Nomination for West 25th Street--Detroit Avenue Historic District

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OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior DEC 0 7 2012 1. Name of Property historic name West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic District other names/site number 2. Location street & number Roughly bounded by Detroit Ave., W. 25St., Aust Ct., and W. 28" St. not for publication -statewide 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination _request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property - national X local November 30, 2012 Signature of certifying official/Title Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government Signature of commenting official 4.

National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register _determined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register Signature of the Keeper Date of Action vicinity Date Ohio Title Registration Form National Register of Historic Places RECEIVED 2280 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NPS Form 10-900 be considered significant at the following level(s)of significance: NAT REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 1214 city or town code 035 zip code 44113-3104 In my opinion, the property Xmeets for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional Dept. Head, Inventory & Registration code035 Cleveland other(explain: United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH County and State 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) public - Local public - State public - Federal Name of related multiple property listing 6. Function or Use Commerce/Trade - business, organizational, Commerce/Trade - business, financial institution Social - meeting hall Religion - religious facility Residential - single dwelling, apartment building Industry - manufacturing 7.

Description Mid-19t century - Gothic Revival Brick, terracotta, sandstone, concrete Late Victorian - Second Empire, Italianate Late 19t/Early 20" American - Commercial Late 19*/Early 20" Revival - Neo-Classical Built up, asphalt shingles site District private structure Total roof: building(s) Architectural Classification Materials Historic Functions financial institution object NPS Form 10-900 Current Functions listed in the National Register Number of contributing resources previously (Enter categories from instructions.) Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check only one box.) (Expires 5/31/2012) Name of Property (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25'h Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property The West 25th Street - Detroit Avenue Historic District consists of 16 buildings ranging in age from 1836 to c. 1960. It includes several buildings that were damaged during a 1953 tornado and were Detroit Avenue and West 25"Street, which were pivotal in the history and development of the Ohio reflecting the character of these major thoroughfares, which were connected to downtown Cleveland all of the buildings are constructed in brick with decorative elements in stone and terracotta. The two constructed in random ashlar sandstone and the adjacent mid-1gt century chapel which is wood entrance that led to streetcar tracks and station on a level below the street. All of the buildings are considered contributing to the character of the historic district.

Some have been altered, including those at the south end of the district that were damaged during an EF-4 tornado in 1953 and modified significance that extends from 1836 to 1954.

West 25th Street, north to Detroit Avenue, west on Detroit Avenue, and along Church Avenue-also West 25th Street Building #1 (1526 West 25th Street, photos # 1-9) The former Baehr Brewery is a large single Street, measures five by four bays and had a storefront saloon with stone pilasters and stone quoins; the family's living quarters are defined by the tall segmental arched windows on the second floor and District Narrative Description County and State Summary Paragraph locally-designated Ohio City Historic District.Significant features include the fine Gothic Revival buildings;a small Second Empire residence;a former brewery complex and a former ice machine the former Masonic Temple to the Phoenix Ice Machine building (c.mid-1950s).The intersection of residence above at the northwest corner of West 25th Street and Aust Court(alley).A two-story brick NPS Form 10-900 repaired and changed to their current form.

Most of the buildings in the district are located along City area of Cleveland, Ohio. The majority of the buildings had either industrial or commercial uses, exceptions are St. John's Church, the earliest surviving church in Cuyahoga County, which is company, both industrial in character; a former Odd Fellows Hall; and a high-style early 20* century in a style typical of that time period. The current form of the buildings reflects the period of The individual buildings in the historic district will be described from the southernmost boundary on chapel, Forest City Bank Building and the Seymour Building), as well as modest commercial buildings frame with vertical board and batten siding. There are several concrete block rear additions in the district, as well. The buildings range in age from St. John's Church (1836) to the infill that connected and utilitarian industrial buildings.

The overall character of the district is distinctly urban with buildings building that was built in several phases. The first phase included a 2-1/2 story brick saloon with a time the brewery was established by Jacob Baehr in 1860s. The brick saloon, which faced West 25th Detroit Avenue and West 25th Street marks a major entrance from downtown Cleveland into the commercial structure with a corner entrance facing the West 25th-Detroit intersection with a separate historic church building;a variety of more modest late 19th and early 2oth century commercial United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property arched double hung windows.

Although the interior of buildings is not usually described in a district nomination, this one is notable because it retains two carved marble mantels, two decorative plaster ceiling medallions and some of the original woodwork indicating that the living quarters had a fairly has brick bearing walls and a heavy timber structure in the original section. The windows along the alley have simple rectangular openings. The brewery was expanded steadily during the period between the 1870s and 1890s. Among the additions were a stable building (later used as an ice machine house), a fermenting house, and a Hall) on West 25t Street.

Some of these additions are not visible from the street and all are original brewery building and continues the functional design with both segmental-arched openings with double-hung windows and enlarged industrial-style metal windows, which were added when the most distinctive feature is the tall brick chimney with its corbelled brickwork, stone coping, and the date of "1887" carved in its stone base. Building #2 (1516 West 25"h Street, photo #1) This building was constructed c.1903 by Reister & Thesmacher to infill the space along the street between the former Baehr Saloon and the Odd Fellows building to the north. It connects to the former brewery buildings that were setback from the street in this location. By this time R & Thad taken over all of the former brewery buildings. This is a second floor.

The first floor has been infilled and the window sashes were altered after the 1953 Building #3 (1504-1512 West 25th Street, photos #10-15) was an imposing late 19h century four story building designed by notable Cleveland architects Cudell and Richardson for the Odd Fellows in decorative cornice and a mansard roof; and a tall tower feature with a domed roof. The building was The building permit at that time stated "remove flrs. 3 & 4 due to tornado." The window sash have been altered and the storefronts infilled, but the storefront stone pilasters and window openings with architect's name carved in its base and a faded painted sign that reads "Welcome to St. Johns which had been a retail space originally. This building had a variety of uses, with commercial space on the first floor; offices on the second floor; and a lodge hall and auditorium on the upper two floors.

District NPS Form 10-900 arched recesses on both the West 25th Street and Church Avenue elevations; stone corner quoins;a County and State a row of smaller double hung windows in the half floor above. The building had a cornice originally, which was removed after damage in the 1953 tornado. The windows along the alley are segmental high level of finish. The brewery building, by contrast, was purely functional in design. The building power plant.The brewery property extended to Church Avenue behind the Odd Fellows (IOOF) property after the brewery closed in 1901. The powerhouse is located along the alley and is the the 1870s. Originally built as a four-story brick Second Empire building, it featured stone pilasters with Corinthian capitals between the storefronts; segmental arched window openings within pointed pilasters between are still evident.

The storefront changes occurred prior to the 1953 tornado when quoins in the corner of the building. The interior still has decorative cast iron columns on the first floor, Building (maps from the late 1g" and early 20" century identify this as both Odd Fellows and Masonic interconnected on the interior. Along the alley, the two-story fermenting house is attached to the building was occupied by Reister and Thesmacher, a sheet metal company, when it took over the simple two-story brick building with a five-bay façade consisting of segmental-arched openings on the seriously damaged in the 1953 tornado and its top two floors and tower were removed at that time. Episcopal Church, built in 1836 one block west (with an arrow)," which is still visible on the stone United States Department of the Interior OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25*h Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property The building has a one-story brick rear wing that was added in the early 20* century after the building maps from 1878 to 1910; the West Side Masonic Temple on a 1922 map; and a VFW Hall in the 1950 city directory. After the tornado it was listed simply as a sheet metal shop. c.1870 and is Italianate in design. Features include the five bay façade with segmental and round- arched double-hung windows separated by pilasters, and a simple bracketed cornice. The original storefront has been infilled but there is a modest storefront cornice that is still visible. This building had a variety of commercial uses throughout its history and was listed as the VFW building in the city Building #5 (1450-1458 West 25t* Street, photos # 18-19)) This two-story brick building dates from features; and a flat roofline.

One storefront is intact with a recessed entrance; the other has been infilled with brick. The building has had a variety of commercial uses throughout its history. Building #6 (1444-1448 West 25th Street, photos 20-22) This two-story brick commercial building dates from 1914. Designed by architects from W.W. Hodger Co., it is two-bays wide with two storefronts- each with a recessed entrance, bulkhead and storefront windows. Another recessed one windows. Other features include, corner brick pilasters with stone accents, a modest stone commercial spaces on the first floor and apartments above. Its original cost was $8,000. Detroit Avenue Building #7 (1400-1426 West 25"* Street at Detroit Avenue, NR, photos #23-31) The Forest City Designed by Cleveland architects Searles and Hirsch, this L-shaped building was designed to take advantage of this important and visible corner location.

The building is Neo-Classical commercial in design and measures four stories in height. The most distinctive feature is the rounded corner projection that faces the intersection now but was originally on axis with the Superior Viaduct. The bank entrance is located at the base of the projection. Now enclosed with glass, its original design was an open area with a recessed entrance. It is embellished with granite Doric columns; stone entrance. The interior of the recess has a shallow domed ceiling with decorative plaster trim. The lintels and hoodmoulds on the upper windows and a cartouche floral element at the cornice level.

Other noteworthy design elements include, an ashlar stone foundation that is visible on the north elevation; a decorative stone beltcourse that separates the first floor from the upper floors; rectangular double-hung windows on the second and third floors; round-arched windows on the fourth floor, with each pair of windows separated by brick pilasters; round arched recesses; storefronts with District NPS Form 10-900 Building #4(1468-1472West 25th Street,photos16-17) This three-story brick building dates from (Expires 5/31/2012) County and State National Park Service /National Register of Historic Piaces Registration Form had converted to industrial uses on the lower floors. It was listed as the Odd Fellows Building on directories in the 1920s.

