Greeley, Colorado - The Union Colony at Greeley, Colorado, 1869-1871 (part 3 of 4)

so quiet, and are seldem seen abroad. At first view, boys seem scarce for no yelling nor whooping nor unseemly noises are heard at night; nor is church services interrupted by the cracking of nuts. Still, there really are a good many boys, and there will be more, and they will make themselves heard in due time.

[IRRIGATION DITCH FOR THE TOWN.] 1 Irrigation being a necessity in Colorado it is to be said that in the spring we contracted a ditch nine miles long by which water was brought to any house or garden in the town ; and the quality has been found so excellent that many cisterns will be built to receive it. At first our wells were good but from the use of pine curbing, or some other cause, the water has in many cases acquired a bad taste, The Cache la Poudre water is soft, clear, and every way agreeable. Besides this ditch, another thirty miles long on the north side of the river is to be completed by January, and as it will water some 50,000 acres then, our farms will be opened next year. The present ditch will irrigate besides the town more than 5,000 acres. As to irrigation itself, more will be said hereafter, but all of our people think it makes farming a scientific instead of an uncertain pursuit.

To Our Eastern Readers.2

The following questions asked in a letter by a gentleman in Washington City, are so similar to those we are daily receiving, that we answer them in this form :

Ans. $205 pays for a share - although some of the old shares may occasionally be had for first cost, $155. This gives members a tract of land, with water furnished from the irrigatiThe Greeley Tribune, November 23, 1870, p. 3. Greeley Tribune, November 23, 1870, p. 3.

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Ans. Our eastern people all testify to its superiority over New England in that respect. We have had but three rainy days since coming here. The weather at this time is much the same as in the latitude of Fredericksburg, Va., but much drier and more invigorating. Our nights are always cool, and these bright autumn mornings are sharp, and inclined to give one an appetite. In a word, our climate is all right.

Ans. We have about 450 houses, and more going up daily. It is safe to say we have about 1000 people here. We have stores 40 and 50 feet deep, filled with all the necessaries of life, and about the same amount of luxuries that can be had in Chicago, with only freight added. In fact, if you have money you can buy anything here that you can in eastern cities, except Whisky.

Ans. No houses are built, unless ordered, as we are too busy in building for ourselves; still, persons at the east can have houses built by parties now upon the ground. We have a hotel and several good boarding houses.

6th. What business is there that a man with capital might go into, that would be a help to the place, and not interfere with those already engaged in business ?

Ans. We need a grist mill, as there is none nearer than 20 miles, and next season we will have a heavy wheat crop to be ground. The colony will grant fine water power and mill site to responsible parties who will undertake this business. We must soon have a factory for making Beet Sugar. Our soil is well adapted to the cultivation of the sugar beet, and they can be raised in almost unlimited quantities. - A fortune awaits the man, or men who will erect a sugar factory at this place.

We are now sending off tons of hides to the east, to be made into leather, and sent back to us, we are paying freight both ways: Common sense says we should make our own leather right at home. Capital in the hands of an intelligent man need not be afraid to come to Greeley.

Ans. We have a Congregational church, numbering over 30 members; a Methodist church of about the same number; also, Presbyterian, Baptist, and Covenanters, all having church organizations. At present we hold our religious exercises together, in Colony Hall, which is crowded to overflowing every Sabbath, where we have good preaching, good singing, and good feeling amongst the people, who, as a general thing go for better purposes than to make display. Our Sabbath school numbers over 100 children, is under the charge of a worthy young man, and is in a flourishing condition. Our Public School is organized in three departments, and must prove successful, for our people are fully determined that our schools shall be the pride and ornament of the place.

Ans. Perhaps we are too modest to do ourselves justice in this case, but we may be pardoned for saying what we are not. - We have no whisky dens, nor beer shops ; no gambling hells nor billiard saloons ; no rows ; no street fights ; very little profanity is ever heard ; the Sabbath is almost universally observed, and people generally mind their own business.

Greeley, undoubtedly, possesses more educated men and women than any other town of its size, west of the Mississippi. - You can at almost any hour of the day, see men with collegiate educations driving ox teams, shoving the plane, building irrigating ditches, &c. We have men who have filled professorships, edited well known papers - filled a senator's chair, and are competent for any public business.

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tions may, we trust, give our friends an idea of the "situation" in our Colony. Let us repeat, that you will not find everything all right here - much is to be done, and good folks from everywhere are welcome to come and help on the good work we have begun.

The Improvements At Greeley And Among The Colonists

I may briefly state that the progress made by this enterprising colony since my previous visit some weeks ago, has been so great that it will be impossible for me to give an adequate idea of its extent in what I shall now wrtte. Scores of buildings are completed and many more have beginnings. The weather has been so like summer all the fall that it has seemed as Providence was witholding the severities of the season for the benefit of our people. Farmers are turning over the sod all up and down this valley, and more fall plowing is being done in northern Colorado this season than ever before. A great many of the colonists have commenced an earnest improvement on their little farms, and are making careful preparations for a good crop next season. Their large ditch will soon be completed, which will afford sufficient water to irrigate 50,000 acres of land, the most of which will be tilled next season. Additional immigration is being added to the colony every day, and some two hundred have arrived in the last five weeks. They have organized, and now have a flourishing cornet band at this place, and many of the members show good musical talent. Mr. C. W. Sanborn is their leader and an accomplished musician. They have fifteen instruments, costing $975. They gave a concert last evening, which was attended by three hundred people. The band was assisted by a number of the lady vocalists of Greeley, and altogether it was fully equal to anything of the kind we have seen in the Territory. Many of the ladies have well trained voices and exhibit good musical talent. Miss Alice Washburne seems to be the favorite, but there are several others who are about equal. Among the number I may mention Miss Tenny Nichols, Miss Julia Stansbery, Miss Hanley, and others whose names I did not learn. Miss Hollister presided at the piano, and added much to the occasion. Mr. Barnes did the base very well, indeed, and showed a well trained voice. Messrs. Sanborn, White and Barnes are musicians and vocalists, who can hardly be surpassed in the West. I am informed it is the intention of Mr. Sanborn and some of the leading musicians and vocalists of Greeley, to give a series of concerts in different parts of the Territory the coming winter. If so, I bespeak for them an interesting tour, and for those who have an opportunity of hearing them a pleasing entertainment. Socially, morally, and religiously, the Greeleyites are examples worthy of imitation. I find the hotel accommodations considerably improved since I was here before. The Bailey House is now the Greeley House, and an addition has been put on, and the rooms changed, so that now it is much more comfortable and convenient. In my next I shall be prepared to give more of the details and deal more extensively with subjects pertaining to this part of the Territory.

1The Greeley Colony announce through New York papers that for ninety days only, new members will be received upon the payment of $155, the amount originally fixed for membership in the Colony. Only four hundred can be received upon the original plan.

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2nd. Persons become members by paying $205, or on buying old certificates, for which they are entitled to select a lot within the town plot, which is one mile square, by paying $25 for an inside, and $50 for a comer lot, and to choose out side of the town 2^2, 4^, 5, 10, 20, or 40 acres for which deeds are given without other payment. Eighty acres may be had by paying extra, what the land cost. Water for irrigation is attached to the land.

3rd. All such shares must be improved by the 5th of next April, and less is required from a poor than from a rich man, and more from a nonresident than a resident, but no definite rule has been established. Neither lots nor lands are sold to those not members, but when deeds are secured members do what they choose with their land. The object is to secure actual improvements. If shares are not improved the Colony sells the land selected and refunds the money on presentation of the certificate.

4th. There are still opportunities for new members, and they can select land immediately. It is true, that what now seem the best locations are selected, but in a short time these which are now open for selection will be considered choice. A large number of acres near the town, hitherto unsurveyed, will be divided into lots and made subject to selection in a few days.

Oue Young Mek1

A company of young men equal to ours cannot be found in the world Most of them are educated, all are well informed. There may be a few who, under other circumstances, would be irregular, but the influences surrounding them by reason of the good conduct and gentlemanly habits of the many, restrain them, and they are better than they could expect, themselves to be. A similar remark is to be made of some older men, who, in coming hither adopt the habits of the rest, and they are better men than formerly. This general state of good morals among us does not arise from fanatacism, nor from any sort of uniformity in religious belief. Certain papers, and persons abroad have conveyed the idea that we are a set of straight backed Puritans, and that men are fined lOcts for taking a chew of tobacco. If any thing of this kind exists we have failed to see it, and it is uncertain whether a majority belong to any church; while it is certain that no one church predominates. As to the use of tobacco, some of our reformers frequently remark that they are astonished and grieved to see so many use it.

