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725 NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) OMB No. 1024-0018 RECEEVEDO 22280 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service -21999 National Register of Historic Places Registration Form MAF REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NAL PARK SERVICI This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a).
Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items 1. Name of Property historic name Dighton Wharves Historic District other names/site number 2. Location street & number 2298-2328 Pleasant Street (inclusive) _N/A not for publication city or town Dighton N/A vicinity state Massachusetts _code_MA county_Bristol _ code_005 _ zip code 02715 3. State/Federal Agency Certification - nationally - statewide locally. (- See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Judith B. M'Denaugh/AsS Signature of certifying official/Title Judith B. McDonough, Executive Director Massachusetts Historical Commission, State Historic Preservation Office State or Federal agency and bureau 5/29/97 Date In my opinion, the property - meets -does not meet the National Register criteria.
(- See continuation sheet for additional Comments.) Date Signature of certifying official/Title State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: Ventered in the National Register - See continuation sheet. -determined eligible for the National Register - See continuation sheet. - determined not eligible for the National Register - removed from the National Register - other (explain): Signature of the Keeper Vatuck Andills Date of Action 7/11/97 Dighton Wharves Historic District Name of Property 5.
Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) X private - public-local _ public-State - public-Federal Category of Property (Check only one box) building(s) X district _ Site _ structure - object Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) N/A 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC: single dwelling, hotel GOVERNMENT: custom house TRANSPORTATION: water-related Bristol, MA County and State Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing 12 1 buildings 2 sites 3 _ structures 5 objects 22 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 0 Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) DOMESTIC: single dwelling 7.
Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) COLONIAL: Georgian MID-19TH CENTURY: Greek Revival LATE VICTORIAN: Italianate Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundation brick wallswood/weatherboard roof asphalt other stone (wharves) Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number -7 Page -1 Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts 7.
DESCRIPTION The Dighton Wharves Historic District is comprised of four historic homes lining the west side of Pleasant Street and three eighteenth century wharves directly eastward across Pleasant Street along the west bank of the Taunton River. The district contains approximately 5.5 acres, with the houses set on relatively deep but narrow lots, each with about 100 feet of street frontage. The district is characterized by the large shade trees which line this section of Pleasant Street and by the river-orientation of the homes and wharves, from which one has a commanding view up and down the river. The homes are set close to the street and vary in size and scale from modest to quite substantial. Their similar rectilinear massing and fine period detailing tend to unify the area. The properties date from ca. 1760 to ca.
1800, although significant renovations in the 1830s and 1870s are reflected in their present appearances. The district contains a total of twenty-three resources, of which twenty-two are contributing. There are twelve contributing buildings, five contributing objects, two contributing sites and three contributing structures. The one noncontributing resource is a small building, a concrete block two-car garage at the southernmost edge of the district. The properties are in excellent condition and have been well- maintained. Original design character and original fabric are largely intact, except for recent aluminum siding on one building, the Darius Perry House (#9). The district's topography is defined by the generally level flood plain on which it is situated along the Taunton River's west shore. The three wharves jut out prominently into the river.
The rear yards slope gently up to the west, where three nineteenth century barns are still intact in the areas behind the homes that were formerly pastureland. Mature shade trees dating from the nineteenth century line both sides of Pleasant Street, creating a protected enclave amidst the otherwise open expanse of shoreline. The four homes are situated on adjacent lots, each with about 100 feet of street frontage. All are set quite close to the street, within 15 to 25 feet from its edge, and all are of wood-frame construction. With the exception of the concrete block garage set close to the street, all of the outbuildings are set behind the homes on the rising slope. The three wood-frame barns are visible from the street, a reminder of the area's agrarian history.
Low hand-built stone walls denote the boundaries between properties and make use of the same stone and dry masonry construction as the three wharves. The wharves and open parcels between them are now planted with grass whereas historically (in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries) there were several sheds and small buildings associated with maritime commerce. The district's boundaries are inclusive of all the eighteenth century homes in the immediate area which were associated with the district's shipbuilding and marine commerce activities. To the north, Muddy Cove Lane separates the district from Muddy Cove, a marshy area which serves as an outlet. to the river (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number -] Page - 2 OMB Approval No.
