Coshocton County, Ohio - Chapter 20, 1881

The causes which led to the Expedition - The Pontiac War- Bouquet ordered to the relief of Fort Pitt - His march from Fort Pitt^Incidents of the March - Indian Trails - March down the Tuscarawas-Council with the Chiefs - Bouquet's Camp at the Forks of the Muskingum - The Treaty of Peace - The Recovery ol Prisoners - Sketph of Colonel Bouquet's Life.

FOE a full understanding of this great military campaign, which had its terminus in this county, i-t is necessary to review, briefly, the causes which rendered it necessaxy.

In 1763, the vgst region from the Alleghenies to the Rocky mountains, was mostly in possession of the French. Their forts, missions, trading posts - the centers, in some cases, of little colonies - were scattered throughout the valley of the Mississippi and on the borders of all the great lakes. They had gained a controlling influence over the Indians, and by the right of discovery and colonization, they regarded the country as their own. .

To the Indian tribes occupying this territory, the change was nothing but disaster. They had held, in a certain sense, the balance of power between the two rival colonies^ of France and England. Both had bid for their friendship, and both competed for trade with them, but the French had been the more sxiccessful, their influence among the Indians was great, and they had generally gained their good will.

The English came among them, erected forts, generally claimed the country, but where they came in contact with the Indians only jealousy and hatred were engendered. This feeling continued until it culminated in the great Indian war known as " Pontiac's War." The tribes leagued together to drive the English into the sea. At one fell swoop all the small posts of the interior were captured from the English, and the frontiers swept by fire. The two great forts, Detroit and Fort Pitt, alone withstood the assailants, and these were reduced to extremity.

Pontiao, himself, beleaguered Detroit, while the Dela wares, Shawanese and Wyandots, who occupied territory now embraced in Ohio, laid siege, in their barbarous way, to Fort Pitt. Other bands of the same tribes meanwhile ravaged the frontiers of Pennsylvania, burning houses, murdering settlers, and producing indescribable distress and consternation.

This is the point where the history of Bouquet's properly begins. He was then in command at Philadelphia, and was ordered to march at once to the relief of the garrison at Fort Pitt. It was a desperate and difficult undertaking, but Colonel Bouquet was an, experienced officer, a man of science, courage and sense, and proved himself in every way equal to the emergei^cy.

Of the difficulties he encountered in collecting his troops; of their long march over the Allegheny mountains ; of the fierce and bloody battle of Bushy Eun ; of Bouquet's arrival at Fort Pitt and relief of that sorely beleaguered garrison, August 10, 1763, it is not within the province of this chapter to speak in detail.

The Indians, disheartened by their overwhelming defeat at Bushy Run, and despairing of success against Fort Pitt, now it was so heavily reinforced, retired sullenly to their homes beyond the Ohio, leaving the country between it and the settlements free from their ravages. Communication now being rendered safe, the fugitive settlers were. able to return to their friends, or take possession again of their abandoned cabins. By comparing notes they were soon able to make out an accurate list of those who were missing^either killed or prisoners among the various tribes - when it was found to contain the names of more than 200 men, women and children. Fathers mourned their daughters slain, or subject to a captivity worse than death ; husbands their wives left mangled in the forest, or forced into the embraces of their savage captors - some with babes at their breast, and some whose ofifepring would first see the light in the red man's wigwam - and loud were the cries that went up on every side for vengeance.

Boquet wished to follow up his success and march at once into the heart of the enemy's country, and wring from the hostile tribes, by force of arms, a treaty of peace which should forever put an end to these scenes of rapine and murder. But his force was too small to attempt this, while the season was too far advanced to leave time to organize another expedition before winter. He therefore determined to remain at the fort till spring, and then assemble an army sufficiently large te crush all opposition, and finish what he had so successfully begun.

Acting under instructions, he matured during the winter all his plans, and soon as spring opened set on foot measures by which an- army strong enough to render resistance hopeless should be placed under his command.