For the most part, our young men neither chew nor smoke. How many of them have made the money they brought with them, or how many were supplied by their friends, cannot be known, but from the energy they display, and the careful use they make of money, it may be presumed that they acquired the most they have by their own efforts. Generally, a young man's grip on money is slight, it relaxes unawares, and his hand seldom closes firmly until a female hand, displaying a plain gold ring, is clasped over it. Then it shuts like a vice. It will be difficult to find so many young men elsewhere whose handwriting is so good, who are so competent to do business correctly and quickly, or who are so well acquainted with ancient and modern literature. It must be that they had advantages when young; that kind and intelligent mothers guided and watched over them, and whether here below or high above, they are still praying for them ; that they went into business and mingled with the world early, seeing rough experiences; and finally, that that they became attracted by the pictures they drew of colonial life, and of the peaks and ranges and canons and dells of the Rocky Mountains.

Nothing is more unique than the life which most of these young men lead, KEEPING BACHELOR'S HALL. To the poetic mind of a young man, struggling under difficulties, with a dark and perplexed outlook into the future, no more natural plan for partial relief is presented than that of having a household to himself; and two considerations arise, aside from the economy, which are, he fancies that the food he shall prepare will be more palatable since at this period of life the taste is capricious, and the taking on of new elements, in the completion of the man, imperiously demand certain kinds of food ; while, by establishing himself under a roof which he calls his own, a step forward is taken toward the inevitable destiny of man, when he is to have a companion, and when furniture and adornments and a well ordered house shall proclaim that a new and complete home is established, in which family cares and joys shall arise again. During the first Colonial days lumber was scarce, but instead, there were tents, and in these the young men established themselves, often, on the banks of the river, in a cottonwood grove, and afterwards, some built shanties, and having herein their trunks and bedding, sometimes a hammnck, while they cooked out doors, generally building a fire between stones, and they eat their meals on boxes or rough tables, As warm weather came on, the mosquitoes were found troublesome and many retreated to their lots in town, and when colder weather approached, they improved their dwellings, or rented rooms where several mess together. Sometimes eight or ten can be found taking their meals in a back room from a table promiscuously spread with tin plates and odd pieces of crockery; some sit on chairs, others on benches, and not unfrequently they eat standing, holding a morsel of meat and bread in one hand and a cup of coffee in the other. You may be sure that the floor is not mopped every day, nor that the sheets, if sheets are used, show every night fresh folds made by the flat-iron. Among these young men it is not uncommon to find married men who are engaged in building, and whose families have not yet arrived, and it is to be said that they are not a bit more tidy than their young companions. Others are much better situated, and they have spent the fall in building houses which looK well on the outside, and are well finished and arranged within, being ceiled or plastered ; the windows are well glazed, the doors well hung and everything in good order. They have little cook stoves, and pots and pans and cupboards and dishes, and tumblers for visitors to drink out of, and looking-glasses, and there is always a shelf well filled with books. But the table is set in a hap hazzard way, and when they sit down to eat they so place themselves as to watch some article of food cooking on the stove, generally slap-jacks, that they may be eaten hot. As they are industrious and always have some kind of work on hand, the dishes are shoved away as soon as the meal is over, and when the next meal is to be prepared, these dishes are to be washed, or at least scraped. Some having been tossed much about the world, have learned to be good cooks, and they have imparted their knowledge to the rest, hence, their cooking is generally good ; and with baking powder and our excellent Colorado flour, they make as nice biscuit as ever were eaten. They broil or fry steak nicely, and their stewed fruit is well sweetened. The art of making raised bread has not yet been acquired. Everywhere the tables are without covering, and it is doubtful whether a man running Bachelor's Hall ever provided a table cloth. It is true also, that where women eat and live alone they often dispense with this article, hence, it would seem that a table cloth, full as much as anything else, is representative of the marriage state.

If tjiere are no meetings the lamp is lit, the floor is swept tolerably clean, and a book or magazine is taken up and read until bed time, or, as is often the case, bachelor friends drop in, and they have a sociable chat. So far as our knowledge extends, the conversation of our young men is free from oaths or vulgarity nor is rough ungentlemanly language of any kind used. They take a great many papers and magazines, and it would surprise a stranger to learn that a young man working by the day or month has kept files of the best magazines for years, and that there is no topic of general interest nor any important event of the day of which he is ignorant. Of course each one is the owner of a town lot, often of a business, and of a residence lot, and also of outside farming land. In the progress and growth of the town and Colony he has an equal share, and the time cannot be distant when by the investment he has made of $155 he will have a property which will make him independent, while in the East he could have secured this only by years of persevering industry.

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relop the capabilities of these young men, and, in a manner, they are waiting. Their work is certain sooner or later to come, work, which only themselves can do.

Most Beautiful Youth ! in these last ages, while there are new recognitions of the rights of man, and while the human mind is spreading its wings broader than in any former period, count yourselves fortunate that Providence has made preperation, little by little, through many generations to call upon you to enter the gates that lead to fairer and more active fields than mortal eyes have yet beheld.

^-1One great advantage gained by the members of this colony is, an emancipation almost as great as that enjoyed by the slaves. Wherever we have lived, and through our whole lives, we have been obliged to associate with drunkards and tiplers, who swarmed in every rank of society and who met us at every turn. There were fashionable and unfashionable saloons, gambling holes in cellars, and in chambers of high buildings. At weddings, and festivals, and celebrations was to be found the fashionable glass of wine, and this whether in country or town. New York, with its wealth and immense business; Boston, with its high culture and its prohibatory law, and Philadelphia with brotherly love, are equally cursed with rum ; and in western towns, Chicago, Davenport, St. Louis, St. Paul, & Omaha, are the Germans with their lager beer, and sonorous songs, and Sunday pic-nics. Even in small country towns, were the lager beer saloons, and ragged hangers-on - on all railroads were the Irishmen with their whisky and shellahas, and everywhere young men of promise were .growing red and bloated. All these are left behind. We have been emancipated, and we breathe freer. The day of Jubilee has come.

Colony Fencing.1

The problem we had to solve, in regard to fencing, and concerning which, so much has been said all summer, has been worked out in the determination to fence in the whole of the Colony land, upon the lines of the irrigating ditches. The plan now is, to have a wire fence built in the most thorough manner. The length of the whole line will be about 40 miles ; and $16,000 has been appropriated for this object. The few farmers, not members of the Colony, whom this fence will enclose, make few or no objections, while some think it will be to their advantage, as they will be protected equally with ourselves. The extent of country enclosed will be 15 miles long, and from 3 to 4 miles wide. Taking a straight line, the fence will cross the ditches in several places, since their course depends on the nature of the ground, and runs at almost every point of the compass, by which means, cattle on the outside will have a chance to get water Along the ditch nearest town, and known as No. 3, it is probable that the fence will, for most part, run on the outside, for the reason that water is in great request for household purposes, and there is little doubt but that this mountain water will, in the future, form our chief supply, unless our wells shall, by some means, become better. At first, we thought our well-water was unequalled, but for some cause it has gradually degenerated.

With a grand enclosure around the town and farming lands, the necessity for fencing lots or fields of any size is avoided, and we shall be able to present the pleasing and civilized spectacle of high cultivation without fencing, which, saying nothing about the unsightliness that many enclosures would have, an immense sum will be saved ; that is, to fence all the different parcels of land owned by the several members, will cost, as has been estimated, half a million of dollars. With such an advantage upon the settlement of a new country, the greatest obstacle is removed, and those wishing to find new homes must be greatly attracted by the economy apparent in such a plan.

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expression of opinion that the proper course to pursue is to fence stock, instead of crops, which is precisely what we shall do, though in a most magnificent way, for in keeping our stock on the outside of our ditches, we shall have field, if it may be called a field, enclosed on only one side, which extends outwards in all directions, an indefinite, almost an infinite distance; that is to say, there is free range to the eastward 500 miles, to the west 2000 miles, to the north 8000 miles, and to the south 3000 miles.

The practice of fencing crops arose from the necessities of the hour, not from a clear understanding of the case, and whatever is done under such circumstances is likely to be done wrong. Crops are never aggressive, they make no assaults, they destroy no property, and they only desire to be suffered to grow in peace. Stock, on the contrary, is unruly, senseless, provoking, and foreVer unsatisfied ; and if one reflects a little, it must be seen, that it is property of this kind which is to be restrained by bounds. Jails and penitentiaries and confinement are for the lawless, not for the peaceable. No police, no watchmen, no penalties are required, or thought of for the innocent.

The most intelligent farmers in Illinois, stated years ago, that, by fencing crops, instead of cattle, the State lost many millions of dollars yearly; and in Europe, particularly in those parts where agriculture is the chief interest and farthest advanced, and where the best, the cheapest, and the practical are resorted to in dire necessity, the fencing of crops was abandoned long ago. In England the hedges are being cut away as being not only useless, but injurious, for they are grown at the expense of whatever crops stand within several rods, and thus the hedge row, which is associated with so much other poetic and rural in English literature, is to become a dream of the past.

