Sullivan directory, 1872

i 1871 Frank Buckley

BETHEL was formed from Lumberland, March 27, 1800* Cochecton was taken off in 1828. It lies upon the high ridges which form, the watershed between Delaware and Mongaup rivers, a little south-west of the center of the County. Its sur- face is broken and hilly, and many of the declivities are steep and rocky. It is drained easterly by the West Branch of the Mongaup and several smaller streams which are tributary to that river, and westerly by the Callicoon Creek and a branch of the Ten Milo Creek. The Mongaup forms its eastern boundary. Its surface is dotted by many small lakes, which form a beautiful and romantic feature of the landscape. White Lake,* near the center, named from its white sandy shores and

On pags 67, in the 1st Vo', of the Poems of Alfred B. Street, this lake ie noticed by " it is in the- form of a pair of b«£v » intrs expanded." James E. Quinlan. however, asserts on the authority of Street, that this definition is merely the result of the latter's poetic fancy. We make the following extract from the poem'on this lake, which appears in the same work:

" Pure aS their parent springs ! how bright The silvery waters stretch away,

Reposing in the pleasant light Of June'* most lovely day.

" Curving round the the eastern side,

TC' h meadow* slope tbeir banks, to meet.

With fringe of era** and fern, the tide Which sparkles at their feet.

" The ploughman *eee the wind-winded deer Dart from hU covert to the wave,

And fcarie** ?n Us mirror clear His branching antlers luve.

** Here, the green headlands seem to meet So near, a fairy bridge might cross ; In 'etnooth. uarutlh'd gloss. *

''Arched by the Jh: elect** screening leavoB,

Where on the sand each ripple weaves its melting wrest h of snow."

Rev. J. B. William*, pan tor of the Reformed Presbyterian Church at .White Lake, formsbes the n>l lowing interesting particulars respecting this lake and the surrounding country, which wc copy verbatim:

bottom; is noted for the beauty of its scenery, and is becoming a favorite summer resort. Several large boarding houses have j : been erected on its banka for the accommodation of visitors.

*' This is the deepest lake in Sullivan County. B y actual measurement, James E.

I Hunger found the northern end 80 feet deep, and the narrows 70 feet. Formerly the i lake contained the largest trout ia the world. These trout had carmine spots, which is | unusual for lake trout. ( Sctlm-o Con finis.) In th-e winter of 1832, Charles F eono Hoffman, an ; author whom cone will dispute, saw & trout takers from White Lake which weighed six pounds. In Feb'y 1843, Lewis Piatt caught one which weighed eight pounds fourteen oz, j A sketch of this fiVu was drawn on a board at the old Lake House. It was the same year ; that James B. Finlay employed an Indian to take black bass from Lake George and put | them in White Lake, from which they have been - distributed. to other lakes and ponds.

" The old Lake House stood upon the ground now occupied by Harold Henwood for a private residence. It was built for the accommodation of travelers and was occasion-.

\ ally & place of resort for those who wished to spend a few days in fishing and hunting S fifty years ago. In the year 1S46, Mr. Finlay buiit the first hotel for summer boarders.

It was kept"by Simon M. Jordan, George B. Wooldridge, Stephen Sweet and others. The business did not pay until the Mansion House was built by a club of wealthy New Yorkers, who made an arrangement by which D. B. Kinne became proprietor, after-

{ " In the year 18R6 the Grove Hotel was erected and occupied by George Wooldridge,

j Two years later, Capt. Wm. Waddell .constructed ' Sunny Glade ' Bearding House. In ! none of these houses is kept any bar for the sale of intoxicating drinks, as The design is I to accommodate the better class of boarders. Since the opening of greater facilities of access to the metropolis by newly constructed Railroads, it is sometimes difficult to accommodate the increasing number of summer visitors.

"Napoleon Wooldridge, of the Defective Police, N. Y., has just finished a beautiful cottage on the southern shore of the lake, and his example is about to be followed by some of his friends. Rev. Mr. Williams has also completed a hooded building accom- modated to the scenery on the side of the lake. Newcomb Mapes, in his humble way, has just completed a snug home for his family. Time and space would fail to tell of Mercer and Hunger and Corley and Potts and Gregory and Vauorden, who, like the philosopher, have sought a place to-put. down a lever and 'move the world,' and have , obtained their design by securing a home for their families.

" The supposed name of this beautiful body of water is 'Kona on gs.* Frequented no doubt it was by the Indians, for the purpose of fishing, and possibly, at some remote period, the blood of battle may have crimsoned its surface, as the number of darts found at its northern extremity would seem to indicate. But the trail Of the red man of the forest has faded from the memory of living men iu the vicinity, yet the natural lovelt- 1. nese of the place occupies in more cultured society the pen of the poet and the pencil of the artist.

"Mount Wilder rises south of the Jake with gentle declivity, and recedes from the ahore about 800 feet, where it reaches a point of more than sixteen hundred feet above tide water on the Hudson. If a magnificent view is sought for, this eminence will suit the purpose.

" Slumbering beneath, lies the lake, fed by internal springs and not by rivulets. Its waters wash a shore of pebbly white sand, and when the rhododendrons blossom, at the end of June, the whole winding confines look like enchantment. Let the surface be | dotted with boats in gay colors, and a view is presented in summer months which one ; never tires of seeing. Away to the north you see eloping farms, framed in groves of ;

I natural beauty, up to the very summit of Mount Sherwood, as it looms up into the serene | heavens. A spur of the Catskills makes a show back of Shaudaken hills. Then on the right, ' the smoky range of the Sb:iwangunk'*is lost in the glades and forests of the j Neveraink. As the eye sweeps the distant scenery, it detects an almost unbroken ! cham of mountains lying around the whole circle of the horizon, including undefined - summits back of Port Jervis, and also the Susquehanna range in Pennsylvania.

"There is not the bold configuration of Newburgh Bay and the richly laden vessels i' of commerce, nor the island which Headley calls 'a child of adjacent hills,' but there ' is more of the repose which attracts mostly 'those who relish retirement from the active . j scenes of busy life, j

; *' To crovvu ad. there is an atmosphere ns pure as any on the face of the globe. The i

j bottom of the lake is rock and sand, and the surface lying so high, no miasmatic qual- j I sties will ever infect the air. The region is that of hemlock, piue and balsam, exhaling i life-giving qualities; but here the locust never lives. Physicians frequently send i - here invalids to recover health. Instances almost incredible toight be furnished of i restoration. So those who wish to combine rare scenery and healthfulue&s, find a ; sojourn here during the warm summer months emiuentiy desirable."

The other principal lakes are Birch Ridge Pond in the north- j west, Horse Shoe and Pleasant Ponds in the north, Mallory j Pond in the west, Indian Field Pond in the south, Big and I "Wells Ponds on the south line, and Chestnut Ridge Pond, Black Lake and Lake Superior near the center. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam, intermixed in places with clay, and resting on slate. It is of a pretty good quality and is well adapted to grazing. The settlements are comparatively new, and the people are chiefly engaged in stock raising, dairying, lumbering and tanning, the latter being the principal business,. Large quan- tities of butter and beef are annually sent to market. There are at present in the town three Presbyterian and two Methodist churches, three tanneries, three flouring mills, fourteen saw mills and nine stores.

The town has an area of 53,472 acres, of which, according to

year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained fifteen school districts and employed fifteen teachers. The number of children of school age was 1,157; the number attending school, 892; the average attendance, 368; and the value of school houses- and sites, $3,911. The schools of this town will com- pare favorably with those of any other in the County.

Mongaup Valley, (p. v.) situated on the Mongaup River, and Newburgh and Cochect on Turnpike, near the center c*f the eavStline of the town, is a flourishing village and contains two churches, (Associate Reformed Presbyterian and M. E.,) two stores, one hotel, one large tannery,1 * one grist mill, one saw

*ThiB tannery, of which W. Kferetcd & Co. are proprietor?, is situated on the Mon- gaup River, by which stream it* motive power if? furnished, and Is admitted to be the model tannery ia the County. Per hap* it would not be extravagant to say ibis of it in respect to .the whole country, for it*? internal arrangement and the various processes employ' d in the manufacture, ara characterized by such neatness, fitness and con- venience as is consistent with the business, and in striking contrast with moat estab- lishments of Uie kind. So marked are these features in this establishment that we deem it worthy of especial n ' ce, and we have, through the courtesy of the gentle- manly proprietor-*, been permitted t" inspect critically the departments of their works, and have been furnished, by them with statistics, which are descriptive, not only of the manufacture of leather in general, but of this tannery in particular. This was the first tannery erected ia The town. On the otli of August, 1847. Wvnkoop and John Kieruted entered into » contract with John t\, Richard M., J. Howard, Margaret 31., Maria L., Cornelia R. anu Robert L. i it tut* on securing to them the hemlock bark on a tract of land of about ten t.ioz-^ui acre*, known &a the Tillotson Tract, it being Great Lot 15 of the Harden nnrgh Latent, which contract with its renewal embraces a term of thirty j

! -' four sets of Hide Mills. for softening and cleansing

hide# ; in «? large vats for soaking ki< md eight nnd frground rooms - Iti feet long, b feet wiue and ill l«et Sigh - built with stone and covered with a heavy body of earth to keep them of even temperature. _ iu these the hides, after being cleansed and softened, are suspend**! uu hooks mi til putrefaction advances far enough to loosen the hair, when they are taken out ami cleansed in the Hide Mills, after which they are worked over the Ream - a process which consists of shaviug off the loose fie sit and any .

mill, three blacksmith shops, one shoe shop, one wagon shop, one harness shop, an excellent high school, and about 300

I Bethel, (p. v.) located a little west of the center, on the j Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike, contains three stores, one hotel, one wagon shop, three blacksmith shops, two shoe shops, a tin shop, and about thirty dwellings and 150 inhabitants.

BrsHYiLLE, (p. v.) situated, on the Mongaup River, in the north-east part, contains one store, one tannery,* one black- smith shop, one saw mill, seventeen dwellings and about eighty

White Lake (p. o.) is situated at the south-east extremity of the lake from which it derives its name, on the Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike, and contains one church, (Reformed Presbyterian) one store, one school house, five boarding bouses, twelve dwellings and sixty-seven inhabitants. The location of White -Lake, in the midst of a region of great natural beauty,

remaining- hair; they are then passed into the handlers, which contain thirty-two vats, 8 feet long, 4% feet wide and 5 feet deep, in which they are colored and plumped, and from which they are passed into the yard, which contains 163 layaway vats, 8 feet long,

7 feet wide and 5 feet deep, where they are packed away with bark sprinkled between, them, and submerged with tan liquor. This operation is repeated every two to four weeks until the hides are tanned, which requires from four to five months. When tanned, the sides of leather are passed through the scrubbing machine, (which consists of a rapidly revolving cylinder, containing brushes, over which water is kept running,) and cleansed frora all fifth. They are next passed into the second story, where they are suspended on sticks until dry. when they are sprinkled with water, and, after becoming sufficiently softened, are passed under a braes roller, subjected to heavy pressure, until they become firmly sot and highly polished, after which they are passed to the third story, where they are again dried,* and are then ready for market. The Leach IXoaee is ICO feet long. In it the bark is gronnd by one of the celebrated Paled fy Avery Lark Mills. From the mill the ground bark is raised by means of elevators into a loft, from which it is run into the leaches. The Leach House contains five circular leaches, sixteen feet in diameter, and six and one-half feet deep, w hich are filled with ground bark and hot weak liquor, or water passed thereon by means of Allen & Warren's Rotating Sprinklers, the water being heated by steam in & box through which it passes on its way to the sprinklers. The Steam House is fifty by thirty feet, and contains a ten horse* power steam engine, and three thirty-two feet, thirty inch boilers, and the same number of eight feet, thirty inch boilers for generating steam for leaching the bark. The Hark House is 4<X) feet long and 22 feet wide. Permanent employment is given to fifty men, and during the bark peeling season about ninety additional laborers are employed. About fifty' teams are employed in hauling during the winter. Connected with the establishment are fifteen double dwellings tor the ac- commodation of the families of the workmen. From the time the Tannery commenced operations, in Oct., IMA up to Jan. 1, 1372, there has been manufactured here into making therefrom 889,884 sides of leather, weighing 14,975.127 pounds, and selling for

Was burned In I .M3, and rebuilt by £. Fobes. It was burned again in 1887, and Was i again rebuilt by E. Fobes, who continued its proprietor until 1871, when it passed into i the hands of the present proprietors, David Clemente and Lucas Fobea. The present j tannery U situated on the west side of the Mongaup, and with it is connected a saw mill and store. The main building is 30O feet locir &ud 40 feet wide. The leach house The leach house contains four leaches, one junk and 128 vat«. An engine of twenty horse power is used ; 2,300 cords of bark are annually consumed ; and 20,000 sides are

constitutes it a place of unusual attractiveness to the seekers of pleasure and recreation. It is distant only eight miles from Montieello, the County Seat, and the northern terminus of the Montieello & Port Jervis R. It., and possesses advantages i unattainable in any other direction, within similar distance from New York.

The White Lake Mansion House is located at the south-west extremity of the lake whose name it bears, and is attracting that attention from those who seek a short respite from the tedium of sedentary pursuits and an opportunity to inhale generous supplies of pure country air, to which its merit entitles

North "White Lake is a hamlet, beautifully situated at the foot of the lake which gives it its name, one mile north of White Lake. It contains one hotel, one store, one grist mill, one saw mill, a blacksmith shop, a wagon shop, a school house, ten dwellings and forty inhabitants.

The grist mill at this place stands on the sight of the first grist mill built in the town.* It is the third one that has been erected thereon. It has three runs of stones, the motor for which is supplied by a thirty feet fall of water, which is con- sidered one of the best and safest water powers in the State. It has a grinding capacity of 75,000 bushels of grain annually. The saw mill at this place has facilities for sawing 300,000 feet of lumber annually. The motive power for this is also furnished by a thirty feet fall of water.

Harold Hen wood, a gentleman residing in Jersey City, has made large purchases of lands around this (White) lake, which he is improving and beautifying.

Black Lake is a hamlet situated at the outlet of the lake of the same name, two miles south of White Lake, aud contains one store, one tannery, one saw mill, one blacksmith shop, one shoe shop, one school house, fifteen dwellings and a population

Briscoe, (p. o.) located near the north line, west of the cen- ter, on the Montieello and Jeffersonville Turnpike, is thirteen and one-half miles from the former place, and three and one- half miles 'from the latter, and contains one hotel, one saw mill, a blacksmith shoo, a school house, seven dwellings and forty- eight inhabitants.

-The sail! was erected in lbOS. hr John K. Beekman. and was used for the man- ufacture of floor and linen thread. 1 ho machinery for making thread was captured by the British during the war of IS12. Its on-unU cost was $-JS,000. Mr. Beckman also built thetlrel eaw midi in the town nt this place.

The Briscoe Saw Mill is located' on a small stream tributary to Callicoon Greek, from which its motive pow*er is supplied by an eleven feet fall of water. The mill has a circular saw and is capable of sawing 7,000 feet of lumber per day. It was built

Stevejysyille (p. o.) is on the north line, in the town of Liberty; for description see that town.

The settlement of this town seems to have commenced sub- sequent to the Revolutionary war. As early as 1798, John, George and Peter, the three sons of Adam Pinfcler, an old man then living in Decfcertown, New Jersey, came into this town by the way of Carpenters Point, thence following up the Delaware and Mongaop rivers and Black Lake Brook, by a line of marked trees made by hunters and trappers, who in those early times, visited the lakes and ponds in the vicinity for the purpose of trapping and hunting. The three young Pin tiers | located on a tract of land lying west of White Lake, not know- j ing to whom it belonged, or that it belonged to any one, and commenced making improvements thereon by clearing the land and putting in crops. They returned when their work was done, and the two following years came to gather their harvest and make further improvements. At that time the country between Mama hating Hollow (now Wurtsboro) and west to the .Delaware River was an almost unbroken wilder- ness, the nearest -settlement east being twenty-one miles dis- tant. In 1800 a road was opened through this desert from Mamakating to Cochecf on, passing through Bethel, on the south side of White Lake. This road, when opened, could be traveled by no carriage better than an ox sled, and by such conveyance the early settlers had to migrate to their western homes, and to carry their grain to the mill at Bloomingburgh to be ground, a distance of twenty-five miles. The same year the Binders built a log house on their farm, and moved their father and family to their new home. In 1801, John K. Beek- I man* of New York City, who owned Great Lot 16 of the Har- denburgh Patent, sent Lis agent, William Peck, to make im- I provements on his property at the outlet of White Lake, j Peck built a saw mill, and then one or two dwelling houses and j a grist mill. At this time the Pin tiers learned that they were j living on Beckman's land, which they bought and paid for. j

See page 110 tor farther mention of Beckman's operations.

George, and Peter are yet living and own and occupy the same

In the same year Graham Hurd moved into the town from Connecticut and settled in what has since been known as the Hurd Settlement ; and while preparing for and building a house, his family lived in a room or cave in the rocks, which is still known as the Bock Cabin. At or about the same time, Chaim cey Hurd settled a short distance south of Graham. Abijah Mitchell, who came in* 1804, was killed by the fall of a tree, and is supposed to be the first man buried in the Bethel Cemetery. In 1805 James Fulton bought a tract of land in the north-east part of the town and moved his own and his son's family on the tract, which is known as the Fulton Settle- ment. David Jackson came from the town of Woodbury, Litchfield Ob., Conn., and located in the Hurd Settlement, on the farm now owned by Hugh Townsley, in 1805. His son, Isaac, came in the previous year and cleared about three acres, which he sowed to rye, so that his father would have something to eat on his arrival. David Jackson Jr., son of David Jackson above referred to, is now living in Cochecton, From 1805 to 1810 additional settlements were made in different parts of the town by Elias Sandford, Stephen Northrop,! James Luckey, Joseph Pinkney, John Ramsay, William, Robert and James Frazer.

French, in his Gazetteer of the State of Now York, on page 643, eftys that "Adam and five Pentler" settled " near Bethel." Oar informant, from whom we hare obtained much of the information given in regard to the early settlement of the town, is Wm. Gillespie, Son-eye? and Conveyancer, who has been a resident of the town for sixty years and has he'd several town and enmity offices ; who was County Superintendent of the Poor, Member of Assembly, and Loan Commissioner ; who has been a Justice of. the Peace about twenty-five years, in which capacity, also that of Loan. Commis- sioner, he is now acting, and is sixty-nine years old. j

tStephen Korthrnp, who is supposed to be the oldest person now living in the County, j was bona iu Sept., K80. and came to Bethel from Salisbury, Conn., in may, 1S07, With j an ox team, having to ford the Never sink. After searching for a favorable place to j locate, he returned, and on the way met Salmon Hawley, a friend of his, who was then ) moving with his family, consisting of his wife and two children, to Bethel, and who induced him to go back with him. They met on the east side of the Never* ink. The water in the river at that tune was very high, entrrendered it necessary to transfer the household goods to the vre*t bank ny mean* of a log canoe. The wagon was taken apart and conveyed across in the *3 me manner, while the horses and cows swam across. The second day after they : id crossed the Neve rain k, having crossed the West Branch of the Mongaep, they were overtaken by a heavy thunder storm, from which they pro- tected the woman and children hr me a ns of blankets suspended on a pole, which was supported by two c retched « driven into tin.; ground; bates this did not provide a shelter sufficient!? mg*- to protect all five, the men were obliged to stand in the rain. The following day t: proceeded as far &? a clearing oa the Fulton Settlement,

ou which was erected a k cabin which was used by Fulton to sleep in while clearing his land. In this cabin they p ashed the night. The next day Northrop retraced his stem* eastward and rerun ed in a tv :.;t wc-ks with bis family. Joseph K. N or th-

and a the s - t a d 1 rn in the town Iu December, 1807, Stephen moved his fa i 1 - epic*. H vvas always a man of tempe rate habits. In

181b he joined the Presbyterian rnu/cb. and for the last dfly years he has been a member of the Church at Liberty. \\ heu La first settled, the nearest* post office was Kingston, Ulster Co.

In 1810 the Newburgh & Cochecton Turnpike was finished,

! passing through the town on the south bank of White Lake.

! Settlements were soon made on and near this thoroughfare. « Among those who thus settled may be mentioned the names of William Brown,* who kept the first hotel in the town, who -was the first Town Clerk, which office he filled many years, and was also County Treasurer; John Cross, who kept the first store where Bethel village now is; John Lindsley, who was the first physician in the town, and who represented the County two terms in the State Legislature ; William and David Stewart, John McClure, John and Thomas Potts, John Voorhis, Abner Hollister, Samuel S. Barkley, Henry II. Crist, Eleazer Everard, Thomas Lyon, Paul Horton, Nathan Smith, Isaac, Walter and John Knapp, Thaddeus and Norman Judsonj Charles Dekay, Obediah Tibbefc, Aaron Heuras, Michael Mudge and others, who either bought or leased land and improved the same. In 1811, William Gillespie bought laud in the town, erected a store house ;at White Lake and commenced the mercantile business, and in the spring of 1812 moved his family from New York City to it. During his life he held various town and county was rebuilt^ and the following year Mr. Beekman put up machinery for spinning flax in its basement The flax was shipped from New York City, and the thread returned there. The manufactory was under the supervision of Alexander Sterrat, and was continued until after the war was ended in 1815, when it was closed. In the south. part of the town were extensive groves of white pine which have long since disap- peared, having been converted into lumber and shipped to the Philadelphia market by the Delaware Kiver. The, hemlock forests are fast disappearing, owing to the increasing consump- tion of the tanneries. Thos. Stewart, from Washington Co., N. Yr., came to this town in March, 1812, with his family and worldly effects, drawn by a yoke of oxen, and was that summer drafted into the army, lie started to join his regiment on Long Island, but when he arrived at Bloomingburgh he hired a sub-

*Wm. Brown purchased land in the town, previous to its erection as such, on what he supposed would he the line of the Newburgh & Cochecton Turnpike, which was then conteinpiateu: but when the road was constructed through the town the line was run about a mile north of ids purchase. As the laud was bought on speculation and under the supposition that the road would be built through its center, the location of the road a mile north of it rendered tills project abortive. Samuel F. Jones- of Monticelio, who Was acquainted with urn design »f Brown, resolved to profit by his mistake and forestall bun by porch .tire hunt on either "He of the road ; he started to Albany via Novv- buruh, md lit nee ' sloop for t ml purj »se. Brown, ou learning Jones5 intention, knowing it wa it to overtake bun by the route he had taken, adopted the i expedient of prorev.o-'.; to Albany* n horseback, which hie knowledge of surveying and hi a ability to determine a route .-other with the aid of the compass enabled him to do. Accordingly he started on horseback, with his compass under his arm, and arrived in Albany, transacted his business, and, on making his exit from the land office* met Joaea. who had just arrived, but too late to accotcplisu his purpose.

stitute and returned to his farm. His sons are Wm. I., now living at Monticello, and Thomas H. and Alex., who are no?/ living in this town. Adam Pintler, son of John Pintler, was the first male child born in this town. He was horn Mav 2, child horn in the town. The first death in the town was that of a child of Stephen Northrup.*

The following extracts are taken from the Town Records:

" At the [first] annual Towu Meeting held at the House of Wm. Brown in the Town of Bethel on the first Tuesday of March, IS10, the following persons were Duly elected,

John Conklin, Supervisor;

/ Wm. Brown, Town Clerk,

Charles Irvine, John Llndeley and Wm. Brown, Assessors.

" Joseph Mitchel, K>. h:1 Hard, and Zaluon Hawley, 'Commissioners of Highways.

44 Oliver Calkins and John Lindsley, Overseers of the Poor.

"Norman Judson. Constable.

" Moses Calkin, Constable & Collector."

At that meeting it was "Resolved, that Hog?, shall not be free Commoners, that every mans yard shall be his pound, that sheep shall not run at Large, that the Collector shall have five Dollars over his legal fees, that Ebenezer Taylor shall be allowed for keeping Frederick Wallace, when he Lost his arm and that Jesse Crocker John Linds- ley and Joseph Mitchel be a Committee to enquire and sav what shall be allowed.

"Report of said Committee that, said Taylor eL&II be allowed fSO."

The following is the record of the annual election for State Officers, held April 27, 1810, and 44 is a just and true return of the votes taken at said Election."

- Daniel D. Tompkins

John Brown,

Morgan Lewis.

.James W. Wilkin

Thos. Biook

John Conklin

John Loans berry

Samuel Hawkins

Jonas Platt

Nicholas Fish

Robert Sands

Reuben Neely s

Garret Abeel

John Sudan

Charles Baker

Thaddeu-i Haight

Abraham T. E. Dewitt

" Given under our Land* the year and day written John Conklin 1

Wm Brown >- Inspectors of Election.' Charles Irvine }

The following is an extract from the records of 1823:

" This is to certify that in conformity to nn act of the Legislature entitled 'An Act concerning slaves sud servants passed the <.;h of April 1813 ' Wo the eab-cribe-a being overseers of the poor in the Town of Brth-sl have examined a certain Negro Woman Named Hannah and her Mulatto Male Child about Two years old who has Been in the en p'ov of William Brown for a Term of v -ars which Term expires on the 23d Dav of April Ij&tt past ac< u r< i n g to the Bill o: b»1 - of said Negro Hannah. It appears to us by the voluntary acku<)w,s:- ;-neut of said Hannah that at the tic;? her services expired *h? was in p-rfe-'t L-« nth t::d found in all respects and to the Best of her knowfed-e

: " 4 Ud by Hone»t in iustry & we ourselves from her

iv^t.mory m.,j op.er circumstances corroborating it are fully satisfied that her opinion

Norman Jndson

Overseers of the Poor.

We extract from the writings of J. V. Morrison of Wurtsboro the description of the following incident:

" There was a little hoy ten or twelve years of age living with his parents, in 1800, at White Lake. * He was sent'one day with a little basket to carry dinner to some wood choppers about a mile distant. He took their dinner to them and started for home. On his way back he lost the footpath, and wandered on until the trees began to cast their long shadows eastward, and the sun to sink behind the western mountains. He thought he was | near home, and knowing not what course to take he concluded to lay down on a bed of leaves and sleep till morning. In the morning he arose early and started again, as he supposed, homeward. He wandered all day* going through woods he had never seen before, crossing strean\s he j had never before gazed upon,' till the sun in its golden course in the heavens had declined in the western mountains. The little boy, hungry and tired, with his feet swollen, his clothes in tatters, and his body lacer- ated, lay down to sleep. His sleep was broken by the bleat of a deer and the fierce shriek of a catamount, but [hungry and fatigued he again lay down to sleep] and did not wake until the sun had risen and shone full upon him. He arose from his leafy couch, cold and hungry, and wandered j on [during the] days and rested [during the] nights till ten long days and j nights passed over him. On the eleventh day he was so weak, (his only j food being a few berries,) and his feet so torn and swollen, that he could j only crawl along on his hands and knees: yet he wandered on and some- ! thing seemed to whisper to him, 4 Onward I James, Onward 1' Onward he | drew his feeble form; but he stopped - he listened - he heard a cow bell | near him - he dragged himself near it and found it in a clearing. He j grasped a sapling and raised his trembling form, racking with pain, to see ! if he could get a sight of a dwelling. He discovered a footpath. The cattle made slowly towards it, and he followed them, dragging his weary body along. Old Mrs. Lair, residing in Callicoon, discovered something near her house, and hastened to see it. She discovered James Glass, the poor I lost boy, and took him in her arms and carried him into her dwelling.

| She laid him on the bed, dressed his wounds, and administered care*

I fully a little nourishment. He fainted away, but recovered, and soon | slept in a disturbed slumber. In his dreams he called for his uncle and his mother. He mentioned their names, and as the morning dawned, the old hunters that gathered around, hastened to carry the news of his recov- j ery to White Lake. Eight long days had his friends at White Lake sought j for him in vain. They gave up all hopes of his recovery, supposing the j j wild beasts had made him their [prey.] The old hunters flew with the news, j and as the noble hearted pioneers saw them coming they gathered round i to hear the welcome news. 4 The lost boy is found.' There was joy in the dwelling. James, though he lived to be an old man, never recovered.''