In the meantime the Indians had obtained powder 'from tlie French, and as soon as the snow melted recommenced their ravages along the_ frontier, killing, scalping and taking prisoners men, women and children.

4th and 6th regiments - but Pennsylvania, at her own expense, furnished 1,000 militia, and Virginia a corps of volunteers. With this imposing force he was directed to march against the Delawares, Mohicans and Mingoes ; while Col. Bradstreet, from Detroit, should advance into the territory of the Wyandots, Ottawas and Chippewas ; and thus, by one great simultaneous movement, crush those warlike tribes. Bouquet's route, however, was without any water communication whatever, but lay directly through the heart of an unbroken wilderness. The expedition, from beginning to end, was to be carried on without boats, wagons, or artillery, and without a post to fall back upon in case of disaster. The army was to be an isolated thing, a self-supporting machine.

Although the preparations commenced early in the spring, difficulties and delays occurred in carrying them forward, so that the troops, that were ordered to assemble at Carlisle, did not get ready to march till the 6th of August. Four days after, they were drawn up ,on parade, and -addressed in a patriotic speech by the Governor of the State. This ceremony being finished, they turned their steps toward the wilderness, followed by the cheers of the people. Passing over the bloody field of Bushy Run, which still bore marks of the sharp conflict that took place there the year before, they pushed on, unmolested by the Indians, and entered Fort Pitt on the 13th of September.

In the mean time a company of Delawares visited the fort, and informed Bouquet that Colonel Bradstreet had formed a treaty of peace with them and the Shawnees.

Bouquet gave no credit to the story, and went on with his preparations. To set the matter at rest, .however, he offered to send an express to Detroit, if they would furnish guides and safeconduct, saying he would give it ten days to go and ten to return. This they agreed to ; but unwilling to trust their word alone, he retained ten of their number as hostages, whom he declared he would shoot if the express came to, any barm. Soon after other Indians arrived, and endeavored to persuade him not to advance till the express should return. Suspecting that their motive was to delay him till the season was too far advanced to move at all, he turned a deaf ear to their solicitations, saying that the express could meet him on his march; and if it was true, as they said, that peace was concluded, they would receive no harm from him. So, on the 3d of October, under a bright autumnal sky, the imposing little army of 1,600 men defiled out of the fort, and taking the great ' Indian trail westward boldly entered the wilderness. The long train of pack-horses, and immense droves of sheep and cattle that accompanied it, gave to it the appearance of a huge caravan, slowly threading its way amidst the endless colonades of the forest. Only one woman was allowed to each corps, and two for general hospital.

This expedition, even in early history, was a novel one ; for following no water-course, it struck directly into the trackless forest, with no definite point in view, and no fixed limit to its advance. It was intended to overawe by its magnitude - to move, as an exhibition of awful power, into the very heart of the red man's dominions. Expecting to be shut up in the forest at least a month, and receive in that time no supplies from without, it had to carry along an immense quantity of provisions. Meat, of course, could not be preserved, and SD the frontier settlements were exhausted of sheep and oxen to move on with it for its support. These necessarily caused its march to be slow and methodical. A corps of Virginia volunteers went in advance, preceded by three scouting parties - one of which kept the path, while the other two moved in a line abreast, on either side, to explore the woods. Under cover of these the axe companies, guarded by two companies of light infantry, cut two parallel paths, one each side of the main path, for the troops, pack-horses, and cattle that were to follow. ' First marched the Highlanders, in column two-deep, in the center path, and in the side paths in single file abreast - the men six feet apart ; and behind them the corps of reserve, and the second battalion of Pennsylvania militia. Then came the officers and pack-horses, followed by the vast droves of cattle, filling the forest with their loud complainings. A company of light horse walked slowly after these, and the rear-guard closed the long array. No talking was allowed, and no music cheered the way., When the order to halt passe^ along the line, the whole were to face outward, and the moment the signal of attack sounded, to form a hollow square, into the center of which pack-horses, ammunition, and cattle were to be hurried, followed by the light "horse.