It will show good sense in us} if we avail ourselves, in the first settlement of a new country, of the experience of others, instead of going through a long series of costly experiments, by which our posperity will be retarded for years, that we may be convinced, at least, of having made a great mistake.

1 Men are constantly in our town from variout points in Colorado, looking for lots or houses, that they may remove hither to secure the advantages of education for their children. Several extensive stock growers and ranchmen have already bought, and are preparing to build. They will keep their cattle 20 or 30 miles distant from town where the range is good and where nobody will be disturbed, hiring herders to take care of the cattle, while they will live in town with their families. It is a great inducement that we have good schools, with the certain prospect of still better ones, and that we have shown ourselves so totally opposed to the sale of liquor that no man will dare put up a saloon for he knows his fate, - knows that he will be cleaned out in less than 24 hours. Did we only desire to make money, to speculate in the best manner in real estate, and to attract monied men among us, without the least regard to principle, we could not adopt a wiser scheme than the one we are carrying out ; and we hope to demonstrate beyond all cavil that the surest way to prospersty is through an organization which insists upon having for its motto, common honesty, and common sense. As to brilliancy, and splendid achievements, these can be left to individuals.

- 2Mr. W. E. Pabor was employed by the Board of Trustees, to put in form the annual report of their body, which being done, he was authorized to proceed to New York, to get the same published, and, also, to publish a lithograph map of the Colony lands and adjacent county. It seems now that the whole task has been executed in a highly creditable and business like manner, and that, instead of being an expense to the Colony, it is likely that in the end the receipts from the sale of these will be in excess of the expenditures. Mr. Pabor resigned a lucrative position, as Post Master, in one of the upper wards, in New York city, to join this colony, and he gives evidence of having been sharpened up by contact with the shrewdest business men in the world ; while, at the same time, it is to be added, he is a worthy member of the Congregational Church, thus furnishing an example so much needed, that of a Christian business man.

- l A visit to the school will be of interest to all who wish to see the chances for education in this far off land. The school in Colony Hall is quite full, and the principal, Mr. Gurley, assisted by Mr. G-arver, have the classes well organized. A recitation room is attached, well warmed and provided with seats, and here, what may be called a second school, is in progress,- pupils in the higher branches being accommodated. From a short visit on Friday, it appears that much of the improved methods of teaching has been adopted ; as in arithmatic, and in the mathematics, and Mr. Gurley gives evidence that he is acquainted with short ways of computation and analysis common in the best schools of the East, and by which a pupil saves much valuable time. !N"o better test, as regards the qualification of a teacher, can be applied than in this respect. Mrs. Guinnea's primary school is full and in a prosperous condition.

[ABSENCE OF SWEARING IN GREELEY.] - 2With tolerable hearing, we have not detected more than half a dozen oaths in our town the whole season. One young fellow swore at his horse, when plowing; three men got mad at cattle in their gardens, and two not belonging to the town, were talking about somebody stealing their water melons. Still, we suppose that a good deal is done here and there, which, in the aggregate, will make a heavy bill for somebody to pay, but as this is not done in public, some deduction will probably be made.

- JThe free Reading Room is now open to citizens and strangers both night and day. Lights and a good fire are provided. Some of our young men are always found sitting by the table. Those who have Books to donate should present them now, for they are needed.

Our Town.2

Business seems to be as good as ever. - Mr. Fisk has reduced prices on leading articles. The photographic gallery of Mr. Johnson's is doing good work, and views of the town are well spoken of. Messrs. Solomon are buisy all day long, with county and town customers, and they add much to the life of the place. Genl. Cameron's drug store has more visitors than any other place, and he keeps all that is equired for in his line, and at moderate prices. Mr. Boetcher is always buisy in the hardware line, and he can do as neat a job of tin work as any workman in the country. Messrs. Hollister & Savage have a full stock of hardware, and it looks as if they could supply stoves of all kinds, for everybody. Our friend Abbott is improving his market house, and yet is always on hand to meet customers. Mr. Talbott's barber shop has a notice in the New York Times. Mr. Nichols, and his clerks, are busy in supplying all kinds of goods, and his merchant tailoring establishment, the only one in Colorado, keeps many needles flying. The young men in Monk's store seem to have all they can do, and their cheap boots and shoes are frequently spoken of. Mr. Pinneo's meat market is as neat and well supplied as ever. The two hotels, the Greeley and Colorado House, have full tables. Mr. Benson is getting ready to help them. - Since the warm weather has come, house building has started again, and Mr. Sanborn is selling lots of lumber, while Judge Hanna does his share. The two blacksmith shops keep pounding out music, and near by, Mrs. Kinison sells butter, as can be learned from the New York Times. The Bank has been moved into the fine building on Main st., and it is to be hoped money will be plentiful. Mr. Van Ghoren keeps all our watches in order. Mr. Higby has horses and carriages, which are tempting in this fine weather.

Mr. Perkins, next door to our office, is selling all kinds of furniture and upholstry to town and country people, at about the same prices as are obtained in Illinois and Wisconsin. Mr. Post's Book Store and News Depot is the head-quarters for our literati, and for all who want articles in his line, and we are in earnest when we say that his prices are lower than in any town west of Chicago.

1 Notice. - The committee respectifully announces, that the Reading Room and Library in the Colony building on Main St., is now open to the public, and extend an invitation to all to visit the same.

Any person having books or periodicals to donate or loan to the Library, will please leave them at W-H. Post's Book Store on Maple St., at their earliest convenience.

Greeley Notes.2

The Greeley Dramatic Association will give their second entertainment next Saturday evening, at which time they will produce Ten Nights in a Bar Room, and Jumbo Jum.

A Farmers' Club has been organized in Greeley, composed of 60 members. They meet every Wednesday evening for the interchange of opinions on subjects connected with farming and fruit growing. They cordially invite persons who visit the town to attend the public meetings. They desire letters from experienced persons, detailing their experience in the following matters : Can broom corn, sorgo, and foreign grapes be grown successfully? They want a list of the varieties, of the different kinds of fruits, which have proved hardy in this climate, and which varieties have proved too tender. How many times, and how late in the season, shall they irrigate fruit trees ? Does not late irrigation cause a late soft growth, which would be liable to be killed during severe winter weather? All letters received will be read before the Club, and published in the reports. The officers are D. Boyd, Pres't; J. M. Clark, Sec'y; J. H. Foster, Corresponding Sec'y.

"The Greeley Tribune announces that the glory of Chicago is about departing, and that Greeley, the refuge of the Saints, is about to become THE CITY of the West. This is 'mighty rough' on Denver. Greeley will, probably, make a small, one horse, agricultural centre for Weld & Co., where potatoes and lycums, and sugar beets, and moral ideas will flourish, snd that will comprise its future. Brother Meeker, of the Greeley Tribune, has, since his arrival in Colorado, taken to spreading himself."

Our friend does not seem to understand that, potatoes, lycums, sugar beets and moral ideas' make a more glorious foundation for a city than any other city in the world posseses. The Miner neglects to mention one other element, we have no grog shops. Now, from our knowledge of the American people, we are convinced, that, in a healthful climate like Colorado, this feature, alone will give to our section and town a population of 50,000 souls. Such has made Vineland, a town of 15,000 inhabitants, and on a soil that is poor enough.

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The truth is, those who found cities have but faint ideas of what is required for success. Here is this Georgetown, six or eight years old, and in the number of the paper, from which we have quoted the above, we find the following item: "The citizens of Georgetown should take immediate steps to build a school house." We have been here about eight months and have two school houses already.

[How THE UNION COLONY WAS ADVERTISED.] - * The projectors of Vineland, N". Y. must have paid over 10,000 dollars in advertising their lands. The Union Colony has paid no 'more than $200 and this mostly was for circulars to members ; and yet we are, and we have been, so well advertised by the American Press generaly, that if it were paid for at common rates it would have cost more than $100.000. NOT have the notices of us appeared in advertising or local columns but in the news and editorial columns, and some of the very best literary writers have contributed their voluntary aid. All this is because we have dealt fairly and honestly, and have kept at bay speculators and land grabbers of every kind.

[HUMOROUS COMMENT ON A REMARK OF MEEKER'S.] 2 Mr. N. C. Meeker, the philosophical vertebra of the Greeley Colony, addressing his brethren of the Agricultural Club, at the meeting on Wednesday evening, touched upon a delicate theme, and unwittingly perpetrated the following axiom : "Wherever you see women, you will see chickens ; and wherever you see a man, you will see a hog." The maxim has the ring of a double entendre, and affords malicious people an opportunity to suppose that the great agriculturalist meant to confound men, hogs, women and chickens in a common relationship.

