Guernsey County, Ohio - Chapter 7: Military History of the County, 1911

Chapter 7: Military History of the County

Xo generation will look back with shame at the military record of the loyal old Buckeye state. Her early pioneers were men of undaunted courage and bravery ; they were the people who saw the receding forms of the savage red men as they bid a long farewell to their vast and beautiful hunting grounds and wended their way toward the setting sun, to far beyond the "Father of Waters." They were descendants of the brave and patriotic men who declared and finally gained their independence over the mother country. Then it is not strange that, when assailed by traitors at home and outlaws on our southern borders, the people of Guernsey county rallied around the flag, which by their devotion and sacrifice has come to be revered as no emblem on the earth, save the cross of Christ alone, is honored in this the close of the first decade in the twentieth century.

Guernsey county, however, was settled but little in the days of the last war with Great Britain (that of 1812-14) and not even explored when the Revolutionary war was being "fought, hence the part it took in these struggles was almost entirely precluded. Yet, there were numerous soldiers of the war of 1812, who afterward became sturdy pioneers here on Guernsey soil and assisted in opening up the county. Also, there Were some who had served in the great war for independence who found their way to these green, glad solitudes, when but few white men had looked upon these fair and fertile hills and dales.

Thus the conflicts in which the brave men of this county took an active part may be stated as being the war with Mexico, the great Rebellion, from 1861 to 1865, and the Spanish-American war of 1898, when, over the sinking of the warship "Maine," and the inhuman treatment given to her subjects on the isle of Cuba, Spain was humbled from her once proud throne and given to understand that America stood for justice and liberty, cost what it might.

Before passing to the military history, proper, of this county, the reader is invited to read the following history of a Revolutionary soldier, who at one time resided in this county and whose bones are now entombed within this soil.

A Revolutionary Character

In the Guernsey Weekly Times of January 21, 1904, there appeared a sketch by Col. C. P. B. Sarchet, of a Guernsey county boy, James Rimer Williams, of Salina, Kansas, who died on January 2, 1904. There is some history connected with this family that we will give. His grandfather, David Williams, came to Cambridge, when a young man, from Scotland, with his brother-in-law, Robert Nicholson, in 1817. He was by trade a weaver, but for some years he was a bar-keeper at the old Tingle tavern in Cambridge. There he became acquainted with Catherine Brown, who was a working girl at the same tavern, and they were married in Cambridge, January 13, 1825. Her father was a keeper in the old log-gaol, the first county jail. After their marriage they settled on a farm in Jackson township. James P. Williams, father of James Rimer Williams, was the oldest son of David Williams. He married, in Jackson township, Sarah Peodvin, daughter of Nicholas Peodvin and Sarah O'Harer. She was their only child. Nicholas Peodvin was a cousin of James Bichard, grandfather of the writer, and came to Cambridge along with the French Guernsey settlers in 1807. After the death of Nicholas Peodvin, James P. Williams and his wife came into the possession of the Nicholas Peodvin farm in Jackson township, which he afterward sold, about 1864, to Hon. J. W. White, and purchased the William Rainey, Sr., farm in the same township. From this farm he moved to Kansas. White sold the farm to Jonathan Gander, and it became known for many years as the Gander farm. The Rainey-Williams farm is now in the possession of the heirs of E. R. Nyce. Connected with the William Rainey family was Andrew Whittier. He died at the remarkable age of one hundred and twenty-four years, being born in Germany in 1716, dying in 1840. He was buried in a grave yard located on the banks of Wills creek below Byesville. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. The last we have heard of his place of interment was that the creek was undermining the bank of the graveyard, and that the bones of this old hero, whose foreign blood he was ready to shed that this great free republic might live and become what it is, the greatest nation of the world, were about to be washed down Wills creek.

About the time of the report referred to by Colonel Sarchet, the patriotic people of Jackson township and Byesville village removed the bones of Whittier to the old Cambridge Baptist cemetery, where they are duly marked with a monument, inscribed with his wonderful age of one hundred and twentyfour years.

Guernsey county was represented in the war of 1812 by three companies of militia, commanded respectively by Capt. Simon Beymer, Capt. Absalom Martin and Capt. C. P. Beatty. We have recently come into possession of the names of the members of these companies, which we publish below, as a contribution to the history of the county. Few, if any, of the present generation know anything- about the experiences of their ancestors in eastern Ohio, during that war. Few know that Guernsey county, sparsely settled at it was in 1 81 2, sent so many soldiers into the field. The following two companies were in the detachment commanded by Col. Robert Bay :

On the hack of the muster roll of the above company, Lieut. -Col. Z. A. Beatty writes that he has inspected the ammunition, arms, etc., of the detachment, and finds them to be as follows : Powder in horns, two and one-half pounds; balls in pouches, ninety; pouches and horns, eleven; rifles, thirteen; muskets, one. By a note on the muster roll we learn that Lieutenant-colonel Beatty forwarded this report to Colonel Bay on August nth, Beatty being then at Zanesville. He explains in this note why no non-commissioned offii.l IJRiXSIC (in NTS , nil 111. <;3

Off To The Wars

Iii the early days of Cambridge, the only blacksmith shop in town was that of William McCracken, father of Alexander McCracken. Day after day, the sound of the hammer was heard in his place, and trade was busy. But then came the war of 1812, and all the able-bodied men of the place enlisted for active service. William McCracken quenched the fire in his forge, put down his hammer, locked the door, and set off with a musket. But to this the worthy people of Cambridge could not agree. Some one must shoe their horses, and there was none in the land of Guernsey who approached McCracken in skill and capacity. So a collection was taken up, to which the interested ones gladly contributed, a substitute was hired to shoulder the musket, and William McCracken perforce returned to his forge, kindled the fires and once more the blacksmith shop rang with the sound of the hammer.

At a meeting of the soldiers of the war of 1812, held in the court house square September 3, 1869, the following registered their names for the purpose of petitioning the general government for pensions :

Elijah Grimes, aged eighty years, residing at Cambridge. George Macomber, aged seventy-five years, of Cambridge. Peter Klingman, aged eighty-one years, of Cambridge. Joseph Waller, aged seventy-eight years, of Cambridge. George- McGannon, aged eighty-three years, of Cambridge. William Phillips, aged seventy-eight years, of Cambridge. William Turnbaugh, aged eighty-one years, of Cambridge. John McGiffin, aged eighty-five years, of Cambridge. Adam Rankin, aged seventy-five years, of Midway. Thomas Brown, aged seventy-six years, of Washington. Andrew Bay, aged seventy-one years, Leatherwood. Thomas N. Muzzy, aged eighty years, of Cumberland. George McCormick, aged eighty-one years, of Antrim. Adam Bucher, aged eighty-two years, of Rochester. Edward Milliner, aged eighty-four years, of Millinersville.

