Fillmore City Cemetery, 325 East 600 South, Fillmore

Source document Quoted word for word from HALS UT-3. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

The Fillmore City Cemetery s main gate is located at 325 East 600 South, Fillmore, Millard County, Utah. The cemetery occupies approximately acres bounded by 325 East Street on the west and 700 South Street on the south. The east boundary is at approximately 550 East and the north boundary at approximately 650 South.

Source document Quoted word for word from HALS UT-3. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

The Fillmore City Cemetery is significant at a local level as an active burial ground that links the city to its founders and its founding as Utah s territorial capital in The signature grid layout and use of local sandstone that distinguish the cemetery were established in the first phase of development and carried through the expansion and beautification phases in some form. The cemetery was established at a time when construction of the Territorial Statehouse was underway and early sessions of the Territorial Legislature were held in Fillmore. It is the only cemetery in Fillmore, and is therefore the final resting place of a number of the city s founders and early leaders. Other burials in the cemetery are linked to several controversial events in the early history of Fillmore.

The cemetery contains the graves of Captain John Gunnison, who was killed in the Gunnison Massacre, and of 14-year-old Proctor Robison whose death was cited as a catalyst for the Mountain Meadows Massacre by rumors of a spring supposedly poisoned by members of the Fancher Wagon Train. The Fillmore City Cemetery is significant as a typical Mormon colonial cemetery from the early period of settlement in Utah as well as for the variety and craftsmanship in headstone design. The location of the cemetery beyond the original town center, cardinal grid layout, and plantings of lawns and evergreen trees is consistent with that of early cemeteries in thirty-five other Mormon villages settled between and that were examined for comparison.

The design and development of these cemeteries reflect the adoption of cemetery design trends of Western Europe and the U.S. from the mid-19th century through the mid-20th century, and their adaptation and simplification by Mormon colonists living in a high desert environment with scarce resources. The Fillmore City Cemetery is a vernacular landscape that was expanded as more burial FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 2) plots were needed in an orderly manner following its initial cardinal grid layout. Individual graves are oriented east-west according to Christian custom. They are simple plots of grass marked only by headstones, with no curbing, fencing or tombs. A few larger monuments mark the graves of more prominent citizens.

The earliest gravestones of local sandstone showcase the skill of local stone masons who worked on the Territorial Statehouse. Marble and granite headstones adorn later graves. Landscape plantings are simple, consisting of lawns, evergreen trees (primarily along roads), scattered deciduous trees, and a few shrubs. The Fillmore City Cemetery retains a high degree of integrity, making it an excellent example of an early cemetery in a Plat of Zion Mormon colonial village.

Source document Quoted word for word from HALS UT-3. Not written, edited or summarised by this site.

Susan Crook, ASLA, RLA, IO Design Collaborative FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 3) PART I. HISTORICAL INFORMATION A. Physical History 1. Date of establishment: The settlement of Fillmore began on 28 October On 20 March Leroy King, the nineteen-month-old son of Thomas and Matilda King, died of scarlet fever. Narrative histories indicate his grave marked the beginning of the community s cemetery, located southeast of the settlement (Lyman, 2. Landscape architect, designer, creator: The Fillmore City Cemetery is a vernacular landscape that was expanded as more burial plots were needed. It is a typical Mormon colonial cemetery from the early period of settlement in Utah, laid out on a cardinal grid similar to the layout of Fillmore City.

One of the curiosities of cemetery development in Mormon villages is that there is no evidence of their having been planned as part of the Plat of Zion town layout.1 The design and development of these cemeteries reflect the adoption of cemetery design trends of Western Europe and the U.S. from the mid-19th century through the mid-20th century, and their adaptation and simplification by Mormon colonists living in a high desert environment with scarce resources. 3. Builder, contractor, laborers, suppliers: George Finlinson was appointed first sexton in The second sexton was Jesse Millgate who held the job for many years. John Davies, Murray Davies, and Orlo Bartholomew were sextons in succeeding years. (Day pp.

