BlockThe nomination, in full
Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.
LIGHTHOUSES OF MASSACHUSET:. THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION LIGHTHOUSE INFORMATION FORM MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 80 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02116 NUMBER 1 PHOTOGRAPH KEY Leslie Fox MHC 7/19/81 HISTORIC NAME: Annisquam Harbor Gighdestetion TOWN: 1. Annisquam Light Station from river LOCATION: 2. Tower and walkway Wigwam Point Essex 3. Oil house from tower COUNTY: CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT: 6th CODE:_ 009 4. Dwelling from tower rear view LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION: Essex County Register of Deeds, South Distri Book 167, P. 95, 96 Gustavus Griffin to U.S. VERBÅL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION: see attached description of Parcel C SKETCH MAP Ipswich Bay 1 N Wigwam Pbint Lighthouse Annis- quam LAT./LONG.: Lat 42° 39' 42" N Long.
70° 40' UTM COORDINATE:19/362/700/4724/600 USGS QUADRANGLE : Boston, MA; NH; CT; RI; ME SCALE: 1: 250,000 ACREAGE: 1.3 acres OWNER (S) : United States Coast Guard First Coast Guard District STATUS: 408 Atlantic Ave Boston, MA 021I0 occupied keepars dwelling Annioquam RECORDED BY: Leslie Fox ORGANIZATION: MHC DATE: September 1981 LIGHTHOUSES OF MASSACHUSETTS THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION Lighthouse #1 page 1 SITE DESCRPITION The Annisquam Harbor lighthouse is located on the western side of the Wigwam Point, near the village of Annisquam -- a part of the town of Gloucester. Long sandbars and a rocky shore along the Annisquam River create dangerous obstacl es for the navigator, but the lighthouse protects the mar iner from the eastern side of the north entrance of the river.
Residents of Annisquam have free use of the land and beach on the west side for recreational purposes, gain ing access through the land presently owned by the Coast Guard. property to the east is called Norwood Heights, and is a private housing development begun in the early 1900's. LIGHTHOUSES OF MASSACHUSETTS THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION Lighthouse page 2 #L MAJOR ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION The light station was first established in 1801 and thus is an early station However, the original wooden octagonal tower (1801) was replaced c. 1897 by the existing brick tower. The keeper's dwelling, also 1801, was substantially altered at that time but retains the overall plan and dimensions of the original dwelling. The complex consists of the tower, keeper's dwell ing, an open elevated wa 1kway, garage, seawall and oil house (believed to be 1801-14).
The original 6/6 windows in the tower were replaced by glass block c. 1974. The tower wa 1kway was replaced following storm damage whcih resulted from the Blizzard of 1978. The tower's brick masonry was repointed and repaired in 1985. The exterior of the keeper's dwelling was renovated in 1984 including replacement of the shingle siding with bleached cedar shingles and whi te-pa inted trim, replacement of the 6/6 windows with 1/1 insulated glass sash and installation of a light colored roof. An 1800 map by William Sanille depicts... "The Light House to Stand on Wigwam Point on the spot occupied by the Beacon the Height of the Stonework 3 feet/woodwork 40 feet/exclusive of Lanthorn. The distance of the five nearest dwel1 ing houses 1/2 mile each... elevation of the spot where the Beacon Stands 1 feet above high water, being Solid Rock the whole quantity of land set off 6 1/2 acres".
(4.9 acres were disposed of in 1972 by the U.S. Coast Guard). Tower Exterior: Formerly called Wigwam Point, the 41'high white brick cylindr ica 1 T897 tower rests on a stone foundation, and access is made over a wooden uncovered walkway and through a small brick 7'4 x 8'2" entryway or stage room. The entryway has single storm door and a shingled roof with a heavy wooden cornice. A window on the inland side has been blocked up, but a stone sill is evident. Directly above the peak of the roof is a window; two or more are on the river side, one directly above the other. The grounding strap runs down the length of the tower from the lens room on the east side of the tower. Balcony: The balcony and exterior of the lens room are iron, and are painted black. Just underneath the balcony, stepped brick corbels extend slightly outward to support the weight of the structure above.
The rail ing itself is simple eight thin vertical rails between two horizontal flat pieces that connect to a single baluster topped by a small iron ball. Lens room: The octagonal lens room has two panes permanently blacked out as they face inland to the residential section of Norwood Heights. An iron half door inside. The lens room has a conical metal roof made of eiaht segments fitted together, and is topped by the typical ball-shaped metal air vent and lightning rod. Interior entry: The entry way has a brick floor as well as walls; the latter are 4' thick. Tower: Once inside the tower, thirty-three iron risers ascend along the interior brick wall. ones itstracksmaltn (Hhesaandsaern ontooean posseuraooeoreee top of the enclosed staircase is a half deck (the lamp room) that has a 7'4" iron ladder continuina on to the lens room.