Others who reported later were: Samuel F. McKinnie, aged eightyseven years, of Washington township; Joseph McKinnie, aged seventy-six years, of the county, and also Robert Richey.

The Mexican War

The part taken in the war with Mexico, from 1846 to 1848, by the citizens of Guernsey county was not great. The reason was that the county was thinly settled at that date, and for the reason that Ohio was only called upon for three regiments of troops. While many from this county intended to go, the quota for the state was made up before the companies could be raised here. Some, however, did enlist in other counties and served through the war. It was supposed that a large parade of soldiers would be held here on the drill grounds of the home militia company, the same to be made up from several companies from Columbus and other points, and at which time many here in Cambridge intended to offer their services, but a change was made by a sudden military order, and the parade did not come off, hence no chance was given here to enlist. There have, however, resided many soldiers Who became settlers of Guernsey county, after having served from other Ohio counties.

Brigade Orders

"The Commissioned and Staff Officers of the Second Brigade, and the 15th Division of Ohio Militia, will parade in the town of Washington, on Tuesday, the 30th day of August next, at 10 o'clock A. M. - and continue under the command of the Brigadier-General, until 3 o'clock P. M., on the succeeding day - armed, uniformed and equipt as the law directs.

The Civil War

Without attempting to give the causes that led up to the breaking out of the Civil war - that terrible conflict between the North and South - the writer will hasten on to the pleasing task of setting forth in record form the deeds of sacrifice and valor performed by the soldiery of Guernsey county, between 1861 and 1866, that future generations may read with a just pride of the loyalty displayed by their forefathers. Considering her population and size, during that- conflict, no county sent forth more men in defense of the flag than Guernsey, and Ohio, as is well known, outrivaled most states in the Union. So frequent were her regiments going to the front, that at one time, late in the struggle, the governor took exceptions to the letter President Lincoln wrote to New Jersey, when that state sent a regiment out. Mr. Lincoln wrote the governor of that state, and kindly thanked its people for the regiment. Ohio's war governor had never once been thanked by a personal letter from the good President, and yet the troops \vere constantly going" forth, at his bidding, to do battle. Then Lincoln, after receiving the reprimand from the governor here, sent him one of his characteristic communications, in which he said that he no more thought of sending a letter of thanks to Ohio than he did every- morning when Mrs. Lincoln passed him a fresh cup of coffee - that he always knew he was welcome to it and that it was coming, too. This was the greatest compliment the state of Ohio could expect and was satisfied, as was her governor.

As the first soldiers were about to leave Cambridge, in 1861, the following appeared in the Jcffersonian and will, by their kindness and permission, here be quoted, for its intrinsic value in this war chapter of the county's history.

Off To The War

"The first company of Cambridge volunteers left this place on Tuesday morning for Columbus, there to await the orders of the President. They are a fine looking body of men, and they will no doubt 'stand by their colors' through 'thick and thin.'

"We shall watch the destiny of the Cambridge Volunteers, with all the solicitude which high regard and affection can inspire, and while we shall ever hope to hear that victory and honor have perched upon their ensign, yet our highest happiness, under providence, will be to take them by the hand once more,

"Officers - Captain, James Watt Moore; first lieutenant, Charles H. Moore; second lieutenant, John T. Rainey; first sergeant, Walter Barnett; second sergeant, Alfred H. Evans; third sergeant, James Johnson; fourth sergeant, J. C. Wiser; first corporal, Moses Stockdale; second corporal, George \Y. Hutchison ; third corporal, Dr. James Anderson.

"The following is as complete a list of names with places of residence as is now obtainable, of this volunteer company that left this place Tuesday morning. It should be carefully preserved :

During the Civil war there were three regular drafts for the tilling up of Guernsey count)- quota, under the various calls for men by President Lincoln. The first was dated May 17. 1864; the second was June 14th. the same year, and another June 21st. From three hundred dollars to one thousand dollars was paid as a bounty for substitutes. The following shows the drafted men by townships, the same being compiled January 31, 1865:

Wheeling township, 10; Monroe township, 16; Londonderry township. 21; Washington township, 18; Oxford township, 19; Millwood township 15; Centre township, 6: Wills township. 21 ; Madison township, 8; Jefferson township, 8; Cambridge township, 1; Liberty township, 12; Adams tow-nship, 0 ; Knox township, 10; Spencer township, 14; Westland township, 6; Richland township, 7; Valley township, 15; Jackson township, 3; total, 219.

Deputy Provost Marshal John B. Cook was shot dead in his back yard in [865, by persons supposed to have had trouble with him over a proposed draft, which they were evading. John W. Hartup and Hiram Oliver were arrested, tried before a court martial under General Ord. The trial lasted three months and the result was that the men were hung for the crime, one having confessed.

The principal commands in which soldiers served from Guernsey county were these: The Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Twenty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Seventy-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Ninety-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Eightyeighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, One Hundred and Twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, One Hundred and Seventy-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, First Ohio Cavalry Regiment.

Soldiers Aid Societies

Not alone did the men of Guernsey county show their patriotism in suppressing the Rebellion from 1861 to 1865, but the work of the ladies was potent and duly appreciated by the soldiers in tent, hospital and field. In every township in this county there were societies doing their best to provide things of necessity and comfort for the men in the field. At Cambridge, the Times files of April 9, 1863, have the following item, worth preserving in this connection :

"Our society was organized February 23, 1863, and though we have been cramped for means and by reason of the high prices that prevail, yet we will struggle on and not let this society go down so long as this dreadful war continues. YYe wish all who have promised to contribute and have not sent their contribution in would do so at once.

"During the winter the ladies have made the following articles : Eight shirts, eight pads, four slings, forty towels, eight rolls of bandages, six eyeshades, four pair of slippers, five sheets. On March 21st we sent to the Cincinnati branch of the United States Sanitary Commission, one barrel and one box of fruits, dried fruits, jellies, wines and a half barrel of onions. "(Signed) Sallie G. Lyons,

A Regimental Printer

Tn the Cambridge Times of April, 1864, an item appears as follows: "The Eighty-eighth Regiment, having purchased a press and the necessary type for printing general orders, requisitions, reports, etc., has appointed Francis M. Sarchet, of the regiment, as regimental printer. He formerly served an apprenticeship in this office. Though he is a young man, we feel warranted in saying that he is a good printer and will do good work. Success to Frank !"

