Guernsey County, Ohio - Chapter 18: The City of Cambridge, 1911

Chapter 18: The City of Cambridge

Cambridge, the county scat of Guernsey count}', derived its name from Cambridge in Maryland, from whence came many settlers in [808. The buildings of the present city reflect the enterprise and plans of its citizens and property owners. There are today more than five square miles (if territory within its limits and it has a population of about fifteen thousand, largely American and English-speaking people. The good, modern class of business houses, factories, churches, schools and residences bespeak of thrift, taste and wealth. Modern Cambridge, from a municipal standpoint, is the direct outgrowth of splendid natural advantages, supplemented by an untiring effort of progressive business men. The coal mines in the immediate vicinity employ upwards of four thousand five hundred men, who are paid good wages, while the mills, factories and railroad shops employ fully twenty-five hundred more. The city draws a retail trade from a radius of twenty miles and in this territory reside almost fifty thousand people.

Its location is fifty-six miles from Wheeling and eighty-five from Columbus, and its original plat is located in township 2, range 3. The place was platted by Jacob Gomber and Zaccheus A. Beatty, June 2. 1806. The first houses were made from logs of the forests which were a part of the tract of land upon which the new town was surveyed by the pioneer fathers. Among the first of these rude, but quite comfortable houses was that of the Sarchets. erected in 1807. and in which was kept the first store. In it was organized the first church society ( the First Methodist Episcopal) and in it was preached the first funeral sermon. Its exact location was on the northeast corner of Wheeling avenue and Seventh streets. It remained standing until recent years and is now superseded by a good business house.

In a March number of the Cambridge Herald, in 18SS, the author gave the history of what he termed "The Oldest House Tn Town." in the following language: nue, now being taken down, is a relic of the past. The old logs are a reminder of the days when the present site of Cambridge was a forest of timber, tall oaks and poplar, which had stood the blasts of many a western wind, covered the landscape, telling to pioneers the richness of the soil. In those early days the more and larger the timber, the more desirable the land. As we looked today at this old structure, logs of oak and poplar, hewed to a line with corners notched square and plumb, we were led to think of the boldness and hardihood of those pioneers who entered the wilderness to hew out these ponderous structures. This age would not be equal to the task. This house was built by Judge George Metcalf, and was the second house built on the town plat. The old John Beatty house, which stood on a lot now part of the Taylor block, and was destroyed by fire some years ago, was the first. AYhat year this house was built is not certainly known, but it was just a new structure in 1806. when Thomas Sarchet settled in Cambridge. Built as it was on the top of the hill, it was first two stories. It was built for a tavern and was located on wdiat was intended to be the main street of Cambridge. But at the time of its building, the principal thoroughfare, the Zane trace, passed north of it. When the National road wras graded through the hill, the cut, still shown on the south, was much higher on the north side, and left the house high up on the bank. This was in the year 1826. We may say that for twenty-two years it was a two-story tavern. Judge Metcalf made the excavation under the house and built in the under story, having it completed with the completion of the National road through Cambridge in 1828, and from that time continued the tavern in the three-story house, being the first three-story house in Cambridge, and he continued to occupy it as a tavern up to 1843. The name of the house has always been the Mansion House. Judge Metcalf was followed by a Mrs. Greer, and she by George Hawn. These occupied it but a few years, and it has since been a general tenement house for more than thirty years.

Judge Metcalf's taven had a reputation far and wide. Man}- were the horsemen who would, on their journeys, strive to make Metcalf's to stay over night or for dinner. And the jolly stage passengers were more jolly after having dined at the Judge's. We might fill pages telling of the balls, quiltings and wool pickings, where ''joy was unconfined," within the lo»- walls of this old house, when there was no "high crust" or "low crust," but "men were men for a' that," and women too, "though clad in hodden grey and a' that." In the rear of this old house was a beautiful grass plat, well shaded, where in the summer time the table was spread, and art and nature vied with each other to make dinner or supper hour a Feasl which the gods might envy.

In [812, the first company raised in Guernse) count) For the war, commanded by Cyrus P. Beatty, were given here a free dinner, and later on this grass plat, on great occasions, general muster or first court day, would be lilled with tallies, and the clanking of knives and forks and dishes told full well that good cheer and happiness surrounded the board.

Old house. In the fall of the year [837, a horseman named Levi Morgan stayed over night, and was furnished a room in the third store. In the morning he was found lying dead on the pavement. It was supposed, the window being up, that he had rolled out. There was nothing among his effects to show where he came from. I lis horse, saddle and bridle, and what little money he had, was used for the expense of his burial, and for a stone to mark his grave, which reads:

Levi Morgan Early History, Settlers, Etc

All classes of the mechanical arts essential to the wants in starting a town in the backwoods were represented among the first settlers - carpenters, wagonmakers, blacksmiths, cabinetmakers, shoemakers and weavers. To build a cabin was but the work of a day. Many accounts are given where the timber was taken from the stump, the cabin raised, roofed and floored, with puncheons, and a regular "housewarming" had at night in the way of "tripping the light, fantastic toe."

The first hotel opened to the public in the town proper was by George R. Tingle, in a part of the old house still occupied by the Tingles, Travelers were notified that it was a house of security and safety, by the sign of the cross keys. A little later George Metcalf opened the Mansion House, now the Sidle House, then a one-story building, and Captain

Knowls opened the "Traveler's Rest," in the old log house that stood on the Webster lot. At the close of the war of 1812 and for years after, Cambridge could boast of six hotels in good running order, with open bars where whisky was sold at three cents a drink.

