Brookline Town (part 2 of 6)

ber of 1849, services being held in the town hall. Next year it was decided to erecl a church. Augustus Aspinwall donated the lot at the corner of the present St. Paul Street and Aspinwall Avenue; other members gave large sums until a total of $12,000 was raised. The building designed by Richard Cpjohn. when completed cost for the tower and the body of the church complete $26,- 000, and the extra cost was paid by William Appletonand Harrison lay. The bell, worth nearly $1,000, was presented by T. C. Bell of London, a native of Brookline. The church was o msecrated December 23. 1852. Mr. Horton resigned in May, 1852. and. in September. Rev. John S. Stone was chosen rector, and served u in i I October. IS02, morial tablets in the church to Henry Savage Chase, Harrison lay. Rev. Dr. Stone, and James S. Aniorv: and memorial windows to William Chadbourne; Man I.ile\ ( 'ani]>i>i'll. wife of \V. I'". Humphrey; Marland Cogswell Hobbs; l.ila (!. Floyd and Edward K. Floyd, Jr.; Colonel William Latham Candler; Sarah Leveretl Chase; Thomas Parsons; and Hon. William Aspinwall. who died in 1S23,

Brookline thus had in 1850 three church edifices, the First Parish Church (Unitarian), the Baptist Church, the Harvard Church. (Orthodox Congregationalist i. and one in course of erect ion. St. Paul's (Episcopalian). In 1,852, steps were taken to organize congregations of Roman Catholics in Brook- when Rev. Francis Warton was elected. He resigned in Xovember. 1N69. From that time until .March. 1875. Rev. William Wilberforce Xewton. D. D., was rector, and he was succeeded by the present rector, the Rev. Leonard Kip Storrs. I). 1 >.. in I lecember, 1875.

During Dr. Storrs's service as rector, the chapel on the north side was added. In 1885, the rectorywas built in memory of Mr. Henry S. Chase, by his children. In 1896, a parish house was built aftet designs by Mr. J. A. Schweinfurth. and is said to be in harmony architecturally with the church, which has always been considered a masterpeice of Richard L'pjohn. There are incline and Bright i in. a large numer of fa mi lie- of thai fait h having settled in both towns. Rev. Michael t I'Beirne was delegated to do this work, and succeeded so well that the erection of St. Mary's Church of the Assumption was begun that year in Andeni Place. Meanwhile services were held in Lyceum Hall. 'Lin- first services in the new church were held on Christinas day. 1853. ami 1 he church was dedicated Sept. 24, 1854. The Rev. Mr. O'Beirne was obliged to give up the work on account of failing health, and in December. 1854, the Rev. J. M. I i in .1 1 i took charge of the parish, but he was not actually appointed pastor until Me.'. S, IS56. On Thanksgiving Dav, Nov. 27.

Brookline, Massachusetts

1855, the church came near being destroyed liv General Pastor, the Rev. Thomas Worcester, fire, but ii was at once repaired and enlarged, the with twenty members, name]} : Tilh R Haysealing capacity being increased to over one ward, William A Wellman, Matilda G. Wellman, thousand. A greal increase in the congregation I'heophilus I'. Chandler, Kli/a J. Chandler, soon after look place, and for some time Rev. -I David Wilder. Jr., Celia Cotton Wilder, Sarah ('. Murphy was associated with Father Finotti as Searlc. Abraham I.. Cutler, Harriel H. Cutler, colleague. In 1872. shortly after Faster, Father Daniel II Rogers, Lucy S, Rogers. Francis R Finotti was succeeded by the Rev. I'. F I. ami). Towne. Man R. Morland, Ellen M Hale. Fllen M. who. however, was soon obliged in give up tin' Wellman. Fdwin Field, Sarah M. Field, William work of caring for the parish and go south on ac- I '- I la -el i me. [Catherine II Haseltine, nearly all of count of liis health, lie died in New York, Juh whom were tn embers of the I lost on Society of the 1873, and his body was brought home to St. New Jerusalem and resigned to unite in forming Mary's, where the funeral services were conducted. the Brookline church. A building corporation. The same month the Rev. L. J. Morn- was ap- formed in June. I860, under Massachusetts laws, pointed pastor of the parish. Work was begun was authorized to hold property besides the mi a new church. Sept. I, I8N0, at the western church building, to the value of $50,000. This corner of Harvard Street ami Linden place: the corporation subsequently purchased a lot, corner comer si one was laid June 19, 1881, t he sermon of High and Irving Street-, for .$2,000, began the being delivered by the Rev. C. IL McKenna. (). erection of a church designed by Philbrick & S. B.. while Archbishop Williams took pari in the Wan', architects, in the autumn of 1800, and the ceremonies. Services took place in the new building was finished in 1862, at a total cost, church for the first time in October. 1882, but it including organ and furnishings, of $12,908.03, all was not until August 22, 188(5, thai the church of which was paid a1 the time, except a balance of was finished and dedicated. This church is His $3,500. The seating capacity of the new church leet m length, of (Inline architecture, with a was about 250. Mr. Hayward continued as mintower on the side toward Harvard Street . and is ister until .July, 18(31. Aug, 12. 1861, Rev. John brown-tone. Rev, 1. .1 Morris, after a long and one year Feb. 22. 1S62, the church was dedisuccessful pastorate, died Jan. 11. 1900. and was cated. Rev. Thomas Worcester and Rev. John C.

by Rev. . I oh 1 1 P. Sheehan, who became connected preach and coni i titled one year; he was then inwith the parish early in 1903. vited to become the pastor, and was ordained at go i" the Providence, R. I., society, and lie was succeeded by Rev. Willard II. Hinckley, who was installed as pastor by the Rev. Joseph Pettee, tin' General Pastor, on Dim-. 4. ISS1.

In the summer of ISS2 a parsonage was erected in the church grounds at a cosl of $6,000, and on lice. Llthof the same year, the corporation executedadeed of this property to the society, under the same conditions as the church building was transferred on April .">, 1878. March 22, 1S95, tin- Rev. Mr. Hinckley resigned, and terminated his connection with tin' church, June -'!').

York City, and the Rev. Charles \V. Harvey, then in tin' Xrw Church Theological School at Cambridge. Mass., was asked to preach. In the spring of 1S99, he was ordained to the ministry hv the Rev. James Reed, "I' I '."-ton. ( leneral Pastor of the Massachusetts Association of the \Te\v Church. Mr. Harvey is very popular and greatly loved by i he members of his church.

Not until 1863 did the Metho lists appear mi t he -i'. 'iir in Brookline. In that year the Rev. Gilbert Haven, thru stationed in B iston, and afterwards fainnii- as an all ilitionist an I later as a bishop of

For the next year the pulpit was supplied by different ministers, with the assistance of Mr. I labbell in the Sunday School, and in September, 1 896, the Rev. Julian K. Smyth, the pastor of the Roxbury snciety. was asked to take ministerial charge of the Brookline society of the New Church, with a service in the afternoon in addition to his duties at Roxbury. With the consent of the Roxbury society, Mr. Smyth accepted, and began his ministry in October, 1896. During the winter of 1S97-S, the Rev. Mr. Warren took charge of the Sunday School. In the .summer of 1898, Mr. Smyth accepted a call from tin church in New his church, held Sunday evening services in the town hall. A Methodist society was not, however, organized, until IS".'!: it purchased the old Harvard Church, now- the Bethany Building on Washington Street, then just vacated by the Harvard Congregational Society, and rededicated it as a Methodist Church. June 23, 1S73. The Rev. \ . I >. Winslow was the first pastor, but he was succeeded in the spring of 187-1 by the Rev. Mark Trafton, a man of ability and power, financial troubles in 1S76 compelled the society to sell the Bethany Building, and from lsTti to 1S79 services were held in the town hall, ruder the leadership i in April 9, 1892, the corner stone of a new a church "where all might worship in the unity of church, situated on the corner of Bark ami Vernon the spirit and the bond of peace. " Among the streets, was laid (in that occasion, an historical ministers who have been connected with the church address was given by the pastor, the Rev. William were: Rev. James M. Hubbard in 1862; Rev. X. Brodbeck, and addresses were also made by C. C. Tiffany, in 1863; Rev. S. B.Crufts.in 1864, Bishops Hurst and foster. During the building and a part of 1st;."); Rev. Henry A. Miles, sucof the church, which occupied between four and eeeded Mr. Crufts, and officiated for a year or two. five years, services were held in the town hall. lor about fifteen years t he church was without a ()ct. II. 15, and is. St. Mark'- was dedicated, regular minister, but in April, 1893, Rev. Caleb Bishop Fowler preaching tin' dedication sermon. Davis Bradlee, D. D., took charge and built up The pastors of the church have been: Rev. E. a flourishing society and congregation. l'nder D Win-low; Rev. Mark Trafton, 1874-5; Rev. Mr. Bradlee's leadership this congregation was or- W. S. Robinson (supplied), 1S76; Rev. Elijah R. ganized in October, 1896, as the Second Unitarian Watson (supplied), 1877-8; Rev. William Mc- Society in Brookline, which continued to hold Donald, 1879-1881: Rev. Joshua ( iill. I SSL' ; Rev. services in Sears's Chapel until January, 1902. William G. Leonard, 1SS3-4; Rev. Joshua Gill, Mr, Bradlee resigned as the minister of Christ's 1885-6; Rev. John II. Twombly. 1SS7-1890; Church, or Sears's Chapel. April. 1897, preached Rev. William N'ast Brodbeck. 1891-3; Rev. Wil- his farewell sermon April 25th,anddied suddenly liam [ngraham Haven, 1S94-7; Rev. A B. Ken- and unexpectedly six days later. May 1. 1897. dig, D, D.. 1897-1900. The present pastor, the Since the Second L'nitarian Society ceased to Rev. Dillon Bronson, D. D.. began hi- ministry worship in the edifice. Sear-'- Chapel has been here January I. 1901. l'nder his pastorate the unused. Sears's Chapel is practically a mortuary membership has increased remarkably. Mr. monument to Mr. Sears and his family. In its George A. Clough.of Brookline. was t he architect vaults his body and about a score of those of the of St. Mark's. The church, which is one of the members of his family have been buried. Mr. mosl striking and beautiful in the town, cost. Sears by his will provided for the care of the buildincluding laud, organ and furniture, $160,000. ing and grounds, all repairs, and that the edifice It ha- 1 n thus described: be heated in winter whether occupied or unoccu- the transept, to Mrs. Rachel Moore; at the the use of the congregation. He evidently beeastem end of the transept, to the Rev. Mark lieved that people would sink their mental differ- articles which he conceived would lie sufficient fur all people in united worship. The attempt failed. The Second Unitarian Society in Brookline was organized in Sears's Chapel, under the leadership of Rev. Caleb I). Bradlee, l>. D., in ( >ctober, 1S96. Nov. 11, 1S97, the Rev. Edward David Towle was settled as its first minister, and is still in charge. Services continued to be held in Sears's Chapel until January, 1902, when the society moved to the corner of Beacon and Charles streets, having built then- a parish house, in