"John Morgan, with the remnant of a band composed of the most villainous cut-throats and scoundrels, the sweepings and accumulations of two years of murdering and plundering among helpless people, amounting in number to probably six hundred, found his way into this county on Thursday, the 22nd inst., and entered the town of Cumberland about three o'clock in the afternoon of the same day. As usual, his pickets were thrown out, and the work of insult and plunder commenced.

"The stores of Colonel Squier and Mr. Holmes, respected citizens of that place, were plundered of clothing and such articles as they seemed to need. Colonel Squier lost about four hundred dollars worth of goods, and Mr. Holmes about three hundred dollars worth. From Mr. Thomas Lindsey one dirt}' thief stole, or forcibly took, twenty-five dollars. After robbing Lindsey. the Butternut asked him if he was a Vallandigham man. Lindsey replied that he was not, but instead was a good Union man. Butternut then proceeded to electioneer for his friend Val., by telling Lindsey that no better man lived anywhere than Vallandigham; that he ought to support him - using a considerable number of arguments to convince Lindsey that it was his duty to vote for that glorious friend of the South and its cause, Vallandigham.

"In and about Cumberland they succeeded in stealing about one hundred good horses. While in town they quartered upon the inhabitants, from whom they insolently demanded food or whatever else they wished. They left Cumberland about eight o'clock in the evening, after perpetrating all the devilment they could, except burning the town and murdering the inhabitants.

"The next place they turned up was at Hartford, in Valley township, which place they retired from without doing any material damage. We did learn that they robbed Mr. George Miller, of Hartford, of one thousand five hundred dollars, but as we have not heard it confirmed, presume it is not so.

"At Senecaville they made a short stay, stole numerous horses, and took the road to Campbell's station. While at Senecaville, we learn that one of the thieves entered a stable belonging to a gentleman of that place, and, with drawn revolver, demanded a horse. The owner, instead of giving him a horse, gave him a blow alongside of his head with a club, which caused Mr. Secesh to give up all intention of dealing in horseflesh for the time being. Said Butternut is now lodged in our jail.

"When the celebrated John was sojourning in Cumberland, a certain Doctor, formerly hailing- from the Hoskinsville region, and of Hoskinsville proclivities, had a horse confiscated by the Morgan thieves. The Doctor remonstrated against the proceeding, and in the bill of exceptions set forth that he had a patient that he must see and that was the only animal he had to ride. Butternut sets forth in his answer that if the said Doctor would give him seventy-five dollars, he would surrender the horse. Whereupon the Doctor forked over the amount, and when John and his thieves retired, the Doctor's horse also retired with a Butternut on his back, and left the Doctor with a

"At Campbell's Station, they burned the warehouse and its contents, belonging to Mr. John Fordyce, after robbing his safe, containing, we learn, about four thousand dollars in money, two thousand dollars of which belonged tn Air. Thomas Frame; also the railroad bridge convenient, and three freight cars loaded with tobacco, cut the telegraph wires and started for Washington. Here they made a grand stand ; threw out their pickets, and prepared for war. We believe they did no damage in Washington, at least we have heard of none, except eating up what provisions the people had on hand, and relieving them of a few horses. At this place, General Shackleton came upon the thief with one thousand Union cavalry, which caused him to skedaddle in doublequick. A smart skirmish ensued at the edge of the town, the rebels firing one volley and running, as usual. In this skirmish, three rebels were wounded, two of whom are since dead and the other expected to die. On the road from Washington to Winchester the rebels made two more stands, each for a few minutes, when they fled. During one of these skirmishes, three rebels were captured. Near Winchester, Colonel Wallace, with a few troops and one piece of artillery, joined General Shackleford.

''The rebels, after the last skirmish, succeeded in getting some distance ahead of our forces, we failing to get in sight of them again in this county.

"It appears, from conversations with eight of Morgan's men, who were captured, ami are now in the county jail here, that the scoundrels despaired of reaching home many days ago, and that they roamed about without any definite object beyond a very slight hope that they might find an unguarded crossing on the Ohio river. They claim to have had plenty to eat, and but little time to eat it, so hard were they constantly pressed by our troops. They made it a point to take every horse they met with that was of any value, and when they stole a horse they generally turned loose some poor tired-out animal. How many horses they stole in this county we cannot possibly say, but as they stole all along the route, they must have picked up a considerable number.

"As John Morgan and his band are now captured, the people can settle down and content themselves with at least a hope that one horse-thieving scoundrel and disturber of the peace of the country, will get his just deserts. 1 f our people don't shoot him for the raid, the rebel authorities will be sure to. if they ever lay hands on him. He has wasted and destroyed, on a fool's errand, the best body of cavalry they had in their service, and all to no purpose in the world. Such a senseless expedition never started since the world

"Rebel raids into loyal states - whether on a great or a small scale - have but one ending, the defeat and utter route of those attempting them. John Morgan ventured this time something out of his usually safe line, and, in crossing the Ohio river, marked his track with foul murders - the killing of peaceful and unoffending citizens. It was but a little while until he found the spirit he had aroused, - the great mistake he had made, - and his fate will be the fate of all such scoundrels who undertake similar expeditions. They are the disgrace of civilization, and the villains will in future be hunted down as men hunt down wild beasts, and when caught, a 'short shrift and a long rope' will be all the compensation these blood-stained wretches will receive at the hands of a justly outraged people. We are told that in one section of this countv they were so very urbane and polite that they quite charmed our people. We, for one, are sick of this accursed cant about 'politeness,' 'chivalry,' etc., this trifling with murder and every black crime. And when we look at the horrors so long carried on with impunity by this vile, black-hearted cut-throat and his land-pirate gang, we cannot say that we would object should the result of the whole matter be a "short shrift and a long rope,' from the friends and relatives of the persons he and his band have so foully murdered, and whose property he has so wantonly destroyed."