LIGHTHOUSES OF THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION Lighthouse #1 page 3 Ma jor Elements Desc Keeper's Dwelling: This structure, built in 1801, has been altered many times ince. Original cost was $5,000, and it is a wood frame, two story building vith a gable roof and painted white shingles. It covers 30' x 27', or 2374 Three bedrooms are located on the second floor, and a porch has recently been added to the rear. (The floor plan strongly resembles other keeper's dwell ings; i.e. Race Point [#34], Straitsmouth [#37]). It is now occupied by the Commanding Officer from Gloucester Station and his family. Garage: The single story one car garage with a window and two doors has also been shingled; both the dwelling and the garage have asphalt shingled roofs. wa Ikwa y: The 75' wood walk (built in 1814 at a cost of $1,000) was replaced in kind in 1978.
Seawa11: Probably built in the latter part of the nineteenth century, it cost $2,000. 0il House: It was built in either 1801 or 1814. The one story, stone, 11' x 13' o1l house is one of the few examples of its kind in Massachusetts. are brick). The white washed rubble walls have a single door, a small wooden air vent above it, and a shingle roof with a wooden cornice. It is situated on the far corner of the property, near the Squam Rock Land Trust, formerly known as Sandy Cove. Fog Signal: Recently added, it is located on the exposed rock directly to the rear (river side) of the tower. It is controlled by the Gloucester Police Station. LIGHTHOUSES OF MASSACHUSETTS THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY 1800: Congress authorized a lighthouse to be built on Wigwam Point. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ceded land on Wigwam Point to the U.S. Government in June, Book No.
A, folio 192, 193. Gustavus Griffen sold 6 1/2 acres in October to the U.S. for $140. 1801: The first lighthouse was constructed and lit, and the keeper's dwell ing was built, probably the oil house as well. 1814: Wa 1kway was built. 1897: Present tower constructed. 1900: The residential development of Norwood Heights was built up slowly; small private and public roads laid. 1919: The light had 100 candlepower and was visible for 8 miles. 1922: The 5th order Fresnel lens was removed, and a 4th order installed. By this time the candlepower was 1300, and the source of fuel was changed from oil to electric. 1965: The 4th order Fresnel lens had a 250,000 candlepower flashing white light, and a 60,000 candlepower red light. It was powered by 120 volts; 1-20 amos; 1000 watts and a 2c5 filament.
The fog signal had been installed, and gave l blast every 60 seconds for 5 seconds dur ing the daylight hours. The light in the tower was displayed from 15 minutes before sunset to 15 minutes after sunrise and at all times when the fog signal was on (which was when the Annisquam River entrance Lighted Bell Buoy # 2 became obscured). 1967: A quartz iodine lamp was installed in the lens room. 1971: The Coast Guard proposed to automate the light, then visible for 15 miles to sea. 1972: The Coast Guard recommended to retain the Light Tower and 1.3 of the original 6.5 acres, and decided to use the keeper's dwell ing for personnel. 1974: Thelight was fully automated. 1978: Tower wa1kway replaced following damage in Blizzard of 1978.
1980: The Coast Guard disposed of two parcels of land totaling 4.9 acres deeded to the Norwood Heights Trust with an easement for access to che light, and retained the third parcel, -1.3 acres. The Squam Rock Trust also received a license for access to the beach. 1984: Keeper's Dwell ing renovated; 6/6 windows replaced with insulated 1/1 sash. 1985: Brick tower repointed and repaired. Light Characteristics: 120 volt, 2 plastic lampcharger; a cc8-th lamp; no1 opti 0CB 10.4 RPM with red and black sectors. Lighthouse #1 page 4 LIGHTHOUSES OF MASSACHUSETTS THEMATIC GROUP NOMINATION LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE Ihe Annisquam Harbor Light Station possesses integrity of location, des1gn, setting, materials and workmanship as well as significant association with development of aids to navigation in Massachusetts. The site is one of the oldest in the state.
The complex includes an 1897 tower and also preserves elements of the original 1801-14 complex (the keeper's house and oil house). Additionally, the site is highly picturesque and represents the scenic qualities of the coast. The Annisquam Station meets criteria A and C of the National Register of Historic Places as well as survey criteria 2c, 3a, 3b, and 4a. Lighthouse #1 page 5 N Norwood Heights Squam Róck Trubt Norwood Heights Annisquam Kiver Ipswich Bay Annisquam Harbor Light Station 1. Tower, entryway, walkway 2. Keeper's Dwelling 3. Oil house 4. Attached Carage Frame Fleration HOUSE AND TOWER AT ANNISQUAM. MASS. Scale | in to.
