BlockFrom the record
15 National Register listings published here.
Sources: the National Register database, National Park Service
Nassau County, Florida
108 topographic sheets cover 36 settlements here, and 15 properties are on the National Register of Historic Places.
Research this county
What the record shows
- 694 topographic sheet readings cover the county's settlements.
- 15 properties here are on the National Register of Historic Places: 11 buildings, 2 districts, 1 structure and 1 site.
- 5 of the 15 listings were added during the 1970s.
- The Geographic Names Information System records 36 populated places in this county; 36 are covered by at least one topographic sheet.
Places on the National Register
15Every property in this county listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with the year it was listed and the federal nomination document.
| Photograph | Property | Type | Listed | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Amelia Island Lighthouse | structure | 2003 | 03000004 |
 | Bailey House | building | 1973 | 73000591 |
 | Ervin's Rest | building | 1998 | 98000376 |
| Evans Rendezvous | building | 2002 | 01001532 | |
 | Fairbanks House | building | 1973 | 73000592 |
 | Fernandina Beach Historic District | district | 1973 | 73000593 |
| Fernandina Beach Historic District (Boundary Increase) | district | 1987 | 87000195 | |
 | Fort Clinch | building | 1972 | 72000343 |
 | Hippard House | building | 2001 | 01001087 |
 | Merrick-Simmons House | building | 1983 | 83001431 |
 | Mount Olive Missionary Baptist Church | building | 1998 | 98001099 |
 | Nassau County Jail | building | 2009 | 09000927 |
 | Original Town of Fernandina Historic Site | site | 1990 | 86003685 |
 | John Denham Palmer House | building | 1986 | 86001453 |
 | Tabby House | building | 1973 | 73000594 |
Photographs from libraries nationwide
12 of 13 shownSelected from the Digital Public Library of America's 13 image records catalogued for this county. Every one shown here carries a public-domain status or a licence that permits reuse on a site that carries advertising; non-commercial, share-alike and restricted images are excluded. The selection is spread across the county's towns (at most eight per town), so no single institution's bulk upload crowds out the rest. Each opens the holding library's record, and the complete set at the Digital Public Library of America is one click away.
The county from the air
48 shownFlown by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1937 and 1989, the Aerial Photo Single Frames collection is the definitive mid-century view of the land: fields, roads and rivers as the camera saw them. The Survey holds 1,857 frames inside the rectangle that bounds this county; the 48 frames below were taken over the county itself, chosen across the decades of flights (at most four a year from that rectangle), so one flight cannot crowd out the rest. The full set is free to browse and download at EarthExplorer under the dataset Aerial Photo Single Frames.
Weather records
18 stations, 5 gagesThe thermometers that kept this county's weather, and the gages that measured the flow of its streams, as the federal records hold them. The extremes below are measured values from those records, not estimates.
- FERNANDINA BEACH 1892 to 2026, hottest 40.0 C, coldest -17.8 C
- SAINT MARYS 1902 to 1913, hottest 41.1 C, coldest -10.0 C
- HILLIARD 1908 to 1956, hottest 40.6 C, coldest -9.4 C
- HILLIARD 5.4 NW 2007 to 2010
- YULEE 0.7 NNW 2007 to 2008
- CALLAHAN 5.0 SSE 2008 to 2014
- HEDGES 0.3 ESE 2009 to 2021
- FERNANDINA BEACH 1.2 NW 2009 to 2013
- FERNANDINA BEACH 0.6 S 2015 to 2024
- FERNANDINA BEACH 6.3 SW 2015 to 2026
- FERNANDINA BEACH 0.4 ESE 2017 to 2018
- FERNANDINA BEACH 2.5 S 2017 to 2018
- FERNANDINA BEACH 2.3 S 2017 to 2026
- FERNANDINA BEACH 2.4 S 2020 to 2026
- FERNANDINA BEACH 1.5 S 2020 to 2023
- CALLAHAN 4.0 S 2021 to 2022
- FERNANDINA BEACH 1.7 S 2022 to 2024
- FERNANDINA BEACH 1.5 S 2024 to 2026
- LITTLE ST. MARYS RIVER NR HILLIARD, FLA. 1965 to 1967
- ST. MARYS RIVER NEAR GROSS, FLA. 1966 to 1990
- ALLIGATOR CREEK AT CALLAHAN, FL 1981 to 2004
- NASSAU RIVER NEAR HEDGES, FL 1983 to 2004
- MILLS CREEK NR ITALIA,FL 1986 to 1988
The 1950 census, district by district
18 districtsWho lived here in 1950, one enumeration district at a time, as the Census Bureau described each district. Each row opens its official National Archives result, with Population Schedules and ED Maps available there.
