Nomination for Doctors' Building

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-84 National Park Service 4 1986 1. Name DOCTORS' BUILDING and or common 2. Location street & number - not for publication city, town -vicinityof _ state - - county - unoccupied - public X building(s) . work in progress . religious - in process X yes: restricted . government . scientific - military 4. Owner of Property Ameritas, Inc. 5. Location of Legal Description courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. _ yes X no - federal - K_ local 1978 both Category transportation date Accessible code Cincinnati museum educational object site Hamilton Atlanta structure entertainment industrial Ownership DEC 039 Ohio historic district private agriculture park Inventory-Nomination Form being considered Public Acquisition 6.

Representation in Existing Surveys other: Present Use National Register of Historic Places Type all entries-complete applicable sections title Cincinnati Historic Inventory -yes:unrestricted date entered private residence 3. Classification Hamilton County Courthouse has this property been determined eligible? United States Department of the Interior For NPS use only See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms 19 Garfield Place Main and Court Streets (3-82) received OCT 2 2 1986 X commercial street & number 133 Carnegie Way, Suite 1050 depositary for survey records Miami Purchase Association for Historic Preservation yes Status 7.

Description -X original site X altered -moved date The Doctors' Building is an eight-story structure of reinforced concrete and hollow tile construction whose exterior exhibits a rare example of the Commercial Late Gothic been minimally altered on the exterior; the only changes have been on the first floor is situated on a rectangular parcel, most of which is filled in by the elongated "C" the seventh floor, retain the original floor plan of a centrally-located bank of eleva- in the north-central section of Cincinnati's central business district, the building fronts upon Piatt Park in a two-block long portion of West Eighth Street known as Gar- The surrounding area is composed of a mixture of surface parking lots, high-rise resi- dential structures, and commercial and office buildings.

The front (north) facade consists of five sections, which contain eleven major bays Slightly projecting single bay corner sections which each contain two windows per floor, a wider projecting central section which consists of three sets of paired windows and flanking middle sections which each have three major bays with triple a large transom above the doors and a canopy with a similar configuration, although it which is located above the entire width of the storefronts has curved corners with two or three mullions, depending on the size of the storefront. Most of the storefronts retain the simple wood door with glass panel and the tiled floor leading to the door. The storefront openings are outlined with narrow bronze trim marked by running designs.

Some of the storefronts have witnessed alteration, particularly in the transom area where it has been infilled for new signage, although the original opening and trim is changes have taken place at the second storefront east of the central entrance, where there is a new door with multi-paned window and single large storefront window with multi- windows in the second and eighth stories, which are accentuated by ogee arches in the (continued) Condition unexposed deteriorated (interior) fair unaltered Check one Revival style in the central business district of Cincinnati.The building has only where there are some alterations to storefronts and the central entrance.The building tors with long corridors containing a number of offices to the east and west.Located -excellent X good. plan of the structure.

Each side of the building is symmetrical, with identical east in white glazed terra cotta tile, while the east and west facades have tan wire-cut Renaissance Revival residence, remains on the block. A low-rise structure is located grouped windows. A tower, which is one-bay deep, rises above the central section of both sides of it. The central entrance has new metal and glass doors with a rounded the recessed section has been removed from the second storefront. The most drastically paned sash. Vertical infill in the transom provides the background for the sign's let- brick exteriors. The rear side is sheathed in a combination of tan wire-cut and tapestry metal canopy above and a surround of marble. The building's original entrance featured entrances flanked by large plate glass windows with marble panels below.

The transom date ruins Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance

Description of the property

field Place.The block is dominated by the Doctors' Building and the Cincinnati Club, still intact.The second and third storefronts from the west end have new tinted glass; Doctors' Building, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Item number The upper portion of the building, including the central tower, is profusely The identical east and west sides contain nine windows per floor in the second through and coping of the same material are located above the eighth story windows on both sides. story section extends from the plane of the rear wall and contains a number of paired metal doors with large four-pane transoms. The interior spaces have experienced much more change overall than the exterior. The Formica walls and acoustical tile ceiling. The bank of four elevators have flush doors square balusters and newel posts and a wooden handrail. National Register of Historic Places edge.

a dramatically striped marble floor, Art Deco style wood cabinets, cove moldings and Continuation sheet Page The rear (south) side is the most utilitarian in appearance, revealing the reinforced the original ceiling height maintained.