Before the raider, Gen. John Morgan, with his rough raiders, reached Ohio, at Harrison, near Cincinnati, on July 14, 1863, Governor Tod had proclaimed martial law in Ohio, and called out the militia. To this call more than fifty thousand responded. These militia were minute men, who were ready to leave their offices, shops and farms at a moment's notice. The militia of the state had been enrolled and officered by companies. The writer had been commissioned a captain, by Governor Tod, to enroll three regiments in Guernsey county. This had been done and the writer was elected colonel of the First Regiment of Guernsey county, and as we remember now, the then editor of The Jeffersonian, McClelland, late of the Barnesville Enterprise, and the present editor of the Guernsey Times, D. D. Taylor, mustered in this regiment, and each carried a cornstalk as well as anybody. We want to record the part that the "Cambridge Scouts,'' a company composed of colonels, captains, lieutenants and high privates, under the immediate command of Col. John Ferguson, late from the seat of war, took in the chase after "Morgan's Rough Raiders," July 15, 1863.

The "Cambridge Scouts," in command of Col. John Ferguson, under orders of Governor Tod, left Cambridge for Chillicothe, taking, at Zanesville, the Cincinnati & Wilmington railroad for Circleville. This company of seventy-five or eighty men reached Circleville sometime after dark, and slept on the soft side of the pavement until morning, experiencing at the outset a taste of grim-visaged war. Here we were breakfasted in squads, at the several hotels. Transportation by wagon was to have been ready here to take us to Chillicothe, but this had not been provided, nor could it be obtained now. for fear Morgan would capture the horses. He was reported near Chillicothe. with three thousand men, heading north, closely pursued by General Hobson, With the Union 'forces and militia. Our place of rendezvous was Chillicothe, where we were to be armed and equipped for war. A heavilyloaded canal boat, bound south, came along, the captain was coerced, and the company took the upper deck. All day long, amid the hot July sun, we boarded the perils of "the raging canal," as the ciy ever and anon was heard, "low bridge," when we had to flatten out to keep from being scraped off, and drowned in the green scum of the Ohio canal. Arriving at Chillicothe a little after nightfall, we found the men, women and children fleeing for their lives. We were told that Morgan was coming, and that Paint creek bridge had been burned to stop his progress. We debarked from the boat and formed company on the towpath, and marched in quick step through the city, to the railroad running south to Hampden, where the militia had formed in line to receive arms, and fell into the line. All was darkness and confusion, not a light shone from any house, all places of business were closed, valuables were being carried away or secreted. The arms 'were being slowly given out. and, to make "confusion worse confounded," a report came that Morgan had cut the railroad near Hampden and was sweeping everything before him. Hundreds of men took arms, and strapped their cartridge boxes around them, who perhaps never before had had a gun in their hands, and moved off down the railroad, falling over the crossties and themselves, and on every hand was heard the cry. "You fool, you keep off my heels." By the time our company moved down to the place of armament, the arms were exhausted, and we were given the freedom of the city, with orders to report at the place of armament in the morning, as more arms were to be sent down from Columbus. We had had no supper, and the quarters assigned was the market house, which was already jammed. As we were marching up through the city, we had seen a small show tent pitched on a vacant lot. We marched to it, determined to make it our quarters for the night. After some parley with the proprietor, we were allowed to march in, and for one night we "tented on the old camp ground," but not to sleep, as the boys kept up the rallying song, "We'll Rally 'round the Flag" and "Way Down in Dixie Land."

In the morning we were marched to the market house, where rations had been provided of sandwiches and coffee, to which we did ample justice, not having had anything to eat since the previous morning. Anxious to see Paint creek, and the remains of the bridge destroyed to prevent Morgan's crossing into the city, we walked down and found a good ford, which was traveled at low tide, and in summer preferred to crossing the bridge. Its destruction was one of the exciting freaks of the war, and the alarm that gave rise to its destruction was the coming of a funeral procession, with solemn tramp, all oblivious of the threatened danger of the beleaguered city. For years this bridge was not rebuilt, the commissioners of Ross county claiming that the state or the person in command, whose foolhardiness caused its destruction, should rebuild it. All day long we moved about the doomed city, awaiting arms and further orders. By even-one came rumors, that Morgan had cut his way through the main force and was pushing northward. The streets were deserted, except by the militia and a few of the citizens. No women were to be seen, the blinds of the windows were down, and death-like solemnity reigned supreme. Late in the afternoon a dispatch came that Morgan was at Portland above Pomeroy, making for Buffington's Island, where he would make an effort to cross the Ohio. We were ordered home, and late at night, we boarded a canal boat, loaded with baled hay, which we took for Circleville, making our beds on the bales of hay. The boys improvised songs with a chorus, "As We go Sailing on the Raging Canal." When we arrived at Circleville the next day. the siege of Chillicothe being raised, and the imminent danger being passed, we were not so hospitably treated as we were going to the front, but had to forage for our dinners as best we could. Again taking the cars for Cambridge, we arrived late at night, after four days' service in "grim visaged war." As we marched up street, the boys sang. "Johnny's Come Home from the War."

"The Ohio militia were more numerous and aggressive than those of Indiana. We had frequent skirmishes with them daily, and although hundreds were captured, they assumed operations as soon as turned loose. What excited in us more astonishment than all else we saw were the crowds of ablebodied men. The contrast with the South, drained of adult males to recruit her armies, was striking and suggestive of anything but confidence on our part in the result of the struggle.

"When a thirsty cavalryman rode up to a house to inquire for buttermilk, he was generally met by a buxom dame with a half dozen or more children 'peeping out from the voluminous skirts, who, in response to a question about the 'old man' would say : 'The men have all gone to a rally; you'll see them soon enough.'

"In Ohio, on more than one occasion, we found pies in deserted houses, hot from the oven, displayed on tables conveniently spread. The first time I witnessed this kind of hospitality was when I rode up to a house where a party of men were standing around a table furnished as I have described, eying the pies hungrily, but showing no disposition to trouble them. I asked in astonishment why they were so abstinent. One of them replied that they feared the pies were poisoned. I was quite sure, to the contrary, that they were intended as a propitiatory offering. I have always been fond of pies - these were of luscious apples, Swank orchard, so I bade the spokesman hand me one of the largest and proceeded to eat it. The men watched vigilantly for two or three minutes, and then, as I seemed much better after my repast, they took hold ravenously.

"Morgan had thoroughly planned the raid before he marched from Tennessee. He proposed at no time to be far from the Ohio river, so that he might avail himself of an opportunity to recross. On reaching the borders of Pennsylvania, he intended, if General Lee should be in the state, to make every effort to join him ; failing in that, to make his escape through West Virginia.