It has a one story rear wing that extends to West 26" Street, which appears floor with a continuous stone sill; a simple stone parapet with stone dentils and decorative corner entrance leads to the second floor, which features two projecting bays with double-hung one-over- beltcourse above the bays, and a simple parapet. The building permit indicates it was built to have Block building, which was constructed in 1878 (the same year the Superior Viaduct was completed). flooring is a later replacement.The rounded corner feature of the building is accented with stone same site. It measures four bays wide and has large rectangular industrial windows on the second United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25' Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State windows in the former banking lobby area on the north elevation.

Although it was constructed before building. The building was designed to have a bank, storefront commercial space, offices and apartments. This building is individually listed in the National Register. elevation, as well as both brick spandrels and small windows above the third story and beneath the entablatures. The building was designed to have commercial space, offices and apartments. A one- rehabilitated; the multi-story rear wing was added at the time of the renovation. Building #9 (2601-2609 Detroit Avenue, photos # 40-44) Built as the Lather's Union in 1924, this facing on the entire first floor area; a central entrance, with original light fixtures leading to the upper floors; storefront bulkheads, glass windows and transoms; a corner entrance for one of the Building #10 (1422 West 26th Street, photo #45) This one-story brick building was built in 1924 as separating the bays.

District the union. floor spaces. The Lather's Union designed the building to have stores and offices,including those of window openings on this secondary elevation feature double hung one-over-one windows with stone before it emerged at street level on West 25th Street and Detroit Avenue about a long block from this arched entrance on West 25th Street that has a glass transom with the word "Subway" in stained colored glass.This entrance led to the streetcar tracks that traveled on the lower level of the bridge of the district.Completed c.1880,it is a first-generation building along Detroit Avenue.The three- structure.

It is three bays wide and has a simple beltcourse over the garage doors and pilasters (Expires 5/31/2012) West 26th Street National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form bulkheads, large expanses of glass and glass transoms on the east elevation; and large six-part the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge was completed in 1917, the building has a decorative round- Building #8 (2515-2529 Detroit Avenue, photos # 32-39) The Seymour Block, was designed by building has large rectangular double-hung windows, continuous stone sills and lintels on the main story recent rock-faced concrete block addition is attached at the rear of the building. This is the building replaced the c. 1880 Giddings Block, which occupied this site. Constructed in dark brown brick, the firm of Dresser Minton Scobell Co.

designed the building, which cost $80,000 to build; the storefronts; simple rectangular upper floor windows with one-over-one sash, with some arranged in architects Cudell & Richardson, who also designed the Odd Fellows Building, ( #3), at the south end Decorative cast iron columns are placed between the stone piers in the individual storefronts. The three story building is early 2oth century commercial in style.Distinctive features include the stone between the floors and the cornice wrap around the corner to the West 26th Street elevation. The largest and most intact 19th century commercial building in this district. The building was recently groups of three and four with continuous stone sills and lintels; and a simple brick parapet with stone coping.

The building is U-shaped (visible from the west elevation) to allow for light and air in upper the Lather's Union garage.It is a located behind the Lather's Union Building but isa free-standing United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH the oldest building in this district. Designed by architect Hezekiah Eldridge, the church dates from Revival building is constructed of "tan sandstone quarried from the banks of the Cuyahoga River." The building measures three by five bays and has a gable roofline covered in asphalt shingles. The wooden double doors located within a recess that is decorated with scroll design and has the words side elevations feature stained glass pointed arch windows separated by stone buttresses.

The brick apse was rebuilt after suffering damage in the 1953 tornado. It has a gable roofline that is lower than that of the church. The wood frame Gothic Revival building to the north of the church was built as a separate structure in the mid-late 19t century. It measures two by four bays and has a gable roofline and board and batten siding, It features an off-center entrance with double doors; a gable-roofed porch with decorative arch windows on the side elevations; and three small roof dormers along each side. The building is "chapel" on late 19*h century maps. The buildings are individually listed in the National Register and are designated Cleveland landmarks. building, which is two stories in height and measures five by two bays, housed the offices for the business.

The windows and entrance are located within shallow recesses formed by the brick John's Church is the Crile House, which was constructed c.1870s. The modest brick building is 1-1/2 with segmental arched transom; a decorative front porch with carved brackets; and round arched home is a designated Cleveland Landmark for its association with Dr. George Crile, one of the AIA Guide to Cleveland Architecture. P. 11.11 District Church Avenue Name of Property the front section of the building. founders of the Cleveland Clinic.Dr. Crile operated a clinic here with Drs.Weed and Bunts for a short Building #14 (2516 Church Avenue, photos #58-60) Located across West 26th Street from St.

County and State windows have glass block infill."The Rex Body Shop Company" sign is painted on both elevations of connected to the church with a one-story wood frame connector.The building was marked as a 1941,replacing the late 19th century frame house that was on the site.The front portion of the (Expires 5/31/2012) Buildings #11 and 12 (2600 Church Avenue, NR, photos # 46-54) St. John's Episcopal Church is 1836, when this area of Cleveland was a separate community known as Ohio City. The Gothic symmetrical façade features a central pointed arch entrance at the base of the square tower, with St. John's Church and 1836 carved into it. The tower features a large pointed arch stained glass window facing Church Avenue and four smaller pointed arch windows at the top of the tower. The time in the 1880s, before they formed what became the internationally-respected Cleveland Clinic.

stories in height and Second Empire in style.The house featuresa handsome double-door entrance A plaque on the church states that it is the"oldest church edifice in Cuyahoga County pilasters.A garage door is located in the westernmost bay that led to the one story body shop at the posts and detailing;a pointed arch with two smaller pointed arch windows in the gable end;pointed- rear. The body shop has window openings high on the wall along the east side only.All of the United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25th Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State Building #15 (2512-2514 Church Avenue, photos # 61-62) This two-story brick building, known as "The Morgan" was constructed c.

1917 as commercial space on the first floor and apartments above. Building #16 ( 2607-2711 Church Avenue, photos # 63-67) This building, which was enlarged several times during its history, began at the corner of Church and West 28th streets before 1912 with all of the 19 century single family homes that had been located along the south side of the street. The additions appear to have been constructed between the mid-1920s and c.1960. The first addition windows and a simple parapet and appears to have been added at the time Phoenix Ice Machines was expanding. A two story wing, of similar design, was added to the east end of the building, possibly when Phoenix became Lester Engineering Company in 1935 and took over the building. Another addition, by Lester, is also located along Church Avenue. It is two stories, but the first story Building was built. c. 1960.

By the mid-20 century, the transformation of this street was nearly complete, with the 1gt century houses being replaced with industrial/commercial uses. The proposed historic district includes buildings that reflect a century of Cleveland's history and development. The sixteen buildings in the district include the following: two mid-19 century religious buildings (Forest City Savings & Loan and Lather's Union); several modest early 20* century (Phoenix Ice Machine/Lester Engineering). There are several vacant lots in the proposed district, and never rebuilt. All of the buildings are considered contributing to the historic district. Although some have more neighborhood and the response to a natural disaster at the end of the period of significance. The transition and beginning a period of disinvestment and decline.

Recent rehabilitation of several of the The development of this district was clearly influenced by the construction of the Superior Viaduct in district to both of the bridges is clearly evident today. (photos#68-70) Summary District (Expires 5/31/2012) The building's first floor has been altered, but it still retains its upper level window openings, corner quoins and parapet with the name of the building. century houses that were located on the site. The original portion of the building measures four by six a single section of the Lester Manufacturing complex had been built. It appears that the final section, alterations than others, taken as a group, they represent the transitional nature of an urban buildings today, appear much as they have since the mid-20* century when the neighborhood was in a two-story brick industrial building for the Phoenix Ice Machine Company.

It replaced several 19th located mid-block and abutting the former Baehr Brewery complex and the former Odd Fellows several of these are the result of the demolition of buildings damaged by the tornado in 1953 and structures(St.John's Church complex);a late 19th century single-family residence(Dr.George Crile United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property National Register/ 1516 W. 25"h St. Baehr Brewery 1504-1512 W. 1468-1472 W. 1450-58 W. 25th 1444-1448 W. 1400-1426 W. Forest City Savings & 2515-2519 Detroit Ave 1422 W. 26" Ave. St. John's Episcopal Church St. John's Chapel/parish house 2516 Church Ave. 2512-2514 2607-2711 Engineering Contributing Address Landmark District NR/Cleveland Church Ave.

The Morgan Local Listing County and State Seymour Block Cleveland Landmark 2601-2609 Detroit Historic Name Loan/Forest City Bank Bldg. Lather's Union Building Phoenix Ice Machine/Lester Lather's Union garage Dr. George Crile House IOOF/Masonic NPS Form 10-900 (Expires 5/31/2012) Rex's Body Shop 25th St. United States Department of the Interior OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

(Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property Commerce, Industry, Transportation Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our Property is associated with the lives of persons of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. 1878, 1917 (bridge development) 1953 (tornado) 1954 (streetcar discontinued) (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Significant Person Property is: (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above.) Owned by a religious institution or used for religious removed from its original location. a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. a reconstructed building, object, or structure.

Eldridge, Hezekiah a commemorative property. Cudell & Richardson less than 50 years old or achieving significance Searles & Hirsch within the past 50 years. W.W. Hodger Co. 1836-1954 purposes. history. District Criteria Considerations Cultural Affiliation individual distinction. Areas of Significance Significant Dates County and State Dresser Minton Scobell Co Architect/Builder Property embodies the distinctive characteristics Applicable National Register Criteria significant in our past. Period of Significance (Enter categories from instructions.) for National Register listing.) NPS Form 10-900 and distinguishable entity whose components lack United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH County and State Period of Significance (justification) downtown Cleveland and its west side. An E-4 tornado had struck the district in June, 1953 and damaged several of the buildings, including the former Baehr Brewery and the Odd Fellows building on West 25t Street, and St. John's Church on Church Avenue. By the mid-1950s, the city's near west Street, across from the proposed district, were demolished to make way for public housing. Thus the inner-city industrial/commercial neighborhood in the mid-20th century. After a period of some disinvestment, deterioration, and demolition in the surrounding area, the district's revitalization in the last few decades is evidence of the changing fortunes and of the nature of modern development in Cleveland's urban core. St.

