Nomination for Trinity Rectory

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NI Form 10-300 (July 1969) PH0006688. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE H13 Nº utm NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM STATE: Mass. COUNTY: Suffolk FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) DATE FEB 23 1972 NAME C OMMON: Trinity Rectory AND/ OR HISTORIC: LOCATION STREET AND NUMBER: Congressional District 8 NE corner Clarendon and Newbury Streets CITY OR TOWN: Boston STATE CODE 25 COUNTY: SUFFOIK CODE 25 Mass.

CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY (Check One) District Site OWNERSHIP Building Structure Obiect Public Private Both Public Acquisition: - In Process Being Considered Occupied Unoccupied - Preservation work in progress ACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC Yes: Restricted Unrestricted No PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Agricultural Commercial Educational Entertainment Government Industrial Military Museum Park Private Residence Religious Scientific Transportation - Other (Specify) - Comments OWNER OF PROPERTY OWNER'S NAME: Trinity Church in the City of Boston STREET AND NUMBER: Copley Square CITY OR TOWN: Boston LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Suffolk County Registry of Deeds STREET AND NUMBER: Pemberton Square CITY OR TOWN: STATE: Mass- STATE: Mass. CODE 025 Suffolk COUNTY: STATE CODE Boston Mass.

025 REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE OF SURVEY: Inventory of the historic assets of the Commonwealth DATE OF SURVEY: 1971 Federal X] State - County - Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: Massachusetts Historical Commission STREET AND NUMBER: ENTRY NUMBER Office of the Secretary, State House CITY OR TOWN: Boston STATE: Mass. FEB CODE TO 025 1972 DATE FOR NPS USE ONLY 3 DESCRIPTION * Excellent - Good - Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) * Altered - Unaltered Moved Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

3 The Trinity Church Rectory (1879), a three story red brick structure, is located on the northeast corner of Clarendon and Newbury Streets. Its pitched roof with transverse gables is broken by two dormers of unequal size over the main facade, and by smaller twin dormers over the south elevation. A large exterior chimney is centered on both the north and the south facades, while a third interior chimney breaks through the main roof to the south of center. The rectangular plan of the house leaves enough space for a very small garden between the narrow south facade and Newbury Street. A small courtyard with brick wall encloses the land between the Rectory and an alley to the north.

The most prominent feature of the Trinity Church Rectory's main facade is the deeply recessed entrance porch spanned by a low, broad arch of brown- stone.As éye-catching and characteristic as the arch may be, it is the placement of the second story windows that is of primary importance in Richardson's plan. Placed at irregular intervals in the red brick facade, cthese seven windows dictage the placement of every other element in the frónt elevation. At each end of the house a decorative panel of cut brick separates a pair of these windows to form a unit of design which aligns itself with the banks of windows on the first story and with simple gables in the third story. The brick panel between the pair of windows on the north side of the main facade is wider than that on the south, allowing space for four mullioned first floor windows on the nosth side but only three on the south.

Iwo more of these windows, flanking another decorative panel, are placed symmetrically over the wide arch of the recessed entrance porch. These windows establish the position of the larger of the two roof dormers facing Clarendon Street. The final second story window dictates the position of a single mullioned window on the first story and the smaller or the two dormers on the roof. In spite of the use of similar elements in both gabled ends of the rsouthone is considerably larger than the north. This difference is evidenced by the wider course of mullioned windows, a larger panel of brick decoration and a broader gable with round arched window. The heavy copper downspout gives the south section the appearance of a projecting mass, isolating it and giving it a visual weight and emphasis.

The arched entrance and the larger dormer window directly above it have been positioned slightly to the left of the vertical axis in order to balance the two sections. Horizontal unity is stressed by the four string courses of smooth brownstone running across the facade, at the base (the waterttable), mullion, and top of the first story windows, and at the level of the main cornice. Repetition of window shapes across entire stories further emphasizes the horizontal unity of the surface. Although the windows vary in shape from floor to floor, the size of the panes is consistent throughout. The most striking feature on the Newbury Street elevation is the bay extena- ing up to the cornice line. Curved planes connect the front wall of the projecting side chimney to the south facade of the building. Windows in these curved planes allow the chimney pièce to function as a bay window.

