Sauk County, Wisconsin - The whole text, 1861 (part 5 of 13)

In 1819, Mr. Rollson, with his eldest son, to partly satisfy a roving disposition, made a visit to Colechester, where he married his first wife. He found one of his children, a daughter, who had grown up and married John Barry, who had then a son, Don Carlos (first settler of Reeds'burg). Carl was sent to inform an aunt, and it so happened that his grandmother was present. They could hardly make out by the boy who had come, and they went with much curiosity to see. The old first loves recognized each other, and met in the door. Each had supposed the other dead: each had married a second time and each had three children, and the lawful partner of each wras dead. How singular was the meeting! So excited was he that lage drops of sweat stood upon his forehead. They were botlj overjoyed and almost overpowered. In a short time they were re-united in marriage after a separation of seventeen years. In a few years after this event Mr. Tlollson died, and finally Mrs. Rollson came to her granddaughter. Mrs. T. Shepard, on Copper creek, in the town of Iteedsburg, Sauk county, where, in two or three years afterwards, she died. The daughter of Mrs. Rollson, old lady Barry, mother of Don Carlos Barry and Mrs. Shepard, is now living near Kilbourn City. She is eighty-two years old and very smart; during the last year she has woven in her hand loom upwards of 200 yards of cloth.

More romance. - Another re-union of first plighted faith occurs with a great granddaughter of Mrs. Rollson, daughter of D. C. Barry. In 1840, Almira hired out to team from Omaha to Salt Lake City; from there lit1 went to California. Although writing to his wife often she received not his letters and of a consequence lie received no answers. The sixth year after his absence she applied for and obtained a divorce. Three years from this time ('making nine years of absence), Munger returned and again the hymenial knot was tied between them.

Plussed. - Our old first settler of Reedsburg has two interesting pairs of twins in his family - first, daughters, Alice and Agnes; second, sons, Edgar and Edward. On the first clay of the year 1SG8, these daughters were married - Agnes to Albert Miner, Alice to George Diggins, cousins. These; cousins were partners in business; each set up keeping house in the same building on the same day. The sons at this date (lb72) are about seventeen years old.

D. C. Barry is. and always has been, a pleasaiit man, full of life, and a man of strongly marked character, of a restless, roving disposition. He made several different settlements in Sauk county. He went to California, gold hunting, and came back; after a few years he went to Pikes Peak on the same errand and came back. When the great rebellion broke out. out of duty and probably more out of the wild excitement it afforded, lie enlisted to help put it down. This was purely from choice as his age cleared him from military duties, lie was of strong democratic proclivities from beginning to end, and to the present time.

Interest?: nr/ {to Mm if Collected). - A few years ago Mr. Barry's attention was drawn to a notice published in a New York paper that there was a certain sum of money in tile hands of the Court of Chancery, in England, for the heirs, if living, in America, describing thetpast history of his family so accurately that lie determined to write to England and see if he would get an answer. He received an answer and wrote to his mother. " I have received a letter from England by last mail. There is a large estate laying unclaimed'in the court of chancery, in England, for the heirs of Patrick Barry, who are in America, and they offer to collect it for 10 per cent. I send yon a copy.

Patrick Barry was an Irishman who came to this country when he was young. In 1774 he married Lucretia \Vestover. and 'lived with her about a year in Sheffield, Massachusetts, teaching a school. There, however, he was mistrusted by the inhabitants as acting the part of a spy to the British government, He tofd his wife he was' rich and wished her to go to England with him. which she refused to do. He left rather summarily and was not after heard from. About two months after his departure his wife had a child born, which she named John, who grew up and married Hannah, daughter of Mrs. Diantha Rollson. I>. C. Barry and Mrs. T. Shepard were the fruits of this marriage.

Seven years after the departure of Patrick Barry his wife obtained a divorce and married Dubartius Willard, who was the father of the t; Willard boys/' Edward and George, who, in company with I). C. Barry, built the "upper mill" at Baraboo, *in 1?44, who are so well known in the Baraboo valley.

D. C Barry is again in a new country, O'Brien Co., Iowa. His family "are all settled about him. and yet we are informed he is not contented.

Is located on sections 9 and 10, T. 12 X., R. 4 E., on the Baraboo river and Chicago .1' Northwestern railroad. 10 miles from Baraboo, r>2 miles from Madison by rail, Hi miles from Kilbourn City, which is the nearest point to the Milwaukee and La Crosse railroad, and 30 miles to the Prairie du Chieu railroad at Spring- Green.

The site of the village in a state of nature was an unpleasant, marshy bottom land backed by sand hills covered with a growth of scrubby black oak timber. The beautiful surrounding country could not be viewed from the plat. Yet, forsooth, Jove decreed that a Burg should here spring up that would dry the marshes, level the hills and supplant the rose for the tag alder.

It is no disparagement to a place to say they have "grappled the bull by the horns." There were two important reasons for selecting this point for a village site. First, here was an old Indian ford, the river having a rock bottom which formed a good base to construct a dam upon . Second, the basins of several creeks pointed here as a center to which trade would flow when the country settled up. Time has settled the question of the judgment of its early founders.

We can safely say that there is no place of the same number of inhabitants in the state of Wisconsin considering its facilities for commerce and trade that has done a larger and more lucrative business than this place.

u In 1847. a person, whose name to me is now unknown, came up to Sauk county, discovered the iron mines and returned to Big Foot prairie, where he was taken sick and died. Prior to his death he communi rated to D. C. Reed his discovery. Mr. Reed immediately came up, entered 200 acres including the mines; also, the southwest quarter of section 10, T. 12 N., R. 4 E., it being now that portion of Reedsburg that lies south of Main street. Caleb Croswell, then of Delavan, and a Mr. Powell became interested with Mr. Reed and in 1848 the improvement of the water power was commenced. A grist and saw mill were erected. A Mr. Yan Bergen became interested in the property with Reed. The interest of all these parties Anally passed into the hands of Reed, who became heavily involved. He sold his interest to J. Mackey in August, 1853; said Mackey moved on with his family in May, 1854, arriving here about the 1st of June. J. Mackey sold an interest in the property to his brother Sailbrd in 1854. In 1855 to E. Mackey an interest. Included in the above purchase was the 200 acres of what is now Ironton, embracing the ore bed, also about 600 acres of pine lands. The iron lands were sold to Jonas Tower in 1855. The first grist and saw mill was burned on December 8th, 1800.' In 1S61 the new mills, 40xG0 feet and live stories high, now standing, were erected by the Messrs. Mackey. The quarter section north of Main street was entered for Mr. Reed by A. Mott, of New York, and a contract taken for same by 1). C. Reed, afterwards transferred to A. EL Irving. Mr. J. Mackey, on purchasing interest of Reed, secured a deed of same, including prior lands from said Irving.

The Mackey grist mill has four run of stone, and is capable of flouring about 12,000 bushels of wheat in a year. For the past years it has done custom work entirely. G. Bellenger, an accomplished builder and millwright, built the mill.

W. J. Carver, Harmon Carver; Theodore L. Hansen & Co.; J. V. Kelsey; Peter Byrne. Groceries - A. F. Leonard; S. J. Dearholt & Co., groceries and clothing. Boots and Shoes - Paul Bishop. Furniture Store -

Reedsbnrg has received the benefit of a newspaper at three different periods. The first for about a year. The Herald, was published 185(5-7, by C. Lohman; TteFree Press, in 1860-1, by N. V. Chandler. The Free Press, re-established by N. V. Chandler in 1872, and now stands on a firm footing, and is what Reedsbnrg has ever needed. It is the soul of the place. An intellectual elevation of 1,000 feet above the "Mud CM." A profitable investment for the town; a "sheet anchor" to commerce; a desideratum.

The first postofBce was established in the village in 1840; Horace Crosweli appointed postmaster. The mail was supplied from Baraboo for some five years, and carried once a week, most of the time by a man on foot. In 1854 A. II. Clark put on a tri-weekly stage between Reedsburg and Baraboo, which was continued until the La Crosse railroad was built, since which time the mail was supplied from Kilbourn City six times a week.

Caleb Crosweli. brother of Horace, was elected member of the state Assembly from Reedsburg, for Sauk county, in 1850. A. West, for the north Assembly district of Sauk county in 1857, and Eli O. Rudd in 1850.

The first physician and M. D. was R. G. Williams, who came in the fall of 1850. The second, Samuel Ramsey, who came in the fall of 1853. The third, D. X. Hunt, 1854. The fourth. E. R. Mackey, 1855.

The first lawyer was the Hon. E. G. Wheeler, who came in May, 1850. The second, Joseph Mackey, in the spring of 1854. The third, Giles Stephens. * The fourth Wm. Miles.

The first tavern was owned by John Clark, a temperance house, opened 1850. The Alba House, 40x02 was built by Alba B. Smith, 185G. The Mansion House, by E. R. Mackey and D. C. Reed, 30x60, 1856.

Record Of Reedsburg In The War

Reedsburg has a record of which she need not be ashamed and too valuable to lose. It will pass into history. It ought now to be collected, and put in form to be preserved, before it is lost from the memory of man.

There enlisted from this town, so far as I can ascertain, one hundred and forty persons. One went who was drafted. Others was drafted who commuted three hundred dollars.

Of those who volunteered, one hundred and eleven entered the service during the first year of the war, when they received no other bounty than that paid by the United States, which was one hundred dollars.

Most of those who entered the service at a later period, were too young to be enlisted at the commencement of the war. As near as I can ascertain, this was true of about four-lifths.