In this order the unwieldy caravan struggled on through the forest, neither extremity of which could be seen from the center, it being lost amidst the thickly clustering trunks and foliage in the distance.

The first day the expedition made only three miles. The next, after marching two miles, it came to the Ohio, and moved down, its gravelly beach six miles and a half, when it again struck into the forest, and making seven miles, encamped. The sheep and cattle, which kept up an incessant bleating and lowing that could be heard more than a mile, were placed far in the rear at night and strongly guarded.

Tuesday, October 5, the march led across a level country, covered with stately timber and with but little underbrush ; so that paths were easily cut, and the army made ten miles before camping. The next day it again struck the Ohio, but followed it only half a mile when it turned abruptly off, and crossing a high ridge over which - the cattle were urged with great difficulty, found itself on the banks of the Big Beaver creek. The stream was deep for fording, with a rough rocky bottom and high steep banks. The current was, moreover, strong and rapid ; so that, although the soldiers waded across without material difficulty, they had great trouble in getting the cattle safely over. The sheep were compelled to swim, and being borne down by the rapid current landed, bleating, in scattered squads, along the steep banks, and were collected together again only after a long effort. Keeping down the stream they at length reached its mouth, where they found some> deserted Indian huts, which the Indians with them said had been abandoned the year before, after the battle of Bushy Eun. Two miles farther on they came upon the skull of a child stuck on a pole.

There was a large number of men in the army who had wives, children and friends prisoners among the Indians, and who had accompanied the expedition for the purpose of recovering them. To these the skull of. this Httle child brought sad reflections. Some one among them was perhaps its father, while the thought that it might stand as an index to tell the fate of all that had been captured made each one shudder. As they looked on it, bleached by the winds and rain, the anxious heart asked questions it dared not answer.

The next day was Sunday, but the camp broke up at the usual hour and the army resumed its slow march. Duriag the day it crossed a high ridge, from the top of which one of those wondrous scenes found nowhere but in the American wilderness burst on their view. A limitless expanse of forest stretched away till it met the western heavens, broken only here and there by a dark gash or seam, showing where, deep down amidst the trees, a river was pursuing its solitary . way to the Ohio, or an occasional glimpse of the Ohio itself, as in its winding course it came in the line of vision. In one direction the tree tops would extend, miles upon miles, a vast flooring of foliage, level as the bosom of a lake, and then break into green billows that went rolling gently against the cloudless horizon. In another, lofty ' ridges rose, crowned with majestic trees, at the base of which swamps of dark flr trees, refusing the bright beams of the October sun, that flooded the rest of the wilderness, made a pleasing contrast of light and shade. The magnificent scene was new to officers and men, and they gazed on it in rapture and wonder.

Keeping on their course, they; came, two daj's after, to a point where the Indian path they had been following so long divided - the two branches leading off at a wide angle. The trees at the forks were covered with hieroglyphics, describing the various battles the Indians had fought, and telling the number of scalps they had taken, etc:

This point was in the southern part of the present county of Columbiana. The trails were both plainly marked and much traveled. The right hand trail took a general course northwest toward Sandusky, and led to that place and on to Detroit; the course of the left hand trail was generally southwest, and passed through the counties of Carroll and Tuscarawas, striking the Tuscarawas river in the latter county, down which it followed, on the south side, to Coshocton, and cross- ing the Muskingum a few miles below the site of Coshocton, continued down the west side of the Muskingum to Dresden, where it crossed the Wakatomika and entered Licking county, passing across that county to the present reservoir, continued on southwest to the Indian towns on the Scioto.

Col. Bouquet took the right hand trail, which he followed until he reached the Tuscarawas river when he left it and turned southward along that stream.