John's Church is a religious building that is individually listed in the National Register. The individual nomination addressed NR Criterion A. Statement of Significance Summary Paragraph The West 25' Street - Detroit Avenue Historic District is eligible for National Register listing under arowth and development, and much of this was focused on the intersection of West 25th Street and War Il period. neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. Incorporated as a separate community in 1836, Ohio City was District Criteria Considerations neighborhoods began a period of change.

In the 1950s, the buildings on the east side of West 25th Narrative Statement of Significance increasingly dependent on automobiles and favored newer suburban locations by the mid-2oth Name of Property Criterion A for its local significance in the development of the Ohio City neighborhood and the west (Expires 5/31/2012) The period of significance extends from 1836, which is the construction date of St.

John's Church, the earliest building in the district, to 1954, when the streetcars that used the Detroit-Superior High Level side was in transition as Cleveland experienced suburban expansion outward and urban proposed district evolved from a pedestrian- and streetcar-oriented urban neighborhood in the late community across the Cuyahoga River valley from the city of Cleveland; through its integration as a effect of transportation improvements such as construction of the Superior Viaduct (NR) in 1878 and the opening of the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge in 1917 (NR); the evolution from a sparsely- century; and the area's association with Cleveland's industrial history, and in particular the brewing side of Cleveland, Ohio.

Once a separate municipality, Ohio City went through several phases oi Detroit Avenue.The extant urban fabric in that area today illustrates several important themes: the developed neighborhood in the mid-1gth century to an industrial/commercial district by the mid-20th United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25' Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH County and State located on the high west bank of the Cuyahoga River valley across from Cleveland, which in 1854 Ohio City was annexed to Cleveland.

The near west side, as it was known after annexation, attracted immigrants from Germany and Ireland, many of whom had worked on the construction of of the brewing industry in the area reflects the cultural influence of the influx of Germans, who Germany, is a link with this period of development in the mid-19t century. Prior to the construction of the Superior Viaduct in 1878, the northern area of Ohio City was sparsely developed, with St. John's The construction of the Superior Viaduct in 1878, the first "high-level" bridge over the broad industrial activity occurred as the trip to the west side from downtown Cleveland was suddenly made much easier.Located squarely at the end of the viaduct's west approach, the intersection of West new high-level bridge as a replacement.

This was largely due to theincreasing problem of delays for increased automobile and public transit traffic and led to further commercial development in the Baehr Brewery and Odd Fellows buildings; the Phoenix Ice Machines Company, later replaced by generation of the original owner. By the early 1950s, the expansion of industrial land uses at the * Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p. 447. intersection. District 25th and Detroit became an important link between the downtown and the city's expanding west side and a fixed span high above even the tallest lake vessels.Upon its opening it immediately facilitated generation commercial structures on both major streets.The Superior Viaduct was so successful at IOOF Building (West 25th) and the Seymour Block (Detroit Avenue) were completed; and West 25th the direction of the widowed Mrs.

Jacob Baehr on West 25th;two major commercial buildings--the Building (NR),designed with a corner entrance to take advantage of its location at this important industrial expansion in the form of the Reister& Thurmeister metal products company in the former Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) "formed one of Cleveland'slargest and most influential nationality groups in the19th and20th incorporated in the same year. Cleveland's growth exceeded that of Ohio City in the early years and the Ohio and Erie Canal, which ran through the "Flats" along the Cuyahoga River. The development Episcopal Church, completed in 1836 (NR) and the Baehr Brewery as notable exceptions. and Detroit Avenue took on a commercial character with the construction of a number of first- oringing people and commerce to this area that the Root Block (c.

1880) at the southwest corner of Nest 25t and Detroit was replaced with a new commercial building in 1905 --the Forest City Bank Traffic over the Superior Viaduct continued to increase, and by 1910 Cleveland was considering a Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge, which had two levels -- automobiles above and streetcars below - Lester Engineering in 1935; and the Rex Body Shop Co. c. 1940, which is still operated by the third south end of the district replaced nearly all of the single-family homes along Church Avenue.The Dr. neighborhoods.By the mid-1880s there was much economic and development activity:single-family viaduct traffic as the swing span over the river had to be in near-constant operation to accommodate river and lake boats on the bustling Cuyahoga. In 1917 the Superior Viaduct was replaced by the United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property June 8,1953 crossed the west side of Cleveland and caused significant damage to the Odd Fellows Avenue were discontinued in 1954. The character of the district today, including changes to the buildings following the tornado, and the uninterrupted industrial and commercial character of the area George Crile House(home of one of the founders of the Cleveland Clinic) are listed as Cleveland northeastern corner of the district, are also individually listed in the National Register.

Developmental history/additional historic context information (if appropriate) development: Ohio City before its annexation to Cleveland; German immigration and the completion of the Superior Viaduct in 1878; further development after the dedication of the Detroit- Superior High Level Bridge in 1917; and changes in the 1950s in the aftermath of the 1953 tornado and the elimination of streetcar service in 1954. Early Ohio City History century. The settlement grew partly due to its location near the terminus of the Ohio & Erie Canal, which connected Lake Erie at Cleveland with the Ohio River at Portsmouth. Constructed between 1825 and 1832, it was a transformational improvement to the state's early transportation system. The first section, between Cleveland and Akron, opened in1827. According to the Ohio City Preservation site, was where many of the early Irish immigrants settled.

The site is located along the west bank of the river and on the east side of West 25t Street, near the proposed district. Ohio City was period. District County and State Two mid-2oth century events marked the final period of change in the district. An EF-4 tornado on oldest neighborhoods.Properties within the district represent several distinct phases of its urban Ohio City Preservation District National Register Nomination (1974) Three properties within the boundaries of the proposed district are listed in the National Register-St. building and St.John's Episcopal Church;and the streetcar lines along West 25th Street and Detroit (Expires 5/31/2012) National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Landmarks, and the entire proposed district is located within the city-designated Ohio City Historic District.

The Superior Viaduct and the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge, both of which abut the The proposed historic district includes properties that represent the evolution of one of the city's Settlement in Ohio City, which is one of Cleveland's earliest neighborhoods, began in the early 19th 1830 and brought their own cultural heritage." 3 Irishtown Bend, a National Register archaeological incorporated on March 2, 1836, two days before Cleveland's incorporation. By this time, Ohio City rivalry existed between the two communities, but in 1854, Ohio City was annexed to the city of through the late 20t century, reflect changes in urban investment and development in the post-war development of German enterprises such as the Baehr Brewery;development following the John Episcopal Church (and chapel) and the Forest City Bank Building. The church and the Dr.

Ohio City Historic District Amendment,(date) was prospering,"due to its location at the northern terminus of the Ohio and Erie Canal,4 which was United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Cleveland. At the time of annexation, Ohio City had approximately 2,000 residents and Cleveland over 6,000. The Lake Shore Trail and the Cuyahoga Path were Native American trails (fig. 1) and were the first (later West 25t*) Street. Pearl was located along the level, high ridge on the west side above the valley and led out to the hinterland of Cuyahoga County and points south. It eventually became and today remains part of U.S. Rt. 42, which connects Cleveland with Louisville, Kentucky.

Pearl was renamed West 25' Street when the west side was expanding rapidly and the area was fully begins at Cleveland Public Square, crosses the Detroit-Superior Bridge and turns south along vest 25th Street at Detroit Avenue. It is still known as Pearl Road south of I-71, where it enters the community of Brooklyn, and maintains that name through several suburban communities, including Strongsville and Medina (in Medina County). Detroit Avenue followed the Lake Shore Trail and Beach, California, a distance of 3,205 miles. It follows the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway, enters of the proposed district. St. John's Episcopal Church (NR) was built on Church Avenue, one block west of Pearl, in 1836. Its Pearl Street House (1837). In addition he had built a number of warehouses on the river's edge for Revival "chapel" was built on the site next to the church during the 19t century.

Although its design would indicate a construction date in the 1840s or 1850s, it did not appear on an 1874 map of the by Eldredge that survive today. As previously mentioned, German immigration into Ohio City began in the 1830s and continued into ethnic settlements c.1923 in the Encyclopedia of Cleveland History (fig. 2). While some of the immigrants worked in existing businesses and industries, others arrived with marketable skills and started their own businesses. One of the latter was Jacob Baehr, a native of Heidelberg, Germany. Hezekiah Eldredge, Architect-Builder of St. John's Church, Cleveland, Ohio. (nd) District Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) County and State but the original route remains intact as a secondary road along its entire length of 355 miles.Rt.42 recorded transportation routes in the area along Lake Erie and the west side of the Cuyahoga River valley.

They were located in the approximate locations of what later became Superior Ave. and Pearl integrated into the city's street-naming system. U.S. Rt. 42 was supplanted by Interstate Route 71, of the congregation. He established a busy architectural practice immediately and by 1837, "he had area but was clearly shown on maps from 1878 and 1881. At the time St. John's Church was constructed, and for several decades thereafter, there was sparse development in this area of Ohio the 20th century. The area is identified as a "German" neighborhood on a map illustrating the city's Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, (1987), p. 735. transportation route created in 1926 between Provincetown, Massachusetts and eventually, Long downtown Cleveland by crossing the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge, enters Public Square, and goes east on Euclid Avenue.