1 ft Nº895 17'8 Secona 34x:19 Annioguam eme (r) ANNISOUAN HARBOR LICHP-USCG PROPERTY DESCRIPITON OF PARCEL C (TO_ BE RETAINED) 1 certain parcel of land situated in the Village of Annisquan, City of Gloucester, Essex County, Massachusetts, which is bounded and described as follows: Beginning at a point on the Mean High Water line of Ipswich Bay at a point one hundred seventy five (175) feet, more or less, northerly of the center of the Annisquan larbor Light Tower and twenty five and five tenths (25.5) feet, more or less; southeasterly of a cobper bolt set in the rock ledge between the Mean Hig!
Water line and the Mean Low Water line of Ipswich Bay; thence in a southeasterly direction a distance of one hundred thirty two (132.00) feet to a copper bolt in rock ledge at the base of a stone wall, thence still in the same southeasterly direction along the remains of an old stone vall a distance of two hundred cighty eight (288.00) feet; thence in a southwesterly direction at an angle of ninety deyrees with the line of the aforementioned old stone wall a distance of one hundred ten (110) feet, more or less, to the Mean High Water line of Ipswich Bay; thence in a generally northwesterly direction along the muandering Mean High Water line of Ipswich Bay to a point west of Annisquam Harbor Light Tower: thence in a generally northeasterly direction along the meandering Mean High Water line of Ipswich Bay to the point of beginning.
Said parcel, described above, being a portion of land owned by the U. S. Coast Guard and shown on ICGD Drawing No. 6569, dated 25 June 1975, entitled U. S. Coast Cuard Annisquam larbor Light, Property Subdivision, as Parcel C and containing one and three tenths (1.3) acres, more or less. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-82) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form Continuation sheet Item number OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-84 For NPS use only recelved MAY date entered 4 1987 Page 374 Multiple Resource Area Thematic Group Name State Lighthouses of Massachusetts TR MASSACHUSETTS - Nomination/Type of Review 1'21. Hospital Point Light Station Besiw% 22. Graves Light Station 23. Annisquam Harbor Light Station iatecad 1x Mntd.omes Reglstes The Beacon 24. Jatered Mational Regloter Tute 25. Bird Island Light 26.
Borden Flats Light Station Batered 1 Matiosei Jegtsver Date/Signature otsuny Reeper ( Aulmalsyun 2p55: Attest Boet staa fReeper delmes Byer 96916 Attest fWeeper AiloreeByee 6/1578; Attest feeper DelmueBza06li0t8; Attest Iatered in tle mas1xa1 Reslatary eeper, Aelmpn est; Attest fukceper AllureBzur 6/078, 27. Boston Light Station Jatersd Ma oglstor 28. Brant Point Light Station Matdon 29. Butler Flats Light Station mtered in Mationel frcepor deloresByen 6/578. Attest BafRéeper Aebreßgu 9/2157 Attest feeper AeloresByeus 6/1518, Attest 30. Cape Poge (Pogue) Light Matored National Bogieter Keeper elavsBzun 9628/6, Attest RESUBMISSION 87001526 WASO Form - 177 ('R" June 1984) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET Annisquam Harbor Light Station (Lighthouses of Massachusetts TR) Essex Co.
floucester County MASSACHUSETTS resubmission nomination by person or local government owner objection appeal Substantive Review: Reviewer's comments: sample LJrequest Working No. 4/28/82 Fed. Reg. Date: 2/22/88 Date Due: _ 6/18/87 Action: _ACCEPT 6-15-87 latered in tho Mationel Regiatez -REJECT. Federal Agency:_ USCG Lappeal LJ NR decision Recom./Criteria Reviewer Discipline - Date see continuation sheet Nomination returned for: _technical corrections cited below _substantive reasons discussed below 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification Category Ownership Public Acquisition 4. Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6. Representation in Existing Surveys Has this property been determined eligible? yes no 7.
Description Condition excellent good fair deteriorated ruins unexposed Check one - unaltered altered Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance summary paragraph completeness clarity alterations/integrity dates ] boundary selection Status Accessible Present Use Check one -original site - moved date 8. Significance Period Areas of Significance-Check and justify below Specific dates Builder/Architect Statement of Significance (in one paragraph) summary paragraph completeness clarity applicable criteria justification of areas checked relating significance to the resource context relationship of integrity to significance justification of exception other 9. Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property Quadrangle name. UTM References Verbal boundary description and justification 11. Form Prepared By 12.
State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: national _state _local State Historic Preservation Officer signature title 13. Other date Maps - Photographs - Other Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to Signed... - Date Phone:- GPO 918-450 Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet JULY 1981 restige Print by Berkey Annisquam ANNISQUAM HARBOR LIGHT STA GOUSESTER Ma, TA PHOTO #1 ANNISQUAM HARBOR LIGHT GuOUceSER Ha, TA PHOTO #2 ANNISQUAM HARBOR LICHT GOUCESTER #1 biskttecses of Mea, TR PHOTO #3 ANNISQUAM HARBOR LIGHT STA GOUCESTER #I Lighthauses of Ma, TR PHOTO #4 Please refer to the map in the Multiple Property Cover Sheet for this property Multiple Property Cover Sheet Reference Number: 64000282