"At Piketown we learned that Vicksburg had fallen, and that General Lee, having been repulsed at Gettysburg, had returned across the Potomac. Under the circumstances this information was peculiarly disheartening."

"Columbus, Ohio, July 22, 1863. "I think Morgan crossed the Muskingum this morning, near the south line of Noble county. Send messengers into Noble county to call out the people to obstruct the roads to the Ohio river. Be on the alert yourselves, for he may take north. "D. Tod, Governor."

A company was quickly raised and mounted, armed with rifles, pistols, shotguns and old muskets, and placed under the command of Col. John Ferguson, in the evening on the scout into Noble county. The company numbered sixty or seventy, and was increased on the march to perhaps one hundred men. We arrived at Cumberland, Guernsey county, about ten o'clock at night, and after a stop for a short time, pushed on into Noble county, to lliramsburgh and Hoskinsville. Here a halt was made until daylight. A squad of four men in charge of the writer was ordered to McConnelsville to learn of Morgan's whereabouts. As near as we now remember, this squad was Elza Turner, J. R. Downar, George Frazier and another not remembered. We arrived at McConnelsville about noon. But long before we got there, we met men, women ami children fleeing from the town, giving us the information that Morgan was crossing at Eaglesport, and that "we had better turn back, or he would take us." We told them that "we were hunting for Morgan, and were going to take him dead or alive."

We galloped on into the town, and found all excitement and confusion and the citizens in a state of terror. There seemed to be no organization of militia, or anything that looked like fight, but some women scraping lint and preparing bandages. We stayed long enough to learn that Morgan was passing around the town, then we started back to report to the command. On our way back we could hear of Morgan on another road, and we were, in fact, in his front for some time. When we got back to the command it had moved off without leaving word where. We determined to go to Cumberland.

It was now very dark, and after nightfall we pushed on as best we could, often taking the wrong road, having to dismount and examine for the road. After a time we came upon the command, which had halted on account of the darkness. We gave them our news, the first they had had concerning Morgan. We were now near Cumberland, and not knowing Morgan's direction, we parleyed for a time as to what course we should take. It was finally decided that a squad of picked men, under Lieutenant Squiers, should go forward to learn more of Morgan. The writer was one of the number. We moved on with caution in the darkness toward Cumberland. After advancing a few miles, we met some men carrying bridles and saddles. They told us that Morgan's raiders were in Cumberland, that their horses had been taken, and they themselves detained as prisoners for a time. They said that Morgan's pickets were down at the bridge, but a short distance back. Our lieutenant proposed to the squad that we hide our arms and go down to the pickets, claiming to be farmers on our way to Cumberland to see Morgan, but the squad did not propose to give up their horses to Morgan, but pro- posed to go forward and run in the pickets. This the lieutenant objected to. and standing on our arms, sent back for the command to come up. Whilst waiting, we could hear Morgan's raiders reveling on the good things of the people. The town was well sacked. The pickets were soon called in. and, the command coming up. we galloped into the town by one road, Hobson and Shackleford on another. The command of Morgan were not yet all through with their pillage. We managed to take two prisoners, whom we sent under guard to Cambridge. Morgan pushed on toward Hartford, trying to burn the bridge over the creek behind him. But the pursuers were too close, and the fire was soon extinguished. One hundred well-armed men in Morgan's front, anywhere between Eaglesport and the Central Ohio railroad could have held him in check long enough to have been taken by the pursuing forces. This day, July 24th. was spent between Cumberland and Winchester, passing through Hartford, Senecaville, and at Campbell's Station checked for a time by the burning of the bridge by Morgan over Leatherwood creek and the station house. Morgan halted at Washington long enough to dine off its citizens. The town was picketed on the east and west. How well it was done the "heroes of Hyde's Hill" may in the future write up its history. Morgan's pickets on the south were driven in by Hobson's advance, and the whole column of raiders got out of Washington, helter-skelter, toward the north, making a stand over the hill, which is known in the history of this raid as the "battle of Washington." In this battle four of Morgan's men were killed or mortally wounded, and several prisoners taken. Another stand \vas made at Saltfork bridge, where the entire pursuing force was checked until dark, reaching Winchester in the night, where a long halt was made, as Morgan made a feint of going toward Birmingham, with a part of his command, but took again the Antrim road, the whole column joining again at Antrim. There had been a heavy rain in the afternoon, and it was still raining. All was darkness and confusion. The fanners were coming in to hear the news, and a general exchange of horses was going on. A detachment of troops sent down from Cambridge by wagon were being mounted as fast as horses could be conscripted. This night's ride from Winchester to Moorefield told upon pursued and pursuers. The men were drenched to the skin, saddles and blankets wet and heavy, road muddy and slippery, horses jaded and hungry, many fell by the wayside and the troopers left to plod along carrying saddle and bridle, until a horse could be captured. The pursuing forces moved on slowly through Antrim, Londonderry, and on to Smyrna. Here a halt was made to examine the road, as it was reported that Morgan's forces had taken the Freeport road. At Londonderry, the Writer was suffering severe pain in stomach and bowels. He roused up an old friend and former fellow-citizen, Doctor John McCall, who prepared us medicine that relieved our pain and sent us on our way rejoicing. And this ought to be a good enough record, when in the future a grateful state shall pension her gallant sons, who threw down the implement of peace and flew to amis and horses to chase the marauders from her sacred soil. Before reaching Stillwater creek, we could see the flashes of light that told that Morgan had burned the bridge behind him. It was now two o'clock - rain pouring down, thunder and lightning adding their dashing light and rumbling roaring as on we galloped.

He fore coming to the burning bridge, a part of the command, having a battery of two guns, made a detour up the creek to a bridge to cross over. The rest moved on down the bottom and began crossing below the burning bridge. To make this ford was dangerous and at the same time amusing. Crossing by twos, plouting into the mud and water up to the saddle skirts, plunging through, and hallooing back to those in the rear, "over" : then a steep, slippery bank had to be climbed to reach the road. This being gained, the word came back, "up." After all were over a halt was made to await the action of the party that made the crossing farther up the creek, and the entire command laid down to rest on the roadside. Here for the first time we lay down to sleep since leaving Cambridge, having confidence enough in our tired, jaded horses, that they would stand by and not tramp on the tired, watersoaked troopers.