Omaha Herald On Colonies.3

the compliment. The work which we shall be always glad to do for Wyoming will, of course, be done through these columns, and the HERALD will do all in its power to promote the interests which this Board is intended to advance. This paper has always held the stock growing-agricultural and mineral interests of Wyoming and Colorado to be intimately and inseperably aillied with our own, and for these higher reasons we have been their strenuous advocate. We see in Greeley the nucleus of a great future growth in that country, and and if the colony which founded it succeeds, as we have not the slighiest doubt it will, it will, as we at first predicted it would, be the parent of scores of similar colonies, stretching out through Wyoming and Colorado down to our own borders. The colonized form of immigration is growing in favor everywhere. It is but another expression of the principle of co-operation, which, restricted to those limits will insure the immunity of individual interest and efforts from the destructive theories in which it originated, is undoubtedly valuable to all who adopt it for these and similar objects. We learn from Mr. Davis, the Unson Pacific Land Commissioner, that these coinizing organizations are ripe in the East, and through them, much immigration will be secured this year. The operations of the National Land Company are devoted to promoting it. "Nor is it new even to our own history. Fontenelle was founded by an Illinois colony, so was Fremont. We look to it as a new and powerful element in hastening the settlement of this State and the adjacent Territories, and we add, that it has become such already.

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they brought before the public the moral temperance drama of "Ten Nights in a Bar-Room." It would be unjust to praise one and not another, for each did justice to his part, and they deserve great credit for amateurs. I do not think they can be beaten by any Amateur Association this side of the Missouri River. The cast was as follows: Sample Swichel, J. Higenbotam; Simon Slade, H. C. Watson; Joe Morgan, J. H. Karsner; Frank Slade, E. Nye; Harvey Green, E. Ruthven; Romaine, J. L. White; Willie Hammond, E. H. Abbott; Mrs. Morgan, Mrs. Keeler; Mrs. Slade, Miss E. Hanby; Mary Morgan, Miss Ella Nye; Mehitable Cartright, Miss K. Ruthven.

They concluded their evening's entertainment with an amusing farce, entitled "Jumbo Jum", with the following cast : Jumbo Jum, J. Higenbotam; Mr. Gobbleton, H. Lee; Mr. Cheatem, A. C. Wait; Henry Merville, J. H. Karsner; Hannah, Miss E. Hanby ; Adelaide, Miss E. Ruthven ; Mrs. Gobbleton, Mrs. Keeler.

By request, they repeated the performance on Tuesday evening, the 31st. I would only say that the citizens of Greeley should do all in their power to encourage the association, for they have no cause to be ashamed of it.

During the past few days we have had several accidents. Mr. Whitby of Larimer County, while going up the steps of the Colony Hall, slipped and fell, and met with such injuries as will keep him in bed for several weeks. Also Mr. Bennett of Evans, while getting into a waggon, the front board broke and he fell under the wheels, the horses became frightened, ran away - Mr. Bennett receiving such injuries about the head as will keep him also in bed for a couple of weeks.

Some Of Our Visitants.1

Almost every day one will see fine specimens of trappers, hunters, herders and plains-men in our town, and often as many as forty or fifty are on the streets at one time. Last year we had but few such visitors, now they are coming more and more. First, is the hunter of the plains, who brings in antelope, or, perhaps, carcasses of wolves and wild cats. Sometimes sueh a hunter is dressed in buckskin, with yards and yards of buckskin fringe, and all sorts of trappings, and dangling things, but oftener he is dressed in common garb. No man is more modest or more gentle than the hunter; he speak as low and soft as a lady, and one can scarcely imagine that during the greater part of the year he lives far remote from human habitation, that his food is mostly game, and that if he should be taken into a nice room containing a good bed he could not sleep, for he makes his bed on the cold, cold ground.

Then there is the teamster. He first served his apprenticeship in driving from four to eight yoke of cattle from Atchison, Levenworth or Kansas City to the mountains. He has a quiet meditative way, he looks neither to the right nor left, and his eyes are cast upon the ground as if he were looking for the hoof-prints of lost cattle. He, too, choses the ground for his bed, and on the coldest and most bitter nights, with a pair of good blankets, he sleeps soundly under a t wagon. As a general thing he is short of statute, stocky in frame, and his face is well colored with the sun and tempest. Hb has been in New Mexico and on the Arkansas, and into San Luis Park ; he has stayed for weeks in Salt Lake City, knows all about Boise, and Bannock, and Virginia City, but in all his wanderings he will tell you that for farming, though precious little does he care about it, that there is no place like the Cache la Poudre Valley ; indeed, all the hunters, all the mountain men, all the plains-men, and all the miners have for years been sounding the praises of this valley, - wild and almoat without inhabitants though it has been.

Next is the herder, or cattle man; quite a different character, wearing buckskin leggings, a pistol well sheathed, and a knife in his belt, and a jaunty Mexican hat, while his long Mexican spurs, gingle at every step. Accustomed to violent and protracted horseback exercise, he is- of the wirery, wirest, every limb seems fastened with springs, his eye is on every object, and particulary on objects toward the' horizon; his. manners are free and bold, and he seems ready at. any moment to mount and fly away over the prairie. Perhaps he is a more multi-sided than any of our visitors ; he is as well acquainted with the Mexicans, and we include their women, as with the Americans, he has has ridden along all the valleys of the Rio Grande, Trinity, Red River and San Antonio; the Arkansas and the Divide are as familiar as the creeks and fields in his old school boy rambles, and many a time and day has he ridden past the Black Hills, of the Sweet Water, and past Bridger, on his way to Montana and Idaho. If a proprietor, as he is full likely to be, but it is hard to tell whether he is herder or owner, he may have from ten to fifty thousand dollars in his belt, and he has bought drafts in Denver, perhaps, to the value of millions A most independent, self reliant, firmly standing man is he, whose intimates and friends, if anywhere, are far away ; who is here to-day and gone to-morrow, on his fleet footed horse, and who looks around upon us w'ith a sort of wonder, and perhaps with a sigh, that never more shall his cattle darken our bluffs, nor leisurly stroll across the valley at the close of day to drink at the swiftly flowing river There are not many mountain men in town, in fact the mountains directly West of us have been but partialy explored, and of much of the vast region North of Long's Peak little is known. Some of the trappers, however, have come down, and they have caught several beaver near town. A trapper is at once a wise and simple man. Of the world and of the great changes going on he has little knowledge, except in faint outline, but he is a fair listener, and he seems to like to hear people talk. Still, he has a curious way while listening, of paying the closest attention to everything, around, and even specks on his clothes, or on the floor seem suddenly to occupy his mind. While sitting quietly in a room, he will notice the slightest movement, and even a breath of air, and, perhaps, during half an hour his eyes will take a survey of every object in a room a hundred times. A more harmless, or gentle being, or a wiser one in his craft, than the trapper scarcely lives. Perhaps those well educated men who are remarkable for their sharp perceptions, have desended from ancestors who were trapper?

We print herewith the constitution and regulations of the Union Colony; remarking at the out-set, that the Board of Trustees have agreed to receive members until further notice, for the old sum of $155, insomuch as it is considered that when a man brings his family and all, among us, the matter of $50 in addition will be spent in one way or another, doing the Colony full as much good. The raising of the sum to $205, was made at a time when there were many grumblers, and the effect was such as to advance the price of shares $30 in one day. A great many enquiries are made by people in every part of the United States, for information which the constitution does not impart ; as these enquiries are constantly increasing, we shall try to answer them here.

The town of Greeley is located in the Territory of Colorado, about half way between Denver and Cheyenne, that is, 55 miles from each, and 550 miles from Omaha, partly on the banks of the Cache la Poudre, 4 miles above its entrance into the Platte, while some of its lands cover the most of the delta formed by these two rivers, being an equilateral each side 4 miles long, and which undoubtedly is unequaled for situation, beauty, of scenery, and fertility of soil by any other similar section in the world. This tract is, for the most part, divided into 5 acre lots which are considered of the value of one share or $155. North of the river, and extending east and west many miles, lies the principal farming land belonging to the colony, and it is divided into 10, 20 and 40 acre lots, each of which is considered equal, in value to one share or $155. Members can have more by paying extra. Through this body runs an irrigating canal, 27 miles long, nearly completed. Another canal 10 miles long waters the land above town, the town itself, and the delta, above mentioned. This canal passes along the side of a sloping bluff, about a mile from the centre of the town, and 42 feet above the Park. Water is conducted from this canal to every house and lot in town, and it runs in clear streams on the outer edge of every side-walk, where, in many cases, shade trees have been planted. Water is free to all parcels of land, large or small, but a slight tax is necessary for repairs and supervision.