The intersection of these two former historic trails forms the focal point United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State He arrived in the United Statesin 1850 and worked as a cooper in New York City before moving to returned to Cleveland in 1866, apparently preferring the urban life. Baehr employed his experience as a brewer, establishing a small lager beer brewery on Pearl (West 25*) Street near Church Avenue in 1866. While Baehr tended to the duties of the brewery, his wife ran the family's small saloon in the been the early model for the Baehr Brewery.

key position on Lake Erie contributed to its growth in the iron, steel, and oil refining industries; and its Commercial traffic on the Cuyahoga River increased, and the entire valley was alive with business Cleveland and the west side was at river level in the Flats, where low level bridges that stood only a few feet above river level had to be opened to allow all but the smallest river traffic to pass. This made trans-river commerce and transportation difficult and time-consuming. In 1872, Cleveland The Superior Viaduct and Late 19th Century Development in the District Street. "Construction of the Superior Viaduct, built 1874-78, and the introduction of streetcar lines and Pearl developed into commercial arteries. Franklin became the home of West Cleveland's An examination of historic maps from 1874 and 1881 (figs. 3 and 4) illustrates this development. The St.

John's Episcopal Church as one of the few buildings in the area at the time. By 1881, Church after the construction of the Superior Viaduct, illustrates its graceful series of arches crossing over the Flats and entering Ohio City on Cleveland's west side. Pearl Street is shown with a solid row of commercial buildings. While these sources may not be completely accurate representations of what Breweries of Cleveland. (1998) p. 77 NPS Form 10-900 District December of 1878, and it ignited development of the area around Detroit Avenue and West 25th Ohio City Historic District Amendment National Register nomination.(add date) Cleveland and starting a cooperage of his own. According to one source, his cooperage made barrels for the pork-packing industry. By 1857, Baehr moved to Keokuk, lowa to join his friend John Leisy to work in the Leisy & Brothers Union Brewery in that city.

"Although business was good in lowa, Baehr upper floors of the brewery." Many of the German breweries at the time produced enough beer to geographic location between New York and Chicago made it an important railroad center. and industry. Prior to the construction of the Superior Viaduct, the transportation link between voters approved construction of a new high level bridge to connect the downtown and the west side. "Superior Avenue at West 10t Street on the east to Detroit Avenue and West 25th Street on the west."® The bridge, which carried pedestrian, vehicular, and streetcar traffic, was opened in along Detroit, Pearl (West 25") and Franklin made downtown Cleveland readily accessible. Detroit earlier map shows very spotty development at the intersection of Detroit and Pearl (West 25"), with commercial buildings. Another image, a drawing (fig.

5) probably dating from the period immediately - Encyclopedia of Cleveland Hisory. (1987) p. 944 front portion of the building. The entire Baehr family, which numbered no less than ten, lived on the serve at their own drinking establishment, and possibly at a few others nearby. This appears to have Cleveland continued to grow during the Civil War and in the second half of the 19th century. The city's The Superior Viaduct was designed as the first "high-level" bridge across the valley and connected merchants lived in smaller houses along streets such as Vestry and Church in the Ohio City area."9 United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25th Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State occurred during the time period, they do indicate a significantly increased focus of development at this important intersection and in this northern area of Ohio City. A number of the buildings located within the historic district were built or expanded during the period between construction of the viaduct and the construction of its replacement in 1917. This was the period when the intersection of West 25' Street and Detroit Avenue became firmly established as a major link between downtown Cleveland and the west side neighborhoods. Church Avenue developed with single-family homes, while the other streets were commercial and industrial in described below. the 1874 map but was shown on 1878 and 1881 maps.

The expansion of the church was likely due to the growth of the Ohio City neighborhood since the church's original construction in the late 1830s. during the last quarter of the 19th century. When Jacob Baehr died in 1873, shortly after the brewery's construction, his wife, Magdalena, took over the management of the brewery. While it was not it was quite unusual for a woman to operate and expand an industrial enterprise for a period of over two decades. "The death of Jacob Baehr in 1873 did not spell ruin for his brewery. Under the name of Mrs. Jacob Baehr's Brewery, the widow Magdalena Baehr took over the supervision of the business, which had a tall chimney and an 1887 datestone in its base. "In Cleveland, virtually every brewing plant in the city was completely or substantially rebuilt during the 1880s and early 1890s.

Nearly all of them were designed and supervised by a single local architect, Bohemian immigrant Andrew R. building along West 25 and a hop house, fermenting house, cooling room, storage, ice machines Ibid. p. 78 Breweries of Cleveland. P. 83 District (fig. 6) (Expires 5/31/2012) Mitermiler.12The Baehr Brewery was listed among the breweries designed by Mitermiler. A detail of National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form The Baehr Brewery (1526 West 25t*) underwent a period of significant expansion and modernization 1873, she took the yearly sales of the brewery to 25,000barrels, personally making sure that every The success of the brewery resulted in physical changes and additions, including the power plant the 1886 Sanborn map (fig.

7) shows an expanded brewery, including the Baehr residence in the reported in 1892 that several improvements were being made at the brewery, among them a new morning till late, looking after all the details of the brewery, and never leaving an eye from raising her children, Mrs. Baehr achieved some surprising results. From 3,000 barrels of beer that were made in and the power plant along the alley and extending almost to Church Avenue. The 1887 chimney United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25 Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State industrial complex (which includes the former Lester Engineering building) that covers the entire block during a later time period will be discussed below.

quantities of beer and ship them greater distances, which in turn contributed to consolidation of the industry - the Reister & Thesmacher Company, a sheet metal products company. Only four of four, the Forest City Brewery, is slated for demolition. The Odd Fellows (IOOF) building (1504-1512 West 25) was constructed at the southwest corner of West 25t and Church Avenue, immediately north of the Baehr Brewery, in 1874. The large and roof and tower. It is variously listed on maps as an IOOF hall or a Masonic Lodge, and sometimes building's size and Second Empire style are an indication of the prosperity and future growth potential of the area at the time. The building originally had storefronts. Shortly after Reister & Thesmacher Company took over the brewery buildings c.1903; it added a two-story section that linked the building to the IOOF building, filling in the West 25t streetscape.

The firm later combined the buildings on the building was identified as the West Side Masonic Temple on a 1922 map (fig. 8). period during the construction of the Superior Viaduct. Its construction, along with a number of others in the area, clearly anticipated that the intersection of West 25t and Detroit would become an important commercial area on Cleveland's west side. This three-story brick Italianate building was designed to have commercial space on the first floor and offices and/or apartments above. It was located on the busy West 25 streetcar line, which would have made either use a viable option. The Seymour Block (2525-2529 Detroit) was built in 1875. Designed by architects Cuddell & Richardson (who also designed the Odd Fellows building), this three story building is one of the Ibid. Ibid.

p.122 District floor overlooking the space.This two-story space was removed following the 1953 tornado.The (Expires 5/31/2012) Technological advances, including pasteurization and refrigeration, made it possible to brew larger brewing industry at the turn of the century. "In Cleveland this trend was dramatically illustrated by the formation in 1899 of the Cleveland & Sandusky Brewing Company through the merger of 11 northern Mrs. Jacob Baehr's brewery was one of them. She brewmaster and manager. This facility was closed in 1901, and production was combined with the When the Baehr Brewery ceased operation, the complex was taken over by another German-owned Cleveland's many historic brewery production facilities are extant, including this facility. One of the impressive building, as originally constructed, was three stories in height with a full-story mansard both at the same time.

The building was designed by architects Cuddell & Richardson, who designed interior for its sheet metal operation, and the storefronts were removed at some point, as were those in the Baehr Brewery. The lodge hall was located on the third floor with balcony seating on the fourth An Italianate commercial building (1468-1472 West 25*) was constructed during the 1870s, in the retired from the business, but her sons Emil and Herman C. Baehr were kept on at the brewery as Phoenix Brewery at Columbus and Willey Streets and was known as the Baehr-Phoenix branch.15 new washhouse.*13 These various buildings exist today but have been combined into a single United States Department of the Interior National Park Service /National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State Seymour after whom the building may have been named. The building today appears much like it did at the time it was completed in the 19t century. Detroit, it was designed to take advantage of its visibility when people crossed the Superior Viaduct both bridges is its distinguishing feature. The building replaced the earlier Root Block, which was built at the time the Superior Viaduct was completed and appeared on the 1881 Hopkins map.According industrial flats." Among the prominent "west siders" that served on its board was Herman C. Baehr, Two modest commercial buildings were constructed at 1450-1458 and 1442-1446 West 25th Street between 1905 and 1914, replacing earlier commercial buildings on these lots.

While one has traditionally-designed storefronts, limited ornamentation, and parapets instead of cornices. most of which were of wood frame construction. This building was the office/clinic of Dr. Crile in the 1880s. He later became one of the founders of the Cleveland Clinic, an internationally respected medical facility, which is located on Cleveland's east side. The building has been designated as a Cleveland landmark for its association with Dr. Crile. The Morgan, a modest brick apartment building (2512-2514 Church Avenue), was built next to the Crile House in 1914. Over half of the buildings included within the historic district are associated with the period of development between 1878 and 1917. District son of Jacob and Magdalena Baehr (Baehr Brewery). He grew up one block south on West 25th NPS Form 10-900 commercial building in the district.

Located on the"100% corner"at the intersection of West 25th and (Expires 5/31/2012) largest in the district. The building was designed with multiple storefronts, to take advantage of its The Forest City Bank Building (1400-1420 West 25') opened in 1904 and is the premier historic to the National Register nomination for the building, "The Forest City Savings and Trust Company originally located in a building on West 25 and Jay Avenue (demolished). It was one of a growing number of banks that opened in Cleveland's neighborhoods, in the late 19t and early 20t century. projecting second story bays, both are typical of early 20t* century commercial architecture with The only single family home remaining from this period of the neighborhood's development is the Dr. appears on the 1881 Hopkins map.

