Nomination for Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NOV 5 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS Ford Motor Company. Cleveland Plant AND/OR COMMON 2 LOCATION STREET & NUMBER _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT - VICINITY OF 21 - Louis Stokes PRESENT USE PUBLIC -WORK IN PROGRESS PUBLIC ACQUISITION XLYES: RESTRICTED _IN PROCESS -SCIENTIFIC _ YES: UNRESTRICTED OWNER OF PROPERTY c/o Courtland Management 1540 Leader Building 5 LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC.

6 REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS DEPOSITORY FOR 035 Ohio CODE Cuyahoga HISTORIC COUNTY CLASSIFICATION Ontario DATE EDUCATIONAL Cleveland NAME STATE OWNERSHIP AGRICULTURE STRUCTURE DATA SHEET DISTRICT TITLE ACCESSIBLE RECEIVED CATEGORY MILITARY SITE INDUSTRIAL STATUS OTHER: _ENTERTAINMENT COURTHOUSE. OBJECT. Cuyahoga County Building _PRIVATE _BEING CONSIDERED Euclid-ll6 Corporation SURVEY RECORDS _TRANSPORTATION XCOMMERCIAL _UNOCCUPIED _RELIGIOUS _GOVERNMENT _PRIVATE RESIDENCE 11610 Euclid Avenue FOR NPS USE ONLY MAR 1 7 1976 _PARK - MUSEUM _BOTH XBUILDING(SI 039 7 DESCRIPTION CHECK ONE GOOD _MOVED DATE_ DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

construction, approximately 40 meters by 80 meters. The street front is as a symmetrical facade, with the five wide central bays flanked by two end pavilions, but there is only one on the east end. The brick-veneered vertical piers and recessed spandrels clearly imply the skeletal structure continuous cornice above the windows. The original metal sash can be seen except on the third level, where they have been replaced by modern sash east end pavilion has three smaller windows on each floor and a squared-off pediment at the top which is also of brick and terra cotta. at the top level where the posts flare out to provide additional thickness. screen or party wall of brick, closing the interior space to the elements. On the interior, most of the open floor plan for mass production capital and continuous slab type. The bare simplicity of each of these concrete elements is evident.

On the second level, a spur track from with a wooden floor. At present, portions of the factory space have been temporarily partitioned with wooden framing, plaster board and composition board. Many of the areas are vacant and unused. There is no original machinery. CONDITION DETERIORATED XALTERED the nearby Norfolk and Western line enters directly into the building. segmental arch.These are faced with terra cotta, which also forms a following an interior explosion which destroyed the original windows.The XEXCELLENT _UNALTERED skeletal structure permits extensive windows for generous interior daylight. This is a four-story industrial factory structure of reinforced concrete faced with red brick and white terra cotta.It appears to have been conceived On the east elevation all pretense of architectural style"is abandoned.

underneath.Between the ground story and second floor there is a terra XORIGINAL SITE _UNEXPOSED _FAIR -RUINS forcefully the strength and solidity of the structure. This is especially true The articulation between posts and floor slabs may be clearly seen. This The west elevation is the least architectural. It appears to be simply a DATE cotta cornice course.Above the fourth story each bay is topped bya levels.Later the opening was framed in with steel I-beams and decked ¡AREAS OF

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW _COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC LAW _SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN COMMERCE _PHILOSOPHY COMMUNICATIONS _OTHER (SPECIFY) SPECIFIC DATES STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Statement of significance

This is one of the many branch assembly plants built at the time of the first great expansion of the Ford Motor Company for the manufacture of the of the moving assembly line at Highland Park, Michigan, and the year before Nevins, mass production is frequently misunderstood to be simply large-scale production by the use of interchangeable parts. In reality, it is a much more operation on seven principles: power, accuracy, economy, continuity, system, engineers familiar with the functional requirements, and then turned over to Motor Company in 1905. He was the favorite architect of Packard, Chrysler, General Motors and Ford, his work by 1938 accounting for 18% of all architect- designed building in the United States, according to Wayne Andrews.

Extensive window openings like those on the east side of the Cleveland plant were a no longer considered effective, but several existing older structures, includ- plant continued in operation until 1932. 1600-1699 1400-1499 1800-1899 1700-1799 1913-1914 EDUCATION construction. SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD X1900- THEATER RELIGION PREHISTORIC EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT BUILDER/ARCHITECT trademark.