Rev. Reginald 11. Howe, l». !».. son of Bishop Howe of Central Pennsylvania, became rector. In addition to the church building, t hi- parish now has a parish house erected in 1879: a rectory and cloister, in 1885; and a memorial transepl and choir room, in 1893. All these structures were largely erected by the members of the Lawrence family. One of the features of the church is a window in the nave by the celebrated English artist. Sir Edward Burne-.Iones. This parish attracts many people from Longwood, in Brookresidexck of John o. \\i:h;iii \\n<>i>i \\i>-

The Second Episcopal Church in Brookline was organized Feb. 19, 1868, and its edifice, the beautiful ( 'hurch of < lur Saviour, on the corner of Monmouth and Carlton streets, was consecrafed in March of the same year. The church was built in memory of the Hull. Allies l.awi'elice. the celebrated Bustell merchant, by his sons, Amos A. Lawrence and William R. Lawrence. Rev. Elliott D. Tomkins was the first rector, and he was succeeded in 1n7."> by Rev. Frank L. Norton, D. D. March. 1877, line, from the Back Lay. Boston, and from the Roxburv Districl aero-- the parkway adjoining. A third Episcopal Church, All Saint.-, was organized in Brookline, Nov. 1. 1894, and tin' first service was held on September 30th. November 25th, the Rev. Daniel Dulany Addison, D. D., was elected rector, and was installed December 23d, a( a morning service held in tin- Beaconsfield Casino. February S, 1895, the parish was incorporated, and since September of the same year the chapel on the southwestern corner of Beacon Si reet and 1 lean Road has been in use for service.

ris conceived the idea of erecting a new church to accommodate this section, in which the people of hi- faith were rapidly increasing, with the resull thai he liuili the St. Lawrence Church. From t lie time u|' ii> dei licat ion, divine sen ices were conducted by the priests of St. Mary's until the founding nf the parish the following New Year's Day, when Rev. Thomas 1'. McManus was appointed rector. At its inception, the new parish included but about Till) persons, but now more than l.tiou Catholics reside within its boundaries. Connect-

From the beginning of the settlement, the inhabitants nf Muddy River had paid rates and sent their children to school in Boston or to the nearer schools in Roxbury where tuition fees had to be paid. This was inconvenient, and doubtless in many cases expensive, and seem- to have been the chief reason that prompte I them in L686 to desire t anage their own affairs. Iu the Boston Records, under date of March 29, 1686, is the following

I < iHM I I'M I HE I 'link ('mi I ALIed with the church are sodalities and societies for the men and women of the congregation, and a Sunday School in which more than a thousand children are enrolled. The most recenl acquisition of the parish, the Sunday School hall, is used during the week as a club room by the men of the vicinity, and is fitted with all the conveniences usually found in parish clubs. St . Lawrence's Church is a picturesque edifice, in the < l< it hie style "i architecture, and i- located in one of the most beautiful regions in Brookline.

"A motion of the inhabitants of Muddy River fur a writing school fur their children was read at a public meeting of the inhabit ant of this town, the Sth of March, and that their town rates may be improved to that use and the selectmen appointed tu choose a place for the erecting of a house:

"In answer tu said motion, it was voted that the selectmen take this matter into consideration and inquire into the reason thereof and represent it tu tin' next general town meeting what is necessary tu be dune therein. " themselves twelve pounds per annum, to be pounds. The records arc silent as to the first raised in the usual manner of collecting rates or cost and the location of this original (own schooltaxes, and that the remainder of the money house.

needed to pay the salary of the schoolmaster be Instead of trying to support a school and mainobtained by a charge to "be laid equally upon lain a sehoolhouse, the town s e years later years after the vote was passed providing for two sehoolhouses at their own charge that imthe method of raising the money to pay a school- prove them. Also that they maintain a good

Ai this same meeting the selectmen were di- quarter at one sehoolhouse and the other quarrected to levy a ' ' rate upon the inhabitants to de- ter a( the other, to teach, to write and cypher."

Ira\ the charges of repairing the sehoolhouse In accordance with this plan, at the town meetand pound." It would appear by this vote thai ing May II, 17ll.it was a sehoolhouse had been built in accordance with "Agreed with Win. Story to keep school the original grant. On March."), 17i>~>. a tax of months, he beginning January 7th, 1711-1'-'. Alton \ shillings was voted by the inhabitants at the lowing £5.0.0 for his services. Agreed with John village meeting, to be assessed for the repair of the Winchester, Jun'r for his man Ivl. Ruggles, to sehoolhouse, and at the same meet ing a duplicate keep school at t lie New Sehoolhouse 2 months, he of the vote of Jan. 19, 16S7, in regard to the assess- beginning .Ian nary 2:!. Wednesday, 1711-12. Alment for the support of the school, was passed. It lowing for his services, £4.0.0." would thus appear that the village possessed a This method of partial support of the schools sehoolhouse erected at its own expense, and a was evidently followed for a considerable period. schoolmaster supported by the people themselves. In the years immediately following the incorpo- ( tn March 11, 1700, the town meeting of Boston, ration of the town larger sums were appropriated in denying the petition of the inhabitants of Hud- for the support of the schools than what were dy River to be a separate village, had promised voted afterward. Thus in 17U7, twenty pounds to provide a schoolmaster for them and pay him were appropriated, but in 17b! and 1 71 I only ten out of the town treasury. Whether this was pounds were appropriated each year, and in 1714 il done or not, does not appear from the records; was voted " that i he sums of money raised for the but at any rate the people of Muddy River five keeping of schools at the three parts of the town be years later took the matter into their own hands. distributed .and paid to the school which each man and provided tor the payment of their own school- -hall improve." In other words, to use the lanmaster in a sehoolhouse which they already guage with which we tire familiar today, the owned. More than any other one thing this schools in Brookline at thai lime were "subsidifnculty in regard to the school was e\ idently the dized."

"From a place known liv the name oi Caleb Gardner's walnut tree at the north end oi the town, from said tree to Cambridge line. The centre or middle pari of ilic town from -aid walnut tree to Xewton line, including Joseph Adams, Joseph Goddard and Henry Winchester. The south end of the town taking in Samuel N'ewel and all t he other families at t he sunt h end.

Amariah Winchester to pay him seven pounds and people in each precinct should be taxed to support four shillings for keeping the Center school, three the schools in their own districts, and that Edmonths. The amounts appropriated lor schools ward White and John Winchester should be trusabout thisperiod were: for 1718, 20 pounds; 171!), tees for the north precinct. Deacon While and IT, pounds; 1720, 15 pounds; 1721, 15 pounds; John Seaver lor the middle precinct, and James 1722, 25 pounds; 1723, -ill pounds; 1724, 30 Griggs and Joshua Child for the south precinct. pounds; 1725, 30 pounds; 17'->(i. 30 pounds. According to tradition the first schoolhouse

At the town meeting March 1. 1723, the limits erected by the town of Brookline was built about of the school districts were again defined, as

171.'! on the triangular plot of ground at the June tion of Walnut and Warren streets, and nearly opposite the present First Parish church. As appears from the records, however, it is evident that says thai "if this vote was carried out a schoolhouse must have stood on or near the present High School playground." The other school was to "stand half way between Christopher flier's and the corner of the lane near Thomas

Edward White, Caleb < lardner, and Robert Sharp were elected a committee to ered the north school; and Abraham Woodward, Thomas Stedman and Isaac Child, to erect the other.

1 1 1730,1 \vi i schools were in operation supported by the town, as on .March 2d it was voted "to keep school ten months this year, five months with two mistresses, one in each school; and five months with a master, ten weeks in each school, "

May 17.17 15, it was voted to raise one hundred and eighty pounds ''fur poor schools and other charges." lines this mean that the scl Is supported bv the town were for the children of the not so supported? December 17. 1745, it was voted to build a schoolhouse on land given to the town by Joseph and Moses White for that purpose

The new schoolhouse on the land given by the Whites was probably erected the following year, as on May 10, 1746. certain persons were exempted from paying taxes for the cost of the newsehoolhouse. and a rate of fifty pounds was laid on the resl of the inhabitants, while the selectmen were directed to engage a schoolmaster to teach from and William Gleason wen- appointed a committee i ' > secure a schoolmaster and schoolmistresses. The services of a schoolmaster and t wo schoolmistresses were thus equally divided between the schools, ami forty pounds were voted 1" defray school expenses The locations of the schoolhouses were evidently not satisfactory, a- for aboul half a century from this time motions were i i asionally introduced in the town meeting in regard to finding "the most convenient spot to erect a ~chiH.lhi.u-e for the benefit of the whole town," as to how n, any schools t here should be, and w here additional schoolhouses could best be place. I

' ' Voted. Thai Mr. .lame- Shed and his son have liberty to -end their children to Brookline school. they finding their proportion of wood and paying their proportion for their polls according led ii. en apportion upon other children."

