Major Bibliographical References See continuation sheet 10. Geographical Data 10 Acreage of nominated property Quadrangle name_ Boston South UT M References A L9 ] Zone 13/217/01510/ Easting C 119 13/217/21610 E L119 L3/217/01501 416/817/21715 Northing 1416 /817/0915 1416/817/050 GL Quadrangle scale1:25,000 119 Zone D 119 F 32172/410/ 416/81721510 Easting Northing 327|18,0 416/817 01010 LLILLL LIILIL LiLu Verbal boundary description and justification See continuation sheet List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries state N/A code county code state code county code 11.
Form Prepared By name/title Sarah Limmerman Director of Preservation Planning, MHC and organization Massachusetts Historical Commission -Idris Bilal (Boston Landmarks Commission), & Amy Jordan (Historic Boston Incorporate date August 1, 1984 (617) 727-8470 street & number 294 Washington St. telephone city or town Boston state MA 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: _ national X_ state X local As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89 665), I hereby nominate this property forinclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. State Historic Preservation Officer signature Varuie A.
Talmage title State Historic Preservation Officer For NPS use only I hereby certify that this property is included in the National Register intered 2nBil yer Mational Register date Nwemter 16,1384 2-21-83- date date Attest: Chief of Registration MPS Fomm 10-900-g. (3-82) United States Department of the Interior National Park Servica National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form FaR NPS: USBI GnTYL recsived: cate entered Continuation sheet New England Hospital/Dimock, Item number 8. Significance Boston 8 Page / in the newly annexed (1868) Roxbury section of Boston, the new hospital was now within the city limits which allowed it the convenience of municipal gas and water, yet it was far enough away from the center of the city to benefit from comparatively low land costs and the country air and quiet, which was seen as a desirable and healthful atmosphere.
The new location was a wooded site in the wedge formed by the - intersections of Washington Street and Columbus Avenue. After careful consideration, architects Cummings and Sears were selected to design the new hospital. Cummings and Sears, noted architects of the period, were also responsible for the design of New Old South Church in Baston (1876) (NR-1970) and the Bedford Building (1874-76) (NR-1979). W.T. Sears in his own right was responsible for the design of the Isabella Stuart Gardner Residence in Boston (1900-1902) (NR-1983).. Cummings and Sears were the first of three Boston architectural firms associated with the N.E.H., with later buildings designed by John A. Fox and Kendall, Taylor & Co.
In designing the original hospital building, Cummings and Sears followed the popular mid-nineteenth century pavilion hospital plan, a style derived from the Hotel Dieu in Paris and typified by open wards ventilated by windows on both sides. Cummings and Sears adapted the pavilion concept to give more privacy in the individual wards. They also made the most of the fresh air and sunshine the Roxbury site had to offer, siting the building at a slight angle from the north so that every room would receive some sunlight. Cummings and Sears' first designs were for the Cary Cottage (1872) (#1) (Photos #2,3) and the Zakrzewska Medical Building (1873) (#2) (Photos #1,6,7,8).
The Cary Cottage served as the hospital's original maternity cottage, and is also important as an almost intact example of Stick Style architecture: In 1876, the Zakrzewska Building won an award from the Centennial International Exhibition in Philadelphia its "we11-suited design securing economy of service, good distribution of various parts for ventilation and cheerful accommodations"( N.E.H Annual Report). A Laundry Building constructed in 1872 and also designed by Cummings and Sears, was subsequently destroyed by fire and replaced in 1890 by the present Laundry Building, designed by John A. Fox (#3) (Photo #4). Fox practiced architecture in the Boston area from 1867-1920. Two of his extant buildings are the Thomas Building (1887) at 130 Tremont Street and the Home for Aged Couples (1910) at 2055 Columbus Avenue.