The soil is unsurpassed for fertility, and it is easily worked, while the yield of wheat, and other small grains, of potatoes and all kinds of roots, and of garden vegetables, is, to say the least, double what it is in the states. The expense of irrigation is slight, and it is a pleasing, rather than a laborious, task. To a great extent, at present, the members of the colony live in the town of Greeley, which lies on both sides of the railroad, but most of the houses are on the west side, and of these, there are over 400, many of them of fine appearance and well finished. There are two large brick blocks, one 100 feet long, several first-class frame stores, a large Colony Hall, and the like. The depot building, recently finished, is a handsome structure 60 feet long. There are three schools, two Lyceums, a free Beading Room, a Brass Band, and Mason's and Good Templars Lodges. The various religious denominations are preparing to build churches. The 1st Baptist church, now building, is a fine structure, it is to have two towers, and the National Land Company, through its President, Col. Loomis, of whom the colony purchased the railroad land, has recently sent a draft of $500 to this church on account of its being the first erected. A planing mill has recently been put in operation, and all kinds of merchantile business is carried on with a large trade, and every description of goods, furniture and lumber, can be had at nearly the same prices as in the States, while a Bank buys and sells exchange on Eastern cities. A grist mill of four run of stone is to be finished by the first of July, 1871. to supply which with power, a canal one mile long is to be built, and this will furnish several water powers for other machinery, In addition, a firm from Saganaw, Michigan, is investing a large sum in the naviga tion of the river for the purpose of running logs from the mountains, in which work they are actively engaged; and they are to have a first-class saw mill in running order as early aa June, to which they will add planing and other works. The river has an average width of 100 feet, as stated by Fremont,

The distance to the canon whence it it issues from the mountains, is 32 miles, it has a course of more than 100 miles within the mountain, and it is fed almost wholly by melted snows. During the months of June, July and part of a August, it is unfordable. Cottonwoods, some of great size, willows and box elders, grow in the meadows along this river and give the whole scene a highly cultivated appearance, although in only a few places has a plow ever broken the sod. On either hand extends the boundless prairie, but to the west 20 miles distant, seeming to be less than 10 miles, appear the great Rocky Mountains, the higher and further peaks being always covered with snow, while their scenery presents constantly changing views; that which is presented one day being quite different from that of any other day. Immense forests of pine, spruce and hemlock are found, and along the foot-hills is almost every variety of the useful minerals, and just out on the plains commences a series of vast coal fields, sufficient for the wants of many ages to come Fourteen miles from G-reeley, a coal mine is now worked and coal is brought into town every day, selling at about $6 per ton. Other mines have been opened recently, and we hesitate not to say that the time can not be distant when coal will be delivered at from $4 to $5 per ton. It is to be remembered that it was only on May last that this whole region was as much a wilderness as it was when Columbus discovered America.

All persons of temperate moral habits are welcome as members, and each is entitled to an equal share. None of the officers of the Colony receive any pay, emolunent or advantages of any kind, and they have freely contributed their services to the value of many thousands of dollars, without expecting any other reward than that of demonstrating to the American people the advantages, over all others, of their plan of colonization, and, also, of having a beautiful town and a prosperous agricultural community free from the baneful liquor traffic and its attendant vices, and immoralities, and we add, that so wonderfully great has been the success of this Colony that no one wishes the plan had been different.

Excerpts From Colorado Newspapers 337

Our plans were so broad at the commencement, that we can yet receive hundaeds and even thousands of members, giving to all lands where they can have homes of their own, and enjoying the blessings of schools, churches and refined society. It is true those coming now cannot have the land which others selected, and which has become valuable, it is also true, that what they select now, cannot afterwards be had by others, when it will, also, have become valuable, but in considering the future developement, the chances are apparently better now than they were nine months ago. Every member is obliged to make actual improvements, that is, to build on his residence lot or out lying property, a dwelling in which he is willing his family shall live, and in this there are no exceptions in favor of any person, high or low. Every member is entitled to select a residence lot, the average price of which is likely to be, hereafter, not much less than $50, an excedlingly low sum, for, unimproved lots at s'econd hand, are held at from $100 to $500. It is necessary then that every member shall have means sufficient to buy his share, to pay for his lot if he wishes to live in town, and to build a dwelling, and to do this $500 would be a small sum for one with a very small family With $1,000 one may get along passably well, but he must be economical and industrious. Late comers seem to be late, but after a little, others come later, and both have the advantage of a town already built, and the prices of every thing in comparison with first days, extremely low

As to employment, the conditions are the same as in all other towns. The Colony employs nobody, and makes no kind of provision for anyone except to secure titles to land. All other affairs are carried on as elsewhere. The opportunities for business, men capitalists, and manafuctures are great. Arrangments are in progress for a high grade of schools. For health, Colorado is unexcelled and it is doubtful whether there are a dozen persons in the whole Colony whose health is not improved; while there are scores who came in a critical state and who have became sound.

Greeley is situated at the head waters of the great Platte river, and by a glance at the map, it must be seen that it is destined to be a railroad centre. A road has been surveyed from

Pine Bluffs on the Union Pacific to Boulder by our town, and the valley below us, nearly 200 miles long to Julesburg, must be traversed by another road at no distant day. The capacity for stock growing in the adjectant country is immense, and a simple statement is sufficient to prove it. Thousands of cattle have lived all winter on the range without hay or grain and they look extremely well.

Soldiers often enquire if they have especial rights on government lands under our canals, we answer no, because the water is Colony property which must be paid for by every one alike.

We often have letters asking what inducements the Colony holds out to poor men. We answer none, for this is not a benevelent enterprise, nor a hospital, but a good place for men with small means who are willing to go to work to get more. "Nor is there any such thing as community of property. We have co-operative societies formed by individuals, and they manage their affairs as they please. The Co-operative Stock Association is an example, and it is doing well, nor could it scarcely fail; the capital stock is divided into shares of $10 each and one may own as many shares as he can pay for, and he will be entitled to dividends from the profits.

Many enquire as to reduced rates of passage. We have made arraingments for reduced rates for members only, which are imparted by letter, and they are not made public. The route hither at present is by Chicago, Chicago Burlington & Quincy, from Chicago to Kansas City, or from St Louis to the same place, thence by Kansas Pacific. Letters of enquiry are to be addressed to W. E. Pabor, Secretary Union Colony, Greeley, Colorado, and money is to be sent either to Horace Greeley, "New York, or to Dr. Emerson, Greeley.

Special Notice To Colonists.1 Excerpts From Colorado Newspapers 339

their lands, are hereby notified that water deeds for the same are to be had by presenting their deeds or statement of the lands held on such deeds, to the undersigned

Also, by vote of the Trustees, each certificate of membership is entitled to five Water Shares of stock in the Union Colony. Those who have received but one are requested to return the same and obtain a certificate certifying to five shares of said stock.

Constitution, Rules And Regulations Of Union Colony Of Colorado.1

The management of the Colony is in the hands of a Board of Trustees, consisting of five persons, elected annually, on the first Tuesday in May, by the members of the Colony.

The Board elect from their own number a President and Vice President; the latter to act as Superintendent when requested to do so, by the Trustees. The Trustees, also, elect a Secretary and Treasurer.

The members of the Colony, also elect an Executive Council, consisting of twelve persons, four of whom are invited by the Trustees, to sit, and act jointly with them. All matters of doubtful policy, coming before the Trustees, are referred to a full board of the Council for opinion and advice.

Any person of good moral character, and of sound temperate principles, may become a member of the Colony, by paying the sum of One Hundred and Fifty-five dollars, by draft, to HORACE GREELEY, Tribune Office, New York City, or to DR. EMERSON, Treasurer, Greeley, Colorado; Provided, that no minor child ender eighteen shall be entitled to hold such membership.

The payment of the sum mentioned in the foregoing paragraph, entitles the holder to a division of outlying land, not exceeding Forty acres, in fee simple, including the perpetual use of Water from one of the Irrigating Canals ; and the further righs of obtaining Water for a Government Eighty, for the sum of One Hundred and Twenty-five Dollars; also, the privilage of selecting a residence lot in the town of Greeley; for the minimum sum of Fifty Dollars.

Parties will obtain deeds for their selections by making such improvements as are satisfactory to the Board of Trustees. The principle idea is, that the party enter on some one portion of his land to improve in good faith ; one year being granted, from the time of becoming a member, for making such improvement.

Reservations of lands shall be made and set apart for Churches, Schools, Colleges, Seminarys, Public Buildings, Parks and such other uses as are calculated to promote the public good.

A part of the funds accuring shall be invested in land, and the remainder in the Construcetion of main Irrigating Canals ; ornamenting Parks, erecting educational and other public buildings, constructing bridges, and such other things as are absolutely necessary to advance the welfare of the whole.

Excerpts From Colorado Newspapers 341 Times In Greeley.1

Eds. Tribune : - This thriving little burg is all alive and active in the erection of dwelling and business houses, some of which would be a credit even to proud and beautiful Denver, being of fine architectural style and built of the best material.