1024-0018 Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts alterations which have severely challenged its historic integrity. Architecturally, the district was built as a series of simple Georgian homes during the period from ca.1770 to ca. 1800. Later renovations have given each of the homes a distinctive nineteenth century appearance, three as Greek Revival designs and one as a handsome Italianate design. All of the houses have been enlarged during the nineteenth century with rear two-story ells, greatly increasing their originally modest sizes into substantial homes. Since exact dates of the homes are not documented, they are described here in order of numerical address. Property names are based on historic research of the original owner and significant later owners' names.
Numbers in parentheses refer to the attached Sketch Map Number, followed by MHC Inventory Number, then Photograph Number (where applicable). The Old Customs House at 2298 Pleasant Street (MAP #1; MHC #108; Photograph #1) was built ca. 1770 as a modest Georgian design, then remodelled to its present Georgian/Greek Revival appearance in the first half of the nineteenth century, probably ca. 1830. It is a two-story, clapboard-faced structure resting on a brick foundation and has a ridge roof and squat center chimney. It is five bays wide and two bays deep. An enclosed one-story entrance portico dominates the facade. A two-story rear ell (also ca.1830) extends westward from the northern portion of the main mass. It is three bays deep, two bays wide, and has a ridge roof with slight returns and a tall chimney at its peak.
The main facade faces eastward and features splayed wooden lintels at all first floor window openings, narrow cornerboards, and a simple dentilled cornice above the second-story windows. Windows are now two-over-two lights. The entrance portico extends one bay eastward and has a triangular pediment which extends forward slightly, supported by wood columns with a single beaded cap. Two-sided corner pilasters flank the six-panel door, and also appear to support the pediment and its wide frieze, which are approached from a set of six wide wooden stairs. The north and south elevations of the main mass also feature splayed lintels at all stories and matching two-over-two sash. At the third story, a pair of matching windows is centered between the two bays of the lower stories. The rear ell continues the use of splayed lintels and two-over-two wood sash.
Its west elevation has its second story windows set close to the cornerboards while the first story windows are inset more. (continued) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet 7 Section number 3 Page Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts The interior of the Old Customs House largely retains its original floor plan, including a tight front stair hall and a large keeping room/kitchen in the rear middle section. The small room at the southwest corner of the house was used as the "Customs House" in the early nineteenth century and had a separate entrance where the south window is now located. Directly westward of the house are a small clapboard shed and further westward, a second, smaller shed, originally an outhouse.
Both appear to be of nineteenth century date, each with plank doors and simple multi-lite wood windows with flat wood trim. The Elkanah Andrews/James Spooner House stands at 2308 Pleasant Street (MAP #3; MHC #104; Photograph #2). Originally built ca. 1770 as a Georgian design, it was enlarged and redesigned as a pretentious Greek Revival manse ca. 1830. The main mass is an imposing 2 1/2-story block, set on a raised, parged brick foundation. A broad gable dominates the facade, supported by six massive two- story square piers. The main mass is five bays wide and three bays deep, from which a large two-story ell, two bays wide and three bays deep, extends westward from the northern portion of the house. The impressive facade features a large elliptical window centered in the pediment, which is adorned at the soffits with large flat modillions.
The large square columns have Classical caps which support a wide frieze and a flat-modillioned cornice. Windows at the first and second story have six-over-six wood sash and wooden louvered shutters. The center entrance has a three-lite rectangular transom, matching the three-lite, three-quarter length sidelights flanking the six-panel door. A wooden balustrade edges the front porch, matching the wooden railings of the wide nine-stair wooden steps. The north and south elevations repeat the wide frieze and modillioned cornice of the facade, as well as the six-over-six window design and louvered shutters. The south elevation also has a narrower center bay of one-over-one windows at both stories. The rear ell, also dating from ca.