Sometime during that same year Cummings and Sears designed the Power Building (#4) (Photo #10) adjacent to the New Laundry. The Power Building provided all the electricity, steam and heat for the complex until about 1960 when municipal service was installed and made the building obsolete. OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-34 NPS Form 10-900-e. (3-82) OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-34 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form Fon NPS:usaianty: TECSIVeC date antered. Continuation sheet New England Hospital/Dimock, Item number 8 Page Boston In 1892, the munificent bequest of Mr. Ezra Conant of Roxbury enabled the Directors to enlarge the complex with the Sewall Maternity Building (#5), designed by John A. Fox. The building was named after Dr. Lucy E. Sewall, a prominent early graduate of the N.E.H.
Fox also designed an addition to the Sewall Building in 1916 (#5A) (Photo #12). 2 With funds for expansion, W.T. Sears began the Cheney Surgical Building (#6) (Photo #11) in June of 1899, the seventy-fifth birthday of one of the original hospital incorporators and then President, Edna Dow Cheney. The hospital's next period of construction produced the Goddard Nurses Home (#7) (Photo #9). Designed in 1909 by John A. Fox, it provided living accommodations for fifty nurses. This building was named after Lucy Goddard, one of the original incorporators of the N.E.H. and president of the hospital for twenty-five years. The firm of Kendall, Taylor and Company was selected to design the Richards Building (#8) (Photo #13), the last major structure built in the complex.
The firm practiced architecture under the name of Kendall, Taylor and Company in Boston from 1908 to 1936, although the firm had been in existence since 1883. Like John A. Fox, they are noted for their hospital works. The building was named in honor of Linda Richards, acclaimed by many as "America's First Trained Nurse," receiving the first diploma in nursing offered by an American institution in 1873 (Stewart. A History of Nursing. P.122). While the styles of the buildings range from the High Victorian Gothic of the original building to Stick Style, Georgian, and Classical Revival, the buildings were unified by their function and by their placement along Codman Avenue (now Dimock Street). Their location on an avenue gently curving between large outcroppings of puddingstone rock provides a setting in the picturesque Downing tradition. The N.E.H.
was one of the first hospitals in America founded specifically by and for women, offering a formal program in scientific nursing as early as 1872. Mary Eliza Mahoney became the first Black American nurse when she graduated from the N.E.H. in 1879 ( The American Journal of Nursing - April, 1954.p. 429.). During the years 1950 to 1970, the New England Hospital underwent a permanent economic, social and medical change when the teaching hospital became a health center where surgery, births, and medical operations were no longer practiced. This change had taken place because women were allowed to practice medicine in any hospital, making the original purpose of the hospital obsolete.
Also, the influx of more middle class and poor people into the surrounding community placed a financial burden on the hospital as charity cases increased and NPSForm 10-900-a (3-82) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-84 For NPS use only received date antered Continuation sheet NewEngland Hospital / Dimock, ltem number 8 Page 3 paying clients decreased. Boffter a study of the hospital, the Dimock Community Health Center was established in 1971 to service patients in specialized areas of medicine and social services. The center was renamed in honor of Dr. Süsan Dimock, a well known graduate of the N.E.H.. At present, the Center is evaluating its potential in an effort to upgrade the buildings and the grounds.
MPS Form10-900-a 582 United States Department of the Interior National Park Servica National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-34 FOR NPSTusaI GrtyL *EVacE date entered. Continuation sheet NewEngland Hospital/ Dimock, Item number Page / Bostou 9. Major Bibliographical References Boston Landmarks Commission, Roxbury Surveys. 1981. Chayer, Mary Ella. "Mary Eliza Mahoney." The American Journal of Nursing. April 1954, p. 429-431. Crosby, Alice B. The Story of New England Hospital for Women and Children through Seventy-Five Years 1862-1937. N.E.H. Pamphlet, 1937. History and Description of the New England Hospital for Women and - Children. W.L. Deland Press, Boston. 1876. Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska 1829-1902: A Memoir. N.E.H. Pamphlet, 1903. Stewart, Isabel. A History of Nursing: From Ancient to Modern Times. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York. 1962.