The business men complain greatly of dull times and the scarcity of money, as nothing could be done last year to produce anything for the market, and hence nearly a whole year has been spent by the citizens preparing for the duties and rewards of the present season, who have had all to buy and nothing to sell.

Preparations are being made by which about 15,000 acres will be fenced by the colony, including the town-site, which will insure safety from the stock running at large, and appears to have a tendency to inspire confidence in a good many who felt discouraged.

Last night, about 1 o'clock, the alarm of fire was sounded by the Colony bell, and it was found that the Greeley House was on fire. The citizens rallied promptly, and by hard work and a judicious use of water, the flames were soon extinguished, with but little damage to the house, and none to the furniture. Greeley needs, first, water ; and then an engine.

On the night of the 2d inst., Mr. Higley of this place, had a horse, saddle, bridle and a gun stolen from his livery stable, and yesterday morning the thief was caught, and he and the property stolen were brought into Greeley last evening by Mr. Duncan, of Park Station Creek. The name of the thief is not known, as he refused to give it, but he had a preliminary trial before Justice Childs, at 10 a. m. of this date, and in default of $2,000 bail is remanded to jail until the December term of

- * "Union Colony No 2". is an organization got up in our place recently, which made a location near Ft. Collins and preempted 1600 acres of land, on the supposition that the Pennsylvania canal would water it, but it was discovered it would do no such thing, and the whole thing becomes collapsed; which leads us to remark that during the next few years all sort of schemes will be put on foot, for which one would do well to stand from under; and which leads us to remark that when a Colony is formed as "Union Colony No. 2," it will be known on good authority, and until then, we give fair notice that all such off-shoot are decidedly gratuiteous.

The Last Days Of The Closing Scene.2

The location of this town and Colony, was made on the 5th of April, 1870, and according to the constitution, or original compact, deeds were to be refused for all lands attached to shares not improved within one year, and the lands were to be sold to those who would improve, while the money so received, was to be refunded to such as made the selections, and refused to make the necessary improvements. It was never for a moment supposed but that every member would be on hand to make a selection, for it could not be expected that the Locating Committee were to be authorized to purchase land in good faith, and that they who authorized them should fail, on their part to make selections, for if any considerable number should do so, the result would be the failure and bankruptcy of the whole enterprise. But, inasmuch, as some members have failed to appear and make selections, the Board of Trustees, by a recent vote, has extended the time for making selections and improvements, for one year more.

However, we would speak now of those who came, and who made selections of lots, but who have failed to improve with the expectation that, by some hook or crook, they would get deeds for their lands, which have become valuable, for the reason that the grat majority have gone on, made extensive improvements, and, altogether, built up a nice town That they might have no reason to suppose that any favors would be extended to them, to the manifest injustice of the majority, the Board of Trustees have, on various occasions, voted that improvements must be made, or deeds would be refused, and gradually they have become convinced that they would be obliged to make improvements if they had any expectations of sharing in the advance of real estate, and in the general prosperity. Still, it seems evident that some will fail, and as a portion have pleaded inability, giving various reasons therefor, the Board, at its last meeting, voted that such might have 60 days longer time, after the 5th of April, 1871, but that the price of corner lots would be advanced from $50 to $150, and inside lots from $25 to $100, and that, if, after the lapse of 60 days, no improvements are made, such lots would be open for selection by others; while outside farming lands are also included.

The weather all along has been extremely fine, and activity in the way of building is manifest. Some of the houses going up are of such a character that deeds are sometimes granted with reluctance, and in some cases they have been refused. A farmer living East, holding two certificates, and generally supposed to be wealthy, selected two first class lots last spring, and he built thereon two shanties of the value of $40 or $50 each. Last Fall he applied for deeds to the same, having meanwhile returned East, and was refused. He now writes in beseeching manner, saying that he has improved to the best of his ability, and that he hopes to bring on his family to occupy the dwellings; but as he does not bring them, deeds are still refused - Some others, at this date, are rushing up small buildings, in which the lumber is of a cheap character, and it is stretched as far as it will possibly go ; the shingles, in some cases, being lapped only half their length, and spread far apart, and they hope by such trifling structures to obtain deeds to property which others have made valuable. Their success is to be seen after their applications shall have been acted upon. In one case, after a deed was granted on an improvement, the house was moved upon an adjoining lot, and a deed asked for this same improvement, which, of course, was refused, for the Trustees keep well informed. In short, the same games are attempted as are common in preempting Government lands, such as having houses on wheels; but every move of this kind is immediately noticed, and the little speculators are obliged to invest to some extent.

Still, solid investments in the way of genuine improvements are constantly going on, and the demand for lumber and builder's hardware is heavy. The mountain mills and the mills in the Black Hills, in the region of the Larimer Plains, are running night and day, and from 5 to 10 car loads of lumber arrive daily. Only about two weeks remain before the clock shall strike 12 at midnight, bringing to a close the days of probation, of many anxieties and labors and of successful endeavors - and bringing in the anniversary of the day when the Union Colony was located in a wilderness, where the savage still lingered.

Canal Number Two.1

On Friday last, water was let into Canal No. 2, through the head gate, 12 miles above town. As the river is now at the lowest stage, only about eight inches of water in depth ran over the apron. A slight wing dam would give more than double the depth. It is thus demonstrated that the position of the head gate is as low as is necessary, and that there can be no possible failure in getting water into the Canal. When the river rises, in May, this Canal will receive water enough to flood the whole country; and now, so far as the farmers fearing that they will not have water enough, they had better be on the look-out that they do not get too much ; and it will be necessary to establish strict regulations.

It is to be remembered, here, that the Board of -Trustees are about to adopt such needful laws in regard to the use of water from Canal No. 3, which waters the town, and the 5,000 acres adjacent, as will give to each cultivator a sufficient amount of water, and at as frequent periods as may be necessary; for it was seen last year that if avery person is allowed to use water, a vast amount would be wasted, and it was evident that some are naturally so careless that if the Mississippi river were at their command, it would be insufficient, while fields would be swept away. It is proposed to adopt so much of the regulations of the Salt Lake people, as shall be found applicable the general plan of which is, to divide the tillable land into districts under the control of a Water Board, and the whole under the control of a Water Commissioner, who gives personal supervision to the furnishing of water, and whatever pertains thereto. Canal No. 2 must be governed in like manner. We would add that, so soon as the early part of next week the water in this Canal will have come down almost 16 miles, something more than half its length, and that it will be filled at an early date from one end to the other.

People are now busy putting in grain under this Canal, and the whole region is said to be rapidly crystallizing into a farming scene. Meanwhile, the antelope timidly peep over the gentle swells, looking at the great change in the feeding grounds, which have been their's for unknown centuries, and the gray wolf and the cyote, and the badger, and the prairie dog, are getting ready to depart from their ancient habitations.

- 1 The Committee, consisting of Messrs. Holmes, Childs and Wilber, commence this week with the 15 or 20 miles of fence, along Canal No. 3, which is to be built on the lower side, that is, on what may be called the tow-path. From the bottom of the Canal to the top of the fence, it will be 8 or 9 feet. Work is to be prosecuted with vigor, and with all the force of men and teams that can be had.

- *Mr. Greeley, will be glad to learn that a good many families are living over the river on their farms, having left the town, and that they are plowing large breadths. Water has come down the Big Canal, 3 or four miles ; and so soon as the work is completed on a few contracts, water will be let in through the whole length of 27 miles.

- 2The Bridge over the Cache La Poudre is to be commenced forthwith ; and the piles will be on hand this week. The length is to be 150 feet. Mr. BT Holmes, is in charge. Inasmuch as we shall require several bridges, it has been thought best for the Colony to have a pile driver made which will cost about $250

Land Speculation.3

Great opportunities are presented in this Colony for studying the social system, for it is constructed piece by piece, and put together before our eyes, much as the human body is put together piece by piece, in a manakin. Units, or individuals came hither, equal one to another; one owning no more land than another; no one having privileges nor opportunities. But changes are gradually going on, and the most notable feature is the accumulation of land by a few individuals, who, having ready money, quietly buy out the needy, or the disaffected; and it is evident that we are to have some large landed proprietors among us. For this, there is no help, because the original owners have neither ambition nor ability to hold on; and if they make a few hundred dollars, they consider they are successful, not thinking that they are losing thousands; and it is shown that there can be no device, nor scheme by which weak men can be made strong; while the idea which they and their friends had, that by simply joining the Colony they were to be made something of, vanishes.

Still, there is a large class, numbering, perhaps, threefourths of the members of the Colony, who are not disposed to sell, or if they do sell, it is for the purpose of buying again immediately, and they intend to make their homes here, and to live and die here. The struggle is coming on between them and the large land owners, for there must be equal taxation, and bearing of burdens, and if the rich men can stand it, all right. It is not improbable, however, that in a short time subdivisions of the large pieces will begin ; indeed, it may be reasonably supposed that the lands of weak men have been bought, to be subdivided, and sold at an advance, which should encourage original proprietors to hold fast.