Church Avenue at the time was lined with single family homes, " Forest City Bank Building, National Register nomination. from downtown Cleveland. The building was designed by prominent Cleveland architects Searles and the interests of the west side of Cleveland. He served as Cleveland's mayor from 1910 to 1912.16 George Crile House (2516 Church Avenue). This modest brick Second Empire style building first prime location near the intersection with West 25th Street. Its name in the cornice matches the name The Forest City Savings and Trust was organized in a working class neighborhood close to the Street(that is,in thebreweryresidence) and was actively involved in Cleveland politics and promoted United States Department of the Interior OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25 Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State The Superior Viaduct was carrying all manner of traffic - electric streetcars, horse-drawn vehicles, the west side of Cleveland, however, placed increased demand on this structure. In addition, the passage of many of the boats traversing the river. "In 1909, the center span was opened complete. It rises 96 feet above the Cuyahoga River.... The upper deck was designed for vehicular and pedestrian traffic, while the lower deck was to carry streetcars. The subway, as the lower deck Avenue... By 1930, traffic over the bridge had reached a volume of 70,400 automobiles a day, a Once the new bridge was completed, the old Superior Viaduct was no longer needed, so it was as a city street and still lines up with the intersection of West 25t* and Detroit.

Though it has not history and development of this corner, and of the historic district centered on it, can be easily understood today. There were changes in the district associated with the period dating from the completion of the new bridge to the mid-20th century. One of the most significant physical changes in the neighborhood was the removal of streetcars from level on the west side, tunnels had to be built on both West 25t Street and Detroit Avenue. Ramps led up to street level on both streets about two blocks from the west end of the bridge. On West 25th the tunnel portal was located in front of the former Baehr Brewery building, and on Detroit the portal lines were located along Detroit Avenue, Franklin Avenue, Bridge Street, and Lorain Avenue (all but West 25t and West 28th, both of which turned south from Detroit. Franklin Circle, just southwest of 1 Ibid. p.

342 District NPS Form 10-900 (Expires 5/31/2012) National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form early automobiles, and pedestrians - by the end of the first decade of the 20t century. The growth of bridge had one major disadvantage -- the center span was a swingspan that had to be opened for the in discussions about a new and higher bridge that would not interfere with river traffic (figs. 9, 10) "The Detroit-Superior Bridge, which was opened to traffic on Thanksgiving Day, 1917, was the city's another high level connection between the downtown Cleveland and the Ohio City area. and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The old bridge's west approach still is in use carried traffic across the Cuyahoga River in nearly a century, the old span's association with the the Superior Viaduct to the lower level of the bridge.

In order for the streetcars to emerge at street extensive network of public transportation throughout the west side as tar west as Rocky River. The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p.945 total that led to the bridge's being called the 'nation's busiest"1 (fig. 11). This period also marked the point where Cleveland's population was near its peak at 900,000 citizens. The Lorain-Carnegie closed to traffic in 1920. The masonry arched portion of the viaduct, west of the river, remains today was just west of the intersection with West 28t Street (fig. 12). The streetcars were part of an the one on Detroit Avenue were south of the proposed district). North-south lines were located on United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25th Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State for Ohio City streetcars. Virtually all of the streetcars on the west and southwest side of the city elevation. The entrance is still visible today, and the streetcar tracks still exist below street level. (c. 1880). This building was built to house the union offices and hall, but also had storefronts and of the street were gradually replaced by industrial buildings. The first was the Phoenix Ice Machine the former Phoenix Ice Machine building and expanded it several times between the mid-1930s and was demolished at some time prior to 1960, when a final addition was built that linked the Lester it that likely was demolished at the same time.

The 1971 update of the 1952 Sanborn map shows that and the Phoenix Ice Machine Company but had been completely infilled, with the entire block in industrial use. Reister & Thesmacher (R&T) occupied the West 25' Street portion and Lester Engineering the West 28t Street half of the block. By this time, all of the residential land uses in the neighborhood, other than the Crile house, had been replaced by industrial activity. The Tornado and the End of Streetcar Service in the Mid-1950s The form of the district today reflects two major events that resulted in changed fortunes for the area. damage was inflicted at the corner of West 25* and Church Avenues, with St. John's Church and the District NPS Form 10-900 "Lester Engineering Company, Article of Incorporation, May 28, 1935.

(Expires 5/31/2012) The lower level of the Forest Savings and Trust Building was adapted to provide a subway stop for rental office space, likely to take advantage of its prime location near the bridge and subway stop. Church Avenue's character changed completely during this period. The houses along the south side Co. (2607-2711 Church Avenue) which appeared on the 1912 Hopkins map and still had the same Engineering and former Baehr Brewery buildings. This completely filled out the entire block bounded with the chimney at the lower right; the Lester Engineering building dominates the view, and just to its east can be seen the house demolished around 1960, along with a small commercial building behind First, an EF-4 tornado passed through Cleveland's west side on June 8, 1953 (figs. 14-16).

The path the district, located in the Ohio City Preservation District (NR), also served as a major junction point the streetcars; a new street level entrance marked "Subway" was added to the building's West 25th The Lather's Union Building (2601-2609 Detroit) was built in 1924 on the site of the Giddings Block the mid-1950s. These additions were designed with high-bay spaces for overhead cranes used in the Lester Engineering facility had replaced all but one of the houses on the street. (fig. 13) The house the entire block once contained the separate facilities of the Baehr Brewery, the Odd Fellows building of the tornado was through Ohio City and right through the proposed historic district. Significant United States Department of the Interior National Park Service /National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.

1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property that once stood on the central and corner towers; they were casualties of the tornado. By contrast, a different decision about rebuilding was made by the owners of the Odd Fellows business grew. The former Odd Fellows building was also listed in the 1950 city directory as the VFW Hall, so the upper floor(s) were still in use at the time of the tornado. In the aftermath, the owners "removed floors 3& 4 due to tornado," according to building records maintained by the City of building that had been in industrial use for decades. Also, by the time of the tornado storefronts in all of the Reister & Thesmacher building had been removed.

In repairing the tornado damage, the The building at the northeast corner of West 25t and Church Avenues (the Gibbs building) appears on the 1922 map but does not appear on the Sanborn map from 1952/1971. It is possible that this Then, one year later in 1954, the streetcar lines that traveled on the Detroit-Superior High Level ramps on West 25t and Detroit, enabling expansion of the streets to multiple-lane roadways that facilitated, sped up, and increased the amount of automobile traffic. The end of the streetcar era marks the end of the period of significance for the district. A series of maps illustrates population trends in Cuyahoga County in 1910, 1930 and 1980 (figs. 17-19). Between 1910 and 1930, the population of the county nearly doubled, with the City of Cleveland increasing from 573,872 to 902,471 in just twenty years.

The total for the county in 1930 was just over Cleveland's population fell to 573,822 - almost exactly the same as in 1910. It is clear from looking at Like many urban areas, Ohio City was impacted by the change in uses of some buildings, underutilization of others, and a transition from a pedestrian/streetcar neighborhood to one that became automobile dependent. A photo from before the tornado (fig. 13) illustrates dense of interest in the history and character of the area and the benefit of having the area designated as from the city. District commercial development along Detroit Avenue and West 28th Street, an area that is a large parking (Expires 5/31/2012) County and State manufacturer had taken over the brewery c.1903 and expanded into the Odd Fellows building as its company also removed building cornices and covered the cornice area with a sheet metal coping.

Bridge to West 25t Street and Detroit Avenue were discontinued. This necessitated filling of the industrial/commercial area. Within the last 20 years, several of the commercial buildings, notably the Forest City Bank Building and the Seymour Building, have been rehabilitated, indicating a resurgence building. By that time, the lower two floors of the building had been fully integrated into the adjacent building was damaged in the tornado and then demolished. 1.2 million. In the post-war period, the population for the county increased to 1.5 million but the city of United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25 Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property returned it to a state of stability and high integrity.

today and that communicate the story of how the area grew, changed and evolved. He designed a number of other buildings in Ohio City and Cleveland, but this is the only one growth and development for 25 years before she sold it to the Cleveland & Sandusky Brewing Company and retired. In addition to operating a brewery and raising nine children, she was a founder and president of the Altenheim Society, which was a home for aged couples. She remained involved in the organization until her death in 1909. One of her sons, Herman C. Baehr, was elected county recorder, and served on the Cleveland Park Board before he was elected and served as mayor of Cleveland from 1910 -1912. He was also actively involved in the promotion of the west side, including serving on the board and as president of the Forest City Savings and Trust Association. Dr.

George Crile was a medical doctor, surgeon and one of the founders of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. He began his medical career in the small house on Church Avenue, shortly after receiving his medical degree in 1887. After serving in World War I, Crile, along with "Drs. William E. Lower, Frank E. Bunts and John Phillips, founded the Cleveland Clinic, which was a medical group practice modeled after the group practice of the Mayo brothers in Rochester, Minnesota. Dr. Crile The architecture firm of Cuddell & Richardson, designed the Odd Fellows building and the Seymour churches, houses, and downtown buildings. After retirement in 1903, Cuddell took an interest in planning and was involved in a critique of the Cleveland Group Plan of 1903 and proposed an alternative plan. occurred within the period of significance and reflect the evolution of the district.