Wkuxe, Massachusetts

iIiciii from the town school tax as long as they would maintain this school. Ma\ IS, 17(il,i1 was voted to repair the upper and lower schoolhouses. May L762, the town meeting voted to appropriate the interest of a legacy left toil by Mr.Edward Devotion, to the use of the Middle Schoolhouse. At thai time the legacy amounted to 7'W pounds and I shillings. The present Kdward Devotion School, 'Mi Harvard Street, which stands on the "M Devotion farm, commemorates the memory of this i ill I benefactor of the Brookline schools. A controversy arose in 1707 as to whether the grammar school should be open in the summer next vear, however, the town voted to assist the Sunt 1 1 District to 1 mild a school house " to be of the same bigness as the Woman's School House thai i- in i he middle dist rid . " At t he meel oil: of March I. 1771. the selectmen were instructed to whether it was besl to repair it or pull it down and erect :i new one in another place. In June, 1771. the town voted to assist the Middle District "lying .in Sherbun Rode," to build a schoolhouse. The controversy as to the opening oi the grammar school in summer, seems to have been :i favorite bone of contention, as it came up repeatedly.

time. At t he M;i \ meel mil: i he vote u as nol 1 1 1 - > j x 1 1 the school, but al the July meeting it was voted tn keep it open in summer. Al the same meeting it was decided to remove "the upper woman's school to the South District," to provide ;i room for it, at the charge of the town, and to continue its sessions, or as phrased in the record,' ' to another meeting in 17H7 it was voted to keep the Middle School open for six months, and lo remove the upper school to the South District, but the town refused to build a new schoolhouse. The the (own voted to purchase an iron stove for the grammar schoolhouse, in order t" lessen the exkeep said Woman's School in for the presenl \t pen.se for fuel.

Ma\ 24, 1 7S0, t he tow n meet ing voted nol to hold sessions of the grammar school during the summer, and "thai a woman's school be kepi three months, one month in the schoolhouse al the the grammar school, was evidently a popular institution, as w null 1 appear l>\ the following record of tlir tow ti meeting of Jan. S, 17S1 : thers from the adjaeenl tow n have also been admitted there this season as usual foi si vera! years past , v. hereby the whole number <> < is become so great that it cannot be expected the schoolmaster can teach them all with any prospect of advantage to the scholars t herefore voted that Mr. Isaac Reed, the presenl schooln aster, be directed not to permit the children from an\ adjaeenl ti iw ti to con e i > - -i-l.i 'i il v, hile the number of scholars belonging to this town continues so large as to retpiire all his attention to their instruction. " of the town, for the term of three months inthe winter ti nd t hat a suitable master be eni;a ;ed to i ei [) school the other nine months in the vear in the schoolhouse in the middle of the town, and that two women schools lie kept where they will best accommodate each part of the town for the - of three months in the summer season."

In 17Nn, a woman's school was directed to be kept at the upper end of the town within one hundred rods of Daniel White"- house, for three months in the summer, and in I7N7 tin seL - were instructed to engage a schoolmistress to keep school in the schoolhouse in the middle of the town for three months in the summer.

streets Here the long term of the school from April To November was always held, and tl i troversy as to the keeping of the grammar school the summer undoubtedly related to this wa- replaced liv a brick schoolhouse in 1793. and a i lea -i pa i' i of the expense of its erection was paid : a gift from William Hyslop, blsq., to whom the town tendered its thanks January I. of thai year, "for In- generous donation for the purpose of building a schoolhouse in said town for the encouragcmenl and promotion of learning among ith mi' the rising-generation."' Whilst this new house was in process of construction the schoolmaster was directed to "divide In- time co, nail v in the schoolhouse al the upper end of the tew ti and the schoolhouse in t he lower end of the town, nfter the first day of April next, until tinsel Ihouse in the middle of the town is completed and fit te keep -el 1 in." ['he I5rick Schoolhouse wa- a square, hip-roofed building, fr eastward: it had no porch and was without blinds to tin- win. lew-, -e that n was a bare looking st ruel ure.

- convenient for the children to get to during tin- severe weather. One of these schools was kept in the house on School Street already mentioned; another wa- on Heath Street, near its junction with Warred Street. In addition, there were "Women's School-." which were kept in the summer, and probably utilized the same school tigs, although separate buildings were in some in-tai ice- erect et I specially for t heir use \ ' example of one of these remote small school]

II in existence, although probably modernized. in the neighborhood of the high service pumping station, near the junction of Newton and Grove streets, in the western part of the town. This building was known as the Putterham schoolhouse. and is still in use. but is now called the Newton Street School; it was built in 1768 and enlarged in 1S39

From the tii if its erection until the const ruction of the Brick Schoolhouse, the town meetings were usually held in the Meeting House, that building being town property but probably some of the special meetings were at times held in the old Middle Schoolhouse. The Brick Schoolhouse, however, became tin' place fur the assembling of the town meeting, and continued t<> be so used until Pierce Hall was erected and dedicated as a school, Jan. 1, 1S25. The upper story of Fierce Hall was the town hall, which was also used fur singing classes, lectures, public meetings, and sometimes used for religious services by organizations that had no church building. Pierce Hall i^ mi the next hit tu the Firsl Parish Church, and was named in honor of Dr. Pierce. At the serviscl 1 committee reported to the town meeting,

Xov. 13, 1S43, that it had been fitted up fur this purpose at an expense of $281.67. The school committee at this time consisted of Dr. Pierce, Rev. William H.Shailer of the Baptist Church, and Samuel Philbrick, Esq., who were all enthusiasts mi the subject of public education. The first principal of the high school was Benjamin H. Rhoades, who began teaching here May, 18-13. He was succeeded by Hezekia Shailer, bri it her of Re\ William 11. Shinier, who served from May 1, 1846, tn April _'ii, 1852. Since then the high school ces held by the town, Feb. 22. 1800, tn show respect for the memory of Washington, who had just died, the militia assembled at the Brick Schoolhouse and walked in procession to the existing church, which stood in the present yard of the parsonage, where Dr. Pierce conducted the services and delivered an address, three hundred copies of which were afterwards printed at the expense of the town.

Brookline, Massac 1 1 1 Sij Is

Prospecl streets, -the location of the first schoolhouse in the town or its immediate vicinity. The building was completed and read} for use early in 1857. and its entire cosl was about $14,000. It

No comparison will better illustrate the differences between the conditions in the past and the present than the cost of the school building; the present high school, which stands at the corner of Tappan Street and Gorham Avenue, facing the common, cost with its furnishings $225,000, as against $14,000 for the former high school forty years before. Even at that the present seln.nl is served until Aug. 21, 1900, and was succeeded) Sept. 1, 1900, by the present superintendent. George 1. Aldrich. School committee 1906: F. W. Hobbs, chairman; Geo. I. Aldrich, secretary; Michael Driscoll, .Mrs. Ruth C. Paine. Dr. E. W. Bowker, Rev. \V. 11 Lyon, YV. T. Sedgewick, Dr. Walter Channing, Mrs. Edith C. Baker, Thos. B. 1 it zpatrick.

A comparison bet ween the condition and cost of maintenance of the schools in 1S34, and seventytwo years later, in 190G, presents some striking differences :

It is seated in a plot of ground of 19,750 square feet, which was laid out by Olmsted, Olmsted .V Eliot, and now forms with its surroundings, a harmonious combination in a scenic sense, characteristic of the Brookline of the present.

The first person to hold the office of superintendent 1 1 1 selii H ils was William T. Reid, who was ap pointed April 22, 1872. and served until 1875 In 1879, 1). H, Daniels was appointed superintendent of the primary and grammar schools, the high school in it being under his direction. He resigned in 1890, and was succeeded bv Samuel T. 1 lut ton,

"The school in the South District, under the care of Mr. Converse, lias 13 scholars, 17 on the list School in the Middle District, under care of Moses Burbank, 35 were present, 50 mi the list. First North District, under the care of Leonard Spaulding, 11 were present, ti.'! mi the list. Also one school under the care of Hannah Pern and Lucy Davis, -19 were present, 53 mi the list. Whole number i on li-t I 183.

to support two schools in the First North District throughout the year, one female teacher 48 weeks at 82.50 per week, $120; also one other female teacher 32 weeks at $2.50 per week $80, the schocil to commence the first of April, keep to the first of December. Grant to the Second North District $100 a year during the town's pleasure. That the $46 saved to the town by the alteration in the Smith District should go to pay a female teacher in the hirst North District the ensuing winter.' ' tion, are as follows: High School, hs'.iti. < rorham Avenue; New Manual Training, 1902, Tappan Street; .1. Elliot Cabot, 18S8, Marion Street; Edward Devotion Primary, 1892, Grammar, 1899, both on Harvard street; Heath. 1904, Reservoir Lane; Lawrence, 1874, enlarged in 1885 and 1891, Francis street; William 1L Lincoln, 18S8, Simp. L889, Annex. 1894, Primary, 1898, all four on Boylston street ; Longwood, 1864, enlarged 1898, St. Mary's St reel ; Newton Street, 176S, enlarged 1839; Parsons, 1883, Walter Avenue; Pierce Grammar, 1900, School Street: Pierce Priman IS55, enlarged 1905, Prospect Street; John I).

With one exception all the old school buildings have ceased to be used for school purposes, or have been pulled down in recent year- and replaced by modern structures. The names of the present schools, the date of their erection, and their loca-

Runkle, 1897, enlarged 1901, Druce Street; Se wall. 1892, Cypress Street; Robert C. Winthrop, 1887, Brookline Avenue. All these structures are

Parsons Schools, and a portion of the Lawrence, and I hey are nearly all beautiful structures in an architectural sense, in harmony with their surroundings.