Thompson and Goldin. The Hospital: A Social and Architectural History. Yale University Press, New Haven. 1975. Vietor, Agnes, Editor. A Woman's Quest: The Life of Marie E. Zakrewska, M.D. D. Appleton & Co, New York. 1924. Walsh, Mary Roth. Doctors Wanted: No Women Need Apply. Sexual Barriers in the Medical Profession 1853-1975. Yale University Press, New Haven. 1977. Whitney, Henry F. and Elsie R. American Architects, Deceased. Hennessey and Ingalls, Inc., Los Angeles. 1970. 1785 6269 4234 4107 4262 4: 93 4243 4335 6122 1041 1B43 194. COLUMBUS AVENUE 9977 202,884 8 p 916 5a 5 2 p 947 BOSTON FIRE DEPT EGLESTON SO.
STA p 946-1 1 STRELT 2830 3 4 443.77 2975 30,847 2984 (73s p946 2300 0920 P9447 p945- 1042 2975 < 26UL 3920 2299 F550 259% FTCE 24:00 2500 2500 2389 0.937 B5CE p938 2500 0939 F50C Ye5cc 2500 0920 New England Hospital for Women and Children Boston (Roxbury), Massachusetts 1968 UTM References: A - 19/327050/4687275 B - 19/327240/4687250 = C - 19/327260/4687095 D - 19/327180/4687000 E - 19/327050/4687050 ]"= 100' New England Hospital for Women, now Dimock Community Health Center 55 Dimock Street, Boston, Massachusetts.
DISTRICT DATA SHEET MAP # HISTORIC NAME STREET ADDRESS 1 2 3 4 5 5A 6 7 8 Cary Cottage Zakrzewska Building New Laundry Building Power Building Sewall Building Sewall Addition Cheney Building Goddard Building Richards Building 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street 55 Dimock Street DATE OF CONSTRUCTION 1872 1873 1890 1890 1892 1916 1899 1909 1930 STYLE Stick Style High Victorian Gothic Utilitarian Utilitarian Georgian Revival Georgian Revival Georgian Revival Classical Revival Classical Revival WASO Form - 177 ("R" June 1984) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET Dimock Community Health Center Complex Suffolk County MASSACHUSETTS resubmission nomination by person or local government owner objection appeal Substantive Review: Reviewer's comments: J sample Lrequest Working No.
JAN 2 5 1985 Fed. Reg. Date: Date Due:_ 3/21/85 14.86 - 3/11/85 Entered in tAction: _ACCEPT _ 2-21-85 National Regiater -_RETURN _REJECT- Federal Agency:. appeal LNR decision .Recom./Criteria Reviewer Discipline_ Date see continuation sheet Nomination returned for: _technical corrections cited below _substantive reasons discussed below 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification Category Ownership Public Acquisition 4. Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6. Representation in Existing Surveys Has this property been determined eligible? yes no 7. Description Condition excellent good fair deteriorated ruins unexposed Check one - unaltered I altered Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance summary paragraph completeness clarity alterations/integrity dates boundary selection Status Accessible Present Use Check one - original site moved date 8.
Significance Period Areas of Significance-Check and justify below Specific dates Statement of Significance (in one paragraph) Builder/Architect summary paragraph completeness clarity applicable criteria justification of areas checked relating significance to the resource context relationship of integrity to significance justification of exception other 9. Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property Quadrangle name- UTM References Verbal boundary description and justification 11. Form Prepared By 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: national state local State Historic Preservation Officer signature date title 13.