31, Willard Rogers was hired to make a map of the cemetery on 24 March which the city council accepted on 7 May for the contract price of He was paid $20 for another cemetery map delivered 13 May The council requested estimates for Theodore Rodgers to draw a new map on 17 September The sexton requested an updated cemetery map on 2 March showing the lots added in the previous six years. (Fillmore City) On 3 March Sexton John Davies asked the Fillmore City Council to buy tools for the cemetery and to repair the fence.

In a water settling tank was constructed at a cost of Records show that the city agreed to a WPA proposal on 4 December to install two sanitary toilets at the cemetery 1 Mormon town plans were based in varying degree on the Plat of the City of Zion envisioned by the Prophet Joseph Smith. The city was to be one mile square with ten-acre blocks each forty rods square. Streets were to be 132 feet wide. Farm fields were to be laid off around the platted town. While Smith s ideal plan was never implemented, Brigham Young used it as a general model for Mormon settlements across the west. (Peterson, p. 68) FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO.

UT-3 (Page 4) On 6 March the sexton reported to the council that monuments were encroaching on the alley ways, presumably the one-half rod walkways platted between the blocks. On 1 March the council acted on a report submitted by a cemetery review committee. After discussing the matter and getting acquainted with conditions a motion was approved that bids be received for moving of the east fence about four rods east to the section line, and that the north fence be taken down and re-built on the west and east lines, running about eight rods north. The council gave specifications for the fence in a meeting on 7 March The fence is to be constructed of five foot net wire with one strand of barbed wire on top.

Posts to be set 8 foot apart, 30 inches in the ground, well braced at corners, to be stapled every other wire, and to change wires at every post. Posts to be sawed off at the top about six inches above wire. City to furnish all material." Another improvement completed in was the graveling of the roads inside the cemetery. The road to the cemetery had been hand graded and repaired with help from the community in In with the help of the WPA, the city of Fillmore built a new water storage reservoir and laid a water line to the city cemetery that enabled the planting of trees and shrubbery there (Lyman, p. City Council Member Oscar Anderson suggested a major improvement to the cemetery in that his son Ronald recalled years later in an oral history interview.

Dad was on the town council in Fillmore and James A. Kelly was mayor then. They had started building the new City Building. Dad went to town council one night and asked Mr. Kelly, and the other council members if they would like to fix the cemetery and plant pine trees there. They said the city couldn't afford it. Dad asked if they would mind if he did it. They said if he did it, paid for it, and took care of the trees, that it was okay. (Stringham, P. 86) Anderson took on the challenge and planted 10-year-old pine trees (Colorado spruce) around the perimeter of the cemetery; he hand-watered the trees for many years to keep them alive.

On 23 February the city council held a special meeting to accept bids for a cemetery improvement project to construct water line tops for the present reservoirs. The following year a cattle guard was constructed at the cemetery entrance. No other improvements are recorded until when Orlo Bartholomew was advised to plant grass on half of the new cemetery plot. 4. Original and subsequent owners, occupants: The Fillmore City Cemetery has been owned by Fillmore City Corporation from its establishment on March 20, to the present. Fillmore City was incorporated on 13 February by act of the Utah Territorial Legislature signed by Territorial Governor Brigham Young (Lyman, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 5) 5. Periods of development a.

Original plans and construction: No formal plans were drawn for the earliest layout of the cemetery, although the site was surveyed to lay out lots on a grid. The cemetery was expanded as more burial space was needed following the original grid layout. The first known as-built plat was drawn in Fillmore City Council minutes show that updated plats were prepared in and b. Changes and additions: During the summer of a new section of the cemetery, Plat A, was surveyed just west of the first cemetery. The lots were one rod feet) square and four lots to the block with walks 8 feet 3 inches wide running north and south as well as east and west between the blocks, and a road two rods (33 feet) wide all around the cemetery.

The plat map also shows a road running north-south between the fourth and fifth columns of blocks. (Day p. 31) Plat A and the original parcel are known as the Pioneer Section. New sections and roads have been added immediately to the north, and then west, east and again to the north as the cemetery has expanded to its present size. The more recent sections added to the east and north sides of the cemetery follow the grid layout in a simplified version of the original plan without the paths between blocks. While the change may have been to gain more burial space and reduce maintenance costs, it also follows the general trend in cemetery design toward simplification, especially in municipal cemeteries with limited resources.