2º Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, p. 305. remaining. District Integrity Important individuals associated with the history and development of the district. There were several individuals worth noting for their association with the history and development of County and State the district. While there are likely others, these individuals are connected with the buildings that exist Magdalena Baehr took over the management of her late husband's Baehr Brewery and guided its Block, in the district. According to the Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, Cuddell & Richardson, was association. While some of the buildings in the district have changed over time, most of the changes served as president of the foundation from 1921-40.

The proposed historic district retains integrity of location, design, materials, workmanship, feeling and United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State historic relationships within the urban grid, as well as relationships with one another. The buildings have integrity of design as they reflect over 100 years of architectural styles, including the Gothic Revival St. John's Church; Italianate Odd Fellows building and Seymour Block; Second Empire Dr. Lather's Building, and early-mid 20* century industrial in the Phoenix/Lester Engineering complex. are all readily evident in the structures in their current form.

The workmanship is evident in details, such as the carved stone storefront piers on the Odd Fellows building and the Seymour Block; the maintains the feeling of an urban district that was built over time and reflects the form that it had by of how the district developed and changed over time, as well as with the persons and events that shaped that history. The National Register historic district listings for Ohio City cover the area south and west of the proposed district. They describe the period around the turn of the 20t* century - a time of change in those nominations describe a district that is largely residential in character. This proposed district complements that earlier work by recognizing and documenting the historical themes and development forces that drove the area's change in character.

The proposed district, located adjacent to two major NR-listed bridges that are critical to the story, is centered on the intersection of the two most important near west side thoroughfares, West 25" Street and Detroit Avenue. The district this location to the near west side's evolution over the period of more than a century. District Crile House;Classical Revival Forest City Savings and Trust Building;early 2oth century commercial The buildings have integrity of location as they are all located on original sites and retain their NPS Form 10-900 the character in the neighborhood, with an increase in industrial and commercial activities. However, The original materials used in the district include stone, brick, terracotta and board & batten, which carving on St. John's Church; and the wrought iron fence in front of the St. John's Chapel.

The district contains the best-preserved collection of historic resources that help to understand the importance of United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25* Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form.) Aerial Photographs of Cuyahoga County. Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1951. Aerial Photographs of Cleveland, Ohio. Natural Resource Conservation District, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1979. Beers, Larry A. Franklin Circle District, National Register nomination, 1973. Building Cards, Cuyahoga County Archives Building Permit Index, Cleveland City Hall Building Permits, Cleveland City Hall Bridges of Cleveland & Cuyahoga County. 1918, digitized by the Cleveland State University Library. Bunts, Alexander, T.M.D. & Crile, George, Jr. M.D. To Act as a Unit, The Story of the Cleveland Clinic. 1971 Cimperman, John and Kaiser, Robert. Forest City Bank Building. National Register nomination, 1985. Franklin Boulevard Historic District.

National Register nomination, 1985. Ohio City District Amendment. National Register nomination. Cleveland City Directories Cleveland Illustrated: the Rise of Industry, 1861-1899. www.clevelandmemory.org Cleveland Landmarks Commission files, Cleveland City Hall of Architects, 1990. Google Earth Johannesen, Eric. Ohio City Preservation District. National Register nomination, 1974. Lake, D.J. Atlas of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Philadelphia: Titus, Simmons & Titus, 1874. nomination, 2005. Miller, Carl H. Breweries of Cleveland. Cleveland: Schnitzelbank Press, 1998. Musson, Robert A. M.D. Brewing Beer in the Buckeye State, Vol. 1, Indiana Publishing Co., 2005. Brewing in Cleveland, Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2005 County and State District (Expires 5/31/2012) National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Atlas of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Chicago: George F.

Cram Company, 1892. Biography of Herman C. Baehr. Cuyahoga County, OH Biographies, www.onlinebiographies.info Hopkins, Griffith Morgan. City Atlas of Cleveland, Ohio. Philadelphia: G.M. Hopkins, 1881, 1912, 1922 McQuillin, Steve. Franklin Boulevard- West Clinton Avenue Historic District Boundary Increase, National Register United States Department of the Interior National Park Service /National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25 Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State Photograph Collection, Cleveland Public Library Rusk, Sarah E. Hezekiah Eldredge, Architect-Builder of St. John's Church, Cleveland, Ohio. Sanborn Insurance Maps of Cleveland, Ohio, New York: Sanborn Map & Publishing Co., 1886, 1952 updated to 1971 Wheeler, Robert. Pleasantly Situated on the West Side.. Western Reserve Historical Society, 1980.

Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67 has been X State Historic Preservation Office Other State agency X previously listed in the National Register Federal agency previously determined eligible by the National Register X. Local govemment designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey #_ Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Cleveland recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # recorded by Historic American Landscape Survey # Historic Resources Survey Number (if 10.

Geographical Data 2704 Church Avenue to the intersection with the south curb line of Church Avenue; go west to the intersection with West Alley to the point of beginning Boundary Justification Theboundaries ofthe district reflectthe extent of surviving commercial/industrial development that was spurred by the development of the Superior Viaduct and Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge connecting Ohio City and downtown just a few years of its completion in 1878, the district was fully developed. First generation commercial and residential buildings were replaced with larger commercial structures and industrial buildings during the 20t* century. The district neighborhood for over a century. 440894 4593193 Northing Zone University Easting Other District requested) assigned): UTM References Verbal Boundary Description (Expires 5/31/2012) NPS Form 10-900 Van Tassel, David and Grabowski, John.

Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Cleveland: Case Western Reserve Name of repository: Landmarks Commission Beginzing at curb line at the intersection of West 25'Street and Aust Alley, proceed north along the west curb line of Cleveland. The area was sparsely developed in the early 1870s before construction of the Superior Viaduct, but within appears today, much as it did at the end of the period of significance in 1954 and it represents the evolution of this 28" Street; go south along the east curb line of West 28* Street to the intersection with Aust Alley; go east along Aust United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property County and State 11.

Form Prepared By name/title Nancy Recchie/Historic Preservation Consultant organization Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. date March 2012 street & number 393 Library Park South city or town Columbus State: Ohio zip code 43215 nrecchie@columbus.rr.com or nrecchie@gmail.com Submit the following items with the completed form: - Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. - Continuation Sheets - Additional items: (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items.) or larger. Key all photographs to the sketch map. West 25t* - Detroit Avenue Historic District City or Vicinity: Cleveland, Ohio December 2011 Description of Photograph(s) and number: 1 of 70. 2 of 70 View of one of the carved marble mantels on the second floor residence of the Baehr Brewery 3 of 70 View of the other carved marble mantel in the family residence of the brewery.

4 of 70 View of one of the decorative plaster ceiling medallions in the family residence of the brewery. 5 of 70 6 of 70 7 of 70 Detail view of the brick chimney, which is one of the character-defining features of the brewery. right. e-mail District Photographer: County: telephone 614-221-0358 Additional Documentation Date Photographed: Nancy Recchie (Expires 5/31/2012) photographs to this map. NPS Form 10-900 View of 1516-1526 West 25th St. The façade of the Baehr Brewery saloon and residence are on the left and the infill building that was constructed between the brewery and the Odd Fellows building is on the View looking east along Aust alley. The painted brick portion is the Baehr saloon and residence. tall brick chimney is located in the southwest corner of the brewery complex. Submit clear and descriptive photographs.

The size of each image must be 1600x1200 pixels at 300 ppi (pixels per inch) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25t Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH 8 of 70 View of the south elevation of the powerhouse. The base of the brick chimney is on the left. 9 of 70 10 of 70 The Odd Fellows building occupies the corner location.Its top two floors were removed after being severely damaged in the 1953 tornado. 11 of 70 12 of 70 of the Odd Fellow building 13 of 70 14 of 70 John's Church one block west on Church Avenue. 15 of 70 20"century after the lower two floors of the building had been converted into industrial use and combined with the former Baehr Brewery buildings. 16 of 70 View of 1468-1472 West 25" Street. 17 of 70 View of 1450-1458 West 25* Street.

View of 1444-1448 West 25t Street. View of stone detailing in parapet of 1444-1448 West 25 Street. 23 of 70 View of West 25" Street south and east (West 25" St.) elevations of the Forest City Savings and Loan 24 of 70 View of West 25"h Street elevation of the Forest City Savings and Loan building 25 of 70 26 of 70 View of corner projection of the Forest City Savings and Loan building View of entrance detail of Forest City Savings and Loan building. View of interior of corner entrance of Forest City Savings and Loan building. View of Subway entrance detail of Forest City Savings and Loan building. 30 of 70 Subway entrance plaque on Forest City Savings and Loan building. District building.

Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) 20 of 70 27 of 70 County and State 21 of 70 22 of 70 Detail of the stone carving capital on the pilasters that separate the window openings on the second floor Painted sign on the stone corner pier of the storefront of the Odd Fellows building. It points to historic St. View of the north (Detroit Avenue) elevation of the Forest City Savings and Loan building. View looking west of the commercial block on West 25* between Church Avenue (right) and Aust alley. Name of the architect inscribed in the base of the stone corner pier in the storefront of the Odd Fellows View of stone decorative detail and dentils in parapet of 1450-1558 West 25" Street. United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) West 25" Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH Name of Property 31 of 70 View of cornice detail on Forest City Savings and Loan building. View of south side of Detroit Avenue looking west from West 25t* Street. 33 of 70 34 of 70 View of Detroit Avenue (north) and west elevations of Seymour Block on Detroit Avenue at West 26*h 35 of 70 Detail of cast iron storefront column on Seymour Block. Detail of and upper floors of Seymour Block. 37 of 70 Detail of cornice of Seymour Block. 38 of 70 Detail of Seymour name in cornice. View of west elevation and rear wing of Seymour Block. 40 of 70 View of north and west elevations of Lather's Union building. Detail of entrance to upper floors of Lather's Union building. 44 of 70 View of Lather's Union building looking north from West 26 Street. 45 of 70 Lather's Union garage on West 26 Street.