The path selected by the army was so overgrown with bushes that every foot of the way had to be cleared with the axe. It led through low, soft ground, and was frequently crossed by narrow, sluggish rivulets, so deep and miry that the pack-horses could not be forced across them. After several attempts to do so, in which the animals became so thoroughly imbedded in the .mud that they had to be lifted out with main force, they halted, while the artificers cut down trees and poles and made bridges. This was the hardest day's toil to which they had been subjected, and with their utmost efforts they were able to accomplish but five miles. On Thursday the 11th, the forest was open, and so clear of undergrowth that they made seventeen miles. Friday, the 12th, the path led along the banks of Yellow creek, through a beautiful country of rich bottom land, on which the Pennsylvanians and Virginians looked with covetous eyes, and made a note for future reference. The next day they crossed it, and ascending a swell of land, marched two miles in view of one of the loveliest prospects the sun ever shown upon. There had been two or three frosty nights, which had changed the whole aspect of the forest. Where, a few days before, an ocean of green had rolled away, there now was spread a boundless carpet, decorated with an endless variety of the gayest colors, and lighted up by the mellow rays of an October sun. Long strips of yellow, vast masses of green, waving lines of red, wandering away and losing themselves in the blue of the distant sky - immense spaces sprinkled with every imaginable hue, now separated clear and distinct as if by a painter's brush, and now shading gradually into each other, or mingling in inextricable, beautiful confusion, combined to form a scene that appeared more like a wondrous vision suddenly unrolled before them than this dull earth. A cloudless sky and the dreamy haze of Indian summer, overarching and enrobing all this beauty and splendor, completed the picture and left nothing for the imagination to suggest

At length they descended to a small river, which they followed till it joined the main branch of the Muskingum (Tuscarawas), where a scene of a very different character greeted them. A little below and above the forks the shores had been cultivated and lined with Indian houses. The place was called " Tuscaroras," and for beauty of situation could nofwell be surpassed. The high, luxuriant banks, the placid rivers meeting and flowing on together, the green fields sprinkled with huts and bordered with the rich auturtmal foliage, all basking in the mellow October light, and so out of the way there in the wilderness, combined to form a sweet picture, and was doubly lovely to them after having been so long shut up in the forest.

They reached this beautiful spot Saturday afternoon, October 13, and the next day being Sunday they remained' in camp, and men and cattle were allowed a day of rest. The latter revived under the smell of green grass once more, and roaming over the. fields, gave a still more civilized aspect to the quiet scene.

During the day the two messengers that had been sent to Detroit came into camp, accompanied by Indian guides. The report they brought showed the wisdom of Bouquet in refusing to delay his march till their return. They had not been allowed to pursue their joijrney, but were held close prisoners by the Delawares until the arrival of the army, when, alarmed for their own safety, they released them and made them bearers of a petition for peace.

The next day, Monday, the army moved two miles farther down the Tuscarawas, and encamped on aliigh bank, where the stream was 300 feet wide, within the present limits of Tuscarawas county, where it remained in camp about a week On Tuesday, six chiefs came into camp, saying that all the rest were eight miles off, waiting to make peace. Bouquet told them he would be ready to receive them next day. In the meantime, he ordered a large bower to be built a short

The next day, the 17th, he paraded the Highlanders and Virginia volunteers, and escorted by the light horse, led them to the bower, where he disposed them in the miost imposing manner, so as to impress the chiefs in the approaching interview. The latter, as they emerged from the forest, were conducted with great ceremony to the bower, which they entered with their accustomed gravity; and without saying a word, quietly seated themselves and commenced smoking. When they had finished, th'ey laid aside their pipes, and drew from their pouches strings of wampum. The council being thus opened, they made a long address, in which they were profuse in their professions of peace, laying the whole blame of the war on the young men, whom they said they could not control. Bouquet, not wishing to appear eager to come to a settlement, replied that he would give his answer the next day ; and the council broke up. The next day, however, a pouring storm prevented a meeting of the council till the day following. Bouquet's answer was long and conciliatory, but the gist of it was he would make peace on one condition, and no other - that the Indians, should give up all the prisoners in their possession within ten days.

The Indians present at this council were Kiyash-uta, chief of the Senecas, with fifteen warriors ; Custaloga, chief of the Wolf tribe of Delawares, and Beaver, chief of the Turkey tribe of the Delawares, with twenty warriors ; and Keissinautchtha, as chief of the Shawanese, with six warriors.