The shape of the first and second story windows of the front facade is reiterated in this side with a pair of windows flanking the chimney on both floors. On the roof a single hipped dormer is visible on each side of the chimney. The opposite end of the roof is adorned with a similar chimeny; however, the curved planes visually connecting the chimney to the wall of the building are absent. The brownstone string courses are continued m Form 10-300c (July 1959) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM Massachusetts COUNTY Suffolk FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Continuation Sheet) Num FEB 23 1972 7. Description (continued) around the building as are occasional strips of red brick set in patterns.

With the exception of a few details in brownstone, the entire facade of' the Rectory is built of hard red brick from a brickyard in North Cambridge, also the source of bricks for Richardson's Sever Hall (1878-80) at Harvard. A third floor was added to the Rectory in 1893. With the exception of the three brick panels and the chimney bay, the design of the existing second storey is repeated in this addition. The roof was rebuilt as accurately as possible. There have been no further additions or alterations to the Rectory.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) - Pre-Columbian | - 15th Century 16th Century 17th Century - 18th Century 19th Century - 20th Century SPECIFIC DATE(S) (If Applicable and Known) 1879-1880 AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Abor iginal Education Prehistoric Engineering Historic Industry Agriculture Invention Architecture Landscape - Art Architecture Commerce - Literature Communications Conservation Military Music Political Religion/Phi- losophy Science Sculpture Social/Human- itarian Theater Transportation - Urban Planning Other (Specify) STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Statement of significance

The Rectory of Trinity Church in Boston is the work of Henry Hobson Richardson, considered the first great architect to work in a truly national idion. This red brick townhouse is typical of the architectis American, or Richardsonian Romanesque style. The Rectøry is the first in a series of excellent houses built by Richardson in the 1880's and, according to Professor Bainbridge Back Bay dwellings " Bunting, it is "certainly the best of Richardson'. As the result of a competition, Richardson was chosen architect for Trinity Church, on which work began in 1872. The surrent rector of Trinity Church was Phillips Brooks. Most often remembered for his carol, "o Little Town of Bethlehem," Brooks was also one of the great clergymen of his day and later became sixth Bishop of Massachusetts.

During the building of the Church, he and the architect formed a close friendship, and in 1879, two years after the completion of Trinity Church, Richardson was given the commission for Brooks' new residence, the Trinity Rectory. - 1. Bunting, Bainbridge, Housesof Boston's Back Bay, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1967, p.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Hitchcock, Henry Russell, The Architecture of H. H. Richardon and His Times, Cambridge, M.I.T. Press, 1966. Bunting, Bainbridge. Houses of Boston's Back Bay, Cambridge, Harvard Univen- sity Press, 1967. Van Rensselaer, Marianna Griswodd, Henry Hobson Richardson. Boston, 1888. 19, 329010/ 4690700 UT ReF 0. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY CORNER LATITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds R LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds 42 ° 21 ' 05 - 72 ° 04 ' 33 " NW NE SE SW APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: ca.

½ acre LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE: CODE COUNTY STATE: CODE STATE: CODE STATE: CODE FORM PREPARED BY NAME AND TITLE: Anne R. Wardwell, Survey Director ORGANIZATION Massachusetts Historical Commission STREET AND NUMBER: State House CITY OR TOWN: Boston STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.

The recommended level of significance of this nomination is: Nationa1 * State Local sae hot-temnua Chairman, Massachusetts Historical Title Commission Date July 27, 1971 CODE COUNTY: CODE COUNTY: CODE COUNTY: CODE DATE August 30, 1971 STATE CODE 025 Mass. NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION I hereby certify that this property is included in the Nationa1 Register. Cumt A ennall Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation Date FEB 2 3 1972 ATTEST: Wllnwl Uuldat Date JAN 2 7 1972 M suffolk RECCIPT DATE OF RECEIPT 9/8/2/ nozTrinity DATA PAGE Recton STATE Mass NUMBER REGISTER NUMBER: PHOTO (S) FEB 2 3 1972 PHCTO DESCRIPTION (S) MAP (S) MAP DESCRIPTION (S) LOGGED ACKNOWLEDGE RESUBMIT 9/8/31 REVIEW cò HISTORIAN "'If it's Richanlen, it he to bgog Olaay. ox meau 11/8/71 125/12 ARCHEOLOGIST ARCHITECT ASST.