When the bugle sounded the march, the sun was just peeping out clear and bright in the eastern horizon, and as we felt the warm, drying rays, men and horses seemed to make obeisance to the "God of Day." Our horses had nipped the grass in the fence corners and barked the rails, and were ready to gallop on. Of this day's ride of seventy-two miles from sun-up to sun-down, and the capture on the next, it is our purpose to tell in the following account.

So far the pursuit was a chase. The pursued had the advantage of the fresh horses on the line, but now Morgan was to meet opposing forces in front and flank and rear, and to use a fox-chase term, the pursuers had come to the "last straw line," and the fox is in the square.

"On Friday last, 24th, six hundred and seventy of the marauders took possession of this town. The writer conversed freely with Morgan himself and with several members of his staff. They said that the Unionists were far more cruel and destructive than they, and that one object in coming across Ohio was to give us a taste of what the South had for years seen and suffered from our armies. Such a raid has never been known before. It is more than a thousand miles long from its first start in Tennessee, marked by a line of green graves - and the grandest horse exchange ever witnessed. Morgan's band stole (so Lieut. Thomas J. Morgan, John's cousin, told me) on an average three hundred horses a day."

(From the Jeffersonian of February 5, 1891.) This day, Saturday, July 25, 1863, Morgan began to play the leading card on the military board. To make a crossing of the Ohio river was the desired goal. As we passed through Moorefield in the early morning, the hogs and chickens were feasting on the remains of corn and oats left by Morgan's horses, where they had been fed in a long line on Main street. The men had breakfasted off the citizens. So that our inquiry for something to eat was answered by, "Morgan has just eat us out." Morgan usually halted twice during the day to feed men and horses, choosing generally the small towns. The pursuing forces got what they could in feed and provisions at points between where Morgan had made his stops. These halts were made when the Union forces were farthest in the rear. The time for rest at Moorefield was gained by the burning of the bridge already detailed. Before reaching Cadiz, the pursued left the grade road, passing south of Cadiz through Harrisville. Here the rear guard made for a time a very determined stand, and General Hobson brought to bear upon them a light field battery, which had the effect of breaking their lines. All along as 'we neared the high river bluffs we could see the column winding up the hills or coursing along the ridges, headed by Morgan in his buggy drawn by two spirited Kentucky horses. At Georgetown another stand was made by the whole column, under the direction of Morgan himself. The different moves made for a position seemed to indicate to the writer that here the final battle and capture was to take place.

Morgan's forces were partly protected in a stretch of woods. Hobson opened fire from the field battery and endeavored to flank him on his course to the river, but again Morgan moved off with the main column, leaving the rear guard to hold in check the Union forces. This rear guard was in command of Captain Himes, mounted upon the best horses that could be picked up along the line of the raid, its object being not only to hold in check the pursuers, but to prevent any straggling of the main column and their capture. Morgan made three desperate attempts to gain the river during the day, and being headed off, dashed back again in the hills, [n these dashes he passed through New Athens and Smithfield. It was an up-and-down-hill chase from valley to valley, which told severely on both men and horses. The citizens were now fully aroused, Morgan's raiders were in their midst, and the pursuing forces were being increased by mounted militiamen joining the column. As we galloped down Short creek, we passed a lone militiaman, carrying an old flintlock musket at "right shoulder shift." lie had on his old military suit, bearing the old white braided herring-bone chevron of the old army of long ago, in which he had paraded, no doubt, as a member of Captain Beebe's company. lie mined along with a light, elastic step, thinking of the long past training days, when he fought the "mimic fray." But he was soon lost to sight. It was this spirit of patriotic devotion, this readiness to fly to arms that made the raid of Morgan, hold as it was, fruitless in the result.

Morgan's force struck the Steubenville grade road at right angle, west of Winterville. Here, in order to get north around Steubenville, as he was making for Smith's Ferry, there being no direct road north, without turning west or to the east through Winterville, lie parleyed for a time and was overtaken by Hobson's advance and a sharp skirmish ensued. It was said that several were killed, but we saw no dead but horses.

A young lady. Miss Dougherty, at the Maxwell house, in the line of direction of fire, was struck by a ball which passed around her body, passing out and into the wall, making a large indenture. It was reported that she was killed, but she recovered. Mrs. Arnold, of this place, was well acquainted with this young lady, and verifies these statements. The report given in the January ( 1891 ) Century is not correct as to. the killed, or as to the time of the skirmish. A Michigan soldier was wounded and afterward died.

Morgan took the road east through Winterville, his rear guard holding the Union forces in check long enough for the advance to do some pillaging. At Winterville there was a company of mounted militia, who fled helterskelter through the town, crying, "Morgan is coming, he's down at Hanna's," and whether they were stopped by the Ohio river or fled over into West Virginia we don't know". It was evident they had met Morgan and were satisfied. The women of Winterville fled to the minister's home, and held a prayer meeting, and the men who had all the day long marched and countermarched through the streets with "plumes and banners gay," when the crywas heard that Morgan was coming, "marched, marched away," and took refuge in an oat field nearby. When Morgan was well on his way to Hammonsville, and the Union forces came up, the sun sinking behind the western hills, there was a resurrection from the oat field, "nor lost a single man."

Colonel Collier, of Steubenville, gathered up enough of the frightened militia to man and plant a cannon on the hill, and let drive at the Union forces. General Shackle ford sent up an officer to learn who "them fools were shooting at." The fleeing mounted militia, "when they got to Steubenville, said they had met and turned Morgan, and that he was "on to Richmond," and the city was saved. We took the road to Hammonsville and Richmond. a night's ride in the darkness. Some time in the night we were cut off from the main forces by taking the wrong road, but we pushed on, not knowing where. We were lost, and our situation became more perilous as we advanced, as we might encounter Morgan or we might meet the Union forces. We called a halt until daylight. Then we went forward again, finding that we had passed west of both Hammonsville and Richmond, and were some miles from the main forces. Between nine and ten o'clock we learned that Morgan was captured and his men prisoners. This we accepted as true, and, after resting a while on the roadside, we "about faced" for home, and struck the grade road west of Winterville, and went into camp in a grove, where we quietly rested, as it was the Sabbath.

The first report of the capture proved to be only a part. Morgan was rot himself captured until that afternoon. Here we rested, rejoicing that the battle had been fought, and the capture made. This Sabbath's rest was enjoyed by both men and horses. We had plenty of sheaf oats for the horses, and plenty of food for the men, procured either by buying or by forage. So we quietly feasted and rested, until well in the day on Monday, when we broke camp, and took the road for Cadiz. In conclusion, let us sum up the events of the raid.