Monday, October 22, the army, accompanied by the Indian deputies, recommenced its march, as Bouquet wished to show that he was determined to enforce his demands. They marched nine miles down the Tuscarawas, and went into camp. This was their fourteenth camp since leaving Fort Pitt, and was within a few miles of the east line of Coshocton county. The next day (October 23) the army crossed the present boimdaries of this county, marching sixteen miles and camping about seven miles east of the present site of the town. This camp must have been in Lafayette township, very near the line between it and Oxford. Here Bouquet remained until the 25th, when he continued his march a little more than six miles, camping within a mile of the forks of the Muskingum.

Judging this to be as central a' position as he could find, he resolved to fix himseif here until the object of his mission was accomplished. He ordered four redoubts to be built, erected several store-houses, a mess-house, a large number of ovens, and various other buildings for the reception of the captives, which, with the white tents scattered up and down the banks of- the river, made a large settlement in the wilderness, and filled the Indians with alarm. A town with nearly two thousand inhabitants, well supplied with horses, cattle, and sheep, and ample means of defense, was well calculated to awaken the gloomiest anticipations. The steady sound of the ax day after day, the lowing of cattle, and all the sounds of civilization echoing along the banks of the Tuscarawas within the very heart of their territory, was more alarming than the resistless march of a victorious army ; and anxious to get rid of such unwelcome companions, they made every effort to collect the prisoners scattered among the various tribes.

Bouquet remained here two weeks, occupied in sending and receiving messengers who were charged with business relating to the restoration of the captives. At the end of this time two hundred and six, the majority of them women and children, had been received in camp. A hundred more still remained in the hands of the Indians; yet, as they solemnly promised to restore them in the spring, and the leafless forest and biting blasts of November, and occasional flurries of snow, reminded Bouquet of the coming on of winter, he determined to retrace his steps to Fort Pitt.

These two weeks, during which the prisoners were being brought in, were filled with scenes of the most intense and often painful excitement. Some of the captives had been for many years with the Indians, recipients of their kindness and love ; others had passed from childhood, to maturity among them, till they had forgotten their native language, and the past was to them, if remembered at all, like a half-forgotten dream. All of them - men, women and children - were dressed in Indian costume, and their hair arranged in Indian fashion. Their features also were bronzed by long exposure to the weather ; so that they appeared to have passed more than half way to a pure savage state. As troop after troop came in, the eager look and inquiries of those who had accompanied the army to find their long-lost families and kindred made each arrival a most thilling scene. In some instances, where the separation had been only for a short period, the recognition was ' instantaneous and mutual, and the short, quick cry, and sudden rush into each other's arms, brought tears to the eyes of the hardy soldier. In others, doubt, agony, fear and hope, would in turn take possession of the heart, and chase each other like shadows over the face, as question after question was put, to recall some event or scene familiar to both, till at last a common chord would be touched, when the dormant memory would awake as by an electric touch, a flood of fond recollections sweep away all uncertainty, and the lost one be hurried away amidst cries and sobs of joy. Sometiijaes the disappointed parent or brother would turn sorrowfully away and, with that hope deferred which makes the heart sick, sadly await the arrival of another group. But the most painful sight was when a mother recognized her own child, which, however, in turn, persisted in looking on her as a stranger and coldly turning from her embrace, clung to its savage protector; or when a mutual recognition failed to awaken affection on one side, so entirely had the heart become weaned from its early attachments..