- 45-1Fernandina city, comprising parts of Commissioner's Districts 1 and 2: Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 1 Bounded by City limits; City limits; Center; N. 14th, N. 14th Ext.
- 45-2Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 1 Bounded by City limits; N. 14th Ext., N. 14th, Franklin, N. 2nd; Ash, Ash extended; City limits
- 45-3Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 1 Bounded by Franklin; N. 14th, Center, S. 13th; Beach, S.11th, Ash; S. 2nd., N. 2nd
- 45-4Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 2 Bounded by Center; City limits; City limits; S. 14th, Date, S. 13th
- 45-5Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 2 Bounded by Ash, S. 11th, Beech; S. 13th, Date, S. 14th; City limits; S. 8th
- 45-6Fernandina city - That part in Commissioner's District 2 Bounded by Ash extended, Ash; S. 8th; City limits; City limits
- 45-7Fernandina Beach town, comprising parts of Commissioner's Districts 1 and 2: Fernandina Beach town - That part in Commissioner's District 1
- 45-8Fernandina Beach town - That part in Commissioner's District 2
- 45-9Commissioner's District 1 - That part outside Fernandina city and Fernandina Beach town (Remainder of Commissioner's District 1 is in Fernandina city and Fernandina Beach town)
- 45-10Commissioner's District 2 - That part outside Fernandina city and Fernandina Beach town (Remainder of Commissioner's District 2 is in Fernandina city and Fernandina Beach town)
- 45-11Commissioner's District 3: Commissioner's District 3 - That part east of Seaboard Air Line Railway
- 45-12Commissioner's District 3 - That part west of Seaboard Air Line Railway
- 45-13Commissioner's District 4: Hilliard town
- 45-14Commissioner's District 4 - That part east of State Hwy. 15, outside Hilliard town
- 45-15Commissioner's District 4 - That part west of State Hwy. 15, outside Hilliard town
- 45-16Commissioner's District 5: Callahan town
- 45-17Commissioner's District 5 - That part northwest of State Hwy. 200, outside Callahan town
- 45-18Commissioner's District 5 - That part southeast of State Hwy. 200, outside Callahan town
Wildfire, 1992 to 2020
1,127 firesEvery wildfire the federal occurrence database records inside this county: 1,127 of them, burning about 12,318 acres. 272 started naturally and 127 were recorded as arson. Each settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it.
| Reported cause | Fires |
|---|---|
| Natural | 272 |
| Debris and open burning | 261 |
| Railroad operations and maintenance | 158 |
| Equipment and vehicle use | 127 |
| Arson/incendiarism | 127 |
| Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 78 |
| Misuse of fire by a minor | 50 |
| Recreation and ceremony | 32 |
| Power generation/transmission/distribution | 14 |
| Smoking | 3 |
| Other causes | 3 |
| Fireworks | 2 |
The five largest, by the area the report gives. None of them was recorded as arson.
| Date | Cause | Size | Reported by | Name on the report |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 June 1998 | Equipment and vehicle use | 2,027 acres | Florida Forest Service | not named |
| 22 March 2017 | Debris and open burning | 705 acres | Florida Forest Service | GARFIELD ROAD (45) |
| 8 August 2000 | Natural | 520 acres | Florida Forest Service | not named |
| 12 May 2001 | Natural | 376 acres | Florida Forest Service | CRAWFORD ROAD |
| 9 August 2006 | Natural | 324 acres | Florida Forest Service | CANDLEWOOD 2006-07-0277 |
| 21 July 2000 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 288 acres | Florida Forest Service | not named |
| 30 May 2006 | Natural | 176 acres | Florida Forest Service | BUFORD BAY FIRE 2006-07-0183 |
| 26 August 2000 | Natural | 175 acres | Florida Forest Service | not named |
Every settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it - see the settlement index below.