Maintenance workers and the public often assume that flat markers like those in the northern section were an innovation to make mowing easier. Sextons whose crews mow over flat markers soon discover to their dismay that they are more easily damaged than upright markers. In reality, they came into popular use as a result of early to mid-20th century Modernist memorial park design where the intent was to create vistas across expanses of lawn uninterrupted by upright monuments. Future expansions of the Fillmore City Cemetery may again allow upright markers if they continue to follow national trends. Improvements to the cemetery include the addition of a water storage tank with a waterline to the cemetery in that made possible the planting of rows of spruce trees.

The mature trees have made the cemetery a landmark visible from many miles away. The following year a cattle guard was constructed at the cemetery entrance. No other improvements are recorded until when Orlo Bartholomew was advised to plant grass on half of the new cemetery plot. The exact date that the piped sprinkler system was installed for irrigating lawns and plantings at the cemetery was not found, but presumably it was at about this time, or grass would not have been FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 6) planted. A ordinance to remove fences from cemetery lots could have been to expedite lawn mowing.

Beautification of the cemetery was noted with pride in the centennial history of Millard County published in The cemetery which used to be a desolate spot, is now becoming a thing of beauty, due to the efforts of Mayor Howard Johns and the city council. Evergreen trees have been planted all around the enclosure forming a beautiful background. An addition has been made to the cemetery, the whole of which has been enclosed in a new, attractive, weather-proofed iron fence. Ornamental shade trees and lawns have been planted, adding greatly to its beauty. Water has been piped from a spring and a settling tank built, which now supplies adequate water for maintaining growing things in the cemetery. The Fillmore Rose Club have a project of planting hybrid iris all around the enclosure.

Up to date, they have planted over four hundred iris. (Day, p. B. Historical Context 1. Founding of Fillmore as Utah s Territorial Capital On 4 October the Utah territorial legislature passed a joint resolution creating Millard County from a portion of Iron County known as "Pahvant Valley," and they named its county seat Fillmore City. This resolution also relocated the territorial capital to the new community and appropriated toward that effort. The city was named for U.S. President Millard Fillmore in recognition of his courage in appointing Brigham Young Utah's first territorial governor despite tensions over the practice of polygamy by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons). On 21 October two companies set out from Salt Lake City for the Pahvant Valley.

Brigham Young headed a delegation of lawmakers making the site selection of the territorial capital. The other company, a group of thirty families under the direction of Anson Call, was chosen to start the settlement. On 28 October territorial lawmakers selected a spot for Fillmore City along Chalk Creek on the hunting grounds of the Pahvant Indians, 150 miles south of Salt Lake City (Utah History Encyclopedia). The following day, after first marking the four wings of the statehouse, Jesse Fox began to lay off the town with the streets on a cardinal grid. Each ten-acre block had eight lots of one and a quarter acres with streets eight rods feet) wide. The territorial legislature met in Salt Lake City in February and approved a bill to incorporate the city of Fillmore.

The act, signed by Governor Brigham Young on 13 February designated the city s extent: beginning at the southeast corner of the public square at Main and Center Streets, it stretched three miles in each direction, a very large city, indeed, unless Governor Young really did intend to relocate much of Salt Lake City s population to Fillmore. (Lyman, pp. 45, A monumental statehouse was planned to be built to house the territorial government. Local red sandstone and native hand-hewn timbers hauled from Parowan were to be used FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 7) in its construction.

The first wing was completed for the fifth annual session of the Utah territorial legislature which convened in Fillmore on 10 December The sixth legislative session also met at Fillmore, but soon adjourned to reconvene in Salt Lake City. Because the development of southern Utah was slow and accommodations in Fillmore were inadequate, the capital was moved to Salt Lake City. The statehouse was never completed, but the first wing remains Utah's oldest governmental building and now serves as a state museum. (Utah History Encyclopedia) 2. Cemetery Design Trends The Fillmore City Cemetery is located on a flat site about miles southeast of downtown Fillmore.