Of those who entered the service as commissioned officers from this town, Capt. R. M. Strong was promoted to Lieut. Colonel; Lieut. Henry A. Tator to Captain; Lieut. A. A.Ellinwood to Captain: 2d Lieut. Jas. W. Lusk to 1st Lieutenant; Serg. John A. Coughran was also promoted to 2d Lieutenant; and Serg. Chas. A. Chandler to 2d Lieutenant; the latter was appointed Captain but not mustered.

It has been no easy matter to obtain the names of of all of our soldiers, together with the regiment in which they were mustered. I have done the best I could to make a correct list. My inquiries have been numerous. After all, it may not be perfect. Some names may have been overlooked that ought to have been set down to us. If any person knows of such, they will please oblige me by forwarding them to me at once, together with their regiment, and if they were veterans say so.

Many families changed their residence just as the war commenced, and in some cases it is impossible to ascertain the exact time of their removal. For this reason, perhaps a wrong credit may have been given in two or three instances.

Thirty-three lost their lives - eight of them were killed in action, rive died of wounds incurred in battle, one by accident and nineteen by disease.

Of these, eight lost their lives, most of them in battle after their re-enlistment. From this town there entered the arm}', six fathers with one son each, two fathers with two sons each, and one father with three sons. There went al so, twenty pairs of brothers. In addition to this, there were live instances where three brothers went from a family, and in one case four; making seventy-nine in all, who stood in relation of father, son and brother to each other.

This case is probaly without a parallel in a town of twelve hundred inhabitants in the entire land, where they entered the army voluntarily, and shows how very heartily fathers and sons and brothers threw themselves into the work of saving the nation in the hour of danger.

The following individuals volunteered in the army. Those who removed their families here before they were sworn into the service of the United States, I have credited to this town:

The Dead Of Reedsburg

There appears to be no list of those from this town, who fell in the late war, yet made oat. Believing it to " be due to the memory of those who sacrificed their lives in defence of their country, as well as to the future historian of the town that such a record be made, I have taken considerable pains to perfect one. This has required a good deal of labor, some of the names not appearing in the Adjutant General's report of our dead, and others being mis-spelled. It is possible that 1 have failed to report all; if so, let any person having a knowledge of the fads send to me, and I will add to this list/' Wm. Miller, enlisted from Winfield, but removed his family from this town. Hugh Collins audJ. Wesley, Dickens died after their discharge, from disease contracted in the army, three families lost two each: Collins, father and son; and Miles and Pitts two sons each.

After the following names, k stands for killed in action, w for died of wounds and d for died of disease. The number before the name indicates the regiment.

Infantry Cavalry

From this "list, we find that Reedsburg lost a larger number than any one supposed, being about one-foimh of all who enlisted. Of these, eight were killed, six died of wounds, and eighteen of disease. The 19th, Regiment took more from this town than any other, and consequently lost more.

Henry Bulow, was murdered, with all the Regimental Band of the 3d Cavalry, after surrender, and their bodies thrown under the band wagon and burned, by order of the infamous Quantrel, who, with 5U0 rebels, were disguised in Federal uniforms.

The Rev. S. A. Dwinnell, is at the present time publishing a series of articles, in the Reedsburg Free Press, of the "Record of Reedsburg, in the War of the Rebellion." There are many personal incidents related that are verv interesting to a Reedsburgan in particular. It would be a pleasure to see it in pamphlet or book form.

To the Rev. S. A. Dwinnell, we are much indebted for a large amount of matter for this sixth, or Reedsburg sketch; also, we are indebted for communications from, Rev. Robt. Longley, Methodist; Z. D. Barber, Baptist; Wm. Lusk, Presbyterian; W. Shumway, Christian; August Rohrback, Lutherian ; and to Moses Young, on benevolent societies. - W. H. C.

On 2d page, 3d p.irrtixiiipli, vih line, rear'. L. Gay Pperry. Same page and paragraph, lltli line should read - Tito town of Maistou was organized out of the towns of Keedsburg and Eagle, in 1S52, and comprised the present towns of Washington, Irouton, Lav all e and Woodland. Same paragraph, 13th line should read (here and elsewhere) John II. Rork. Fourth paragraph,' 1st line should read (here and elsewhere) J. L. Creep.

On 3d page, under date of 1551, should read - Supervisors, John H. Rork, John Fosnot and S. Mackey. .Under date of 1857 the name of Henry W. Audi-its should read (here and elsewhere; 11. W. Andrews. Under date of 1S6I, 11.' Palmer should read II. Parker. Under date of 1864, M. A. Cochran should read J. A. Coughran.

The following are the town officers for 1S72': ' A'. P. Ellinwood, supervisor-; D. R. Kellogg, cleric: A. F. Leonard, treasurer; Wm. Andrews, assessor. - . Census of 1570 should, read - 1,030. , -

Page 17, second paragraph, -3d line, read L.- 15. Swallow. Third paragraph, 3d line, read bride's brother. Under -date 1S48, read Ben}. Thorn, Orson S. Ward, John II. Rork. Under' date ISi'), read Dennis Bishop. John Fosnot settled here Nov. 15, 1552. His sons, Joseph and John, are now heads of families. Under date 1550, L. B. Carver should be omitted, and the name of John D. Sanford appear under this head. Under date of 1554 should have been inserted James and David Miles - insert before C. S. Hunt the name of A. 0. Hunt. Under date 1555, after J. F. Danforth, read O. L. Henderson.

Nov. 1st, 1572. - It is now nearly a year since Reedsburg has had railroad advantages. Since the baptism, several business houses have been added, old ones enlarged, many small dwellings and shops and several line suburban residences have been built, additions to the village plot made, streets improved, and graded and extended, two new church buildings erected and finished, (Methodist and Baptist' - making live Hue houses of worship here. There is a large and commodtns sc lipid house, arranged for three departments. It has a very comfortable hotel, a saw mill, a Lrnst and flouring mill, run by water, and a tight barrel stave factory by steam. At the R. It. Depot grounds there is a passenger depot and a freight depot, a well, water tank, and double wind-mill, two warehouses and a stock-yard.

Joseph Mackey has my sincere thanks for Direct assistance rendered and encouragement given to the complication of this Sketch. Also, Jerry Harnhart has my best regards for favors bestowed.

Excelsior

UpHE north half of the territory now called Excel- ^P sior was originally a part of the old town of Barnboo; the south half was included in the old town of Eagle. The north half by act of the county board Xov. 14th, 1850, was set off to Dellona when that town was organized ; the south half was set off to Freedom Dec. I lth, '850. This territory thus made twain was re-united Dec. 10th, 1857, by act of the county board, and named Excdxior. The territory it includes may be described as township number twelve north, range number five east of the fourth principal meridian. A square congressional town containing 'MS sections or square miles.

About eight square miles in the north-east corner of the town lies in the valley of Dell Creek. This stream, together with its branches and small marshes, abundantly waters this basin. he land is a sandy loam ; in some places clay predominates. As a whole, it cannot be called a rich soil, yet it is sufficiently so to support a thriving class of farmers. Its primitive timbered condition was oak openings. White, red, black and burr oak, and poplar, were the chief timbers.

The ridge that divides the waters of Dell Creek from the Baraboo river at the north edge of the town, is narrow aud from 200 to 300 feet high, and crooked like a worm fence with a south-east trend for about four miles, where it branches into two wide arms, sufficiently broad for farms to be made upon their tops. The soil is a heavy clay, with white and red oak, hickory and poplar timber. The one arm keeps its south-east course, forming the northern shed of the Baraboo valley; the other turns off at right angles across the Baraboo valley, closing it up like an immense dam with but a narrow opening for the channel of the river to pass through. This is called the Upper Narrows of the Baraboo River. In its narrowest place the canvon cannot be more than 2o»> feet wide upon the bottom. Average width about 400 feet, length § - f a mile. This gorge is much visited to view its wild and romantic scenery. Either end of the opening is sand rock, which lays upon the outer side of the bluff ; the central portion is (juartzite, large portions of which is very crystaline. It is, however, difficult to obtain satisfactory specimens of large and fully Organized crystals. They are beautiful, as we peep into their geodic chambers and see their many faces that absorb and reflect li^ht, beautiful, sparkling gems as they are. They tempt the student's hammer to detach a portion of the rock containing them for a place upon his center table or in his cabinet.

But in this operation a disappointment is sure to follow. When separated the fragments look insignificant and poor. Large masses are beautiful, but hand specimens are poor. Quite a large portion of this gorge, from top to bottom, is of this frothy crystalline quartzite. As is the character of this rock elsewheie, you here see the bold, perpendicular, flinty faces, spires, towers, obelisks, slabby walls of giddy heights standing in the debris of sharp, angular fragments, in which, in places, grow deciduous and evergreen trees. In the deep shades of these cliffs. Falcons dart from their cliif-nt'sts, uttering screams that vibrate among the rocks. With such surroundings we can but involuntarily meditate and adore. Here we find trees, shrubs, and flowers not common to the neighborhood, except in like positions. 1 ne hemlock, upright and trailing ; mountain ash, savin, juniper, both upright and trailing; white and yellow birch, with many varieties of mosses arid lichens.

One and a half miles south-west of the narrows of the Baraboo river, in the same trend of bluff, are the Narrows of Narrows Creek, which break through this -great quartzite ridge at right angles with its trend and presents similar characteristics of the Narrows of the Baraboo river. One mile farther to the south west this great cross bluff joins the Baraboo and Wisconsin rivers' divide.