At the Maxwell House, "the cross roads hotel," we went in to see the young lady, Miss Dougherty, who was a victim of the raid, as described in the preceding account. Here we could more clearly see the evidence of the skirmish of Saturday. The fences were torn down, where the cavalry had charged through the fields, disabled and abandoned horses were nipping the grass by the roadside, and the dead horses remained unburied. From the Maxwell House to Cadiz, no signs of the raid were to be seen. But many of the citizens had taken time by the forelock, and hid away their horses, which they were now bringing in, all rejoicing that Morgan was captured and the raid at an end. At Cadiz we were entertained by the citizens in a very hospitable manner. The writer, with others from Cambridge, was entertained by our old school teacher and former citizen of Cambridge, and editor of the Guernsey Times, Richard Hatton, father of the Hon. Frank Hatton. Here we all enjoyed the pleasure of a "bivouac" on the parlor carpet, and slept the "sleep of the brave." Mrs. Hatton afforded us the best supper and breakfast that could be set up on the unexpected coming of a hungry squad, to which we did ample justice, and now at this late day we feel, as then, thankful for her generous hospitality. The people of Cadiz did not feel at all snubbed that Morgan had passed them by on the other side. A few miles west of Cadi/ we again struck the line of the raid, and on every hand we saw its effect, and heard the tales of wanton destruction of property, not only by Morgan's forces, but the Union forces as well. War means extravagance and destruction.

Near to Londonderry we met Moses Sarchet and Stephen Potts, Esq., who, under appointment of Governor Tod, were out on the line of the raid, in Guernsey county, looking up the abandoned property, and having it cared for, as well as assuring the people that their damages, of whatever character, would lie paid. Governor Tod, while a war governor, looked well after the interests of the state and her citizens. YVe arrived home on Tuesday evening, and were received with joyous enthusiasm by the citizens of Cambridge.

"There were very good' reasons, independent of the provost guard, why the men should not straggle far from the line of march ; but the w^ell filled stores and gaudy shop windows of the Indiana and Ohio towns seemed to stimulate, in men accustomed to impoverished and unpretentious Dixie, the propensitv to appropriate without limit or restraint. I had never before seen anything like this disposition to plunder. Our perilous situation only seemed to make the men more reckless. At the same time, anything more ludicrous than the manner in which they indulged their predatory tasks can scarcely be imagined. The weather was intensely warm, yet one man rode for three days with seven pairs of skates slung about his neck; another loaded himself with sleigh-bells. A large chafing dish, a Dutch clock, a chandelier and a bird cage, containing three canaries, were some of the articles I saw borne off and jealously fondled. Baby shoes and calico were, however, staple articles. A fellow would procure a bolt of calico, carry it carefully for a day or two, then cast it aside and get another."

"The expedition was of immediate benefit, since a part of the forces which would otherwise have harassed Bragg's retreat and swollen Rosecrans' muster roll at Chickamauga. were carried by the pursuit of Morgan so far northward that they were kept from participating in that battle."

"And thus ended the greatest of Morgan's raids. By it, Bragg lost a fine large division of cavalry, that, if added to Buckner's forces, might have defeated Burnside; or, if thrown across Rosecrans' flank, or long line of supplv and communication, might have baffled Rosecrans altogether."

The immediate result of the raid was further to fire the Northern heart. The President had just issued a call for three hundred thousand more troops and an enrollment had been made for a draft, if quotas were not filled by volunteers. This raid stimulated volunteering, and by the time the draft was ordered in Ohio, most of the counties had filled their quotas. We have never seen a report of the full loss sustained by the citizens of Guernsey county, by this raid, as reported from time to time to the commission having the different classes of claims for adjustment, but they are now all paid.

Almost a new generation of people have come upon the stage of action since Morgan's rough raiders galloped through Guernsey, and the most of the "Cambridge Scouts" have passed their three score years, and "one by one are falling away, like leaves before the autumn wind."

The Spanish-American War

When war was declared against Spain, by President McKinley. in the spring of 1898, after the sinking of the battleship "Maine," men were wanted to enter the government's service for that war. As a rule, the state militia companies were largely used for that purpose.

The local newspapers of Cambridge had several stirring articles on the war and one item, throwing light on the first real action here, reads as follows :

"The first patriotic demonstration for war against Spain was made by the citizens of Cambridge on last Friday evening. About seven o'clock Adam Broom's drum corps, headed by the United States flag, and followed by an enthusiastic crowd, inarched up street to the Mc. and Mc. store, where young men recruit under H. F. McDonald. Stirring war speeches were made by Mayor Luccock and others to a large crowd of interested citizens, after which a number of young men signed the recruiting pledge. The recruits, old veterans and citizens, then marched down street to blood-stirring martial music."

Owing to the fact that there was no regular National Guard company within Guernsey county when this last war broke out. there were but few men who went from the county, save a few who served as members of the regular army.

The Cambridge Soldiers' Monument

Tuesday, June 9, 1903, will be remembered as an eventful day in the history of Guernsey county as long as any now living shall survive, and it will be a tradition as long as the monument of granite endures. The weather clerk had promised fair weather, and came very near to filling the bill, except that during the noon recess there were showers, which cooled the atmosphere and gave an enjoyable after part of the day and a glorious evening.

Early in the morning all Cambridge was astir, and soon the crowd came from every quarter of the county as for a holiday of great sacredness of interest.

There was no parade on the program, nor band show. The Electric Park or Consolidated Band and the Winchester Drum Corps, with Superintendent Cronebaugh and Professor LaChat's High School Glee Club, gave the best of music, timed as directed, alternating .with the addresses.