1830 (based on its design), retains its six-over-six window design at all openings, and has an exterior chimney on its north elevation, flanked by windows at both stories. Its south elevation has three windows at the second story, and at the first story, a six-panel door with two-lite transom flanked by two windows. The interior of the house largely retains its floor plan from the time it was converted to a Greek Revival mansion. The large central stairhall has a wide straight stair which curves around the rear wall at its top. The first floor consists of two front parlors with end fireplaces, and two rear rooms, each with a fireplace on their shared center wall. The second story floor plan also retains its two front fireplaced bedrooms, with smaller rooms having been redesigned in the rear wing. (continued) OMB Approval No.
1024-0018 ormSUU-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number - Page 4 Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts To the west of the main house are several outbuildings. Closest to the house is a gable-roofed, clapboard-faced two-car garage, a converted carriage house design. Centered in the gable is an elliptical light, a smaller version of the main house's gable design. The facade consists of two panelled sliding doors, each with three small, square, two-lite windows. It is two bays deep, with two-over-two windows on the north and south elevations. Just west of the garage is a larger, one and one-half story barn, also of nineteenth century design. The clapboard exterior is trimmed with plain cornerboards and baseboard.
Its east elevation features an elliptical multi-lite window in its gable. The five-bay south facade features two large panelled barn doors and two three-over-one double-hung windows. Above are five small, square two-light window openings. Just north of the barn is a small, one-story building with a hipped roof, the former well house, ca. 1900. It has vertical plank sheathing, a hipped roof with a simple bracket cornice, and small six-light sash, two each on the north and east elevations. A small three-seat outhouse with a ridge roof and clapboard sides sits at the rear (west) property line, and presently awaits refurbishment. The Eddy House at 2320 Pleasant Street (MAP #6; MHC #103; Photograph #3) is an eighteenth century Georgian home modified and expanded into an Italianate design ca. 1870.
It is a rectangular, five- bay/center entrance design with a one-story, flat-roofed, open porch across the west facade and a large, central chimney which has been parged. Along the two-bay end elevations, the ridge roof has overhanging eaves with paired brackets and deep returns. The substantial, three-bay rear ell in the two northern bays also has a steep ridge roof with returns and was reportedly built ca. 1870. The design of the east facade is dominated by the full-length Italianate porch. It has a bracketted cornice supported by four square posts with cut-out centers. The center entry has an hexagonal enclosure with six-over-six lights in the bays which flank the six-panel door. Wooden stairs in the north bay and from the south end of the porch now have metal railings, as does the entire porch. Windows on the facade are six-over-six wood sash with louvered shutters.
The south and north elevations of the main mass have six-over-six sash, louvered shutters, and a matching window centered in the third story. The south first-story opening has recently been enlarged slightly to a ten-over-ten opening. The same treatment is continued on the three-bay west elevation. The rear ell has matching window openings, but with two-over-two lights at the second story. On the south (continued) OMB Approval No.
1024-0018 (NPS F rm 10-.900-2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet 7 Section number Page 5 Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts elevation, two historic door openings have multi-light doors, and the two window openings have been altered slightly with multi-light sash To the west of the house is a large two and one-half story barn, recently restored. The large rectangular mass rests on a raised stone foundation with basement access from the end elevations. The east facade is faced in clapboards and trimmed with cornerboards, while the other three elevations are shingled. The large centered barn door has two small, six-light sash. Above it are three square six-light sash. These match the design of the end elevations' windows: two at the second story and one in the gable.
Centered at the south elevation's first level is a band of three six-light sash. The Darius Perry House (MAP #9; MHC #107; Photograph #5) stands at 2328 Pleasant Street, at the southern edge of the district. It is a one and one-half story Cape style home reportedly dating from the 1750s, although its design has been modified by a nineteenth century pedimented entrance enclosure, a narrow one-story extension (ca. 1910) along the south elevation, a large rear dormer (ca.1914), and a large two-story rear ell in the northern bays. This was a one-story ell in the nineteenth century, raised to two stories in 1925. The clapboard exterior has recently been sheathed with vinyl siding. The house rests on a brick foundation, partially parged, and has a squat center chimney, also parged. The facade is five bays wide with a large pedimented entrance of one-bay depth.