West of the Dell Creek divide, and north of the Narrows cross bluff, there is about 13 sections of land of rather a poor quality, with the exception of that portion south of the Baraboo river, of about one section, known as the Ohio settlement. Here the land is rich, and was originally covered with a growth of heavy timber. In this heavy timbered forest I noticed in an early day, before it was settled upon, large portions that had beeu thrown up by an ancient people into beds like our own garden beds ; probably the work of the mound builders. In the south-east part of the basin above referred to there, is about two square miles covered with a grove of gray pine, with a very light sandy soil. There are many fine farms interspersed through this basin of 12 sections of land; yet as a whole the soil must be classed among the light soils.

The south portion of the town, about eight secsections, lies in the valley of the Baraboo river and Narrows creek, and has an excellent clay loam soil^with oak openings characteristic. There is here a topographical feature worthy of note. It is a minor cioss bluff, a low quartzite hill, about half the height of its sister bluff, 1| miles north. It is mostly covered with sand rock, yet its center is quartzite and forms a narrow vale for the passage of the river. Between this and the narrows, in a basin of about two sections into which point ragged and rocky {joints, lies the only village that Excelsior can boast of, now called Ahleman. It was formerly known as the village of Excohior, a name given to it by its proprietor. When the C. tfc N. W. K. K. was located through the place, the officers of the road, Mr. Dunlap, then chief manager of the Wisconsin division, in particular, insisted upon calling the place Ableman, in honor of the services rendered by Col. S. V. R. Ableman, the proprietor of the town site, in opening up this R. R. enterprise.

The place contains an excellent hotel, R. R. depot, 2 blacksmiths, 1 wagon shop, 1 tinsmith and hardware store, 1 grist mill, 1 saw mill, 1 drug store, 1 dry goods store, 1 saloon and grocery. This place has a pleasant and romantic aspect, situated as it is among the hills, and is near the geographical center of the county. When the county seat question was before the people for removing the scat of justice from Prairie du Sac, this place was by many considered as the most appropriate point to re-locate it at, it being near the geographical center of the county.

The rock formation is sandstone, of the Potsdam class, common to this part of the country. In the north part of the town it is in "place1' and undisturbed. In the south part it is underlaid by quartzite, which is metamorphosed sandstoi e of an older formation than the Potsdam, and probably once stood as islands in the Potsdam sea. The conglomerate that always skirts those high points of quartzite near their tops we give as proof of this theory. This town lies west of the boulder or glacieral range, hence there are no drift hills within its bounds.

The first flection of tlie town of Excelsior was held at the Red School House in said town, on the 6th day of April, A. D. 1858, for the purpose of electing town officers. The inspectors of said election were John Johnson, Xewinan Peck. John 'Gaddis ; clerk, Geo. S. Handy. The folio-wing named persons were elected town officers for the ensuing year:

A. W. Starks (ch'n), W. ft. Peck and II. F. Smith, supervisois; Win. 0. Cady, clerk; Otis Ryder, superintendent of schools ; John Weidman, treasurer ; Joseph Piinbiey, assessor* Benj. Holt and Newman Peck, justices of the peace ; John Weidman, M. B. Waltz, and Wm. T. Hudson, constables. At this meeting there was $100 voted for roads and bridges, si 00 for support of poor, $-200 lor schools, $200 for incidental expenses, town clerk's salary fS.50.

1859 - Otis Ryder (ch'n), E. 0. Watson, Wm. Du Bois, supervisois; Win. 0. Cady, clerk; J. R. Hall, superintendent of schools ; Geo. Townsend, treasurer : Ira Smith, assessor.

1802 - E. C. Watson (ch'n), Geo. Townsend, Higgins Harrison, supervisors; (Townsend tied Hiram Odell, Out by lnt was chosen); 31. W. Chapline, clerk; Frederick Baringer, treasurer; S. J. Jopp, assessor.

Peck, clerk ; Win. J. Gem mill, treasurer; Win. Du Bois, assessor. February 27th there was a special town meeting called and voted s20<> as a bounty to induce persons to enlist into the U. S. army, in compliance with the call tor 500,000 volunteers. Eleven was the town's quota. « -

August 22d n special town meeting was called for the purpose of voting $200 to 12 Volunteers needed to supply a call of the United States, ' which sums were voted.

A special town meeting was called February 11th, 18oo, for the purpose of voting a premium of $200 each for 14 men. required to fill a call from the President of the United States.

18<)0 - Geo. Towtisend [ch'n], James M. Smith, Parley J. Foster, supervisors; F. X. Peck, clerk; Norman pimonds, treasurer; Nelson Oslmrn, assessor.

18f>7 - Jacob A. Schlick [ch'n], Joseph Osburn, Jesse Smith, supervisors; F- X. Peck, clerk; Norman Simonds, treasurer; Alanson Foster, assessor. [Nov. 15 John Johnson was appointed ch'n to fill vacancv.]

treasurer; Wm. (J. Cady. sasessor. From Nov. 8th M. A. Burt served as cjiairmaii Id cqh sequence of Chas. H. Williams' resignation and removal from the town. A special town meeting was called September loth, and SI 2,500 voted as subscription to Baraboo Air LiBe 11. R. company stock, and $2,500 for right of way, as aid for the construction of a railroad from Madison to Reedsburg. The $2,500 right of way money has not been called for by the company, but the bonds were issued for the whole amount.

F. N. Peck, son of Newman Peck, has been clerk since 1863, except the year 1868, when he held the office, of chairman, which is probably a longer clerkship than has been held by any other person in the county.

The first farm opened was by Captain Joseph H. Finley, in the summer of 1830, a hard working, intelligent and much respected bachelor, a Tenuesseean. He sold his farm and went into the lumber business upon the Lemonweir river. We have a sad record to make of Captain Finley. After a series of financial misfortunes, he had a \eg amputated, and, I understand,

The first family was James Christie's. He settled here in March, of 1841. The Indians the year previous had been removed by the U. 13. Dragoons, yet there was standing in Dandy's village two lodges, and two only. Into one of these he moved his family and made a stable ot tlie other, and this season gave the adjoining Indian corn fields a white man's culture. The place is now known as the "Baringer place," hut by the old settlers as " the old Christie place.1' Mr. Christie was a Scotchman, Mrs. Christie an Indiana lady. They raised a large family of children. He was social in his nature and had a large circle of friends, which made his house, like many of the first settlers', a demipublic inn, where hospitalities were as free as the spring waters that flowed by the door. He most always held some public ollice ; was several times county commissioner. lie removed to Newport in 1852. His daughter Eliza, now Mrs. Henry Snider, of Newport, was the hist white child bom in what is now the town of Excelsior. We have at last a sad record to make of our old and much respected friend. He was murdered and his body cast into a pond near Kilbourn City.

1847 - In the spring E. H. Hubbard came with his father's family, and is now the oldest resident settler. Whoever knew his father cannot forget his eccentricities, nor will fail to have some anecdote to tell of him.

1S48 - In the spring S. J. Lamberton opened his farm. S. V. K, Ableman also purchased land in September, and commenced improving it this year and moved his family into the town in 1 S 5 1 . Gen. A. A\ . Starks also purchased Ins land this season of Col. Ablt-uiaii, and moved on to it in 1850.

164'J - 1. W, Morley and family came from Ohio. A. Forester and family came in November, from New York. Reuben Butterfield and family came June 4th, from Vermont. John Johnson and family came in June from Connecticut. Win. C. Cady and family came May 1st, from New York. Ira Smith, James M. Smith and Jesse Smith also came this season.

1850 - Geo. Townsend and family came in July; Isaac Metcalf and family in the spring; Mrs. Wm. l)u Bois, Charles E. Du Bois, and Mrs. T. K. Young also came.

1S5 I - - Mrs. Jane Kipp (wife of the late Reuben Kipp) and family came in the fall ; II. G. Jones and family in May ; *JI. D. Jones in May ; Benjamin Holt and family in July; Thomas Metcalf and family in the spring. S. V. R. Ableman, C. S. Hitchcock and John Weidman also came in.

1852 - Michael Leifer and family. L. M. Burt and family came in March. N. M. Burt, M. A. Burt, [all in the county in 1 874, j and II. M. Barnes.

1854 - Wm. T. Hudson and family and John F. Barringer came in the spring, S. J. Jopp and family in May. Joseph Osburn, John Osburn and J. J. Nye.

1855 - John Terry came in May ; J. T. Gourgas and family, Wm. Montany and family in the spring ; Sid ney Holt and family "in August. E. C. Watson, Mrs. Margaret Ilengstler, Gottleib Hengstler, A. B. Case. Wm. Peers and Isaac Hartvet came into the county in 1851.

185G - F. N. Peck and family, Newman Peck and family and Hugh O'Connor and family came in this summer; Wm. J. Gemmill, Higgins Harrison and family in the fall ; T. AY. Harrison, a minor, with his father's family, and A. J. Flickner and family in the spring; Mrs. E. Watson in August.

[*Note. - H. G. Jones (Father Jones) when the war of the rebellion broke out offered to enlist, but was not accepted. He, however, sent five stalwart sons, two of whom died of disease and one was killed. He was a Virginian. He ha.s for several years held the office of town treasurer. 1

.Mr. Foster has an apple orchard of 1800 trees, and his son, 1\ J. Foster, has 800 adjoining, making here '2100 trees in one orchard. Each has three-fourths of an acre of grapes; A. F. has one acre of raspberries. 'This fruit farm is on the highest land in Excelsior. ' Gex. A. W. St auks and Col. S. V. H. Ableman. - In every well settled neighborhood of the size of a town there will be in some direction, points of special interest that can be talked about or written upon with ; profit and interest. In this town I select two of its citizens upon whom to multiply a fe.w words. From their public services they have rendered to the State, couuty and their town, it is but justice to their neighbors and town that they should form a part of its history.