In these cases the joy of the captors knew no bounds, and the most endearing epithets and caresses would be lavished upon the prisoner. But when they saw them taken away, torrents of tears attested their sincere afTection and grief. The attitude of intense interest, and the exhibitions of uncontrollable sorrow of these wild children of the forest, on one side, and the ecstatic joy of the white mother as she folded her long-lost child in her arms, and the deep emotion of the husband as he strained his recovered wife to his bosom, on the other, combined to form one of the most moving, novel spectacles ever witnessed in the American wilderness. One of the captive women had an infant three months old at her breast, born in the Indian's wigwam. A Virginia volunteer instantly recognized her as his wife, stolen from his log-cabin six months previous, and rushing forward he snatched her to his bosom and flew with her to his tent, where, tearing off the savage costumes of both, he clothed them in their proper garments. After the first burst of joy was over he inquired after his little boy, two years old, who was carried off the same time she was made prisoner ; but she could give no tidings of him. A few days after another group of prisoners arrived, in which was a child whose appearance answered to the descriptions of this little fugitive. The woman was sent for and the child placed before. She looked at it a moment, and shook her head. But the next moment the powerful maternal instinct triumphed, and recognizing in the little savage before her her long-lost child, she dropped her babe, and snatching him to her bosom burst into a torrent of tear*. The'husband caught the babe from the ground on which it had fallen and both hurried' away to his tent. The poor Indian mother watched their retreating forms, and then burying her face in her blanket sobbed aloud.

A scene equally affecting occurred between an aged mother and her daughter, who had been carried off nine years before and adopted in a distant tribe. Though the latter had passed from childhood to womanhood in the forest, and differed from other young squaws only in the tint of her skin, which her wild life could not wholly bronze, the eyes of the parent, sharpened by maternal instinct, instantly recognized the features of her child in the handsome young savage, and called her by name, and rushed forward to embrace her. But the latter, having forgotten her native language and name, and all her childhood's life, looked on wondering, and turned, frightened, from the proffered embrace, to her Indian parent. The true mother tried in every way to recall the memory of her child and awaken recognition, but in vain. At length, despairing of success, she .gave way to the most passionate grief. Colonel Bouquet had been a silent witness of the painful interview, and, raoved at the grief of the mother, approached her, and asked if she could not recall some song with which she used to sing her child to sleep. Brightening at the suggestion, she looked up through her tears, and struck a familiar strain, one with which she used long ago to quiet her babe. The moment the ears of the maiden caught the sound her countenance changed, and as the strain proceeded a strange light stole over her features. All stood hushed as death, as that simple melody floated out through the forest, and watched with intense interest the countenances of the two actors in this touching scene. The eager, anxious look of the mother as she sang, and the rapidly changing expression of the captive's face as she Hstened, awoke the profoundest sympathy of Bouquet's manly, generous heart, and he could hardly restrain his feelings. Slowly, almost painfully, the dormant memory awoke from its long sleep; at length the dark cloud that covered the past rent asunder, and the scenes of childhood came hack in all the freshness of their early spring time, and the half wild young creature sunk in joy on her mother's bosom.

Some of the children had been so long with their captors that they looked upon them as their true parents, and cried bitterly on being separated from them. Stranger still, the young women had become so attached to their savage yet kind husbands, that, when told they were to be given up to their white friends, they refused to go ; and many of them had to be bound and brought as prisoners to camp. Repelling all advances, and turning a deaf ear to entreaties, they besought Bouquet to let them return to their forest homes. The promise that they should take their half-breed children with them could not change their wishes. On the other hand, the Indians clung to them with a tenacity and fondness that made the spectators forget they were looking upon savages. It was pitiful to see their habitual stoicism give way so completely at the thought of separation. They made no effort to conceal their grief; and the chieftain's eye that gleamed like his own tomahawk in battle, now wept like a child's. His strong nature seemed wholly subdued, and his haughty bearing changed to one of humility as he besought the white man to treat his pale-faced wife tenderly. His wild life suddenly lost all its charms, and he hung round the camp to get a sight of her whom.

though she was lost to him, he still loved. He watched near the log building in which she was kept, leaving it only to bring from the forest pheasants, wild pigeons, or some delicacy, and lay it at her feet. Some of the young captive wives refused to be comforted, and using that sagacity they had acquired in their long sojourn with the Indians, managed to escape from their friends, and joining their swarthy lovers fled with them to the forest, where they remained in spite of all efforts to recover them.