ART MILITARY AGRICULTURE SCULPTURE ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC XARCHITECTURE Albert Kahn Ford's revolutionary five dollar a day minimum wage.According to Allan LITERATURE In 1923-1925, the company embarked on a massive expansion program XINDUSTRY _POLITICS/GOVERNMENT It is also a noteworthy example of early reinforced concrete industrial speed and repetition.It is characterized by the intricate intermeshing of _CONSERVATION _ENGINEERING - TRANSPORTATION - INVENTION the industrial architect to make plans.The architect of most of Ford's - ECONOMICS - 1500-1599 plants was Albert Kahn(1869-1942),who designed what is said to be the -SCIENCE Model T, and contemporary with the birth of the concept of mass production. ing the Cleveland plant, were successfully remodeled by Kahn. The Cleveland hundreds of moving operations, creating in effect a kinetic plant.

first reinforced concrete industrial structure in the United States for Packard The Cleveland plant was begun in 1913,the same year as the introduction _MUSIC 9

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES (New York, 1957), 5-7, 10, 13, 206-207, 255-256. Richard C. Wager, FOB Cleveland: Automobiles in the Western Reserve O GEOGRAPHICAL DATA UTM REFERENCES VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES 11 FORM PREPARED BY NAME / TITLE Eric Johannesen, Preservationist STREET & NUMBER 10825 East Boulevard CITY OR TOWN 12 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION NATIONAL - LOCAL _ As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665). I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the FOR NPS USE ONE KEEPER OF THE NA ZONAL REGISTEO 258-259.

216-721-5722 ORGANIZATION COUNTY CODE DATE NORTHING TELEPHONE Ohio ZONE Cleveland STATE Western Reserve Historical Society ATTEST: ZONE EASTING Acting April 1975 14,519.513,9,0 1892-1932 (unpubl. Ms., Western Reserve Historical Society) THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: DATE Oct, 30,1975 ICLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER 3-16-76 Photos - ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Inventory BNB /2 KEEPER TECHNICAL Re-submit BRANCH Entered Send-back Maps Cuyahoga HISTORIAN Federal Register Entry National Register Write-up State 3-16-76 MAR 17 1976 To haer. 11. 10.75 Accept IN T:2106- 74 E.Smith United States Department of the Interior National Park Service WASO No. 7 OTHER CONTROL Working Number 11. 5. 15. /96 6 NPS Number PROPERTY OF THZ NATIONAL REGISE 3/12/76 Form No. 10-301a (Pev.

10-7%) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM MAR 1 7 1976 SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS AND/OR COMMON COUNTY Cuyahoga STATE Ohio VICINITY OF DATE OF PHOTO NEGATIVE FILED AT DESCRIBE VIEW. DIRECTION. ETC. IF DISTRICT. GIVE BUILDING NAME & STREET East and north elevations, looking south. LOCATION HISTORIC PHOTO REFERENCE April 1975 NAME IDENTIFICATION Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant DATE ENTERED PHOTO NO FOR NPS USE ONLY NOV 5 CITY. TOWN Cleveland 1975 Ohio RECEIVED Form No. 10-301a (Pev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NOV 5 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM MAR 1 7 1976 DATE ENTERED AND/OR COMMON Cle veland COUNTY Cuyahoga CITY, TOWN _VICINITY OF STATE Ohio NEGATIVE FILED AT DESCRIBE VIEW. DIRECTION. ETC.

IF DISTRICT, GIVE BUILDING NAME & STREET South and east elevations, looking west. LOCATION RECEIVED Eric Johannesen IDENTIFICATION Western Reserve Historical Society PHOTO CREDIT NAME PHOTO REFERENCE SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS PHOTO NO. FOR NPS USE ONLY Ohio HISTORIC Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant April 1975 DATE OF PHOTO 51975 PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER NPS Numoer Form No. 10-301a (Pev. 10-7*) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVEDNOV 5 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM MAR 1 7 1976 DATE ENTERED AND/OR COMMON VICINITY OF COUNTY Cuyahoga DATE OF PHOTO April 1975 DESCRIBE VIEW. DIRECTION. ETC. IF DISTRICT, GIVE BUILDING NAME & STREET PHOTO NO HISTORIC LOCATION Third floor interior.