The following incident ia also extracted from the came

"Not far south of White Lake is a swamp called 'Smedes.' In olden times it was quite a report for bears, and they occasionally wintered ia it. Along the edge of the swamp were berries, nuts, &c,, on which they fed. The swamp was filled with heavy timber and thick groves of deer laurel, i Panthers, wolves and d*..er used to frequent it." Uncle Tommy, as*

| Thomas Horton, of Bethel' [was] called, had tried his hand quite success*

\ fully at trapping wolves, and one time thought he would try his luck at | bear catching. He sat his trap near the edge of a stump, and caught a j very large one. On discovering it he thought at first it was dead. He

soon however saw it move its ears as the flies [lighted] upon them. Concluding that a dose of cold lead would stop its being annoyed by the gnats he administered it with his trusty rifle. It paid no attention to the medicine, and so lie thought he would bleed it. Jumping astraddle of its back, he drew his keen edged hunting knife across its jugular, severing [it] at a stroke. This brought life into the bear. Raising upon its hind legs, bruin grabbed Uncle Tommy in rather too affectionate a manner, and he got out of its embrace as soon as possible. It soon fell over, tear- ing the ground in its death struggles. n

Though the settlement of this town is of too recent date to dev.el.ope. any considerable historical data pertaining to the wars in which the country was involved prior to the war of the Be- bed] ion, the record of the participation of its citizens in that memorable struggle is one to which she may point with just

*Frora the Town Records we extract the following statistics respecting the enlist- ments from this town during the recent war :

' i men enlisted in the 10th Regiment N. Y. Yo!. Infantrv.

18 men " as sabstitnt.es.

Five men enlisted for a second term of service.

The following named officers enlisted from Bethel :

Sherman's staff and was discharged at St. Louis, Mo.

Calvin He AUu ter, 2d Lieut. N. Y. S. Mounted Rifles. He was wounded in the arm ia a skirmish before Richmond, Ya. , and was discharged in November, 1864,

The following casualties aro reported among the enlisted men from Bethel :

when he was attacked with typhoid fever and died In hospital at Hancock, Sid., Feb. 1 His body was seat home and interred in the Bethel burying ground.

s.nd participated in the battles of Winchester, Cedar Mountain and Antietam. The i;t-M day alter the battle of Antietam he was taken sick with chronic diarrhea, and waa facccesively in the hospitals at Muddy Run, Harpers Ferry aud Baltimore. He cam? home and died.

Thcma* McErtyre of Bethel, a private, was engaged in several battles, and was taken W'7 "r ar>d confined at AndereonviUc. where he became so emaciated that, after b-y.: ' red he was too feeble to endure the fatigue of the journey home, and died in Now Jer-ey, while on the way thither.

pliui igcver iu Oct., Ib6l. He was buried at Alexandria, Ya. ' 'His remains were suh.-a- queatly removed to New Jersey and interred in the family cemetery.

wouaned at the battle of Cedar Mountain, where he waa taken prisoner. He dual ato wa- boned by the Rebels at Culpepper.

The first preacher in the town was Rev. Mr. Greer, a Presby-

The White Lake Presbyterian Church , located at Bethel, was organized with eleven members, by Rev. Daniel C. Hopkins, in 1810, in which year the first house of worship was erected. ! The present edifice, which will seat 350 persons, was erected in I Rev. James Adams, then of Monticello, preaching the sermon, j The -first pastor was W. B. Reeve ; the present one is Edwin

153 members. The value

| Town. The Society now' numbers

! The Reformed Presbyterian Church of White Lake , located in | the vicinity of White Lake, was organized in 1822, with ten

j John Carpenter of Bethel, 1st Sergt. Co. H. 2Sth Infty., was killed in a charge at the 1 battle of Cedar Mountain. His body was never recovered by his Mends, and his place j of burial is unknown to them.

1 John French of Bethel, a private in Co. H. 23th In ft}'., died, at Darnstown, Md. His body was brought home and buried in the family yard, i E'd\6ar$ Canfield of Bethel, a private in Co. H. 'iSth Infty., was taken, soon after enlist- j ment. to a hospital at Baltimore, where he died.

! John if. Hendrickson of Bethel, a private in Co. B. 143d Infty., died of typhoid fever.

! Henry Suiter, a private in Co. B. K3<1 Infty., died of typhoid fever at Chattanooga,

J Tenn., Nov. 23, 1863, and was buried in the military cemetery.

j John W. Hogancamp of Bethel, a private in Co. B. 143d limy., was killed by a railroad

j accident, caused bv the collision of a wood train with a team of mules, March 19th, 1863,

j near Alexandria, Va., near which place he whs buried.

George K. Lyon of Bethel, a private in Co. B. 143d Infty., met the same fate as

1 exhaustion, on a march through Term., and was buried nl the place where he died.

! Joseph White of Bethel, a pri rate in Co. B. 1 43d infty., was sent to the hospital in May,

j was buried in the family cemetery.

! John H. Jackson, a private in Co. B., 143d Infty., had both hie legs broken by a raiJ- ! road accident near Alexandria, Va.. and died March 22d, 1803. His body was brought home and interred in the family cemetery.

Abram S.- Predmore of Bethel, a private in Co. B., 143d Infty., died of typhoid fever,

Peter Van Carden of Bethel, a private in Co. B. 143d Infty., was killed at the battle of

John C. JHnlkr of Bethel, a Corporal of Co. B. 143d Infty., died of chronic diarrhea,

William Pen.tler of Bethel, a private in Co. B. 143d Infty., was engaged in the battles was buried at Lookout Valley.

Andrew J. McCord of Beta >!, a private in Co. B. 143d Infty., died while on a furlough, at the residence of his parents in Ohio.

York town, Va., at which pr&ce he was buried.

Cyrus Hogancamp, & Corporal in the 56th Infty., died of typhoid fever at Davids Island, June 22. 1862. His body was brought home and interred in the family cemetery.

He-man Co:g>.:r of Bethel, a private in the 56th Infty., died , and his body was

brought home and buried in the family cemetery. \

Michael Dobbs of Bethel, a private in the 143d Infty., died while in the service-..

Harry. Corner of Bed..-'. \ private in the 56th Infty.. was wounded at the Seven-pays battle, on the retreat f >m Ktc ..u. md, Va., and dying soon after, ho was buried on'the

Alexander itarsk of Bethel, a private in the 56th Infty., died of typhoid fever Sept.

Richardson Campbell. a private in Co. Q. 2d N. Y. Mounted Eifieg, died of typhoid

Comfort Philip , » private in tire 56th Infty,, was killed at Frederickeburgh.

members. 'Rev. J. B. 'Williams is supposed to have been the I first pastor, being ordained in 1850; he is the present one. ;i The Society erected the first edifice in 1 824, and the present present value of Church property is §3,300. The Society has a ! membership of eigb fcy.*

The Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church of Mongaup Val- ley, was organized in 1832, by Win. Gillespie and Wra. Fraser, 1 Elders, with about twenty-bye members. The congregation worshiped for several years after its organization, in a church edifice at White Lake, then owned by the Reformed Presbyteri- ans, but since that period, torn down. The first pastor was j Rev. Jasper Middlemas. The first house of worship was congregation removed, and took the name of Mongaup Valley, j instead of White Lake, by which name it was previously ! designated. The church was erected at a cost pf §2,500. i It will. seat. 300 persons. The Ch urch property is valued at ; the present membership, sixty.

The M. E. Church , located at Monganp Valley, was organized j by Rev. Wm. Bloomer, the first pastor, with fifteen members, in 1850, in which year the first and present edifice, which will seat ! present pastor is Key. James 2s. Bryers ; and the present mem-

of the County, north of the center, about the sources of the

*Wro. Stewart, 3%:: hug ?. -ter of iha Reformed 'Presbyterian Church, died in January

Williams, our informant, '-r- then growing in the streets of Monticello." It was i mainly ©viag to Stewart i.rt;&z:Da;iouof this Church was kept alive for nearly ;

thirty yeftn, wb « ; »taik,n. " Ue was a man distinguished for intef- i

lectutd ability. - * 7 nil ole/*v and English Literature. - Be was -

a ind a a* hu i i and to the poor. His motto was, 'It is better j

iPronouced Caw-U »*,*. It H* Dutch word, signifying "turkey." and its applica- tion to this town he .'-!« t ho wnd Varky which abounded along Callicoon. Creek, la the statute* aud -si publications of the State the name is commonly vrrittea - " Coliikooa." Thy Dutch word for turkey is Kulmn,

; North Branch of Callicoon Creek,* * It is "watered by numerous I streams flowing into the Delaware, the valleys being mostly narrow ravines, and the hills rising in steep declivities from two hundred to six hundred feet above them. In the north- j east are Shandley and Sand Ponds, the latter affording a pure white sand, which was formerly used in making glass. The Bast Branch of the Callicoon flows through the east border, and the North Branch of the same stream flows through the town in a general southerly direction, a little west of the center. These streams are subject to sudden overflows, and much dam- age has resulted from the inundations thus produced. f

*r The Callicoon in Autumn,"

"Now, stealing through Its thickets deep In which the wood-duck hides ;

Now, picturing- in its basin sleep Its green, poo!-ho! lowed sides ;

Here, through the pebbles slow it creeps.

There, fn some wild abvsa it sweeps,

And foaming, hoarsely chides;

Then slides go slid, its gentle swell Scarce ripples round the lily's bell.*' j

+A correspondent to the American Journal , writing from Jeffersonville under date of ' | Aug. 2, l$o5, thus speaks of the freshet which occurred in that year:

" On the night of Aug. 1, 18-15, the waters in the East Branch of the Callicoon sudden- ly raised about twelve feet, overflowing its banka in all directions and spreading ruin upon every side. As far as we have been able to learn there .was not a bridge left stand- ing from its head waters to its mouth. All along its banks from Youngs vilie to Pike Pond was a scene of ruins. [Youngs villo sustained much damage.] There the stream partially turned from its former bed and branched off in several directions, each branch cutting its way through streets and fields, making the place resemble a group of email j islands. Nearly every dam on the stream above Jeffersonville was carried away, and every 'manufacturing establishment sas tamed more or less damage. The saw mill of Dan D. Quick was entirely swept oil, not even the foundation remaining. Jefferson- ville, too, suffered severely. That part of the village situated on the island was com- ; pletely inundated ; all the gardens were destroyed and many of the cellars and lower | rooms were completely filled with water. At two o'clock it was the general impression l that every house upon the island would be undermined or carried away ; [and the fact " that thc-re was no place of refuge for the inhabitants, every bridge having been swept away, and every retreat cut off, added terror to the scene."]" In this perilous situation every rumbling noise awakened new apprehensions that the tannery dam, situated about a quarter of a mile [distant,] then trembling under ihc pressure [to which i; was ] subjected,] would give way and decide their fate. For several hours large logs and j heavy sticks of timber floated through the streets and gardens, bumping the house? and I fences as though they stood Lathe channel of some navigable river. Nearly half the I buildings in the place sustained damage. Further down the stream whole pieces of ! grass and grain were washed away and in a short space of time tho fields upon which they had grown were covered with heavy driftwood. The Callicoon & Cochecton Turn- pike for about two miles was hlerahy washed away or blockaded with huge piles of j flood wood. j

"On the North Branch of ^the Callicoon the flood was equally destrnc- j tire, carrying away every bridge, and seriously injuring every manufacturing i establishment on the stream. aniQ entirely destroying miles of road located ! upon its* banks. One dwelling bou*e, [Harmon Packard's] with its inmates, the wife j and a child about 4 year* of age. was carried down the stream several rods, into a pile | of driftwood, where the was nrurh.-d to pieces. The child was saved, the wife. -

drowned. The cbiid v.-a* found in tho morning seated among the ruins, alive and u.nin- i in red. The first words it spok* to those who foded it, were, * My Mother! Oh, My Mother l she is drowned.' iThe body of the mother was found after some days ] , The family had retired early !n the evening without any apprehension of danger, and quietly slept until the house began to move'* from its foundations when the hu»t-snd j leaped from the window Ja*t in time to escape the same fate, leaving his wife and child f invoking him in supplicating toimu to save them ; but alas 1 no aid coaid bo given them ; j there was & heart to pity, but no arm to save them.

The soil is mostly sandy loam, and the hillsides and summits are generally capable of a good degree of cultivation. The people are chiefly engaged in lumbering, farming and tanning, though the importance ot the latter branch of industry is diminishing with the gradual exhaustion of the supply o? hemlock bark in the town. There are about a dozen saw mills inhabitants in the town, about one-half of whom are Germans, who are, many of them, though they have been here twenty years or more, unable to converse intelligibly in the English

according to the census of that year, 12,223, were improved,

During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained fourteen school districts and employed sixteen teachers. The number of children of school age was 1,117; the number attending school, 836 ; the average, attendance was 350 ; and the value of school houses and sites, $5,572.

Jeffersonville (p. v.) is situated on the East Branch of Callicoon Greek, in the south-east part, on the line of Dela- ware, and is distant, eleven miles from the Midland B. JR. and from Callicoon Depot, on the 1ST. Y. & Erie R. R., and about eighteen miles from Monticello, by the Jeffersonville and Monticello Turnpike, It contains four churches, (Catholic, Methodist, Presbyterian and Reformed,) three hotels, six stores, a printing office, (The Load Record,) one saw mill, two grist mills, two wagon shops, one brewery, one furniture store, two harness shops, one mineral water manufactory, one school, and has a population of about 500, The surrounding country is good, and is well adapted to grain culture and grazing.

E. A. Clark c£* Co.'s Tannery is located near this village. It employs thirty-live persons ; and manufactures 50,000 sides of

" It is difS call to estimate the ament; t of damage done in Callicoon * it is probably forty to sixty inousand dollars, it may be more, but we think no less."

Says A. llardeubu ivh. whose inti l and turn works were damaged to the extent of * thousand dollars, *'Tm crop of i ye and other grain which stood in the fields, in shocks, was so washed tuat It/* as em/rdy destroyed. 'The family of Adam Kilion, livings little above Yountravide, frig; ter.eo from their house by the rising' waters, took refuge on s targe hetnlo k «tat p w;:!d! stood in fr-m * of the house, and tin* re passed the night." Another h t irn l in lhf»7, which rentier I the roads impassable for

nearly two o.' ;n ! a freshet in the North Branch destroyed kx brl '

atid John El . am; : ! damaged the barns of J. Coleman aud Win. Diet-

richson, and the uni i -dam of the former. whose house was also undermined and a por- tion opit carried away, I he creek was turned from its natural source and the crops on the adjacent farms sustained *m. h damage from the inundation thus produced. Throe acres of good laud, wun toe fruit trees growing thereon, was washed away. - Mr. Plet- richsou lost about lb,U0G feet of lumber, together with a quantity of cabinet ware.

Henry Rose has discovered on his place what promises to be I a valuable vein of " Iron Brown Stone," from which he is manufacturing mineral paint. The stratum is about nine feet below the surface and yields thirteen per cent, of iron.

Youngsville, (p. v.) situated on the East Branch of the Callicoon, three and one-half miles from Jeffersonville, con- tains two churches, (Methodist and Presbyterian,) two hotels, one wagon shop, three blacksmith shops, three shoe shops, one cabinet shop, one paint shop, one grist mil], one saw mill, one turning shop, a carpenter shop, three stores and about 250 in-

James Hardenhurg'ti s Turning Shop converts about 200,000 feet of lumber into turned stuff. The saw mill in connection with it will cut 300,000 feet of lumber annually.

Callicoon Center, or Thurmansville, (Callicoon p. o.) situated on the North Branch of the Callicoon, west of the center of the town, contains two churches, (Methodist and Reformed,) three stores, one hotel, one wagon and two black- smith shops, a shoe shop, a cabinet shop, a tin shop, a grist mill, two saw mills, the tannery* of the Messrs. Hoyt Bros., hemlock bark; employs twenty-six persons; and tans 40,000 ! sides of sole leather,) and about 300 inhabitants.

organized in June, 1861, with twelve members. The present number of members is 92. f

was organized April 2, 1871, with nine members. The present membership is thirty-two. J

North Branch, (p. v.) located on the North Branch of the Callicoon, near the south-west corner, contains one church, * (Methodist,) three stores, one hotel, one cabinet shop, a black- smith shop, a wagon shop, a shoe shop, two saw mills, a grist mill, and a population of about 200. The country surround- ing this place is mountainous, yet the soil is quite productive and well adapted to grazing.

*The tannery whose site this occupies, was built about ISM, by Frazer & Co,. It burned down la iwa ; was rebuilt by backlej A Lapham, leather dealers in New York ; and purchased by Hoy t- Bn s. in

t The present officers. are: Sidney Tuttle, Muter; Jacob Dietz, Senior Warden j Clms. A. Newman, Junior iVcrden; Henry lieinheimer, Treasurer ; Jgtoes.P. Dunm* son, Secretary.

The officers at He organization were: Julius Germann, President; Lewis Germans, Yi - -President ; Philip Gerharr % Secretary; Martin Weyraueh, Treasurer. The present officers are: George Heller, President; Peter Wagner, Vice-President ; Henry New- man, Secretary ; Martin Weyrauch, Treasurer.

The Saw Mill , of which J. 0, DeGroff is proprietor, located j on the East Branch of the Callicoon, about two miles north of ! Jeffersonville, is capacitated to saw 600,000 feet of lumber annu- ally. There is connected with it a lath and picket mill.

A . Hard-enhurgk A Sons Mills , located on the Middle Branch of the Callicoon, about one mile north of Youngsville, enable j them to manufacture about 200,000 feet of turned stuff and saw 300,000 feet of lumber annually. The saw mill is provided with a single upright saw, which is run by a fourteeen feet head of water.

There is a saw mill on the Middle Branch of the Callicoon, about two miles north of Youngsville, which is supplied with a single upright saw, run by an eighteen feet head of water, and which saws about 200,000 feet of lumber annually.

The settlement of the town is comparatively recent, and seems j to have remained an uninviting locality to immigrants seeking ! a home in the west , until the New York and Erie It. R. was ! projected; for though permanent settlements were made prior to that time, they were meager until the location of that road through or adjacent to the town was assured. In the fall of large owner of lands covered by the Harden burgh Patent, con-'! traded with Curtis Hurd and James IS. Jackson to chop and j clear one hundred acres on the flat a little south of Youngs- j ville, for which be paid them. £163 19s New York currency, j It is presumed that Mr. DeWitt intended making this his resl- ; deuce, but his death in April, 1808. frustrated this plan. In ' April, 1813, his son, Andrew DeWitt, employed Capt. Abijah 1 M itchell of Bethel to build a log house on this tract, and though j it was completed with the exception of some part of therooffit j does not appear that DeAitt occupied the house himself, or j that he had a tenant in it.

The first permanent settlement was made May 19, 1814, by Vfood, a widower, and his three sons, Garrett, Edward W. and David, with their families. Edward and Garrett each had , four children, and David one child. The Woods were of Eng- I lish and Scotch descent. They moved from the vicinity of High Falls, Ulster County, ami settled on a rise of land near the East Branch ot the Calheoou, about one and one-half miles north- east from Jeffersonville. To reach their new home they were obliged to cut their way ten milts through the woods, without l a road or a path to guide them; and while doing so, provided part oi the loud on which the party subsisted. Game was j abundant and it required but little timtSaud exertion to amply j supply all their wants ih this respect. While some of them, ax in j

band, cleared away the trees and other obstructions, others i catered for the party. In this way they proceeded, camping at , night under a temporary shelter, until tjiey reached their desti- : nation, where they found the abandoned clearing and delapi- i dated cabin of DeWift. They occupied the cabin until they ' erected houses of fheir own, which they at once proceeded to do* Edward was* a cooper, the others were farmers; hence it is presumable that their cabins were built in the most primi- tive manner and possessed few of the embellishments which : grace the homes of some of the residents of Callicoon. There was neither store,- mil], nor school, within ten miles of . them. When it was necessary to go to the mill, which, as well j as the store, was at Liberty, two of the brothers accompanied j each other ; each shouldering a bushel and a half of rye or corn, | they trudged off with it through the forest; and when ground, j they returned with it in the same way, generally performing j the journey both ways in a day.* John Wood, son of Edward ! Wood, was the first child born in the town ; the first death was j that of Garrett Wood's wife, a few years after they settled in the town.f For fifteen years the Woods seem to have been the only residents of. the town, whose population was only increased by births in this family. They cleared land and tilled it ; plant- ed orchards; manufactured staves; undone of them, (Edward) worked at his trade, while another cured cancers, and was known as a cancer doctor. .

-Peter Wormoutk located on the ridge east of the Kortb Branch of the Callicoon, in 1880* He was industrious and economical, but deficient in sociability. and geniality. He ac- quired possession of a good farm, and became a lender of money.

*" We are assured," says James Quinlan, "that Eve, the wife of Edward Wood, once carried a quantity of ftax and her youngest child to a store on the Neveraink, seventeen miles from home, where she exchanged the flax for butter, and returned with it and her infant, performing the ltd ny-foar miles iu a single day ! Our informant eaya the was slightly fatigued after her long journey, we are not disposed to question the accuracy of th is part of his statement."

tSays James E. Quinlan, "The circumstances attending it [the death of Mrs. Wood] remind ns of the severe simpi- tty of a primitive age. There was no kind and sympathiz- ing neighbor to assist in performing the last sad offices for the dead. The trembling bands of her kindred closed her eyes, disposed her hands reverently across her breast, and otherwise pi spared, her corpse for the grave. One of her eistera-in-law went on foot to Buckley's in Liberty, to procure & shroad and other necessary articles, while Edward and David Wood undertook to make the- coffin. One of the early residents in the Blue Mountain Settlement in Liberty, was compelled to manufacture a coffin from a sleigh box. The Woods were in a worse dilemma. There was trot a board, nor a sleigh box, nor a wagon box w ithin their reach, and if there had been time to go to a aaw mill ten tulle* or more distant, and carry back the necessary 1 amber on their shoulders, it was Cot decent to leave t it Uru*d brother almost alone, with the body of bis dead wife. They surmounted th- difficulty by s-deeting a straight grain td log' of sufficient size, and from this split four shu «. m the round side of these the bark whs removed, and iu and out they '."ere ;; jde ;» smooth and decent as possible. In a box made of these the shrouded corpse was hud, and thus coffined was she consigned to the narrow house to which all must go sooner prater. She was interred on the Logo maun farm, and we have no doubt was aa sincerely mourned as if her funeral had been attended with the pomp and vanity of a modem burial." *

In 1831 there were seven families in the town, viz : those of Edward, David and Garrett Wood; Jeremiah Wood, son, and George Brown and Abikha Lewis, sons-in law of Edward ; and

George G. DeWitt settled here in 1833, and built a house in the vicinity* of the site of the log house built by his grand- father.* He was induced to move to this locality through the hope of thereby obtaining relief from a severe hemorrhage of the lungs, from which he was suite ring and by which his life was threatened, being advised by his physicians to seek a remedy in the curative properties of the hemlock woods. With improved health he grew weary of the monotonous life to which his new home subjected him, and sought relaxation by a i prolonged visit with his friends, who resided in a less exalted and more cultivated region; but the recurrence of his old malady admonished him to repair again to his retreat in Calli- coon, where, he thought, his life might be prolonged, but to a certain extent wasted, lie is still living, and is an honored -member of the community in which he resides. f

Among the early settlers was Jacob Quick, who located on a small stream which empties into .the East 'Branch of the Callicoon, near Jeffersonville. lie was a native of Pike Co., Pa., and was a nephew of Tom Quick,! with whom he hunted and trapped, in his youth. In his History of Sullivan County, Quinlan says of him :

* 'As an evidence of Jacob Quick's standing in. bis native town, we mention the fact that be Was a Justice of the Peace for thirty successive

Extract from J. E. Quinlan's History of Sullivan County, printed in the Local Record.

It is probable that the house here refered to was a temporary cabin erected by Hurd and Jackson while engage i in ci ar - laud for John DeWitt. as it is believed that the first house erected in the town tic one built by Capt. Abilah ilitchell. for Andrew

which nil the voter* in the o-wn. : ny-,u in number, were present. John B. Spencer, John H&nhine. Jacob Gnick, U> -.a Su-Udurd and Geo. G. DeWitt were chosen as a board t«' pree'.d*! it the ; ' g Hie following named, officers were duly elected : Oiney Borden , Wvnair ; G-u. U. DeWitt. Town Clerk; Robin Stoddard, John

Xwi Cutnmutw.t t. <-- «. r... ion. Austin W. Blackman and L^vl Kimball, School

1 : bn: it. - i am: Geo. G. 'DeWitt. School Inspectors: Jacob Quick

and W:oi /Vv; David Wood, Collector; David Wood,

m„ry V» ot.-u. o.n .v.ar»i,j *u*u Kimball, Constables; John R. Schermerhora,

Eirft~Th*: v: i. snach n.-ney tw raised by the town as is provided by the State

for uppcriiv .u kjwj of tbe town, and that said money ba appropriated

*" j -' .udrr-d cm: are ha raided and appropriated for repair of roads j

Fifth- -Thai a map of the town lx? procured bv Geo G DeWitt

The above is certified gnd signed by Geo. G. DeWitt, as Town Clerk.

$ For farther mention of Tom Quick seepage*! 78 §G.

years before he came to Callicoon. He was fond of litigation, and entered into legal strife with as much rim as a war horse does into battle. From this or some other cause, he lost a fair estate, and when sixty years of age, found that his liabilities somewhat exceeded his assets. To escape the annoyances which attend such a condition, and hoping to retrieve a decayed fortune, he managed to save a few hundred dollars from the stern grasp of his creditors, with which he bought a lot of heavily-timbered^ and fertile land in Callicoon, the deed of which was given to his old .wife.

" He was at this time 5 stalwart, nigged man of sixty, whose keen eye and steady hand could give a deadly direction to a bullet, and who boasted that no man -was his superior as an angler. With his ash pole and horse-hair line he loved to compete with the dandy trout catchers who sometimes went to the North Branch to indulge in their favorite sport, and great was his mortification and disgust if the basket of the fancy gentleman contained a greater number of speckled beauties than were found on his 'string.' But ample was his revenge when evening approached, and he returned with his guest across the ridge which divides the North from the East Branch. With the grace and agility of an Indian, he stalked in a straight line for home, no more encountering an obstacle than a hawk floating in tire air ; while his companion dodged around all kinds of difficulties, and was generally considerably blown when he reached the valley where Quick lived.

"After buying the lot, Quick put up the usual shelter of men who begin life in the woods, and moved into it with his aged wife. It was in a deep valley and so overshadowed by huge trees that the sun could not penetrate to his roof. The contrast between this arid their old home was sad and gloomy, and had a very depressing influence upon Mrs. Quick . He at once went to work on the trees which surrounded his house, and when he cut them down, fearing that they would fall upon the building and crush his wife beneath the wreck, he caused her to go to a safe place, where she watched his proceedings and shed such tears as only tire for- saken and forlorn can shed .

"Mr. Quick cleared field after field, built the first saw mill of the town, found a ready home market for his grain, hay and lumber, and was once more a prosperous man, whom his fellow townsmen delighted to honor with office. A village sprung up in his neighborhood ; he was surrounded by neighbors, some of whom were his own children ; he built a comfortable house ; had flocks, orchards and fertile fields ; but the old wife was mouldering among the decaying roots of the forest that had so recently clothed the hills and valleys of Callicoon. She did not long survive their removal to Sullivan.

" Mr. Quick subsequently married again, and bought and cleared another farm. He also built a second mill. His new property was situated on the North Branch. While improving it with his accustomed energy, he was prostrated bv paralysis. During the last years of his life he was a helpless invalid, and suffered much mental distress, because he was bedridden."