Benet's Pharmacy at 21 Garfield Place features decorated spandrel area above.The windows in the third through seventh floors are though two appear to have retained most of their original elements.The storefront at eighth floor features a terrazo floor with a blue background accented by yellow bands or opened out to accomodate tenants' needs through the years.Some areas still retain Inventory-Nomination Form ornamented with low-relief terra cotta tracery and finial-like elements along the top elevator door surrounds, marble wainscoting, terrazo floors and simple paneled doors in main lobby's appearance dates from the mid-1950's; it has a tiled floor with marble and Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service United States Department of the Interior rectangular with decorated spandrel areas between.All of the windows have metal 3/3 large offices of its two major the central elevator section is intact.The eighth floors.

The rectangular windows have no visible lintels, but do display white concrete structural framework with pairs of 3/3 windows between. A flat-roofed one- corridor areas. The seventh floor's corridors have been cut off to accomodate the chair rails and picture molding. The stairways have a simple metal stair rail with 11 Garfield Place is composed of an open area with the walls lined with bookcases and of variegated marble. The office spaces have,for the most part,been either partitioned FHR-8-300 (11-78) Areas of Significance-Check and justify below - archeology-historic - agriculture X social/ - music - philosophy - 1900- .transportation other (specify) Statement of

Statement of significance

(in one paragraph) The Doctors' Building is significant as a rare example of the,Gothic Revival style as one of the more distinguished works by Tieteg & Lee, a prominent local architec- tural firm responsible for the designs of a great number and variety of buildings in The Doctors' Building was erected as an investment property during a building boom following World War I. According to a newspaper article from 1946 ("Doctors' Building ning stages in the years immediately preceeding World War I, based on surviving archi- the work of local firm, The Allyn Company, only refer to the development as "Garfield Place" and show a series of Gothically-inspired buildings for the two-block section of West Eighth Street which faces Piatt Park.

The types of structures in this scheme included a Physicians & Surgeons Building, department store, hotel and the Procter that the Cincinnati Club, a 1924 Second Renaissance Revival structure, which stands assignation of a pre-World War I date to this project is based on city directory in- formation which only lists the Allyn Company, the designers of this complex, between the years 1911 and 1914. The parcels of land where the Doctors' Building stands were not purchased by its and Richard K. LeBlond, who both leased and then sold the property to a group known as the Cincinnati Doctors' Building Corporation in the early 1920's. The leases in- cluded a stipulation that any new building erected on the premises would be a modern, Building Corporation consisted of a number of Cincinnati businessmen and industrialists, including Walter J.

Friedlander, president of the Hisey-Wolf Machine Co., Kemper Lane Building Company and the United State Pump Corporation, Richard K. LeBlond, president of the R. K. LeBlond Machine Tool Company, and Maurice Pollak, president of the Pollak Steel Company. The corporation also included members of the Wurlitzer family, most of whom were associated with The Rudolph Wurlitzer Company, importers, manufacturers and wholesale dealers in musical instruments, particularly pianos, the largest such concern in the United States in the early twentieth century. 1 1800-1899 1600-1699 1400-1499 1700-1799 1500-1599 commerce invention economics communications Xarchitecture education (continued) engineering Period theater humanitarian literature exploration/settlement science Late -conservation Specific dates law sculpture -politics/government military industry 8.

Significance -prehistoric tectural drawings of the complex and city directory information.These drawings, opposite the Doctors'Building,was also projected tobe apart of this plan.The Festival and Industrial Exposition (1923) 1 "Cincinnati at the Crossroads of American Commerce"program, the Cincinnati Fall Criteria A and C community planning as applied to a commercial building in Cincinnati's central business district and house the offices of members of the medical profession in Cincinnati, a function Sold", The Cincinnati Times-Star, December 10, 1946), the Doctors' Building was part of a large-scale realty development which did not come to fruition. The development, which was to have been known as Presidents' Square, appears to have been in the pian- which the building continues to serve to an extent to the present day. 1923 archeology-prehistoric art 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Deed search, Hamilton County Courthouse Cincinnati, The Queen City, Vols. 3 & 4, The S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. 1912 Cincinnati City Directories, published by 10. Geographical Data Quadrangle name - UT M References at the southeasterly corner of Garfield Place or West Eighth Street and the first alley east of Race Street, known as Baldwin Alley; running thence eastwardly along the (cont'd) - state 11. Form Prepared By Rita Walsh, Preservation Consultant street & number 4238 Brookside Avenue -. 45223 12.