There was a striking parallel between these men. Both possessed marked individualities and characteristics ; both were large men ; both of the same school of politics [Democratic], and after their acquaintance at Albany. X. Y., when they were young men, became friends. Both at an eaily day entered the arena of politics and were most always, or perhaps always, successful. They came to this State about the same time and settled in the city of Milwaukee. Both were military men from taste ; neither have sons to perpetuate their names. Either were fond of practical joking. In the presidential canvass of 1852, A. W. Starks called a democratic caucus, no one attending but Col. Ableman, Hubert Young and himself. There was then no paper in Sauk county, but the next number of the Milwaukee News contained an account of a large, enthusiastic and respectable meeting. Col Ableman with paper iu hand meets the General with a large smile on his face and says : u Gen., how could you \ Col., here is the simple truth as I will prove to you. JDo so. You are large arirt you \ Yes. Bob. is enthusiastic ? Yes. I am respectable? Ha! ha! Gen., that will do for this time." The meeting was held under a tree.

Col. S. V. R, Ableman. - In reply to my inquiries and in compliance with my request, Col. Ableman has favored me with answers, for which we are indebted :

Stephen Van Ranssalear Ableman was born December 25th (Christmas Day), 1S09, in the town of Bethlehem, Albany county, State of New York. His father, Christian (i. Ableman, was born in Prussia, Germany. He was a soldier of our Revolution. His mother, Regina Kanier, was born in Claverack, Columbia county. New York, in a few months after her parents arrived there from Bordeau, in France. In 1820 his parents moved to Albany. Stephen for two years was sent to the Lancastarian School in that city, Robert Tweed Dale, principal, Motts Bros, assistants. In May, 1822, he was bound an apprentice during his minority, as the old indenture reads, "to learn the art, trade and mystery of a carpenter and joiner, after the manner of an apprentice, for, and during the full end of the term during all which the said operative, his said masters, faithfully shall serve, their secrets keep, and their lawful commands everywhere readily obey. He shall do no damage to his said musters, or see it done by others without letting or giving notice thereof to his said masters, nor waste his masters' goods, nor lend them unlawfully to any person. At cards, dice, or any other unlawful game he shall not play. Whereby his said masters may have damage with their own goods or the goods of others; without license from his said masters, he shall neither buy or sell. He shall not absent himself day nor QiglitFrom his said masters' service without their leave; nor haunt ale houses, taverns, or play-houses, but in all things behave himself as a fcuthful operative ought during the said term; and the said masters shall use the utmost of their endeavors to teach or cause to be taught or instructed the said operative in the art trade and mysteries of a carpenter and joiner, and promise to provide for him sufficient meat, drink, boarding, mending, lodging and washing fitting for an operative during said term of time, and pay him in cash the sum of twenty-five dollars per year, to be advanced and paid as his necessities may require. ' Signed and sealed."

The bouuden operative served faithfully to the full satisfaction of his masters four years and four months, as appears upon the back of the indenture, " cancelled December 25th, IS 30."

Stephen was a Christmas gift to his parents, and this date shows him to be now a Christmas gift to the world, a free man to the full extent of the law. On the back of the old indenture are these words : "This indenture is given up and acknowledged as faithfully wtflted; Fassett & IIallenbake.

In 1825, by the consent of his masters, he enlisted as a drummer in the National Guards Ninth Rifle Regiment, and served in all their drills in this capacity for four years. He was then chosen Ensign and rendered this service for three years, until ejected captain of the some company. lie then took his discharge. - It reads, " 31st Brigade, 9th Rifle Regiment. S. V. R. Ableman has paraded in the said Oth Rifle Regiment, uniformed and equipped according to law, and has performed all such military duty as has been required of him for the space of seven years last past, and is therefore free from further military duty, except

His long and steady service to a trade not only made him master of it, but moulded for him a stable and reliable character. If the young men of the present day were more strictly bound, and more strictly held to service, it would be of infinite value to them and to the community. He has never participated in any game of chance or searched for a day's labor. May

Connecticut. She was born October 25th, 1812, and died May 19th, 1800. She was confined to her bed for the last eleven years of her life, a great sufferer from neuralgia and rheumatism. Nearly all her joints became ossified, - a most singular circumstance. All was done by her husband that the ingenuity of M. D.'s could devise to alleviate her snrl'erings. The issue of this marriage was two children, a son, who was born June 14th, 18:52, and drowned in the bay of San Francisco Maich 24th. 1833, and a daughter, Laura Elizabeth (now Mrs. E. C. Watson), born September 7th, 1835. Mr. Watson, after his marriage, connected himself in business with his father-in-law, and for many years has chiefly managed the home business, and at the present time is depot agent at Ableman II. R. station. After Mr. Ableman's marriage to Miss Jarvis he immediately opened a carpenter shop on Water street, Albany, and has since performed many heavy contracts.

July 29th, 1S33, Ensign Ableman was elected captain, with, rank from this date, of the National Guards 9th Rifle Regiment, 31st Brigade, commissioned by Gov. Win. L. MarcY, Levi Hubble Adjutant General.

In 1843 Captain Ableman was elected Alderman of the 7th Ward, Albany, N. Y., and served as such, and was subsequently re-elected. He was also appointed

In 1845 the broad west seemed to open a more extensive field to operate in. The charms of the west were not to be resisted, even against favors, friends and place. On tbe 17th of June, with his family, be arrived at Milwaukee. lie established the first Woodworth Planing Mill in Milwaukee. It was on tbe canal. In 1848 be built a steam Planing Mill, and a Sash, Door and Blind Manufactory on West Water street. This season he located lauds in Sauk county, where he now resides, in Excelsior. In 1850 he sold his mills and moved temporarily to Baraboo, and commenced improving bis lands. After a i^w months residence here he moved to the point where be row resides. In 1857 be built a steam saw mill, and in 1SG0 a steam grist mill.

Nov. 30th, 1S6.5, be married Mary Ann, eldest daughter of Captain Watson, and widow of the late- Captain Adam Gilmore. A brother of this wife, Edward Watson, married Laura, tbe only child of Mr. Ableman.

In 1853 Col. Ableman was appointed United States Marshal for the State of Wisconsin, by Franklin Pierce, and served as such until James Buchanan's administration, in June, 1858. He arrested the slave Glover, that certain abolitionists stole from the prison that in this time caused so much excitement and agitation. He lias always taken a deep interest in politics. His position open, plain and bold, holding in contempt tricky, or what is more politely called policy, moves, for the purpose of vantage.

In 1S00 the Colonel wrote and published in tbe Baraboo Republic articles, over the signature of " Locomotive,1' urging the people of the Baraboo valley to organize under their charter, many years ago obtained.

He laid down a plan to operate on. The force with which these letters were written caused an organization to be made, which was entitled the Baraboo Air Line Kailroad Company. The Colonel was chosen president of this company.' The commencement of the work, and then the sale to the Chicago and Northwestern R. R. Company, and the construction of the line through our countv within one years time was viewed with inexpressible satisfaction by the Colonel. The Chicago and Northwestern It. II. Company, out of esteem for him, named the station at the village, then known as Excelsior, "Ableman." The. postollice and village has since received the same name.

The Hon. A. W. Starks. - Argalus Waldo Starks was born March 10th, 1804, at Williamsburg, Massachusetts. His father's name was Moses Starks, who was an ax maker. He was of English descent, but far back. General Starks of Revolutionary war notoriety, was his ancestor. It is recorded in U. S. History, that at the battle of Bennington, Gen. Starks remarked to fellow soldier, "We will conquer to-day, or to-night Mollie Starks will be a widow." History is replete witli anecdotes of this Starks family. His mothers maiden name was Betsey Hunt, She was also of English extraction. Anralus >vhen young was physical! v weak. The hammer and anvil of his father's shop had no charms for him, for this physical inability united with quick perception and retentive memory, better fitted him for a scholar, which he probably would have made had his education not been neglected. His retentive memory in mature age was proverbial ami was to him a stepping stone to political position. In .November, 1820, his parents removed to the village ot Theresa, Jefferson Co., N. Y. About four months alter their arrival, Argalus came to the conclusion that the u birds of Massachusetts sang sweeter than their prototypes of New York, and that the grass was greener about his birth-place than his new home.

He therefore left unceremoniously without asking leave. He soon found that, the grass was not so green°or the songs of the birds so sweet in the absence of father, mother, brothers and sisters, warm love and affection; but his pride of character would not allow him to retrace his steps. In casting about for employment he chose peddling. This conclusion showed good judgment, for his composition was purely Yankee. So well did the business suit him that he continued in it many years, traveling over the New England states and a part of New York. July 3, 1828, he married a Miss Mary Ann Filkins, of Schuylers Lake, Oneida. County, New \ork. He continued in his favorite business for about a year after his marriage. Having now accumulated some capital he determined to change his occupation by going into the hotel business at Albany, New York, keeping the New England House. How long he kept this house we cannot say, probably ten or twelve years. He was at least once elected alderman of Albany, and probably held other offices in that city. July 28th, 1<S3S, his wife died, leaving him one child, Mary Jane, now Mrs. Israel Greeny, who, by the will of her father, was given, and now lives upon his tine homestead property in this town. January 27th, 1839, he married Miss Margaret K. Worthman, of Martha's Vineyard, Mass. James Worthman, of Reedsburg, is her brother. He moved to Milwaukee in IS and had been there but a short time before he was elected street commissioner; then city marshal for the years of 1844 and 1S4.">. He was appointed by the governor (Dewey) General of the Militia. From this appointment he was ever after called "General'' Starks.