Tho first settler in Youngsville was Samuel -M. Young, from whom the. place, derives its name, who came, in from Liberty, in 1834, and erected a log house, sixteen by thirty feet, near where the house now occupied by Henry Inderlied stands. He erected a saw mill the following year, the first one at that place, and subsequently built and kept the first store in the

town at YoungSville. John B. Spencer settled here the same year, and built the first blacksmith shop and auger mauufac- j tory. When the post office was established in 1851, he was made postmaster. In 1833-4 settlers began to come in from Connecticut and the north ; and in 1840, the Germans settled here in considerable numbers, and added vastly to the material wealth and prosperity of the town. In 1846, A. Hardenburgh and the Gortons built a saw mill on the Middle Branch of the Callicoon, about two miles north of Youugsville, which was destroyed two years after by a freshet. In 1848, Mr. Harden- bargh moved his family into the town and settled at Youngs- viile. After two years had elapsed he built another mill and a turning shop, about a mile further south, on the same stream, where his present mill now stands. This- second mill was greatly damaged by the freshet of 1855. Thos. S. Ward loca- ted at Jeffersonville in 1839, when there were but two other families there, those of Jacob J). Schermerhorn and his son John R. Schermerhorn. Mr. Ward erected one of the first frame dwellings. Jacob Schermerhorn moved from Schoharie county and located on the south side of Callicoon Creek in 1838. He biiilt a log house, which was the first one in Jeffer- sonville. Frederick Schiedell, a German, who immigrated to New York three years before, moved to Jeffersonville in 1840, and occupied a log house built by Schermerhorn's son, and which stood on the site of Mr. SchiedelPs blacksmith shop. Abraham Schneider, from Germany, came here in 1842, and built the first saw mill at this place. Charles Laugh orn built the first hotel and .store, and the first frame building in 1846. The hotel was the first building painted in the village.- It was repaired in the fall of 18 »T, and is now occupied by Egler Bros, as a hotel. This was the first hotel in the town. The first public house at Tomtgsville, was built by D. D, Quiclf, about 1851, on the site of the hotel now owned by T. Boucher; and the first grist mill was built by F. Bieling at the same place, and in the same year, until which time the settlers were obliged to carry their grain to Neversink or Libert}'. - After four or five years tne old mill was abandoned, and a new one built on the site of the pry sent one.

The settlement of Cam coon Center was commenced about thirty years ago bv the 3 hyv ce Bros. The first store at this place was built by Itobert M. Grant, in 1849 ; the first hotel, by

Stephen LeCKer, one of the first settlers on the North Branch, moved from Newburgh in 18L.fi and settled about a mile below Thurmans viile. The same year Nicholas Zieres settled on the

ridge, about one-half mile from North Branch. He built a log house and kept bachelors ball for two years. L. Stewart, a Scotchman, moved with his family from Massachusetts, and ! located on the farm he now occupies, near North Branch, in 1842. ! He built a log house and remained two years, when he returned ; to Massachusetts, where he worked five years and secured suf- | fieient to pay for his farm at North Branch, on which he moved. Henry Becker and John Sfieb came here the same year, dnd located near North Branch. Joseph Smith moved from Lex- ington, (Greene Co.,) and located at North Branch in 1847. At that time this locality was marked by a dense wilderness; pigeons' nests were very numerous in the tops of trees which grew on the site of the village of North Branch; the streams contained a good supply of trout and the forests an abundance of game, making this locality one of unusual attractiveness to the hunter. The first school at North Branch was taught by i Mary Hunt, in a house owned by Henry Cannon ; and in his I barn was held the first church service. A Mr. Merritt of | Kingston, (Ulster Co.,) built the first saw mill at North Branch

j in 1843 ; - Clemons and Stewart, the first store; and

- - Yandervort, the first blacksmith shop. A. B. Baker drove the first two-horse wagon into North Branch, with a load of goods, in 1845. Wni. Inderlied & Co., early settlers, carried on an extensive tanning business here which contributed laFgelv to the growth of the village. Another tannery, located about one mile south of the village, and controlled by - - - Babcock, also exerted a marked influence upon its growth and prosperity. Both these tanneries have discontinued business, owing to the exhaustion of the supply of hemlock bark in their vicinity.

The first road in Callicoon was laid out August 10. 1807, at the expense of Jacob Bade 1 iff, John DeWitt, Theron Wood and Win. Taylor. This was the old road leading from the Wood Settlement, through Youngsville and Bobinsonville to Liberty.

Callicoon furnished its full quota of soldiers during the war of the Rebellion, mostly by voluntary enlistments, in various and the 2d N. Y. Heavy Artillery, but principally in the 143d. It furnished two officers, viz : Cant. E. II. Finney, who was pro- moted td Major; and Lieut. Marcus Frasier, who died of typhoid fever soon after entering the service. Wro. T. Mor- gans, who enlisted under Capt. Finney, as private, was promoted to 1st Lieutenant. A large number were killed and wounded, and many died in the service from malignant diseases.

The Presbyterians seem to have taken the initiative in reli- gious matters in the town ; though there is a conflict of authority respecting who was the pioneer preacher.*

The German Presbyterian Church, located at Jeffersonville, was organized with forty members, in 1842, by Rev. - - Sans, who was its first pastor, as German Evangelical, and was received in the Presbyterian Synod in 1855. Their house of worship was erected in 1846; and will seat 180 persons. The present pastor is Adolph Kahn; the present number of mem- bers, seventy ; and the value of Church property, $2,800. f

The Saint George (German Catholic,) Church , located at Jef- fersonville, was organized by Rev. Raufeisen, in 1843, with

thirty members. Its first pastor was Father Roesh. At pres- ent its pulpit is supplied by a New York missionary. They will seat 300 persons. The present membership is eighty; and the value of the Church property, $2,000.

The First Presbyterian Church of Coliikoon , located at Youngsville, was organized May 7, 1844, with eleven members. The first house of worship was erected in 1846 ; the present The estimated value of Church property is $2,000. Rev. John Mole was its first pastor ; at present its pulpit is vacant. It

. The Reformed Church , of Callieoon, was organized Jan. 31,

B. Preston, with twenty-two members. Rev. T. Hones was the first pastor. The Church edifice occupied by this society was about 200 persons. The property of the Church is valued at

* French, in his Gazetteer of the State of New York, p. 644, states that JRev. Mr. i McCIary. pastor of the Associate Reformed Charch of Bethel, was the first preacher ; -; ' while Jarrws K. Quinlan. in hi* Hi«?<*ry of Sullivan Co., extracts .from which appear in the Loc-zl Uecemi, of March !>, I CO. affirms that Deacon Owens, also a Presbyterian, , who liv.-d at tie mouth of the Cads coon, is entitled to the honor which this office - confers. Speaking of Deacon Owens, Qniuian says: "He held religions service once i a month at the house of Edward Wood, and was paid one dollar and twenty-five cents t for each sermon, or fifteen dollars per year ! We believe there was no direct road to < his j^ta? lor; at Vi o< *4 *n He must have performed the journey through the forest, « gmdid by marked trees. In the winter, when the snow was deep and the thermometer several degree* below zero, the trip was very toilsome and hazardous. But he met t with a kind and warm reception, and had guileless arid willing hearers, who receded < the Go-pei as he preached it, with giadno*. Hia salary was small: but he was not ; governed by tho tale -poor pay. poor preaching.' His hearers rewarded him accord;? '4 to their in vane, and he was more anxious to win souls than dollars. He V.c! ? '*>-- found itior f- r a r- so of that neighborhood which can reward, io cl- v/

more Hht rally than tin* :.!? hearers.

About the year Iron, a majority of the congregation finding Youngsvilie a more cent; « point, hac their services continued iu that village."

tTho first Presbyterian Church, erected in Jeffersonville in 1845, was. wo are in- j formed, blown down before it was ftiriy completed, and the present church w.-is not . built nntii two or three years afterwards.

about $1,200. Rev. Wm. Elteride is the present pastor. Nearly all its members were born and brought up in Germany.

The German M. E. Churchy located at Callicoon Center, was

organized in 1866, by Rev. Klink, its first pastor, with

six members. The Church edifice, which will seat 150 persons, is at present valued at $1,100. The present pastor is Rev. Wm. Schlitter; and the membership, eight.

The M. E. Churchy located at North Branch, was organized who was the first pastor. The Church edifice, which will seat the present value of Church property. There are fifteen mem- bers, and Rev. Wm. Coombs is the pastor.

COCTTMCTON* was formed from Bethel, March 25, upon the bank of the Delaware, in the west part of the County. Ridges of hills, with narrow valleys between, cover the entire surface of the town. The principal stream is Ten Mile River, which has its rise in this town, by several smaller streams and ponds. Mitchell Pond in the north, Perry Pond in the south | and Lake Huntington in the center, are the -principal sheets of water. The former gives rise to a small stream which flows west into the Delaware. A. large part of the surface is still covered with forests, principally of hemlock and pine. The soil - is composed of clay and red slate, and is best adapted to pastur- age. The streams and ponds abound. with fish. The N. Y. & Erie R. R., extends along the western border.

According to the census of 1870, the town then had a popula- tion of 1,480, most of whom are engaged in lumbering and tanning. The town has, according to the Proceedings of the

During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained nine school districts, and employed nine teachers. The num- ber of children of school age was 630; the number attending school, 437; the average attendance, 175; and,, the value of school houses and sites, $3,045.

i Cocnr.crox (p. v.) is beautifully situated on the east bank western terminus of the Newburnh & Cochecton Turnpike. It contains one church, (Presbyterian,) two hotels, (one of them is a Temperance House) several stores, one wagon shop,

Pronounced Coshtk-tun. It was originally called Cush-u-un-tunk , or low grounds.

one blacksmith shop, one shoe shop, thirty-seven dwellings and 250 inhabitants. Old Coeheeton Village, where the settlement j of the totvn first commenced, is diminishing in importance i since the location of the depot on the Erie R. R. at what is now called Coeheeton Village, and from which it is distant about one mile. It contains two stores, one hotel, one shoe shop, a cabi- net shop, several small shops representing various industries, fifteen dwellings and about ninety inhabitants.

stituted in 1864, by Joseph E. Chaffee of Binghamton.*

Depot, was organized Aug, 20, 1870, through the efforts of E. A. Wheeler. At its organization it had seventeen members ; it now has forty-seven. The .lodge is in a flourishing condi-

Coeheeton Center , (p. o.) formerly known as Stevensburgh, is located south-east of the center, six miles south-east of Co- checton, and contains a tannery, blacksmith shop, one store, a school house, a shoe shop, a wagon shop and about fifteen dwell- ings. The tannery is owned by Horton Knapp & Co., and was built by F. A. Stephens in 1850. It employs thirty men, con- sumes annually 5,000 cords of bark and tans about 40,000 sides of sole leather.

Fosterdale, f (p. o.) located near the north-east corner, on * the Newburgh and Coeheeton Turnpike, six miles east of Coeheeton, contains one store, two hotels, one blacksmith shop, one wagon shop, one tannery, one shoe shop, a school house, ten dwellings, and about fifty inhabitants. The tannery was built by Paul Seelig, in 1800. Its dimensions are thirty by fifty feet

Settlements were begun on the Delaware prior to the Revo- | Intion, but were broken up. The pioneer settler was N. Mitchell, who located near Coeheeton Village. Oliver Calkin came in from Springfield, Conn., at an early day. lie pur- j chased three thousand acres of land and began a settlement, j He subsequently gold one-fourth of this tract to Nathan ' j Mitchell, and another fourth to John and Elias Conklin, j Calkin was drowned at the head of Big Pine flat, in the s Delaware River, in 1*82. Among the early settlers were j

David Tyler, TCtr, meetings are held the first and third .Fridays in each

t This place derives iU cataa from Jesse M. Foster, who settled here la 1630, and

Nicholas Conklin and - - Tyler at Cochecton. Job Jones taughtthe first school, near Cochecton ; Maj. Ebenezer Taylor kept the first tavern and store, at Cochecton ; and Mitchell Conklin built the first saw mill, on Mitchell's Pond Brook. The first town meeting was held at the house of Stephen W. Gidney, in the village of Cochecton, March 3, 1829.*

Though the settlements in this town commenced prior to the He volution, they were so meager that the influence and im- pressions of that period, so far as they concern it, are of little Historic moment. Not so, however, was its participation in the war of the Rebellion. f

* At this meeting: it was " Resolved that this town will elect three Assessors, two Constables, one Collector, fonr fence viewers."

The following named persons were elected to the offices designated : James C. Caxtis, Supervisor ; Moses Calkin, Town Clerk; Nathan Mcntthroot, Alfred Nearing and Moses Calkin, Assessors ; John Hill. James Ross and David Young, Commissioners of Highways ; Squire Marsn, Bezaleel Calkin and Clark Brown, Commissioners of Ccon- mon Schools ; Chas. Wipple, John F. Avery and Wm. Brown. Inspector* of Common Schools ,* Stephen Mitchell end George Hill, Overseers of the Poor ; StepLua W. Gidney aud George Dili, Constables ; Stephen W. Gidney, Collector.

It was farther "Resolved that the Town have no pound'' ; "that Hogs shall not to free commoners " that $.150 be raised for the nse of the Poor for the ensuing year "that this Town of Cochecton Recompehce the Justices of the Peace of said Town, for the maintenance of Jack Verplark"; "that twice the amount of school monies received in, the Town for the benefit of Common Schools, be raised for the ensuing year " ; " that seventy-five dollars be raised for the use of Highways in said Town for the ensuing year " that the next annual Tow n Meeting he held at Stephen W. Sid- ney's, by a vote of SI to Id". The last resolution is of interest in that it gives an ap- proximate idea o? the number of voters in the town at that time, when it comprised both of the present towns of Cochecton and Delaware. The above are extracts from the Town Records.

tFrom the Town Records we make the following extracts pertaining to that period. The following is a list of names of officers who entered the service from this town:

let Lieut.

The following i« a list of the casualties among the men who enlisted in this town, as appears in the Town Records :

44 Charles La kins, died of disease in hospital at Philadelphia. Pa., and buried there.

" Henry Brooks, died in Regimental hospital of disease, July 27, 1S65, at Newbury, S. C., where his remains were interred.

"Nicholas Elbert, died of disease. !n hospital at Indianapolis, Ind.. May 7, 1S65.

"John Henry Mason, died at Laurel Station, Aug. S., 1565, and was buried there.

" George Lacey, died Nov*. Si, Irt-'L at Nashville, Tenn., at which place he is buried.

" Edward Bloomfield, died of disease in hospital, at , Feb. 14, - - , and is buried

"John G. Ross, died of disease Nov. gt 3 $63, at Stephenson, Ala., where he is buried.

is buried.

" Henry J. Lent, died of disease. July 1, 1363, at Hampton, where his body is buried."

"Gilbert Appicy, died of disease, January 2, 1654, iu hospital at Lookout Valley, where ho is buried.

"John Stahl, died of disease at Nashville, and is buried there.

"John Elfry, died in Feb. 1SH4, at NashvlUe, Tenn. and is buried there.

" Peter Eifry, died Dec. 20, 1863, at Atkins, where he is probably buried.

The Cochecton Presbyterian Church , located at Coehecton Tillage, is the only church in the town. It was organized with fifteen members, by Key. Charles Cummings, D. D., in 1812, and though it had no settled pastor until Rev. John Mole assumed that office in 1845, its pulpit was supplied by Rev. George K. McEwen as early as 1840; in which year it erected its house of worship, which will seat from 250 to 300 persons, at a cost of $1,800. The value of Church property is Brittain; and its membership, eighty. Since its organization to March 9, 1872, two hundred and one names have been enrolled on its list of members. Miss Prudence Irvine, who joined in 1821, is still a member.*

Dj&IjA W A JR.- JB was formed from Cochecton, March 1, 1869. f It is situated upon the bank of the Delaware, -which forms its western boundary, in the west part of the County, a little north of the center, and, according to the report of the Proceedings of the Board of Supervisors in 1871, has an area of 20,293 acres. Its surface is uneven, being broken by steep ridges and narrow ravines. The principal streams are the Cab licoonf and its branches. This stream enters the town near the north-east corner, and. flowing in a south-west direction

** PhiHp Muck, who was tnlsYi.-u in action at Social Creek, Ga., Nov. 20, ISM, and is -said to be dead.

" Cornelius* Lee, died \n ho -id* si <ms Morris Island.

" Thomas D. Ross, was killed by accident on the Erie JR. B., at Deposit. N. Y., and buried at Cadicoon Depot.

"Charles Lovett, died dune 1, Wi«. from the effects of an accideutal shot received while on picket, May Vh U -i, and b irted-in town of Thompson, Sullivan Co., N. Y.

*- Thomas Crosby, died in w Orleaue, Sept, 22, 1864. of injuries received irooi being thrown from hi a. horse. Ward Vi, Barrack Hospital. He is buried in N«w

" George Keesier, died et JMbabary, in Nov. 1S64.

and was buried J r*e&tiili\ SaUlvan Co., N. Y,"

* The follovda * sained person* fe*v« served in its pulpit:

. t The a>*t I* reclitsg the town of Delaware was passed Nov. 13, 1S68, and took edect

* F or a fuller description of the CalStcoon, see history of the town of Callicocn, page#

until it nearly touches the center of the south border, diverges, j and pursues a north-west direction, leaving the town and j emptying into the Delaware near the center of the west border, r The North Branch of the Callicoon enters the town near the j center of the north line, and, pursuing a south-west direction, i empties into the main branch about one and one-fourth miles j from its confluence with the Delaware. The mouth of the Callicoon is 777 feet above tide. This town has suffered to I some extent from the freshets which have visited the Callicoon.

A correspondent WTiting from Callicoon Depot, says, in regard to the freshet of 1855, in the North Branch :

"The mill dams of Lewis & Quick, on the North Branch, were swept away. Mills much damaged and great loss of lumber. Horton Curtis & Co.'s mill is all swept away, together with the dam. Then leather factory had a narrow escape. * Wm. H. Curtis has lost a large amount of lumber in the log. The boom in the dam broke and his logs were allow- ed to pass over and thence into the river without the aid of a steersman."

j Pike Pond,* in the south-east corner, is the only considerable sheet of water in the town. Much of the surface is still covered with forests, especially along the margin of the Dela- ware. But these are gradually disappearing as new accessions to its population are made. The soil is mostly a gravelly loam, and best adapted to pasturage. Lumbering and tanning form the leading branches of industry.

In 1870, as appears from the census of that year, the popu-

I During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained nine school districts, and employed ten teachers. The number of children of school age was 848 ; the number attending school, 657; the average attendance, 303; and the value of school houses and sites, 85,081.

Callicoon Depot, (p. v.) situated on the Delaware River, near the mouth of Callicoon Creek, is a station on the Erie K. E., and contains two churches, (Catholic and Methodist,) four stores in which general merchandise is sold, four groceries, three hotels, three blacksmith shops, one cabinet shop, a jewelry store and news room, a feed store, a school house, about thirty dwellings and about 150 inhabitants. A circular saw mill, located here and owned by Riley, Appley & Co., was j started about May 1, 1870,; and has facilities for sawing two million feet of lumber per annum.

The Callicoon, Depot Academy, of which J. J. Silk is prin- cipal, was founded in 1870, and is sufficiently commodious to j

This pond doubtless derives its wane from the abundance of pike which its waters ; contained at an early day. and which the early settlers were wont to substitute for \ pork, when the latter article in th-.-ir larder became exhausted. Deer are stiil quite j numerous in its vicinity, eleven having been killed during the winter of 1671-2.

accommodate two hundred students. 3t lias two apartments for seating pupils, and two recitation rooms; all of which are fitted with a view to the comfort and convenience of both teachers and pupils. It employs three teacher's; and the average number of pupils in daily attendance has been one hundred and four. v

Pike Pohd, (p. v.) situated near the south-east corner, and ! the outlet of Pike Pond, from which it derives its name, con- s tains one church, (M. E.) one store, one tannery, one grist : mill, one wagon shop, one blacksmith shop, one shoe shop, two saw mills, one hotel, twenty-five dwellings and about 125 1 inhabitants. The tannery is owned by Gideon 'Wales. It em- ploys thirty men, consumes annually 3,000 cords of bark, and

Beech Wood (p.o.) is located a- little north-east of the center' of the town.

Falls Mill (p. o.) is located on the Callicoon, near the j south line.

Hoetomville is a small village, situated on the North Branch of the Callicoon, about two miles from Callicoon Depot, from which place it receives its mail.

The HortonviUe Carriage . Factory and Blade smithing Works, located here, give employment to six men. They are owned by Messrs. Gardner, Ostvrhout k Go., who are -doing a flourishing business. The tannery at this place, owned by Henry Gardner, and run by Geo. W . Darby, employs eight persons,, annually

Settlements were made in this town prior to the Revolution, but they were dispersed by the marauding and hostile Indians . during that period. who is believed to have been

the first settler, moWfrhefe from Somerset Go., New Jersey, i about 1708, and >:-; ttlcd on the farnlWiow owsficT by Alfred Tyler. During the Revolutionary war he extended a generous : hospitality toward the Indians, but the latter mistrusted him,

| and from certain indications which led him to believe that \ unless he removed to a less exposed section of the country he 1 I would soon share the late of most of the isolated settlers along 1 the Delaware, who had fallen victims to the rapacity or brutal j butchery c*i tie* h vt;: .* Indians, he was admonished to leave the , penis which sarr 1 him in his new home and repair to a

saier locality. Acemuingiy one night after the Indians had disappeared, he quietly buried his goods and started with his family, in a pine canoe down the Delaware to the mouth of the

, Xeversink) near Port Jervis. From there he proceeded to Deer- 1 park, Orange Co., where troops were stationed. When he returned to his farm his buildings were in ruins, but the things j he had buried he found as he left them.

Among the early settlers were David Young, at Big Island;* j and John Ross, at Callicoon Creek. Charles Layton moved ! into the town from Somerset Co., New Jersey, in 1796, and j located on the Callicoon, orpa farm afterwards owned by Geo.

- I\ Garyhart. John Layton, son of Charles, was born the fol- l lowing year, and is now. living. The first saw mill was built in i 1815, by Edward G-. Griswold, near the mouth of the Callicoon,

I where Appley's mill now stands. The second mill was built at Pike Pond, by Nathan Moulthrop. About fifteen years later j ; the first regular grist mill was built at Pike Pond, by Wm.

I Bonesteel. There was, however, a * little tub mill" built near ! where Applets mill stands, but it was only a temporary affair.}

| The Methodists seem to have been first to initiate an organ- ized religious movement, and to crystallize their religions con- victions by the erection of an edifice in which to conduct their ! devotional exercises.

: The M. E. Church , located at Pike Pond, was organized by

i Lev. John Davy, who was its first pastor, but in what year is I not known, though doubtless prior to 1850, as in that year its . house of worship, which wall seat 130 persons, was erected, at a

j The Reformed Church. , located at Jeffersonville, was organized j .with twenty-four members, by Bov. Mr. Wolf, who was its first | pastor, in 1854, in which year its house of worship, which will seat two hundred persons, was erected. It has ninety mem- j bers ; and Wm. Eldridge is the pastor. The Church property

The First M. E. Church , located at Callicoon Depot, was or- j ganized with twenty-five members, by Rev. Wm A. Hughson,

| the first pastor, in 1861. The first church edifice, was erected j the same year; the present one, which will seat three hundred j Coombs is the present pastor ; and the membership, twenty.

; The value of the Church property is $3,000.

,! The Holy Cross Church , (Catholic) located at Callicoon De- j ( pot, was organized with one hundred members, by Rev. J.

| A Tin, its first and present pastor, in 1869, in which year the

l "At Island, about two miles below Callicoon Depot, was an extensive Indian ! - ;arial place, of which traces are occasionally plowed up at the present day.

TFor military statistics, see history of Cochecton, which then, comprised Delaware.

church edifice, erected, and formerly occupied by tlie Method- ists, which wdll seat twTo hundred persons, was purchased from that Society for $2,000. There are now one hundred and twenty members. The Church property is yalued at $2,500.

JFALLSBUHGIf was formed from Thompson and Neversink, March 9, 1820.* It .derives its name from the falls in Neversink River, at Fallsburgh Village. Its surface is hilly and rolling. It is drained by the Neversink and its branches. Sheldrake Pond, (named from the wild ducks that formerly frequented its waiters,) Smith, Hill and Brown Ponds in the west, and East Pond in the east, are the principal bodies of water. The soil is a gravelly loam. The people are chiefly engaged in lumbering and dairying.!

The population in 1870 was 3,211. During the year ending Sept. 30, 1S71, the town contained twenty-one school districts, and employed eighteen teachers. The number of children of school age was 1,305, the number attending school, 959; the average attendance, 399 ; and the value of school houses and

Fallsburgh (p. v.) is situated on the Neversink, seven and one-half miles north from Monti cello, about the center of the town. It contains one church, (M. E.) two stores, a grist miih (with two runs of stones, which capacitate it to grind 2oo bushels of grain per day,) two saw mills, the Fallsburgh Light Carriage and Sleigh Manufactory, (Jas. B. Gardner, proprietor.'? one hotel, (Temperance,) one cigar manufactory, two black smith shops, one harness shop, one district, and one select- school, and about 130 in habitants. J

*Tb« ftm officer* Herman M. Hardenbergh, Supervisor ; RicUd. A*

Reasiu!'.-. Crawford, James Brown and Cornelius D. Eller, Asses-' -* ,

ICsr'.-y R. U i ii v: ; U'-nvy 31'sner -and John Eller, Commissioners of Ui'Acvsy- .

Kin*? can s >'*-?. i ii-if-.s Lawn-nee and John Hill, Commissioners of Corn- . lector ; * »rn-n lurinw 1 c. Lndinirton, Daniel Conch and Ales. C. Sicat.c tub's; Jtt.-i i> '.vi« H. lianienlfvrg h, Win. Hill and J alias I. Starr, Inspector J Common tkhiKoa.

fTuriul^ V i-' formerly one of the leading branches of industry, birt it has now dv n* ' v - and Palen & Adams, began tanning

bnrr.Ki and *r\A probably not he rebuilt. At present there are no tanneries in operc.i in IfaUsbargh.

?Tl'.c Never-dnV has a fail of twenty-three feet at this village : and is spanned '- v * Stone bridge of one arch, and of seventy f - d chord. - Gordon's GoselU r, 8. Ar. E..: '

Woodbourne, (p. y.) situated on the Fever sink, two miles north of Fallsburgh, contains two churches, (Reformed and : Catholic,) one store, one district school, one hotel, a cheese factory, a cabinet shop, two shoe shops, one tin shop, a harness shop, a wagon shop, two blacksmith shops, and 140 inhabitants.*

* Hasbrouck (p. V.,) is situated on the Neversink, in the north part of the town, three miles north from Wood.bourne, and five from Fallsburgh. It contains two district schools, a grist mill,f two saw mills, two stores, two blacksmith shops, a wagon shop, a shoe shop, and about ninety inhabitants.

Divine's Corners is a hamlet, located in the north-west corner, and is one and three-fourths miles north from Loch 1 Sheldrake, about five miles east from Liberty, and six miles north-west from Woodbourne. It contains one district school,

, one store, one wragon shop, a blacksmith shop, and forty

Loch Sheldrake, (p. v.) three miles west from Wood- bourne, at the foot of Sheldrake Pond, contains two hotels, two shoe shops, one grocery, one blacksmith shop, and forty

Centerville Station, (p. o.) a little south-east of the " contains one store, a school house, and about a dozen houses.

Sandbkrgh (p. v.) is situated in the south-east corner of the town, on the Samlburgh Creek, and is a station on the

1 two district schools, one store, two blacksmith shops, a wagon j shop, three saw mills, a turning shop, one hotel, and a stone ; quarry. The village is mostly in the valley of the creek, but j the church, one school house, and afiout a half dozen houses are one mile south from the post office.

Isaac Wood's Saw Mill, two miles west from Sandburgh, on the Sandburgli Creek, has facilities for manufacturing about

Fallsburgh Station, near the west border, is a station on the X. Y. & O. Midland R. R. It contains Carley s Hotel.

*M. T. Morss of Woodbonrue hn« a tannery at Mormon Mills, which tang abont i 80,(HX) sided annually, consume* about 3,000 cords of bark, employs from 25 to SO men,

'> Mul use* principally South vMu'wfr&n hides. He has also a tannery at Black Lake, in ' t town of B.'Un ! "of a .at < r capacity, but which tans also the same quantity of Lues. Mr. Mom owns -* v- u kin:;*, two' of which are devoted inainiy to the raising ; of crops, but tno larger portiuu of them are devoted to dairying. lie has an extensive j interest in the lumbering business.

+The Hasbrouck Custom Mill, located at Hasbrouck, of which T..& H. Misner are \ brons. , contains two runs of stones, for dour anti feed, and is capacitated to grind 200 ! busnels of grain per day.

near the west border.