State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89 665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. State Historic Preservation Officer signature hereby certify that this property is included in the National Register U.S.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1983 0 - 419-311 Covington Northing county date code Easting Zone Attest: national name/title Verbal boundary description and justification Cincinnati Times-Star organization Cincinnati Post 1:24,000 Cincinnati Enquirer Quadrangle scale List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries Acreage of nominated property Less than one acre Chief of Registration city or town The Williams Co. May 1986 Keeper of the National Register For NPs use only The property is composed of two parcels.

The first parcel is described as "Beginning (513) 542-3303 telephone Ohio United States Department of the Interior Doctors' Building, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio The concept of concentrating the offices of a particular line of business was not served as an inspiration to a similar building, both in function and appearance, in favorable as a number of doctors' residences and offices, the Academy of Medicine years immediately following World War I. Leasing in the building's first year appears to have been fairly successful, with offices in the fifth through eighth floors filled It is assumed that the second through fourth floors were not finished at this time.

at 21 Garfield Place, at which address they were first listed in the 1929-30 city Despite the leasing success of the building, it was sold in a sheriff's sale to Western-Southern Life Insurance Company, holder of a mortgage on the building, in tion (not the same as the original developers). Seventeen years later, it was ac- Samuel Hannaford & Sons, while Tieteg went to New York to work with architects Robert ing among them the Atlas Bank Building, Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce Building (with Knox Presbyterian Church, Rockdale Avenue Temple, Hyde Park School Alterations and Ad- to the Doctors' Building. (continued) directory.

due to the building boom during this period.Their works include office and industrial Page Continuation sheet dition, John Kilgour School, Sands and Stowe Schools, the Engineering and Chemistry Inventory-Nomination Form National Register of Historic Places Building Ltd. in 1975. In 1978, it was bought by Bernard and Sheila DeSilva. The sign of the Medical Arts Building in Memphis, Tennessee, a building strikingly similar building is in the process of being acquired by Ameritas Inc. of Atlanta, Georgia. Buildings at the University of Cincinnati, Christ Hospital buildings and the Tate, By the following year (1924), the building appears to have been almost fully-occupied Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service were born in 1877 and graduated in 1898 from the Massachussetts Institute of Technology.

For five years they went in separate directions - Lee worked with the local firm of quired by the Kritchever Corporation of Chicago, who then sold it to the Doctors' 1940.The building was then sold in 1946 to the Cincinnati Doctors' Building Corpora- portation Building (1923),all located on Fourth Street in the central business dis- the Textile Building Terminal (1921) and the Southern Railway or Trans- Maynicke and G.K.Thompson.In 1903,the two formed their con- Item number The Doctors' Building location was also The architects retained to design the Doctors' Building were Tieteg & Lee, a local he died the following year. This prominent firm executed a number of diverse commissions Harry Hake), William Powell Co. Foundry and Machine Shop, Kroger Grocery Co.

Buildings, the building's earliest tenants, Benet's Pharmacy, still occupies their original space buildings, churches and synagogues, schools, hospital buildings and residences, number- headquarters and two private hospitals were in close proximity to the site in the Memphis, known as the Medical Arts Building.T concentration of medical offices in the city up until at least the 1960's. One of with the offices of doctors and dentists and a private hospital on the eighth floor. FHR-8-300(11-78) Doctors' Building, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio While a great number of buildings were constructed in Cincinnati during the boom (1916) by Tieteg & Lee, located on Main Street in downtown Cincinnati, displays some Gothic elements but is of a much smaller scale and is only sparsely decorated.

