Dallas County, Texas - The whole text, 1892 (part 5 of 32)

The first mark and brand recorded was that of William P. Carder, which was dated August 7, 1846, and recorded September 1, 1846, and reads as follows:

"I, J. A. Simmons, considering the uncertainty of this life, and being weak in body yet of sound inind and memory, do make and publish this my last will and testament, to wit: tliat is to say, I do give and bequeath to tuy son Joseph, choice of my horses, saddle and bridle, one head. Secondly, I do give and bequeath unto my beloved wife, Hannah S. Simmons, all the rest of my property, both real and personal, and all money that I have on hand or may have coining to me in any way, during her natural life, and at her death it is my will that after giving to the younger children equal to what I have f^iven the five oldest, that the rest be equally divided amongst all my children; and lastly I do hereby appoint Hannah S. Simmons my sole executor, to act without giving security in any way and be at liberty to move property where she pleases. "Witness my hand and seal.

" September 17, 184G, personally appeared before me, William M. Cochran, at ottice, Daniel Freeman, and made oath in due form of law that he seen J. A. Simmons sign the within will for the purposes therein named, ami that the said J. A. Simmons was of sound mind when he signed the same day and date above written. Witness tny hand and private eeal, having no seal of office.

The first deed recorded in the county was from John Neely Bryan and wife to Henry Horter, dated October 7, 1846, authenticated before William B. Ochiltree, district judge, JSoveniber 12, 1846, conveying lots 5 and 6

Among other things of interest in the first records can be found an oddity in the form of a bill of sale to a runaway slave, recorded June 19, 1847, which reads as follows: " State of Texas, ) " County of Dallas. )

"To all whom it may concern: Know ye that by virtue of the power in me vested by law, concerning the sale of runaway slaves in this State, I, John Hewitt, sheriflp of Dallas county. State aforesaid, have this day sold at public outcry, at the courthouse in the town of Dallas, county aforesaid, a negro man named Henry, a runaway slave, said slave having been in my custody, and due notice given of the fact according to law. Now, this is to say that for the sum of $350, cash in hand to nie paid, S. G. Newton and William J. Walker became the purchasers, and they have according to law all right to keep, sell or dispose of said Henry, a slave, in any way for their own or their heirs' interest and benefit.

Di8Tbi0T Judges Of Dallas

1846 TO 1847. After the creation of district courts in the State, the following district judges presided over the district courts of Dallas county, although residing elsewhere than in the county, as their district embraced a large territory from 1846 to 1856.

"William B. Ochiltree, father of the illustrious Colonel Thomas P. Ochiltree, held the first court in the county, and was followed by Amos Clark, Bennett H. Martin, and John H. Reagan. N. M. Burford was elected judge in 1856, of a new district created in 1852.

Then followed John J. Good, of Dallas, who was chosen and held the same until removed in 1867, by the authorities during the reconstruction days, claiming that he was " an impediment to reconstruction."

D. O. Norton, of Parker county, was appointed in his stead, and, he having been removed by death, A. Banning Norton of Dallas, was appointed to the office. He served until 1870, when Governor Davis appointed C. T. Garland. Garland was followed by Hardin Hart, who resigned in 1873. Hickerson Barsdale of Dallas followed Hart. N. M. Burford was elected in 1876, and served until about July, 1877, at which time, he having resigned. Governor Hubbard appointed Zimri Hunt his successor. Then George N. Aldridge, in 1878, was elected, and served until 1888.

Dallas county being one of the most populous counties In the State, and the city of Dallas, having grown to such proportions as to be very justly denominated the " metropolis of the State," the vocations of her citizens, have correspondingly become numerous; and as different men see different things in different light litigation also kept pace with the rapid growth and numerous industries of the city and country, and the necessity for more courts became obvious; and to that end a bill for the division of Dallas county into two judicial districts was introduced into the Twenty-first Legislature of the State, which convened at the city of Austin, January 8, 1889. The bill passed both branches of the legislature and became a law, and the result was the establishment of an additional district court known as the district court of the Forty-fourth Judicial District of Texas; and the south half of Dallas county, or that part south of the Texas & Pacific railroad, which is supposed to divide the county equally, passing through from east to west, is the dividing line of the two districts.

Hon. Charles Fred Tucker was appointed to the office of judge of this new court, by Governor Ross, and served out his term, and so popular was he as a district judge that he was elected, at the general election in November, 1890, to succeed himself without opposition. So the reader will see that Dallas county now has two district courts in almost continuous session, and a county court, which have both civil and criminal jurisdiction. The term of office of district judges is for four years.

Below is given the act of the legislature creating the forty-fourth judicial district of Texas, and thereby making two judicial districts of Dallas county, and giving her two district courts.

Judicial Districts Fourteenth And Fokty

Chap. 128 [S. 15. No. 8 J. An act to amend section 14 of an act to redistrict the State into judicial districts, and fix the terms for holding courts therein, and to provide for the election of judges and district attorneys in said districts at the next general election, to be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November, 1884, approved April 9, 1883; to create the Fortieth Judicial District of the State of Texas, fix the time for holding court therein, and provide for the appointment of a district judge for said district, approved March 27, 1885; to create the Forty-fourth Judicial District of the State of Texas, fix the times for holding court therein, and to provide for the appointment of a district judge for said district.

Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Texas, That section 14, of the above recited Act, approved March 27, 1885, be so amended as hereafter to read as follows:

Section 14 [1]. - All that part of Dallas county lying north of the following line, viz.; beginning at the point on the east boundary line of said county, where the same is intersected by the center of the track of the Texas & Pacific railroad; thence in a western direction, with the center of the track of said railroad to a point in the city of Dallas where the same is crossed by Jefferson street; thence in a southern direction along the center of said street, to a point directly opposite to the center of the courthouse situated in said city; thence in a western direction, directly through tlie center of said courthouse to the Trinity river; thence up said river to the point where the same is crossed by said railroad ; thence in a western direction with the center of the track of said railroad to the point where the same crosses the western boundary line of said county, shall constitute the Fourteenth Judicial District; and the district court shall be begun and held therein as follows; On the second Mondays in March, May, September and December, and may continue in session until the business is disposed of.

Sec. 2. - All that part of said county of Dallas Ivincr south of the line as defined in the foregoing section of this act, shall constitute the Forty-fourth Judicial District, and the district courts shall be begun and held therein as follows; On the first Mondays in January, April, June and October, and may continue in session until the business is disposed of.

Sec. 3. That said district courts of the Fourteenth and Forty-fourth Judicial Districts, shall have concurrent jurisdiction throughout the limits of said Dallas county, of all matters civil and criminal, of which jurisdiction is given to the district court by the constitution and laws of the State; and the grand and petit juries for said courts respectively shall be selected and drawn from the body of the county;

Provided, that the judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District shall cause a grand jury to be drawn for, and organized at the March and September terms of said court, and the judge

Provided further, that either of said j udges may in his discretion have a grand jury drawn for, and organized at any other time, or terms of this court.

Sec. 4. - That the judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District as heretofore constituted shall continue as the judge of the Fourteenth Judicial District, as herein constituted, until the expiration of the term of his office, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified.

Sec. 5. - Immediately after this act takes effect, the governor shall appoint a suitable person as judge of the Forty-fourth Judicial District, who shall hold said office until the next general election held for State and county offices, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified.

Sec. 6. - If any election precinct in Dallas county or ward in any incorporated city or town therin shall be situated in part in each of the districts hereby created, then each voter thereof shall vote for the district judge only, of the district in which such voter resides.

Sec. 7. - When this act takes effect, the clerk of the district court of Dallas county shall make up a docket for each of said courts, by placing thereon alternately the cases, civil and criminal, now pending in the district court of Dallas county; tliat is, said clerk shall place the first case on said docket upon the docket of the Fourteenth Judicial District, and the next upon the docket of the Forty-fourth Judicial District, and so on to the end of said docket, so that the pending business may be as equally divided between said courts as can in this mode be accomplished; and all cases, prosecutions and proceedings thereafter filed with said clerk, shall by him be entered upon the dockets of said courts alternately, so that the business may be equally distributed between said courts: Provided, Either of said judges may in his discretion transfer any case or cases, pending in his court, to the other district court herein provided for, by order or orders entered upon the minutes of his court; and where such transfer or transfers are made the clerk of the district court of Dallas county shall enter such case or cases upon the docket of the court to which the transfer is made.

Sec. 8. - All process, heretofore issued or served, returnable to the district court of Dallas county, shall be considered as returnable at the times as herein prescribed, and all such process is hereby legalized and validated as if the same had been made returnable to the court, and at the time herein prescribed.

Sec. 10. - The crowded condition of the docket of the district court of Dallas county creates an imperative public necessity and emergency that requires that the constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several days be suspended, and that this bill be placed upon its passage, without being so read, and that this act take effect, and be in force from its passage; and it is so enacted.

[Note. - The foregoing act originated in the Senate, and passed the same by a vote of 23 yeas to -i nays, and passed the House by a vote of GO yeas to 34 nays.

[Note. - The act was presented to the Governor of Texas, for his approval, February 27, 1889, and was not signed by him, nor returned to the house in which it originated, with his objections thereto, within the time prescribed by the constitution, and thereupon became a law without his signature - J. M. Moore, Secretary of State.

