MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Bristol County Registry of Deeds, New Bedford, Mass. Liber 7 folio 455 (17 April 1840) Liber 7 folio 453 (5 Oct. 1839) Liber 7 folio 453 (12 June 1840) Liber 59 folio 258 (28 Feb. 1866) Liber 1550 folio 152 (20 Jly.
1967) O GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY 92.70 rods QUADRANGLE NAME New Bedford North Quadrangle UTM REFERENCES A11,9 L34 , 13,5,9 14,611,410,0,0 ZONE EASTING NORTHING Liber 59 folio 260 (2 March 1867) See Continuation Sheet LlILiI FLL QUADRANGLE SCALE 1:24,000 ZONE L.Lu LI1.LL EASTING NORTHING LALLL LLILIL GL LLILLL LILI VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION Beginning at the southwest corner of the intersection of Washington and William streets in Fairhaven, thence running southerly in the west line of William Street 219' , thence westerlgee Contination ion"sheely 105.15', LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE CODE COUNTY CODE STATE CODE COUNTY CODE 11 FORM PREPARED BY NAME / TITLE Ellen Fletcher Rosebrock Massachusetts Historical Comm.
ORGANIZATION DATE The Preservation Partnership 20 March 1979 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE 74 West Central Street 617 727-8470 CITY OR TOWN STATE Natick, Massachusetts 12 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: NATIONAL_ STATE LOCAL_ As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), 1 hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and proceduresset forth by the National Park Service.
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE/ h Weslusk 416/79 TITLE Executive Director, Massachusetts Historical ComnPATE FOR NPS USE ONLY I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER Qdl NEEPER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER chadaCastringra DATE ATTEST: v Dauga DATE CHFEF-OP-REGISTRATION. 6.1579 6/15/25 GPO 921-803 Form No. 10-300a (Hev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED APR 12 1979 DATE ENTERED JUN | 5 1979 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 2 design were probably accomplished over the winter of 1839, when Sawin had selected and begun to assemble his land.
An inscription on a pantry drawer-bottom notes that its knobs were put on in October, 1841, suggesting that finish work was then being done; but another pencilled note seen elsewhere by the present owners is dated 1844. Perhaps certain refinements were still being made three years after the house was essentially complete. Although several architectural historians have tried to establish the identity of the architect of this outstanding house, no concrete evidénce has been found yet. One of the original pencilled inscriptions includes the name "Whitfield", although this man was probably the carpenter who made the inscribed detail rather than the architect of the house. That a professional architect was involved is hard to doubt. The local building tradition produced houses completely unrelated to this one stylistically.
In Fairhaven, the Greek Revival of the whaling 1830s was a delicate and subtle evolution of the Late Federal style. Gable ends face the street, and doorways often have semi- elliptical fanlights, and leaded sidelights over panels. Window lintels are splayed, in the 18th century manner. Gable fields of the more elaborate houses often have three-part windows echoing the shape of the entry door. By the 1840s, the detail had become heavier and courser, with trebeated door surrounds and large corner pilasters predominant. The few large, basically square houses that survive in Fair- haven partake of the late Federal delicacy of the gable-end houses. Nowhere in town does any building resemble the Sawin house. Ezekiel Sawin, who had no Fairhaven roots, was probably motivated to move to the town by the burgeoning prosperity and by the need to establish a bank to serve the whaling industry.
After living for at least a decade in the Middle Street house, which was adequate for most well-to-do businessmen by local standards, Sawin evidently intended to build a really impressive house worthy of his position as president of the bank. He would have been likely to employ an architect with an established reputa- tion probably an architect that he had heard of. New Bedford, just across the Acushnet River from Fairhaven, was rapidly growing and building at this time, and attracted a number of architects who were among the finest practitioners of the Greek Revival style in New England. Among those who worked in New Bedford were Russell Warren of Providence; Robert Mills, (official architect for the U.S. Treasury Dept.) whose design was used for the Custom House; and Richard Upjohn, from England, who established his own practice there in 1833.
Providence, Rhode Island, was the major architectural center close to Fairhaven. At work there were John Holden Greene, James C. Bucklin, and Warren. Boston, too, would have been a likely source for Ezekiel Sawin's architect: of the many people at work there, the names of Solomon Form No. 10-300a (Kev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED APR 1 2 1979 DATE ENTERED JUN 5 1979 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 3 Willard, Edward Shaw, and Isaiah Rogers were especially prominent.