A el ass i i 'a 1 school was started in Brookline about the year 1822 by a number of gentlemen, including Richard Sullivan. General Dearborn, Ebenezer Francis, Lewis Tappan, Rev. John Pierce, Oliver Whyte, Elijah Corey, Timothy Co- rev, and others, and they erected a fine school building mi the northern side of Boylston Slrccl, east of Cypress Street. Subsequently an addition was limit for I lie accommodation of t he boarding students. Mr. Gideon Thayer, founder of the Chauncy Hall School, Boston, bought the place, and conducted it as a branch school, where delicate boys cnul 1 1 have better air. The nexl owner was George B. Emerson. LI,. 1).. eminent as a teacher and naturalist: but the classical school ceased to exist here, was transferred to various private houses with more or less success, and was finally abandoned. During Mr, Emerson's ownership, William Ware leased the house and here wrote m the north parlor, his historical romance, "Zenobia, or the Fall of Palmyra." Dr. A. S Shurtlcff became the owner about 1838.

Brookline was included in the sweep of the lyceum tin i\ enieiit which swe])t over New England during the second quarter of the nineteenth centurv. and continued a potent influence down to ,iiiei I- 7o A series of Lyceum lectures were started in the town hall in 1832, by Mr, I aai Thaver. and the Brookline Lyceum Society was organized, which for several winters conducted led ures and at t racted as t he old reports sav the " 'ht< " ,,f the town. Through the efforts of Mr. Thayer, Dr. S. A. Shurtleff :uiil others, a corporation known a- t he " Lyceum el' tin- Town hi Brookline," was incorporated in 1S41, and then erected Lyceum Hall, which Mill stands mi Washington St reel . west oi the site of the Bunch Bowl Tavern, anil opposite the end iif Walnut Street. Tin- institution did much for the education of the townspeople, and aided materially in broadening their outlook on life. The leading orators and lecturers of the time appeared on i1s platform, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Rufus Choate, Dr. Webster Hillard, Christopher Duncan, Charles Emerson, and many others.

A library was started in Brookline in 1S25, through the efforts of Rev. John Pierce. This was the firsl library in the town of a public nature. An association was formed, of which Dr. Pierce was president : Deacon Otis Wit hingt on, secretary. Deacon John Robinson, treasurer; and the town clerk, < Miver Whyte, librarian. Rules were adopted Dec. 27, LS25, and the 1 ks were kept at the house of the librarian, which was on the southeastern corner of Walnut and High streets, or between Walnut Street ami Village Lane. Later the library was located m the shoe shop of John Leeds ,m Washington Street, east of the present Public Library. For t he first and second years an annual subscription of live dollars was charged. but i lie rate fin- subsequent years was only two dollars.

An institution of the nature of a Mechanics' Institute, similar to those organi ?ed in many of the New England towns at tins period, was started in Brookline in I ' ,46 by a number of young men. among whom were Isaac R. Atwood, J. D. Long, Elisha Hall, Jr., Edward Hall, Eben Haskell. Isaac Farrington, Jr., Abraham C. Small, IS. F. Baker and Oliver Cousens. They maintained a room w Inch was kept open in the evenings, winter and summer, and here they accumulated a library formed by the contribution of members. Occasionally the} held debates and gave readings ami led me- in i lii- room or a larger one.

This institution was the forerunner of the movement which resulted m the formation ol the Public Library. One of iis members, Elisha Hall, is -a id tu ha ve suggested I o Horace Mann the drafting uf i he Massachusetts law of 185 1 . winch authorized cities and towns In appropriate money to equip and inaint am public libraries,

Brookline was one of t he first towns to establish a library under the provisions "I the statute of of 1S51. Votes were passed at the town meeting, March 30, 1No7, appropriating $934 fur the "foundation ami commencement " "t the library, and $233 for its "maintenance ami increase.'' The libra r\ was opened to the public Dec. 2. 1S57, with 900 volumes mi its shelves, in a room on the

N'iiv . II, |N.">7, and continued to be librarian until Sept. 19, IS71. He was succeeded by Mi-- Mary A. Bean, who held I he position until her death. Sept. 1. 1893. Charles K. Bolton of the Harvard College] ilirarv, was elected librarian November 2 1 , 1893, ami continued to administer t he library until he resigned in February, 1898, to become librari; f the Boston Athenaeum. He was succeeded

The main part of the present library building on Washington Street was completed and opened to public use in IS69, but several addition have since been made, a summary of which and of the work of the library, is given in the trustees' report fort he year ending Jan, ">!. 1905, as follows:

The trustees strongly urge the erection of a new libra rv, for the reasons t hat the present edifice is overcrowded and that additions to it will not secure satisfactory results. Probablj the near future will see a fitting library building in the town, which will be large enough to meet the increasing need-, and sufficiently dignified in architecture contained about 12,000 volumes The circulation in 1870 was about 25,000 volumes. Owing to the subsequent growth the northern extension was built in 1SSS. In 1S90 the library ci ntained 35,- 000 volumes; the circulation was 50,000; the population to be served was 12.103. In IS92 < ia t'd tier Hall, the reading room of the library, was constructed, but added little room for book shelves and none for administration. At the present time the population of Brookline is probat o compare with the i own hall and the general ap- | lea ranee of I he town.

Donations of money have at various times been made to the library. John L. Gardner gave $10,000 in 1871. and a bequest of $5,000 was received front Martin L Hall the same. year. These are the two principal funds, but gifts have also been received from John S. Wright, J. M. Howe. Mrs. Samuel Philbric. Abijah W. Goddard, Mrs. I). W. Russell, C. D. Bradlee.

ducted nil the tracks in its center, and it has sometimes been claimed that this was the first successful elect I'ii- street railway in the world. Ho\ve\ it t hat mav l>c, I >|i i< ikline is in >w -er\ ed by many lines of the street railways of the Boston Metropolitan District, and the streel railway ta\ paid to the town in l!)()5 was $29,756.(51.

Avenue, across the street from the parkway, which i- used for ball playing, while it is also provided with swings and gymnastic apparatus, the Cypress .Street playground, on which fronts the High School, the Public Path, and the Manual Training School, is about equal in area to the Brookline Avenue, and is used for all sorts of children's play; the Longwood Avenue playground, winch i- largely utilized for ball playing; the channel and valley of the Muchly River, extending for two miles along the southeastern border of the town, a thousand feel in width, admirably fills the place of such a park. This is well supplemented by numerous playgrounds throughout the town, sn located as to provide fur the centres of densest population. The principal playgrounds are located as follows: A large held on Brookline

Longwood Mall; the Washington Street playground; the Stedman Streel playground in the neighborhood of the Devotion Schools; the Beacon Street playground, and others. The town owns an extensive area on Hammond and Newton Streets, which can be and may be at some future i nee converted into a public park.

Brookline, Massac 'Husetts

town meetings, it was finally voted Oct. 24, 1895, to eonstrucl a Public Bath at a cost of $25,000. Jan. 30, 1896, the appropriation was increased to $40,000, not, however, to include the furn Nihil; "i' the land on the southern side of Tappan Street. The building was finished in December of the same year. It is a beautiful structure architecturally. The principal tank is eighty feet in length l>v twenty-six feet wide, lined with white-glazed brick, and has a sloping bottom, making it deeper at one end t ban at the other; tins makes a superb swimming pool, the dressing rooms being around the edge of the tank and separated from it by a footway four or five feet wide, '['here is also a

Probably the first town meetings were held in some of the original schoolhouses. The early records state that many of the meetings were held in the meeting house, which was erected in 171 t, and they probably continued to be held within its in 1793. Tins building was then the meeting place urn il the erection of Pierce Hall, in 1825, on the lot adjoining the First Parish Church, when the upper story of the new building became the town hall, the first apartment to be specifically known by that name and whose priman use was number of tub baths and rain baths. The dressing rooms, of which there are about fifty, have both fronl and rear entrances. A gallery overlooks the main tank, to which visitors are admitted. Certain days and hours are set apart respectively for the sexes to use the tanks and baths, and the building in all its conveniences is thoroughly appreciated and well patronized by the town people, li was dedicated January 1, 1897.

dedicated Oct. 14, with appropriate exercises, [)r. Pierce delivering an historical address, which was afterwards printed in book form at the expense of the town. This edifice was a frame building, which stood with its Liable to the street, had projecting pilasters in front, a basement story containing three rooms, a hall and committee room in t he second story, and it - dimensions were 70 by .">.x feet. The hall was 53 feet in length, 36 in width. 17 feet in height, with a gallen at one end

16 feet in depth. The selectmen were "authorized wholly a community affair today, where at one to open the town hall for all purposes of public time they were partly public and partly private in good, on application of three legal voters, pro- their support and management; the water sysvided all expenses of opening the same be paid by tern and the sewers are wholly under public those who apply except when such expenses can management, while the primitive methods which he legally paid by the town." The Public they supplanted were largely private; the care Library was first opened in one of the rooms of of parks, tree planting, public baths, are all largely this building, and two rooms were also subse- new developments. In fact, the only direction quently fitted up for t he use ()f t lie schools. To in which community act ion has ceased is in the domake way for the erecti f the present town main of religion, where the voluntary organization and ai the last annual meeting the same number special police ami night watch was appointed unwas elected. There have been times when only der the control of Mr. Augustus Allen. For a few