The Court Houses

The lirst courts of Dallas county, we learn from old settlers, were held in a rough crude log house, the best that could be afforded at that stage of civilization and development of this section of country, and probably it was good enough for a new frontier country, as the few people here then were not so much interested in an imposing house in which they could assemble to mete out justice as they were in the abstract fact of obtaining justice.

While there are no records of the plans and specifications of the first courthouse, it is said that after the use of the loji house a building was erected for the clerks of the county and district courts, in which the courts were held for some time.

The contract was awarded to J. 13. McPherson on the 9th day of December, 1850, but the records fail to show at what contract price. The building is described as follows: " 16 feet wide by 32 feet long, and 9 feet between the floor and joists; to be well framed; the sills to be 8 inches thick by 10 inches wide and placed on blocks 18 inches long, put 12 inches in the ground; the plates to be 4 inches thick by 6 inches wide; the studding to be 4 inches thick; corner posts well braced; joists to be two feet apart, hewn or sawed straight on the under side; to be well covered with good shingles; the sleepers to be stout and 18 inches apart; the floors to be laid of good plank flooring well jointed; a partition wall run across the center of the building; said partition and the outside walls to be weather-boarded up with four-foot boards well shaved; with a good stone chimney, to be built in the center of the building, with a fire-place in each room; one door of the usual size in each room, well cased up with plank of proper thickness, with a good batten shutter to each door and a knob lock on each; two twelve-light windows in each room (one in the side and one in end); also plank shutters, with bolts to fasten; also one bookcase in each room alongside the chimney, with various apartments sufficient to contain the books and papers of the two clerks' offices of the county."

On October, 1855, the contract for a courthouse was let to Moore & Wilkes, the contract price being $7,400. The plans and specifications for this new courthouse were drawn by John J. Good, James M. Patterson and W. W. Peak, and provided for a building to be built of the best brick that could be manufactured in this county. In dimensions it was fifty feet square and two stories high, to be covered with the best quality of lead roofing, all wood used, to be pine, except the columns, sleepers and joists, which were to be of sound oak, and lintels, which were to be of good heart cedar. There was a brick chimney in each corner of the house, with a fire-place in each, three feet high and three feet wide. There were thirty-two small windows, and four large windows, seven and one half by ten feet each; four large doors seven and one half by ten feet each, the doors to be paneled work and well finished. The building was painted white on the inside except the bar, jury box and clerk's desk, which were of a walnut color. John J. Good, James

Dallas county held her courts in this building for about fifteen years, or until 1871, when it was condemned by the court as unsafe and sold for the paltry sum of $465, in two notes of $232.50 each, due in six months and one year, respectively, from date, April 29, 1871.

In this year the county contracted for another courthouse. The contract was let to James Donegal), but he failed to complete the work, and in November, 1871, the county paid him for the material on the ground and the labor he had done, and relieved him of the responsibility on the contract.

Tills building was made of stone quarried in Dallas county. It was two-stories high, of white stone, and made a very pretty building, which was used as a temple of justice till 1880, when it was partially destroyed by fire, the four walls being all that remained after the dreaded monster bad completed its work.

The walls not being damaged to any great extent the inside was rebuilt, the walls repaired, and a third story added, and a tower was built in the center, and a beautiful as well as substantial building was the result. Trees were planted in the yard around the building and an iron fence built around the square; and, all in all, it presented a very beautiful appearance; but it was no fire-proof, and again in 1890, just ten years and three days after the first fire, Dallas county was again without a courthouse.

The Courthouse As Rebuilt, 1880

On the 7th day of February, 1890, about three o'clock in the afternoon, Mr. Moore, deputy sheriff, and Mr. Jackson, deputy county clerk, were in Judge E. G. Bowers' court room, when all on a sudden they heard a roaring behind them, and upon looking around discovered the building to be on fire. The alarm was sounded, and the fire department promptly responded, but the wind being high and tlie water scarce they could do little good, and in little more than an hour the parts of four charred walls were all that were left of Dallas county's fourth courthouse!

houses by fire, yet, fortunate for the citizens of the county, the records have never been lost, as a tire-proof building separate and apart from the courthouse, but adjacent to the same, was used for the safe-keeping of valuable papers and records.

This being the banner county in the State in wealth and population and enterprise, after the destruction of the old courthouse by this last tire, it was the wish of the people that Dallas county should have a courthouse second to none in the South.

The new courthouse, which is just being completed, is constructed of Little Rock (Arkansas) blue granite and Pecos red sandstone, using eight columns of Texas granite the same as in the capitol, two being placed at each of tlie four entrances. The tirst story is built entirely' of the blue granite and the remainder of the building of the red sandstone, with trimmings of the blue granite. The body of the building is three stories high, the summit of the eight round towers which are placed on the main building being 118 feet from the surface of the ground. The height of the main tower in the center of the building is 205 feet. The building is 188 feet and eight inches long, by 106 feet, eleven inches wide. There are six court rooms in the building, 40 x 50 feet, and two library rooms, of the same size. These eight rooms are situated on the second and third floors. On the tirst floor are located all the county offices, fifteen in number, which will be used by county officers. On the second floor there are seven offices, and on the third floor nine offices, besides the court rooms mentioned. The first floor has two toilet rooms; the second floor, four; third floor, two; and fourth floor, two. The fourth floor has eight offices.

It is a fire-proof building, ail structural work being iron, as is the stairway. The floors in corridors and toilet rooms are of encaustic and vitreous tile, and the wainscoting of Tennessee marble, the wainscoting risinoto a height of three feet and six inches in the corridors and five feet in the toilet rooms. The floors of the court rooms and libraries are covered with linoleum tile. The wainscoting is of white oak, as is also the entire wood finish of the building.

All sheet metal work about the building is of fourteen and sixteen ounce copper. Water service throughout the building will be perfect, and for lighting purposes combination fixtures are provided, and either gas or electric lights can be used.

In the main tower is placed a clock of the E. Howard make, being a number-three striker, having four illuminated glass dials nine feet six inches in diameter. The clock strikes the hours only, with a bell weighing 4,500 pounds.

tectural work, can only give an incomplete description of this magnificent building, but suffice it to say that it is tlie finest courthouse in the South, and one of the finest in the Union, and not only reflects credit on Dallas county and her citizens, but also on the entire State, and is a monument to the industry and enterprise of her people.

The Present Courthouse, Erected 1891-'92 The First Jail

In the early settlement of the county, there being but few people here, crime was almost unknown among the pioneers; but there is no country in which it is altogether wanting, and the necessity for a place for the safe keeping of those who were charged with offenses against the laws of the State soon became apparent. To that end, on the 9th day of December, 1850, the county court let the contract for the building of a jail to one James Chapman. The following is a full description of it as taken from the minutes of the court:

" The foundation to be of cedar posts three feet long, set on end and buried even with the surface of the earth and placed against each other so as to form a wall; the outside wall to be hewn to the thickness of eight inches and edged down to a joint sixteen feet square and nine feet high between the floors; a sill to rest on said posts (inside of the outside wall), for the floor to rest on; the floor to be of oak timber ten inches thick and fitted to a joint; the inside wall to rest on the floor and to be made of the same material, and in like manner as the outside wall, and placed eight inches from the outside wall, and the space between to be filled with hewn timber eight inches thick, set upon end; the upper floor to be made of oak timber ten inches square and closely fitted together; the roof to be of good shingles well nailed on, and the gable ends weather- boarded up with well shaved boards or plank; with one door to be cut out three and one-half feet wide and five feet high, cased np with oak casing six inches thick and two feet wide, and put on with large iron spikes; with two shutters, one to open inside and the other outside, both to be made of oak plank two inches thick, and two thicknesses of said plank, one across the other, fastened together with wrought rivets, and a ten-penny nail driven in every inch square on each side of each shutter, to be hung on such hinges and secured by such locks as will be approved by said commissioners; to have one window ten by sixteen inches cased up with slab iron sufficiently wide to fasten to each wall and spiked strongly to the same with two wid - iron bars passing horizontally across the window through the casing and into the walls, and three and one-fourth-inches square iron bars, placed i)erpendicularly, passing through the horizontal bars and casing into the wall above and below."

Dallas Bar

The first lawyer that arrived in Dallas county was John C. McCoy, in 1845, from Jeifersonville, Indiana; next came Hon. Nat. M. Burford, in 1848; then Hon. John J. Good, in 1857; shortly afterward came John M. Crockett.

As can be seen in records of the officers of the county, each of these gentlemen attained distinction and eminence in their profession and tilled high places of honor. Onward has the bar of Dallas grown in reputation for lawyers of superior ability until to-day it is regarded as equal to any bar in the South, and that of any city of the population of Dallas in the United States.

Some of its members at present are honored with some of the highest offices in the State, viz.: John L. Henry is a member of the Supreme Court, Judge J. M. Hart, member of the Court of Appeals, and Charles A. Culberson, Attorney General of the State.