There are very few buildings in Cincinnati's downtown which are faced with terra designs derived from classical sources. During the early twentieth century, the Presidents' Square complex, of which the Doctors' Building was to have been a part, they did employ The Allyn Company's chief architect, Leonard B. Willeke, at some with The Allyn Company has not been ascertained, but it can be speculated that Wil- Ieke's designs for the Presidents' Square complex had some influence on the Gothic was in the classical mode, a fact which makes the Doctors' Building a very significant example of their work. through its designation as a local landmark in late 1985. Page received Inventory-Nomination Form Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service Continuation sheet date entered The Doctors Building was constructed by the Ohio Building and Construction Company, Item number cinnati area.

National Register of Historic Places located in Cincinnati. The building's significance has already been recognized by the City of Cincinnati United Stat s Department of the Interior For HCRS use anly in the central business district has a,Gothic Revival design. An earlier building cotta tile. Other structures in the central business district which are contemporary with the Doctors' Building include the Atlas Bank Building, Dixie Terminal, Fourth and Race Tower, Enquirer Building and the Queen City Club, the majority of their Gothic Revival style was more commonly applied to schools and churches in the Cin- An interesting note is that although Tieteg & Lee were not the designers of the point in time.

Whether Willeke worked for Tieteg & Lee before or after his tenure For HCRS use onl Doctors' Building, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Continuation sheet southern line of Garfield Place, 102 feet and 2-3/16 inches to the center of the tract Doerr Alley being the first alley west of Vine Street;thence running southwardly along 102 feet and 2-7/8 inches along the northerly line of Oneida Alley to the easterly line of Baldwin Alley; thence running northwardly along the easterly line of Baldwin Alley, 97 feet to the southerly line of Garfield Place and the place of beginning.

Place or West Eighth Street and the first alley west of Vine Street known as Doerr Alley; running thence westwardly along the southerly line of Garfield Place, 102 feet 2-3/16 inches to the center of the tract of realty lying between said Doerr Alley and Baldwin- Page Inventory-Nomination Form Item number National Register of Historic Places Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service United States Department of the Interior date entered said center line 97 feet to the northerly line of Oneida Alley;thence running westwardly line of Doerr Alley;thence running northwardly 97 feet along the westerly line of received Alley on the West, the said Baldwin Alley being the first alley west of Race Street; eastwardly 102 feet 2-7/8 inches along the northerly line of Oneida Alley to the westerly Doerr Alley to the southerly line of Garfield Place and the place of beginning.

of realty lying between said Baldwin Alley and Doerr Alleyon the east thereof, the said The second parcel is described as: Beginning at the southwesterly corner of Garfield thence running southwardly 97 feet to the northerly line of Oneida Alley; thence running Doctors' Building, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Doctors Building, 8th between Race and Vine Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio. Hamilton County, Ohio BUTTER' ELD CITIZ! V IO STATUE 130 - 32 DOCTORS' BUILDING 19 Garfield Place SHILLITO /RIKES TOWER & GARAGE 628-42 634-40 713 632 800 719 Cincinnati, Ohio 122 TREE BLDG.

HOUSE CLUB OFFICE PUBL HARRISON PIATT 631-39 715-21 817-819 8-12 PROVIDENT TOWERS CENTRAL PLACE LIBR 10-12 FARKING BANK PARKING GARAGE GARFIEL DOCTORS 619-35 807-803 to photographs Numbers in circles refer FEDERATED HAMII 704-8 118 -116 22-24 717 TRUST 18-20 101-43 CENTERN SENIOr DOCTORS' BUILDING Cincinnati, Ohio CINCINNATI CITY PLANNING DEPARTMENT JANUARY 1985 SCALE - RIVER OHIO 19 Garfield Place C. B. D. WASO Form - 177 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET Fed. Reg. Date: nomination by person or local government owner objection Lappeal L sample J request Date Due: L - see continuation sheet _ technical corrections cited below _substantive reasons discussed below 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification 4. Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6.

Representation in Existing Surveys Has this property been determined eligible? 7. Description - unaltered _ original site summary paragraph - boundary selection resubmission Category moved yes alterations/integrity Condition completeness REJECT Ownership Status Hamilton County unexposed excellent Accessible RETURN Action: Recom./Criteria Substantive Review: deteriorated Public Acquisition Federal Agency: Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance Check one Nomination returned for: clarity Doctor s Building Reviewer's comments: NR decision Present Use Working No. ("R" June 1984) OCT 22 1986 Discipline Histevian ruins ACCEPT good fair 12-4-86 8. Significance Other 9. Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data 11. Form Prepared By State Historic Preservation Officer signature Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to.