Public Library; six trustees of Walnut Hills begun his service with the department as patrol- Cemetery; three members of the water board; man Oct. I. 1879. In 1872, the old town hall was three park commissioners; a committee ol three moved to Prospect Street, and the following for planting trees; three auditors; two fence spring was converted into a police station, a court viewers; five constables; two held drivers: and a room for the trial justice, and rooms for an evening pound keeper. Thus, for more I han two cent lines school. The present Police Stat ion. on t he corner this community has been managing its affairs in a of Washington and Prospect streets, is a substanpublic way to a much greater extent than in lialst > building erected in 1899, and was ready process of construction on Washington Street, where a lot of la ml had Kern bought for a nominal The first action taken by Brookline in regard to price from Mr. Thayer on condition thai n should fire protection was in 1 788, when Col. Aspinwall always lie used for this purpose, and into this new and Lieut. Crofts were chosen firewards. At that house the reorganized engine companv with its tunc and for long afterwards, Brookline had no renovated machine, moved in September 1844, i i nIc 'pcnilci 1 1 fire extinguishing apparatus, but de Feb. .">, Is in, S5U0 was a ppropriated for repairs to pended on the neighboring town of Roxburv. At the engine and the purchase of new apparatus, the town meeting of March 9, 1 7!i.~>. it was " voted In the spring of I S55 il was voted to spend 83,000 tu pay niie hall the expenses ol the repair ol the for the fire department, 8700 for hose and a pparafire engine in future." Tins was the Roxburv tus, $1,300 for a building and land for the hook engine. May IS, 17'.t7. the town voted in bear and ladder and hydrant-hose carriages, anil 81,000 one-half the expense of a "new wagon for convey- for a reservoir. An engine house was built on ing the fire engine. " April 0, I 820, a committee Washington Street in 1X71, on the site of the was "chosen to see what amount the town of Rox- former building, which had been erected in I'll. bun have allowed for the purchase of hose and In 1\71 it was voted to omit the election of firebuckets for the new engine Norfolk, and that this wards and to empower the selectmen to appoint town meet them in any expense for the same nol a board of engineers of the lire department in exceeding fifty dollars. " April I, 1S31, the town their place. Alfred Kenrick Jr., was appointed engine was purchased from W. it ( '. Hunnemann Mr. Willard Estabrook, the present lire Comat a cost of $000, and was named the " Brookline." missioner, was appointed In succeed Mr Ii. W. Although Brookline had paid the greater pari of Neal. who retired in 1005, after having served the the cost of the old engine, the town offered to give town faithfully for main years. it to Roxburv on condition that h be repaired, a company organized to man it, and that it lie located at the Punch Bow] village, which was partly in both towns. Roxbun accepted these On account of its proximity to Boston, Brookterms, I n it tailed in carry I hem out. Eventually line ha- not been a y 1 field fur I neal newspapers ceeds divided, Roxburv receiving $50 and Brook- (.). Well man ami W. G.Willson, and the latter carline 8147.40. A fire on Sept. 1-'. 1843, totally de ried il mi in 1857 and 1858. The Brookline Tran- roved the engine house and almost destroyed the script, a weekly, was published from Oct. IT engine ami n- apparatus. The cost of repairs in 1870, to Ma\ 1873, by Bradford Kingman. the engine, new apparatus ami incidental expen- The Brookline Chronicle, was started by W. II. ses, paid the following spring, amounted to $833.- Hutchinson, April 0, 1874, ami has since been 70. A new engine house had meanwhile been in issued weekly. The successive owners nl the

Chronicle since Mr. Hutchinson's time, have Other important clubs are the Chestnut Hill been Wing & Arthur, C. M. Vincent, Arthur & Golf Club, the Warren Farm Coif Club, the Long- Spencer, and finally, in 1881, the present owner, w 1 Club on Monmouth Street, incorporated ly, edited by Louis Cassier, was published. The Harvard Street near Coolidge Corner, latest arrival in the field of Brookline journalism Brookline thus has all the advantages of the about 1820 was housed in the tailor shop of Mr. Early Settlers. Pippen. Oliver Whyte, for forty years the town Brookline has always been so intimately conclerk of Brookline, was the first postmaster. He neeted with Boston that its social, family and was appointed in 1829, and was succeeded by intellectual life has in reality been a part of the Stephen S. C. Jones in 1S45. dark S. Bixby was |,IM,,rv 0f that city. The annals of the town, as appointed in 1852; Alexander II. Clapp, June 30, chronicled by Miss Harriet F. Woods, in " Histori- 1855; John McCormack, Dec. 12, 1858; Cyrus W. eal Sketches of Brookline," contain many interest- however, provided with the usual number of se- ami somewhat isolated community, with no parcret societies, including lodges of the leading or- ticularly distinctive characteristics to distinguish del- common throughout the country, patriotic it from other similar contemporary places societies, business, social, and charitable organiza- Of the sixteen family names represented in the of the town, in the neighborh I of tine pn\ate Seaver. The descendants of some oi these famiestates lies ami of others who resided in the town at its

City Hall. Tin- club ha- a race track and a line those first families endure in a few instances. polo -round known as Civile Park on Clyde Between 1635 and 1648, the land at Muddy

Brookline, Massachusetts

Coll .i.ine. \l r \\ illiam, ' ' In- proport ion ol irround fur a farm near unto anil about In- house which he has there built ," Dee. I 1. 1655. 150 acres, and Ml acres marsh, at time ol great allotment, fresh meadow, .Inn. 27, 1039,

Cut ton, "Our Teacher, "Mr. John, "a sufficient allotment for si farm." Dee. II. 1035; and on \"o\ I. |(i:i(i. "all the land between the two brooks, next to William Colborne's allotment there, and so to the other end unto the shortest over cut bevoiid the lull towards I he northwest, containing 250 acres; "this latter allotment of 250 acres, was confirmed at the tune of the great allotment'' January S, |fi">7. 45 Courser, William, In acres, 3 ( 'ramme, John, I 0 acres .'.7 < in nwell, John, Hi acres

Oliver, Thomas, proportion oi allotment, Dec. I I. 1635; Kio aire-, and 15 acres marsh, at tunc of "great allotment;'' fresh meadow, Jan. 27, 1639.

The above list is taken from Mr. Bolton's Book, "Brookline: A Favored Town," and was copied by him from the manuscript record of the Suffolk Count_v Court, 1 ii7 1 -SO, now in the Boston At henaeum

Rev. John Cotton did nol build a house at Muddy River, but one of his heirs. Deacon Thomas Cotton, erected a dwelling upon Washington Street, between Kent Street and Amden Place, il subsequently becoming the property of the Davis family and afterward of the Atndens, and continued in existence until it was lorn down in ISO", by Michael Driscoll, and replaced by the present brick Muck. At the time of the incorp iration of the town, and for a considerable period afterward, the Sewall family seems to have been the leading one. The name of Samuel Sewall.

Among the families most conspicuous in the history of the town have been: The Aspinwalls, the Boylstons, the Devotions, the Davenports, the Da vises, the Coreys, the (larks, the Goddards, the Gardners, the Harrises, the Hyslops, the Winchesters, t he Ackers, t he 1 1 rn re,, i hi- Heaths, the Kenricks, the Perkinses, the Robinsons, the Sewall-. the Thayers, the Withingtons, the ' . 1 1 'j . the Whitneys, the Buckminsters, the Lowells, the Lees and i he Lvmans.

lii'.- 1 town clerk. The Sewalls inherited I he estate of Robert Hull, one of the original grantees, who v, a- i he fat her of John Hull. I he fa mous mint niasterof thecolony and treasurer of Boston. The hitter's daughter married Judge Sewall. and inherited her father's Brookline estate, which is said to have comprised about three hundred acres east of Harvard, and Beacon Streets, extending to the Charles River, in i he section now known as

Brooks, General Summer, and other distinguished quests were present, was held in the old Boylston House, which had been purchased from the heirs of Dr. Zadiel Boylston, by Mr. Hyslop's father. 1 )r. Zadiel Boylston, a younger son of 1 >r. Thomas Boylston, acquired fame as the first to introduce the practice of inoculation for smallpox into America, He was born in 16S0. Asa resull of a letter he received from Dr. Cotton Mather,he investigated the subjeel and began the practice of in the town record under date of June i:;. 1737, it I- provided: "That Dr. Zabdial Boylston have the deserted pew that was his Brother Peter Boylston's, to him ami his heirs forever, he paying into the town treasury twenty-two pounds." Dr. Boylston was buried in the old cemeterv on Walnut Street. Miss Woods says thai in his will he "bequeathed hi- house and farm to t he town, as a inoculation in 1721. In that and the following years he treated 247 persons in Boston and the neighboring town-. Notwithstanding the fact that the practice seems to have prevented the spread of the disease, Dr. Boylston was very unpopular for a time and in danger of personal violence. About 1737 he purchased the family estate from his brother Peter, and spenl the remainder <>f his life in Brookline, dying in 1766.

but this not being complied with, the town missed the donation." In 17tis the house and estate, as well as his pew in t he church, as appears by the town records, became the property of William Hyslop, from whom it descended to his -"ii David Hyslop. but ultimately became the property of the Lee family. The house is on the north side of Boylston Street, opposite the west end of t he resen oir.

Tlic Goddards have always been an important family in the town. The first of the name mentioned in the town records was Joseph Goddard, who in L715 was elected leather sealer and a member of the committee i" examine the accounts of the meeting house expenditures. He is said to have purchased the farm of William Morean. son of Dorman Morean one of the first settlers of the town. Joseph Goddard built the house "ii Goddard Street, which for a number of generations sheltered his descendants, and reman in I in the iaiuil\ of its first owner for a longer period than any other dwelling in the town. John Goddard, the son of Joseph, carried on his ancestral farm, and during the Revolution acted as a eommissan to Washington's army when it was besieging Boston. He had charge of the wagons which transported supplies, guns and ammunition to the fortifications mi Dorchester Heights, Sniiili Boston, and performed ven - f t « - < - five service. His son. also named John, was a soldier in the Revolutionary army, and afterward became a well-known physician and a man of mark; he settled in Portsmouth, \. H., and was elected governor of the State of New Hampshire and Cnited States senator, both of which offices lie declined to accept i tin1 of his grandsons, the Re1 Warren Goddard, was pastor of the High Street (Swedenborgian) church from 1S73 to 1S7S, Samuel Aspinwall Goddard, a grandson of the first John Goddard, settled in Birmingham, England, before the Civil War, and did effective service by voice and pen in aid of the Cnion cause in that country. He has likewise written his reminiscences of Brookline, which are valuable contributii >ns b i local hist on .