These considerations demonstrate the wonderful success of this Colony. Nothing is more cautious or timorous than capital, and when we see it freeley invested in real estate, we may be sure that conditions are fixed, and that future progress is certain. Perhaps the capitalists are doing far more good than harm, for they lead the way with a firm tread, and give to the whole community a support and confidence not otherwise attainable.

- 1It looks hard to see men who have done nothing since last spring but bottom chairs' now sell out their shares for $500 to $1000 each, while others have been hard at work making their shares worth this much. However, they who do not sell make the most money, and they lose most who sell. A young man who sold a business lot last Summer for $200 thought he was in

Another sold a five acre lot last June for $175, and bragged about it, and now he is not worth enough to buy it back and if he should work 12 hours a day he would not be able to earn money as fast as that land rises. So you see, the real speculator holds on and works while the weak speculator only expects.

1 Rapid progress is making with the fence along canal No. 2, and the enlargement of said canal will be completed this week, when floods can be had, if wanted.

Fence Building.2

The work of building a grand fence around the larger portion of Colonial property is going forward rapidly. Nearly all the posts, 10,000 in number, have been delivered and several miles have been set, and wire is to be strung soon. After making many enquiries in St. Louis, Chicago, and Denver, so as to get good wire at the lowest rate, it has finally been bought of one of our business firms, Messrs. Salomon Brothers, at 7% cents per pound, delivered here in Greeley. In addition to wire, a pole not less than 3 inches in diameter at the top, is to pass from post to post, about mid-way in the wires, which must prevent cattle from putting through their heads.

The posts deserve especial notice. They are fully 7 feet long, wholly of solid pitch pine, will average nearly 8 inches in diameter, and, although of light material, many of them are as heavy as an able-bodied man can well lift, Ordinary posts, such as many of the farmers use, appear worthless in comparison. The specifications and contracts for these posts were made mostly by Mr. N. Holmes, who has full charge in the building of the fence, and we are sure that every member of the Colony will feel indebted to him for the thoroughness, experience and good judgment lie brings to this enterprise, for he intends to show that a wire fence can be made which shall effect the object for which it is intended.

The number of acres enclosed will exceed 35,000, and of these scarcely 500 acres are owned by persons not members, though it is to be said, that they contribute something to the expense. This is a most important work, nor is there anything of the kind enclosing so many pieces of land owned by different persons anywhere else in the world. When the fence shall be finished we mean to give a full description of it, and to show how economical and profitable it must become.

Sale Of Lots.1

At a Special Meeting of the Board of Trustees held ory the evening of April 6th, the following resolutions, offered by Gen. R. A. Cameron, were adopted, and ordered published:

RESOLVED, That all the Business Lots east of Madison street, except those occupied by Colony buildings, and until now reserved for the purpose of being sold at an advanced price for the erection of Educational Buildings, be put into market at the following prices, to-wit : All corner Lots, including the Lots lying next east to the Side-track of the D. P. R. R., One Hundred and Fifty Dollars each, and all other Business Lots One Hundred Dollars each; and that SATURDAY THE 15TH DAY OF APRIL, at 1 % o'clock, P. M., under the charge of the Superintendent and Secretary, a drawing shall take place, at which time all members of the Colony, not having had a Business Lot, and having obtained a deed on improvements, or having had one granted, shall be eligible to make a selection: Provided, that within 5 days thereafter the money on such selections shall be paid into the Treasury.

All the money obtained from the reserved lots sold, shall be sacredly set apart for the erection of a Graded School building ; and as soon as $5,000 are obtained, said Graded School building shall be commenced.

After the drawing for said reserved business lots, they shall be opened for location under the rules and regulations of the Colony: Provided, however, that the money on said lots shall be paid at the time of location, and a deed obtained.

All the Resident Lots in said territory will be offered also, on and after the said drawing, at the price of One Hundred and Fifty Dollars, for corner lots, and One Hundred Dollars for inside lots, to be paid for on location, to all members entitled to locate a Residence Lot. Said money to be set apart, and used as aforesaid.

Persons entitled to enter their names, will be required to present their deeds, or certificates (if deeds have not been taken up) at the office of the Secretary, as evidence of their right to enter into such drawing.

Hotel De Comfort.1

In the account we give of Forefather's Day, is a poem; by the Colony Poet Laureate, Mr. Pabor, which requires explanation. Upon making the location for the colony, one of the first steps taken was to contract with a saw mill man for 70,000 feet of lumber, which was to have been delivered at once, but he brought only a few loads, for he held back for a higher price, which, in our necessities, he expected to get. Therefore when families arrived there was no shelteir, and Mr. West was directed to go to Cheyenne and buy a building, and have it brought down on the cars, which was done, and it was erected on the corner of Jefferson avenue and Main street, where it stands to day, 64 by 34 feet, though greatly changed, for it is transformed into the Tabernacle.

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smaller being devoted to families, and the larger to men. It was long used for colony meetings, and public worship. In both divisions bunks were built against the walls, and large quantities of hay were used first and last, for bedding. There was neither plaster or finish of any kind ; and cooking was done out doors in stoves, or by fires built on the ground. So fast as houses were completed families moved out while others newly arrived, filled their places. The Editor of this paper arrived early in June, and lived here nearly a week, then moved into a shanty, which was decidedly prefererable.

The largest room, occupied by men, and to a great extent by those who were uncertain whether they would stay, early became the head-quarters of the grumblers and disaffected who took especial pains to inform all new comers, that the colony was a swindle, and that the officers were no better than robbers. There is good evidence that men with families became so discouraged, as to return to the states, when if they had fell into other hands, they would have remained, much to their advantage. Still, many occupants were not easily moved, they were firm friends to the colony, and it was through them that the officers were informed, early, of every revolutionary attempt. Several demagogues, living in other quarters, who had joined the colony in a spirit of speculation, made it a point to visit the Hotel de Comfort, and by inflamatory language arouse the prejudices of the inmates; and to these must be attributed the inauguration of some measures which have resulted in serious embarrassments, the effects of which are felt to-day, but these however, are not of sufficient magnitude to effect the general organization. For some time after we arrived, there were crowds of excited and dissatisfied men around this establishment, who did no work, and who spent all day and part of the night, blabbing, and it was easy to gather a crowd of forty or fifty men at a half minute notice. The remedy was found in the example set by some in going to work at building and improving and in the firmness which the officers manifested in carrying out the principles, on which the colony was founded. Another thing aided in the remedy which was the establishment of several new lumber yards, and the price soon sank from $50 to $40.

then to $35, and finally to $30 per M. for common fair lumber. Progress would have been impossible while there was a monopoly in this comodity. As new houses were built, Hotel de Comfort became less like a Jacobin Club, when a substantial support began to be extended to the officers, and this support has increased in the ratio that genuine improvements have been made. And yet, something of a rabble was left in those who had little idea of going to work, and they lived there all Summer and Fall, with no kind of business, cooking their victuals at little fires while they passed the greater part of each day going from store to store, and from one group of workmen to another, discussing glibly on all sorts of subjects, and in [p] articular, on the manner that the colony should be managed. It was not long before their worthlessness became apparent, and they sank in reputation about as low as was for the common good, for it must be remembered that they were members. Their numbers grew less and less, as cold weather approached, and finally the last one disappeared. During December and January, the long dreary halls were deserted. In February, it was resolved to unite the two rooms, and convert the whole into one large hall, for Sunday worship and other uses, and under Mr. Whipple, the work has been well done. It was the ghost of this building, of the days which we have reviewed, .that the poet permits us to hear complain.

A greater knowledge of mankind would have lead us to forsee that in a colonial enterprise, like ours, such a club of persons, as made the Hotel de Comfort a sort of mid-night horror, was inevitable. For they were of those whose heated imagination led them to conclude that they were to find here a new Eden, where work and endeavor no longer were to be attached to the nature of man, as a condition leading to success, but when they found that new skies gave them no new powers, they declared they had been deceived, which was true enough, and they lingered and complained, making all the trouble for themselves and for others that they had the ability to make, but when cold weather came their powers were exhausted and they departed for other shores. - Happily, meanwhile, the great majority enterered upon the work, of making new homes, and, as a result of their well directed efforts, it is now seen that they have laid foundations upon which a city is building, the boundaries of which are scarcely to be encompassed by the eyes of children already born.