GPO 918-450 Builder/Architect context Date state Signed title clarity Phone: UTM References Maps applicable criteria Specific dates local completeness S Quadrangle name Verbal boundary description and justification relationship of integrity to significance justification of exception relating significance to the resource Acreage of nominated property justification of areas checked summary paragraph 12.

State Historic Preservation Officer Certification Statement of Significance (in one paragraph) Photographs The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet _national Areas of Significance-Check and justify below Period May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing southwest Rita Walsh, photographer Photograph shows front (north) and east Doctors' Building sides of building 19 Garfield Place WAY ONE Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing southeast sides of building Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows front (north) and west PHOTO#2 May 1986 Rita Walsh, photographer Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio rear (south) side of building Photographer facing northwest Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows east side and part of May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing northwest from alley Rita Walsh, photographer 19 Garfield Place Doctors' Building rear (south) side Photograph shows western portion of Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Photographer facing west Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio from Vine Street 19 Garfield Place Doctors' Building Photograph shows view of Garfield Place May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing southeast Rita Walsh, photographer Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows north facade of building PHOTO #6 May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Doctors' Building Photographer facing south Rita Walsh, photographer north facade Photograph shows central entrance on 19 Garfield Place TIME ANY HAMBURGE Surgical Appliance SANDWICHES AND TODAY Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Photographer facing southeast Photograph shows storefronts east of Doctors' Building Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio 19 Garfield Place central entrance on north facade MES BOOK STORE Photograph shows unaltered storefront fronts, east of central entrance on May 1986 Rita Walsh, photographer Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio north facade Doctors' Building Photographer facing southwest 19 Garfield Place (11 Garfield Place) and flanking store- PHOTO#9 Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio windows on north facade Photographer facing south Doctors' Building Photograph shows set of second story 19 Garfield Place Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Rita Walsh, photographer Photographer facing south facade of building Photograph shows central parapet on north Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place May 1986 PHOTO #1I Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photograph shows center portion of main Photographer facing south from entrance Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place lobby May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Rita Walsh, photographer Doctors' Building Photographer facing southeast 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows elevator area and east portion of lobby PHOTO#13 Rita Walsh, photographer Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing southwest Photograph shows interior of storefront Doctors' Building at 21 Garfield Place 19 Garfield Place May 1986 PHOTO#14 Rita Walsh, photographer Photographer facing north Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place May 1986 at 11 Garfield Place Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photograph shows front portion of storefront PHOTO#15 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photograph shows elevator area and west Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Doctors' Building Photographer facing west corridor on third floor 19 Garfield Place PHOTO#16 Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Doctors' Building Photographer facing northwest Photograph shows vacant office in north- west corner of fifth floor 19 Garfield Place Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 Photograph shows vacant space near north- Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing northwest Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place west corner of seventh floor May 1986 PHOTO #19 space on seventh floor Rita Walsh, photographer Photographer facing east Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place corridor cut off for large office PHotograph shows elevator area and May 1986 Rita Walsh, photographer Doctors' Building Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio on eighth floor Photographer facing west 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows elevator area and corridor Rita Walsh, photographer May 1986 in building Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio Photographer facing south Doctors' Building 19 Garfield Place Photograph shows typical run of stairs 16/714920/4331060 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COVINGTON QUADRANGLE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY KENTUCKY-OHIO KENTUCKY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SCALE 1:24 000 STATE OF KENTUCKY COVINGTON, KY.-OHIO Ohio Historic Preservation Office 1985 Velma Avenue Columbus.

Ohio 43211 October 16, 1986 Ms. Carol Shull, Chief 1100 L Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20240 New Submiss Ions Sincerely W. Ray Luce 614/466-1500 SOCIETY County Enclosures HISTORICAL Lucas Madison Avenue Historic District Please contact me if you have any questions. National Register of Historic Places State Historic Preservation Office Madison Avenue Historic District.Please review for a Determination of SINCE 1885 Dear Carol: Enclosed are two new National Register nominations.All of the appropriate received letters of objection from over half of the property owners in the WRL:bp Eligiblity for this nomination. Department of the Interior National Park Service Doctors' Building OCT 2 2 1986 notification procedures have been followed for these new submissions.We have