In the spring of 1850 he began his residence upon the land James F. Flanders had purchased for him. - Col. Ableman and Gen. Starks had become fast friends. One day the General says to Jas. F. Flanders, " I wish you would purchase for me in Sauk county, as close to Ablemans as you can, a piece of land that will make me a nice New England form." He replied, " I will do it." He located this New England farm in the jaws of the Narrows, of Narrows Creek. Here are Massachusetts hills, rocks, springs and brooks ; we opine, "Massachusetts birds and grass,' for in 1850 the Gen. moved on to this Massachusetts farm and always was pleased with it. His western friends say that he has spent enough money upon his New England farm to have made a garden of a section of land upon a prairie. This mattered not to him, it was a New England-like home, where he could see the piles and columns of rock, the rills and the brooks. Songs ot birds and green grass, for the poetry of life was a part of his soul. His heavy and somewhat stolid appearance by no means reflected the inner man. In 1853 he was elected State Prison Commissioner. He breathed into this institution a new life by turnishing other moral reading to the convicts beside the Bible, even certain newspapers were furnished them and their extra hours of labor paid for. For this humane innovation his enemies and competitors cried out cruelty him. The legislature was prayed to, who appointed a committee to investigate into the finances and conduct of the prison. They held a session of several weeks and their report will ever be read by his friends with pleasure. It was complimentary and eulogistic throughout. By acting fearlessly upon a principle ot ri^htlhe Gen. had, in a christian manner, conqueied his enemies. In his younger days Argalus had experienced religion, and went about the neighborhood exhorting his comrades to turn from their evil ways. He many times remarked, at maturity,. "I almost wish 1 was a shouting Methodist." Although not a member

Manitowoc for S~)00, and sold it for $22,500, getting one-half of this sum down. The purchasers failed to meet the last payment and the property fell back into his hands.

. He was elected chairman of the board of supervisors of the town of Freedom and once of this town. * At the breaking, out of the rebellion war he took an enthusiastic part as a war democrat, and in 18G*2 was brought forward as a union candidate for the legislature and elected. In 1$(>4 was returned. March 2d of this season his wife died of consumption, leaving him two children, John and Ella. John was so great a favorite with his father, and in fact with his whole circle of acquaintances, that I cannot pass him by without adding a lew words to his memory :

.At the breaking out of the rebellion war he was one of the first to enlist, and went out in Company A. In his first battle, (ianesville, he was slightly wounded in the knee, of which he soon recovered, and afterwards participated in the battles of Arkansas Post, Port Gibson, Champion liiils, Black River Bridge, and the storming of Yickshnro-, At this latter place he received a musket ball in his thigh that was never extracted, which, in about two years after, was the cause of his death. There are many very pleasant anecdotes told of him while in this war service. J i is characteristics' weje coolness, bravery, unconsciousness of self, faithfulness and endurance. lie was never ill, nor fell out of the ranks while on heavy marches foi two years, until he was first wounded, and was always in the right place. Like his father, he was full of life's poetry, which always made him anywhere an agreeable companion. He died the Kith of March, 1 804, aged 24 years. In the army he had held the offices if Corporal, Sergeant, Lieutenant, Captain and Adjutant, lie died with the title of Captain John iStarks.

Nov. 24th, 1864, the Gen. married Miss Catharine Schwartz, of Westfield, Sauk couuty. He Lad no children by her. In 1SG5 he was nominated by the Republican party for Senator, and was elected. These four years filled the cup of his day and generation. On June 28th, 1870, the Hon. A. \V. Starks died at his residence, of a disease of the kidneys. In his dying hour he sent for Col. Ableman to visit him. Mrs. Ableman and Mrs. Watson rendered many acts of kindness to him and his family during his sickness.

Religious Societies

There is a class of Episcopal Methodists in the east part of the town now numbering 30 members. H. G. Jones is tbeir class leader. The society was first organized at his house, which was in October of 1851. C. P. Sanford was the officiating preacher, and the members were Jacob Van Loon, Eve Van Loon, H. G. Jones, Mary Joues, G. M. Jones, Mary E. Jones and John Sanborn. In the summer of 1801 Father Teal, a Protestant Methodist, made efforts to build a church, which were crowned with success. It was speedily completed and dedicated in the fall of this year. He named it "The Ebenezer Church," for, said he, it will be a place where we can raise our " Ebenezer,'1 [a Hebrew word - "the stone of help" - prayer]. They (the Protestant Methodists) paid toward its erection $75.00 and own the building. The Episcopal Methodists paid $400.00. The Protestant Methodist class now numbers about 4o. Elder S. P. Kezsrta, a Protestant Methodist, a resident dentist of Baraboo, has preached in this church ever since its erection, and in the neighborhood a year before. He has had some marked revivals, and is yet a favorite with the people, lie has had a revival here this winter (1874). I learn from E. N. Peck that there are about 30 Lutheran families, 14 Baptists of

Secretary

A programme for the Festival of 1873 will be published a few weeks before holding it, and sent to the members of the association; which will probably be held at Prairie du Sac. June 20th, 1873.

*Mr. B. attempted to put up a trading shanty at this date but had it pulled down by the Indian?. This was nearly a year before the treaty was ratified with the Wiunebngocs.

The First Annual Meeting

Of the Old Settler's Association of Sauk County was bold according to notice. June :20th, 1872, in the grove near Wm. Johnson's house in the town of Sumpter.

"Without complete arrangements or committees appointed to execute them, the grounds for the festival were complete, arranged on the morning of the 20th. Wm. Johnson (Uncle Bill) and his sons and neighbors took hold voluntarily and did their work most thoroughly. Eight or ten loads of lumber were drawn from Esq. llalasz' lumber yard in Sauk City. A capacious stage was erected for speaking and seats for 1,000 persons. Tables for eating, booths for selling refreshments and a floor laid for dancing.

Uncle Bill on the evening of the 10th killed his fatted calf and the " latch-string of his door was left out " as it ever used to be when lie inhabited the " log cabin."

On the morning of the 20th, about daybreak, he slid into his pants and out and tired a board salute followed by a hurrah ! Tin: old boy from his youth to his 7Sth year has ever been a high-goer.

(When Aunt Mahaleb, his wife, wishes to set him back a little, she tells him the story of his climbing a tree when sixty years old. to frighten some girls who were to pass that way. Witli an outcry intended to alarm them he made a lurch in the tree-top - fell - and was so caught that assistance had to be obtained to extricate him.)

At 9 o'clock the President, accompanied by the Sauk City Brass Band, and the Singing Class of the Public School of that place in charge of Will F. Bundy, 'arrived and took their places. The band and singing class then - and afterwards at intervals during the day - discoursed artistic music, adding greatly to the interest of the entertainment.

3. Rev. T. M. Fullerton was called upon to open the exercises by prayer, and fittingly did so. The Association felt gratified that this opening rite of their Annual Meeting should be pronounced by this pioneer preacher of Sauk County.

Fellow Pioneers : - We have met together to-day, in this pleasant month of June, when both animate and inanimate nature are gayest and happiest, to renew an old acquaintance, to shake each other by the hand again, to gaze again into each others' faces, and to bold a social chit-chat: over old days that are gone.

Thirty years have now elapsed since he who now addresses you first became acquainted with a few, less than one out of a hundred of your number present, who were then each of them a Pioneer of Pioneers. They had severed the strong ties of kindred and of home in the heart of civilization to seek new homes at its furthest extremity On the prairies of the West, where the trail of the savage had been uncrossed by the foot of a white man. I speak now of the pioneers who preceded my arrival in 1842, and of them 1 need not say. since it is a self-evident proposition, that they were and are men of no ordinary mold. Bold, hardy, industrious, with a zeal that never abated, and with hearts that never faltered, they encountered all the hardships and privations of pioneer life, broke the virgin soil, and plowed the furrows deep, fatted the pork and stall-fed the beef, sowed the grain and planted the corn that fed not only themselves but also supplied the wants of the straggling hundreds who followed them.

When in 1842 I first became a resident of Sauk eouu ty, all the necessary comforts of life were cheaply furnished and easily obtained. To their untiring patience, unremitting toil and herculean efforts - to that old pioneer plow - is this consoling fact to be attributed. They thus laid the foundation of almost an empire in this* broad territory of ours. Largely these men were of American birth.