Medical Pioneer Physicians

Among the old pioneers who deserve special mention on the pages of history are the old pioneer physicians. Among that number is Dr. A. A. Johnson, of Dallas, who graduated at the University of Louisville, Kentucky, in the winter of 1856 and came immediately to Dallas, where he first "hung out his shingle," and where he has since continued to practice except when serving as surgeon in that branch of the Confederate service known as the Army of the Tennessee. It is not quite easy to determine who was the first physician to locate within the present boundaries of the county of Dallas, but from tl>e information at hand the honor appears to belong to a Dr. Conover, who came about 1843 or '44, prior to the organization of Dallas county, settling at Cedar Springs, on the lot where Jack Coles' handsome residence now stands, and part of the old orchard planted by his hands remains to mark the spot where he lived.

The third and best remembered of the first doctors was Dr. Jerry Dakin. He had been deprived of a complete literary education but, as one of his friends in Dallas expresses it, he was a -' natural -born doctor," and was regarded by his brother physicians who came later as a successful practitioner. A few years ago, broken down in health and for-

The next to come, in 1846, was Dr. S. B. Pryor. About four years later his brother, Dr. Charles li. Pryor, joined him here. These gentlemen were scions of an old Virginia family, and were noted both for their social and intellectual culture as well as their professional ability. Dr. S. B. Pryor died here and is buried in the cemetery of Dallas. The widow is living and spending her declining years in the State of Arkansas.

In 1851 Dr. David King came from Tennessee and located on the Lancaster road about three miles south of Dallas (a sketch of his life appears in the biographical part of this work).

Dr. James Wright came in the '508, locating about four miles west of Dallas. Dr. James Swindell also came in the '508, and located in Lancaster, where he now resides.

Dr. J. E. Thomas came in 1854. At the beginning of the Civil war he abandoned his practice here and went out as surgeon in Colonel Nat. M. Burford's regiment and promptly entered upon his duties in the field. The months of lingering camp life in pestilential swamps and morasses, the days and nights of weary march amid the heat, cold, chilling sleet and drenching rain, planted in him the seeds of consumption, from which he died in 1868.

On many occasions these old pioneer doctors were called up at the hour of midnight to ride twenty-five or thirty miles to attend a sick-bed. There were no railroads here then, and the only travel was in the saddle. The country was sparsely settled and frequently through the cold and the rain and tlie mud and the dark these old pioneer doctors would take these long, lonely rides, not so much for pecuniary gain as to relieve the sufferings of their fellow-men, for they treated all alike, whether they had money or not. No prescriptions were written in those days: the doctor carried his drugstore in his saddle-bags and dealt out the doses, frequently administering the medicine with his own hand and remaining with the patient until he was out of danger. He was in truth a benefactor, and, like the people whom he served, he must share the hardships and struggles of life in a new country, away from conveniences of all kinds, where his lonely rides often carried him for many miles without seeing a solitary habitation of a fellowman. The medicines which he carried were often exceedingly costly, yet they were dealt out without stint whenever his professional services were in demand. His fees were small, and as money was an article not possessed in abundance by many of the settlers, he was obliged to take his pay in such products as the afflicted person could provide. Often the doctor's ministrations were a labor of charity, for his fees were not always forthcoming; yet he lived and toiled on in his work of relieving the sick and distressed and shared with the people their prosperity or adversity.

practicing in Dallas. The doctor ranks among his patients some of the leading men and and women of Texas, both of the past and the present, and from the period of his arrival in this country has highly distinguished himself as a physician, as a surgeon and as an obstetrician, and all who know him well speak in the highest praise of his many noble qualities. Honor, integrity and lofty-minded strength of purpose, with a scrupulous regard for the true ethics of his profession, are qualities he possesses and holds dearer than anything else upon earth. Although nearing the sixtieth mile-post of life, the highly preserved state of his health visibly indicates a long life. The pleasant relations that have existed between Dr. Johnson and the people of the country and the trust they have reposed in him is fully appreciated. Indeed he cherishes with genuine pride, as well he may, the esteem and kindly regard in which he has been held by the good people of this community during the many years he has lived in Dallas county. His learning and skill, his high sense of professional honor and his kindly nature have combined to give him a warm place in the hearts of the old Texan. They fully believe that as a physician he has been the means of saving hundreds of lives; and only those who are familiar with the affectionate way in which the people speak of him can appreciate how strong is their friendship for him.

Medical Associations

elected its president, It lived only about a year, and, as the doctor expresses it, " it died a-teething." Several others were organized, but never got out of their swaddling clothes. The influx of doctors were such that in 1884 the leading physicians deemed it advisable to organize an association. So, on April 3, 1884, the leading physicians of Dallas met for the purpose of organizing a medical association. The following is taken from the records of the society:

" Dallas, Texas, April 3, 1884. " The following gentlemen met at Drs. Chilton & Smith's office Tuesday, April 3, 1884, for the purpose of organizing a conntj' medical association. Dr. Morton was called to the chair to act as temporary chairman and Dr. Veal to act as temporary secretary of the meet ing. Present also: Drs. Thompson, Moseley, Elliott, Leake, Eagon, Sutton, Chilton, Smith and Meeks. A committee of three, composed of Drs. Leake, Sutton and Elliott, was appointed to notify the physicians in the city and county of Dallas (Dr. Leake acting as chairman of said committee) that a meeting be held at Drs. Chilton & Smith's olhce Saturday at 3 F. M., April 12, 1884, for the purpurpose of effecting a permanent organization. Upon motion the meeting adjourned until Saturday, 3 p. m., April 12, 1884.

Dr. Morton, temporary chairman, called the meeting to order and asked for minutes of last meeting, which were read by the secretary, after which the following resolutions were offered by Dr. Thompson, before commencing the business of the meeting: rules of the State Medical Association reganiiiig admission of members, which are as follows: Article Third of the constitution says there shall be only one class of members in this association, namely: Every regularly educated man within the limits of the county who is a graduate of a regular medical college in good standing, and who adopts and conforms to the code of ethics of the American Medical Association, shall be eligible to membership in this body.

Resolved, That the temporary chairman appoint as a judicial council three physicians of the city and two of the county, known to be regular graduates in medicine, whose duty it shall be to decide upon the eligibility of candidates for membership and to whom all applications for membership shall be referred.

The above resolution being unanimously adopted, the chairman appointed a committee of five, viz.: Drs. Thompson, Sutton, Allen, Smith and Dr. Thompson acting as chairman of said committee.

After a judicial examination of the names brought before the committee the chairman reported thirty-seven as eligible to membership in the society.

The next important point for consideration being the election of officers, the result was as follows: Dr. Morton, president; Dr. Leake, first vice-president; Dr. Thruston, second vice-presidant; Ur. Smith, treasurer; Dr. Veal, secretary.

On a committee of by-laws the following were appointed by the president: Drs. Eagon, Johnson and Newsom, also a judiciary committee, comprised of Drs. Leake, Thotnpson, Sutton and Eagon.

The name and style of this society is "the Dallas County Medical Society," and is auxiliary to the "Texai State Medical Association." The object of this society is to organize the medical profession of the county in the most efficient maimer possible: to encourage a high standing of professional qualifications and ethics and to promote professional brotherhood. Tiie meetings of the society have been both pleasant and instructive. Many interesting and instructive essays have been prepared and impressively read by different members to which the society listened with great attention and growing interest. Tliese essays, on different diseases and topics pertaining to the medical profession, showed careful construction and gave every evidence of long experience and earnest reflection on the part of the different authors. These essays were invariably open for discussion, when nearly every member found tongue in either questioning the author's argument or adding something to the paper by recounting personal observations and experiences. The object of the society is a noble one and has done much towards strengthening and elevating the standard of the medical profession of Dallas county.

At the death of the first prfi8i<ient of this society. Doctor J. II. Morton, a meeting vf&& held, and the following resolution expressive of the feeling of the society were spread on the minutes:

Morton, the iirst president of our society, after a long and painful illness passed quietly away, it becomes us to express our deep sorrow at his death and our appreciation of his labors; Therefore, be it

Resolved, First, that in the death of our fellow Dr. John H. Morton, the first president of the society, we have lost one of our brightest and most laborious members, our city one of its best citizens and society one of her most polished members; Secondly, That we extend to his widow our sincerest condolence in this her deep affliction, and that a copy of this preamble and these resolutions be spread upon our minutes and a copy be sent to his widow and to the Courier Record for publication.

Chairman . L. D. Thurston, M. D., D. H. TucKKK, M. D. The present officers of the Association are: Dr. John D. Parsons, president; Dr. B. L. Rawlins, treasurer; Doctor G. W. Grove, secretary.

Physicians Of The Pbesent

Dallas being the largest city in the largest county in the largest State in the Union, it is reasonable to conclude that here is to be found the largest as well as the most efficient corps of physicians; and the writer states without fear of contradiction that no county in the State of Texas can excel in ability and talent the medical fraternity of Dallas county. They are men of culture and refinement, and the most of them are men who have had every advantage of a literary as well as medical education. The practice of their profession is not all sunshine. Many shadows fall across their paths of life, many scenes and experiences frequently cause them to carry home an aching heart. The pleadings of an almost heartbroken mother for the life of her little one which has passed beyond his skill, her wailings of despair, as she watches the life tide of her darling ebb and flow, the despairing angnis!. of the fond, affectionate wife as she stands by the deathbed of the husband who won her heart when her cheeks were rosy with the blushes of girlhood, the deep groans of manhood as the devoted husband sees the life slowly leaving the form that for years has lain upon his breast, - these and many other scenes cause sorrow to come into the life of the physician. No profession on earth does more work of charity, and in many cases receive in return only ingratitude.