STATE Ohio IDENTIFICATION NAME PHOTO REFERENCE Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS FOR NPS USE ONLY 1975 Eric Johannesen PHOTO CREDIT NPS Number PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER Form No. 10-301a (Pev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NOV 5 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS AND/OR COMMON _VICINITY OF COUNTY Cuyahoga DATE OF PHOTO DESCRIBE VIEW. DIRECTION, ETC. IF DISTRICT. GIVE BUILDING NAME & STREET IDENTIFICATION LOCATION HISTORIC RECEIVED Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant NAME PHOTO REFERENCE DATE ENTERED April 1975 STATE Ohio FOR NPS USE ONLY PHOTO NO. MAR 1 Z 1976 TYPE ALL ENTRIES ENCLOSE WITH PHOTOGRAPH CITY. TOWN Cleveland Eric Johannesen Second floor interior, showing railroad siding.

PHOTO CREDIT EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO RECEIVED Cleveland Plant EAST CLEVELAND QUADRANGLE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNITED STATES 4595/390 North OHIO-CUYAHOGA CO. Form No. 10-301 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NOV 5 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM DATE ENTERED SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES - ENCLOSE WITH MAP AND/OR COMMON 2 LOCATION CITY, TOWN VICINITY OF MAP REFERENCE U.S. G. S. East Cleveland Quadrangle 1:24, 000 4 REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. PROPERTY BOUNDARIES 2. NORTH ARROW 3. UTM REFERENCES INT: 34 64 - 75 Cuyahoga 1970 Ohio Cleveland COUNTY DATE HISTORIC SOURCE STATE NAME SCALE Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant MAR 17 1976 1975 October 30, 1975 Dr.

William Murtagh, Keeper National Register of Historic Places NOV 5 Department of the Interior 18th & C Streets, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20240 Dear Dr. Murtagh: Advisory Board and owners of subject properties have been informed of our intent to Register: Thornton-Guise Kitchen and House, Summit Co. Freeman Site, Wood Co. Burr, George, House, Medina Co. Burrel1, Jabez and Robbins, House and Cheese Factory, Lorain Co. Columbia Town Hall, Lorain Co. - Immaculate Conception Church, Lorain Co. ~ Anderson, Judge William Shaw, House, Mahoning Co. Amber Site, Ashland Co. Cleveland Public Square, Cuyahoga Co. Brooke Site, Defiance Co. Butler, Cyrus, House, Erie Co. Riddle Block, Portage Co. -Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant. Cuyahoga Co. Pilgrim Congregational Church, Cuyahoga Co. St. Elizabeth's Magyar Roman Catholic Church, Cuyahoga Co. Forest City Brewery, Cuyahoga Co.

Terminal Group, Public Square, Cuyahoga Co. Moar Mound and Village, Warren Co. Lytle Park District, Hamilton Co. St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Hamilton Co. Wallace House, Hamilton Co. First Hancock County Courthouse, Hancock Co. Rader Site, Hancock Co. Officer; Director, Ohio Historical Society Ohio Historical Center I-71 & 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211 (614) 466-8727 Sincerely enclosures REGISTER NATIONAL Ohio Historic Preservation Office THS/g1k RECEIVED NEW SUBMISSIONS: National Park Service forms. All have been approved by the Ohio Historic Site Preservation Twinsburg Institute, Summit Co. Nhomas H. Smith, State Historic Preservation 1975 MAR 17 1970 Ford Motor Company Cleveland Plant Shawnee Historic District Pilgrim Congregational Church Cincinnati Butler, Cyrus, louse Hon. John H. Glenn, Jr. Hon. Louis Stokee Hon. Will.iaa H.

larsha INT: 2950-75 Location STATE Name Date Entered Mahoning County Also Notified Erie County Cuyahoga County Cleveland ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Perry County Bellevue Hon.Robert Hamilton County State Historlc Preservation Officer (United Church of Christ) Pickaway County Wilson-Gibsoa House Anderson, Judge V1lliem Shaw, House Hon. Charles J. Carneg Hon. Nil1is D. Gredison Birningham vicinity Region Mott 3/25/76 Shawnes / town major expansion * for the manufacture of the Model T. Midwest Factory PERSONAL: architectural style(s) vicinity of and Chrysler Albert Kahn c.1923-24--remodeled Eric Johannsen INSTITUTIONAL 1914-32--operated by Ford Noteworthy example of early reinforced concrete industrial construction;built during Ford Motor Company's first county code NATIONAL REGISTER DATA SHEET Commercial Bldg.

Spancrels 'only' 0 D ART-5 8) functions 28) master builder: Albert Kahn (1869-1942)--architect, designer of most of Ford's early plants, as well as those of Packard, GM 035 Cuyahoga engineer GROUP ASSOCIATION Ofair NAMES CURRENTLY: artisan: Xexcellent give role & date UCleveland EVENTS : Xless than1 CNPS REGION 1913-1@