But there were other pioneers here not of American birth. It is a singular fact that in that early da}' most of the nations of Europe were represented among the few inhabitants of Sauk Prairie. There were one or more immigrants and estrays from England. Ireland. Scotland. Spain, Germany, Poland; "the furious Frank, M ''the fiery Hun," and even one of " Afric's dusky sons " were there. On the evening of the Fourth of July, 1842, at a ball held in the Lower Town, where '"music arose with its voluptuous swell" and "flying feet'" kept time to its harmonies, the favorite dance of each nationality (the last excepted; succeeded the other in regular order. The music was that of a piano ! the key s of which were touched by the lingers of a lady recently from London, and again by a " wee Scotch lassie,'*; not then in her teens, since known as one of the most gifted vocalists and accomplished musicians of the state, now a resident of Madison, and to whom we of Baraboo had recently the pleasure of listening. This occurred at a tine' when the wigwam of the Indian was still in view, and before his moccasined feet had made their last indentation on his war-worn trail. Full well do I remember the tall and graceful form of the Indian Chief Dekora, who was looking on, and hearing him exclaim : "Heap dance.; heap music; neislwshen squaw!"' *

A number of the Hungarians and Germans were co-immigrants with and formed part of the retinue of Count Augnston Haraszthy, a Hungarian nobleman, in many respects a very remarkable man, and probably the first pioneer of foreign birth to set foot on the soil of Sauk county. In person and mind he fully typified "the fiery Hun" of Campbell. Leaving his 'native home, amid the vine-clad hills of far-off Hungary - a home surrounded by every luxury which extravagance could desire, and which had descended from father to son through along line of nobility - having resolved to become a citizen of republican America, he visited many of its famous localities for the purpose of selecting (as he told me) a new home which to himself and his family in Hungary should prove not less attractive in its natural characteristics than the home they were to abandon for it. He wandered from place to place, from village to city, and through the rural districts of many states in the Union. Many places were beautiful, but not altogether what he sought, until chance led him to the banks of the Wisconsin river. Ascending to the top of tile nearest bluff, opposite to where is now Sauk City, his delighted eye gazed on the unrivaled landscape which lay out-stretched before him : ''Eureka ! Eureka .'" he exclaimed : " Italia ! Italia .'"

Without going into the particulars of his remarkable career, tilled with adventures stranger than fiction, or relating any of the numerous anecdotes concerning him, I will only say further, that soon after the discovery of, and settlement upon, his miniature Italy, he set out for his native home, and on his return was accompanied by his wife, a lad}' of Polish origin, of great beauty and rare accomplishments, by their two children, and by his father and mother. But his mecurial activity unfitted him for a quiet life. Now the owner and captain of a steamboat on the Lower Mississippi, then again at home tilling his many acres ; nowa merchant dealing out to Customers (whom he always trusted) large quantities of merchandise, then a lumberman on the Upper Wisconsin ; now at San Francisco a member of the Legislature and Assayer of the United States Mint, or in the interior of California carrying on perhaps the largest vineyard in the world : now again in the Old World ; finally, while pursuing another avocation in the heart of Central America, his restless spirit >vas forever quenched in its murky waters. Death accorded to him a fate as strange as his life, and his body was devoured by alligators.

child, in the structure of their minds, in their habits, tastes and dispositions, they were the very antipodes of each other, as unlike as ever could be. Nevertheless their attachment for each other was unbounded. Naught but death would separate them ; where went the son, there accompanied or followed the father. In sunshine and in storm, through good and evil report alike, he cherished '; Mein sou Augusta" as he called him. He was probably the best educated man who ever came to this country from abroad, having studied and mastered all the sciences through the medium of the Latin language, which was lisped by his infant tongue before that of his native land. He soon became a proficient -in the English language, which he constantly made his study. .After he had mastered it sufficiently to communicate his ideas intelligibly, a more entertaining and agreeable companion could not be found.

I have thus briefly alluded to the character of these two men - father and son - not only because they were among the first settlers of our county, and had great influence in attracting our foreign population hither, but because also they are now among the number of those who have passed away - it being one of the duties of this Association - and its most sacred one - to extol the virtues of its dead pioneers.

Another of the favorite and distinguished pioneers of our county, whom not to mention and commemorate on this occasion, and in this connection, would be an omitted duty, and a criminal neglect, is also now among the lamented dead. James S. Alban was the the first white man who ever pitched his tent and erected his cabin in our county. We all knew him well, and loved him much. Nestled among a cluster of trees that grew on the southern extremity of the prairie was his cabin home - which though rudely constructed and scantily furnished (as a matter of course in those days) yet sheltered from the storm and protected from the sun as happy a family as any other. Having been a boarder in hisfaniily for many months, I am a good witness to the fact that his wife* the " Amanda " of his boyish love and the mother of his children, was as fine a specimen of a pioneer matron as ever administered to the necessities of way- faring humanity. When the latch-string of the cabin door was pulled by either friend or stranger the incomer was ever saluted, with a kind "come in" and greeted with a smile of welcome.

With few of the so-called accomplishments of the modern lady and with none but a common education, she was eminently adapted to the situation in which Providence had placed her, and her cabin home was as happy as industry, cheerfulness, gentleness and truth could make it. When blown by the breath of the fell destroyer the lamp went out, and her gentle spirit ascended from her paradise on earth to the paradise above and her body was consigned to the sepulchre at Prairie du Sac : the scalding tears burned hot on the cheeks of all alike - husband, children, friend and neighbor ! This sad occurrence broke the family up and the children were sent to Ohio to be reared and educated by a kind old uncle. He must have discharged his duty well for the only son of "Amanda" is now a prominent young lawyer at Stevens Point in this state and her oldest girl became the wife of a member of Congress. Mr. Alban, after death of his wife, became a lawyer, county jnd^e, assemblyman and senator, from the same count}', and when the war of the late rebellion broke out he became the colonel of a regiment of volunteers and fell at its head on the bloody field of Shiloh.

It would be a pleasing and melancholy duty did time permit it. to sketch the lives and history of the other dead pioneers of our county, all of whom were good " men and true," and each an original character - each like Richard - " himself alone/' - Richard H. Davis, the Crossmans, father and son, Wilson, Bryant, Morgan, Hovan, Teel, Wood, Rowen. Cantield, Harrington and others. At some other annual meeting I hope full justice will be done.

The Major was listened to with much attention and interest, and received a hearty vote of thanks, accompanied by a request that he furnish a copy of the address to be published with the proceedings.

Rev. T. M. Fullerton was introduced by the President to the audience, and read the following paper, prepared by him in compliance with a written recpiest from the Association :

Havfng been requested, as one of the pioneer preachers of Sauk comity, to contribute some reminiscences of early times. I very cheerfully comply. I have kept a tolerably copious journal, so that I am not compelled to rely on memory only as to dates and events and persons of which and of whom I may have occasion to speak.

It was my privilege to be one of those inevitable men on the frontier, a Methodist itinerant preacher, as early as the spring of 1841. I was not, however, the first of my class to visit Sauk county. That honor, 1 .think, belongs to Rev. James Gr. Whitford,* now of Volga City. Iowa. It has been suggested to me that, possibly. Rev. John Crummer preceded him, but of this 1 have no knowledge sufficient to form a belief.

Mr. Whitford, after spending a number of years of widowerhood, part of them near St. Paul, as an Indian and frontier missionary, very naturally desired to had a fellow sufferer of the gentler sex, hoping, as many do. that by uniting their sorrows they could bear them more joyfully. Mrs. Sarah Sayles, the widowed daughter of Henry Teel, who had removed to the Bluffs on Sr.uk Prairie iu 1840, attracted. During his visits here he preached to the few settlers that gathered, for the purpose, and, I believe, formed the first class in Sauk County ; but of the date, and of all the names he has no record. The class was formed at the house of Father Teel. still standing at the foot of the bluffs, which for several years was the place of meeting. Mr. Whitford. and Mrs. Sales were united in marriage by Rev. Mr. Simpson, on the loth of August. 1841, and this was probably the first marriage in Sauk county.

My first record relating to this county mentions meeting Rev. Henry W. Reed, now of Epworth, Iowa, Presiding Elder of the Dubuque District, and J. G. Whitford, on their way to Sauk Prairie. May. 1841, to hold a quarterly meeting. Mr. Reed was then Presiding Elder of the Platteville District, Rock River Conference. which embraced all this region of country : and Mr. Whitford was stationed at Mineral Point* associated with this county circuit; I was his assistant. They left an appointment for me a few weeks from that time.

and promised the people a preacher for the next year. I reached the Prairie on the 23d of June, 1841. The only road then from Mineral Point was byway of Bine Mounds: and the only vestige of habitation between Britain's tavern and the river at about where the Lower Bridge now is, was Mr. Thomas' Station, near Cross Plains. All the supplies for the Upper Wisconsin pioneers were drawn on the military road leading to Fort Winnebago, now Portage City. Mr. Thomas had established a wav-station for teamsters and travelers From this road a way was opened from about the present Al den's Corners to the river. The crossinf at -Lower Sauk village was the only ferry then between the Fox and the shot tower at Helena. I copy the entry in uiy journal as made on my first visit on the above date :

" Vfter ridino- through a heavy rain storm, on a very bad road. I crossed the river and trot to Father Teel's at the P.lufl's, just at dark. I have often heard oftMs prairie, but like the Queen of the South, I can say, ' lhe halt has never been told rue !' It is on the west bank of the V\ isconsln river, eieht miles long and four wide, being about eighty-hve miles from the mouth of the river. The lower part of it is about ten feet above high water mark, and it gradually ri-es until the northern part is fifty or more ieet hiirh The soil is in place- sandy, but very productive, and all adapted to cultivation. This was once the great headquarters of the Sac nation of Indians, and large fields of their corn hills are yet plainly visible lhese were driven hence bv the Winnebagos, and subsequently they gave place to the whites, -nine of whom fust settled here about two years ago lhere are now about -270 inhabitants on the prairie. A flourishing little village is commenced on the river.

To show what sad havoc thirty years will make with a man's opinions of taste, and if you look at me as I read this, with his personal appearance, I continue the quotation :

" There is here a Hungarian Count - so he calls himself - who claims to have large quantities of money, and is expending it liberally in improvements. .There is also an Englishman here who chums to have been a Lord in the old countrv. lie is in partnership with the Count, lhey both look like savages wearing a Ion- beard above as well as below the mouth. And they are Iho great men of the place, and others adopt their customs, and make themselves as ridiculous as possible."