The following concerning the Mexican war we take from Judge John Henry Brown's history, i)y his permission. After interviewing several pioneers none could give facts concerning this war as could Judge

James S. Gillct, Middleton T. Johnson, Jacob lioborts, Gabriel M. Armstrong (succeeded in October 1847 by First Lieutcnaiit Alfred Evans), Isaac Ferguson (died in the city of Mexico, January 1, 1848, and succeeded by Ephraim M. Daggett), Stephen Kinsey (resigned in October, 1847, and succeeded by First Lieutenant Preston Witt), Chaucer Asliton (successor to Captain Truitt, died in the city of Mexico, December 14, 1847, and succeeded by Alexander E. llandley), Henry W. Baylor, Shapley P. Ross and Hammond Warfield after August, 1847.

"The companies of Captains Johnson, Koss, Highsmith, Gillett and Baylor were stationed at different jioints on the frontier of Texas, under Lieutenant (^olonel Bell. All the others went with Hays to Mexico. They marched from San Antonio to Laredo, and down the west side of the Rio Grande to its mouth, about three hundred miles, and were transported in steamers to Vera Cruz, where their brilliant career began, and where, on the return of peace, they re-embarked for home. The Dallas company was discharged in Vera Cruz about May 6, 1848.

"Rev. Samuel - Corley, of the Cumber- Iniul Presbyterian church, faithfully discharged the double duties of soldier and chaplain, and was beloved by the whole regiment.

Partial Mustek Roll Of The Company

"Officers - Stephen Kinsey, of Fannin, was captain till October, 1847; then Preston Witt, formerly first lieutenant; Josiah Pancoast, second lieutenant and regimental commissary, became first lieutenant October, 1847; John L. Terry, of Collin, and Kiiich Hensley, of Fannin, third lieutenants; Wm. E. Crook, orderly sergeant, promoted to lieutenant, drew the maps of Peters' colony, died in Shelby county; John H. Daniel, commissary sergeant; Shelton Robbins, succeeded Crook as orderly.

"Privates - Nathan Atterberry, Rufus Anderson (of Collins); Libner Barnard (Fannin); .lames Barrow, died in Mexico; James S. Barker, lives in Shelby county ; Wm. Benton; Stephen Conrad, died in San Angel, valley of Mexico; Jesse Cox, died in Dallas county; Wm. Chenault, died in Dallas county, 188G; Elijah Carder and Christopher Carder, brothers, died in Mexico; George R. Counts, came home sick and died in Missouri; Thomas Dykes, died New Orleans en route home; Calvin Green; James Glenn, lives in Denton ; John B. Gorbett, substituted on the Rio Grande by George Markhain ; drowned in Kaufman county; Wnj. Ilicklin, afterward killed in an impromptu duel; Win. Herald, of Fannin, died in Puebla; John Herald, brother of William; Andrew Sloan Jackson, liviny in Dallas county; his brother, Wm. C, came home sick and died September 12, 1848; Wm. Keen; Benjamin Keen; Benjamin Lindsey, of Fannin; Andrew

McCommas, living in Dallas, discharged sick in the city of Mexico, January 14, 1848: got home in March; John C. McCommas, same as his nephew John, lives in Young county; Stephen B. McCommas, Jr., brother of John, died in the city of Mexico December 24, 1847; Burke McCommas, cousin of John, died near the same time; George Mounts, died about the same time; George Markham, substitute for John B. Gorbett (his children living in Dallas county); Ben Noggle or Noagle, of Fannin; John Newton; John L. Pulliam; Benjamin J. Prigmore (still holds the fort near Richardson, Dallas county, and is still not "of age" under the now pension law, lacking three or four years of being sixty-two!); Dudley F. Pearson; Anderson Pruitt (his 'society' title in camp life being 'Piny Woods'); George II. Paschal, eighty years old, lives at Terrell, and has a youthful desire to migrate to the land of gold and grow up with the country, because his elder kindred oppose his using tobacco; Christopher C. Porter; William Romme, died in Mexico; William Scrutch; Nathan Scnitch; George W. Smith; William Sliahan, died in castle Perotc; -Shahan, brother of

William; Iliram Shirley, died and was buried at sea en route home February, 1848; Alexander A. Thomas, died in Dallas county; John, his brother, died in Mexico; James Vance, now dead; James Welborn, wont early to California, and died recently; Hogan Witt, lives in Collin; Wm. Wilhite, died in Mexico, as also his brother, McKinsey Wilhite - seventy-one; Benjamin Abbott; Gilbert R. Brush, of Fort Bend county, and ex-Mier revolver burst in Vera Cruz, wounding his hand and killing his horse; John Euitt (not the same who was sheriff of Dallas county); Jolly (1), Jolly (2), brothers, afterward of Ilopkins county; Kaufman;

Milton Vincent, and Harvey Vanslyko, who died in Puebla. This is a total of eightynine names out of what was probably ninetyfive, though some of the survivors say 110, 114 and 121, all of whom are believed to bo mistaken."

Judge Brown acknowledges the services of Messrs. Samuel A. Haught and Benjamin J. Prigmore, who assisted in furnishing the above list of names, and stated that in regard to the total number that Mr. I'rigmore was confident the number was ninety-five.

Bistort Of Dallas 00Unt7 Daij.As In The Civil War

To roct.rd in liiHtory tlin brave and valiiint deeds of those who from a consciousneBS of duty fought for tlieir country's interest, either on the battlefield or otherwise, is the duty of every liistorian who undertakes to write that people's career. And in no spirit of sectionalism does the compiler write of the Confederates, hut with the sentiment, "All honor to whom honor is due," would say that the brave deeds of the noble and gallant Confederate soldiers of the South will ever be honored juid revered by their descendants, and will bo kept fresh and green in their memories for time immemorial.

The cause for which the Soutliern States fou<i;ht involved, as the Texans thought, a principle which aroused them with a spirit of loyalty and devotion to the Confederacy, and into line she stepped with the other States. Dallas county furnished some of the bravest of these Texas soldiers. They were led by seven Confederate colonels, - Nicholas II. Darnell, B. Warren Stone, T. C. Ilawpe, Nat. M. iJurford, John J. Goodo, John T. Coite and W. E. Hughes. There were other commissioned officers from this county. These officers and soldiers from Dallas county were as brave and as chivalrous as any that fought in the Confederacy.

Sterling Price Camp

To perpetuate the memory of these ex- Confederates, living and dead, and to preserve and maintain that sentiment of fraternity naturally enkinilltHJ in their bosoms for each other, the ex-Confederates of Dallas county, under the leadership of General W. L. Cabell, organized on the 13th day of October, 1889, in the city of Dallas, at the Grand Windsor Hotel, a "camp," naming it after the gallant and beloved Confederate general. Sterling Price. To state the object of the camp in full and in detail, we quote from the constitution adopted by the camp:

"The object of this cam]) shall be for social purposes; to perpetuate the memory of our comrades, living and dead; to preserve and maintain that sentiment of fraternity born of hardship and dangers, shared in the marcl), the bivouac and the battlefield, and to erect a monument in the city of Dallas to the Confederate dead of all armies, commemorative of their heroic deeds; to aid indigent comrades, their widows and orphans; to give to our children a true history of the incidents on the march, life in camp, and deeds done on the battlefield ; to avoid everything that partakes of partisanship in i-eligion and politics, but to extend courtesies on every fitting occasion to our late adversaries in arms and to aid and assist in the maintenance of law and preservation of order."

The broad and liberal purposes set out in the above statement of the object of this organization can but be admired, it occurs to the writer, by all sections and even by the once strong foe to the Confederacy. The last sentence, - " to extend courtesies on every fitting occasion to our late adversaries in arms and to aid and assist in the maintenance of law anil preservation of order," - is the link that liinds all, friend and foe, together. Tlie Grand Army of the Republic have a branch of their great and powerful organization here in Dallas, a history of which we give later on ; and to show the reader what kind feelings of friendship exist here, as elsewhere in the South, between the ex-Confederates and the members of the G. A. R., we give the following communications, which are self-explanatory:

The Wlue And The Okay

Sir: - I am directed by Sterling Price Camp, ex- Confederate Veterans, to say to you and through you to your companions of the Grand Army of the Republic, that on to-morrow, the 6th inst., Sterling Price Camp will have memorial services, and will decorate the graves of tiio sleeping veterans of the Confederate army. The Grand Army of the Republic are cordially invited to participate witii us in thus honoring our dead heroes. It is the purpose of the association to decorate the graves of those heroes who wore the blue, as well as the gray.