KEEPER KEEPER WRITER/EDITOR CHIEF, OAHP EDITORIAL PROCESSING, EDITOR Federal Register Entry Logged FEB 23.1972 COMMENTS: Chambees 1-12-12 OK 12) Star 1/6/72 Eue 2-23 ok ED 1/17/72 4-4-72 Card FEB.2.3.1972__ Annual Edition Entry WORKING NUMBER 9,8.71.2 CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICI: #8 Boston Trinily Church Rectory the frant (west), Clavewdow Street fronde and the side (south), Newbury Street facade 71.433 NPS Number Title:. Fet.23,1922 ectory o Jrenity Church in the City of Boston Loc._ Suffelt Count, Mas arendon Street and sibe (sauth), Jouieg Street Kemhury PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER , 327000m E. CAMBRIDGE 328 SOr NEWBURYPORT 34 MI. EVERET] (CITY HALL) 3.9 M "illers - Rivert STATE OF, MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS 6768 | NE CHELSEA (CITY HALL) 1.7 (BOSTON NORTH) 2'30" 332 6.6 MI. TO U.S.

11(i 730 00( Worid Memoria Chai iellow Donnelly Field C A HARVARD MA/N BM INSTITUTED, DHNOLOGY Harvard Bridge MIDDLESEX CO SUFFOLK CO TANE- ONWEALTH Imore Baacon Fens Back Bay SIMMONS COLLEGE SANA RES Piles ast Bospon Athletic GE Couit House Ground East Cambridge Charlestown yooy Bridge Piay/ 34 Ground iCH River Dam "SUMNER TUNNEL crich TOLL MAYERICK Camp MARGINA Jeffries CENT 10 BROAD BROADWAY Kenda Square Oil Gas CANAL- *Pointt 38 Mpóss Contiare Hospital FUS NAVAL LONGFELLOW Immigration RES CAMBRID BRIDGE 28 HANOV 27 Sta 10 40 ) River ORIVE acon HilI -co 1 Sia 30 Biro Charles 72° 32 04- 2 -RIVER Basin Frag 38 Pond Boston Commone MÉMORIAL BM 150 05" Commonwealth Pier INNER Fish 37 28 34 Back (20 AVE Bay BM BOYLSTON RECTORY of TRINITY CHURCH in the Island Dolphins LARBO CENTRAI City of Boston DOKER U. S. G. S.: Boston South, Mass.

1956 Dry Dock hannel Scale: 1 : 24000 NOTT Fine Art Wentworth Institute Armory 'Form 10-301 (Dec. 1968) ... UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with map) STATE Massachusetts COUNTY Suffolk FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER DATE FEB 23 1972 Z NAME coMMoN: Rectory of Trinity Church in the City of Boston AND/OR HISTORIC: LOCATION STREET AND NUM BER: NE corner Clarendon and Newbury Streets CITY OR TOWN: Boston STATE: Massachusetts CODE 025 MAP REFERENCE 5°U.S.G.S. Boston (south) Massachusetts COUNTY: Suft01 171/1819 ON GiS SCALE: 1:24,000 DATE: 1956 REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. Froperty broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference.

TTT' CODE 025 ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER STATE MESGACNUSTYS Date Entered FEB 2 3 1972 Name Merrell Tavorn Horthborough Town-Hall Pirst beptist Church Old County Court Fouse (Irintty Rectory St. Lnke's Episcopel Chirch Crowinshield Houss Pirst Univezsalist Church Location South Ice Earkshire County Northhorough Porceater County Boston Suffolk Coanty Plymouth Piynouth County Beston Suffolk County Tanesborough Berkehira County Boston Sufiolk Couty Provincetown barnstable County Buckland Franklin County Griswold (Major Joseph) Houso Also Notified Hon. Edward M. Kennedy Fon. idward i. arooke Hon. Silvio o. Conte Fon. Harolá D. Donohue Hon. Tlonas P. O'leill, JI. Hon. Hastings keith Director, Northeast Region HR NRowland: mm 2/16/72 State Liaison OffLccr lion. John E. X.

Daveren Sccrotery of the Connonwealthi Chatrman, Iiassachuoctts Hiutorical Cormingion Offigo ol the Secrotary State Kouse Boston, Massechusetts 02133