Locating the cemetery outside of town is consistent with century burial practices in parts of New England, England and Europe that were influenced by both Calvinist religious reforms and the romantic landscape movement. In the communities of Colonial New England settled by Puritans, graveyards were perceived as secular. Early Puritans rejected churchyard burials as they rebelled against other "papist" practices. Instead, many century New England towns set aside land as common community burial grounds. The rural cemetery movement that saw park-like cemeteries developed outside of towns got underway in the United State in with the founding of Mount Auburn Cemetery, at Cambridge, near Boston by leaders of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon) was founded a year earlier in upstate New York. In addition to Calvinist burial grounds, early converts from New England, England and Europe would likely have been aware of the rural cemetery movement, which started at the beginning of the century in the Old World, particularly with the P re Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, established in Placing the Fillmore City Cemetery on a dry hillside above Chalk Creek made sense from a practical standpoint as well. Public health concerns in the century dictated that bodies, especially of those who died of communicable diseases, be buried away from cities and water sources.

It also made sense to locate the cemetery away from irrigable land needed for agriculture in a self-sustaining village with scarce resources. 3. Historical Figures Buried in the Fillmore City Cemetery Burials in the Fillmore City Cemetery include several of Fillmore s founders and leaders, the namesake of Holden, Utah, and Captain John C. Fremont, an Army surveyor and explorer of national importance. Several of the people buried in the Fillmore City Cemetery are associated with controversies in the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Josiah Call (12 August 5 October was a brother to Anson Call and head of one of the 12 original families that founded Fillmore.

Josiah was elected sheriff in the fall of a position he held until his death on 5 October when he and Samuel Brown were killed by hostile Indians while looking for an easier trail to move their cattle FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 8) downstream through Leamington Canyon). The remains of both men were buried in the Fillmore City Cemetery (Lyman, pp. 56, William Felshaw (3 February 24 September was a contractor and builder who worked as a carpenter on the Kirtland, Ohio, Nauvoo, Illinois, and Salt Lake City temples of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.

He was appointed superintendent over the construction of the territorial capitol building in and served in the territorial legislature in He and others traveled to Wyoming in to rescue the stranded Willie and Martin handcart companies (BYU). Fillmore residents elected him mayor in (Lyman, Chandler Holbrook (16 September 8 September one of the founders of Fillmore, was a surveyor who assisted Jesse Fox with the original survey of the city. He was a school trustee who also held the elected offices of notary public and surveyor. On 4 March he was chosen as one of five directors of the Fillmore branch of Zions Cooperative Mercantile Institution (ZCMI) with Thomas Callister as president (Lyman, p.

Elijah Edward Holden (27 March 7 September was a former Mormon Battalion member who settled with his family in Cedar Springs, a small village about 12 miles north of Fillmore. While returning from delivering a load of wool to Salt Creek (now Nephi) he and his young helper Thomas Bailey were caught in a blizzard that forced them to abandon their wagon. Holden attempted to carry Bailey to safety, but soon tired and left the boy by the side of the trail wrapped in his own jacket while he went for help. A rescue party found the frozen bodies of Holden and the boy on 8 September Cedar Springs was renamed Holden in his honor.

Elijah Holden was buried in an unmarked grave in the Fillmore City Cemetery next to his first wife and their daughter, both of whom died during the baby s birth in the spring of (Lyman p. 87) Captain John Gunnison (11 November 24 October a West Point graduate and nationally known surveyor and explorer, was laid to rest in the Fillmore City Cemetery after he and seven members of his survey party were killed by Pahvant Ute Indians in what became known as the Gunnison Massacre. Gunnison was assigned to lead a team of Army Corps of Topographical Engineers surveying along the thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth parallels for a possible transcontinental railroad route.

He had some familiarity with the Great Basin from having been a member of Captain Howard Stansbury s expedition to survey the Great Salt Lake and its vicinity in His arrival coincided with a period of tension between Indians and white settlers and emigrants that had resulted in several killings. He consulted with Anson Call in Fillmore about the situation. Despite the unrest, Gunnison remained confident in his relationship with the Indians and the Mormon settlers. He continued his survey, dividing his party into two groups. His smaller group was attacked just after sunrise on the morning of 24 October as the camp was preparing breakfast. Several men survived and made their way to the camp of the military detachment accompanying the expedition. A relief party FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO.