Poet, No. 6, and John A. Dix Post, No. 11, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Texas, are liereby earnestly requested to meet at Merchants' Exchange hall, on Tuesday, May 6, at 10:30 a. .m., to unite with Sterling Price Camp, ex-Confederate Veterans, in decorating the graves of the heroes of the late war. James M. Steere,

Oeorge II. Thomas Post. " David McKay, John A. Dix Post.'''' The Sterling Price Camp is one of the numerous associations organized under the union of the United Confederate Veterans, which has different departments through the South and is the headquarters of the " Trans- Mississippi Department." The following are the officers: Lieutenant-Goneral, W. L. Cabell, Commanding; W. L. Thompson, Adjutant-General and Chief of Staff; General George Moorman, Assistant Adjutant-General, Louisiana; F. \'>. Trotman, Colonel and Assistant Adjutant-General; Dr. S. D. Thruston, Surgeon-General; II. W. Grabor, Quartermaster-General; S. P. Mendez, Commissary-General; Hugh F. Ewing, Inspector- General; W. G. Veal, Brigadier-General and Chief of Ordnance; W. II. Gaston, Rrigadier- General and Aid-de-Camp; F. Waltam, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp; li. B. Stoddard, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp; Charles A. Harris, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp, Louisiana; John M. Ilarrell, Brigadier-General and Aid-de-Camp, Arkansas; J. O. Shelby, Brigadier-General and Aidde-Camp, Missouri; D. N. Mcintosh, Brigadier-General nn<l Aid-dc-Canip, Indian Territory; J. T. Harris, Brigadier-General and Aid- de Camp; Paul Conrad, Colonel and Aid-de- Camp, Louisiana; R. B. Coleman, Colonel and Aid-de-Camp, Indian Territory; R. E. Burke, Judge Advocate General; A. T. Watts, Brigadier- General and Aid-de-Camp and Associate Judge Advocate General; Dr. A. P. Smith, Chaplain General. It has done great good for the old ex-Confederates and their families in the way of charities. It was the prime factor in establishing the ex-Confederate Home at Austin, Texas.

Under an order of General W. L. Cabell, of Dallas, calling for the ex-Confederates of the State of Texas, and in fact of all those in the trans-Mississippi territory, to come together and organize into camps, and all join each other in Dallas in April, 1892, so as to attend in a body the great reunion of all the camps of the ex-Confederacy at New Orleans, Louisiana, April 8, 1892, there was gathered in Dallas an assemblage of old soldiers. An ex-Confederate was a wonder to the citizens of Dallas, and more especially to the generation reared up since the war in which these ex- Confederates fought. To see the old soldiers, some with one arm, some with one leg, some with scarred faces, effects from fights upon the battlefield, and some with no effects visible, all proudly and happily meeting and embracing each other on the streets of the city, was a sight never to be forgotten by those who were present. It is one event in the history of this city that should never be obliterated.

and their friends, assembled here on that occasion, - some from the Indian Territory, some from Kansas, and some from Arkansas. The railroads were taxed to their utmost capacity to accommodate the tremendous crowds; but under the efficient management of the executive committee, composed of Dr. S. D. Thrustou, chairman, S. P. Mender, W. H. Gaston, Pat Waltnian, W. H. Graber and W. L. Thompson, who had every courtesy extended by the railroad companies reaching to New Orleans, transportation was effected.

The following is the list of members of the Sterling Price Camp, the present residence of each member, rank, company and regiment in which he served in time of the war, as far as could be secured from the enrollment books in the secretary's office, copied in full as the books show. The omissions made were because the books fail to give the names:

Religious Services In The Southern Camps

Rev. Howard Henderson, D. D., a forcible writer, very strikingly presents in an article published in the Western Christian Advocate, May 25, 1892, the religious services, and by whom conducted, in the Southern camps during the Civil war; and as some of the prominent leaders in those services were also commanders of many of the old soldiers who are now residents of Dallas county, it may be some of them were participants in many of these religious services, and some of the boys who " wore the blue," now living in Dallas, were among those who stood on the banks of the liapidan and joined in the hymns.

" Of drum and trumpet history we have had a surfeit; but there is a religious chronicle awaiting record. It told upon the morale, the courage, and constancy of the Southern army. Many of the generals were clergymen, notably Lieutenant-General Leonidas Polk, Protestant Episcopal bishop of Louisi- ana; W. N. Pendleton, chief of artillery, Episcopalian; Major-General C. E. Evans, General D. C. Kelley, and Colonels Fountain - E. Pitts, George W. Carter, C. C. Gillespie, F. C. Wilkes, C. Calloway, Methodist; and majors, captains, lieutenants, and privates of the various churches. Dr. Dabney, Presbyterian theologue, served on Stonewall Jackson's staflp. General Henry A. Wise said: best soldier of the Captain of Salvation makes the best soldier in our camps.' It was an old proverb, 'The worse the man, the better the soldier.' My observation is the otiier way. The men who feared God were the bravest in fronting men. The men, too, who love God are the men who love their fellows. At the cross the blue and gray touch breasts and are brothers.

" Among the chaplains, missionary and commissioned, were: Enoch Marvin, J. C. Gran berry, afterward bishops in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, the latter losing an eye in battle; Drs. Quintard and Beckwith (afterward Episcopal bishops); Dr. John B. McFerrin, A. L. P. Green, C. W. Miller, C. K. Marshall, Hardie Brown, W. W. Bennett, Methodists; Drs. B. T. Lacy, A. C. Hopkins, Theodorick Pryor, George W. Leyburn, Presbyterians; and Dr. L. Burrows, the Drs. Broadus, J. C. Hiden, and J. Wni. Jones, of the Baptist Church. The Catholics had their representatives: among them Father Ryan, the poet; Bishop Gallagher, late bishop of Louisiana, and Dudley, of Kentucky, were officers of the line. Generals Sterling Price and K. M. Gano (now a resident of Dallas) were preachers in the Christian church. A. large number of the surgeons were local preachers in the Methodist church. There was an army church in almost every brigade: at the first many companies, while full, held weekly prayer-meetings. Two-thirds of the men in the regiment with which I went out were members of the Church, mostly Baptist and Methodist.

"Among the Generals, Lee, Jackson, Hardee, Albert Sydney and Joseph E Johnston, Bragg, Polk, Trappier, Manigault, Evans, Pendleton, Gordon, Colquitt, Vance, Barton, Bee, Garnett, Price, Stuart, Rhodes, Hampton, Ewell, Longstreet, Kelley, "Walker, Laws, Cobb, and Kirby Smith were devout and openly active in promoting religion by encouraging tract distribution and Bible circulation, observing the Sabbath, and furnishing facilities to the chaplains and missionaries. Many of tliem had prayers at their headquarters daily, and Sabbath services. Lee and Jackson offered prayer publicly. The American Bible Society furnished a cargo of Bibles, and the vessel sailed past fleets and forts unchallenged, the white flaoat tlie inast-iiead giving it passport. The Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church advanced $16,000 to the missionaries of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in China.

"During the great revival in Gordon's Georgia brigade, baptism by immersion was administered in the Rapidan in open view and easy range of the Federal army. General Gordon was alway.s present, offering a splendid target to the Union pickets on the bank, but to the honor of 'the boys in blue' they refrained from firing, and stood reverentially looking on the sacred scene. No danger was apprehended while the ordinance was being administered. On several occasions the Federal pickets joined in the hymns.

"The famous Rockbridge artillery, on July 4, 1861. contained seven masters of a,'rts of the University of Virginia, forty-two graduates of other colleges, nineteen theological students (including R. E. Lee's son), nearly all of whom were professed Christians. Nearly every company left home after prayers, and each man carried a Testament in his pocket.

" 'The Liberty Hall Volunteers,' of Washington college, elected Professor "White their captain. All the officers and more than onehalf the privates were Christians, and onefourth were candidates for the ministry. Dr. Patterson, president of Hampden-Sidnej, organized a company from his own college and Union Theological Seminary, nearly all church members.

"During the war. Generals R. H. Anderson, Baylor, Ewell, Hood, Hardee, Pender, Paxton. Rhodes, Colonel Lamar, and a multitude of other officers, were won to Christ. In July, 1862, General Lee issued a general order as follows: 'Habitually all duties, except those of inspection, will be suspended during Sunday, to enable the troops to attend religions services.' He uniformly attended public worship. While his army was crossing the James in 1864, hurrying to the defense of Petersburg, he took with hi in a minister in the woods, and engaged with him in prayer that God would give him wisdom and grace for the campaign on which he was then entering.

General G. E. B. Stuart, the Prince Rupert of the South, was a pure, earnest Christian, who lived nobly and died triumphantly. He asked, when dying. Dr. Peterkin to sing 'Rock of Ages,' and joined in the song. The hymn concluded, he said, '1 am resigned; God's will be done,' and then fell asleep. General Gordon was accustomed to lead prayer-meetings in his command, and at the revivals made strong appeals to the unconverted. He would kneel by privates and point them to Christ. General D. H. Hill was very active in promoting religion. General Polk, Episcopal bishop of Louisiana, never preached, but frequently attended the service, and had Sabbath preaching at his camp.

"The churches all of them expended their energies in sending their ablest ministers to the camps. It was under such auspices that Drs. Palmer, Quintard, Markham, Granberry, McFerrin, Green, Broadns, Marvin, Crouch, Miller, Rogers, and many others served the soldiers. Many served as officers of the line or staff, some of whom - Kogar,Crouch, Baldwin, Heard, and others - were killed. Three local

"I preached almost every Sabbath while in the field, and a number of times, while commisssioner for the exchange of prisoners of war, in the military prisons and parole-camp, and buried many of 'the boys in blue' with Christian rites. I also, when within the lines under flag of truce, preaclied in Vicksburg, Memphis, and on the Federal fleet. The amenities of religion scarfed the shoulders of the war-cloud with a baldric of mercy, and lent to the desolations of brand and battle a beauty born of lieaven.