(Solomon Willard was the inventor of an early hot air hea ting device that became well known among architects and engineers.) The resemblance of the Sawin house to the work of Elias Carter in Western Massach- usetts - especially to the Simeon Burt house (1834) in Worcester - is worth noting. But Carter's known work is concentrated in western and central Massachusetts, and Talbot Hamlin has noted similarities between the designs of Carter and those of the Providence architect Russell Warren, Russell Warren, who practiced extensively in New Bedford and whose services were widely sought in this part of New England, is probably the most likely candidate for the design of the Sawin house, followed by his sometime associate James Bucklin.
Elmhyrst, a Greek Revival house built in 1840 at One Mile Corner near Newport, was probably designed by Warren; and its use of wide corner pilasters without capitals to frame a slightly set-back facade plane is definitely reminiscent of the Sawin house. Ezekiel Sawin was a Selectman of the town of Fairhaven in 1839-40, and a Representative in 1835 and again in 1863-65. In 1857, he acted as State Senator for Bristol County. In addition to his bank and political responsibilties, Sawin was a shipowner as well: the Oscar out of Fairhaven belonged to him. In 1844 his daughter Lydia (probably named for his youngest sister) married Thomas Dawes, the new pastor of the Unitarian Church. Whaling prosperity peaked in 1854, then began a decline that became precipitous with the financial panic of 1857. These events could have demoralized Sawin, 75 years old in 1857.
He resigned as president and director in May, 1862. In February, 1866, Firman R. Whitwell, Isaiah F. Terry, and Joshua Stone, Sawin's assignees, sold the William Street house to James L. Robinson, who sold it just over a year later to Weston Howland of New Bedford. Sawin retained ownership of the Middle Street house, although he had given up most of his local activities. In 1868 he appears (for only one year) in the Boston directory with an office on mercantile Kilby Street, with his residence in Fairhaven. Although a check of probate records in Bristol, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Middlesex counties have yielded no information on Sawin's date or place of death, and the most detailed Sawin genealogy was written while he was still alive. Ezekiel probably died around 1870. Form No. 10-300a (Hev.
10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTOR Y -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED APR 12 1979 DATE ENTERED JUN 1 5 1979 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 4 Weston Howland, the next important owner of the house, was born in New Bedford in 1815, the son of "Captain" Weston Howland, a flour and grain merchant and ship- owner, and Abigail Hathaway Howland. His older brother Abraham H. Howland, was the first mayor of New Bedford. Weston Howland went to sea as a cabin boy at 14, and by the age of 26 was master of the whaler Susan. He retired from the sea in 1845, married Rebecca Smith Kirby, and went into business as a shipchandler, share-owner, and agent for whaling vessels.
Ironically enough, Weston Howland discovered a method for refining petroleum from crude oil: petroleum supplanted whale oil as a fuel and contributed to the decline of the whale fisheries on which New Bedford and Fairhaven had prospered. (Perhaps Howlands business interests - first in whale oil, then in petroleum, explain the surprising absence of a gas light- ing system in the Sawin-Howland house.) From 1861 through 1878 Weston Howland operated a petroleum refinery on Fish Island in the Acushnet River between New Bedford and Fairhaven, giving it up after the death of his son, who had been buying oil for him in Pennsylvania. He served as Collector of Customs for the Port of New Bedford from 1886 to 1890. Rebecca Howland died in 1895, Weston in 1901. Their three unmarried daughters continued to live in the house until the last one died in 1960. In 1967 their niece and heir, Elizabeth H.
Jordan, sold the house to Peter S. and Mary M. Grinnell, the present owners. Form No. 10-300a (Kev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED APR 12 1979 DATE ENTERED JUN 1 5 1979 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 9 PAGE 2 City Directories Boston, 1865-1870 Brookline, 1868 (first) New Bedford, 1867 (first; includes Fairhaven only in 1892) County Probate Courts Bristol (Taunton); Middlesex (Cambridge); Norfolk (Dedham); Suffolk (Boston) Emery, William M. The Howland Heirs, New Bedford, 1919. Fairhaven Old Home Week Association. A brief History of the Town of Fairhaven. Fairhaven, 1903. Fitch, James Marston. American Building: The Historical forces that shaped it. Cambridge: Houghton Mifflin, 1966. Grinnell, Peter S. and Mary M. Personal Communications, March, 1979.