Other Maps Photographs Other Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to - Signed - Date Phone: Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet Photo #1 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: View of Zakrezewska Buildina credit: Idris Bilal, 1983 Boston Landmarks Commission Room 805, Boston City Hall 4444 Photo #2 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: View of Cary Cottage Credit: Idris Bilal, 1983 Negative: Boston Landmarks Commission Room 805, Boston City Ha11 Photo #3 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Garyarottursesf Bufround) and Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission, 1981 Room 805, Boston City Hall Photo #4 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Laundry Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Room 805, Boston City Hall Photo #5 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Sewall Building Credit: Idris Bilal, 1983 Negative: Boston Landmarks Commission Room 805, Boston City Hall Photo #6 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Detail of METCO Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #7 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Detail of Zakrezewska Buildina Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #8 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Zakrezewska Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #9 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Goddard Nurses Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Room 805, Boston City Hall Photo #10 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Power House Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #11 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Cheney Surgical Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #12 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Sewall Addition Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 Photo #13 New England Hospital for Women and Children Roxbury, MA Photo: Richards Building Credit: Boston Landmarks Commission Boston City Hall, Room 805 DIMOCK COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER 55 DIMOCK STREET - TELEPHONE 442-8800 ROXBURY, MA 02119 Jackie Jenkins-Scott, President Herbert Dreyer M.D., Vice-President Howard Hughes, Vice-President Joel Hurwitz, Vice-President November 7, 1984 Carol Shull, Chief National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Department of the Interior 18th.
and C Streets, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20240 Dear Ms. Shull: New England Hospital d/b/a Dimock Community Health Center recognizes that the following property will be considered for Nomination to the National Register of Historic Places by the Massachusetts State Review Board at its meeting on November 14, 1984. New England Hospital d/b/a Dimock Community Health Center 55 Dimock Street Roxbury, Massachusetts 02119 New England Hospital d/b/a Dimock Community Health Center is aware of both the incentives and disincentives of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 and other con- sequences of National Register listing and hereby waives by right the 30 day commenting period. Thank you. Very truly yours, porhe gnai Sents Jackie Jenkins-Scott, President JJS: sk CC : Sarah J. Zimmerman, Preservation Planning Director ECEIVE NOV | 6 1984 Operated by The New England Hospital HROS SIT DEUS BOSTONIA.
CONDITA A.D. 1630. CITY OF BOSTON - MASSACHUSETTS OFFICE OF THE MAYOR RAYMOND L. FLYNN November 7, 1984 Carol Shull, Chief National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Department of Interior 18th and C Streets, NW Washington, D.C. 20240 Dear Ms. Shull: The City of Boston recognizes that the following property will be considered for nomination to the National Register by the State Review Board at its meeting on November 14, 1984. New England Hospital for Women and Children 41 and 55 Dimock Street Boston (Roxbury), Massachusetts The City is delighted that the health center, which has contributed both socially and historically to Boston, is being nominated. The City is aware of both incentives and disincentives of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 and other consequences of National Register listing and hereby waives the right to the 30-day commenting period.
Sincerely, Raymond h. thyran Raymond L. Flynn Mayor IRTUFICATE BOND ECEIV DEC :41984 BOSTON CITY HALL - ONE CITY HALL PLAZA - BOSTON - MASSACHUSETTS 02201 - 617/ 725-4000 Dimock (Resource Name) Community Heatta Conter Comuplex Suffolk (County) STATUS: 1. MISSING - 2. REMOVED/ DEMOLISHED 3. NHL X 4.TR_ 5. MRA EXPLANATION: .MissingStatus:EntireFolderNominaionMap)Photos( Available on: Microfiche ( ): Optical Disk () 2. 85000317 (Reference Number[s]) MA (State) 6. OVER- SIZED 7. NPS - UNDOCUMENTED 3 / 30 116 (Date form completed) WACC (Completed by) 8. DOE - OWNER OBJECTION 9. RESTRICTED / (Cause for removal) New England Hospital for Wohen and Children (NHL Name, if different than NRHP Name) (Date Removed) 07/ 17 /91 (Date Designated) 4.
(If multi-state/county TR, state/county where filed and location) (TR or MRA Name) 5 (If multi-state/county MRA, state/county where filed and location) (Location of oversize file) 7. (Current source of partial documentation) (Target Date) COMMENTS: (Where found, or source of replacement) (Date Found/Replaced) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE National Register of Historic Places Locator Card WASO 21 JAN.