Storms, 1961 to 2026
60 of 480 shownThe NOAA Storm Events Database holds 480 reports for this county, causing 4 deaths, 8 injuries and about $2,577,490 in recorded property damage. Each settlement page carries the reports that name it.
| Kind of event | Reports |
|---|---|
| Thunderstorm Wind | 261 |
| Hail | 95 |
| Heavy Rain | 46 |
| Tornado | 31 |
| Funnel Cloud | 9 |
| Flash Flood | 8 |
| Lightning | 8 |
| Flood | 8 |
| Wildfire | 7 |
| Rip Current | 4 |
| Waterspout | 3 |
The most serious of them, by death, then injury, then recorded damage. The accounts are quoted exactly as the forecast office filed them.
| When | Event | Place named | Harm | What the report says |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2003 | Rip Current | Amelia City | 1 killed | Tourist drowned when caught in rip current at an unguarded beach. Rough surf from Hurricane Isabel was developing and the Jacksonville surf forecast indicated a "moderate risk of rip currents" for the day with increasing surf later in the week. Nassau County Beach Patrol reported 6 rescues due to rip currents. |
| May 2002 | Rip Current | Fernandina Beach | 1 killed | Tourist, caught in Rip Current drowned approximately 200 yards off the beach. |
| July 2004 | Rip Current | Fernandina Beach | 1 killed | no account filed |
| August 1998 | Rip Current | Fernandina Beach | 1 killed | no account filed |
| February 1992 | Tornado (F1) | not stated | 4 hurt, $250,000 | no account filed |
| May 2001 | Lightning | Fernandina Beach | 2 hurt | Walking on Amelia Island Beach. |
| July 2004 | Lightning | Amelia City | 2 hurt | no account filed |
| June 1995 | Tornado (F1) | Camden Co GA | $800,000 | A tornado, spawned on the outer fringes of tropical storm Allison, touched down in extreme northern Nassau County and moved north into Camden County, Georgia. Damage was light in Nassau County, but heavier damage occurred in the historic downtown district in St. Marys, Georgia. Damage to an elementary school in St. Marys, and facilities at Kings Bay Naval Submarine Base were estimated at $730,000. |
| October 1996 | Flash Flood | Fernandina Beach | $250,000 | no account filed |
| October 1985 | Tornado (F1) | not stated | $250,000 | no account filed |
| February 1984 | Tornado (F1) | not stated | $250,000 | no account filed |
| May 2002 | Lightning | Yulee | $200,000 | Lightning ignited fire destroying auto body shop on US 17. |
| May 2002 | Lightning | Hilliard | $80,000 | Lightning strike ignited fire destroying family home. |
| June 2003 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $50,000 | Several city blocks affected near Robin Hood Circle and Ratliff Rd. with a dozen large trees felled and bricks moved. Privacy fence blown down. Most trees were snapped off 8 to 14 inches above the ground, including a 10 inch round, healthy White Oak. Four structures damaged, two were under construction. Survey estimation, 200 yard wide by 400 yard long micoburst with wind speeds of 55 to 65 knots. Broader wind swath of 40 knot winds. Additional information from Fernandina Beach News Leader 6/18/03 |
| March 2007 | Tornado (EF0) | Callahan | $30,000 | Three single wide mobile homes with significant damage to siding, minor roof damage and damage to steps, fences, etc. Used EF Scale - Damage Indicator (DI) MHSW with a Degree of Damage (DOD) #2 to the structures. Several Small farm buildings and sheds were moved or blown over with large tractors and equipment inside. For these I used a DI of SBO and DOD #7. By crossing the two determined an EF-0 Scale rating with 80 mph wind speeds most likely. |
| December 2023 | Flood | Kent | $25,000 | Mutiple roads were flooded across western Nassau County. Ford Rd washed out causing a culvert to fail. Hamp Hicks Rd was closed due to flooding at 2:30 p.m. A section of Bismark Rd was closed. Canal Road was under water but passable. Zidelle Rd, at 4:30 pm, was impassable by cars. |
| April 1978 | Tornado (F1) | not stated | $25,000 | no account filed |
| June 1977 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | $25,000 | no account filed |
| June 2023 | Thunderstorm Wind | Kent | $20,000 | Numerous trees were blown down across Hilliard. A large tree fell onto a house and a truck along Conner Road. Tree caused significant structural damage to the roof and walls. The truck sustained significant damage to the bed of the truck and the gas tank cap. |
| February 1998 | Flash Flood | Yulee | $20,000 | Numerous roads were closed due to excessive flooding. |
| November 1995 | Thunderstorm Wind | Fernandina Beach | $20,000 | A roof on a beachfront home in the 700 block of South Fletcher Avenue was lifted off and blown onto the beach. Large limbs and power lines were blown down throughout the county. |
| July 2007 | Lightning | Callahan | $16,000 | A lightning strike caused a fire which destroyed a single wide mobile home on Andy's Sawmill Road. The cost of damaged was estimated. |
| August 2018 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hedges | $15,000 | A large oak tree was blown down onto a mobile home along Patches Lane in Yulee. The time of damage was based on radar. The cost of damage was unknown, but it was estimated for inclusion of the event in Storm Data. |
| July 1999 | Thunderstorm Wind | Fernandina Beach | $15,000 | Light poles snapped. One boat damaged. |