UT-3 (Page 9) was quickly organized and hurried to the massacre site to search for more survivors, but found none. The bodies of Gunnison and his Mormon guide William Washington Potter were carried back to Fillmore where Gunnison was buried. Potter s body was taken home to his family in Manti for burial. The rest of the victims were buried at the massacre site. (Lyman, pp. The controversy that swirled around the death of Proctor Robison who was buried in the Fillmore Cemetery after his death on 21 September continued through the century and has still not been put to rest in the century.

Local stories had suggested that the slaying of the Fancher party near Mountain Meadows in Washington County by Mormons masquerading as Indians was in retaliation for the supposed poisoning of a spring near Corn Creek in Millard County. After the Fancher wagon train passed by through in the summer of there were a number of deaths attributed to fouled water at the spring: several Indians, some cattle, and a 14-year-old boy named Proctor Robison, who skinned some of the dead cattle. One researcher concluded that Robison s symptoms were consistent with anthrax, which is easily transmitted to humans who come in contact with stricken animals. (Lyman, p.

89) The continuing controversy over the death of Robison led to the exhumation of his remains from his grave in the Fillmore City Cemetery in to check for evidence of anthrax. A summary of the exhumation report released by Robison s great-nephew Raymon Carling in November concluded with the following: The results of approximately one hundred soil samples taken from Proctor s grave were benign meaning that anthrax spores were not present. Neither was it detected in the analysis of bone samples taken from Proctor s body. There was in interval of 150 years between the time Proctor died and the time the soil samples were taken for analysis.

However, some scientists are of the opinion that this interval of time is too great, given the environmental condition in the Fillmore Cemetery, for anthrax to remain in this soil and that if it ever was present it could not be detected today. So, our efforts to try and determine if anthrax was responsible for Proctor s death were inconclusive. Amasa Lyman is another controversial person buried in the Fillmore City Cemetery. He was an early apostle of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints who had a falling out with church authorities and was later excommunicated. He was a founder of the Mormon settlement of San Bernardino, California, before moving to Fillmore where he operated several sawmills and a gristmill.

Not only did he disagree with church authorities, but actively organized against theocratic rule by becoming a leader of the Liberal party in Millard County in the (Lyman, pp. PART II. PHYSICAL INFORMATION FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 10) A. Landscape Character 1. Overall description The 12.6-acre Fillmore City Cemetery is located within the Fillmore City limits in an agricultural area southeast of downtown Fillmore. The cemetery is surrounded by fields and undeveloped land on a flat plain near the foothills of the Pahvant Mountains to the east. The Pahvant Valley stretches toward the horizon to the west. The main entrance to the cemetery is at its northwest corner and is marked by sandstone veneered pillars.

The cemetery is laid out on a cardinal grid similar to the layout of Fillmore City, albeit with smaller blocks and narrower streets. The linear design is reinforced by rows of evergreen conifers at the perimeter of the main roads. These trees can be seen from the distance, making the cemetery a highly visible landmark. The oldest sections of the cemetery are distinguished by the use of local red sandstone for headstones, pavers and corner markers. The newer sections have marble and granite grave markers. All of the graves in the two most recently-developed sections on the west and north sides of the cemetery have flat markers. The earliest gravestones are a simple tablet style with lettering only.

More elaborate styles, including stelae, with ornamentation in addition to lettering can be seen in the marble gravestones dating from the early century. Footstones as well as headstones mark some graves, but there is a marked absence of ostentation among the gravestones, with the reserve and modest means of most of the cemetery s inhabitants reflected in their final resting places. 2. Character Defining Features and Spatial Organization a. Vegetation The entire cemetery grounds are green and manicured. Turfgrass covers the gravesites. Rows of Colorado spruce trees border the exterior of the perimeter roads and the outsides of the roads between the center sections and the east and west sections.