The N. Y. & 0. Midland R. R . recently opened through the ! town, enters it- near the south-east corner, and extending in a general north-westerly direction, and passing through a tunnel , one thousand feet long, about equi- distant from the points ! where it enters and leaves the town, leaves it near the center of : the west border. The tunnel is cut- through solid rock, the : stratification of which is so even that the roof is nearly per- j fectly smooth. The railroad crosses the Heversink on a bridge ; elevated sixty feet above the water. It is approached by trestle I work. The united length of trestle and bridge is about 1,700

The settlement of this town was commenced, it is believed, pre- j vious to the Revolution, by Germans, who were driven off during I that war.* Soon after peace was declared, three brothers by the ! name of Baker located in town and commenced the first per- i manent settlement. Thomas Bawson came in 1787 or 5S8. | Thomas Grant came in 1789 to view the country, and was so well pleased that he induced his father, Joshua Grant, (who was j formerly from Scotland, hut for some time a resident of Con- , necticut,) to move msL The following year Mr. Grant, with his wife and three of his sons, Joshua Jr., Ephraim and Nathan, j settled at Hasbrouck. They first stopped at Thunder Hill, in i a house in whose construction not a board was used, it being I made of logs and slabs. His son William came in 1790. f , Samuel, Thaddeus and Obediah J Brown, and James Hill settled a ! little north of FalEburgh, and James Kicoll, Peter Ferden and Mr. Brush on the site of the village. Peter Van Leuven built } a grist mill near Woodbonrne in 1793. Seth Gillett built a saw ' mill at Hasbrouck the same year. The first store at the Falls j was kept by Ilermon Buggies and Henry Reed, in 1808, and a j grist mill in 1899. Archibald Jarr kept an inn at Dennistons , Ford in 1797. An ex traordinaiy and destructive flood occurred : compelled the inhabitants to ileeto the hills. § Among the early j settlers we re A brant Warring, from Westchester Co., Stafford JD. O Neill, irom Ireland, John Tapping, from Dutchess Co.,

-Fruit tre -ii by neuter# are said to be still standing.

the fieid.

tOp'ii th Brown, >*bo & Revolutionary soldier, is reputed to have been a despe- , rate > s: - un i fci« o>mp&Gy seems to have been uncongenial to the early

gazetteer of towns.

and Timothy Childs, all of whom came previous to 1809, Henry Misner, now 87 years old, Dr. Waterhouse and Capt. Dune Eundall. Abner Seeley and his son Oliver came in 1809. Mr. Seeley was a millwright and miller, and came for the purpose of building the mills. He was the first miller, and was succeeded by his son Oliver, and his grandson Horace, the present incum- bent of the Fallsburgh Mill. With the exception of one year, when theoffi.ee was performed by a man named Dickinson, they are the only millers who have been employed in this mill. In 1 797, the nearest mill was at Xapanoch,(UlsterOo.,) and for many v ears the nearest market was X e wbu rgh. Peter Misner came from Xew Jersey in the spring of 1787, and settled about one mile north of Woodbourne. He had at that time thirteen children, (and one was subsequently .born to him,) one of whom, Henry, is now living on the old farm, aged 87, the oldest man living in town. His second wife is now 81 years old. She came from Ballston, Saratoga County, Major Josiah Depuy, from Eochester, i (Ulster Co.,) settled in this town on lot 3 of the Harden bnrgh Patent, in 1793. His son, John IL, who was then two years old, is still living near Thunder Hill. Mr. Depuy bought out

John Gorton, Brushes, Misner, Henry Osterhout,

Clark, and Aaron and Garrett Van Bensc'hoten, from

Dutchess County, settled near Woodbourne, previous to 1793. Joseph Divine, from PlattekilL (Ulster Co.,) settled near Divines Corners in 1795. He was formerly from Connecticut, and served during the French war, as private, under Gen. Am- burst. Daniel Perry? from Bedding, (Fairfield Co., Conn.) now' 89 years old, settled in the south part of the town, near the

Col. Seely, who struck the first blow in the woods in the village of Fallsburgh, at the falls of the Xeversin k, used to tell a great many stories of "old Boz," a dog owned by Uriah Hill, one of his neighbors, among which is the following :* * - While the Colonel was walking one December day in the woods, near the river, he heard Boz barking and coming towards him. Looking in the direction of the noise, he saw twro deer, closely followed by the dog. They passed him in the direction of the river, and the barking soon ceased. While he deliberated w hat w'as best to do, he heard the dog coming again, preceded by two more deer, which he chased to the same place as the others. Hearing a deer bleat, the Colonel made his way through the thicket to the river, and there found four deer lying dead within a few rods of each other.

-The substance of this and the following incident arc extracts from the writings of

During the early settlement of the town, bears and other wild animals abounded in large numbers. To rid the couutrv of these uncongenial neighbors and not unfrequently as a direct means of self-preservation , the early settlers often displayed much ingenuity in devising means to aid them in accomplishing thi3. Many were very successful in catching bears in pens, which were made square, and constructed of logs, on the side of a hill. The entrance was on the upper side, and the trap was so arranged that it could only be set and opened on the outside. When the trap was baited the door hung open, so as to admit the entrance of the animal; and when the bait was disturbed the door closed and effectually secured - whatever was inside. Col. Seely fixed one of these bear pens near the falls of the Neversink, in Falisburgh. One morning he found in it a cub, which he shot, and setting his gun against a tree, he opened the trap and entered it to eject the young bear, in doing which he accidently touched the lever connected with the bait, and imprisoned himself with his game. At this instant the old bear made its appearance, and raged furiously. She caught hold of the logs with her powerful fore-paws and tried 'to pull them apart, at the same time biting off large mouthfnlls of bark and wood. Tailing in this, she thrust her powerful paws through the crevices and tried to reach the terrified Colonel. As often as the Colonel changed his position, with a view to putting as much distance as was possible between himself and the enraged . bear, she made a corresponding change, and by this means worried him almost to death. In the meantime the Colonel made good use of his lungs and was heard by Philander Warring, who hastened to his assistance, and shooting his vigilant sentinel, released him from his prison. When the Colonel regained his freedom, he said, " Well, Phelan, I think I know' how a mouse feels in a wire trap, when a cat 's watching

then about. 25 y. ars of age, owned a powerful bulldog, with whose, and his (O'Xeill's) younger brother's (who was fifteen years of age,) aid he captured a bear. Coming to the house lor dinner one day, the family reported that a bear had just passed up the road. The trio started in pursuit. The dog goon bounded off at right angles into the woods, thus in- dicating the direction taken by the bear. Following, the Major soon saw tie- dog bound over a fallen hemlock and im- mediately a light began. The dog had closed with the hear, and when the Major and his brother arrived, he had him firmly held by the throat. After two or three minutes the bear seemed to give up, when the Major seized him firmly behind

the ears, while his brother choked off the dog. The bear now tried to turn upon the Major, who opposed the idea, and, as he desired to secure him alive, he lifted him in his arms, retaining his hold, and carried him home, about half a mile, carrying him eight or ten rods at a time, and resting, alternately. The i boar was a yearling. It died after a fewT days from injuries in- dicted by the dog.

The first church (Kef. Prot. D.) was built at Hasbrouck. It was burned in 1837, and rebuilt at "Wood bourne. One of the earliest preachers in the town was - - - Stewart.

The First M. E. Church of Fallsburgk, located at Fallsburgh village, was organized with from twelve to fifteen members, but at what date is not known. The first pastor was Zephan- iah JNr. Lewis; the present one is Kev, Joseph Whitaker. The first and present house of worship, which will seat 300 persons, together with Church property, is 83,000. The present num- ber of members is ten.

The Holy Trinity (German Catholic,) Church , located at Woodbourne, was organized in 1SG0, with thirty-two members, by Kev. John Kanfeisen, assisted by Anthony Metz and John Schmitt. Key. John Kanfeisen was its first pastor; Key. P. Droste is the present one. The first house of worship was will seat 150 persons, was erected in i860. The present yalue of Church property is 8:2,000, The present number of mem- bers i3 seventeen. The membership has diminished in Con- sequence of the decline in the tanning business and the withdrawal of many of the persons engaged in it to other

The Sandburg h M. E. Church , located at Sandburgh, was or- ganized by Key. Horace Weston, its first pastor, with five mem- bers. The first and present house of worship, which will seat 200 persons, was erected iu 1850, at wrhich time there were about eighty members. The present membership is thirty; and the present pastoff Key. C. H. Reynolds. The original cost of the church edifice was $1,434 ; the present value of Church

The Kew Prospect (Union) Church, located one mile west of Loch Sheldrake, was organized in 1860, by the different denom- ' i nations. The first and present house of worship was erected sons. The present value of Church property is $1,000. The present pastor is Kev. J. Uapier Husted, of Liberty, and the membership, about twenty-five.

The Glen Wild M. E. Church , located at Glen Wild, was organized about 1807, with three or four members. The first i and present house of worship was erected in 1806, at a cost of j Church, property is $3,400. It has fifty members, and Rev. Chas. H. Reynolds for its pastor.

FOIl FS TB Uli G II was formed from Thompson and Mamakating, May 2, 1837.* It lies principally upon the high i ridges between the Neversink and Mongaup rivers, and has a broken surface and an average elevation of 1,200 feet above tide.

In this town are several small lakes, the principal of which are ! Ruddick's Pond in the north-west, Beaver Pond in the south, ! and Panther Pond in the center. The streams are the Never- I sink River, which flows through the east part of the town ; the j Mongaup River, a wild and romantic stream, which forms the i west boundary, and furnishes a succession of excellent water ; privileges ; Black Brook, which is a tributary to the Mongaup ; and Bushkill Creek, f which is tributary to the Neversink.J The town still retains the character implied by its name.

The Mongaup Falls, on the Mongaup River, are situated ! about one and one-half miles south-west of Forestburgh village, j in the heart of the forest. Above the falls the river is about four : i rods wide, but at the falls the rushing waters are confined i | within less than one-third that space by huge rocks which rise |

I about thirty feet above them. Below the falls the stream again ;

| widens. The waters, compressed within their narrow limits, \

! rush with great force, through the rpeky chasm to their j first descent, about twenty feet, where they form a small whirl- [ pool, after which they make three leaps in quick succession, j The total fall is about sixty feet. Below the last fall the water j is very deep. In the rocks over which the water pours, are very

* stood where E. Hart wfUV. now i*. The following officers were elected by uplifted ;

Asewors, An hll M MM*a Read and .James R. Drake; Overseers of the /-'< r,

Zephaniah Drake and AiU-dhabi M 1 -* 1 ; Commissioners of Highways^ Ed ward Carpenter, Nathaniel Green jit -- : .*n « .Drake; Commissioners of Common Schools, Archibald i

Mills. John K. U liinu:' a vi Robert It. Palmer ; inspectors of Common Schools < Win. F. Broad head, Archibald Mill* and John K. Williams; Collector, Nathaniel Green; Con- dabUs. Philo Ib-rter, J o* . Norris and Andrew XI. Tagget. At that meeting it was resolved that the coUeruu > fees for the ensuing year be five per cent.

prt'pei ris n incry of a.: * *-. T?iv volume of water is abundant for tliie- purpose ;

at Ui seasons of ih > - ; rrent is rapid, and its bed broken by unmet ys

t All the ponds and streams were formerly well stocked with trout, bet in most of them they have disappeared aiuco the advent of the tanneries. Pickerel and pt*e nre quite abundant in the Ponds, they having been stocked with those fish about thirty-five years ago, since which time they have increased largely.

one hundred feet above them, is a large rock called "fiat rock," from the point of which is obtained a splendid view of nature's wildness and grandeur.f

Two hunters once extricated a deer which they found in these rocks. When released it sprung from them, and falling into one of these holes, disappeared and was never more seen by them. Saw logs are sometimes caught in them, and, by the action of the water, are ground to a point, as if in a turning-lathe. There are also one or two- very sharp rocks, on which saw-logs sometimes strike, and are split in two.

+ These falls are graphically described in the Poems of Alfred B. Street, Yol. 1, p. S6, from which we extract the following :

" Struggling along the mountain path,

We hear, amid the gloom,

Like a roused giant's voice of wrath,

A deep-toned, sullen boom ;

Emerging on a platform high,

, Burst sudden to the startled eye

Bocks, woods, and waters, wild and rude, -

A scene of savage solitude.

Swift as an arrow from the bow,

Headlong the torrent leaps.

Then tumbling rounds in dazzling Enow Ahd dizzy whirl it sweeps ;

Then, shooting through the narrow aisle Of this sublime cathedral pile,

- Amid its vastness; dark and grim,

, It peals its everlasting hymn.

Pyramid on pyramid of rock Tower upward wild and riven.

As piled by Titan hands to mock The distant smiling heaven.

And when its blue streak is displayed. Branches their emerald m-t -work braid So high, the eagle in hi- flight Seems bat & dot upon the eight.

Here columned hemlocks point in air Their cone-like fringes green ;

Their trunks hatig knotted, black and bare. Like spectres o'er the scene;

Here, lofty crag and d*-«p abyss,

And awe-inspiring precipice;

There, grottos bright in wave-worn gloss, And carpeted with velvet moss.

No wandering ray e'er kissed with light This rock-wailed sable pool,

Spangled with foam-gems thick and white, Anil slumbering deep and cool;

But where yon cataract roars down,

Set by the sun. a rainbow crown Is dancing o'er the dashing strife, -

Hope glittering o'er the storm of life.

Beyond, the smooth and mirrored sheet

The very ripples, murmuring sweet.

The violet from the grassy side Hips its blue chalice in the tide;

And, gliding o'er the leafy brink,

The deer, unfrightened, stoops to drink."

Lumbering, tanning, quarrying and dairying constitute the principal employments of the people. Nearly the whole length of the Bushkill Creek, "the mountains on either side are up- held by the finest, most easily developed, and inexhaustible quarries of flagging, curbing and building stone, any where to be found on the globe. In variety, texture and quality, they exceed the famous quarries of Kingston, Rondout, Saugerties, along the Hudson River, which, having enriched the communi- ties where they exist, are becoming exhausted, and their opera- tors are purchasing quarry territory on the line of this deposit"* The opening of the Monti cello & Port Jervis R. R., which en- ters the town on the north border and extends through it in a j southerly direction, along the valley of Bushkill Creek, run- } ning through the heart of this rich deposit of stone, must j stimulate the development of this vast source of wealth, which j has lain comparatively dormant in the absence of an adequate j means of transportation. The lumbering and tanning interests, which are extensive along this creek, must also be largely stim- ulated by the additional facilities thus afforded for transporting their valuable products to market.

This town ha3 an area of 33,306 acres, of which, according

The population of the town in 1870 was 916. During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, it contained seven school districts, and employed six teachers. The number of -children of school j age was 291 ; the number attending school, 211 ; the average attendance, 83 ; and the value of school houses and sites, SS25.

Again, on page 2S6 of the ft&mo 'volume:

And tscatiorcd wi;!s low circling spangles of white.

A deep gorge wind* upward, and forth with a bound The carar .-lV pitch shakes ita thunder around ;

Jt comee from ::s shadowi*! and prison-like clea

On * grim taa»e of gloom, wt boed below with a screen, The cataract carting white Hashes between,

A* though « mad monatsr in torments beneath Were now tLL\d then grasping the boughs with his teeth.

The trrrv.'s v h to pmngvs, bold leap upon leap,

Fir*t wrmJ'.r.g, then bounding, once more and once more.

In & high fo&muig hihock convulsively tossed/'

ForESTBURGH, (p. o.) located in the west part of the town, on a small stream which rises in Panther Pond, is a hamlet. It contains a church, (M. E.,) scliool house, store, blacksmith shop, wagon shop, shoe shop, saw and lath mill, eight houses and about fifty inhabitants.

Forest Glen is a hamlet in the west part, located on Black I Brook, and contains a grist and saw mill, hotel, wagon and blacksmith shop, eight houses and about thirty inhabitants.

Hartwood (p. v.) is situated on the Bushkill, and is the i tains a store, saw mill, turning and planing mill, fifteen dwell- - ings and eighty inhabitants. Hartwood, with 3,600 acres of j land surrounding it, is owned by Thomas Clapham of Long I Island. On this land are valuable deposits of stone, but as yet | no attempt has been made to utilize it. The inhabitants are j principally engaged in lumbering, and the industries growing out of it. About 200,000 feet of lumber are annually manufac- tured. lu the turning mill are manufactured fringe boards, ribbon and belt blocks and warp rolls for the use .of silk

| north part, contains a store, a new school house, thirty-two j houses, Gillman's steam saw mill, the most extensive one in the I town, (which has a gang of twenty-two * saws ; employs from eighty to two hundred men ; receives timber from a four j thousand acre tract of land owned by Mr. Gillman; and anuu- | ally manufactures from three to four million feet of lumber, j which is shipped to Xew York,) and about one hundred inhab- ! itants. A tannery is soon to be erected here, j Oakland (Oakland Valley p. o.) is located at the confluence j of the Xeversink and Bushkill, in the south-east corner, and is j a store, two saw mills, a grist mill, a tannery, two blacksmith shops, a wheelbarrow manufactory, a lath mill, a toll bridge across the Xeversink, (owned by the Oakland Bridge Co.,) I | thirty-five houses and about one-hundred and ten inhabitants.

I Messrs. O. B. Wheeler & Sons of Oakland do an extensive J business. They are engaged, in addition to their store business, j in lumbering, quarrying and tanning, in which they employ j two hundred men. The tannery is on the Bushkill, which | furnislies: .the motive power. It employs 100 vats, and con- sides of oak-tanned leather. They quarry and ship about four j car loads of stone each day. This branch of their business is i constantly increasing. A ready market is found in Xew York j ] for the products of both the tannery and the quarry. i

The. Wheelbarroio Manufactory of Ketch tim & Bro. at Oak- land, employs from fifteen to twenty men, consumes about

-wheelbarrows per annum. New York is the principal market !

Baenums Station is on the M. & P. J. It R, near the north j line of the town, At this point is a saw mill owned and operated by Geo. W. Barnum of Monticello, who also owns quite a tract of timber land.

The five saw mills of Dodge, Hartwill & Co. manufacture { annually about 700,000 feet of lumber. The Co. employ one man j in each mill, who receives a stated sum for each thousand feet 1 of lumber manufactured, and employs such additional help as i he may need. They also employ other men to deliver the lumber, who are hired in the same way.

The Telford Tannery , located, about one mile north of Forest* j burgh village, on Black Brook, and owned by Cbas. H. Gilder- sleeve, was built in 185.1, by Dodge, Hartwill & Go. It was subsequently owned by Gad Wales & Co. sixteen years, and by James Gildersleevc & Co. two years, after which it came into the possession «of its present owner. It contains ninety vats, twenty operatives ; consumes annually 3,000 cords of hemlock bark, and manufactures 25,000 sides of sole leather, which is disposed of in New York. Mr. Gildersleeve also has a store, containing a general assortment of merchandise. He annually usee in business about. $75,0O&

The saw mill of Mathews' & Williams, located on a small stream in the northern part of the town, annually manufactures

200.000 feet of lumber and a considerable quantity of lath ; and that of John Buddick, adjacent to it, about 150,000 feet.

GiUmmds Tannery, on the Mongaup, contains 108 vats, 36 handlers and 14 leaches ; employs about a dozen men ; con- j

20.000 hides of leather, the market for which is New York.

A large gang saw mill was erected just below Mongaup Falls j about 1852-3 ; but after running one or two years it was burned. Since then no use has been made of this splendid water power.

Settlement was commenced prior to the Revolution, and was recommenced on the Mmjgaup in 1795. Zephaniah, Nathan ! and Luther Drake - iv p: oncers in the south-west part of the * town, and F.lisha Smith. imar Oakland. The former came in j 1790, at which time there were no public roads in the town. It was an almo.-i: unbroken forest, infested with all kinds of wild beasts, which made frequent raids upon the sheep and

voting, cattle, and proved a great source of annoyance to the early settlers. Footpaths were cut through the dense forest.

Among the early settlers were Stokes, who settled at For-

estburgh in 1809; Jubal Turbal, who settled at Forest Glen in 1811, and built the grist and saw mills now at that place; Jeremiah Pierson, who settled on Black Brook about the same time ; John Lovelace, who came from Dutchess county in 1811;

Archibald Mills,* who came from Goshen, (Orange Co.,) in tract of land in the town ; David Horton, who came in ISIS;

, James Ketchum, who settled at Oakland in 1824, at which j time there was but one house there; James Dill, who came . from Orange county in 1825, when the town was nearly a wil- : derness and contained only one public road, when the forests were full of game and the streams well supplied with trout, perch, catfish and eels ; and Wrn. Wells, who settled near For- est burgh in 1827. Miss Moore taught the first school at I) rakes town. S. Conan t kept the first inn, and Thos. Alsop, the first store, at Forestburgh. The first saw mill was built at Oakland, at the month of the Bushkill, in 1780, by people from the village of Minisink, in Orange county, i Lev. Isaac Thomas (Meth.) was the first preacher in the

The M. E. Church , located at Forestburgh, was organized in : 1838, by Rev.-D. Buck, with twenty members. The first pastor : was Rev. Enos Greene; the present one is A. L. Smith. The first and present house- of worship was erected in 1859, previ- ous to which time there was no church in the town, meetings j being held in the school house. The original cost of the i church edifice, which will seat 300 persons, was $1,500. The ! present value of Church property is $3,000. There are now ' fifty members.

The Presbyterian organization existed previous to the i Methodist, and the Congregational still exists and is ruinis- ! tered to by Rev. Felix Kite. Keith er of the latter organiza- | lions have church edifices. The latter uses the house erected ? by the Methodists.

i *We are indebted to Mr. Mill* for much of the information here given in regard to the early history of this town. lie is tow eighty years oid, has resided in the town ! since ISfO, and has surveyed most of the land in it. lie tells the following amusing anecdote : At one time twenty-eight men, gome of whom were then strangers to Mr. Mills, wer on a hantii g ex :: sioh at a place called " Bush Ridge." Mr. Mills shot at ich be only \ mded One of the. party, whose dog had been shot, tr. learn- ' ir.tr that Mills had discharged his gun, stumbled towards him. falling and " filling" Ids gnu with : t \ . - he did so, and i cased him of shooting his dog He was

{ oucht to be shot himself.'' Mr. Mills replied that he w-ould go forty rods on and they ; might shoot as long as they pleased, hut they concluded not to try this expedient of ! t'Ung the dispute, and the party went in search of the deer shot by Mr. Mills, which

they soon found dead.

JPUJEJMONT was formed from Callicoon, jSTov. 1, 1851, ] and named in honor of John C. Fremont. It lies in the ex- j treme west part of the County, upon the bank of the Delaware. . Its surface is broken and hilly, especially in the west and south ! parts, wrhere the summits rise from 600 to 1,000 feet above the j part is more even, and adapted to grass and spring crops. It . \ is watered by numerous small streams, the principal of which j are Basket and Hankins creeks, and several small lakes, the most important of which are Long, Found and Basket ponds, in the north ; Fox Pond in the east; and Trout Pond, near the center. The Erie R. It extends through the town, along its south-west border, and the bank of the Delaware.

According to the census of 1870, the town then contained a population of 2.218, many of whom are Germans who can neither read nor write the English language. Their principal occupation is lumbering and tanning.

During the year ending Sept. 30, 1S71, the town contained eleven school districts and employed the same number of ! teachers. The number of children of school age was 893 ; the j number attending school, 536; the average attendance, 216; I and the value of school houses and sites, $5,875.

which, as appears from .the census of 1865, were then im- | proved, leaving 26,079 acres of unimproved land.

j Douglass Vitxag k, (Long Eddy p. o.) also known as Bas- ket Station. is located in the extreme north-west corner, on ; j the Delaware, and on the Erie R, R. It was incorporated , blacksmith shops, four saw mills, (two of which are run by j steam and two by water.) seventy dwellings and 450 in- ; habitants. There are two small religious societies here, j (Methodist and Baptist,) neither of which have a church ) edifice. They worship in the school house.

IIaxkix-S (p. o.) situated on the Delaware, near the mouth of* theer«.a-k wm-v name it bears, is a station on the Erie R. R-? j and contains one hotel, two stores, a small clothing store, a j blacksmith shop and about one hundred inhabitants. The

Cha*. G. Armrtron *- *.*. L- 1 rd and Aaron Van Benaciitd.cn; Police Justice, or'uu |

the town of Hancock, lhu.vAaxti Co.

hotel is kept by John R. Kellam, who is also proprietor of a store in which general merchandise is sold, a blacksmith shop and two sawr mills, one of which is located in this town, on i Hankins Creek, the other in Penn., on the west side of the ; Delaware. Mr. Kellam deals extensively in lumber.

Feemokt Cextek (p. y.) is located on Hankins Creek, and,

; as its name implies, near the center of the town. It contains j one clmrch, (M. E.) one store, one hotel, one stave factory, one carding machine, a blacksmith shop, a wagon shop, and 13. P.

- Buckley & Son's tannery, in which is tanned about 40,000 sides "per annum. .

Milesville, located on Hankins Creek, nearly equi-distant | from Fremont Center and Hankins Station, derives its name j from the Messrs. Miles, who operate a tannery* there. In ad- dition to the tannery, it contains a store, a blacksmith and wagon shop, a hotel and about thirty dwelling houses, many of which were built and are owned by the Messrs. Miles.

Obeekbuegh, located -about two miles east from Fremont Center, in the east part, contains one holed, a brewery, a grocery, a school, a church, (Catholic) and ten dwelling houses. The inhabitants in this part of the town are mostly German.

The first settlers were Joseph Green, at Long Eddy, John Hankins, at Hankins Station, Benjamin Misner, at Long Pond, j and Zach. Ferdon, at Round Pond. Among the early settlers j was Widow Elizabeth M isner, to whom was given one hundred i acres of land in the north part of the town, near Long Pond.

1 G. Scott and - - Misner, settled near Fremont Center, the j latter in 1846. John Minkler settled here when the town was l a wilderness, and there was no mill nearer than Liberty. He : helped to raise the first mill, barn and house erected in the j town. John Ileldrick, who settled with his family near the center, had two children, girls, the eldest of whom was six years, the younger, three or four, who strayed from home one day and became lost. The neighboring settlers assisted in the search and the lost children were found in a hollow log; but the eldest was insane and, though she lived sixteen years, never fully recovered her senses. Sarah Phillips taught the first school ; John Ranfiesen kept the first inn ; and John Hankins kept the

* The Tanner/ is* operated with a capital of $125,000. It gives employment to twenty-

1 ^aeiiinos, one bark mill, two hide mills aud one liquor pump. The motive power is burnished by a steam engine of thirty-five horse power, and a head of water equivalent to an engine of eight horse power.

first store and built the first saw mill. The first town meet-in was held the first Tuesday in March, 1852, at the house of 1 Ezekiel Gf. Scott.* , j

The early settlers erected a small school house, which was constructed of logs and covered with bark. In this they were accustomed occasionally to worship. Elder Little, a Baptist, who preached there, was probably the first preacher in the town. But, though the Baptists are entitled to the honor of initiating religious services, to the Catholics is due the erection of the first church edifice in the town.

The St. Mary's Church , (Roman Catholic) located at Obern- ' burgh, and -organized with eighty members, by Rev. John Ran- feisen, its first pastor, in 1852, erected its firsFhouse of worship ; in 1852. The present one, which wril! seat 200 persons, was Rev. Joseph Roesch; and the membership, 350. The Church

The Methodist Church , located at Fremont Center, was organ- ized by Aaron Coons, in I860, in which year the house of wor- ship, which will seat 350 persons, was erected at a cost of no pastor.

HIGHLAND was formed from Lumberlanci, Dec, 17, j j County. Its southern boundary is formed by the Delaware River. It is named trom the character of its surface, which consists of high ridges between the Delaware and Mongaup j to 1,200 feet above tide. There are a great number of small lakes in the town, the principal of which are Washington and Wells ponds on the north line, Mud and Hagan ponds in the east, York pond m the south-west, Washington pond, used as a canal feeder, and Blind, Little and Montgomery ponds, near the center. The Delaware and Hudson Canal extends along the south border of the town, crossing the Delaware, and enters the town arnl^ county near the west line. The people ; are chiefly engaged in lumbering and the rudiments of farm-

Pbilhps ami James Browu, Coin-r.i»Pu>n<re ; Austin' W. Blackman, James C. Cannon , and John Hick.ln^>ecfore of Auction* ; Levi" Minckler. Collector ; Aaron VanBensehoU-n, i SaperihUr-Unt of IhdAic ; l.ovi Minckler, \Vm. F. Clavier., Charles Close am!

David Levally, ( ont tables ; Aaron Van Benechoten, Sealer of freight* end Measure* ; , a.ud Austin W. Blackman and James Brown, Overseers of the Peer.'