On Thursday evening, June 24tb, I preached at the Bluffs from 1 Cor. 13, 13 ; Friday evening at the Lower Village, in an unfinished school house, from Key. 6, A) ; Sunday, a. m. at febe bluffs, and in the evening again at the village. - .v. .

At the Rock River Conference, held at Platteville, closing: Sept. -2, 1841, I was appointed to Muscoda mission, in Platteville District, Rev. Henry W. Reed, Presiding.

Elder. The mission embraced all the settlements on both sides of the river from Muscoda to Fort Winnebago. Before the close of the vear I had apppointments at Muscoda, Bine Mounds, then known as Centreville, near Meeker's lead furnace, (Highland four miles north, was not even thought of then ) Helena B1,ie MoTmds> Sauk tillage, Honey Creek Mills, Bluffs and Baraboo. It required three weeks to make my round, involving a travel of more than two hundred miles, for there were scarcely any roads

My first appointment at Honey Creek Mills, where several families had settled, was September 1G, and the text was James 4, 8. the meeting being at Mr. Gould's and there were eighteen present. At this point we afterwards held the meetings at a Mr. Crain's, whose wife was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Finding the distance so great to go and return byway of the Mounds, I crossed the river 'at Helena, Mr. Alva Culver, who boarded the shot tower men, keeping a scow for the purpose, on the 30th of September and went up to Sauk on the old Indian trail. This route I traveled eight or ten times during the vear. The trail was circuitous, bearing out from the river, and crossing several wet marshes, where mv little Canada pony could not bear me up. To avoid the inconvenience of dismounting in a quagmire nearly knee deep, and wading twenty rods, as I often did, I sought abetter route. Sometimes I went up the river bank, but the logs and gorges, to say nothing of the bluffs coming to the water's edge made that a difficult road. I tried several times to vary the former track, to split the difference between the impassable river bank and the swampy trail, but like almost all bargains on splitting the difference I found myself badly sold. I settled down at last to the conviction that it is safe to follow the trails of Indians until civilized highways ave7?iade.

There were no settlers in your county west of Honey Creek till the fall of 1841, or the spring of 1842. Mr. Wilson, the shot tower cooper, moved his family to the mouth of Wilson's creek in the latter part of 1841. He was a well informed Scotchman, and had a family of well posted children. I staid with him one night, when I was informed it was an established family order that, by turns, one should read history or some other solid work, of which he had a good library, each night, while all the others worked and listened. " Hence the intelligence of the children was remarkable for a frontier family. Soon after a Mr. Turner settled about where Spring Green now is, and several young men took claims on the prairie. On the 30th of May, 1842. I preached in Mr. Turner's house to the family and. three young men who came in. My text was "The time is short," 1 Cor. 7, 29. That was undoubtedly the first attempt at peaching in Spring Green. In 1841 there was a temporary bridge built across Honey Creek at the mill which saved me trouble. Before that I had made my pony swim the creek at the crossing of the trail, and had taken my baggage across on a log. Sometimes my ponv concluded it was as easy for me to walk / ' and carry my luggage as it was for him to carry that t and me too.' Once I walked immediately behind Mm for about seven miles. West of this bridge a Canadian . Mr. Brisset. with a young Yankee wife, settled in 1842. I spent one night 'in their little cabin. Still west of him a mile or two. in a beautiful valley, after the burning of the grass. I saw a held of several acres of parallel ridges, about live feet apart, very nearly straight, that must have been used many years before, for large white oak trees grow all among them. They were more artistic than any remains of Indian cultivation I have ever seen.

My first visit to the Baraboo Mills was October o, 1841. Notice of my coming had not been given, and we therefore had no meeting. At that time the saw mill had been repaired, a new dam put in and some men employed. An old man, Mr. Draper, a member of the Baptist Church, was someway interested in the mill. and it was called Draper's mil 1. He invited me to come and establish meetings there. A Mr. Hill, from one of the New England states, had built a log cabin about ten or fifteen rods east of the mill, and boarded Mr. Draper and the hands. This mill was not far from half a mile above the ford on the Baraboo river.

On the 10th of October, Tuesday evening, 1 preached in Mr. Hill's house to eleven persons, from 2 Cor, 5, 20: which was certainly the opening of the gospel for the first time in the Baraboo valley. Xone of those present professd to be Christians, save Mr. Draper. After that my appointments were regularly filled there, except once when the roads were impassable.

Ollie Shaffer, and Parmelia Gilson, all of wliom were Methodist immigrants, recently arrived. Mr. Shaffer was the mill blacksmith, and lived in a house newly built south of the mill. Mrs. Gilson and family had settled about a mile above the river, on the north side. Before I left tie* circuit there were one or two families moved in above the Gilsons, I think about five miles np the river. I visited them once, but have no record of the names. My impression is that one of them was a Jones.

On the 10th' of April Mrs. Mary J. Hill, the woman of the house where our meetings were held, joined the class. She was the first convert to religion in the valley, having made a yuofession in the early spring of 1843.

The unfinished school house at Lower Town, as Sauk City was then called, was very uncomfortable as a place for meeting; besides the people there were chiefly Germans, and had little sympathy with our forms of religion. Early in the winter of 1841-42 we got the privilege of holding our meetings at the house of Mr. Skinner, and there-afterwards had no services at Lower Town.

About the first of April, 1842. Rev. Phillip W. Nichols came with his family to Upper Town, as a Presbyterian Home Missionary, under the auspices of the American Board of Commissioners for the Home and Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church. He had formerly been a Methodist itinerant preacher, but for reasons satisfactory to himself and his church, his connection with that body was dissolved. He had connected himself with the Congregational body, but at that time in Wisconsin Territory, under what is known as the " Union."' a minister of either the Congregational or Presbyterian (.'hutch could serve the other without change of ecclesiastical relations. So he was a Presbyterian pastor, but a Congregational minister. The scattered Presbyterian friends here had received him as a missionary, with an appropriation from the mission fund of four hundred dollars, they agreeing to furnish him a dwelling, fuel and provisions for one year, as their part, lie was the first regular pastor for Sauk exclusively, for. although I preceded him. my parish embraced Grant, Iowa. Dane and Kiehland counties, besides Sauk and and all the settled regions beyond. Again, his salary equalled £700 or more, while mine could according to our law, he no more than $100. He had 8100 missionary funds; I but 150, aside from which 1 only received during the whole year $0.92. He had a pleasant home with his family ; I boarded round like the schoolmaster of the times. He was a nlan of years of experience in the ministry and knew the inconveniences of Methodist pioneering; I was inexperienced in both. It is therefore no wonder at our first interview, at the house of Mr. Skinner, after I had preached and called on him to close, he gave me and the audience to understand that he thought I had vast room for improvement. We first met April 13, after which we alternated in holding meetings at Upper Sauk.

My principal home during the year was at Father Teel's. I spent nearly a week there once in three weeks, and myself and* horse shared the best they had. The family consisted of the two old persons and George, about seventeen, and Charles, about twelve. Mother Teel was more than a mother to me, for she saved my life, once at least, by her skill in treating a dangerous disease successfully. No poor itinerant ever" met with more generous hospitality than I did at that vt Methodist Tavern, and my home there is among the most cherished memories of my life.

I finished my year on July 20th, having traveled about 3,500 miles, besides visiting generally about the settlement, preaching nearly 200 times, to congregations ranging from two. the lowest, to thirty the highest, averaging eight. I could count my congregation every time for the whole year without making a mistake! The people were generally poor, consisting in most instances of newly married couples, just beginning life for themselves. But they were exceedingly kind, and I may add. patient; for I was often ill, and at best could poorly interest, much less profit them. But it was a valuable year to me, rich in privations, trials and opportunities, and one I can never forget because of its pleasures.

At the conference of 1842, held at Chicago, Seymour Stover succeeded me on the Muscoda Mission, while I was sent far hence to the gentiles - that is among the Chippewa Indians at the head of Lake Superior. Mr. Stover is still living near Chicago. His connection with the Sauk county people did not prove very happy. At the end of his year the mission was left oil' the minutes. In 1844 it was again favored with mention, but not called " Sauk Prairie," and left "to be supplied." being vet in Platteville District, Benjamin T. Kavanaugh being the Presiding Elder. Being far away, I have no knowledge as to who was the supply for that year, but he probably was a badger.

The thanks of the Association and the audience was tendered to Mr. Fullerton, and it was voted that the paper should be printed as a part of the proceedings.

A recess was taken for dinner. About one hundred old settlers were marched into line, and headed by the band, proceeded to tables prepared for them. The tables were arranged by Charles Page. All ate of the johnny-cake, the meal of which was made by the old Planter's Mill upon the ground: but instead of the tables being frugally spread with eatables, as ''when that old mill was new my boys," they were spread with all the delicacies common to the country and the season, half of which could not be eaten. Uncle Bill the night previous killed the fatted calf. We heard the young bullock plead most piteously to be spared, but his kind among others were pointed out in the sheet let down from Heaven as decreed to be killed and eaten by Jew andGentile, and his plea was denied, much to the gratification of the Gentiles at this hour of the day. There were probably one thousand persons who dined in the grove upon and about those '; star " converging tables."