Hamlin, Talbot. Greek Revival Architecture in America. New York: Dover, 1964. Harris, Charles A. Old Time Fairhaven. New Bedford, 1947. National Bank of Fairhaven. One Hundred and Twenty-five years - - . - Fairhaven, 1956. New Bedford Sunday Standard-Times - May 14, 1967. Sawin, Thomas E. Summary notes concerning John Sawin and his posterity. Wendell, MA., 1866. Form No. 10-300a (Kev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTOR Y -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED APR 12 1979 DATE ENTERED JUN | 5 1979 CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 10 PAGE 2 thence westerly again 75,4', thence northerly again 46.8', thence easterly 75.4', thence northerly again 64. 85' to the south line of Washington Street, and thence easterly again in the line of Washington Street 100' to the place of beginning. Being lot No.
88 in Assessors' Plat No. 9. Ezekiel Sawin House Fairhaven, MA sketch map UTM reference: 19/341350/4611000 APR 1 2 1979 JUN 1 5 1979 WASHINGTON ST WILLIAM ST. CENTER ST propert Samin, Egekiel, Hanse state mass. (Bristal working Number 4.12.79.8/9 TECHNICAL Photos Maps I, Sletch CONTROL 0K-4.12.79 HISTORIAN ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN ARCHEOLOGIST OTHER HAER WEU DESIENNED AND REMARKABLY INTALT GREEK REUNAL SiYUE ASS OCUSTED WITH MAN WHO WAS IUPORTANt In TIK COMMUNITY DURING LIS MOST PRODULTIVE ERA. THE HOUGE IS AN OWTSTANDING EtAMPUE DI ItS MYPtE. IT IS NOST HIKELY AN UNIDENTIRIED DESIGN DF A MAJOR ARCHITELTOE THE PERIOD. GOOD NAMINATION Inventory- Review REVIEW UNIT CHIEF AcLsPT.
MALPOUGAL 6/15/19 BRANCH CHIEF KEEPER National Register Write-up Federal Register Entry 1-3-79 Send-back Re-submit Entered JUN | 5 1979 United States Department of the Interior -Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service APR 12 1975 Ezekiel Sawin House Fairhaven, MA Bristo Co. Maximilian L. Ferro 1979 The Preservation Partnership, Natick MA Photo #1 JUN | 5 1979 View looking westward toward main facade Saum-Howsland house 44 Ezekiel Sawin House APR 12 1979 Fairhaven, MA Maximilian L. Ferro BRisto! 1979 The Preservation Partnership, Nati Photo #3 detail of main (east) entryway JUN 15 APR 12 1 Ezekiel Sawin House Fairhaven, MA Bristol Maximilian L. Ferro 1979 The Preservation Partnership, Natick, Photo #2 view looking north JUN |5 Sawin-Houladhe delail: i viau lodhig rorthue 4.12-79 April 10, 1979 Dr. William J.
Murtagh Keeper of the National Register Heritage Conservation and Recreation Commission 440 G Street N.W. Pension Building washington, D. 0.20243 Dear Dr. Murtagh: We are the owners of the property which has been nominated to the National Register of Historic Places: The Ezekiel Sawin House 44 William Street Fairhaven, Massachusetts We are aware of both the incentives and disincentives of the National Register Iist1n-day conmenting perioa., and hereby waive our right to May1m011/ Mary M. m prunnell Name Hooper-Lee-Nichols House Calvanistic Congregational Church Sawin, Ezekiel, House ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER STATE MASSACTUSETTS_ Date Entered JUN 1 5.1979 - Location Cambridge Middlesex CounLy Fitchburg Worcester County Fairhaven Bristol County Also Notified Honorable Paul G. Tsongas Honorable Zaward M. Kennady Honorable Monas 2. O'Netll, Jr. Ronorable Robert P.
Drinan Honorable Cerey R. Studds State Iistoric Preservation Officer Mrs. Patricia 1. Weslowski Pxecutive Director Massachnsetts Historical Connisston 224 Rashfngton Street Poston, Maesachugetts 02108 (NR Byers/bjr 6/19/79 For further infornation, please call the Vational Regieter,at (202)343-6401.