The population in 1870 was 958. During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained six school districts, and employed six teachers. The number of children of school age was 372 ; the number attending school, 321 ; the average attendance, 136; and the value of school houses and sites,

Barryyille, (p. v.) near the south-east corner, is situated on the north bank of the Delaware, and on the Delaware and Hudson Canal. It contains two hotels, two churches, (Bap- tist and Union, the latter being owned by the Congregational and Methodist Societies,) four stores, three blacksmith shops, one wagon shop, a drydock, for building and repairing canal boats, a grist mill, a stone quarry, a fine public school, forty- | seven dwellings and 259 inhabitants. The Delaware and Hud- : son Canal Co. have a superintendent's office and a blacksmith i shop located here. The village is connected with Shohola, Pa.,

! on the opposite side of the Delaware, and a station on the N.

: length, 10 feet in width and elevated 25 feet above the water, j The towers on which it rests are 45 feet in height. It was ] built through private enterprise by Chauncey Thomas of

| Half-way Brook (Cumberland p. o.) is a small hamlet, j situated near the center of the town, about four miles north of Barry ville. It contains two churches, (Congregational and

| Methodist) two stores, a blacksmith shop, a saw mill, a school j house, nine dwelling houses and forty-four inhabitants. The ! night, and is doing a good work.

The first settler was John Barnes, who located at Narrow I Falls. Among the other first settlers were John Carpenter,

j *This is the third bridge which has been erected at this point. The first one was built j bv an incorporated company, organized under an act to provide for the incorporation i o? bridge companies, passed April ii, 1848 . The company was known as the Barry- \ ville & Shohola Bridge Co., and was authorized by the Supervisors of Sullivan Co.

- Ik*c., 1SR4, It again went down in conseu nonce of the breaking of a cable, which is at- ! trihuted to the contraction of t* >- i u't.d < f w hich it was composed. The present etrnc- i ture was built in lbOO, ar a c» : of This was the first suspension bridge that

rpAuaed the Delaware. Hon. Jutn.-- k. c.arcner was President of the company until his ' ebath, when he was succeede-.ihy oieon B. Johnson, who remained as such until j Itxi5, when the effects were sold for debt and were purchased by the present owner, who I had claims against the company for fd.000. It is due to the energy of Mr. Thomas i that the bridge was first built, and has since been kept in order. When the bridge fell ; from the breaking of a cable, it carried with it three teams and six persona. But no I lives were lost ; nor was any one seriously injured.

Wm. Seeley, N. Patterson and Wm. Randall, at Beaver Brook, and Benj. Hayne, at Handsome Eddy. John Carpenter en- ployed Nathaniel Wheeler to teach the first school, before 'the public schools were organized. G. Ferguson kept the first inn, built the first saw mill, on Beaver Brook.

The First Congregational Church, located at Half-way Brook, was organized with fourteen members, in 1799, by Rev. Isaac i Sergeant, who was the first preacher in the town, and the first pastor of the Church. The first and present house of wor- ; cost of $1,200. The present estimated value of Church property present pastor is Rev. Felix Kyte, who has been its pastor more \ than 39 years. The Sunday School in connection with the j Church holds regular sessions throughout the year.

The Barryville Union Church, located at Barryville, was | organized with nine members, Sept. 17, 1835, and with Felix Kyte as its first pastor. He is also its present one. The first and present house of worship was erected in 1835, at a cost of ] will seat 150 persons, and has 30 members. The edifice is owned by the Con grega tionali sts and Methodists.

The Barryville end S ho kola Baptist Church , located at Barry- < ville, was organized in Feb., 1859, with eight members are!

! J. P, Statbird as- its first pastor. The first and present horn? of worship, which will seat 200 persons, was erected in Isvh at a cost of $2,200. The present value of Church property L

Within the limits of this town was fought the memorably battle of Minisink, during the -Revolution.* The withdrawal in February, 1779, of Count Pulaski's legion of cavalry.

I (which was stationed, during a part of the winter of 17 '77- *,

! at Minisink.) to join the army under Lincoln in South Caro- j lina, left this settlement wholly unprotected, which, beinr .perceived by Brant, the accomplished Mohawk warrior, de9-r- mined him to make a descent upon it. During the night el July 19. 1779. at the head of sixty Indians, and twenty-savey Tories disguised as savages, ho fell upon the little town, ana

viite. The bat - nr.d the ubj-icent region continue in the same wild ;*ia

l, ;uui t>v».r ; s i - - d v ed ravines where the Indians anil me

prey. T.'it: i ! .i>- s-> t ->' r-icuy tor cuir svatiou, and must ever remain a wiidernesje "

Losing'* Picc/fi-u Fg^l Rook of the Revolution, Yol. hpage 670. ..

The tittle took pi nee oa and Jm the vicinity of the farm now owned by Twicheli, near Yur* Fond.

| before the people were aroused from their slumbers he had ; fired several dwellings. Being without means for defense,

rhe inhabitants sought safety in flight to the mountains, leaving the enemy to plunder their village unopposed. Several persons were killed and others taken prisoners.* The \ booty was conveyed to Grassy Brook, oil thd Delaware, a few miles above the mouth of the Lackawaxen, where the \ Chief had left the main body of his warriors. When intelligence j of this invasion reached Goshen, Dr. Tusten, Colonel of the j local militia, issued orders to the officers of his regiment to : meet him at Minisink the next day, with as many volunteers j as they could muster. The call was promptly responded to, and I one hundred and forty-nine hardy men, comprising many of the principal gentlemen of the vicinity, were gathered around Tusten the following morning. A council was held, and it was determined to pursue the invaders. Colonel Tnsten, who well knew the warlike proficiency of Brant, opposed the measure, as a hazardous one with so small a force. He was overruled, and the debates of the council were cut short by Major Meeker, who mounted his horse, flourished his sword, and shouted, " Let the brave men follow me ; the cowards may stay behind !" These words produced the desired effect, and the line of march

j * James Swartwout, whoso father *a»d brothers were killed the blowing year, as j related, in our sketch of the County on page 76. narrowly escaped. lie was in a black- j smith shop with a negro, when ho discovered the Indians close at hand, and at once crept up the chimney in .the shop. The inula us entered the shop, taking from it such things as they fancied, and before* quitting It one of them went to the bellows and commenced blowing at a rate which p wived very uncomfortable to Swartwont. who was nearly strangled with the smoke and fumes of the burning charcoal, and had great difficulty in retaining his place in rue chimney. The Indian became weary of the sport, or was induced by the negro to go at something else, when Swartwout made his escape. A man named Holif Cuddeback was pursued some distance into the woods by an Indian, and. finding it impossible to outstrip hit pursuer, when nearly overtaken, be stopped suddenly and the Indian hurled A.tomahaw k at him, which missed its mark. Cnddeback at once grappled with the supple tjavage. and they had a furious battle with the weap- ons of nature. Both struggled for a Knife which was in the Indian's belt; bat which finally fell to the ground. Neither could safely stoop to pick it up, and so they contin- ued to struggle. Cuddeback whs the most athletic of the two: but the savage had besmeared his limbs ar.-d body with grease, so. that he could slip from Cuddeback1 3 hands whenever he laid hold of him. Cuddeback, however, gave the red skip such a buffeting that after aw hile he was glad to beat a retreat. It is said he never recovered from the rough handling he received from the -white man. Cuddeback escaped. - Quinlan's Tom Quick, pages lfi-Mi.

] One of those remarkable (remarkable because rare) incidents attesting Brant's mag- nanimity, (for he was known .at times to display this quality) occurred at this time. The Indiana visited the school house, and threatened to exterminate one generation of the settlement at a blow. They took the teacher, Jeremiah Van Aukeu, about half a mile from trie house and killed him. Some of the boys in the school were cleft with the tomahawk ; others fled to the woods for concealment from their bloody assailants ; j while the little girls stood by the elain body of their teacher bewildered and horror struck, not km: wing their - »vn fate, whether death or captivity. While they were i standing in this pklffii comhthm. Brant suddenly appeared, and, dashing soaie black p&iut across their aprons, t l bidd g them hold up too mark -when they saw an Indian | coming, -as it would save them, with a y*»!i lie- dashed into the woods and disappeared. When they saw the immunity this mark secured them from the rapacity of the savages, the thought was suggested that they could also make it subserve their brothers' safety. The scattered boys were quickly assembled and the mark impressed on their outer gar- ments, by putting the aprons in contact with them. Thus these children were saved front injury, to the unexpected joy of their parents. - Foyer's Orange County, p. 389,

was -immediately formed. They traveled seventeen miles, and then encamped for the night The next morning they were joined by a email force under Col. Hathorn of the Warwick militia, and he, being Tusten's senior officer, took command. They resumed the march at sunrise, and at Half-way Brook came upon the Indian encampment of the previous night. The smouldering watch-fires were still smoking and their number indicated a large force. The two colonels with the more pru- dent of the company, advocated, in council, a rets^rn, rather than further pursuit. Excited bravado again overcame pru- dence, and a large majority determined to pursue the Indians; the minority yielded, and the inarch was resumed. Gapt. Tyler, who was sent forward with a scouting party upon the Indian trail, was shot by an unseen foe. This produced a momentary alarm ; but the volunteers pressed eagerly onward, and at nine in the morning they hovered upon the high hills overlooking the Delaware near the month of the Lackawaxen. The enemy were in full view below, marching in the direction of a fording place. Hathorn determined to intercept them there, and dis- posed his men accordingly. The belligerents were bid from each other by the intervening hills. Brant had watched the movements of his pursuers, and comprehending Hathorn's design, he wheeled his column, and thridding a deep and narrow ravine which the whites had crossed, brought his whole force in their rear. Here he formed an ambuscade, and deliberately selected his battle ground. The volunteers, surprised and dis- appointed at not finding the enemy where they expected to, were marching back, when they discovered some of the Indians, one of whom, mounted on a horse stolen at Minisink, was shot by a militia-man. This was a signal for action and the firing soon became general. It was a long and bloody conflict. The Indians, being reinforced by those on the opposite side of the Delaware, were greatly superior in numbers, and a detachment of Hathorn's troops, consisting of one-third of the whole, became separated from the rest at the commencement of the engagement. The militia were gradually hemmed within the circumference of an acre of ground, upon a rocky hill that sloped on all sidt-s. As their ammunition was limited, Hathorn, in imitation of Putnam at Bunker Hill, ordered that none should be wasted by random firing.* The unequal contest, which commenced at seven o'clock in the morning, was main- tained through that long July day.f both parties keeping up an irregular tire iroin behind rocks and trees, as best they could. J

-Patiiiim's order was - " Don't £:«, boys, till you ece the whites of their eyes."

^Stone's Li fe of Brant, page 4 IS.

The militia were completely cut off from water, and suffered preatly during the day from thirst.* _ About sunset their i ammunition was exhausted, and a party of the enemy attacked and broke their hollow square at one corner.f The survivors : attempted to retreat by forcing a passage through the cordon of ; blood-thirsty savages, but many fell while making the effort, j ; When the retreat commenced, seventeen wounded men were receiving treatment from Dr. Tusten, behind a ledge of rocks, and the whole number, including the Doctor, were* slain. J j Among the slain were many of the first citizens of Goshen ; and . of the whole number that went forth, only thirty returned to tell the melancholy story. Several were shot while attempting to escape by swimming the Delaware.§

j "who escaped was so exhausted he could not ran far. He followed in | the direction his friends had taken, until he could go no further. He I then got out of the path, near which he remained some time. In a little while he saw the Indians one after another running in the direction the whites had gone. Hone of them looked towards the place where he was, until fmally a very powerful savage discovered him. The Indian's eye ; no sooner rested on him than the white man fired his last shot, and fled. The Indian did not follow', and it was supposed he was killed or badly wounded. The name of the white man, we believe, was Cuddeback."

Major Wood of Goshen, Orange Co., saved himself by means which Brant thought to be dishonorable. By accident or design he made a Masonic sign, which Brant, who was a Free- mason, perceived and heeded. Wood's life was spared, and as a prisoner he was treated kindly until Brant perceived that he was not a Mason. Then, with withering scorn, Brant looked upon Wood, believing that he had obtained the Masonic sign which he used, by deception. There is reason to believe, however, that Wood was innocent of any deception - that the act which Brant mistook for a Masonic sign was purely accidental - and that, when released, he hastened to become a member of the fraternity by whose instrumentality his life had been spared. j|

-Quinlan I Tom Quick, page 172.

t Loading's Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution, Vol. 1, p. 670,

X "This massacre of the wounded," says Lossing, 41 is one of the darkest stains upon fht! memory of Brant, whose honor and humanity were often more conspicuous than that of his Tory allies. He made a weak defense of his conduct by asserting that he offered the Americans good treatment if they would surrender ; that he warned them of the fierceness of the thirst for blood that actuated his warriors, and that he could not answer for their conduct after the first shot should be fired ; and that his humane propo- sition was answered by a bullet from an American musket, which pierced his belt." -

i I Logging's Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution, Vol. 1, p. 671; Quinlan's Tom the last named authority, in' a note, on the same page, we extract the following in- cident connected with Wood's captivity : ** On the evening after the battle, when the 'monster' { Brant] was about to tie him, [Wood] he remonstrated, said he was a gentle-

The bones of those slain in the battle of Minisink, which had been left forty-three years to bleach, upon the field of strife, j were collected by the citizens of Orange county, in 1822, and I buried beneath a monument, near the center of the green at ! the foot of the main street of the village of Goshen. But one j attempt had previously been made to perform this sacred rite, j and that by the widows of the slain, of whom there were thirty- j three in the Presbyterian congregation in Goshen. They set I out for the battle ground on horseback; but finding the inter- j veiling country too rough and broken for. them to proceed, j they hired a man to complete their mission, who proved 1111- ; faithful to the trust and never returned.* On that occasion j there was a great gathering of people, estimated at fifteen thou- j sand in number. The cadets from West Point were there, ; under the command of the late Gen. hforth, then a Major. j The corner-stone was laid by Gen. Hathorn, one of the survivors I of the battle, then eighty years of age. He accompanied the j act with a short and feeling address. A funeral oration was I pronounced by Iiev. James R. Wilson. f

tnan, and promised not to escape. He was not tied, blit laid between two Indians; i and told, that should he attempt to escape he should be tomahawked. The blanket on j which he lay took fire in the n ght, and he dared not move, lest the tomahawk might sink into his head, until the fin: reached his feet, when he kicked it out. It was Brant's j blanket. Brant treated him very harshly ever after; and when Major Wood asked him i

the reason, he replied, *D n you, you burnt my blanket.' "

Quinlan's Tom Quick, p. tt5. j

fTho oration may be found in Quinlan's Torn Quick, appendix A ; and in Eager's j Orange County, p. -M. -o'memenf stands upon three courses of brown freestone,

and a stone pavement a few feet syuaro, designed to be surrounded by an iron railing. ; In consequence of n* erect the railing, it has suffered much from the prevail- 1

ing spirit of vandsli-ru. its corii.-ra are broken, the inscriptions are mutilated, and the people of Gosh* n are n to feel many regrets for delay in suitably protect i'-.:; that in tores ting menu On the vast side of the pedestal is the following inscription:

" 'Erected by the inhabitant* of Orange County, 22d July, 1822. Sacred to the mem- j orr of their fellow-cinzec-s who fell at trie battle of Minisikk, 22d July, 1779,' "

" The following names of the aisln in that battle are inscribed on the other three sides;

" 'Benjamin Tastes, colonel ; Be railed Tyler, Samuel Jones, John Little, John I)un- i con. Benjamin Vail, captain* ; J«.hn Wood, lieutenant; Nathaniel Finch. [*] adjutant ; f Ephraim Mastic, Ephraim VlrMi ,'h, ensigns; Gabriel Wiener, Esq., Stephen Mead, j Mathias [t] Terwlliiger, Joshua Lockwood, Ephraim Fergerson ;

" 'Rogerft] Towr. >.-----?, Samur! Knapp, James Knapp, Benjamin Bennet, Wm. Barker. ' Jonathan Pierce. J a :.-»*-* Utue, Joseph Norris, Gilbert Vail, Abraham [**] Shepperd, Joel ? Decker, Nathan V,sde, Simon V* ait, TaUmad^o, Jacob Dunning.

South Side.

'"John Carpenter. David Barney, Jonathan Haskell, Abraham [tt] Williams, James t Mosher, Isaac Ward, Bailies N vt< is, Gamaliel Bailey, Moses Thomas, Eleazer Owena, j Adam Em bier. Sar.no-i Little. Ik-ujamin Dancing, Samuel [*21 Heed.' " - Lossing'g Pic -

The following notes r- f-r to didVrenc * in names inscribed on the monument, and indicate too a-.;i.»or:(s-s - united which ditter from the one yve have quoted.

Both Quinian and Eager Invert the name of Shepherd, as boing inscribed ou

the West Side; but it is omitted entirely, in Loaeiug'e quotation.

We' close our allusion to this subject with an extract from

* * * * " A sweet and peaceful rest Breathes o'er the scene, where once the sound i Of battle shook the gory ground.

" Long will the shuddering hunter tell How once red warriors rose.

And wakened with their battle-yell The forests' long repose.

How shrieked in vain babe, wife, and sire,

As hatchet, scalping-knife, and fire - Proclaimed their bloody foes ;

Until the boldest quailed to mark.

Wrapped round the woods, Night's mantle dark.

" At length the fisher furled his sail Within the sheltered creek,

The hunter trod hi3 forest trail The mustering band to seek ;

The settler cast his axe away And grasped liis rifle for the fray ;

All came revenge to wreak,

With the rude arms that chance supplied,- -

And die, or conquer, side by side.

Behind the footsteps of their foe They rushed, a gallant throng,

Burning with haste to strike a blow For each remembered wrong ;

Here on this field of hlinisink,

Fainting they sought the river's brink,

Where cool waves gushed along ;

No sound within the woods they heard,

But murmuring wind and warbling birch

" A scream ! - 'tis but the panther's ; naught Breaks the calm sunshine there ;

A thicket stirs I - a deer has sought From sight a closer lair ;

Again upon the grass they droop.

When burst close round, the well-known whoop,

Shrill, deafening on the air ;

And onward from their ambush deep,

Like wmlves the. savage warriors leap.

" In vain upsprung that gallant band And seized their weapons by,

Fought eve to eye, and hand to hand,

In vain the ride's deadly flash Scorched eagle plume and wampum sash ;

The hatchet hissed on high,

And down they fell in crimson heaps,

Like the ripe corn the sickle reaps.

" In vain they sought the covert dark ;

The knife gashed every head,

Each arrow' found unerring mark,

Till earth was piled with dead. "

LIBERTY was formed from Lumberland, March 13, 1807. Callicoon was taken off and a part of Thompson added lies north of the center of the County, upon the water- shed between Mongatip River and Beaver Kill. Its surface is rough and broken. Walnut Hill, south of Liberty Village, is one of the highest peaks in the Blue Mountain range, (as the j principal ranges of mountains which traverse this section of the \ County were, originally known, and from which the first settle- i ment in Liberty received its name,) and is the highest in the ' County. The town is watered by the Mongaup and its tribu- , taries in the south, and the Little Beaver Kill and its tribu- raries in the north. The former rise near the center, and flow southward; while the latter, also rising near the center, flow northward. The principal sheets of water are Lily Pond* in the north, Brodhead Pondf in the center, and Stevensville Pond in the south.

The soil is good, but stony. For agricultural purposes this town is one of the best in the County. x Dairying and stock raising form the chief pursuits of the farmers. Lumbering and tanning occupy the inhabitants to a good degree, but not to that extent they have heretofore done. The lumber and bark has been mostly cut off, the principal remaining tracts being in the west part of the town.

The town covers an area of 41,0721 acres, of which, accord- i improved, and 25,016 unimproved. This disproportion of im- proved land has been largely diminished however since then, as many new roads have been opened and large quantities of land brought under cultivation, or cleared preparatory thereto.

The population of the town in 1870, was, according to the

During the year ending Sept, 30, 1871, the town contained nineteen school districts, and employed twenty teachers. The number o t children of school age was 1,441 ; the number attending school, 287; the average attendance, 400 ; and the value of school houses and sites, $6,795.

The New \ork & O. Midland R. R. extends through the town, entering it near the south-east corner and leaving it near

d.- <i n :rt". as .1 is by forests. Over its margin in summer are spread

the green leaves a...; bl , soaia of the water lily, from which it derives us

tThis Pond, which cover* an area of About thirty acres, is situated on an elevated plane, about l,au>faft above tide, and about two miles north-west of Liberty Yiliag*.

At its outlet waa erected the itm mill In the town.

the north-west corner. The suramit of this road at Young's Gap is 1,831 £ feet above tide, and the grade from there to Liberty Falls is 65 feet to the mile.

Liberty Village, (Liberty p. o.,) situated on the Middle i Mongaup, and on the line of the New York & 0. Midland R. IL, south-east of the center of the town, was incorporated Sept. terian and Roman Catholic) The Liberty Normal Institute* a fine district school, four hotels, ten stores of various kinds, a flouring mill, a carriage manufactory and about 600 inhab- itants. A library was established in the village in 1829, with I thirty-three members.

The Liberty Fire Department was organized Nov. 19, 1870. It is composed of the " Watkins Engine Co,, No. 1 " and the recently been added, and a new company is soon to be formed under the name of the " Watkins Hose Co."

The Liberty Custom and Flouring Mill , of which R. T. Hum- phrey is proprietor, was erected in 1811, by Gotlieb Koeber. It is located in the south part of the village, on one of the branches of the Middle Mougaup. It has three runs of stones which capacitate it for grinding about three hundred bushels of grain per day.

A trestle is being constructed on the Midland R.R., just north of Liberty, on the lands of Jasper Harden!) u rgh, which will he about four hundred feet long and about seventy in

Liberty Falls, (p. v.) situated in the south-east part, on ' the Middle Mongaup, is a station on the N. Y. & O. Midland E, R.,j and contains one hotel, a school house, two stores, two groceries, one grist mill, one upper and one sole leather tan- nery, three saw mills, one wragon shop, a blacksmith shop, a shoe shop and about one hundred inhabitants.

The Liberty Falls Custom Mill , oi* which Ovid Horton is pro- prietor, has two runs of stones, and a capacity for grinding about two hundred bushels of grain per day. .

* The Liberty Norma l Ir.stituU, a boarding school for both sexes, was erected in 1S47-8, and incorporated by aa act of the Legislature, April 12, 184S. It is under the care of the Regents of the Unirersity. Hon. John I). Watkins, the founder and sole corporator, has been the sole Trustee since its incorporation. Milo P. Hall is the present Principal. Students are here prepared for co IFge. There aro now about eighty pupils in attend- ance, though about one hundred and tweuty can be accommodated, and live teachers are

John F. Stoddard, the author of Stoddard's System of Mathematics, was the first principal of this Institute.- While here he prepared and used the Ms. for his Intellect ual

tThe railroad, when completed, will cross the creek at this place on a bridge, 1,100 feet long and 100 high.

The. Liberty Falls Upper Leather Tannery , which was started I about 1847, by Isaac Horton, and is now owned by Henry Gurd, tans about 4,000 sides and 600 calf skins per year.

The Liberty Sole Leather Tannery, of which Wm. Gildersleeve i is proprietor, has a capacity for tanning about 12,000 sides per j annum, though but half that number are being tanned.

Paeksyille, (p. v.) situated on the Little Beaver Kill and on i contains, one church, (Baptist) one school, three stores, one hotel, a grist mill, a saw mill, a blacksmith shop, two shoe shops and 122 inhabitants.

The ParJcsville Custom and Flouring Mill , of which O. B. Bey- nolds is proprietor, was established about 1830, and contains ; two runs of stones which capacitate it for grinding 300 bush- of grain per day.*

Robertsonville , (p. v.) is situated near the head waters of the West Mongaup, five miles west of Liberty, and contains one church, (M. E.) one hotel, two stores, a blacksmith shop and 1 about sixty inhabitants. f

Bed Brick (p. o.) is a hamlet near the east line, three and one-half miles south-east of Liberty. The post office at this place was established in 1864.

Gle>i Cove, formerly known as Dowtonville, is a hamlet about one mile south-east of Liberty, and contains a dozen houses, a store and Geo. XL Decker's steam saw mill, which is

Steyeksville (p. v.) is situated on the line of Bethel, near the foot of the Pond by the same name, five and one-half » miles south of Liberty, an^l contains one church, (M. E.) a j school house, a hotel, two stores, one tannery, a blacksmith \ shop, wagon shop and from 100 to 125 inhabitants.

The north-west part of the town is but thinly settled and is j comparatively a wilderness, though it boasts of a small settle- \

-Since the above was -Written wo learn from The Liberty Register, of May 3, 187*2, that I). K. Culver ba* fro rented this mill.

tThe viU.-uro derives :* name from Bradley Robertson, who settled here in 1--09. }li- so?:, tin.. W . U t. r;r uHvrmft'if i ia hotel keeper and proprietor of ti - rv

mitt. 3! any of l * d - ::Avnts are scattered throughout the locality. At the b .'inning of the present century, a-: * o{ prey were to Xmmerons as to Vender It a profltaMa ; basinea* to hunt them to secure the liberal bounties offered for their destruction. In- 1 dividual s vs ere induced to devote their attention to this ns & vocation.

The first settler .in this locality was John Star, who came here about 1800. . |

« ment . which rejoices in the euphonious name of " Skeeters-

| The first settlement in the town was made by Eleazer Lara- ! bee from Ston.ington, Conn. He came here immediately from ! Neversink, to which place he moved, in 1790, from Falls- near Hasbrouck. At that time Capt. Broadhead was opening a road from Neversink to his 3,000 acre tract in the Blue Mountain country, as it was then called. " He offered to give Larabee a deed for a lot of one hundred acres on the Blue Mountain, and a lease of three other lots for twenty years free from rent, on the sole consideration that he settled on and im- proved the land." Larabee accepted this offer, sold his land on Thunder Hill, in Neversink, to Phineas Booth, and the same two he sold the lease of one of the lots of one hundred acres to John Vail for 8700, and another to a Quaker named Earl for a like amount. The price received for the leases was more than the fee simple was worth. Larabee, under the direction of and for Mr. Broadhead, erected the first saw mill in the I town, on the outlet of Broadhead Pond in 1797. It was built I of logs and hewn timber. After its completion he sawed logs for the first grist mill, which he also built the same year. The mill was tended by Hutee. It was burned and subse-

quently rebuilt by Mr. Broadhead. At the end of four or five years Larabee sold his remaining interest in this tract to Daniel S. Stewart, from Dockland, in 1798, and moved to Saratoga Co., and subsequently to the western part of the State. John Vail, the second settler, came from Deer Park, Orange Co. John Gorton, from Connecticut, came in 1795, having previously, in 1793, located with his cousins, Thomas and William Grant, in Fallsburgh. Nathaniel Pinnev and Josiah Whipple came from Preston, Conn., in the fall of 1795, i

* Our informant speaks of this section thus facetiously :

" The north-western portion of the town of Liberty is commonly known as Egypt, an appellati n, the origin of which is accounted for as follows Some thirty years ago, one Elias Hall, an 'early settler, had a barn raising, with the necessary accom- paniment, a * Boo.' As night came on the laborers ceased from their work and talked of betaking themselves to their respective homes ; but the voice of the majority was ia favor of sleeping where they were, as there was danger of straying - the night being pronounced to tie as "black as L ;ypt.' Those who officiated at the christening still stoutly maintained that 'sick a dark Light war never heerd tell on in these parts/ yet there are not wanting those who assert that there was nothing unusual touching the dark- ness of the night, but in? innate that there is reason for believing the alleged natural | phenomenon to have been augmented, if not Created, by the repeated attentions paid to n certain *toae j-u* which sign red prominently on the occasion. Be that as it may. this modern if gyp*. would upp-ar ;o he not entirely without its plague, a hollow in the upper part bearing the r.-d'mr suggestive title of ' Sheet ersburg.'