46 of 70 View of south elevation of St. John's Episcopal Church on Church Avenue at West 26" Street. Detail of entrance of St. John's Episcopal Church. 48 of 70 49 of 70 50 of 70 View of west elevation of St. John's Episcopal Church. 51 of 70 Plaque on St. John's Episcopal Church View of St. John's Episcopal Church and Chapel looking north from Church Avenue. 53 of 70 Front yard and iron fence surrounding the chapel. 54 of 70 West elevation of St. John's Episcopal Chapel 55 of 70 56 of 70 57 of 70 Streetscape view of north side of Church Avenue looking east from West 28t Street. District Street. County and State 52 of 70 Storefronts of Lather's Union building. 47 of 70 View of east and north(rear) elevations of St.John's Episcopal Church. 32 of 70 View of Church Avenue(south) and east elevations of Rex's Body Shop building.

36 of 70 View of Detroit Avenue (north) and West 26th Street (east) elevations of Lather's Union building 39 of 70 41 of 70 42 of 70 43 of 70 National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places Registration Form View of West 26* Street (east) elevation of St. John's Episcopal Church United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 West 25' Street - Detroit Avenue Historic Cuyahoga Co., OH County and State 58 of 70 59 of 70 Detail of the entrance of the Dr. George Crile house. 60 of 70 Detail of the West 26" Street (west) elevation of the Dr. George Crile house. 61 of 70 View of the Morgan building on Church Avenue. 62 of 70 Detail of "The Morgan" name in the parapet of the building.

63 of 70 View of the Church Avenue (north) and West 28" Street (west) elevations of the Phoenix Ice Machines 64 of 70 View of the south side of Church Avenue looking east at the additions to the Phoenix Ice Machine Company made by Lester Engineering. 65 of 70 66 of 70 View of the West 28' Street (west) and Aust alley (south) elevations of the Phoenix Ice Machine building 67 of 70 View looking east from West 28"Street along Aust alley showing the additions made by Lester 68 of 70 1878 and 1917) over the Superior Viaduct. 69 of 70 70 of 70 intersection of West 25 Street and Detroit Avenue.

(Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) See Continuation Sheet street & number city or town Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of Engineering. Company. Name state District telephone Property Owner: zip code Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) National Park Service/National Register of Historic Places Registration Form View of Dr. George Crile house at the corner of Church Avenue and West 26" Street. View of the south side of Church Avenue looking west. The tall two-story building is the last addition made to the Lester Engineering building in 1960. It is the newest building within the district.

properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a this form to the Office of Planning and Performance Management. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1849 C. Street, NW, Washington, DC. View from the alignment of the Superior Viaduct showing the historic approach into the district (between benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places Indian Trails - Mounds - Fortifications (source: Encyclopedia of Cleveland History) Fig. 1 This illustration shows early Indian Trails.

The intersection of West 25 and Detroit Avenue is located at Page Continuation Sheet approximately the intersection of the Lake Shore Trail (east-west) and the Cuyahoga Path (north-south). County and State - Prehistoric Indian Mounds identified by Whittlesey - Prehistoric Indian Fortifications identified by Whittlesey Section number maps, images, photos C422 NOTE Lake Erie O20 O21 NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: Encyclopedia of Cleveland History) proposed district was still identified as a German neighborhood in the early 20# century.

Page Continuation Sheet Circa 1923 County and State National Register of Historic Places City of Cleveland Ethnic Settlements section is"German"and is bounded by the Cuyahoga River on the east and Detroit Avenue on the north.The Lake Erie Fig. 2. This illustration shows the distribution of ethnic settlements through the Cleveland area. The highlighted German Irish NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) West 25*h Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: 1874 Lake Atlas of Cuyahoga County, Ohio) of the map and Detroit Avenue on the top of the map. Page CHURCH Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places National Park Service County and State United States Department of the Interior Fig.3.This map illustrates development along Pearl(West 25t) on the right edge ORGHARO PLACE 378 NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev.

8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: 1881 Hopkins City Atlas of Cleveland, Ohio) Fig. 4. This map shows the extent of development in Ohio City. Detroit Avenue is the upper Page Continuation Sheet County and State National Register of Historic Places edge of the image and the proposed district is at and near the intersection of Pearl (north-south) and Detroit(east-west).The vast majority of the buildings were frame houses. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places (source: 1878 Frank Leslie's Weekly, reprinted at www.clevelandmemory.org) the areas west of Pearl as residential. The Superior Viaduct crosses the Flats area, connecting downtown Cleveland with the west side. Page Continuation Sheet County and State Fig.5.This drawing shows Pearl (later West 25th) with commercial buildings and much of the rest of maps, images, photos Section number NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH Fig. 6.

This historic photograph, from Cleveland Illustrated: The Rise of Industry, 1861-1899 illustrates St. John's Episcopal Church and the Dr. George Crile House (one of the founders of the Cleveland Clinic) Page Continuation Sheet County and State National Register of Historic Places NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: 1886 Sanborn Insurance Maps of Cleveland) Fig. 7. The map illustrates the extent of the Jacob Baehr Brewery at the time Page Continuation Sheet STREET County and State (top right corner of the image).The brewery is located at the southern edge of the district. National Register of Historic Places To the south and west, the land uses are mainly residential in character.

NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25" Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District Cuyahoga County, OH (source: 1922 Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Cleveland) Page Continuation Sheet County and State National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Fig.8. This map illustrates the Detroit-Superior High-Level Bridge in the upper right corner; the tunnels where the streetcars enter Detroit (upper left) and West 25th (middle). Name of Property NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: www.clevelandmemory.org) Fig. 9.

This image illustrates the heavy traffic that the Superior Viaduct carried above the Page Continuation Sheet County and State National Register of Historic Places Cuyahoga River valley. It probably dates from the late 19th century. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: Cuyahoga County Engineer's photos on www.clevelandmemory.org) extensive delays by the early 20th century and resulted in the construction of a true "high level" bridge that would allow river traffic to pass beneath it. Page Continuation Sheet County and State National Register of Historic Places Fig.10.

The center span of the bridge could swing for boat traffic to pass on the river.It caused maps, images, photos Section number NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH maps, images, photos (source: Cuyahoga County Engineer's photos on www.clevelandmemory.org) Fig. 11. This is a view of the Detroit-Superior High Level Bridge under construction, c. 1916. The height of the bridge made it possible for river traffic to pass under it without disrupting the traffic on the bridge. Page Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places Section number County and State NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25*h Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places (source: Bridges of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County digitized by Cleveland State University Library) Fig. 12. This photo shows the streetcar tunnel on Detroit Avenue. The dome visible in the distance (right) was on the Forest City Savings and Loan Building at the corner of West 25th and Detroit. Page Continuation Sheet County and State Section number _ maps, images, photos NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH (source: private collection of Rex Body Shop owner) Fig. 13.

This early c.1950 photo is looking north with St. John's Church on the upper right, the chimney from the Baehr Brewery power plant in the lower right and the Lester Engineering complex in the middle. By this time, all but one of the houses on the south side of Church Street had been replaced by the expanding industrial uses in the block. The alley that runs along the alley next to Lester Engineering and the former Baehr Brewery forms the southern boundary of the proposed district. The final section of the Lester Engineering Co. was completed c. 1960 and the entire block became industrial. Page Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places County and State Section number maps, images, photos NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH Fig. 14. This map illustrates the path of the 1953 tornado that hit the district. Hopkins Airport June &, 1953 Fig. 15. This photo was taken near Cleveland Hopkins Airport on the southwest side of Cleveland, just a few miles from Ohio City. Page Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places County and State Mednao OAkron Findlay Heights Massilono Canton Clevelang Elyria Strongsvile NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25h Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH when Monday's twister tore the house. from its shown-(above) in this air tie of the area between Rockwell and- Hamilton Ates.

and E. 17th and F., Arrow. points to High 1500 block of W. 25th St. Fig. 16. This newspaper article, the day after the 1953 tornado, has a photograph that looks north into the district. The building with the sign Reister & Thesmacher is painted on the IOOF Building, which sustained significant damage. The cornice of the former Baehr Brewery, immediately to the south, also Page timbers. Continuation Sheet appears tobe damaged. The hop-skip-and-jump National Park Service Fischer and her husband escaped with minor injuries National Register of Historic Places County and State pattern of the tornado is Mrs.Paula Fischer looks at'the rubble of what once washer home at 12612 Matherson Avr,Both Mrs. Level Bridge at end of Section number maps, images, photos foundations and piled it into a heap of broken SHEET NETAL PRODUCTS NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places Cuyahoga County Total 637,425 Cleveland His + Fig. 17-19 This series of three maps, from The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, show the distribution of population in Cuyahoga County during three different time periods. In 1910, most of the county's population lived within the City of Cleveland. The surrounding townships were fairly sparsely developed. During this period, business and industry was concentrated in Cleveland and public transportation was available within the city boundaries. 1910 Page 1,207 Continuation Sheet 573.872 Population of Cuyahoga County Name of Property County and State 1,717 2.931 O422 O20 O322 254 1,942 2.576 3.903 1,250 NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25th Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places Cuyahoga County Total 1,201,455 Fig. 18. The population of Cleveland had increased by nearly 400,000 in just two decades. By 1930, it is apparent that the population movement into the surrounding suburban communities had begun. 1930 281 Page 12.751 Continuation Sheet County and State Population of Cuyahoga County National Park Service 902,471 Lake Erie Name of Property 2,453 O21 O20 Bay Village Brook Park 215 874 875 581 344 316 877 Cleveland 2,624 2,612 1,889 70,509 1.922 5,697 2,294 Hunting Valley NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) OMB No.