The Gardners have always bei n an influential and numerous family in Brookline. The tirst of the name to settle in the town was Thomas Gardner, who was appointed constable for Muddy River in 1f>-">7. He had two sons. Thomas and Joshua, and tour daughters, one of whom. Mary married Thomas Boylston. The second Thomas < lardner was one of the signers of the petition for the incorporation of the town: he was known as Lieutenant Gardner, probably on account of participating in the Indian wars. There was another family of Gardners in the town, as Caleb Gardner was likewise a signer of the petition, and it is surmised that the families were related. Their farms were in the middle portion of the town, in the vicinity of Walnut and Heath streets, and the present Cypress Street, originally knownas Bright on Street. Isaac Gardner, a grandson of Lieut. Thomas Gardner, was killed in an attack on British troops the dayof the Battle of Lexington. April l'.». 1775, and as he was a justice of the peace and a graduate of Harvard, the fact that such a man should be engaged in rebellion made a profound impression in England when the fact was known, as it so clearly indicated the temper and attitude of the colonists, [saac < Gardner was commander of the Brookline militia, who had assembled at the church and marched from there to Cambridge, and the skirmish in which he was killed occurred about a mile beyond the college on 'he Lexington road.

Next west of the Sewall or Hull farm was the farm of the Devotion family, in more recent times known as the Babcock farm. Although no one of the name of Devotion appears to have had an original grant, yet t he family must have settled \ ery early at Muddy l!i\ er.

Edward Devotion's name appears in the re cords in connection with the locality as early as 1651, and in 1653 he was appointed to o\ ersee the fences at Muddy River. John and Edward Devotion, who were brothers and the grandsons ol this first settler, were signers of the petition for the incorporation of the town. Ebenezer Devotion, a grandson of John, became a clergyman, emigrated to Connecticut, and was the ancestor of "Grace Greenwood," Mrs. Lippineott, at one time well known as an author. Edward Devotion, a son of John was for a long period the tithingman, elected to this office by the town meeting. 'The principal duty of this officer was to keep good order during divine service among the children, who sat in rows by themselves instead of with their parent-. A long rod was usually carried by the tithingman. with which to touch any delinquent who might become drowsj or mischievious. Whether this .ancient Brookline tithingman was part icularly feared by the youngsters does not tippear, but he was e\ idently not unfriendly to children, as he adopted a boy and girl whom he brought up, as he had no children of his own." Edward Devotion died about 1762, and by his will, after bequests to Ins wife and others, left the remainder of his estate to the town "towards building or maintaining a school as near the centre of said town as shall be agreed upon." This legacy intent of Edward Devotion's will. He also be- owners, and Henry and Joseph Davis were resiqueathed to "the Church of Christ in Brookline, dents of Muddy River in 1679; a century later a one silver tankard containing one quart," and it branch of the Davis family had a house on Newis recorded that the town received from his exe- ton Street.

cutors, May L'4. 1762, the sum of fifteen pounds In the neighborh 1 of the lower pari of Wala in I four pence for this purpose. nut Street, extending as far as Sewall Street, on his arm. and i his picture, under which was written Edward White, was the firsl postmaster of Brookthe legend "An American Farmer," was carried to line, and held ihe office of town clerk for over douse i ii the west side oi Washington Street.be name, were signers of the petition for i lie ineorpoi ween the present Beacon Si reel and the Brighton nil ion of the town. Mr. Francis Fisher purchased

I he dwelling subsequently came into the possession Among t he families of Brook line, i he Winehesof Captain Timothy Corey, and was afterwards ters have always held high rank. Alexander the property of James Bartlett who sold the house Winchester was one of the first landowners, and ami farm, including the land running to i lie lop of lie received an apportionment of twenty a ere- in Corey Hill, to the late Eben I). Jordan, the Boston the "greai alloit ment :" probably he settled at dry goods merchant, who here erected his beautiful Muddy River, for it is stated that twenty-two \ ilia, "Stonehurst ," on Beacon Street. years later, in L659, he was appointed constable. One oi the early families was the Ackers, who Miss Woods savs the familv was of Welsh origin, remained m possession of I heir farm for more than and that the earliest of the name here wwv John two hundred years. The first of the name to and Josiah Winchester. These were probably the settle in Muddy liner was John Ackers, who be sons of the first landowner. Alexander. I oui came the owner oi the land on the west side of members of this famih signed the petition for i he Chestnut Hill Avenue, near Boylston Street, and formation of the town, namely, John, Josiah. John, t hrough which at present Ackers Avenue extends. Jr. , and Henry, ("apt. John Winchester was the Here he I mill his house, which was I he home of In- first represent at ive from Brookline in the Ceneral descendants for six generations. It is supposed Court. "All the land from Harvard Street to the that he purchased his land from Jacob Eliot, a top of Corey's Hill and west as far as the Brighton brother of Rev. John Eliot, the Indian Apostle, line on that side of the street, belonged to the and minister oi the First Church in Roxbury. Winchesters." They were also principal owner- Jacob Eliot had received an allotment in Murld\ of Corey Hill, which at that time was well wooded River in 1 <i.".7. and in 164S he was granted "the The most celebrated member of the Winchester swamp thai joineth his allotment . . . next to family was Elhanan, who was of the second genera- Cotton Flax's house, b} the common field, reserv- tion from ('apt. John. Hi- father also named oil; liberty to cut hedging wood in it for the com- Elhanan was one of I he seceders from the First uion fence that runneth through -aid swamp." Church in 1711, during the ministry of the Rev. The ( 'on i minis, or Common Field, was an area of John Allen; these "come-out ers" w ho called t hemfive hundred acres, which was set apart by the selves "New Lights," established a religous meettown ot Boston for common use. and it included ing, held services in private house- and had a the marshy meadow out of which i he Brookline preacher, Mr. Jonathan Hvde, for about thirty Reservoir was made, anil other adjacent land. In years, and t he first CI ha nan Winchester became a process oi time it was alienated and taken up. as m lay preacher or exhort er among them. this instance by the grant to Deacon Jacob Eliot. Elhanan \\ inchester, the second, was born In The remainder of I he Idiot land was sold to John 1751, and at first became a remarkable and effee- Ackers by Deacon Eliot's heirs in 169X. It is sur- five preacher of I he Baptist denomination, lie inised thai an Indian village once existed on this preached in succession at Canterbury, Conn., Reland, as many Indian relics have been here turned hoboth, Mass.. Welch Xeck, S. ('.. Boston and up by the plow. (Inly a few mill's beyond here Philadelphia. He then became a convert to was the village of praying Indians at Xoiiantuni l'ni\ ersalism, and going to England in 17S7, within the present city of Newton, where the preached that faith with wonderful success in \postle Eliot went regularly to preach ; and proba- London. He remained in England seven years, bl v on his way to and fro, in follow ing I he Indian returned to Boston in 1794, and came immediately i rail, now Reservoir Lane, he occasionally stoppi d to Brookline, where he was received very cordially.

following autumn he preached the new doctrine in many houses in Brookline, Newton ami Cambridge, a- well as 111 many churches of various denominations, ami made mam' converts, his aged father being among them. For the next three years, until his death on April IS, L797, he practically art cd as a missionary of the 1 ni\ ersalist doctrine, preaching in Western Massachusetts ami Connecticut, at Providence, R. I.. Philadelphia, Hartford, New York, and elsewhere. Mr. Winfur his family of lift ecu children, and also contained a hall I'm- the religious meetings of the New Lights. It afterwards became the property of Ebenezei White, and was sold by Joseph White to Ebenezer Richards who conducted it as a tavern, and when the Worcester turnpike, now Boylston street, was opened in 1S00, an arch was thrown across the new highway from the rear of the old tavern, which then became the toll house. It was subsequently known as the Sheafe place. In its best

Chester was married five times, but left no children, as they all died ill infancy. His father. I lie first Elhanan, survived him, and died in the town of Harvard, Sept. 1S10, aged 91 years, having been iii succession a Congregationalist, a Xew Light, a Baptist and a Universalist in following his son, and after his sun's death, a Shaker. The house of hear. .ii Winchester, as the firs) Elhanan came tu be known by his religious associates, was built by him with their assistance large enough days as a tavern it was frequently resorted to bv parties from Boston, and was a favorite stopping place for travellers and teamsters on the turnpike. It was discontinued as a tavern about IS30.