*- Indignation meetings have been held, with a change of name for their object, bat without succors. ' Pleasant Valley,' ' Dingle Daisy,' and other attractive cognomens have been urged in vain upon the natives, who, true to their first love, still cling tenaciously to their beloved * Skeetereburg.' "

and. settled on lot 12. A family by the name of Russell, also from Connecticut, came in the fall of the same year and settled near them. Nathan Stanton Sr. came from Preston, Conn., in 1796, and purchased a lot which had previously been ; partially cleared by Thomas Grant. Edward Swan, Isaiah j

Whipple, Ebenezer Gaer, Hulse and Elijah and Isaac j

Carrier came the same year; and Ebenezer Green about the ! and Frederick Benton, from Connecticut, located at Benton j Hollow, in 1796. Stephen bought eight hundred acres of the 1 Harden burgh Patent. Mrs. J alia Carrier,* daughter of Stephen ! Benton, now in her 80th year, is living about a mile north of I Liberty. She says that in 1804 there were but two houses in 1 the village of Liberty, one of which was occupied by Roswell ! and John Russell and Elijah Carrier; the other by Jason Fish, j who settled here in 1798. The three former built the first j mill at the village. Wm. Ayers came at the same time, and j Robert Maffit, a youth of twenty years, soon after. The latter was a great hunter and it is said that in 1860 he estimated the number of deer he had killed at at least one thousand, besides several elk and other wild beasts almost innumerable. Thomas Gravy, from Stonington, Conn., came here with his family in 1801, and located about one mile south of Liberty. j IHs son Calvert, who is 74 years old, is now living a little east j of the village of Liberty. Roswell Russell commenced a settle- , merit at Liberty Falls in 1 807,. and built a saw mill in that year. ; The next year he sold the property to Luther Buckley. Win. j Knight (now' residing at Youngsviile) came from Orange Co., : in 1808, and settled at Liberty Falls. He is now ninety years old. I Stephen A. Gregory moved with his family from Fairfield Co., j Conn., in 1809, and located about a mile west of Liberty ; Falls. His eldest son, Abel Gregory Sen., who is now residing ! on the same farm, was then nine years old. When eleven years old he commenced attending school during the winter in Conn., j proceeding there on foot, with satchel in hand, in the fall, and ; returning in the spring to work with his father. This he re- \ peated every year until he acquired an education which enabled him to impart to the youth of his own town the advantages he I labored so hard to attain. But little more was done in the ! vicinity of Liberty Falls until about 1825-6, when Isaac Horton, : who moved from i unaware Co,, in company with Luther Buck- lev, built the rr-i grist mill at that place. It was at one time

formation, perUiuin>j so the early history of this town. Many others in the town hate j laid us under eimllsr obligation. * j

The date of the first settlement of Parksville remains in un- certainty, but it is believed that Lemuel Martin and Eber.Hall located there in 1800. Crossman White, a deaf and dumb man, settled there at an early day. Shortly afterward the Park family located there and engaged in active business. " They built mills and made many improvements, entirely throwing Mr. Martin into the shade. The place was named by the peo- ple after the enterprising Messrs. Park, much to the chagrin of Mr. Martin, who expected it to be named after him as tlpe first

The first school was taught at the Blue Mountain Settle- ment, about 1797, by Aviar Whipple, daughter of Isaiah Whip- pie, " In a little shanty, roofed with bark, near the house since occupied by Amos Shaw." The fact that for many years Webster*5 s Speller was the only book used there, furnishes a striking illustration of the superiority of the advantages for acquiring an education "which the present residents of Liberty possess when contrasted with those possessed by the early set- tlers. in the town. As early as 1799, Liberty enjoyed the attentions of a physician. In that year Dr. Blake Wales com- menced the practice of medicine in Heversink and Liberty, and visited the Blue Mountain Settlement. At that time, the Dr. recollects, Liberty contained two log houses, one of which stood where the dwelling of Stephen Stanton was subsequently erected and where T. F. Bush now resides, the other where the Midland Hotel now stands. Isaac and Elijah Carrier and John and Roswell Russell carried on the carpentering business in com- pany, and erected most of the frame houses and barns of that period in the towrn. They also built a saw mill, and subse- quently a grist mill near the site of Robert Humphrey's mill. They afterward became prominent men in the town. The widow of Elijah Carrier, w*ho is 83 years old, is still living a little north of Liberty. Roswell Russell built and kept the first tavern in the town, in 1800. It was located in the village of Liberty, on the site of the residence of Timothy F. Bush. Luther Buckley kept the first store, or the place which first aspired to that title, in 1807, where the Midland Hotel now stands. The next year he procured a license and kept a tavern at the same place. This locality was long known as "Buckleys." "This town as well as all this region was," says James E. Quin- lan, u in those days the home of Panthers, Wolves, Bears and other wild animals. A volume might be written concerning the interesting exploits of the hardy hunters, whose delight it was to bring down the ferocious panther, a too neighborly bear or a noble buck. One of these intrepid hunters, and perhaps the- most successful Panther Slayer in the county, was Calvin Bush.

His first encounter with panthers was in 1814, when, in com- pany with a neighbor by the name of Hurley, [a panther was - hunted and killed.] The next day they killed four more. He and his faithful and courageous dog were sent for far and near ' -when a hunt was to come off." He used dressed panther skins . i for his clothes. In 1822, Caleb Buckley, son of Luther Buck- j ley, brought to " Buckleys " a much better stock of goods than had previously been brongh t to this section of the County, and within j a year or two thereafter a post office was established at his store. ] Previous to that time Monticello was the nearest post office. | Hot until 1828 did Liberty boast of a painted house. In that 1 year, Wm. Ratcliff,* who came from England and located here 1 in 1822, erected a house which he painted himself, there being ! no painters in his section of the country at that time. This ; was the first painted house in the village. It stood wffiere Mrs. Kilbourn now resides. Mr. Ratcliff has, since his advent into I town, followed uninterruptedly the tailoring business. He is the j father of Wm. M. Ratcliff, who was County Judge in 1862, which office he resigned to enter the army, where he was killed, as before stated, f

The first marriage in the town was contracted by David Row- land of Neversink, and Aviar Whipple, to whom wre have made previous allusion,]; The first birth was that of Sally Stanton, 1798, and resulted from scalds produced by falling into a pot of \ . porridge. Soon after a child of -Nathan Stanton's sickened and j died. The parents wished to give it a decent burial and, as j there were no hoards available with which to make a coffin, Mr. Stanton made one from his only sleigh box, and in it the infant was buried. "In 1799," says Quinlan, "the Stanton family were called to mourn the sad death of two other children (sons.) It was or. a pleasant day in August, when three of the i boys, (including A athan Jr.,) with their sister, went out to pick blackberries in a fallow on the Bine Mountain. The trees had been girded a few years earlier, and were in a decayed condition. While the children were engaged in picking berries several of these trees fell without any apparent cause and killed two of the boys and injured the sister. The dead bodies were extri- cated and in due time followed to their final resting place, in the original grave yard on the Blue Mountain, by the remain- der of the family and their sympathizing neighbors."

! bimpu'f. fee i* pt. .-;vo more accurate information respecting it. than a:.y .

other person in the »wi: To him we are indebted for much valuable informaiiou.

The first town meeting wns held at the house of Roswell

| The town of Liberty furnished 303 men for the army during | the war of the Rebellion, thirty-one of whom were either killed j in battle or died in the serviced

Rev. Wm. Randall, a Baptist, was the pioneer preacher in j this -town; but Rev. Alex. Morton, a Methodist, was the first ! one who visited it regularly. Neither of these, however, seem i to have awakened sufficient interest among the members of the ! denominations to which they belonged to induce the immediate organization of a church. The Presbyterians were the first to : organize and to erect a house of worship in which to mingle their devotions. Says Quinlan, speaking of Rev.. Mr. Morton, " It was bis custom to travel on horseback, sometimes guided by blazed trees and often having to ford streams with which he was not familiar and which were frequently swollen by melting snow.or heavy rains. . In this way he made his circuit, preaching to the people whenever he could get a gathering of a few people in a log house or barn." Whatever may have been the cause of delay in the organization of a church of the denomination he repre- sented, it seems clear that it cannot he charged to any lack of zeal on his part

| *At this meeting Eobt. Cochran was chosen President of Election, and Samuel Darbe,

I teller of votes. The following named persons were unanimously elected to office, viz:

! Daniel Martin, Town Clerk ; 'Tims, Cmiy. Sup-; -'>:>*#. ; Ebcnezer Carrier, Roswell Bab- | cock and Levi Kimball, Aws-w-s ; Samuel Darbe, Daniel S. Stewart and David Broad - j Lead, Commissioher^ Eobt. Cochran and Nathan Stanton, Overseers of the Poor / Ros- i Weil Ru&tjyll and Wm. Cochran. Cotwaties'; Boswell Russell, Collector: John Uortoa ; and John Woodward. Fence. Viewers; M .-nhen Benton , Pound Keeper ; Cornelias Coch- 1 rati. Pathmasterfor First .District : Nathan Stanton, Pathmosier for Second District ;

. J-aao Carrier, Pathmaeter for Third DUii ici f and Elizur Russell, Pathmosier for Fourth District ,

We make the following extracts from the by-laws voted at this and subsequent meet-

" Voted that from and after the 15 tb of May and until the Sth of Nov. no hogs shall bo allowed to run at large unless yoked with a two feet yoke and a ring in the nose. Also that fence viewers shall be paid at the rate of 37X cents per day."

At the meeting held April 5, ISOS, among other votes was the following:

" Voted that Earns' shall not run at large from the first day of September to the first day of November of the same year, upon forfeiture of lour Dollars for every each

in 1814 it was voted, " That the sum of five dollars extra be paid to any person being a resident of the town of Liberty for tire destruction of any wolf within the bounds of

In 1S17 the bounty on " W rive# and all winged fowls " was discontinued : but in 1S22 the bountv on Wolves wa* raised nnd a bounty ol fifty cents on foxes was also voted, i In lSSfi.il was voted, *' That horses, cattle, sheep or hogs shall not be permitted to run at I large within one-half mile of a tavern, from the first day of Nov. to the first day of j April," the object being to prevent interference with sleighs or their contents.

I iTho following is a list of the names of the thirty-one referred to : Wm. M. Rate, iff, lanCm A. Ki! dame fames i > icy, Kbcnezer C. Young, Walter B. Huntington, David - S. Lowis, Mj'L-.v r.in:-ou, Truman btmng, Joseph Beebe, Ernatus Beach", James H.

! Edwards, John B. Abraham Lert.y, Semsn I. Saikason. Get »rge Puff, Manley

Weltoa, Jacol bprii . . : ' yrua Dodge, Joseph H. Lord, Alfred R. Pearsons, Frederick

tv'Utherland, Martin Cole, Benjamin Soles, Charles Kent, Moses Robertson, I. Gilbert Young, iiozekish Garrett, Wm. il. Mead, Merril A, Chapman, Amos P. Akons and Albert Hector.

The First Presbyterian Church , located at Liberty Tillage, the first in the town, was organized with twelve members in 1810, by the Presbytery of Hudson. Rev. James Petrie, who was installed in 1840, was the first pastor of this Church. " There have been three church edifices erected by this congregation - stood about a quarter of a mile out of the present village. Tu 1871, the building, being greatly out of repair, was taken down and moved to a site in the center of the village."* The pre- sent church will seat 350 persons. : " The original cost of the church edifice was 81,300." f The present membership is one hundred, and Rev. J. Napier Husted, the pastor.

The Methodist Episcopal Church, at Liberty Village, was organized with twelve or fifteen members about 1814, by Peter P. Sanford, the first pastor ; but their church edifice was not erected until 1820. This house was replaced by the present one in 1846, which will seat four hundred persons, and was erected Loomis is the pastor. The value of Church property is

The First Baptist Church of Parhsville was organized with seven members, by Rev. Tims. Davis, the first pastor, in 1840, and their house of worship, which will seat three hundred per- sons, was erected the following year at a cost of $1,500. The present membership is ninety-five, and the pastor, Rev. Samuel ^Sampson. The Church property is valued at $2,000. \

The Methodist Episcopal Church at Steven sville, was organized with thirty members in 1853, in which year wTas erected their house of worship, which will seat two hundred persons, at a David M. Howell is the present one. There are forty-five mem- bers. The value of Church property is $2,500.

The Liberty Peoular Baptist Church at Liberty Village, was organized with about thirty-five members in 1859, by Revs. L. A. Francis, Newell Calender, A. M. Calkins and Henry Little. Their church edifice, which will seat four hundred 'persons, J. Douglass (the first pastor) and D. Van Fradenburgh have

of worship t rt- - -»*.» townj as the present value of Chnrch property is euiu-u it

$Tbt* first mere here were, Joseph Taylor, David II. Parks. Martha Park?. Win. F>sr. Reury Barton and wife and John Wilson, The first deacons were Joseph Taj lor i;d Win. Fisk. A t the organization a resolution was passed makiiur the .Lurch .-p o ali denominations when rot in use by their own society. This dwp'sy# » spirit of liberality which many churches, at the present day can well afford to Imitate.

been the only settled pastors in this Church. At present the pulpit is vacant. There are fifty-one members. The Church

The Methodist Episcopal Churchy at Robertson vi lie, was organ- ized with twenty members, Dec. 25, 1869. - Their house of worship, which will seat two hundred persons, was erected in first pastor was Rev. Wm. Hughson, the present one is Rev. David Powell. The value of Church property is $2,000.

The Saint Peter Church , (Roman Catholic) at Liberty Village, was organized with about sixty members in 1869, by Rev. Robt. Emet. Rev. Father Mugin was the first pastor. "The church edifice, which will seat four hundred persons, was completed value however is estimated at about $5,000, that difference hav- ing been made by gratuitous labor and other assistance. The present number of members is difficult to arrive at, but is thought to be about two hundred or more.

It UMBIJltLAJSri) was formed from Mamakating, March 16, 1798, and comprised all that part of the County lying wfest of the Mongaup and south of the town of Rockland. Liberty and Highland and Tusten, Dec. 17, 1853. The surface is rugged and broken, and much of it is yet a comparative wilderness. It is watered by several small streams, which are the outlets to the numerous ponds which dot its surface. Its eastern boundary is formed by the Mongaup, and its southern, by the Delaware. These rivers unite at the south-east corner of the town. > The principal Ponds are Lebanon, in the north; Round, Sand and Haggles, in the west; Long, near the center; and Metock, in the east. Round and Sand ponds are on the line of Highland and partially in that town. Metock Pond lies about two miles west of the Mongaup, and three hundred feet above it. On its outlet is a beautiful cascade, having a fall of about one hundred feet.

Formerly the name of the town 'indicated the occupation of the people ; but latterly their attention has been directed more generally to quarrying. Blue stone underlies -the w7hole southern portion of the town. Extensive quarries of this beautiful stone were opened in 1868, by Mills & Cash, from Ulster county. It is said to he harder and more durable than the Korth River stone. Another quarry was opened in 1869,. by Henry W. Decker. The next operatives, in 1870, were Decker, Kilgour A Co., who put the business into a stock company,

under the title of the X. Y. & Penn. Blue Stone Co. The ] company is now in successful operation. They lease of James j D. Decker about 8,000 acres of stone lands.* Since then I many new quarries have . been opened, and large quantities of j flagging stone have been quarried. This branch of business is rapidly increasing in importance.! But little lumbering is now done, and very little land, except in the north and central parts, is under cultivation.

The Delaware & Hudson Canal extends through the town along the south border.];

according to the census of that year, only '2,5171 acres were improved. Next to Taste n it has the least proportionate - number of acres of land under cultivation of any town in the

The population of the town in 1870, according to the census

During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, the town contained six school districts, and employed six teachers. The number of children of school age was 436 ; the number attending school, 358; the average attendance, 120; and the value of school houses and sites, $3,250.

Mongaup (p. o.) is located in the south-east corner, at the j junction of the Delaware and Mongaup rivers, and on the D. ] & H. Canal. It contains one store, a telegraph office, a school house, a boatyard, for building. and -repairing canal boats, ten dwellings and fifty-four inhabitants. The Mongaup flows through the village, so that it is partially in Orange county, the store, post office, telegraph office and one dwelling being on the east side of the river, in that county.

South Lebanon'., (p. o.) located south of the center, about three miles north oi the Delaware, contains one church, (M. EL) one store, one school and eight dwellings, which are scattered over a space of about one mile square. G-eo. Ii. McKenzie, Vice- President ami Manager of the Singer Sewing Machine Manu- facturing Co., has tm residence at this place. Mr. McKenzie has just completed a handsome residence, said to be one of the finest in the County, and is making elaborate improvements by widening and macadamizing the roads in its vicinity. He seems intent on makmg ibis locality equal in attractiveness those handsome villas on the Hudson. . j

-TM* Company quarries ia Forestburgb, on the line of the M. A P. J.

fc tKs» County doubtless amounted to over a million of dollars

J i It is that this Company pays more than two-thirds of the taxes of the town.

Postd Eddy (p. o.) is a canal village, near the center of the south border, and contains one church, (M. E.) one hotel, two stores, a telegraph office and eighteen dwellings.

Lebaxox, (Lebanon Lake, p. p.) located in the north part, at the outlet of Lebanon Lake, contains one church, (M. E.) one school and fifteen dwellings. The post office was established

Deckeks Dock is located on the canal and the Delaware, one- half mile east of Pond Eddy, and contains one hotel, a school, a dry-dock and boat-yard and eleven dwellings. James D. Decker, the Sheriff of this County, who resides here, built a fine wire suspension bridge across the Delaware, opposite his residence, connecting the place with Pond Eddy station, about one-fourth mile west, on the Pennsylvania side of the Delaware.

It is supposed that settlement was commenced before the Revolution, but we have been unable to learn any definite data on which to base an assertion to this effect. Among the early settlers since the Revolution were John Showers and Joshua Knight, at Mongaup ; S. Gardner and Elnathan Corey, at Pond Eddy; P. YanYauken, above Mongaup ; and John Rinck, Win. Ryarson and Adam White, in other parts of the town. The latter came here in 1819. He is now living in the town, (of which he is the oldest resident) is eighty-nine years of age, enjoys good health, and works regularly on his farm.

The first school was kept in a barn, by Earnham. The

first inn was kept by E. Corey, at Pond Eddy.

The Methodists seem to be the only religious denomination possessing sufficient vitality, or numerical strength to organize. There are four churches in the town, all of which belong to this

MAMA.IL ATI NO, named after the original name of Bashas Kill, - Mamacoitin - was erected into a precinct by the General Assembly, Dec. 17, 1743, and embraced Deer park and a part of Mount Hope in Orange county, and all of Sullivan county not embraced in the old town of Rochester.f It continued as a precinct until organized as a town, March 7, 1788. It was reduced to its present limits by the erection of Deerpark, (Orange Co.,) and Cumberland in 1798, Thompson highlands between Neversmk River and Shawangunk Kill. Two

*Wo nro nnsbie to give any statistics of the churches in thia town, owing to the fact that those ou whom we relied to furnish them have failed to do so. If they are receded la time they will appear in the Errata. tThe town records date back to 1771.

| parallel ricfges, separated by the Talley of Bashas Kill, extend | through the tovrn in a north-east and south-west direction.

I The eastern of these ridges is known as Shawangunk Moun- | tain. The declivities of this Mountain are gentle upon the east,

I but abrupt and broken on the West. It attains an elevation of 1,100 feet above the summit level of the canal, and about 1,700 feet above tide.* In the north-west part of this town is a mountain of nearly equal elevation, known as Panther Hill. The principal streams are Shawangunk, Bashas and Pine Kills, the last of which is the outlet of a small lake in the west part of the town, known as Yankee Pond. The summit level of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, j seventeen miles long and 525 feet above tide, is constructed through the valley of Bashas Kill. Masten Pond, in the west part, is used as a reservoir.

A vein of lead was discovered several years since about two miles- north of Wurtsboro, on the west side of the Shawan- gunk Mountain. Smelting works were erected and the first lead was smelted in 1837 or '38.t It is supposed that Indians

In the Poeme of Alfred B. Street, Vo!. 1, page 206, we find the following allusion to this mountain at sunset :

" A paradise of beauty Irj the light Poured by the si iking «ao, the mountain glows In this soft st* any evening. Dark and cool The shadow' of the opposite bids is spread O'er Maiaaenting, nwe where brightly stretch The edges of tin* go'detr mantle, wove In the rich loom- of sens-et, and thrown o'er

On still the shadow steals; the mountains foot Is blackened, hyt a g»ow of quivering tints Yet plays np« >r; its breast. Half light, half gloom.

Now shows lav slope. Up, op the shadow creeps Toward the ®tv<-p bn.*w ; the lustrous gloss peels off Before it, UU along the ragged top Smile? 3 rich rtripe of gold', that up still slides Until it dwindle* to a thread, and then,

As 'breath glides from a mirror, melts away.

The twilight deepens. Shadowy, vast and grim The B*oaniA2u mom*, while on the western hills The dark r;- *# gathers in one gloomy cloud;

O erh'-au the ?; its oat-trernhic, and the moon, co-ii ar:.-i mind. D filling rich with light ;

Are ibrttwn u;<»n the earth, till soft ami sweet The m<M>nhgut bathe® ail nature in its calm

dall. fhtbei : - ' ' ammitnlle. It brought down thirteen toas of coat

more, returned to Port o -*?%** avd put on nine Ions of the first load, xnakin-- twenty-two tone, and then competed toe trip. "Number Three" waa run by "Uncle Tommy Caldwell end " Number Pour \ by John Brodhead,

Col. iAwrcttc® Master, was tho first man who killed * deer with this lead.

, had previously used the lead.* But the cost of smelting was j go great'as to render the operation unprofitable, and the mine j ; was for a long time abandoned. The mine has recently (in , I 1872) been purchased by a company of English capitalists, | who propose to commence work therein the present summer. j In the Mamakating valley, at the foot of the mountain, are | several chalybeate springs. Petrified leaves, sticks, shells, &c., i are found in the lowlands, and at the top of the highest moun- ; tain. Timber has been found lying fifteen or sixteen feet below j the surface, which appeared to be in a tolerable state of preser- ! vation, but usually honey-combed.f Great quantities of leaves ! from various kinds of trees are found three and four feet below ! the surface. These facts seem to show conclusively that this ! valley has, at some probably remote period, been inundated,

| and the soil, to a considerable depth, formed from its deposi- j tion.J The soil of the general surface of the town is a sand I and gravel loam, in some places intermixed with clay, and is j best adapted to pasturage. A large body of land, comprising nearly two thousand acres, lying on both sides of Bashas Kill,

The pioneers of Mamakating knew* that the Indians obtained their lead not far from Wurtsbo rough. The natives always refused to show where it was to be found, and generally became angry whenever the mine w«* alluded to. Even the white men who were in. part or wholly domesticated with them, could not get any information from them in regard to it. At last a white hunter named Miller dogged them, at the risk of hia life, until he ascertained that they got the ore near a certain clump of hem- lock trees, which were the only ones of the kind within a considerable distance. He beard them at work ; but did not dare to go to the locality until a considerable time afterwards when he was sure the savages were not iu the vicinity. Miller intended to tell this toa. man named Daniel Giinsauiis. He told him the lead was on the mountain, near the hemlocks,, pointed them out from the valley, and promised to go with him to the mine after he had made a visit to his friends in Orange county. He w ent, but died at Montgomery during his visit there. Gunsanlis never attempted to profit by what j Miller had tol<5 him. "In 1813, however, he communicated what he knew cl the matter I to our venerable townsman. Daniel Niven, Esq., who, in 1817, hired a man named j Mudge to assist him in searching for the lead, and they succeeded in finding it. A j quantify of the ore was sent to Doctor Mitchell and others, chemists. Mr. Niven made a confidant of Moses Stanton, a resident of Wurts borough, who, as well as Madge, in- sisted upon charing the profits which were expected to be made from the discovery, . and the throe became partners. Not long after, those who had analyzed the ore en- deavored to purchase the mine .of Mr. Niven and his associates. But the discoverers found a difiicuity in the way of selling. The land did nof belong to them, and it was not known who did own it. They could neither buy the mine nor sell it. So the matter rested until 1838 - Mr. Niven and his partners mutually agreeing not to make any disclosure concerning thg matter, unless with the coimeut of all three. Their secret, however, was revealetfafier it had been faithfully kept for almost twenty years. Stanton had an awkward habit of talking while asleep, and one night, while his eyelids where closed, he spoke of the location of the mine so distinctly that his son, who was present, hail no difiicuity in finding it! Young Stanton was so fortunate as to ascertain who some of the owners of the land were, and he made some five hundred dollars by keening his ears open while his father was ' dreamiug aloud.' " - Quinlan's Tom Quick ,

tMr. Bennett, Town Clerk, cut out such a piece, about eight inches in diameter, which, upon being exposed, soon shrunk to about one-half that size. At the digging of a race way, by .Jacob Helm, at Wartsboro, some fifteen or twenty years since, a

after diggirc ibout lour f w, -v n: >r stump of similar size was discovered directly under it*."' L'his stump was *p.;ite sound, but'the action of the soil ami of the air, after elevation, made it impassible to decide certainly the nature of the wood, though it was supposed to he spruce.

$See extract from J. Y. Morrison's writings on page 63-4.

in this and Orange counties, is overflowed during the spring \ and fall freshets, and rendered worthless thereby during a large portion of the year. The inundation is due principally to the i deposits of the Pine Kill at its confluence with the former stream, which annually form a bar across it and obstruct the flow of the water. . During the freshets, this overflow, extend- j ing, as it often does, for miles above the junction of these streams, presents the appearance of a vast inland lake. Large - quantities of tan-bark, e:c., are deposited in various places, and large sand banks obstruct the stream. The land, properly drained, would equal in fertility the prairies of the west.

On the old ©evens farm, the one on which Manuel Gun Saline lived, and where the old Mamakating fort* was built, is a swamp, from which, previous to the construction of the canal through ; the town, flowed Bashas Kill to the south and Homowack Creek to the north ; but since the advent of the canal the waters of the swamp have been diverted to it.

south-east corner, and leaves it near the north-west corner. The Ellenville Branch of that road connects with it at Sum- mitville. The trunk line pierces the Shawangunk Mountain i nearly half way between the villages of Bloomingburgh and Wurtsboro, through the famous Shawangunk tunnel, which ' took a little over three years to construct. The tunnel is 3,857 : feet in length. Two working parties were engaged in its con- -. struction, one on each side of the mountain. The distance : from the east portal to the point where the working parties ! met is 2,398 Ret; and from the west portal to the same point, j 1,459 feet. The height of the mountain above the tunnel is degree circle; the remainder of the tunnel is a straight : line tangent. On the west side 850 feet of Siiawau- i gunk grit was pierced ; the remainder was Hudson shale. Small quantities of iron and copper pyrites were found > in the sandstone; and slight traces of coal in the slate. The j | curve is sullien-nt to v> revent one's seeing through the tunnel; f and yet v. hen the heading was pierced it is said that the two j approaches did not vary an inch from the calculations. When ; the two working parties met aud pierced the heading, a man i was placed at the opening and instructed to permit no one to pass. Soon after, tin: party who were first to pass through arrived; and a-, woo of all others, was most entitled to the

*P<.tcr in «.'i .'no :*-:) from Lister county, married the danghterof Manual ?

Oau&iilu*. *nd #. ttl-rd on f ;r m now owned by Maj. Lawrence Maeteo. at an early ;

day, and in ly-t< to SaC-i Ison*© arouud which this fort was constructed. A..«r |

GunSaLu*' death the farm was sold to Jacobus Devance.

honor of effecting the first passage through this gigantic mon- ument of enterprise and engineering skill, - the man who has ! spent his whole energies for the past five years for the con- > Snmmation of a Midland railroad and this tunnel - to whom, more than any other, it is due that the Shawangunk Mountain is pierced by a railroad tunnel - Henry R, Low - passed

through. After him followed in succession; E. P. Wheeler,

: Samuel Gumaer, C. S. Hasten, Benedict of the Ellenville Press,

and others of the party.* The first regular passenger train was Morrison has the drill that first pierced the heading of the Shawangunk tunnel. It is about eleven feet long and weighs thirty-two pounds. f

The town has an area, of 41,3141 acres, of which, according

, year ending Sept 30, 1871, the town contained twenty-two j school districts, and employed twenty teachers. The number of children of school age was 1,584; the number attending school, 1,252; the average attendance, 401; and the .value of school houses and sites, $8,877.