| February 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $15,000 | Mobile home damaged. Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| June 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $15,000 | Large trees were blown down. One mobile home damaged. |
| June 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $10,000 | A large tree was blown down onto a home. The cost of damage was estimated for the event to be included in StormData. The time of the event was based on radar. |
| June 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $10,000 | Trees were blown down near the intersection of Lem Turner and Hodges Street. One tree fell on a home. The cost of damage was estimated for inclusion of the event in StormData. |
| April 2008 | Lightning | Hilliard | $10,000 | Lightning struck two homes and ignited two brush fires in central Nassau County. |
| February 2006 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $10,000 | A thunderstorm wind gust knocked over a pine tree which struck a house causing minor damage. A few other pines fell over locally with no further damage or injuries reported. |
| December 2002 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $10,000 | Three mile wide swath of straight line winds with numerous trees and power lines down. |
| March 2001 | Tornado (F0) | Yulee | $10,000 | Brief touchdown. several large trees downed. Roof damage to private home and church. both structures of wood frame construction. Portable shed and wood frame garage damaged. |
| May 2012 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $6,000 | Two large trees were blown down near Callahan according to the Nassau Record newspaper. A large pine tree fell on a home on Dornbush Road and another tree fell across a cedar fence at a home on Lem Turner Road near Lisa Drive. The time of the event was based on radar. The cost of damage was estimated. |
| June 2001 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $6,000 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. Two cars damaged. |
| June 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Fernandina Beach Arp | $5,000 | About a dozen trees were blown down and caused damage at the Nassau County Humane Society dog park. |
| August 1995 | Tornado (F0) | Amelia Island | $5,000 | Tornado was embedded in feeder bands from Hurricane Erin. Trees were downed along the track and scattered across A1A. |
| December 1997 | Flash Flood | Countywide | $5,000 | no account filed |
| June 1999 | Thunderstorm Wind | Yulee | $4,000 | One home with roof damage. |
| June 2001 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $3,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| June 2001 | Thunderstorm Wind | Fernandina Beach | $3,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down at South Fletcher and Sadler Rd. |
| July 2001 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $3,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| March 2000 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $3,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| October 1996 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $3,500 | no account filed |
| March 2026 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $3,000 | Nassau County EM reported a gas pump awning structure was blown over in Hilliard, FL. Time was estimated by radar. |
| October 2019 | Thunderstorm Wind | Italia | $3,000 | The public had video of a strong thunderstorm with winds near 45 mph located near the Plumbers Creek Drive near I-95 and State Road 200. A few trees were blown down. The cost of damage was estimated for inclusion in Storm Data. |
| April 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $3,000 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| February 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Nassauville | $3,000 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| March 2001 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| August 2000 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| August 2000 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| April 1999 | Thunderstorm Wind | Yulee | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| July 1999 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hilliard | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| April 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Fernandina Beach | $2,500 | Large trees were uprooted. |
| April 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Yulee | $2,500 | Large trees and power lines were blown down. |
| June 1998 | Thunderstorm Wind | Callahan | $2,500 | Large tree and power lines were blown down. |
| May 1988 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | $2,500 | no account filed |
| September 1976 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | $2,500 | no account filed |
| May 1976 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | $2,500 | no account filed |
| March 1961 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | $2,500 | no account filed |
| July 2022 | Thunderstorm Wind | Franklintown | $2,000 | Shingles were blown off a house and 1 inch tree branches were down. |
Mines and quarries
5 recordedThe Survey's mineral resources record lists 5 workings inside this county. 1 still produces and 4 are closed or unrecorded. Each settlement page carries the workings within five miles of it.