A number of shade and ornamental trees and shrubs are scattered among the lots, blocks, and gravesites. A piped sprinkler irrigation system provides water to the plantings. The undeveloped land to the south is sparsely vegetated with native grasses, forbs and shrubs, and gives an idea of the stark appearance of the cemetery before water was available to sustain ornamental plantings. b. Topography The Fillmore City Cemetery is located on a flat 12.6-acre site with farm fields on the north, east and west. The land south of the cemetery is also flat, but shows no signs of cultivation. c. Views and vistas FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO.

UT-3 (Page 11) There are sweeping vistas toward the Pahvant Valley to the west and the Pahvant Mountain Range to the east across the farm fields that border the cemetery s north, east and west sides. d. Layout The rectangular cemetery parcel is oriented along an east-west axis and is laid out in a grid pattern of blocks measuring 2 rods (33 feet) square. Each block is subdivided into 4 lots measuring one rod feet) square. Each lot contains 8 individual grave sites in 2 rows of 4 with the long axes oriented east-west. The cemetery is 12 blocks wide north to south by 22 blocks long east to west at its greatest extent.

The roads in the cemetery follow the grid layout and divide it into 7 main sections, which are surrounded by the roads except the northernmost section which has no roads on its north and east sides. The northernmost section is 17 blocks east-west by 2 blocks north-south. Continuing clockwise, the easternmost section is 2 blocks east-west by 9 blocks north-south, the northeast-central section is 7 blocks east-west by 2 blocks north-south, the southeast- central section is 7 blocks east-west by 8 blocks north-south, the southwest central section is 9 blocks east-west by 8 blocks north-south, the northwest-central section is 9 blocks east-west by 2 blocks north-south, and the westernmost section is blocks east-west by blocks north-south.

A small 8th section of 4 blocks running east-west is located south of the perimeter road in the southwest corner of the cemetery. e. Circulation The circulation system consists of asphalt-paved primary roads and grass-covered secondary pathways one-half rod (8 feet 3 inches) wide. The pathways occur between each row and column of blocks in all but the northernmost and easternmost sections of the cemetery. Red sandstone pavers are set into the grass between some of the blocks in the south central sections. The paved width of the asphalt roads is about 18 feet, except the road between the north and south central sections of the cemetery, which is about 9 feet wide.

Most of the secondary paths between the blocks are covered with turfgrass and are almost indistinguishable from the burial plots. Split red sandstone pavers varying from 12- 16 inches in width and length are set into the paths at 2-block intervals north-south and 3-block intervals east-west in the south central sections of the cemetery f. Buildings and structures An 8-foot long by 5-foot wide open-ended wooden information kiosk with a burial directory on the north inside wall and a map of the cemetery on the south inside wall is located at the northwest corner of a 12-foot by 16-foot wooden storage shed on the FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 12) north side of the road at the intersection of the diagonal entrance driveway with the road surrounding the west central sections.

A 30-foot by 40-foot metal shed surrounded by a 90-foot by 140-foot asphalt pad was installed in adjacent to the north side of the road around the easternmost section of burial plots. The information kiosk and wooden shed are also recent, but their construction dates are unknown. None of the three structures are contributing features. An asphalt driveway curves westerly from the northwest corner of the asphalt pad to a soil storage area. A double-track dirt road continues west from the driveway past a 35-foot diameter water tank and tees into 325 East Street about 90 feet north of the main cemetery gate. g. Small-scale elements i. Fences. The cemetery is surrounded by a field wire fence topped by a single strand of barbed wire supported by T-posts.

The use of field or net wire fencing topped by barbed wire is a historical feature dating to but it was originally supported by wooden posts rather than metal T-posts. This type of wire fencing is authentic and contributes to the integrity of the cemetery. ii. Gates. The main entrance gate of black ornamental metal is attached to the back or inside of pillars veneered with local red sandstone in a random ashlar pattern, topped by light gray precast concrete caps. Black carriage lamps are centered on the front (northwest) side of each pillar with the tops about eight inches below the pillar caps.

The 6 1/2-foot-tall pillars adjacent to the diagonal driveway are connected to the 5 1/2-foot outer pillars by a 4-foot by 4-foot section of black ornamental metal fence on the west and a pedestrian gate of the same dimensions on the east. An 8-foot wide by 4-foot tall monument sign with the cemetery name is attached to the shorter pillar on the east side. The black lettering of the sign is set off against a white stucco background framed by the same sandstone veneer as the pillars. While the main entrance uses local sandstone in keeping with the historic character of the cemetery, it was installed in and is a non- contributing feature. A gated cemetery service entrance is located at the north end of 500 East Street near the entrance to the electrical substation.