Bloomings tjbgh, J (p.v.) located on the Shawangunk Kill, was incorporated April 26, 1833. It contains three churches, (M. E., Reformed and Presbyterian,) four hotels, (one at the depot,) three wagon shops, three blacksmith shops, three stores, a tin*

*The first lady who rode through Use taimel, on the cars, Morrison of Wurtsboro.

the wife of James V.

tWe'are indebted to Mr. J. V. Morrison for many of the above facts in regard to this tunnel, and for the substance of the following story in connection with the drill in his possession. For some days before the headin'" Was pierced, the noise of drilling could be heard from the opposite sides, and considerable strife was manifested for the pos- session Of the drill which should first pass through. Among those who entered into this strife was Mr. Morrison, who formed a plan, the details of which -were quietly carried out by the operatives on the western end of the tunnei, something as follows: Late at night, about the middle of !>ept. 1871, the operatives in the west end, knowing by the sound produced by the drill on the other side that the perforation must soon be made, ceased operations' or made little headway with their own drill. In a little while the rock was started by the eastern drill, and one or two more blows sent it through fi ve or six inches. It "was ins tantly seized by the men on the west aide, who pulled it through a few more inches, and, by pnr'.ing a 'pickax beneath it, held it so firmly that the men on the east side conic not withdraw it, although they tried for a long time to do so. After they had ceased their efforts and left the work, the men on the west side pulled the drill through and buried it beneath three or four tons of rock; they then placed another drill on tW'floor of the tunnel, in front of the hole. The next morning when the eastern men came over the mountain for their drill, they were shown the drill lying da the floor, ss t-he one --- hi eh bad h» en pulled through. It was taken to a bluck- b shop, where :: Was cut in many pieces to fee sent to Albany and other places as « ica. In the meantime li which really pierced the heading was removed to Mr.

Morrison's res:d 1 v> : the next day was formally pr«».-ntecl to blm. lie intends to place it in t.tae Geological room* at Albany. It so<m ica Iced out that a joke had been perpetrated upon the the cart- vu men, andlhose having the matter in charge concluded to delay indefinitely the sending away of the pieces of drill.

JThis village was settled by J. Newkirk, previous to 177?. Wm. Ellis settled there in that year, and the old Newkirk tavern was there at that time.

roofing establishment and about three hundred inhabitants. A t \ the eastern extremity of the village is a small tannery, which annually consumes about 100 cords of bark, and manufactures 600 hides. The farms on the east side of the mountain, alone the mountain road, are of a superior description, presenting an \ appearance of prosperity among their tillers. The land here is ! well watered, and when, as in the past winter, hay and fodder of other kinds were scarce throughout most parts of the County, here there was a good sufficiency.

centrally located in the town, on the D. '& H. Canal, and about one mile west of the station of the same name, on the JST. Y. &

0. Midland R. It. It contains three churches, (M. E., Reformed ; and Roman Catholic.) a district school, employing two teachers, three hotels, eight stores, an upper-leather tannery, a grist mil!, j a saw milC two wagon shops, three blacksmith shops and about j 650 inhabitants. It is a delightful little Tillage ; and to one looking for a summer residence, it offers inducements of no j small value, since it is within easy distance of the finest j hunting districts in the country, the mountains of which are | full of game of all kinds, from bears down to squirrels, while the trout streams are almost innumerable. In the immediate vicinity there are eight private trout ponds. The scenery is very line; from the cupola of the Oicott House, the eye can range for ten or fifteen miles up and down the valley, until a turn in it seems to enclose him in a perfect basin. Up the valley can be seen the smelting works of Cotheals & Co., (not in operation now) with the entrance to the old mine just above in the mountain, side, while nearly opposite is the western end of the Sh awangunk tunnel, and the railroad stretching away on the mountain rid go, with its diminutive trains passing back and forth. At our ket B-ashas Kill winds through green fields, . glistening in the sun, and empties ten miles south into the Kcversink at € u ddeback v i lie.

-Before the D. A II. Csaai was bnflt it wag called "Rome," but after the completion of that work thro '.eh tt..«- pace. a wag named after Maurice Wurtz, the president of the l>. II. Car**., to. i :t« fu.i >wing extract from the act of incorporation describes ta»

boundary «*f the v,. : " 1 territory within the following limits shall constitute ?..#

village of ur;»Wr<< ; Be ;i tm ins in the center of the Middletown and Wurtsboro plan** road or. the * * he spring brook westerly from the west foot of Shaw&n / * \

u;-nl thirty. nine degt t west thirty nine chains to J ;

r 1 sad oue-fuurth square miles." Tho aniiual vtecu

of vb.t p oSc-m .» t.p i on th- U-rt Tuesd.iv of April. There is no fire department. - nor attj- firt* «ss*gi«t. No *eUou« dra has ever occurred here. Mails are received from and dt iivereo t*> the railroad twice a di»y, each way. There is no stage connection with ; other offices in the County.

The Wurtsboro Tannery , Charles Korn, prop,, for tanning upper leather and French calfskin, was established in 18G5. It wks a sole leather tannery until purchased by Mr. Korn, who changed it to its present character. He manufactures about 75.000 skins annually, though he has facilities for tanning 100,000. He tans on the European plan, making stock equal to the best French or German leather. He took the first ; premium at the American Institute in 1865, and the Diploma ! at the Paris Exposition in 1867. He has several patents of his own inventions, which he uses in his tannery; consisting of a < l ark mill, which grinds the bark equally as fine as it is ground p in European countries, where the leather made is noted for its p excellence; and a leach, which extracts all the strength from hi the bark, thus giving the leather superior qualities without : coloring it. He employs from forty to fifty men, and uses from ; by steam ; and the motive power is furnished by an eighteen feet overshot wheel, and a sixty horse power engine. The j- main building is one hundred and thirty feet long, fifty feet vide and two and one-half stories high, and is supplemented bv additional necessary buildings. Ten leaches and fifty tan vats, and three boilers - one a cylinder, thirty-six feet long, and two flue, one twenty-two and the other twenty-three feet long - j are employed.

p The Wurtsboro Feed and Flouring Mill, of James Graham, located in the west part of the village, on the Towixly Brook, bus two runs of stones, and has a capacity for grinding about

i The Wurtsboro Division , Xo. 324, Sons of Temperance , was j organized in April, 186S. Meetings are held Saturday nights.

1870, holds meetings Saturday nights, and has a membership

Summit ville (Mamakating p. o.) is situated four miles north of Wurtsboro, on the D. & H. Canal, and at the junction of the Elleuville Branch of theX. Y. & O. Midland R. R. with the main line. It contains a school house, no churches, a sole- leather tannery, a store and 120 inhabitants. A post office is ! soon to be established here. The railroad bridge over the ; canal at this place is 110 feet long, and is a fine work of art.

'Quite an extensive nitroglycerine manufactory was in operation at Wurtsboro curing the building of the Sha'.v&ngrmk tunnel, by Prof. Otto JBurstenbinder. who was the first to introduce it into thia country, and was the patentee of several improved processes of manufacturing it.

The Summitville Tannery * Kuykendall & Knapp, pro] an imally consumes 400 cords of oak and hemlock bark a . tans about 8,000 sides. The motive power is supplied br one of the oldest tanneries in the County.

Phillipsport, (p. v.) located in the north part, on the I). k H. Canal, about five and one-half miles north of Wurtsboro and six and one-half miles south of Ellenville, is a station on the N. Y. & O. Midland lb lb, also on the Ellenville Branch of that line. It contains one church, (M, E.) one school, one hotel, two stores, three groceries, three boat yards, one wagon ! and two blacksmith shops, three shoe shops, one millinery and j two dressmaking establishments, a eaw mill and about 400 inhabitants. It is noted for the locks located at this point ; ? they are ten in number, and, as they have an average height of twelve feet each, they raise the level of the canal some one j hundred and twenty feet. It is distant from Bondout, the ' i northern terminus of the canal, thirty-four miles. Boat ; building is extensively carried on here, for the canal trade.

Bubunghah (p. v.) is situated near the Shawangunk Kill, j in the north-east part, and contains one church, (M. E.) two stores, two wagon and two blacksmith shops, one hotel, a \ distillery, a shoe shop, a tannery, (containing fifty-two vats., using annually four hundred cords of bark, and tanning from two thousand to three thousand sides,) and from seventy-live to j one hundred inhabitants. There is also here, on the Shawaa- gunk Kill, a saw and grist mill.

Westbrqoktille, (p. v.) named after the Westbrook family, who have passed their lives here, is situated near the south bo - on the 1). & II. Canal, and contains one school, one hotel, on* j store, two stone yards, two blacksmith shops and about j seventy-live inhabitants.

The Wes thrrtok idle Upper Leather Tannery, located about one | mile west of \V estbrookville, on the Pine Kill, employs about j fifteen men and taii3 about 25,000 skins annually. The works are owned by Gideon Wales of Pike Pond.

The Westhrookville Lodge No. 07, /. O. G. T., instituted Nov. 16, .1871, has ovt r one hundred members. Meetings are he. a every Saturday night.

* Since the above was wriitea v,-« learn from the Republican Wiilchnvyi pi'

1S12, that this tannery was burned about one o'clock Saturday morning, 2,

Brown vilee is a hamlet on the D. & H. Canal, about three miles south of Wurtsboro. A little north of Brownville, on the line of the canal, is Graham's barren, where there is a dry

Winterton, (p. o.) near the south-east corner, is a station

Homowack (p. y.) (in Ulster Co.,) is situated near the north line of the town, on the D. & H. Canal, and is a station on the Ktlenville Branch of the N. Y. 0. Midland E. E. It contains one church, (Union) one school, three stores, one hardware store, two groceries, two wagon shops, three blacksmith shops, a har- ness shop, a lawT office, two hotels, a grist mill and 320 inhab-

The Homowaclc Lodge I. 0. O, T. was instituted Feb. 16, 1S72, with eighty charter members.

Two or three mile3 west of Westbrookville are some very valuable blue flagstone and building stone quarries, from which large quantities of stone are shipped via the I). & H. Canal from this village. The excellence of the blue stone quar- ried here is attracting to it considerable attention. Large quantities are being used for ballast on vessels going to Europe, where it commands a ready sale. Some of the flagging stone from Westbrookville has found its way to Italy, and a number of stones from the quarries in this town now grace the city of Eome in that Kingdom. About a mile west of this village is a sole leather .tannery and a saw mill. James Gunner's merchant custom mill located on Gumaer Brook,* about one and one-half miles north of Wurtsboro, has three runs of stones, and a capacity for grinding 150 bushels of grain daily. About three miles south, of Bloomingburgh, on the Shawangunk Kill, is a grist mill, with an excellent and never- failing w ater power, doing quite an extensive business. For the for grain from the west, the freight on which exceeded $6,000.f

The early settlement of this town has already been noticed on page 75, but most of the details have been lost with the

-The first grist mid in this town was built by Manuel GooSallns Jr. It stood near where -James Guniaer's uow stiuui^ Its litnuiieioa* wort ibout sixteen by eighteen feet. The fcoU.waa turned b'y hand, l ucre w an an Ulterior road leading to it from Bloomingburgh, which crossed the nv '".main imar the present gate bouse, running through the woods northerly to the sine it lug works, thence to the mill. It waa known by me Dutch set- tler* as the Yankee road.

iTbe only car-load of Timothy seed ever sent to Middletown Btation was consigned to the proprietor of this mill, James Norbnry.

early town records.* But prior to this we find that this loca ! was made the vantage ground in the war-like exploits betw* . the early Dutch settlers nearer the Hudson and the ho-'.. Indians. Hear the village of Blooiningburgh occurred a 1 . ; between the forces under Oapt. Martin Kregier, stationed Fort Wydwyck (now Kingston) for the protection of the s : tiers in the vicinity against the incursions of the Indians, an : the Esopus Indians, which is thus described in the "Journal of

The earliest book of town records we conld find, begins as follows :

" MSrM.O UA^'DUM of. the Town Meeting held the first Tuesday in April at the H< . r of Jacob Hutson Dewitt for the electing of Town Officers by the Majority of W.t * with their Respective names, Being the 5th of Said Instant Anno Domini 1774.

of the

of the

Thomas Kyle.

1 Jacob Stanton. iHaromanns Vanin Wagon f Abraham Cuddeback Jan.

YBenj'm Cuddeback Jan. for the 1st Dist.

Torek V. K. Westbrook i Jacobus Bovins (Robert Cook | Ezekiel Travis J Abraham Smodis

! Philip Swartwood t Robert Cook

l Benj. Be pay ) Jacob Stanton ) Coll. Whceiier I Abraham CTsddebabck l Coll. Wheeler f Benj. Depuy "

At a town meeting held April 7, 177S, it was " agreed npon by the Majority of V.w > that Hogs have liberty to Ru a in the Cowmens at all seasons with a Lawful y ok' 1

cept froth the 3 5 th of June to the 4th August- in which time Special Care is

tak'-n. by every owner of Hogs or else they shall be liable to pay all damages - with y --* excepted." The following is recorded relative to stray cattle ; "One heifer nye ::: - ' white the mark is a suit in ear. One Brindled steer- the marks happanys the under - of both ear. One Brown Steer mark© a hafe Crown the Left Ear. One Jtine : steer inarke the Left Ear silt the turner side of Ear & Happny in And the* w- Advertise the 23 Day of November 1779." Following this, in a different band-wr 1 - - is written : "The above designed to informe of a Stray. Said Stray is now forte 4 " - acknowledged by a Ovrrmr April 4th 17S0." A little. further on is- the following t " - Trne copy of the Letter sent by B. Cuddeback to Squire Depay. ' Sir A? CVr some of money has been expended and is already expending on a certain naio'-*- and decriped child. Troublesome to and Charge on this Precinct - to the antcv.r.r Thirty l\»::t;ds current Lawful money of this State. These* are to will and d* - = ' to lay the AV.:e before the board of supervisors, desiring them to grant A la: the raising said ram tor defraying the expenses already Incurred and for the Du: -

meets a!)u con: ingeat to said charge. ' #

Jan ISthlTSS. Yours A: Ilon'l Board -

most humble servt.

Some of the car marks used by the early settlers are very amusing. The first recorded reads as follow* : " John Seybokl Jun. a siicio each year." Again; " f Bought on and his Mother Eunice Osborne ear marks is a crop off Right ear ' -

. of th . ir M< - i» of - h abiiLUit of this Precinct. Valentine Wheelers Ear -

Ear. 1772." The !ft-f nears the earliest date of any entry we found tu t-

Several hundred ear marks are recorded during the following years.

schools for that year. At that time, it will be remembered, the town embraced u -*- ' ** portion of what is how Sullivan County.

the Second Esopua war," in 1663, kept by Capt. Kregier, in

"3d September. About one o'clock in the afternoon we started from Fort Wfldicyck*, having of my company two and twenty men ; of Lieu- tenant Stilwil's company, four and twenty men, and seven freemen, with two of the Hon'ble Company's Negroes. We took as guide the young Wappinger Indian, and Christoff el Davids as Indian interpreter, and prom- ised the Indian his freedom with a cloth coat, on condition that he brought us truly to the Esopus Indians. W e got eight horses with very great difficulty from the farmers, as they were so very unwilling and could not be brought to give us any horses, except Thomas Chambers, who, without any solicitation, presented me with two for the expedition. Several of die others, who could not give any, used much offensive language to the

< the Sheriff and the Company's officers, saying - 'They will have horses ; they may see if they can get them.' Marched that afternoon about three miles from our fort to the creek which runs past the Kedout ; lay there that night, diming which wo had great rain.

"4th ditto. Found such high water and swift current in the Kill, that j it was impossible to ford it ; sent six men immediately on horseback to ; our Fort Wildwyck to fetch rope and axes to make a raft or some other 1 convenience to cross the creek ; they returned to us about ten o'clock ;

I brought three axes and rope. Passed the rope over the stream in order to bold fast to it. so that the people may not be swept far down the creek. Crossed over with all the men about two o'clock in the afternoon and ; marched about four miles further on, where w e bivouacked during the

' " 5th ditto. Set out again at day break, and about noon came to their

: first maize field where we discovered two Squaws and a Dutch woman ; ; who had come that morning from their new fort to get corn. But as the j j creek lay between us and the cornfield, though we would fain have the : women, it was-- impossible to ford the stream without being seen and then discovered. We therefore, adopted the resolution to avoid the cornfield and the road, and turned in through the woods so as not to be seen, j Arrived about two o'clock in the afternoon within sight of their fort,

< which we discovered situate on a lofty plain. Divided our force in tw'o | - Lieutenant Couwenhoven and I led the right wing, and Lieutenant , Stilwil and Ensign Niessen the left wing. Proceeded in this disposition ; along the hill s(T as not to be seen and in order to come right under the

fort* but as it was somewhat level on the left side of the fort and the soldiers were seen by a squaw, who was piling wood there and who sent forth a terrible scream which was heard by the Indians who were standing i and working near the fort, we instantly fell upon them. The Indians ' rushed forthwith through the fort toward their houses, which stood about 1 a stone's throw from the fort, in order to secure their arms, and thus : hastily picked up a few guns and bows and arrows, but we were so 1 hot at their heels that they were forced to leave many of them behind.

1 We kept up a sharp lire on them and pursued them so closely that they I leaped into the creek which run in front of the lower part of their maize land. On reaching the opposite side of the Kill, they courageously j returned our fire, which we sent back, so that we were obliged to send a | party across to dislodge them. In this attack the Indians lost their Chief,

| named Papequaieiehen, fourteen other warriors, four women and three j children, whom we saw lying both on this and on the other side of the | creek, but probably many more were wounded, when rushing from the i fort to the houses, when we did give them a brave charge. On our side

three were killed and six wounded and we have recovered three and twenty Christian prisoners out of their hands. We have also tak , thirteen of them prisoners, both men and women, besides an old man w . ; accompanied us about half an hour but would not go farther. We took him aside and gave him his last meal. A' Captive Indian child died ; ;i the way, so that there remained eleven of them still our prisoners. The \ enemy" being conquered, we reviewed our men; found we had ( -.- wounded more than we had horses. Convened the Council of War ; sub- \ mitted to them what was now best for us to do relative to cutting down the maize. The Council of war decided that we could indeed cut it dow n, but were any more of our men Wounded, how could they be removed in v- 1 ingalready one more than we had horses, and this one must be borne. \vih great trouble, on a litter by two. Resolved to let the maize stand for re- present ; plundered the houses wherein was considerable booty, such &.-> bear skins, deer skins, notaxten, blankets, elk hides, besides several other ! smaller articles, many of which we were obliged to leave behind that we could not bring along with us, for we could well fill a sloop. We destroy.-! as much as we could ; broke the kettles into pieces ; got also twenty-four or five guns, more than half of which we smashed and threw the barrels here and there in the stream, hacking and breaking in pieces as many as jvc \ could. Found, also, several horns and bags of powder, in all about twenty pounds ; got also thirty one belts and some strings of wampum ; took the best of the booty along and resolved to set off. Placed the wounded on the horses and had one carried in a blanket on poles by two soldiers in j turns. Set out. thus in good order on our return and marched that day ;

full two miles from the fort. Tho fort was a perfect square with one row

of palisades set ail round being about fifteen feet above, and three feet : underground. They had already completed two angles of stout paiisadt j all of them almost as thick as a man's body, having two rows of portholes, one above the other ; and they were busy at the third angle. Tin 5 angles were com 'due ted so solid and strong as not to be excelled by Christians. * * * Thy Christian prisoners informed us that they were removed every night into the woods, each night to a different place, thr n fear of the Dutch, and brought back in the morning ; but on the day before we attacked them, » Mohawk visited them, who slept with .them during the night. When they would convey the Christian captives again j into the woods, .the Mohawk said to the Esopus Indians - What! M i you carry the Christian prisoners every night into the woods ? {To which f they answered - -yes. W hereupon the Mohawk said, Let them remain at ; liberty here for you live so far in the woods . that the Dutch will not come hither, for they emmot come so far without being discovered before tie y reach you. W in re tore they kept the prisoners by. them that night, 1 - Mohawk departed in the morning for the Manessings and left anew blanket and two pieces of cloth which fell to us also a3 booty ; and we came just that day and fell on them so that a portion of them is enti'1 annihilated. ^ here fore praise and thanks be given to God Almighty. 1 ?

course 1U a fil out tio iih fckiuth Wt st to the Indians new fort which is di-urn.: about 12 ruin s. * 1 he way is somewhat stoney and hilly, but the road Ar ; the greater part is good." "

During the 1 r> nch and Indian war the early settlers suffered much ln>m in<.- predatory incursions of the Indians, who were

easily induced u ' espouse the cause of the French against the Du,;* . lish, upon whom they looked as the spoilers of their, favorite nurd

- "This Use tears to Abo at Bioomttigburgh, * * * in the viclnitj of wricb , yili&ge it Is ptestuneU the above battle w fought."

in g grounds, and the responsible party for the unjust exactions of the frontiersmen. During this period Michael Helm, a resident of Wavy arsing, who, in company with a woman, had been on a visit to Minisink, stopped on his return at a tavern kept by Jacobus GunSallus (son of Manuel ;) while waiting, his presence was discovered by the Indians, who resolved to waylay him when he resumed his journey. Not knowing which direc- tion he would take, they headed him off both ways. When he continued his journey, he was fired upon by the concealed Indians and fell dead, while his companion, the woman, escaped uninjured. Mr. G unSallus,, who went in the opposite direction, about the same time, was killed by the savages in ambush there.

Many incident's of a similar nature occurred at this period. Among them we are informed of one relative to Jacobus Devance and - - - - VanCamp. Devance was thou living on the farm on which GunSallus had died, and around which the oldMam- akating fort was built; and VanCamp, who was a batch elor, lived a part of the time with him. They went in company to catch the horses which were in the pasture, east of the house, toward the mountain, and, while crossing the meadow, dis- coverd two deer. Devance returned to the house for his gun, leaving VanCamp to look after the horses. Some Indians, who had been secretly watching their movements, now sprung upon VanCamp and took him a prisoner to Niagara, where they kept him five years, after which he returned. It is prob- able that Devance, in going for the gun, saved Ms life, for, being a committee-man,, a reward of $700 was offered for bis

At the time VanCamp was taken prisoner, a little girl by the name of GunSallus was also captured. She remained with the Indians until she had nearly arrived at womanhood. She became greatly attached to her captors, thoroughly imbued with their customs, and loved the wilderness far better than the homes of civilization. After she had passed many years in captivity, her friends learned her whereabouts and with diffi- culty persuaded her to return home. The Indians too, although willing to gratify the desires of her friends, loved her dearly and were loth to part with one they hoped to make the future bride of a warrior. In after years, she was often seen rambling in the woods, musing over the past, and sinking the wild songs of the Indians. She finally became reconciled to the home of her friends.

We are indebted to Mr. Luther Pel ton of Thompson for the substance of the following incident:

At the time of the French war there lived in the town of Mamakating, near where the village of Bnxiingham now stands,

two brothers named Coleman, who, with their families, consist- ing of their wives and five children, occupied one log house. One Sabbath afternoon, just after harvest, one of the brother,-:, : while absent looking for the horses, was shot and scalped by th* Indians, who then proceeded to the house and shot the other brother, who was sick on his bed, by firing between the logs of the building where the chinking had fallen out. The Indiana then entered the building, dragged their victim to the door, and scalped him, and, having fired the house, they started directly west, over the Shawangunk Mountain, with the rest cf the families as captives. One of the women had recently been con ; fined and, being unable to walk, she was put astride an old j horse and her feet tied under its belly with a rope. Her child, \ about a week old, was given her, but the Indians, fearing its i cries would reveal their whereabouts, soon took it from her and dashed out its brains against a tree. On coming to a stream of j water the horse on which she rode was first driven through to ascertain its depth. But the news of the outrage spread rapidly, j and by early dawn on the following morning a posse of white men were ready and started in pursuit, and toward night of j the same day were close upon the heels of the Indians, who, finding that they were likely to be overtaken, with their cap- j fives, made a short turn into the thicket. The pursuers passed j so near that their voices were distinctly heard and recognized. Had the captives given an alarm at this time they might in all j probability have been, saved ; but so great was their fear of their captors that they allowed their friends and the auspicious j moment to pass. After their pu rsuers were fairly out of liearin g. ; Airs. Coleman was for the first time taken from the horse, and - i here they encamped for the night. On Tuesday morning they resumed their journey. Up to this time none of the party had j eaten anything, the Indians fearing to fire a gun, but on that j morning they shot a deer. They traveled very slowly, and on Wednesday night reached their camp somewhere west of the Delaware Elver. Here, with other Indians, they built a fire, and j having stripped the children naked, whipped them round it and j inflicted oilier cruelties.. Airs. Coleman, being worn out with fatigue and unable to endure the sight of her children's suffer- j ings, which she was .powerless to relieve, crept unobserved into j the forest to die ; but seeing a light at a distance she was induced \ to make bet way tnither. The beacon light shone from a wig- wam in which an odd squaw lived alone. This squaw had lived among the white people, spoke English and was somewhat j civilized. She was called by the Indians Peter Nell. To her Airs. Coleman told the story of her sufferings. The squaw received her kindly, made a bed of leaves and skins, and told tier

to rest, assuring her that the Indians should not harm her. She also made her some soup after the manner of the white I people. Mrs. Coleman remained here for some time, and when expedient, Peter Nell, assisted her to return to her friends in Orange county, to whom she related the foregoing account. The fate of the others remains a mystery.

On the approach of the Revolution the Indians again became | hostile, and several block houses were erected on the frontiers | of Ulster county, one of which was at Wurtsboro. On account of the distress occasioned by the hostility of the Indians, the | people were favored by the Supervisors in the apportionment of I taxes. Many persons in those days accounted wealthy were re- : duced to poverty, and but little that could be destroyed remained on the return of peace. In 1792 this town contained one : hundred and eighty-two taxable persons, of whom thirty-four ; were in the present towns of Lumberland, Tusten and High- land.* Prom the town records we extract the following :

"Memorandum of Black Slaves Born free, agreeable to an act of the Legislature of the State of New York, Passed April 8th 1801.

| "Town of Mamakating - David Millikcn, Yeoman, Master a female | Child Born September twenty second lsQl Named Dean.

| "Johanas Hasten Yeoman Master A male Negro Servant Child Born j April 11th 180*3 Named Tom his Mother's Name Fillis. i "William Anderson Yeoman Master A. Female Servant Child Born : July 5th 1803 Named Ormonde her Mother's Name Suke.'T

i We extract from, the town records the following in regard to | the King's Highway, which passes through this town :

! " To the Clerk of the peace or his Deputy in the county of Ulster. Sir,

I Whereas the freeholders and Inhabitants of Mamakating Precinct have j made Petition to us the commissioners of the above Precinct to lay out a I King's Highway to begin bv the line between Ulster and Orange County | by a Whiteoak tree from thence to the Ciim. Yough house [f] up dabargh or Little hunting house on the hill and according to their Desire or request we have Done which as follows. Beginning on the south east of a White oak tree standing on the Lino of Ulster and Orange county, from thence with a straight Line to a stone set in the ground about thirty feet from the north corner of J is cob Gumuers House lrom thence all along the southeast side of the marked trees to a stone set in the ground about thirty feet from the north corner of Daniel Van Yleats House from thence all along the south east side of the marked trees with creek down the valley to In- tervail the breadth of four rods, from thence all along the south east side of the marked trees to the line of Jacob Rulson Dewitt & so through the

-The following U l copy of 01 am in my receipts given by the Treasurer of

Ulster Co., which then enorao >.l jvol.ivan Co., for t.\x monies:

"Received in Kington lf»th D-.er iVet of Henry Putnam one of the Collector?, of M imacoting, by the bauds of Albert Koossa, Ten pounds seven shillings anti five pence, on the County Tax of the current year. E. Wai. Eimendorf, Co. TreaB."

tPive other records of the kind appear on the books.