The Department of Texas of the Grand Army of the Republic, was organized on the 15th day of March, 1885, with six posts and 250 members. It now consists of fifty-six posts, with a total membership of nearly 2,000.

The Dallas posts are "Geo. H. Thomas, No. 6," organized in October, 1883, by J. C. Bigger, and the "John A. Dix," organized in September, 1886, by Joiin L. Boyd, J. C. Bigger and others.

The Grand Army of the Republic is said to be the most powerful secret organization in the United States. Their members are well organized in Texas, and especially in Dallas. They are a broad-minded, liberal people, and, as stated above, join, on certain occasions, with ex-Confederates in decoratinothe graves of the Blue and the Gray, showing that all feelings of animosity caused by the old struggle have died out. Below we give the list of members of the two posts here in Dallas, which consists of some of the bravest, best, truest, most noble, most loyal and most highly honored citizens of Dallas county and city.

List Of Post No. 11 Memorial Day

the least in the annals of this great county is the good and fraternal feeling existing between the old soldiers of the late war, and the writer has had uiic.xceptional)lo opportunities to ascertain the true feeling of tlie j)eople. There is the best of feeling in Dallas county regarding the introduction of Northoni capital and im- migration into the State, and any Northern man can only realize the cordial welcome he will receive by actual contact with the people, and it is with pleasure the discoursu tilled with geme of patriotic sentiments delivered is published with this history. Also, in this same connection, is published an address delivered by Colonel W. D. Wylie, formerly of the Second Iowa, and afterward of the regular array, the first Department Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic in Texas; and also an address by Colonel W. L. Crawford, a gallant soldier who wore the gray; and it is hoped that this history of this great county, showing as it does the complete history of our reconciliation, will do something toward cementing the fraternal feeling now existing, and in doing good for our common country. The words "memorial day" cause a feeling of rest and peace to come into our hearts, but it is so graphically and politically expressed in the memorial discourse by Rev. E. M. Wheelock, it is published in full:

" Through all past time, among all past peoples, the memory of the soldier dead has been sacredly cherished. For conquering kings pyramids were built; for chiefs, warriors, heroes, triumphal arches reared their stately fronts. Pillars pierced the sky to point the victories of nations, while the monument and the mausoleum testify to the grief for the fallen. The chiseled marble, the sculptured vase and urn, the cenotaph of brass are the enduring monuments of grief, the tributes of a nation's sorrow to her most gallant and deserving sons.

not in sorrow, not in mourning, not with the cold symbols of metal and stone, but rather with the high gladness of a solemn festival. So, in the springtime of nature, from every city and town and hamlet of this broad continent, gather the people of this, the proudest of all nations, to commemorate the valor and the victory of their soldier dead. They strew their last resting place with the most fitting decoration that can be brought to a true man's grave - flowers, fresh as the remembrance we carry in our hearts for the departed brave; flowers as fragrant as the full-blossomed glory of their deeds in the annals of the age; flowers perishable like the bodies of kindred dust, but like the immortal soul of man to be renewed year by year forever. Their true symbol is the starry flag which they carried to enduring victory from sea to sea; their true arch of triumph, the government of free and equal laws which they made to span the continent like the bow of promise, giving assurance of equality of duties and of rights under lav.s founded on the will of the people alone.

" Thus arises a grander and more imperishable memorial than ever the pomp of kingdoms or the wealth of selfish conquest have raised to commemorate their warriors and their chiefs; a national purpose which has the dignity and solemnity of funeral rites without their sadness. We celebrate not a new bereavement, but an old one; not around a freshly made grave, but remembering those already clothed with grass and blooms. To Nature's signs of tenderness we but add our own. Not ashes to ashes, dust to dust, but

"The great volunteer army of the nation has long since disbanded. Its tents are struck, its camp fires put out, its muster rolls laid away. But there is another army that no presidential proclamation can disband and no general orders reach. In every cemetery we stand amidst its camping grounds; those white stones are its tents, its muster rolls are in our memories, its camp fires burn in our hearts.

" When the great soldier of Napoleon, La Tour d'Auvergne - surnaraed 'the First Grenadier of France" - fell in battle the Emperor ordered that his heart should be embalmed and carried always at the head of his regiment, that his name should be called at every roll call and that some comrade should answer for him, ' Dead upon the field of honor.'

" So have we embalmed the hearts of our heroes in our imperishable affections; we carry them to the front, and when we hear read their lengthened muster rolls our love makes answer for each, ' Dead upon the field of honor.'

" We read in the old Roman story that one day in the center of the imperial city, and right through its forum, the earth suddenly opened and a vast chasm yawned to the bottomless deep. Every hour it crumbled and widened until it threatened to engulf the proud temples and palaces of Roine. Vain was every eflfort to stay the growing horror. The whole population labored in vain to fill it; all that they cast in disappeared. The tired swarms of laborers returned at morning from their brief slumbers to find their toil of yesterday wasted and the gulf still wider and deeper than before. Despairing and dreading the vengeance of the offended deities, of whose wrath they saw in this the visitation, the senators of the trembling city consulted the soothsayers and the seers. The answer was given that the chasm would never be filled and its growth never stayed until the thing that Rome held to be her highest wealth, value and preciousness, should be cast into the dreadful pit. There was much debate as to what the most precious thing might be, and on the morrow the multitude gathered around the quaking edge of the gulf, bearing in their arms gold and jewels, gems and pearls, and their choicest wealth. 'Suddenly among them appears a young soldier mounted and armed as for battle.

" ' These lifeless things that you bear in your arms, O, Romans,' ho cries, ' are not your best gifts. Your strength, your hope, your most priceless wealth arc youth and valor, and life freely given for the redemption of one's country.' He plunges into the abyss.

" Our fathers founded this nation on justice. They laid the corner stone of the Republic in the cement of universal liberty, ' all men are created equal,' but the political walls were builded with un tempered mortar. The conflict between hostile systems of labor had long been gathering. It was not an affair of transient impulse. The battle was being set in array even from the time the new nation had been brought forth. The clash of discussion was heard in every nook and corner of the land. Then came the passionate appeal to arms. A great gulf suddenly yawned, stretching from ocean to desert, dividing the people into hostile camps. That war did not end nor that gulf close till we had cast therein our most precious possessions, the growth, the strength, the virtue, the patriotism of the land.

" From homes where gray-haired grandsires still spoke of Washington ; from the cabin which sheltered the emigrant of yesterday; from the lap of luxury and the hut of poverty; from the wayside shop of the blacksmith and the broad acres of the fanner; from the clearing of the pioneer and the cave of the miner; from the college halls where students gathered and the marts of trade where merchants thronged, they came in a grand array.

" Life was as dear to them as to others, death just as unwelcome. But life must end and death must come to all, and their hearts sang the song of the old hero ' who kept the bridge bo well.'

" The gulf closed at last, but the land ridged and scarred with 300,000 graves reminds us how deadly the danger and how great the sacrifice.

" Not till man had wasted from before the cannon's mouth, like snow flakes from the noonday sun; not till her voice of mourning was heard in every hamlet and town; not till the reaper Death had gathered a harvest of the noblest and best into his voiceless garner; not till rivers of blood in crimson streams cried from earth to heaven did that chasm close. The sweat of agony is the price of purification. 'Via crucis via lucis:' the way of the cross is the way of light. The bodies of brave men, sown thick in the furrows of war, are the seed from which springs enduring national life. That is the costly price we pay for the glory of an unbroken republic.

'-From the soil stained with their blood has sprung the consummate flower of impartial freedom, equal laws, a common birthright, a perpetual nationality, au enduriug destiny, one name. These comrades fell that the nation might rise with the resurrection of a nobler, fuller humanity. They died that liberty might live. Every forward step, every new right gained for the race, has been reached through human blood and pain. Thus mankind moves onward.

" Had these, our biotliers, not set their breasts a living barricade against the iron hail of war, where would this nation be today? The index of civilization wonld have been turned back on the dial of the world. The republic broken in twain, dismembered exhausted by a fierce civil war, demoralized by the loss of its unity and name, would have become in the eyes of the European world like Mexico or Chile.

" What foreign power cares for a nest of little jealous States like South America? But those who are careless of a hundred sparrows learn to respect the mighty eagle. Our fallen brothers won for themselves a grave, for us a country. They fell in the field, died in the hospital, wasted in the prison, that American union and American freedom might not perish from the earth. They crystallized the Declaration of Independence into organic law and fact. Through the glittering stars on onr shield we read the grand result - not a State lost, not a slave breathing on our soil, the press free, education universal, the schoolhouse and the church side by side everywhere - all the children of one nation.

" We are to-day not only united but welded ; bound together from ocean to ocean by links of iron and fastened to the central heights with a silver tie and a spike of gold. The streams that roll from the north spin and weave, grind our corn and hammer our iron in their swift passage to the sea: the field and plantations now grow whiter than before with a richness that intelligent labor inspires, while the worker mingles with the sound of well requited toil the sweeter.