1024-0018 (Expires 5-31-2012) United States Department of the Interior West 25"h Street- Detroit Avenue Historic District National Park Service Name of Property Cuyahoga County, OH National Register of Historic Places Cuyahoga County Total 1,498,295 L O322 county grew. It is clear that in the post-war period, the population in the county increased and people moved out of the city to surrounding suburban communities.

254 1980 Page Continuation Sheet 16,218 County and State 28,577 Population of Cuyahoga County 573.822 Fig.19.By1980,Cleveland'spopulation had dropped to its level in1910,but the population of the Lake Erie Brook Park 136 633 29.735 Cleveland 17,671 32.487 2.376 13,214 5.868 10,132 10.920 5.739 8,165 3,083 23.112 19.483 6,177 26.195 56.438 Maytield Highland Hts 21.084 3,577 O21 O20 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NAME : DATE OF PENDING LIST: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments I/N see attached SLR Y/N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the TELEPHONE REJECT RETURN DATE MULTIPLE DISCIPLINE 1/23/13 REVIEWER 12/07/12 The National Register RECOM./CRITERIA PDIL: VACCEPT EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET OTHER: Entered in DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Historic Places DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF 45TH DAY: REQUEST: N N SLR DRAFT: N STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Cuyahoga NATIONAL: SAMPLE: W.25TH-DETROIT AVE H.D.

CLEVELANO CLEUELAND W.25TH-DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELAND W.25TH- DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELRND W.25TH- DETROIT AVE. H. D. CLEUELANO DLEUELANO W. 35TH - DET ROIT AUE. H. D. LEUELANO CUYAHOGA CO, OH LEUELANO W.25TH- DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELANO CUYAHOGA CO., OH CLEUELAWO CLEUEUANO BUILT IN 1836 CHURCH MEPIS COPAL CLEUELANO CLEUELANO GROUP INC - Michael D. Gatto 216-621-1800 Rev. Richard E. Sering CENTER FOR RIGHT RELATIONSHIPS AVAILABLE CLEUEUANO TRUCK PARTS FLEETWISE ALTER CLEUELANO CLEUELANO CLEUELAND CUYAHOGA COUNTY, OH CLEUELANO CLEUEUAND LEUELAND Rain or Shine. Working Day & Night. CLEUELANO FOR LEASI CLEUELAND W.25TH - DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELAND CLEUELANO CLEUELAND Co., OH JOHN E CURRY JAMES A. REYNOLDS SUBWAY ENTRANCE JOSEPH E GORMAN MARTIA E.

FRIEDMAN COUNTY COMMISSIONERS JOHN O MWILLIAMS CLEUELAND CLEUELANO Historic District LAKEFRONT CITY CLEVELAND OHIO BIKEWAY CLEUELAND CLEUELAND W. 25TH- DETROIT AUE. H.D. CLEUELANO CLEUEANO CUNAHOGACO., OH CLEUELAND SEYMOUR DOL CLEUELAND CUYAHOGACo. OH CLEUELAWD CUYAHOGACo, oH CLEUELANO W.25TH-DETROIT AUE.H. D. OAKLEY 216-772-4700 FOR LEASE CLEUELANO W.25TH-DETROIT AVE.H.D. 2605 CUYAHOGA CO;OH CLEUELAND Beauty Barber Coming Soon! Supplies W.25TH-DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELAWD CUYAHOGA Co., OH W.25TH-DETROITAUE. H.D. CLEUELANO CUYAHOGA CO., OH W.25TH-DETROIT AUE H. D. CLEUELAND CUYAHOGA CO, OH CLEUELAND CLEUELANO CLEUELAND ' W.25TH - DETROIT AVE. H.D. - NO. 10 - CLEVELAND THIS TABLET COMMEMORATES THE BRECTION CORNER OF WALL ST. AND CHURCH AVE.THE LANDMARK CLEUELAMD W.25TH-DETROIT AVE. H.D. CLEUELANO CLEUELANO DLEUELAND HEX BODY CU CLEUELAND LEUELAND W. 25TH - DETROIT AVE. H. D.

2516 CLEUELANP CUYAHOGA Co, CLEUELAND CUYAHOGACO, OH CLEUELAND W.25TH-DETROIT AVE.H.D. THE MORGAN CUYAHOGA CO., OH CLEUELAND CLEVELAND CLEUELAND Grades K-8 Enrolling Now! Arts and Sciences Ph:216-344-2081 Preparatory Academy CLEUELAND CLEUELAND CLEUELANP W.a5TH -DETROIT AUE.H. P. CLEUELANP W 25th W.25TH-DETROIT AVE. H.D CLEUELAND 17 440894 4593113 CLEVELAND SOUTH, OH USGS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CLEVELANO OHIO-CUYAHOGA CU WEST 25TH- HISTORIC DISTRICT 7.5-MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CLEVELAND SOUTH QUADRANGLE 1994 Aust Ct CUYAHOGA Co., OH W. 25TH - DETROIT AUE. HISTORIC DISTRICT Detroit Ave W 28th St irch Ave CLEUELAND, CUYAHOGA Co, OH W.25TH- DETROrT AVE. H. D. W 26th St BUILDING/ BOUWDARIES MAP CLEUELAUD CLELELAND, CUYAHOGA CO, OH W.25TH - DETROIT AVE. H.D.

PHOTO VIEW MAP W 28th St W 26th St W 271 PHOTO VIEWS Aust Ct Detroit Ave Church Ave K18-19 irch Ave 57> WEST 25TH STREET LOFTS LLC October 22, 2012 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 800 East 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211-2474 Re: Support of Detroit-West 25th Street Historic District As owners of multiple buildings stretching from West 25th to West 28th Street along Church Avenue and comprising nearly 100,000 square feet of space, we enthusiastically endorse the creation of a new federal historic district in this area. Cleveland Clinic hospital has threatened our area's historic structures. This new federal district will help to protect buildings in the area while providing the support of the federal historic tax credit to assist in the cost of appropriate restoration, rehabilitation, and reuse of vintage properties.

Since two major properties that we own were built in 1873 and 1874, we welcome the creation of this federal district and look forward to restoring these properties in a historically sensitive manner. Rick Foran, member and principal 2611 Church Avenue :: Cleveland, Ohio 44113 :: 216. 357. 2525 : Fax: 357.2526 Sincerely October 24, 2012 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 800 East 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211-2474 Re: Support of Detroit-West 25th Street Historic District As the owner of several properties including 1400, 1402, and 1444 West 25th Street plus 2519 Detroit Avenue, we are in the midst of this new district and have several buildings covering nine-tenths of an acre of urban land. Since our building are among some of the oldest in the area, we are pleased to qualify for the federal historic preservation tax credit for improvements made to our facility.

Since we are already controlled by the Design Review Committee, this new federal district would provide financial incentives for us to make improvements which will help to maintain our business Massimo da Milano West 25th & Detroit Avenue Cleveland, Ohio here. Yours truly, created. Tony Dilorio To whom it may concern: Iam writing you today to express my support for the above proposed historic district being 24 October 2012 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 800 East 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211-2474 Re: Support of Detroit-West 25th Street Historic District created. As the owner of the property at 2704 Church Avenue, we are in the midst of this new Since our building is approximately 90 years old, we are pleased that we might qualify for the federal historic preservation tax credit for improvements made to our facility.

Since we are already controlled by the Cleveland Landmarks Commission, this new federal district would 2704 Church Avenue Cleveland, Ohio district. business here. Yours truly, To whom it may concern: Iam writing you today to express my support for the above proposed historic district being provide financial incentives for us to make improvements which will help to maintain our Jeff Lakatos REC'D BY OHPO OCT 26 2012 ACAI LLC Chagrin Falls, Ohio 44023 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211-2497 Attn: Susan M. Tietz Subject: 1468 West 25th Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 1-440-935-3000 cell 1-440-543-8230 home Resident Summit County My Commission Expires: 04/11/2016 10-25-12 Sincerely, President Notarization: 9010 Bainbridge Rd. Mark Samsonas National Register and Survey Manager Ohio) to be considered for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.

Dear Susan, David Getz Notary Public, State of Ohio 1, the President of ACAI LLC, do not want our property (located at 1468 W 25"* Street, Cleveland, DEC 0 7 2012 December 3, 2012 Ms. Carol D. Shull, Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places 1201 Eye Street, NW (2280) Washington DC 20005 Enclosed please find seven (7) new National Register nominations for Ohio. All appropriate notification procedures have been followed for the new nomination submission. NEW NOMINATION Downtown Ashland Historic District Baldwin-Wallace College North Campus Historic District John Carroll University North Quad Historic District West 25th Street-Detroit Avenue Historic District Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad Depot owners within the historic district.

If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000. Burt Logan Executive Director and CEO State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office 800 East 17th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43211 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 COUNTY HISTORY Ashland Enclosures www.ohiohistory.org Medina Sincerely, Cuyahoga OHIO National Register Record Rendezvous OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY We have received one owner objection letter for a property within the West 25th Street-Detroit Avenue Historic District nomination.This letter does not constitute a majority of private property Dear Ms.

Shull: The East Ohio Building National Park Service RECEIVE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NPS TRANSMITTAL CHECK LIST OHIO HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE Columbus, OH 43211 For nomination of the West 25+st- _to the National Register of Original National Register of Historic Places nomination form Multiple Property Nomination Cover Document Multiple Property Nomination form CD with electronic images Please provide a substantive review of this nomination This property has been certified under 36 CFR 67 do not X Constitute a majority of property owners Other (614)-298-2000 Photographs COMMENTS: Historic Places: Original USGS map(s) Sketch map(s)/Photograph view map(s)/Floor plan(s) The enclosed owner objection(s) do 800 E. 17th Avenue