John Seaver was one of the petit inner- for the incorporation of Brookline. His farm included the top of Fisher's Hill, and a house built by his line family. In his house, before the new house of Rev. William Harris, D. D.. president of Coof Elhanan Winchester was erected, many of lumbia College. 1S11-1S29. the meetings of the Xew Lights were held. The Buckminsters were one of the original

A family which from the first settlement has families of Brookline. and their farm comprised at had numerous branches in the town, is the Grigg- least a part of the present estate of Prof. Charles ses In the "great allotment" of 1637, George S. Sargent, on Cottage St reel The first settler in received the fifteenth apportionment, con- Brookline was Tin. ma-, who died in lii.'ifi The sisting of twenty-eight aire-, which was on the first mention in the records i- of a Joseph Buckeast side of Washington Street, in the neighborhood minster, probably the son of this first settler of Pearl, and extended along Muddy River where The second Joseph Buckminster married Martha

Long House." which still stands on Washington thus describes her ancestor's farm: St reet : it afterward- became the property of Dr. "If we may infer anything from t he -elect inn of

Griggs, married Captain Wvinan. and finally in- out and winding in the meadows in front. Jaherited this property, which was long known as maica Lake, a quarter of a mile distant, embossed

Tavern, being in t he vicinity of t hat old inn ham Chamberlain, two of t he signers of tic pe and having secured t lie old sign when the original t it ion for t he organization of the town, were in the tavern was pulled down, "but it had little except southwestern part of the town, in the neighborlocal patronage, and that of the lowest sort, and hood of Newton Street. Thomas Woodward was wa- finally given up." A branch of the ( Dilili- probably a descendant of Nathaniel Woodward family bought the estate of ('apt. John Winches- who received the eighteenth allotment in 1637 ter on Harvard Street. George and Thomas Abraham Chamberlain sold his farm to Caleb e been family name- among the (.riLii'-e- Crafts, who was the ancestor of a family long confront the beginning clown to t he present, and they spicuous in t he town. In tin' -a me vicinity was have always been conspicuous in town affair- the farm of the Druce family, and the Heaths George Griggs wa- one of the chief advocates of gave their name to Heath Street, along which their the original extension of Beacon Street in 1849 and property law

Winchester, at the west end of the town, on the generous landlord; but he was lacking in reverold road, now Heath Street, near its intersection cure for the religious prejudices of his wealthier with Hammond Street, became eventually a neighbors, and lost aoopportunity.it would seem, tavern. It was originally a large house, and to play pranks and carry out enterprises which passed from the possession of Deacon Y\ inchester offended their sense of the fitness of things. For to Ebenezer White, and then to Joseph White, thirty years he was the sexton of the I nitarian and some time before 1800 Ebenezer Richards be- Church, was town constable fur a numlier of years. came the owner. When the Worcester turnpike, and was captain of the Brookline militia company now Boylston Street, was opened in 1S06, it ran in for about ten years, from which latter eircuinthe rear of the Richards tavern, an arch was here stance he was always known during the latter thrown across the street, a toll gate established years of his life as Captain Bradley, and the tavern became the toll house. It con- The old Wyman House on the lower part of tinued to be used as a tavern until about 1S30. Washington Street, in the village, was conducted Like the Punch Howl, it was a popular place for under the name of the Punch Bow] Tavern for visiting parties from Boston and neighboring more than ten years after the original structure towns, when in its best estate. The house after was pulled down in 1833. In 1n44 this second it ceased to be a tavern became the property of Punch Bowl Tavern was conducted by J. Sprague, Henry Pettes, and subsequently of .Mark W. as appears by the town records of that year. Shea fe. a ud was long known locally as the Sheafe On the western border of the (own. on what is place. now Xewton Street, one of the first settlers was At the junction of Harvard and Washington Krosamon Drew, who was living here at least as Streets, but front i in; the hitter st reet chiefly, t here early as 1694, in which year he was appointed conexisted after the Revolution a large gambrel stable for .Muddy River. In the old records his roofed house which was known as the I >ana Ta\ - name is spelled in more than half a dozen different em for many years. It was conducted by Jona- ways. He was evidently an enterprising citizen, than Dana, and was the favorite stopping-place as after the incorporation of the town he was seof farmers who had come into Boston from the lectman, assessor, member of the grand jury, and surrounding country to dispose of their produce. one of the committee to build the first Church. In the open space in front of it, now known as Har- He is said to have built his house in 1693, and it vard Square, was the town hay scales. Early in the continued in the possession of his descendants for last century this house was discontinued as a tavern generations, but was finally torn down in 1873 and let for tenements, and in 1S16 was totally de- During the early and middle years of the last censtroycJ by fire during a night in January of that tury.this old house was known as the "Huckleyear. On that occasion, Benjamin Bradley, berry Tavern," because, as Miss Woods savs, "the afterwards an extensive landowner on Bradley tenant then occupying it was skilful in making a Hill. Boylston Street, and a man who seems to kind of wme from the abundant huckleberries of have delighted to shock the sensibilities of his con- the surrounding pasture-, and on election days ventional neighbors, in afterlife, "saved the life of the scattered resident- of the adjacent part- oi a woman and child by mounting a long ladder and Brookline and Xewton often resorted thither for taking them from an upper window." Miss the mild stimulants of society and huckleberry Woods makes the observation in reference to this wine." Erosamon Drew operated a saw mill on heroism of Mr. Bradley: "Let us hope this good his land. It was probably the first saw mill in the deed was set down to his account." Mr. Bradley town, and was well situated in that it obtained doe- not. however, appear to have been a bad power from Saw Mill Brook, the natural outlet of man. but only an eccent rie -me. Hi- was a master Hammond's pom I, and which likewise drained t he carpenter. ami erected houses for the poorer people I'utterliam meadow- by a branch stream. In for t he I '.in I -h Government, who was also one of the five commissioners to receive the revenues from the stamp act. Mr Hultoii used tin- house .'i- a summer residence, but when during the exciting times immediately preceding the Revolution,the hoys of Brookline, manifesting the attitude of r he communi) \ . broke the windows of this house, he wisely remained in Boston. After the departure of Mr. Hultoii for Kngland,this house was forfeited to the State bases her thei irv on the fad that the town in thai year gave him permission to change "the direction of the rii: id leading from the meeting house to his d well i ni; house, 111 such a manner as that t he said road when it passes by said dwelling house may be more distant from it than it is at present, provided that said alteration shall in no place exceed twenty feet, and shall in its whole extent nol exceed t went y rods." Mr. Cabot was succeeded in the ownership of the house by Mr. Stephen Higginson, Jr. From some time late in the eighteenth century until his death in 1.S2S, the Hon. Stephen Higginson, a prominent merchant of Boston, resided in

Street, original!} built in 1730 or 1732, and now the residence of Miss Julia Goddard. Mr. Cabot was one of the best known pi 1 Mir men oi his time. He was a United States Senator from Massachusetts from 1791 tu 1796, and became the first secretan of the navy when that office was created during the presidency of John Warns in 179S. He was a personal friend of Washington and Hamilton. Henry Cabot Lodge, one of tii<j present United State- Senators from Massachusetts, is a preal grandson of Mr. Cabot. Miss Goddard is ol the opinion that the present front part of the mansion was built bv Senator Cabot in 1794. and

Brookline. In INOo be presented the town with a bell to be useil in the steeple of the second meeting house of the First Church, then just completed The bell had been cast in London, and weighed a thousand pounds. Thomas Wentworth Higginson,the author, was a grandson. and spent some \ ea r- in Brookline as a t tit i>r in t lie home > >i his cousin St i '| nil II Ferkins. I lenry Lee Higginson. the I '» i-i i hi Banker, is a great trrandson of Stephen.

Col. Thomas II. Perkins, a successful Boston merchant .and his brother Samuel < 1. Perkins, purchased estates in Brookline in the early years of the last century, and were among the first to lay nut their grounds and ti give great attention to Imri icult lire.

Col. Perkins gave his house and grounds in Soul h Boston to i he Inst it u! ion for t lie Blind, which was thereafter named in his honor. He beautified the grounds. Mr. Lyman was mayor ill' Boston in LS34-5, and in the latter year he personally rescued William Lloyd (larrison from the mob at great personal risk. He died in 1849. His sun. also named Theodore, occupied the family estate, and his grandson of the -a me name, was a iii in 'i I naturalist, and of the three park commissioners of Brookline to lay out the Riverdale Parkway. The Lyman family still occupy this beaut if ul esl ate.

of Brookline, and occupies a fine residence and estate on Boy 1st on Street, opposite the west end of state), and his brother Samuel's was at the corner the Brookline Reservoir, Hi- father, Gen. .lames

Of the literature connected with Brookline, or written by natives or residents of the town, it cannot be said I hat there are any verv i mi able u orks; estate on Heath Si reel . beyond Warren, which bul there are many interesting points and mcr had been occupied by Hon. Jonathan Mason ear- dents in this connection worthy of being chronilier in the century. He pulled down the old cled. Governor John Winthrop mentions Muddyhouse and erected a i lern mansion, and greatly River in his diary. Joshua Scottow or Scottoe, as the early records spell the name, one of the early grantees of Muddy River, was the author of ''Old Men's Tear- for Their Own Declensions," published in 1691, and "A narrative of the Planting of the Massachusetts Colony," published in 1694. Judge Se wall's Diary contains a number of references to Muddy River and written here. Sermons b\ the Rev. .lame- Allen and the Rev. Nathaniel Potter, ministers of the bir-i Church, have been published. Dr. Pierce published some sermons, and was the author ol u number of historical and antiquarian discourses, ported by the generosity of friends. The Hon Josiah Quincy, Stephen Higginson, William Shaw. and others, raised a fund to purchase an annuity fur her. which enabled her to pass her lasl years in comfort. While undoubtedly a person of much abilit \ Miss \< la m- was e\t remel V absenl -minded, and many amusing stories are told of her forget - fulness and lack of practical knowledge A portrait of her, painted by Chester Harding, hangs in the I '» isl i in At hemellin.

William Ware, the author of several historical novels, wrote one of them, "Zenobia. or the Fall of Palmyra," in Brookline. This h mk was published

The first avowedly literary personage thai the town produced was Miss Hannah Warns, who, though a native of Medfield, Mass . passed many rears of her life in Brookline, and died here Nov. 15. 1832. She wrote: "View of Religion," "His- marriage came to reside in Brookline, in the bee

1 1, m Koberl ('. \\ Iiit hrop was :i resident "I Brook line, and delivered i lie oral ion a I I lie dedication ol [he present town hall. Feb. 22, 1S73. Mr. Win throp was a descendanl of Coventor John Win throp, and was distinguished as an orator and w riter. 1 [is oral ii us a I Plymouth. I (linker Hill. Washington and Yorktown, were especially memorable, and he was for years speaker i I the national House of Representatives, serving as a con- i < - 1 1 1; 1 1 1 firm Massachusetts, Cenrge Makepeace Towle, am I her well-known author, was Ii r nianv vears a resident i f Brookline. lie served as

Carleton Coffin, the well-known Washington cor respondent, and author of a number of patriotic Looks for boys, had jusi established a residence in

Historical Review Of The Boston Elevated Railway System For Brookline

1-5 rmikli lie is known far ami wide as the most attractive residential suburb ol Boston \niong the many fart < irs t hat have helped to make Brookline so desirable a place ol residence is the excellence and convenience ol the street car service I hat connect - I his town \\ ii It I lost on.