X. W. Wheeler, who was asked to tell what he knew about farming, replied that he had learned what he knew from Horace Greeley. He (Nels) was as old a settler as there was in Sauk county that was not older than himself. If he was nut an old settler, he was an old setter. He had striven to make people peaceable and honest and to relieve them of a heavy load of the filthy lucre in their pockets. He had had suits before His Honor the President, and he believed him an lion est, upright, and just man, because he had always decided in his favor. He noticed Dr. Cowles here; he thought the difference between himself and the Doctor was, that lie got the people's money, which made them feel bad, while the Doctor dealt them pills which made them feel worse. He approved of the objects of the Society, and wished it many happy meetings.

The allusion to Dr. Cowles by Wheeler caused calls to be made for Dr. Cowles, who came forward. He disagreed with the preceding speaker. He thought that there were no pills known to the Materia-Medica so sickening as those that the gentleman had administered often to his client's adversary and to the client himself. He spoke of the hardships #endured in the practice of medicine in a new country. * He would mention but one case. He was called upon one night to visit a s^ck man upon the Lemonwier River some 60 miles distant The mercury at "20° below zero; before daylight I was at his bedside; the best of all that teas, the man got well in spite of his medicine. He met here to-day one old lady that he had not seen before for twenty years, and the best of that was, she threw her arms around his neck and kissed him and he kissed her. He repelled with scorn the charge that is sometimes made, that the country is laterly being tilled up with a better cla^s of citizens. He believed that the country when new was tilled with more and better mind- - with less " red tape " - with more sterling worth, greater activity, and with more pleasant associates. That he should ever look back with pleasure to the days of his first settlement in Sauk county.

Charles Hallasz was called to tell what he knew about splitting rails. He knew nothing and avoided telling his old story but gave an interesting sketch of what brought him to America. He and his cousin the Count Haraszthy left Hungary for no reason but to wander. They expected to go to Florida, but reading Maryatt's novels while crossing the ocean, determined them to go to Wisconsin, that was pictured as a paradise. They made a settlement first upon Rock River but they found they had settled niton another man's land. The mistake was made at the land office. They burned up their house and came to the Wisconsin RiVer that they had read of upon the ocean. Why they staid he could not jet tell. The scenery was beautiful but wild. They were not used to such scenery or the mode of getting a living here. Yet they stopped * * *

He came forward and said that lie supposed the people would like to know how it was that lie became a general. Johnny Gray came to his house in the night and said get up and llee, for the Indians are coming. He thought he would be more safe on the old mare's back so lie took her and went to alarm his neighbors. Ed. Tabor! get up and ilee for the Indians are coming. Can't I get behind you? Yes, get on. And so we went to Tom Tabors'. Get up and flee for the Indians are coming. Can I get on behind? Yes. So I went from house to house and told them to flee for the Indians were coming, but could take no more on the old mare's back. We rendezvoused at Ben Johnson's. Men, women, children, and household goods from the whole neighborhood. When daylight came we saw that no houses were burned or no Indians in sight. The women had been running ball s in the night. We sent Johnny Gray to Bamboo to see if they were all killed. We thought we would show the women what good fighting we could do, so we drew up in line and I gave the word, take aim - lire! One old musket broke the silence. I shall tell you no more about the Sauk War or how I became a general. He spoke with much feeling in this renewal of old friendship to-day. The Secretary read a letter from James H. Bell, dated

Dear Frivid - l cannot attend the Old Settler's Meeting this year. I wish to be remembered and numbered as one of them. I came to Sauk county in 1844, in company with John B. Crawford. The dells and valleys of old Sauk county are a home to me. 1 think I am the only citizen that went from the county to the Mexican War and returned. I should very much like to attend the meeting. Please send me a paper of the proceedings should they be published.

While engaged in a party of govermental surveyors in the winter of 1S44, with John B. Crawford, he saved the latters life. He would have perished had not 15. '11 have heard Mm halloo once only! in the night. He started from camp, guessing the course the sound came from, he traveling' through the snow about fifteen indies deep, and in about one-quarter of a mile came accidentally to him. He was holding on to a little tree, benumbed with the cold and somewhat out of his right mind, almost ready to fall down. Crawford had endeavored to go into camp from the settlement in the night, lost his way, and by Bell found as above stated.

Vice Presidents - Cyrus Hill, now of Columbia County; Win. Johnson, Town of Sumpter; Jonathan Hatch, Town of Bamboo; Marvin Blake, Town of Barabo; Arch. Hill, Town of Prairie du Sac; John Thilke, Town of Prairie du Sac; Enos Kimball, Town of Freedom; Jas. Taylor, Town of Spring Green; Ceo. Nip- .pert, Honey Creek; Alex. Stewart, Troy; Solomon Cramer, Franklin; James Tailor, Spring Green; Stephen Phettiplace, Bear Creek; Z. Staple, Washington; C W. Gulliford, Westneld; Patrick Hickey, Dellona; J. H. Rork, Reedsburg; Strother Babb, Reedsburg; D. B. Randall, Merrimack; Solomon Brown, Dellton; J. F. Sanford, La Yalle; Job Barstow, Greenfield; Wm. All, Ironton.

A resolution was adopted that there should be no booths or places of sale for refreshments of any kind about the grounds selected for the next annual festival, except in the interests of the Asssociation. It was also

Resolved, That the Committee on Organization have until the next Annual Meeting to present their report for perfecting more completely the organization ot' the Association.

The Association tendered Wm. Johnson twenty-five dollars, for expenses incurred by him, and tendered him their most hearty thanks for his labor and trouble. The thanks were feelingly accepted, but the money was not, excepting finally £5, which was forced on him.

The Association also tendered Wm. 11. Canfield for his labor and trouble as Secretary a sum of money not definitely tixed, together with a vote of thanks accompanied by complimentary remarks from Gen. Owen.

The Secretary regrets that there should not have been then and there an expression of acknowledgments to W. F. Bundy and his Singing Class, for suspending school one day. bringing an organ with them, and entertaining the <* Old Folks'' with their delightful music. He will for his kindness and trouble please accept the thanks of the Association.

The thanks of the Society are through the Secretary tendered to I). S. Coates for the exhibition of his Devil's Lake oil painting, a finely executed piece about 50x60 inches.

To Joseph Johnson, who labored hard for a week or more that the meeting might be a success, there are many thanks due and he is tendered the same on behalf of the Association by the Secretary.

Secretary'S Report Of The Proceedings

The third annual meeting of the Old Settlers' Association of Sauk county was held upon the day advertised, viz : Thursday, June 18th, at the Sauk county Agricultural Fair Ground. The meeting was large, but not equal to the two preceeding ones. The day was pleasant and the meeting of old friends was cordial. There was not even the smell of alcohol upon the ground, and nothing occurred to mar the general good feeling. The officers of the association feared that they would be criticised by their distant friends for being less energetic in preparing for the entertainment than had been done at the first and second meetings. But our friends were so charitable that we were made to reel easy on this point.

in Myers' elegant barouche, preceded by the cornet band, to the place of meeting, and after a ride about the trotting track alighted in the, bowery prepared for the ceremonies.

3d. The meeting was called to order by the president, J. B. Crawford, Esq., in a short appropriate speech. He regretted that the old pioneer preacher, that had met with us twice, was not present to offer prayer, but he would introduce to the audience an old pioneer methodist preacher of this state, nowlocated at Reedsburg, the Rev. Robert Laugley.

4th. Mr. Laugley made a lengthy prayer ; but unlike the multiplication of words sometimes, that is tedious for its length, this was refreshing all the way through. It was history, couched in language of invocation - a beautiful, appropriate»prn.Yfr.

5th. Song, "The Old Mountain Tree," by the pupils of the primary department of the Lyons school, from five to eight years of age, Miss Belle Flanders, teacher. They never sang in public before, and had but a half day's notice. Their friends must have felt pleased with their nice performance.

6th. The secretary came forward to report, and read the mimites of the preceding meeting. He asked to be relieved of reading them in detail. He called attention to the 5th article of the constitution which requires him to report to the society at its 3d annual meeting the names of all deceased persons who were settlers in the county while Wisconsin was yet a territory. lie reported that he had not perfected such a list ; that the labor was considerable, and that, if some person, say Arba M. Seymour, would prepare a list of those upon the south side of the bluffs, ho would upon the north side, and report at the next anuual meeting.

Of the deaths of members of the association since our last meeting, we have to record, that of Lewis Butterrield, who made his home in this county in March, 1848, in what is now Excelsior, mid in the neighborhood known as the Butterfield settlement. Three brothers settled here. Lewis subsequently removed to the Lower Narrows of the Bamboo river, in the town of Fairfield. This place soon became known by his name. He was a kind-hearted, -upright and much beloved- citizen, and always held offices and places of trust wherever he lived. He died of lingering consumption, leaving a wife and a large family of grownup children. N. H. Drew died Dec. 8th, 1873, and his wife May 3d, 1874 He purchased a farm on Sauk Prairie in 1845 and moved on to it May tjth, is if;, and has been a resident of the town to the day of his death. A well known and excellent family.

The wife of George Dunlap Crist i an, daughter of Jonathan FTatch, din! in August. 1873. She, with her father, were almost the lirst on Sank Prairie. Although she \\as not a direct member, we feel it our dulv to record the death of the only and much beloved daughter of A. M. Seymour, Eusebia, wife of S. A. Abbott. She died of inflammation of the bowels, at Kilbourn City. Mr. Seymour spent his treasures freely upon the education of this child. She was a graduate of the Itockford, 111., Female Seminary. Her maturity was all humanity could claim, an amiable, cultivated woman.

Also at our last meeting Charles Hallasz was in the minds of many given over to his resting place. Both of the above were upon the ground this year, apparently hale.