" The past is settled, and so settled that never again on our soil shall hostile graves be closely dug for miles and filled with American dead. The citizens soldiers died not only for the blood-bought land, but for the world. The might of our victorious example pushes England forward toward an enlarged franchise, free schools, a free church and justice to the sister nation of Ireland a half century earlier than otherwise she would. Prussia, Protestant Prussia, her bayonets pointed with thought, has smitten down despotic Austria and torn the diadem from France. Resurrected Italy gathers round a new and better Rome. Imperial Russia liberates her serfs. China and Japan, the oldest of the dynasties of time, reverse the order of the sun's rising and take from us, the youngest of the nations, their first lessons in the civilization of the time. Yet what has been achieved is as the green and tender blade of wheat whicli waves in the field to-day compared with the heavy-headed grain which will bend in golden ripeness in the coming harvest time. O Liberty! Liberty! All the coming ages are thine own, and the blood of our brothers has not been shed in vain.

" Yet a day and a great nation bows in reverence at the tomb of its patriotic dead. A mighty people minglegarlands with the ashes of its buried defenders, in token that their memory sweetly blossoms from the dust. The sun will look down over a tenth of the wide world, upon the sacred communion of the republic with the spirits of its preservers. From shore to shore of the two great oceans

Freedom's sons turn with bated steps to the last resting places of Freedom's martyrs. From countless hills and valleys ascends the music to the martial dirge. Chaplets and wreaths crown ail of virtue that could die of our valiant host. The measured cadence of the memorial gun, answering from city to city and from State to State, stirs the heart of the laud. The national banner, heavy with the symbols of our loss, canopies the tombs of those who upheld it, even to the shadow of death. The soldier tread of veterans recalls the scene in which those whose memory we revive to-day acted so well their part.

"They sleep, that silent host; some with their kindred dust, others under the sod of Virginia, beside the rocks of the Alleghanies, and on all the red fields from the peninsula to the Appomattox; from Gettysburg to the gulf. They sleep at Arlington, at Shiloh, at Andersonville, in the wilderness, in the romantic southwest, and all along the great march from Atlanta to the sea. In an especial manner we were in fellowship with those who rest from their labors; yea, and we are in fellowship with them still. To us they will always be what they can not be to those who were not permitted to share with them, as we did, the days, the scenes and experiences that made us comrades.

" Tlie glorious fraternity of the camp, the march, the battle, the trenches, the vigils that wearied out the stars, can not be dissolved by death. Those of our companions in war who have halted and lain down in the bivouac that no trumpet shall disturb are yet of us and so forevermore will be. We are again in the dust of the charging column, in the rifle pits, or on the raid. "We hear once more the shriek of the shell and the thrilling notes that sound the charge. We know, as others can not, how our fallen brothers suffered, fought and fell. By the beating of our hearts we feel their spirits with us today, and we breathe a vow, like Lincoln, registered in heaven, that so far as in us lies they shall not have died in vain.

" Our army is marching on. Slowly but surely moves the long array. As one by one we pass the picket at the gates of death, our lessening ranks will mark the flight of time till the last veteran totters from the field. Yes, the hour hastens when at the order of our great commander we must follow our departed comrades. Every year our lines are thinning, our numbers growing less. When a few more summers shall have passed but a handful of bent and aged men will be left to represent the Grand Army of the Republic and to repeat the dirge of the dead. Next they, too, will be mustered out and the saviors of America will be numbered with the brothers who have gone before, and even the graves whei-e they sleep will disappear. But ere the story of their valor dies out, or the result of their heroism ceases to uplift mankind, the rivers by which they sleep will be dry and the mountains where they fought will be level with the plains.

gave hope in the darkest hours. The hands that never tired were women's hands, when for the soUliers they knit and sewed and rolled the lint, while their tears fell fast on their work. A hundred hospitals were filled by them with comforts and luxuries, which no hospital ever had before. Others went to the front to nurse the sick and the wounded and comfort the dying, and she whose shadow English soldiers bent to kiss in the Ci'imean hospitals was not more revered than they. Untold were their griefs, for death entered every wliere; on all sides were home circles broken, hearts bereft and dear ones gone. I believe that for every drop of blood shed on the battle field, a tear-drop fell on a distant pillow; and for every pulseless breast at the front there was a broken-hearted woman at the hearthstone far away.

" Finally we would cast a glance of frank brotherly sympathy toward the graves of those who died fighting against us. They were as sincere as we. They acted up to the measure of their light as we to ours. If they conld come back, they would be one with us to-day. It was their fate, not their fault, to be drawn into the dreadful vorte.x of war. There was a Providence in all that terrible past, and in the madness that precipitated the conflict both sides were but working out the will of the Over-Soul. The providences of battle are the arrangements of God. Tiie old flag with its growing family of stars is now the ensign of the South also, and the valor of the Southern army, and the military genius and generalship of its chiefs, fill an imperishable

"The sentiments of the foregoing can be taken to the hearts and the homes of both ' the blue and the gray,' for the pen picture is one that applies equally to them and appeals to the heart of every true American soldier and citizen."

The following accounts of the Memorial day services in the city of Dallas, May 30, 1887, and May 30, 1890, are copied from old issues of the local press. On the former occasion the memorial address was delivered by Colonel W. D. Wylie, who "wore the blue," and on the latter by Colonel W. L. Crawford, who " wore the gray," thus showing that "grim-visaged war has hid her brazen front" and the winged angel of peace again hovers over the land.

Memorial Day Of Mat 30, 1887

This Memorial day, which is observed throughout the length and breadth of the Union, from the snow-capped mountains of Alaska to the flowery glades of Florida, and from ocean to ocean, dawned clear, and was duly regarded by botli the blue and the gray, who blended in the decoration of the graves of their dead as one common people of the land of the free and the home of the brave.

This morning ex-Federal and ex-Confederate soldiers gathered at the headquarters of the George H. Thomas Post to take part in the ceremonies. The large float, bearing a pyramid of thirty-eight lovely girls, dressed in white trimmed with red and blue, a combination of the national colors, holding baskets of flowers, attracted much attention. The float was elaborately decorated, and Miss Hattie Stover, who gracefully represented Texas, sat at the apex of this pyramid of beauty. The young ladies who represented the other States were: May Parnell, Minnie Graham, Susan Acton, Mollie Stover, Mary Graham, Nettie Stover, Dora Burgan, Ida Stover, Edith Norton, Eustice McCormick, Rosa "Warden, Veneda Tazell, Vina Glenn, Ida and Ada Jenkins, Lena Cottmau, Ruth Kelly, Delia Harold, Nettie Clark, Susie Montgomery, Lena Lap pell, Maggie Burget, Lena Lawson, M. Greelun, Lotta Dillard, Fannie Amos, Mana Meeley, Lena Harold, Willie Hall, Elma Bly, Kate Stearcy, May Adams, Minnie Meeley, Sue Meeley, Lena Otto, Mattie and Mary Ramsey.

A salute was fired by Battery Crawford over the grave of Colonel L. M. Lewis, who fought in the Confederate cause, and also over the grave of Captain White, who fought on the Federal side. The other cemeteries were visited and the graves garlanded.

After services at the cemeteries and garlanding the graves of the dead, memorial services are being held at the City Park pavilion. A large crowd was present.

"To-day we meet again to pay a loving tribute to those of our comrades in arras, who, nearly a quarter of a century ago, marched side by side with us in the vigor of youth and young and patriotic manhood, and who, at the bugle call of the great Creator, have answered the roll call above, and to-day we all realize that the number of comrades who remain are growing smaller day by day. Our heads are growing gray, and many of our comrades are growing feeble from age and exposure on the field of battle, while battling for the great principles of American liberty. As it will not be but a few years when there will be but two old soldiers - one who wore the blue and one who wore the gray - marching with sad and feeble steps to the cities of the dead on this sacred day, strewing the rose and the lily over the last one of their departed comrades, we of to-day cannot but realize that it is within ourselves to foster and keep green the memory of our heroic dead. As we grow old we fully realize that the heroism of the past in the early history of the Government almost looks mythical to us, but to-day we are building, by our devotion to the memory of our comrades, a monument that will last for ages in the hearts of future generations, who will look back with pride and shower blessings on their forefathers, who crowned themselves with a diadem of heroic deeds. Gone, but not forgotten; faded from view, but set like priceless jewels in the coronet of memory.

"Memorial day! How much is embraced in those two significant words! Each rising mound but marks the spot where some loved one sleeps. 'Somebody's darling lies buried there.' We have garlanded their graves and wreathed with flowers each soldier's narrow bed. One held aloft the stars and stripes, the other grasped, with equal heroism, the stars and bars. During the dark days of bloody strife those brave men faced each other on fields of death, which made mothers weep and orphans wail, till all this blessed land of ours was bathed in tears. But when the olive branch of peace spread its loving foliage o'er our land it dispelled the dark and gloomy clouds of war, and broke the ])right and glorious day once more, and then those surviving met each other face to face and smoked the pipe of peace in one eternal truce. While we to-day with loving hands were garlanding the graves of our departed comrades, we cannot help but feel that some sainted mother, long since gone beyond the great river of time, was spreading her angol wings over us in heavenly benediction on the loving services we were doing to the memory of some loving son, who sacrificed his life on the altar of his country. Our beautiful land has had its baptism, a baptism of blood, and we have come out cleansed and purified, and the soldier of America has risen like a Phcenix from the ashes of his desolation and has achieved almost the acme of national greatness, - but at what a sacrifice! To-day the soldier of the North and the soldier of the South mingle together their tears while paying tribute to the memory of the heroic dead, whose glory, whose memory is the common heritage of America. And may all the heroic dead, whose dust lies scattered over the battlefields and in many a flowery city of the dead, rest in eternal peace, and their spirits from the grand army above spread their loving wings over this land of peace, to secure which they, like the martyrs of old, laid down their lives on the altar of their country. The memory of a Grant, a Lee, a Mcl'herson, a

Jackson, a Logan and a Johnston is a common heritage to all, and the memorj of those illnstrious chieftains, who covered themselves with a mantle of glory contending for a principle which they believed to embody the grand principles of American liberty, belong to the bine and the gray alike.