It is impossible to estimate to what extent the prosperity and prestige of Brookline is due to the co-operation of the officials of the street railway company, but it is certain that there has not been ;i more important eonl ribul or. The first line in Xew Kngland to be equipped with elect ricit v was in Brookline This fact is typical of many others thai demonstrate the pnlicv of the Boston Klevated Railwav Company to give to Brookline the best service and most satisfactory pquipmenl thai can be pro\ ided.

During the last few years tracks ha ve been extended lo the N'ewton line, manv : i 1 < 1 1 1 nnial live transfer privilege have been "ranted, and the frequency ol the trips has been increased in proportion lo tin- growth ol' population ami traffic. Over each ol the four thoroughfares used by the street car lines cars are run as frequent 1\ as even I wo mi iiulc- These cars are of the highest type, are admirable constructed and finished, are always

Boston is said lo have the finest street railway -ii \ ice m i he world. No other company operates under one management , and as a part of one system, surface, underground, and overhead lines, whh free transfer privileges between the various kinds of service. Tin- vast system has made Brookline accessible from every point in nearly i he entire Metropolitan district at a cost of bin five cents, and at i he smallest expenditure in time I hat science and local com lit ions coin bine to make po-Mblr. The mam lines lo and through Brookline are located in the 1 1 H i-i attractive portions of Boston and this lown, and the newer lines are bringing into the market and making accessible tracts of land thai have been for years of little value or use. These hue- acquaint the public with the beauties of Brookline, and thereby bring into the town many desirable persi ms who wish to secure homes thai coin bine the convenience of the

Nn history of Brookline would lie complete without at least a brief reference to the Boston and Worcester Si reel Railway. On accounl of the number of people, who, coining from the various parts of Boston and the suburbs, take the cars In!' Worcester at Village Square, ii may well be

It is a singular fact, winch seems to have escaped the attention of historians, that all the great advances in transportation method? in N'ew Kngland have been made in that section of the country which lies between Boston and Worcester. While not the first , the most important attempt at the shortening of the mileage eleven miles, the cutting of the running time two hours, and the saving ol ten cents in fare, give I his route an immense advantage over any other trolley line I id wren these nl ies.

\ll i Ins has not been done w it limn effort . Ii requied men of genius, ability anil foresight, as well .'is courage, to undertake i he task of maintain ing a line which should not only handle the local business along the route, but which should transport passengers from Boston to Worcester without change oi cars, affording them not only the comforts but the luxuries of street railway travel. Happily such men stood behind the enterprise, ami I lie Boston and Worcester Street Railvvav is a nmmiinc'iii to I heir sasraoil v.

stage coach transportation was between these points; the stage coach gave way I" the steam railroad, and i he first thoroughly developed steam road was the old Boston and Worcester. The year I '.hi:; saw another step in advance. The high <peed electric line entered as a factor in i ranspor-

R i va ling the heavy and noisy steam locomotive in speed, I he cars of I he Boston and \\ invest or run between these cities every few minutes, along a line w I in- 1 1 has si raight si retcho of i rack for miles, largely over private right of way, over grades which are no obstruct ion to the tremendous p >vvor tat ion, and the latest and greatest development of generated in the p >wer houses of the company, trolley transportation is in the line of the Boston \\ ith a double I rack extending nearly all the way and Worcester Street Railway, which connects from Boston to Worcester delays are not to be Boston with the heart of the Commonwealth. feared. The equipment of the Boston and Wor the Boston and Worcester Street Railway re- coster is of the best and most modern const ruepresents not only the latest development of trol- tion, and ovorv requirement of safety has boon ley travel, but the route lies through a region mot. Such is the electric railroad which has come which attracts thousands of people who use the today to succeed the stage coach and the loconn - electric cars for pleasure as well as business; and the.

E. Massachusetts Chronology Of Events

1816 Isaac Adams appointed master ol public scl Is. Ilr became famous for the brutality and ingeniousness of his devices for i he punishment of i f'fending -'In la rs and i he inconsistency of his devotion to church sen ice.

IS16 [-"irst line of coaches to Boston established 1 1\ a Mr. Spurr. Tw o 1 1 1 1 > - w ere nia<le daily leaving from "Punch Bowl Tavern." Fare, 2o cents each way. Discontinued in a vea i' from lark oi pat ronage unless sooner discharged. 1S16 Dana's Tavern destroyed by fire in Januwas built by Roxbury builder, and «a.' considered :i poor job. bower floor used

Brooklixe, Massachusetts

1857 Jamaica 1'ond Aqueduct Company was incorporated to supply water to residents of Roxbury, Brookline and West Koxbury, from Jamaica Pond.

1S70 Oct. 15, first copy of i lie Brookline Transcript appeared. Bradford Kingman, editor and proprietor. This was I lie first regular newspaper issued in Brookline.

hall. July I. |..70 Miss Harriet F. Woods, for twenty-three vears teacher in the public schools, and the author of "Historical Sketches of Brookline," died in Newton, Mass., Oct 8 I; ; o Second attempt at annexation with Boston

\ , ited dow n. "'11 to 271. LSs-2 The Country Club, mi Clyde street, was incorporated. ,... 2 Si Mary's Church of the Assumption was I, u,li. ai the corner of Harvard street and Linden place. IS: ", lien < linery Twichell died July 2:;. ISSfi Plan to widen and lay out Beacon street ;is ., boulevard first agitated by Henry M Whit ney. 1SS6 Corev Hill Toboggan Club formed. I-,-, wing to Public Library was added. ISJ)1 (ien. Edward \ Wild, who served with distinction throughout the Civil War and 1.lU>]. U1 ,iie Crimean War. died at Medellin. Colombia. \ug 2S |..ij Regular services commenced by the I m aists in ehapel. corner of Washington and Cvpress -I reel - IS9-J Cardner Hall reading room in Public Librar\ ..pencil. 1896 The public bathhouse on Tappan streel finished at a cost of $40,000.

Program Of Literary Exercises

The 200th anniversary celebration opened on Friday at 3 o'clock in the afternoon when Hon. Henry Cabol Lodge delivered the oration in Town Hall before a large audience. On the platform were seated many representative men oi the town and several of the « Ider residents.

A more artistic or appropriate setting for.such a proud event in the history of Brookline could not have been prepared than that which the large hall presented, with its elaborate decorative scheme of national (lags. The walls on either side were hidden with la rge silk Hags, ami across i he top ran streamers of bunting in every direction. Following 1 1 is im i-i duel ii n i the senator began his oration, in which he had dev< ted much care and attention.

Senator Lodge's address traced the history of the town meeting from the days of Greece and Home through the earliest Saxon civilization to its present development in Brookline. He pointed out its good features and also its limitations, asserted representative government should not be coerced by crowds of people representing one portion of the community, and declared that in the i 1 1 1 1 i \ idual liberty as manifested in the I'nited States, and the present form of I . S. government, i he results of endless experiments, were the epitome "I many centuries of patient labor for improvement, lie said they lay midway between anarchism on one extreme and socialism on the ul her. The recent trend inward socialism, under the name of government and municipal ownership, was opposed at lengt h.

A few abstracts are here given, which have a particular bearing upon Brookline. The history of the towns and counties of Massachusetts and Virginia and of all the colonies which fringed the Atlantic seaboard seems trifling enough unless we lilt our eyes and look out from ii at the United States today. Then i his story of the days ni small things takes on an importance which may well give us pause and which bids us search for the deeper n leanings it contains. \ nil may find those meanings here as in our other towns, for there is a great similarity in the hist ry, the character and the ruling principles of (hem all. The same spirit inspired them in the ea ii \ days. Here, as elsewhere, the space of ground upon which the town stands, becomes visible to history and detaches itself from the rest of the earl 1 1 by the appearance of the Indians.

"Ten sagamores and many Indians" are mentioned in connect ion with this spot in Hi:;:;. Their dark figures show out for a moment against the background of hills and forests anil then vanish, precursors of the fate of their race throughout a continent. Then we hear of a little hamlet by the ion. where, iii Hi.Xfi, the si rung love of local selfgovernment made u-ell felt and a degree of independence was obtained. Then the village ret virus in Boston, and at last in 170o the spirit of independence prevails and the town is established, giving us the anniversary which we commemorate today. Ii was the S3d community in Massaehu- -ei i - winch i hus at i amei I in im lepem lence in

Brooklixe. Massachusetts Brookllye, Mass.U 'Husetts

\\ lien responsibility vanishes representative government is at an end, and all the safeguards i i dehate and discussion of deliberate action, of amendment or compromise, are gi ne forever. Legislative anarchy would ensue, and we might easily find ourselves in a prsition where the mob r-f :i single large citv would dominate legislate n, and

"Poverty is a terrible evil which all rightminded men should labor to alleviate and to reduce, but it '"in hardly lie lessened by a system which would destroy all wealth by removing every pi ssible desire for its creation or increase.

laws would be thrust upon us ruinous to the state it sell and to the best interests of the entire people nt the state. Ko constitutional change or statutorj arrangement should ever be permitted which would take from the representative the responsibility of final action by his own vote or allow him to shift that responsibility on to a reference to a popular vote where amendment or

[I. erty, were that possible, would be a heavy price to pa \ for the dest ruction of ho] >e, of striving, of the effort to lift one's self and one's folio) little higher, which alone makes life w "ill! having. If like the Kuropoan socialists you carry the old, old system which you would reimp ise upon mankind to its logical extreme tst seek the de-

The Fireworks

The display of fireworks on the Cypress street playground Friday evening ch sed the first da\ ol the celebration, and was witnessed by a large number of people despite the cool weather The evening was a delightful one in every respect. The exhibition which lasted less than thirty minutes was a creditable one in every respect and seemed to please all. The Brookline band was present and discoursed an interesting musical pri igra m.