The gate is made of two panels of white-painted square steel tubing welded to spell Fillmore City Cemetery. The word CITY is split in half at the top center of the gate panels, with FILLMORE sweeping up from the outside bottom of the west panel and CEMETERY dropping from the inside top to the outside bottom of the east panel. Straight vertical pickets and a series of three diagonal cross-pieces angling up toward the center support the lettering. The tops of the outside frames curve down about two-thirds out from the center so the outsides of the top sections are about a foot lower than the centers. This gate was originally installed as a or Eagle Scout project as the main gate at the west end of the north cemetery FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO.

UT-3 (Page 13) road at either side of a cattle guard dating from While this gate demonstrates local vernacular craft, it is also a non-contributing feature. iii. Curbing. The roads typically merge into the edge of the lawn with formed concrete curbing only on the inside of the road at the four corners bordering the central sections. iv. Section Markers. There are sandstone corner markers approximately 2 inches to 3 inches square and at least 12 inches deep set flush with the ground at the intersection of some blocks in the Pioneer Section. It is likely they were placed at the corners of all of the blocks in this section, but only a few are readily visible. It is assumed that the others have sunk or have been removed or damaged. v. Monuments.

The two large south-central sections of the cemetery are the oldest, and are known as the Pioneer Section. Fillmore City Council minutes indicate the east central section was platted first. The oldest headstones marking individual gravesites in the Pioneer section are of local red sandstone in the upright rectangular tablet style. Some of these headstones are severely weathered and others have sunk into the ground. There are also markers of marble in this section, some in the simple tablet style and other more elaborate stelae. These were probably carved by Peter Lorenzo Brunson, a local stone carver who sold and carved marble grave markers. Later granite gravestones in both upright and flush styles are interspersed among the older stones, some replacing earlier stones lost to weathering.

The two smaller central sections north of the Pioneer Section were developed after the larger sections, but follow the same layout with one-half rod paths between each row and column of blocks. The gravestones are similar to those in the Pioneer Section, with a mix of older and newer stones in marble and granite, both upright and flush. The Flagpole Section directly west of the Pioneer Section was developed next and was also laid out with paths between blocks. It contains monuments and gravesites associated with World War II. The gravestones in this section are all made of granite set flush in a concrete border on grade with the lawn. The E or East Section was laid out after the Flagpole Section. It is about half full of graves with mostly upright headstones of granite.

The newest section is the area extending east-west along the north portion of the cemetery. It is known as the Flat Section and contains in-ground or flat granite monuments. The use of flat monuments has often been misconstrued and adopted as a functional innovation to make lawn maintenance easier. It was actually devised to give cemeteries designed in the memorial park style a sleeker, flowing look that fit in with the art deco and modernism movements of the early to mid-twentieth century. The FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 14) blocks in these two later sections abut each other with no paths between in keeping with the simpler style. PART III. SOURCES OF INFORMATION A. Unpublished Sources Carling, Ramon W.

Proctor Hancock Robison: Report on the Exhumation of His Body, November 11, Unpublished, copy on file with Fillmore City. Fillmore City Council Minutes. Fillmore City Archives. Kelly, John. Fillmore City Ordinance Book, (handwritten, unpublished). Fillmore City Archives. B. Published Sources BYU Biographical Registers: William Felshaw. Day, Stella Huntsman, and Sebrina C. Ekins, comps., One Hundred Years of History of Millard County (Milestones of Millard), Springville, Utah: Art City Publishing Company, Lyman, Edward Leo, and Linda King Newell. A History of Millard County, Utah Centennial County History Series. Salt Lake City: Utah State Historical Society, Peterson, Gary B. and Lowell C. Bennion. Sanpete Scenes: A Guide to Utah s Heart.