"We, of to-day, have lived to see the animosities of the war die out, and the snowwhite dove of peace spreading her wings over a free, contented and happy people, and we see the soldiers and chieftains of both armies marching side by side to the music of a reunited brotherhood. We behold great Confederate leaders mourning at the death of great Union captains and soldiers of the Federal armies, and today the soldiers of the Union army are sorrowfully placing flowery chaplets on the graves of their brave and great opponents. To-day we have no North, no South, no East, no West, but one common country, one common object, i. e., the paying tribute to our heroic dead. Children of the same family, attending in our youth divine services in the same tabernacle, lisping loving words to the great God of love in our childhood at the same Sabbath-school, and finally separated in bloody strife by a bloody fratricidal war, we to-day feel that we are gathered once more around the old hearthstone, and worship the God of our forefathers, sheltered and protected by one common flag. That there should have been for a time heart burnings and sectional animosities is but natural ; but now there has come to us, through the light of a renewed prosperity, a greater tolerance and a deeper respect, a hope for a grand national future to be transmitted to our children - born, it may be true, from the echoes of thousands of marching feet, from the heroic courage of many a battlefield, from the lonely cot in many a hospital. History has written on many a page the heroic bravery of the sturdy son of the North and the impetuous son of the sunny South alike, and we of the blue and the gray, for ourselves and our children, can thank the God of love that from the chilly clime of Alaska to tiie flowery everglades of Florida, from the Atlantic to the Jb*acitic, we are one free, undivided and happy people, and reverentially kneel under one banner of universal liberty, and thank Divine Providence for our renewed prosperity and an unbroken Union. To you, my brothers and friends who wore the gray, I, who wore the blue, for myself and my old comrades in arms, can say with true and heartfelt sincerity that you have made a record for devotion to a principle, bravery on the field of battle and loyalty in time of peace that is worthy the emulation of the civilized world, and added an additional luster to the stars that illuminate the written and unwritten record of the American soldier; your record is ours and ours is yours, and when future generations look back your children and our children will have an equal pride in claiming that their forefathers were American soldiers.

brow of that greatest, that purest of God's great creation, whicli by the inacrnetisin of love throws tlie mantle of protection from the temptations wliicli surround the sterner sex, and, as in days of chivalry, to win whose love and approbation is the incentive to the great deeds of heroism which inspires the soldier to greater deeds of valor.

" Looking back a centnry ago, to the the mothers of the Revolution which gave liberty to millions of oppressed people, you see to-day, in this fourth generation, the same heroic fortitude and devotion that characterized the heroines of our early history. The heroism and bravery of the women who gave loving and brave encouragement to the American soldier during that terrible winter at Valley Forge has been transmitted to their children of the present generation, who are fit representatives of their heroic mothers. What soldier within the hearing of my voice can look back and not cherish the memory of some loving hand on the fevered brow of some comrade in arms, giving him words of encouragement and sympathy while lying wounded or helpless from disease in the hospital, while she lifted her hands in loving solicitude to the great father above, and lifting her eyes in heavenly benediction for the soul of some departed hero. History fails to record the equal of the women of America for heroic fortitude and moral bravery. Is it any wonder, then, that America should have produced a Washington, a Lee, a Grant, a a Jackson, a McPherson or a Johnston, and a host of other illustrious chieftains, when they drew from their mothers' breast the devotion to principle that has made every American woman a queen and every American a sovereign ? I see around me to-day the little ones who are the future mothers of a race of sovereigns, who, by the immutable law of nature, will vie with if not excel their forefathers. May God bless and protect the women of America, is the heartfelt and sincere prayer of every soldier.

"In conclusion, let us old soldiers, as was so eloquently and graphically described by Eev. Dr. Pierce yesterday in his memorial sermon, be able to say, when taps put out our lights and we hear tlie bugle call above, like St. Paul, 'We have made a good fight and are ready to depart.' Let us, while still in the field, bind in closer unity the bond of fraternal fellowship and keep pure and unsullied as the driven snow the great banner of liberty and the unbroken Union for which so much brothers' blood was shed, and the veterans of the North and the veterans of the South will be found side by side, workincr in fraternal harmony for our country's good, and cherishing and keeping green the memory of our departed comrades, leavino- such a memory as will be cherished and nurtured by the blessings of those we leave behind."

Mat 30, 1890

MAT 30, 1890. The Memorial day exercises at the Trinity cemetery on this occasion were a success. Promptly at 10 a m., the procession moved from the G. A. R. hall down Elm and up Main street. W. F. Cottman acted as marshal of the day.

At the cemetery, where a large concourse of citizens helped very materially to swell the throng already thereof theG. A. R. men, ex-Confederates and the woman's relief corps, the exercises were conducted in a hollow square around the G. A. R. cemetery lot, which is fourty-four feet square, raised about one foot above the surrounding ground, planted in Bermuda grass and surrounded by a row of brickwork live or six inches high.

The exercises which were had around this plat consisted first of the ritual programme of the Grand Army of the Republic, beginning the reading of general orders from national and department headquarters by the acting Adjutant for the day. Comrade E. G. Rust. An opening address by Commander J. M. Steere was followed by vocal music, " Rest, Spirit, Rest," by Messrs. Cole, Harris, Bolles and Cornett, a quartette of Dallas gentlemen, who kindly volunteered their voices for the occasion. Prayer was offered by Comrade Isaac B. Gibson, chaplain for the occasion. A volunteer bass solo by Mr. Cole followed this, and then the firing of the usual military burial salute by the Dallas light artillery, with music by the martial band.

The decoration of the soldiers' graves by the members of the woman's relief corps, assisted by the children, was a solemn and impressive ceremony, beautiful in design and execution. The graves numbered but five on the plat, and not only these, but every other old soldiers' grave in the cemetery was decorated, which had previously been designated by a miniature flag of the United States.

During all the exercises, two color-bearers occupied the center of the plat, with the stars and stripes and the flag of the George H. Thomas Post. The entire programme was carried out with precision and in good feeling, and the ex-Confederates present were pleased with what they saw and heard.

The line of march, going, was arranged to be on tiie street-car line leading to the cemetery, so that if an old soldier was compelled to fall out on the march the street car could carry him along.

The arrangement of the hollow square around the cemetery lot during the exercises gave all an opportunity to see the exercises and hear every word spoken. The quartette club, the burial salute and the military band added much to the occasion. Many ladies of Dallas were present and expressed themselves as pleased with the exercises.

After the singing of "America" by the entire audience present, the exercises closed to meet at the city park at 5 p. m. to hear the public speaking.

"Who could have told twenty-five years ago that on the plains of Texas would have assembled to-day men proud of their national pagtjs, who followed the standards of Grant and Logan and those that fought beneath the banners of Lee and Jackson? And yet it is so. We look into one another's faces to-day. We are no longer Federals and Confederates. We are the mightiest race of people into whose handa the God of the inevitable ever gave control of the destinies ol' nations or men, wrung from the Anglo-Saxon, Norman and Celts - a people born to rule wherever thej may be domiciled. I rejoice in the serenity of this day. 1 rejoice that a reunited people speak of Lincoln in words of blessing. Mothers whose eons yielded up their lives in the hopeless cause of the Confederacy owe their misfortune not to Lincoln, from whose lips an unkind or bitter word never sprung, whose heart in the midst of the most terrible and trying ordeal of war eternally and evermore overflowing with the milk of humanity. Whether in shedding tears over the remains of the gallant Ellsworth; or whether we hear the words of cheer he spoke to the men of the army of the republic on the Held of Gettysburg, Lincoln stands the same, a philosopher, statesman and hero. For myself, although I have turned the mile post of the history of life, I would shoulder arms again rather than see the chains of slavery put upon limbs. I would tight for the flag of my country again rather than see this union of states dissolved. I rejoice tiiat tlie institutions of slavery are dead. (Applause.) 1 rejoice that this is an indissoluble union of indestructible States, and I trust in God that it may always be perpetual to sliow to what lofty heights, what broad eminence, the Anglo- Sa.xon race under free institutions may attain.

" 1 rejoice, too, at our development. I rejoice that the little girls and boys of this generation are taught to reverence the graves of the fallen heroes of both armies. I rejoice in this because it keeps afresh in this country memories of the men and women of the heroic times of our war that ought not to perish. (Applause.) I regret that it could be found in the heart of any one to say that the sacrifices of the women of the North or South in the time of war should have been forgotten. (Applause.) I tell you that the spirit of the departed men of this country when they placed arms in the hands of their sons, and of the women who, with their own delicate hands and with their eyes bathed in tears, made the flag and gave it into tiie keeping of their sons, saying, 'Go, my boy, carry this flag where honor bids, and come back with it or upon it,' ought not to be forgotten. (Applause.)