Yager Ilonse on Sauthior's map of 1TI0.

lane to the Monchoeamacks Creek the bredth of twenty feet, from them e through the Creek to a black oak stump and so along the south east s:>h of the marked trees to the well of Jacob Stanton, from thence on a straight line to a tall Pitch pine tree marked on both sides, the bredth of twenty feet from thence along the south east side of the marked trees, with crooks and turns as the road now runs to the north corner of Johan - naus Turners house the breadth of four rods, from thence to a pitch pin< tree and so along the south east side of the marked trees to the sou th corner of Terrick VanKuron Westbrook's Kitchen, from thence to a butternut stump just over bashas creek the breadth of four rods wide, from all along the south east side of the marked trees to the Clirn Yaugh house, on the hill to a hickory tree marked with a cross, the breadth of four rods, We the Commissioners of the above Precinct in the county of Ulster and Province of New York Do certify thg.t we have Laid out the above said road for a Kings highway according to Law this twenty fourth Day of May one thousand seven hundred and sixty six and desire the said Clark of the Peace in said county or his Deputy to record the same which we do interchangeably set. our hands -

A true copy by me I Benjamin Depuy

Samuel King, Jr. Town Clerk.1'

Samuel GunSailu:

The village of Wurtsboro is built upon a tract of 1,000 acres bought by Johannes Hasten, who cleared the land ana erected a saw mill. Westbrook ville (formerly " Bashskusville") was settled about the same time, by Tjerick Westbrook, by whom the first house was built, of stone, and used as a fort to shelter tli© settlers. The house is still standing. f Mr. Felton was a pioneer near Burliagham, and J. Newkirk at Bloomingburgh, where the first school was kept in 1734, by Mr. Campbell. "Win. Harlow kept the first inn, two miles north of Bloomingburgh ; \| m. Wighton opened the first store one mile south of the same place; and Joshua Campbell J built the first (grist) mill, on the Shawangunk Kill, within this town. The first white child born was William Harlow ; and the first death was that of A. Simpson. § in 1 176 there were carpenters, blacksmiths, basket makers and shingle makers, who earner from the east up the North Fiver, some to Neversink, some to Kingston, and thence

Nathan li'.Bb

rn-tf at an early day. by Ananias Sucker, from Mamakating wost- mile south of Lords Pond, and continuing '

1* which place Cant. Dorrauce made a road to Cocheetoa .or

£.1 per mlie. T-. - road opened a communication from the Hollow to the Delaware Illvor. a distanc" of ''.--out thirty-three miles. A portion of it is still in nee, but l--c greater part wag t* sen up by the Newburgh & Cochecton Turnpike. - tCh's. K. v. it. hi* history of Vfinisink, says that the Westbrook family l:*ed

not x - - . mention mado of an earlier settler thau Tjerick

§In 1776 there existed in the town a few Indian settlements - one about a mho at i tJloominghtjruh, ruled over by a chief called Tot-a-paugh ; another about

aboat four iaile* south of \Y urtsboro. - Statement qf Cornelia* Wood of *

to Peeiipack and Minisink, and along the east side of the Sbawangunk Mountain.* David Smi th, from Smith town, L. I., settled on the east side of the Sbawangunk Mountain, near New Vernon (Orange Co.) His son, Daniel C., who was raised from | a youth in the town, was a soldier during the Revolution. Soon j after the close of the war he moved into the Mamakating Val- j ley, and settled about four miles south of W urtsboro, on the farm | now owned by Hector C. Smith. -Johannes Masten, (grand- father of Major Masten) came into the town after the Revolu- tion and bought seven hundred acres of land around the present- village of Wurtsboro. From the writings of J. Y. Morrison we glean the following facts relative to the early settlement of the

"Joseph Ogden took two divisions from the county line to the north line of the property [since] owned by Stephen Caldwell Jr. It was sold to Elias Devance and John Caldwell, the father of Charity Eckert, Ogden was a lumberman owning a sawmill on the Sand-bar creek. The custom in those days was to cut as much timber west and east as they wished, j Joseph's [Ogden] wife was a Bloomer, the sister of John Budd's wife, also j of John Bloomer, the pioneer preacher. William Caldwell, known as - 1 Uncle Billy," owned the next tract south. His sons were John, Thomas and 4 Old Uncle Stephen.' Their tract run up to No. 5, at or near the

District school house. The next property was owned by ,

1 who sold it to the Budcl family. Elijah Budd, who settled on lot No. 4,

! bought the possessions of Conrad Bush, of a thousand acres. He came ! to Fish kill, Dutchess Co., with his sons John and Peter. Peter had nine sons. The law required a man to be the owner of $250 worth of real estate to entitle him to vote, and Pi* ter gave to each of his sons [sufficient] to insure them the ridil of franchise. The next purchase was in lot No. i 3, by John and Philip Tice, sons of Joseph II. Tice, who died on ship* ! board on the way over from Germany. They purchased 250 acres of Dr. Hammersly of New York, [which comprised the north part of the milage of Phillipsport.] The next property, known as the ' Old Grist 31111 ', was quite celebrated. It was the only grist mill for many miles up and down the valley. [It] was built by Cook <fc Griffin. It was afterwards owned by Bloomer, the pioneer preacher, [and successively] by John Hill and Abram Topping, and finally it belongs to the D. & ll. Canal Co., who use the dam for a reservoir. Ezra 1 1 ill, son of John Hill, after his return as a soldier in 1832, sold out lot 2 in parcels to Philip, Gabriel and David Tice. The property where the M. E. church, [f] school house and parsonage now stand was a part of the Ilill property. 5

Samuel GunSallus, who lived iu an old log house, on the Kingston road, between Wurtsboro and Phillipsport, where Samuel Norris' house now stands, was very intimate with the Indians, with whom he spent most of his early life. He became very much attached to their customs, so much so as to prefer living with them. The Indians, it seems, were no less attached to him, and he became a great favorite among them.

-Written statement of Henry Newkirk.

tThis church ww built in the early days of Methodism, by Horace Weston, ono of the pioneer preachers of the taliey.

On more than one occasion during the active hostilities of the Indians, did this spirit of amity which subsisted between him and them prove of service to him and others of the early settlers, many of whose lives he saved through his knowledge of the mystic force connected with the Algonquin word for friend, "my tap" which was imparted to him. -He is the subject of many humorous anecdotes which are still current among the inhabitants.* But he who "stood by the dying bed of the old chieftain, who heard him chant his death song, and helped the old warriors to bury him by the foot of an aged pine that stood at the brow of western hills, near the old block house in Mamakating, has gone to the spirit land, and his bones rest in the quiet of the silent grave, with scarce a single stone to perpetuate his memory."

" The grand resort of the early hunters," says J. Y. Morrison, "was the cabin at the Yaw House Spring, on what are now the lands of George H. Olcott, at Wurtsboro. The original sur- veys of the Hardenburgh and Minisink Patents made this spring one of their fixed monuments, and amid all the con- tested suits about the titles acquired under the different Patents, this point has never been disputed. * * * A short

distance north of it stood the old Mamakating block house. A little to the east is the field where Van Camp was captured, [see page 181] * * * and [nearer] the mountain is [according

to tradition] where Brunt and his warriors marched to the invasion of '.finis! n k." In 1791, Capt. David Dorrance removed from Windham, Conn., and purchased one thousand acres im- mediately south of the site of Wurtsboro. John Dorrance, with Eli Perry, also from Conn., erected the first bark mill in this County.

The noble response which Mamakating made to the exigency of the late war, proves that her heroes and patriots have not passed away with the emergency of earlier times. Company E, of the 143 Ilegt. A. \ . Yols. was principally raised in this town

-It is told of h.im that h* was one night banting elk on Hasten Pond, and hapbe-m nnsocctMM' al. In tne trs,. ruing the old man was greeted with " Uncle Sam," hallo' * - from the l'on.1. and ira:u--,\:nw'y followed by a chorus of " Uncle Sams " in ail toueo of the ci.r »-: lie. Looking in the direction of the noise he saw a largo

deu ; covet 1 with bullfrogs,'1 nod feeling chagrined at his non-success of t- - pr«*v:.<«s night, irdigmint at the familiarity implied by the- salutation, re tort ----L croaked in chorus, at. ! lh« ci i man, unable longer to withstand the taunting greet raised h s gun and fired a: rs - them. Another story is told of him. and though it c

diets ty::b v,, for and attachment to the Indians, wc give l

related to us. v. the family were at breakfast, the cry of r 1 - --

titnated his ".it., n of ] - in the sport, assuring his eons that there wtr<\i dUfereftt breads of wild turkeys about Just then, and that they might hare a -' shoot that morning tr.ev w, re not looking for. The result of the day's sport w - the party su eedin i in * bagging" five Indians, and thus proving the corrects* - t the old man's suspicion*.

and was the only full company raised in the town. Many | others enlisted in other companies and regiments.*

The Reformed Church of Mamakating , located at Wurtsboro, was organized by Rev. Mr. Freleigh, as early as 1793, for j it appears that the first house of worship was erected that j year, and that Freleigh was the first pastor.f The exact date : of its organization is not known. This is reputed to be the j oldest church edifice in the County, and Freleigh is supposed to have been the first pastor in the County. The old house I was sold to the Catholic Society, and the present one was 1 erected in 1815. It will seat four hundred persons. It has fifty members. The present pastor is Rev. Edward G. Acker- man. The present value of Church property is from C'8,000 to $10,000. The first Deacons were Willhelmus Kuykendall, Lawrence Tierce and Peter Crance.

The Union Churchy located at Bloomingburgh, was organized about 1800, and the first house of worship was erected about

*The following is a list of the names of those who enlisted and were credited to this town, who were killed, or who died while in service, as copied from the records made by the Town Clerk. There may be. and probably are, others whose names should be added to this list. For further particulars in regard to this regiment, see page 93.

Isaac J. Bennett of Sammirville, private Co. E, 143 Regt. H. Y. Vole., killed at the battle of Bentonville, N. C.

James U. Kniffin of Wurtsboro, private 143 Regt. N.Y. Vois., died at Nashville, Tenn.,

reter Lewis Waterbary of Winterton, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Yols., who was mor- tally wounded at the battle of Peach Tree Creek, Oa., July 20, 1864, and died July 24,

Silas B, Decker of Wnrteboro, corporal 143 Regt. N. Y. Vote., killed at the battle of

George II o ward of Wurtsboro, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vote., died at Lookout Valley,

Levi Leonard of Wurtsboro, died while at home on sick furlough, Feb. 11, 1864.

Joseph W. Naline of Westbrookyilie, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Falls

John M. Plait of WestbrookviHe, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vola., died at Nashville, in

John Richards of Brownville, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Yorktown, Va.,

Win. J. St. John of Wurtsboro, private 1-13 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Lookout Valley.

Benj.A. Skinner of Wurtsboro, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Bridgeville,

Jacob Sarim of Wurtsboro, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., wounded at Atlanta, Oa.,

Thomas James Shaw of Bioomingbargh, private 148 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Mur-

Wrn. Travisse of PhiHipsport, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., killed at the battle of

James H. Thompson of Summitville, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at Fort

Andrew Jackson 'Whitman of Summitville, private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vols., died at

Matthew Young of Uomowack, (Ulster Co.,) private 143 Regt. N. Y. Vote., com-

v c. Bu r r * i ghs St el of V* urteboro, privs te Co. M, 15th Artillery, wounded at

Rhoades Skinner of Mid-Letova. (Orange Co.) private Co. C, First Mounted Rifles,

George Godfrey of Burliugham, Co. E, 124 Infantry, died in the service.

tFrench's State Gazetteer, page 646.

the same time. The present house, which will seat five The present value of Church property is $G,000. Its first

pastor was Kerr ; but at present the pulpit is vacant. It

has about forty members; though between the years 1813 and T9, when this was the only church in the locality, it had about three hundred and fifty. Many of the old members now belong to the M. E. and Eeformed Societies.

The New Vernon (Primitive Baptist) Church , located near Kew Vernon, but in this town, was organized in 1814, at which time the first house of worship was erected. The present house was built in 1854. It will seat five hundred persons. The pastor is Gilbert Beebe.

The Reformed Church , located at Bloomingburgh, was organ- ized Feb. 2, 1S20, by Peter Weller, Lawrence Tears, Solomon Brink and Moses Jordan, with twenty-six members, and G. DuBois as its first pastor. The first and present house of worship, which will seat six hundred persons, was erected the following year, at a cost of 85,000. The present value of Church property is 88,000. It, II. Beattie is the pastor. It has one hundred and thirty-one members.

The Bloomingburgh M. E. Church , located at Bloomingburgh, was organized with twelve members, in 1825, by Kev. John Kennedy, who was its first pastor. The first and present house one hundred and seventy-five persons. The value of Church property is 83,000. It has eighty-five members; and Ezra B. Pierce is the pastor.

The M. E. Church , located at Burlingham, was organized in 1830, and its first and present church edifice, which will seat The first pastor was J ohn W. Lefevre ; the present one is Ezra B. Pierce. The present value of Church property is $4,000. The number of members could not be ascertained.

The M. E. Church of Wurtsboro , at which place it is located, was organized in 1S11, by Rev. Horace Weston, who was a zeal- ous worker in his chosen field of labor. The number of mem- bers at its organization is believed to have been about twenty. The pulpit was first supplied by David Poor and Samuel Law, who traveled a large circuit. The first and present house of worship* which will scat one hundred and seventy-five persons, was erected in 1832-3, under the ministration of Rev. - - Mekar- lan, at an estimated cost of $1,000, which is the present value of Church property. An effort is being made to build a new

\ bouse. It lias eighty-three members. Rev. Milo Couchman is > the pastor. This Church is an offshoot from the Brownville

The Si. Joseph's (Roman Catholic) Church , located at Wurfcs- boro, "was organized about 1847, by Rev. Mr. Anderson, who was I the first pastor. At that time there were about fifteen families j connected with it; npw there are about fifty. The congrega- I lion are ministered to by Rev. Daniel Mugan of Ellenville. | Their church edifice was bought from the Ref. Prot. Dutch | Church, by whom it was built in 1793, and is reputed to be the I oldest church edifice in the County. It will seat three hundred | persons. The present value of Church property is 84,000.

The New Vernon Old School Baptist Church , located at Hew ! Vernon, was organized March 2, 1785, with sixteeen members, j under the pastorate of Elder Eleazer West. The first house of i worship was erected in 1800 ; the present one, which will seat value of Church property is about $3,000. The present mem- bership is eighty ; and the present pastor. Elder Gilbert Beebe. Elder Benjamin Montauye succeeded Elder West in thepastor- j ate May 15, 1794, and continued as pastor until his death, | Dec. 25, 1825. He was succeeded by Elder Beebe, the present | incumbent, May I, 1826. The line between this and Orange ! counties runs through the neighborhood of Hew Vernon, hut the church stands in this County.

The M.E. Church , located near Walker Valley, was organized with ten members, and - Curtis as its first pastor, in 1860, and erected the first and present house of worship, which will seat two hundred persons, the same year, at a cost of $500. The Church property is valued at $1,000. There are twenty mem- bers, and Ezra B. Pierce is pastor.

The Union Church of Homowack was organized in 1847, by Ira Perris, the first pastor, with twenty-five members. Their house of worship was erected in 1843; it will seat about two hundred. The present membership is 32 ; the present pastor, Rev. Miller Couchman ; and the value of Church property,

JNJE YJSRSTNK* was formed from Rochester, (Ulster town is elevated, and the surface is very much broken and to a

For origin and definition of name, seepage G2.

+The original act shows that tho town of Xerersink covered a portion of wliat la now Fallsburgh, Liberty, Caiiicoou and Fremont.

considerable extent covered with forests. The principal eleva- tions are Denman Kill and Thunder Hill,* the former Having an altitude of about 2,000 feet above tide, and the latter a little more. It is watered by the Neversink and its branches ; Rea- dout Creek, which flows to the Hudson, and Chestnut and Lackawack creeks, tributary to it pAVillowemoc Creek; R- d Brook, and several small streams tributary to these. It is a fact worthy of note that this town is the only one in the Conn tv- in which there is neither lake nor pond. The soil is generally a gravelly loam and is best adapted to pasturage. The people are chiefly engaged in lumbering, tanning and dairying, though the two former branches of industry are' receiving less atten- j tion than formerly in consequence of the gradual exhaustion ; of the supply of bark. The town was early settled by tenants, . i who have since purchased the fee simple.

according to the census of that year, 17,993 were improved and ;

During the year ending Sept. 30, 1871, it contained twenty school districts, in which nineteen teachers were employed. The number of children of school age was 1,035; the num- ber attending school, 842; the average attendance, 381 ; and the value of school houses and sites, $5,343.

Grahams ville, t (p. v.) situated in the east part, south of the ' | center, on Chestnut Creek, contains two churches, (Friends and i ! Reformed) four stores, two blacksmith shops, three hotels, two * shoe shops, two grist mills, one carriage shop, one harness shop, ; two tanneries, a jewelry store, a photograph gallery, a cabinet shop, an undertaking establishment, fifty dwellings and about ;

John Reynolds' Tannery, located here, employs on an average I about ten hands, consumes annually 1,000 cords of bark, and tans 10,000 sides of slaughter leather.

Carrey's Tannery , also located here, was built in 1868, by the present owners, Messrs. A. H. & G-. F. Currey. It annually : consumes 75 cords of bark, and tans 3,000 sides of leather.

Neversink. Flats, (Neversink p. o.) situated near the ; south-west corner, on the Neversink, contains one church, \

one blacksmith shop and about a half dozen dwellings.

*Thi« MH race Tfcd it* name from the fact that one of the early settlers was frlght^Bcd at tills# place by load, tkuaiier. - French 't Stale Gazetteer, p. 647.

tNurued la honor of Lieut Graham, who was killed ia a skirmish with the Indians ; Hear the silo of the Tillage. See page 7'>-7.

] Clarytille, (p. v.) located near the north line, a little west \ of the center, and on the Ne vers ink, contains one church, j three stores, one tannery, two saw mills, two shoe shops, a grist j mill, forty dwellings and about ICO inhabitants. The tannery at this place was built about 1848, by Cook, Bushnell & Rey- nolds, and is now owned by Snyder & Bushnell. - It employs about fifty men, annually consumes about 3,000 cords of bark, and tans about 30,000 sides of leather.

Eureka (p. o.) is located in the east part, on Chestnut Creek, about three miles east of Grakamsville.

Willowemoc (p. o.) is situated on the creek of the same name, on the line of Rockland.

Unionyllle is a hamlet located near Grahamsville, of which it is sometimes considered a part.

Low's Corners is a hamlet near the north-east corner, at the junction of the Rondout and Lackawack creeks. There is a Baptist Church located near here.

Dewittsyille is a hamlet on the north line, in Denning, Ulster Co.

Hog Rock, situated near the north line, is named from a large shelving rock, which, at an early day, afforded shelter for the swine which were allowed to run at large to bitten on the beechnuts which were very plentiful in this

Settlements were commenced on the Lackawack by families named Horn beck, Cline, Clearwater, and Lowe, who obtained an Indian title in 1743, and were driven off during the Revo- lutionary war. Settlements were re-commenced subsequent to the war, by Eleazer Larabee on Thunder Hill, in 1790. He came here from Fallsburgh, but was originally from Connec- ticut, and moved to Liberty in 1794. He was soon followed by Benjamin Gillett, John Hall and Wm. Parks, who settled on the 1,000 acre lot. Hall came from Litchfield, Conn., and soon moved with his wife and child to " Hutton Hill." His daughter, Sally Hall, was the first female child born in the town. He was the father of twenty-two children, eight of whom are now living. At this time the nearest mill was at Wa warsing, and to that place, distant nearly twenty miles, he often carried a grist on his back. Wm. Parks also came from Litchfield, Conn. His son, Elijah Parks, was the first child born in the town.

-Stephen Curry came to this town with his wife and two small children from Peckskill, N. Y., in the -spring of 1795. The country was then infested with wild animals, which caused the early settlers much trouble and necessitated the herding of

sheep. A few bears still remain. Mr. Curry was born at Tar- I years of age when he settled in the wilds of Sullivan Countv. ? His father was of Scotch descent, and his mother, English, { Although he was baptized and nurtured in the faith of the i Episcopal Church, of which his mother was a member, when he arrived at maturity he inclined to the Quaker persuasion, ;| and though he is not known to have united with that order, ? his intercourse through' life was characterized by the principles j and practices peculiar to it. He lived to see his fifth generation, ; j and many of h is descen dan ta are now residents of this town. II e \ lived to the advanced age of one hundred and one years and . j nearly seven months, and died at Grahamsville, Jan. 9, 18?2. j Prior to his death he was the oldest resident of the County.

Nathaniel Akerly and Robert Aldrich, the latter from New- , j burgh, came about 1790. Akerly settled on the farm now !j owned by Wm. II. Countryman, and Aldrich on the one now j owned by Evert VanAken, which then belonged to a landlord j named Hunter. In 3856, this farm was occupied by Ira j Porter, who was dispossessed. Wm. Gorton, from near Bengali, 1 Dutchess Co., came in Dec. 1798, and, with his wife and four j children, (William, Wonton, Lucy and Betsy,) located on the j farm now owned by Michael Denman. John Hall Jr. moved ! from near Newburgh the same year, and located on the farm j now owned by James Dice. His son, Peter C. Hall, still occu- \ pies a part of the farm. He was a soldier during the .Rev.oJtn 1 j liition, and the father of ten children, most of whom are now \ living. Wm. A. Moore moved with his wife and eight children, : j (Benjamin, Comfort, Phebe, Andrew, Mary Ann, Elizabeth, j Wm. W. and Seaman, four of whom are now living in the j town, viz., Seaman and Andrew, and Phebe Porter and Elisa- beth Brundage,) from the town of Washington, Dutchess Co., and settled on the harm which John Benson notv owns. Seaman occupies a portion of the farm originally settled by his father. About 1807, - - Harden burgh was in possession of a tract of land in the vicinity of Neversink Flats, which he leased to poor people whom he distressed and treated harshly. His tenants became incensed and determined to put a stop to the petty . tyranny to which he subjected them, by terminating his earthly j career. He was shot dead bv a man concealed behind a ; tree. The place where. he was shot is in the town of Fallsburglv. : Richard D. Childs came here in 1818, from Thompson, in which town beheld the olilccs of Constable, Deputy-Sheriff and j Collector. In 1832 he located at Grahamsville, where ho > engaged in trad© and acted as agent for 40,000 acres of land belonging to Chancellor Livingston. About twenty \vars «

since he gave up business to his children, and now lives an easy, retired life, is quite healthy and vigorous, and, though he is eighty years old, daily walks to the store, a distance of half a mile. He has been Town Clerk, Supervisor and Sheriff. Obediah Childs also became a resident of this town, but subse- quently moved to Ulster County, where he died a few years ago. John G. Childs, who, while a resident of Monticello, filled the offices of Deputy-Sheriff and Sheriff, practiced law at , Grahamsville. He recently moved to Napanoch, JJlster Co.

Henry Reynolds, from Westchester county, was among the | early' settlers on Mutton Hill. The prevalence of the primo- genature law previous to the Revolution deprived him of a fair share of his father's estate. This circumstance induced him to become a merchant's clerk. About 1769 be com- menced business at Peekskill for himself, and about the same time married a Miss Fowler of Throgg's Neck, In early life he imbibed the principles of the Quakers, but did not adhere to tlieir practices so rigidly as to become weaned from an active participation in the trying scenes of the Revolution. So warmly indeed did he espouse the cause of the Colonies that when the British invaded Peekskill in 1777, his store was plundered and buildings burned. He then moved, with his wife and five children, to Smith Clove, Orange Co., and en- gaged in farming. While here he belonged to a band of ! patriots known as minute men. His comparative retirement i did not lessen his interest in the struggles of the patriot army,

I for we find him with the gallant band, which, under Anthony Wayne, stormed Stony Point, on the Hudson, July 16, 1779. His undisguised sympathies made him obnoxious to the adherents of the British Government, and his life was several times threatened and its destruction (physical) more than once | attempted by a band of Tories, under the leadership of Claudius Smith,* whose business it was to secretly plunder the less noted Whigs and surreptitiously dispose of the more prominent and influential ones. So bold and formidable did this band become that Gov. Clinton was induced to offer a reward for the apprehension of Smith. He was captured by a j party of Whigs under the, leadership of Maj. John Brush, j who pursued him to Long Island, within the enemy's lines, | whither he fled for safety on learning in what manner Clinton's j proclamation concerned him. He was conveyed to Goshen, ! victed on three indictments for burglary and robbery, and on j the 2'2d of the same month, he, and several of his accomplices, j

*A fuller account of Smith and the depredations of hia bami of miscreants will be ,

expiated' their crimes on the gallows. Smith was succeeded in the leadership b)r his three sons, fWm., Richard and James.,) who, says Eager, were as atrocious as himself. This band wai j not extirpated until 1782, in which year the people of Monrue, assisted by some troops belonging to Washington's army, who J were encamped about four miles from Smith Clove, put an end ; 1 to their depredations.

At the first attempt to injure Mr. Reynolds, members of the j Tory band tried to effect an entrance into his house by descend- ; ing the chimney, the doors and windows having been securely ' fastened; but this was frustrated by one of the family who >. emptied a featherbed upon the fire and compelled the intruders to retreat or risk suffocation. They7 chose the former alternative. ; The second attempt, made in July of the same year, was successful. Benjamin Kelley, Philip Rohlin and several others I j of Smith's band gained admittance into his house at night j by pretending to be a detachment from Washington's army in search of deserters. While he was about to procure a light h with' which to welcome his supposed friends, one of them j struck him from behind, damned him and told him to make ; haste. This act revealed to him the character of his visitors and he tried to escape through the door and on the piazza, but \ he stumbled and fell over something which lay there and was \ caught and dragged back into the house. Having secured Reynolds, whom they wounded in several places with their 1 knives and swords, they hung him in the presence of his family, \ on the trammel pole of his lire place. Phebe, his eldest child, j j who lacked one month of being twelve years of age, violently ! opposed them, but was rudely pushed aside. When the ; intruders, supposing their victim to be writhing in the agonies | of death, dispersed in search of plunder, she cut him down, got ; him on abed and endeavored to resuscitate him. The wretches discovered her ebons and again suspended him as before, in * doing which, however, they were again persistently opposed bv j the heroic girl, who, finding herself overpowered, threw herscif upon the Wly of her father, and clasping her limbs tightly around him, thus attempted to shield him at the risk of her ; own life, from the blows of her brutal assailants, one of whom, when neither threats nor entreaties could induce her to relax her hold, cruelly lashed her with a rope. Even this proved ineffectual, and it became necessary to tear her away by main force. BcdicViiig the noble girl was too much disabled to. again attempt a rescue, or that their victim was past help, they ay v.n went in search of plunder. Phebe cut him down a second tune, but he was too weak to be led to another room. When t :my were again discovered she threw herself upon the prostrate bouy ;

of her father, at whom the marauders flew, and cut and slashed him with their knives until they believed him to be dead. In her effort to protect her father in this assault, Phebe was wounded in her head and breast. They destroyed Reynolds' private papers, robbed him of everything they could carry away, and him they threw into an old chest, the lid of which was closed over him,. They rolled a large stone against the door, which opened outwardly, and threatened to shoot the first one who raised the door latch. Then, having set fire to the house in several places, they left, doubtless expecting the whole family would be consumed and all traces of their crime obliterated. Phebe, with such aid as her mother, (who was a delicate woman, i and then pregnant, and was rendered almost powerless by the j shock which these inhuman scenes produced,) and a lad, who j was living with them, could render, extricated her father, whom | they found stiff and rigid, from his painful prison, and applied | such restoratives as were at hand. It was necessary to pry j open his mouth with a chisel so as to administer nourishment.

! She was soon obliged to relinquish this office to extinguish the I flames which her mother discovered in three places, but which she was too feeble to put out. Phebe seems to have been the only j one sufficiently self-possessed to do anything to ameliorate their | pitiable condition; even the lad before alluded to was so j paralyzed with fear that he could not be induced to go and j alarm the neighbors. This Phebe was obliged to do herself as I soon as she deemed it safe to leave her father. She appeared j wholly unconscious of her own painful wounds and the loss of blood they occasioned, so eager was she to relieve her father. The alarm spread rapidly, and soon after sunrise a company of armed men started in pursuit of the desperadoes, whom they I followed to their retreat in the mountains, and several of whom they shot. Among those shot was Kelley, the leader of the band. On examination, Reynolds' body was found to be wounded in more than thirty places. One of his ears was so nearly severed that it hung down to his shoulder, and one of his hands was so badly cut that he never fully recovered its use. "For several weeks Reynolds was on the brink of the grave, but fortified as it had been by a life of temperance and industry, his fine constitution in the end triumphed, and he lived to see his eighty-fifth birth day.*'*

On the 17fh of March, 1794, this section was visited by a very violent and destructive wind, which destroyed nearly all the timber in its course.

-A very fall ant! graphic account of this thrilling event is given In tho writings of James E. Quinlan, from which ths {substance of these facts is taken.

Christopher D arrow taught the first school in the town ; Eleazer Larabee kept the first inn on Thunder Hill; AbF Downs, it is said, kept the first store; and the first grist mils