| Commodity | Workings |
|---|---|
| Titanium-Heavy Minerals | 2 |
| Clay | 2 |
The least common of them first, because a county's hundredth gravel pit says nothing its first ten did not.
| Where | Site | Commodity | Status | Recorded |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amelia Island Placer | Titanium-Heavy Minerals | Occurrence | Monazite, Zircon, Rutile, Ilmenite | |
| Georgia-Carolina Brick Co Pit | Clay | Past Producer | ||
| Humphreys Mining Co. - Boulogne Mine | Titanium-Heavy Minerals | Past Producer | Ilmenite, Rutile, Monazite, Zircon | |
| Unnamed Clay Deposit | Clay | Past Producer | ||
| Trenncor Mine | Producer |
Every populated place in the county
36Named settlements recorded in the Geographic Names Information System, each with the topographic sheets covering it. Villages, hamlets and abandoned places alike. Each is shown with the nearest named watercourse or landform and the survey quadrangle it falls on.
-
Amelia City
Fernandina Beach census division · 32034 · Near Amelia Island · Amelia City quadrangle
21 sheets, 1919 to 1988
-
American Beach
Fernandina Beach census division · 32034 · On Harrison Creek · Amelia City quadrangle
21 sheets, 1919 to 1988
-
Boulogne
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32046 · On Pigeon Creek · Boulogne quadrangle
17 sheets, 1917 to 1988
-
Bryceville
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32009 · Bryceville quadrangle
17 sheets, 1917 to 1988
-
Callahan
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32011 · On Little Mills Creek · Callahan quadrangle
18 sheets, 1917 to 1988
-
Chester
Yulee census division · 32097 · Near Martins Island · Saint Marys quadrangle
23 sheets, 1918 to 1993
-
Crandall
Yulee census division · 32097 · By Reids Bluff · Saint Marys quadrangle
23 sheets, 1918 to 1993
-
Fernandina Beach
Fernandina Beach census division · 32034 · On Bells River · Fernandina Beach quadrangle
22 sheets, 1919 to 1994
-
Franklintown
Fernandina Beach census division · 32034 · On Harrison Creek · Amelia City quadrangle
21 sheets, 1919 to 1988
-
Kings Ferry
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32046 · Kings Ferry quadrangle
17 sheets, 1917 to 1988
-
Mattox
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32234 · Macclenny East quadrangle
12 sheets, 1917 to 1981
-
Nassau Village
Callahan-Hilliard census division · 32011 · Callahan quadrangle
18 sheets, 1917 to 1988
-
Nassauville
Yulee census division · 32034 · On Christopher Creek · Hedges quadrangle
22 sheets, 1918 to 1988
-
Old Fernandina
Fernandina Beach census division · 32034 · On Egans Creek · Fernandina Beach quadrangle
22 sheets, 1919 to 1994
-
Yulee
Yulee census division · 32097 · On McQueen Creek · Saint Marys quadrangle
23 sheets, 1918 to 1993
-
Yulee Heights
Yulee census division · 32097 · On Lumber Creek · Hedges quadrangle
22 sheets, 1918 to 1988
Provenance
- Topographic sheets. USGS Historical Topographic Map Collection, county index, measured from the bulk metadata.
- Fire insurance maps. Library of Congress Sanborn collection, faceted to this county.
- Photographs. Each place queried individually against the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs search.
- Wildfire. Short, Karen C. 2022. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2020 [FPA_FOD_20221014]. 6th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.6 Collected with United States Government funding and usable without additional permissions or fees.
- Mines and quarries. USGS Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105.
- Storms. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/stormevents/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105. Narratives are quoted verbatim from the National Weather Service report and are not edited or summarised.