A little after nine thirty o'clock Editor David D. Taylor, chairman of the board of trustees of the Guernsey County Monumental Association, called the crowd at the Public Square to order and asked the people to stand silently while Rev. Dr. McFarland made the invocation. Mr. Taylor also presented Hon. Milton Turner to preside over the further exercises of the day, as chairman of the building trustees appointed by the county commissioners. Mr. Turner was greeted with applause, and spoke as follows : ago a movement was started to build a soldiers' monument by subscription. A charter was taken out, and an association formed under the name of the Guernsey County Monumental Association. Fifteen thousand fine lithographed life membership certificates were procured and a regular campaign opened up by holding meetings in each township of the county. The constitution provided that any man, woman or child, white or colored, could become a lifetime voting member upon the payment of one dollar. A vicepresident was appointed in each township, and a book of blank certificates left in his hands to be sold to all who wished to become members. After the expiration of two years the books were called in, and did not show sufficient receipts to pay the expenses of the campaigns, so the project was abandoned and we went into the show business. A hall was fitted up in one of Colonel Taylor's buildings, and a series of entertainments were given during the winter by the ladies and gentlemen of the association. Star actors appeared on the stage in the persons of Hon. D. D. Taylor, Alfred Weedon, A. K. Broom, Capt. A. A. Taylor, J. C. Carver, and H. F. McDonald, supported by a strong coterie of the best ladies of the town. The public was entertained once or twice a week with a good performance for the sum of ten cents. Money accumulated slowly but surely, and the property man reported an accumulation of over four hundred dollars in paraphernalia, pictures, etc. But, alas, the dread fire fiend in the dead hours of the night stole upon us, and reduced the amphitheater to ashes. For six long years the movement lay dormant, until the monumental association again arose, Phoenix-like, and applied to the Legislature for a special act authorizing the county commissioners to levy a tax in the sum of fifteen thousand dollars. The bill was pushed through the House by the Hon. W. L. Simpson, and Hon. J. E. Hurst did not let it stick in the Senate. The county commissioners acted promptly under its provisions and appointed three members of a building committee and the monumental trustees appointed three, as was also provided for in the act."

The building committee are, in addition to Milton Turner, president ; I. A. Oldham, secretary; A. A. Taylor, treasurer; J. O. Mcllyar, A. K. Broom and Thomas Smith, and their names are carved on the monument in the rear of the figure of the cavalryman, underneath the "Erected by the Monumental Association and Commissioners of Guernsey County, 1903."

In the midst of the reading by Mr. Turner, the monument was unveiled by himself and little granddaughter, Ruth McMahon, amidst the plaudits of the people. There was a hitch in the proceeding, but the veil yielded to some stout pulling, and the Glee Club sang the "Soldiers' Chorus."

The response of the county commissioners accepting the monument was by II. W. Luccock, in his usual neat and eloquent manner. There followed a beautiful medley of national airs by the band, after which Gen. R. B. Brown, of Zanesville, made an impressive address. After further singing and music by the band and drum corps, there was a recess until two o'clock. The following is a brief account of the afternoon exercises:

Hon. Ralph D. Cole, of Findlay, the star orator of the last two Legislatures, made the oration of the afternoon. Senator Hurst telegraphed from Xew Philadelphia that he could not come. Freeman T. Eagleson was introduced by Mr. Turner as the next representative -from Guernsey county. This sentiment, as well as his magnificent speech, was cheered to the echo. There followed speeches by Hon. W. L. Simpson, John L. Locke, and, in closing. Editor D. D. Taylor made an address. After more music, and a few remarks by Chairman Turner, Rev. Pope pronounced the benediction.

The soldiers buried in the old graveyard, as near as we can now remember, are : Of the Revolutionary war, Capt. Thomas Cook, Capt. James Jack, Thomas Lawrence, John Linn, Robert Moffett, Christopher Donover, Sr., and Robert Chambers; of the war of 1812, Maj. James Dunlap, Capt. James Harding, Capt. Cyrus P. Beatty, Lieut. Wyatt Hutchison, Lieut. David Burt, Privates John Hutchison, James Turner, Andrew McConehay, Andrew Marshall, James Kelley, Joseph Lofland, William Talbott, Rodney Talbott, Peter Stears, Peter Torode, John Bollen, John McKee, James Thomas and Christopher Donover, Jr., and of the Mexican war-, John Clark.

Joseph Lofland was a soldier in the regiment of Col. Jonathan Meigs and was with the army of the Northwest when it was surrendered to the British at Detroit by Gen. Joseph Hull.

From the number of names we have given as buried in the old graveyard, which is perhaps imperfect, it will be seen that that neglected two acres contain as many soldiers' graves in proportion to area as does the city cemetery. It is a graveyard filled with the graves of heroes, heroes of the wars that gave liberty to the struggling colonies and the heroes who endured all the dangers incident to the pioneer settlement; heroes all; let the dust of their shrines be the Mecca of the future city of Cambridge.

And besides the soldiers we have named there are buried in it : John Ferguson, one of the Irish Rebels of 1790; Francis Donsouchett, a soldier of the French arm}' of the First Napoleon, and all of the pioneer settlers, the Gombers, Beattys, Sarchets, Tingles, Hollers, Bichards, Lenfestys, Huberts, McClenahans, Talbotts, Bells, Hutchinsons, Halleys, Stewarts and others.

Grand Army Of The Republic

The Grand Army of the Republic, which was formed all over the Northern states a few years after the Civil war, was early in the field in Guernsey county, and had various posts organized, but with the passing of these more than forty-five years since that conflict closed, the soldiers have died in such great numbers that only a few posts are in existence today, and the most of the fraternal interest is now centered at Cambridge, where the Cambridge Post was formed in the late seventies, went down and was reorganized in February', 1884, as Post No. 343. It now has a membership of about one hundred and fifty, but of this number only ninety-seven are in good standing.

The 1910 officers are: Commander, Alfred Weeden; senior vice-commander, D. T. Jeffries; junior vice-commander, George H. Stottlemire; chaplain, Dr. F. A. Brown; quartermaster, D. W. Nossett; surgeon, Stewart Harris; officer of the day, Joseph McGill; officer of the guard, James Alba'ugh; adjutant, John Hamilton; quartermaster sergeant, C. F. Camp; sergeant-major, William Priaulx.

The past commanders include these : Charles L. Campbell, Hugh Mc- Donald, A. A. Taylor, Alfred Weeden, Henry Coffman, Robert Hammond, W. H. C. Hanna, J. C. Carver, R. H. Dilley, D. T. Jeffries and B. S. Herring. The deceased of this number are Messrs. Taylor, Coffman, Hammond and Herring.

At the old Cambridge cemetery there is a soldiers' square in which the annual Memorial services are held. In 1905 the Woman's Relief Corps caused to be erected a handsome monument dedicated to the "Unknown Dead." It is about twenty feet in height and properly inscribed.

William Reed was one of the soldiers from Guernsey county who participated in the famous battle on Lake Erie, in which Commodore Perry was hero, and in the fine oil painting of that lake engagement, now gracing the rotunda of the State House, at Columbus, the figure of the man manfully plying an oar, while his face was tied up with a handkerchief, with blood running down over him. is none other than this man, William Reed, of this county.