New Lots In The Market.1

According to the original Constitution or compact of the Union Colony, a certain portion of the town lots were to be held in reserve, to be sold after the settlement of the town, at advanced prices, the proceeds from which were to be devoted to educational purposes. A year having expired, and the settlement of the town made, the lots which have been held in reserve are now to be sold at from $100 to $150 each. They lie, for the most part, on each side of the Railroad, and as many of them are business lots, an opportunity is presented for those wishing such to get them. The particulars of the sale appear elsewhere in our columns; and it will be seen that the sum realized, which is to be paid in five days, is to be used for building a Graded School House, which it is expected will cost not less than $10,000. Those who understand the growth of towns must see that the erection of such a building will immediately double the value of the lots now to be sold, besides, all other real estate will be increased in value ; the town itself will receive new life, and business and every kind of industry will be doubly sustained.

A brief visit to this town convinces us that it is the most wonderful example of what may be done by concerted action, that exists in the world. A year ago the location had been selected, and that was all. To-day there is a city at least the fourth in rank in the Territory, and its numbers are still increasing faster than any other except Denver. Real estate has adiThe Greeley Tribune, April 12, 1871, p. 2. 2The Denver Tribune, April 13, 1871, p. 4.

vanced proportionate with the increase in the population. A lot on main street, which cost the colony $1.28 a year ago, and was sold by the colony for $25, was this week sold by the former purchaser for $800. The receipts at the post-office for the sale of stamps, amounts to $600 per quarter. The town is alive to all the improvements necessary for a good community. Reserved lots are now being sold so as to raise $12,000 for a nice school-house. As soon as $5,000 are raised work will be commenced. The Baptist church have a large and handsome church well towards completion, and the Methodists will shortly commence.

The machinery for a $10,000 grist-mill is ready, and the mill will be in operation in two months. A saw-mill is also located in town, to which the logs will be driven from the mountains by way of the Cache-a-la-Poudre. The great canal is a wonderful specimen of the year's work. It is 26% miles in length, and will be lengthened six miles this year. At the head it is 31/2 feet deep, and 12 feet wide at the bottom. The next five miles is 11 feet wide and 21/£> feet deep, and every succeeding five miles is one foot less in width.

Wednesday evening the Good Templars gave a festival to raise money to purchase an organ, and a great time was expected. We regretted our inability to accept many kind invitations to remain and participate. The Committee of Arrangements for the festival were, Mrs. M. E. Howe, Mrs. J. C. Abbott, Gen. R. A. Cameron, M. W. Lansing, Mrs. S. B. Wright, Miss Amanda Hanna, S. B. Milner, and W. H. Bennett.

The Odd Fellows have organized a lodge, which will be instituted on the 26th, by Grand Master McLaughlin. tho occasion to be celebrated by an elegant ball and supper. Denver Lodge No. 1 is expected to be present on the occasion, which is the anniversary of the foundation of the Order in America.

The Missouri Valley Life Insurance Company, through its Agent Mr. Fisher, is hard at work among the Greeley people. Mr. Fisher is organizing a local board, composed of such men as Gen. Cameron, F. L. Childs, W. E. Pabor, E. Hollister, and others. The colony election occurs in May.

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Last Wednesday evening, April 10th, the first anniversary of the location of Union colony was celebrated at Greeley. Mr. Meeker made a lengthy speech, recounting a history of the inception of the colony and its success. General Cameron, Mr. H. F. West, and others, also addressed the meeting, and Mr. Pabor read a poem.

The Greeley Tribune of this week says that the work of building a grand fence around the larger portion of the colonial property is going forward rapidly. Nearly all the posts, 10,000 in number, have been delivered and several miles have been set, and wire is to be strung soon. The number of acres enclosed will exceed 35,000.

The receipts of the Greeley postoffice are about $600 per quarter. The first mail was received about the 10th of last May, and there were only four letters. The office is rated among offices of the third class; by next year it will undoubtedly be advanced. Next July it is to be made a money order office.

Mr. Meeker states that Mrs. Lyman, wife of J. B. Lyman, agricultural editor of the New York Tribune, is the writer of the interesting articles in that paper entitled "Home Interests."

Latest From Greeley.2

farmers are all busy putting seed into the ground, and there is every prospect of having large crops this season, if the water holds out. An immense amount of water is required for irrigation purposes - more than one not having a large experience would suppose - and although the ditches have recently been made nearly double the size of the original plan, yet they are still too small to permit all this large tract of land to be thoroughly worked this season. Those now engaged in agricultural pursuits will find out before Fall this fatal mistake, and many crops will undoubtedly suffer for it. Stockmen will, however, have no reason for complaint, and in a short time we shall have large and numerous herds here and in this vicinity. Several of our enterprising stockmen have large flocks of sheep, and I am told they are thriving beyond all anticipation.

The "Great Sensation" has subsided for the present, although by the heroine's last confession, some ten or twelve of our citizens are implicated - among them Dame Rumor mentions some of our married men.

On Friday last the G. W. Y. Y. Club gave their closing "hop", which was well attended by the "bon ton" of Greeley. Every one enjoyed themselves hugely, and we saw among the vast throng many noble men and fair ladies. The services of the gentlemanly and affable Dr. Frank Pinneo were engaged for floor director, which in itself is a sufficient guarantee of a general good time, while the music by Smith's Quadrille Band was as it always is, Al. This was the grand event of the season, and did space permit, I should be happy to mention who were there, and descriptions of the many elegant costumes.

The "Greeley Dramatic Club" after several weeks of strict rehearsal, will give an entertainment shortly, when they will produce a new moral drama, entitled "Ten Nights in a Bar- Eoom," and interlude, and close the entertainment with "Paddy Miles' Boy." Dr. Karsner - the popular assistant at Dr. H. B. Turtle's, is the stage manager.

The "Mutual Admiration Society" met in concourse large and grand, at the Tabernacle on Friday, April 5, 1871, and poured forth self praise for about four hours to an audience of some 600.

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This meeting was evidently worked up for electioneering purposes, but it will not work. Too much old fogy ism will ruin Greeley. What is wanted here is a new set of officers, or else let the affairs of the colony be wound up, and the place run under a town organization. Then if the Denver Pacific Railway wishes to appoint Messrs. Meeker and Pabor, or Gen. Cameron, as their agent for the sale of railroad lands, let them do so. As it stands now, there is a great deal of dissatisfaction on the part of the people, and the "Growler Club" is numerous.

If we are to have a new President, let an active, wideawake, goahead man be chosen; and if such a man is selected, he will be sure to be elected. There are men here who are better adapted to manage the affairs of the colony than those now in power. And we earnestly hope that before the coming election, which takes place early in May, that the sound and sensible men will meet and prepare their candidates, and not allow things to be run in the present manner. Be up and on your guard before it is too late.

At this electioneering meeting on the 5th of April, why were only the "Chosen few" called upon to address the audience ? We should liked to have heard remarks from such men as Judge Plato, Col. Gipson, Counsellor Knowles, and others who were present, and are gentlemen well qualified to address a public assemblage. They would have told us a plain and unvarnished tale, not about visions and the N. Y. Tribune. As to the cause of these great dissatisfactions, they are as numerous as the sands of a desert, but until some future time I will only mention two of minor causes : First. According to the articles by which "Union Colony" was organized, all those who paid the sum of $155, and were not disposed, or unable to improve their shares according to the conditions, should at the end of the year, which expired on April 5th, 1871, have refunded to them their original one hundred and fifty dollars, with seven per cent, interest for use of the money. Several different parties have informed me that the officers of the colony have refused to comply with this part of the contract. Then, secondly. Two of the principle officers are engaged in the real estate business, and are using the colony office for that purpose.

Colony Matters.1

The Greeley colony, of which we have made mention at some length in another portion of this paper, has just issued a circular concerning new certificates of membership. From it we quote: "Any proper person may become a member of the Union colony of Colorado, upon complying with the following conditions: The payment of fifty dollars ($50) entitles him to two shares of stock and a resident lot, valued at the said fifty dollars. The payment of one hundred dollars entitles him to four shares and the selection of a resident lot of the value of one hundred dollars."

Colonial Immigration.2

Greeley, April 17, 1871. - The Union colony of Colorado has now completed its first year. From a review of its history and its progress important information may be gained, as well as encouragement for a continuance of the new system of immigration which it inaugurated. The Union colony was an experiment. Immigration by colonization was a new idea, and like all new ideas its value had to be demonstrated by practice, and its utility by success. In full faith that the practical workings of the system would more than realize the claims of the theory the colony was founded, and at the close of the first year success has placed its imprint not only upon the organization itself, but has illustrated the correctness of the idea, and fully demonstrated its 'claims as the most practical and efficient method of peopling the great west, and of opening up and developing the vast and varied resources which here abound, and which await only the hand of industry to be turned into productive wealth. The Union colony is a pioneer, and whatever of value, whatever of information, whatever of encouragement is derived from the first year of its history, should be gratefully acknowledged, and the same honor yielded as would be given to the individual who manfully wins and deserves success in a new and untried field of thought or of endeavor.