107 c 614-901-6400 - Fax 614-901-6401 REC'D BY OHPO JUL 29 2008 DELIVERING THE FUTURE William K.
Laidlaw State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historical Preservation Office 567 E. Hudson Street Columbus, Oh 43211 Dear Mr. Laidlaw: I am pleased, as local history coordinator at the Westerville Public Library and vice president of the Westerville Historical Society, to support the nomination of our Temperance Row Historic District for placement on the National Register of Historic The old Anti-Saloon League of America's headquarters building in the library houses an internationally-known museum of the temperance movement - the league's invaluable Historical Center. Recognition of the Temperance Row Historic District, where the link to the history of this community as we celebrate the sesquicentennial of the city's Don W. Barlow, Director Karen Albury, Deputy Director Norma J.
Eckleberry, Business Manager 126 South State Street Westerville, Ohio 43081-2095 Telephone614.882.7277 Facsimile 614.882.4160 www.westervillelibrary.org Public Library Westerville Local History Places. organization's leaders lived and planned constitutional reform would add an outstanding incorporation this year. Beth Weinhardt collection of records and literature-is owned by the library and managed at the Ohio REC'DBY OHPO JUL 3 1 2008 July 30, 2008 Lisa A. Rupple National Register and Survey Manager 567 E. Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211-1030 Please be advised that I have enclosed my affidavit objecting to the registration of National Register of Historic Places. Thank you for your consideration. Carol B. Allen Very truly yours, Dear Ms. Rupple: Ohio Historical Society property in the Ironton Historic District 313-315 S.
3d., Ironton, Lawrence County on the STATE OF OHIO, COUNTY OF LAWRENCE, ss: 1, Carol B. Allen, the Affiant, being first duly cautioned and sworn, deposes and says that she resides at 615 S. Sth St., Ironton, Ohio. Carol B. Allen further says that she is the owner of the in the property referred to as Ironton Historic District, 313-315 S. 3rd, Ironton, OH, Lawrence County. Carol B. Allen further says that she objects to having said property listed in the NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES. Further, Affiant saith naught. Carol B. Allen, Affiant 2008, by Carol B. Allen and that the same was her free act and deed ALICIA G. LAYNE APRIL 13, 2009 AFFIDAVIT Notary Public MY COMMISSION EXPIRES The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this A9day of July , NOTARY PUBLIC, STATE OF OHIO RECEIVED 2280 SEP 0 3 2008 NAT.
REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES National Park Service 2280 August 27, 2008 Ms. Jan Matthews, Associate Director and Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places 1201 I (Eye) Street, NW Washington DC 20005 Dear Ms. Matthews: have been followed for this new submission. NEW SUBMISSION Temperance Row Historic District I am requesting a SUBSTANTIVE REVIEW for this nomination. The Temperance Row Historic District is nominated under National level of significance for its association with the national temperance If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000. Dr. William K. Laidlaw, Jr.
State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street, Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 COUNTY STATE www.ohiohistory.org Enclosures Sincerely, Franklin OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY OHIO National Register Enclosed please find one (l) new National Register nomination.All appropriate notification procedures HISTORY movement during its peak years of activity in the early 2o" century. OCT 3 0 2008 National Park Service 2280 TAX INCENTIVE PROGRAM October 28, 2008 Mr. Patrick Andrus National Register of Historic Places 1201 I (Eye) Street, NW Washington DC 20005 Dear Patrick: Enclosed are the historic district map and photograph view map for the Temperance Row Historic District, Franklin County, Ohio. These two maps were not included in the original submission of the these to the National Register nomination file.
If you have questions or comments about this nomination, please contact me at (614) 298-2000 or Barbara Powers, Department Head Ohio Historic Preservation Office Historian HISTORY www.ohiohistory.org Enclosures bpowers@ohiohistory.org. Sincerely ECEIVE Inventory and Registration OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY National Register nomination for this district.The maps have been printed on archival paper.Please add OHIO
Block