Windows are six-over-one wood sash. A new wood entry porch and stairs have replaced earlier stone steps. The hipped south wing has a matching window on its facade and two on its longer south-facing elevation. Above it is a single second-story window centered below the ridgeline. The large rear ell has six-over-six sash in its side and rear elevations and an exterior chimney on the west elevation. The interior of the Darius Perry House retains its original floor plan, including a tight center front stair and three rooms on each floor of the main mass. Nineteenth century fireplace mantels, stair balustrades, and other trim also remain. Directly south of the house and fronting directly onto the street is a two-car concrete block garage (MAP #A) which dates from early in this century. It has an asphalt shingle roof, is in fair condition, and is the only intrusive element in the district.
To the west of the house and set back on a gentle rise is a large nineteenth century barn, also in only fair condition. The barn rests on a raised stone foundation and stone piers at the northern side which give access to an open keeping area. It has a ridge roof and overhanging eaves with returns. The facade is clapboard while the other elevations and the one-story rear ell are shingled. A large sliding door is situated in the south portion of the east facade. Two six-over-six windows are centered in the north elevation, one at each story. (continued) OMB Approval No.
1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet 7 Section number Page 6 Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts East of Pleasant Street, the four houses overlook a 20-30 foot-deep expanse of open grass with several large shade trees along its length. Jutting out from these well-maintained lawns are the three historic wharves which appear to date from ca. 1760-ca. 1775, based on the known history of the district and the types of construction used. Towards the northern end, a wooden marker denotes the location of the Andrews Wharf (MAP #5; Photograph #4) is the largest of the three wharves, extending out past the shoreline approximately 70 feet on its southern side and 50 feet at its northern side.
Roughly 30 feet wide, it is a hand-built stone wharf of dry masonry, with its surface now planted in grass. Along the east edge are new wooden pilings and a dock, accessed from a stair at the southeast corner. About 20 feet further south is the Spooner Wharf (MAP #8; Photograph #4). It too is approximately 30 feet wide but extends outward only about 30 feet from the shore. Of matching stone construction, it too has a float off its east side. The Perry Wharf (MAP #12; Photograph #4) extends nearly as far out into the river as the Andrews Wharf and is of comparable width and design. Along its southern edge, a small beach has been formed by the river's movement over two centuries, partially concealing the stonework on this elevation of the wharf. The district's character has undergone minimal change architecturally. The four homes retain their architectural integrity and their settings.
None have been moved. One late-nineteenth century house no longer stands, however. This was a two-story Colonial Revival "cottage" which was built as an annex to the Eddy House in the early years of this century. Similar in size and massing to the Eddy House itself, it was set back behind the main house, southeast of the restored barn. It was removed sometime later in this century, and its site replanted as a lawn. The most significant change to the district's appearance is that the wharves are now used only for a minimum of pleasure craft, whereas historically they would have had many small transport boats tied up along each of their three sides. When commerce and trade were the focal points of the local economy, the wharves had small sheds for storing goods and carrying on business and carpenter shops. It is known that Darius Perry had a carpenter shop on his wharf.
Later, in the late nineteenth century, a small rectangular Stick style pavilion on Spooner Wharf provided open-air seating for guests of the Eddy House. Canoeists and recreational sailors tied their boats off the piers. It was not until more recently that the wharves were planted with grass. (continued) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet 7 7 Section number Page Dighton Wharves Historic District Dighton, (Bristol County) Massachusetts The district contains only one intrusion, the garage (MAP #A) of the Darius Perry House. At the southernmost edge of the district, it has little impact on views of the rest of the district, where the well- maintained homes, open lawns and large trees continue to define a visually cohesive residential enclave.
Archeological Description There is bound to be a high degree of archeological sensitivity throughout this district. Each of the homesites has been occupied since ca. 1750-1770, indicating there must have been trash heaps, outdoor privies, etc. for an extensive period of time. The rear portions of the properties were used for agricultural purposes: farmland, orchards, and animals. Evidence of such items as animal pens, wells, post holes from fence lines, animal burials and stone walls may exist. Structural remains from early outbuildings may also survive. The wharves themselves have undergone very little subsequent activity, making it likely that remaining artifacts from colonial and nineteenth century commerce and trade activities are probably abundant. Structural evidence of early structures on the wharves may also exist. (end) Dighton Wharves Historic District Name of Property 8.
Statement of Significance