The American wilderness never presented such a spectacle as was here exhibited on the banks of the Muskingum. It was no longer a hostile camp, but a stage on which human nature was displaying its most attractive and noble traits; or rather a sublime poem, enacted there in the bosom of the wilderness, whose burden was human affection, and whose great argument the common brotherhood of mankind.

Bouquet and his officers were deeply impressed, and could hardly believe their own senses when they saw' young warriors, whose deeds of daring and savage ferocity had made their names a terror on the frontier, weeping like children over their bereavement.

A treaty of peace having been concluded with the various tribes. Bouquet, taking hostages to secure their good behavior and the return of the remaining prisoners, broke up his camp on the 18th of November, and began to retrace his steps toward Fort Pitt. The leafless forest rocked and roared above the little army as it once more entered its gloomy recesses; and that lovely spot on the banks of the Tuscarawas, on which such strange scenes had been witnessed, lapsed again into solitude and silence. The Indians gazed with various and conflicting emotions on the lessening files - some with grief and desolation of heart because they bore away the objects of their deep affection, others with savage hate, for they went as conquerors.

A few, impelled by their affection for the prisoners, refused to stay behind. Though warned by the officers of the danger they incurred in returning to the frontiers which they had drenched in blood - of the private vengeance that would be wreaked on them by those whose homes they had made desolate - they could not be persuaded to

-turn back. Thus, day after day, they moved on the army, leaving it only to hunt for those -who had so long shared their wigwams. Among .these was a young Mingo chief, who could not be iorced to leave a young Virginian woman whom he had taken for his wife. Neither persuasions nor the prospect of falling a victim to the vengeance of those whose friends he had slain could make him remain behind. He treasured the joung paje-face in his fierce heart with a devotion that laughed at danger. His love was as untamable as his hate ; and in his bosom the fires of passion glowed with an intensity found only in those who have never submitted to a restraint, and whose highest law is the gratification of their own desires. Silent and gloomy he accompanied .the army, drawn irresistibly on by one sweet face -that shut all . other objects from his sight. .She had left his wigwam forever, and he could no longer soothe her with caressing words and be rewarded by a gentle look; but he could hover round her path, and bring her those delicacies which he so well knew how to select. No knight in the days of chivalry ever exhibited a higher gallantry or more unselfish devotion than did this haughty young Mingo.

In ten days the army again drew up in the little clearing in front of Fort Pitt, and were welcomed with loud shouts. The war was over, and .the troubled frontier rested once more in peace.

As a perusal of the details of this interesting expedition may have created a desire to know more of the man who conducted it, it is thought best to add the following personal sketch of Col. Henry Bouquet :

He was born in Eolle, on the. northern border of Lake Geneva, in the canton of Berne, Switzerland, in 1719. At the age of seventeen he was received as a cadeWn the regiment of Constant, in the service of the States General of Holland, and two years later obtained the commission of ensign in the same regiment. Subsequently he entered the service of the King of Sardinia, and distinguished himself first as a lieutenant and afterward as adjutant in the campaigns conducted by that Prince against the combined forces of Franch and Spain. He acquitted himself with much credit, and his ability and courage coming to the knowledge of the Prince of Orange, he en-

At the breaking out of the war between France and England, in 1754, he accepted a commission in the Royal American or Sixtieth British regiment, as Lieutenant Colonel, and embarked for America. His operations from this time to the date of his expedition against the Indians are involved in obscurity; little or nothing having been preserved except th8 fact that he was a subordinate in the Forbes expedition against Fort Du Quesne (Fort Pitt) in 1758.

After his successful Indian campaign in 1764, he went to Philadelphia, where he was received with distinguished kindness, and warmly welcomed, especially by thos^ whose friends he had rescued from the Indians. The Assembly voted him a complimentary address ; while the Home Government, as a reward for his services, promoted him to the rank of Brigadier General, and placed him in command of the Southern Department of North America. He did not live long, however, to enjoy his honors, for, in the latter part of the year 1765, he died of a fever in Pensacola.