Eureka, Utah: Basin/ Plateau Press, Potter, Elisabeth Walton and Beth M. Boland, Guidelines for Nominating and Registering Cemeteries and Burial Places. Washington, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service Interagency Resources Division, National Register of Historic Places, Stringham, Cami M., ed., The Oscar Anderson and Agnes Nordfors Story by Kathy Stringham. Spanish Fork, Utah: J Mart Publishing Company, Utah History Encyclopedia online: Utah Territorial Capitol, Inventory/ Nomination Form. National Register of Historic Places, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 15) Warrum, Noble, Charles W. Morse and W. Brown Ewing. Utah Since Statehood, Historical and Biographical, Volume IV. Chicago-Salt Lake: The Clarke Publishing Company, Digitized online:

Part Iv. Project Information

The Fillmore City Cemetery HALS was prepared by IO Design Collaborative LLC for Fillmore City Corporation, with funding from a Certified Local Governments matching grant and Fillmore City Corporation. Zoning Administrator Lisa Crosland was the project manager and contact at Fillmore City. Shalae Larsen, ASLA, RLA, was the project principal and photographer, with Susan Crook, ASLA, RLA, as project historian. FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 16) PHOTO PAGES Photo key showing image number, location, and view direction (IO Landscape Architecture, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 17) 1. View from outside the northwest corner of the cemetery looking southeast towards main entry gates (Shalae A. Larsen, 2.

View from the intersection of the northern and second-from westernmost internal cemetery drives, looking southeast across cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 18) 3. View from the northernmost (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive looking south along the middle (north-south oriented) cemetery drive (Shalae A. Larsen, 4. View from the intersection of the northern and second-from-easternmost internal cemetery drives, looking southwest across cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 19) 5. View from second-from-easternmost (north-south oriented) looking west along the middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive (Shalae A. Larsen, 6.

View from second-from-easternmost (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking west along the northernmost (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 20) 7. View from second-from-easternmost (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking west along the middle (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 8. View from the intersection of the second-from-easternmost (north-south oriented) and southernmost (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drives, looking south through the iron utility access gate (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 21) 9.

View from the intersection of the second-from-easternmost (north-south oriented) and southernmost (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drives, looking northwest across cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, 10. View from the southernmost (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking north along the easternmost (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 22) 11. View from the intersection of the southern (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive looking north along the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive (Shalae A. Larsen, 12. View from the southern (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking north along the middle (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A.

Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 23) 13. View from the southern (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking north along the western (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 14. View from the intersection of the southern (east-west oriented) and the second from western (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drives, looking northeast across cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 24) 15. View from the second from western (north-south oriented) cemetery drive, looking east along the southern (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 16. View from the second from western (north-south oriented) cemetery drive, looking east along the middle (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A.

Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 25) 17. View from the second from westernmost (north-south oriented) cemetery drive, looking east along the northernmost (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 18. View from the intersection of the second-from-westernmost and middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drives, looking southeast across the cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 26) 19. View from the middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking south along the western (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 20. View from the middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking south along the middle (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A.

Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 27) 21. View from the middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking south along the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive (Shalae A. Larsen, 22. View from the middle (east-west oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking south along the eastern (north-south oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 28) 23. View from the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking west along the northern (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 24. View from the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking east along the northern (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO.

UT-3 (Page 29) 25. View from the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking west along the middle (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, 26. View from the middle (north-south oriented) internal cemetery drive, looking east along the middle (east-west oriented) sandstone cart path (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 30) 27. View of monument marking the burial site of Captain John W. Gunnison (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 31) 28. View of monument for Elijah Holden, who is buried in an unmarked location somewhere in the cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 32) 29. View of monument marking the burial site of Robison Proctor (Shalae A. Larsen, 30.

View of monument marking the burial site of Josiah Call (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 33) 31. View of monument for Charles Hopkins, who is buried in an unmarked location somewhere in the cemetery (Shalae A. Larsen, 32. View of monument marking the burial site of William Felshaw (Shalae A. Larsen, FILLMORE CITY CEMETERY HALS NO. UT-3 (Page 34) 33. View of monument marking the burial site of Amasa Lyman (Shalae A. Larsen, 34. View of monument marking the burial site of Chandler Holbrook (Shalae A. Larsen,