The first store was opened by John and Thomas Sarchet, in the room now occupied by T. C. Marsh for a cigar and tobacco store, in which was retailed dry goods, groceries and the regular "old hardware" by the gallon.

The first brick house was built by John Sarchet, on the Shoufield corner; the second, front of the Fordyce house, by Jacob Gomber. The sawed lumber used in construction of the first house was whipsawed by two Scotchmen, named Landy and Miller, who had a mill erected 011 the Presbyterian church lot, where lumber was sawed to order.

The Whipping Post In Cambridge

The first session of the common pleas court of Guernsey county, held in the new court house, was the August term, 1816. The journal reads: "The court of common pleas was held in the court house in Cambridge, Guernsey county, Ohio. Present: Hon. William Wilson, presiding judge: Jacob Gomber, Robert Spears and Thomas B. Kirkpatrick, associate judges. The first jury case called was: The State of Ohio vs. Samuel Timmins, indicted for uttering base coin. The following jury was called: James Thompson, John Tedrick, James Bratton, William Pollock. William Allen, Hugh Martin, Jesse Marsh, Thomas Roberts. Andrew McClary, George McCleary, John Huff and James Lloyd." Samuel Timmons was found guilty in the case for the same offense, and was sentenced by the court to receive, in one case, nineteen lashes on his bare back, and in the other case, twenty lashes. He was whipped on two different days. On the first day nineteen lashes and on the next day twenty lashes. This was a case of speedy execution. There was no motion for stay of execution or arrest of judgment. Elijah Dyson. sheriff, did the whipping. It was done in the presence of the grand jurors who found the indictments and of the jurors who found him guilty, and others who were in attendance at court and citizens of the town. 1'he whipping was in public. A large oak tree, perhaps two feet in diameter, that stood near where the large elm now stands on the southwest corner of the square, had been shattered by a windstorm from the wist. It was broken square off apast the centre some eight or ten feet from the ground and slivered down to the ground on the east side. This stump had stood there for many years until the hark was off it. Its west side was smooth. The prisoner was stripped down to below the waist. Then he was tied by the arms around the stump with a cord and also with a curd around his legs and around the stump. It was said that the lashes were well laid on and that the blood flowed at every cut. This old stump was used as a hitching post within the memory of the writer. Certainly at this day this would seem brutal and inhuman, yet brutality may be protected. This was the only case of whipping in this county. Judge Wilson was known throughout his district as the "Whipping Judge."

There was introduced at the beginning of the present (1906) Legislature a bill to re-establish the whipping post for the punishment of certain minor crimes. The whipping post law under the old constitution of ( )hio was repealed by the Legislature of 1829-30. Gen. James M. Bell, Esq., was the representative from Guernsey county and the speaker of (he House. He opposed the repeal of the law. and in a speech favoring lis continuance, gave substantially the same reasons as did President Roosevelt in his message to the present (1906) Congress, advocating a whipping post law for the punishment of minor offenses.

Early Deeds Made

All about was a wilderness. The Sarchets were the first purchasers of lots in the town, and, after the Beatty house, built the first cabin on the town plat. The second Guernsey settlers came to Cambridge in Tune, 1807. The deeds were all made to Guernsey settlers, except one to William Marsh. The deeds to out-lots were not made until the county was formed in 1810. In the fall of 1807 the settlement had grown to the proportions of a hamlet, consisting of log cabins, located along the main thoroughfare, now Wheeling avenue, as follows, and all inhabited by a sturdy people: Thomas Sarchet, two cabins at what is now the corner of Seventh street and Wheeling avenue, on north side of latter: across the street to the southward were those of John Sarchet : on the west lot on the corner of West Eighth street were the cabins of Peter Sarchet: on what is now the National Hotel site were those of Tames Bichard, and then on the next corner east those of Thomas Xaftcl : on what is now the Doctor Ramsey and C. B. Cook dwellings were the cabins of

William Marsh ; on the square from Ninth street to the Orme Hardware Company building, south side Wheeling avenue, were the cabins of Thomas Lenfesty, Mrs. Hubert, Maria and Charles Marquand, and to the westward, across the alley, on the present J. M. Ogier lot, was the cabin of his grandfather, William Ogier. With the exception of three cabins, located on the north side of Wills creek, south of the present Pennsylvania railway depot, which were outside the original plat, the aforenamed buildings constituted the town of Cambridge at that time.

Early Business Prospects

For some years past there has been quite a change in the business of this place. It is now no uncommon thing to see the streets thronged with horses and wagons, groaning under the loads of produce brought for the purpose of trading or for sale. There are seven stores in this place, which sell annually about fifty thousand dollars worth of goods, and it may not be out of place here to remark, that goods can be bought in Cambridge as cheap, at retail, as they can be purchased on the river Ohio or in the Atlantic cities. It will be discovered, by reference to our advertising columns, that they keep up their assortment - a stock amongst which can be found any article now in general use.

Besides the fertility of the soil, its peculiar adaptation to the raising of wheat and grazing cattle, the citizens of the valley of Wills creek have the good fortune to be blessed with salt wells in abundance, which article can be had here at half the price it sells for in other portions of the state.

Coals of an excellent kind can be found in all the hills which surround our place. The veins are generally from three to five feet, and the coal is easily and cheaply obtained by -mining.

Nor is Cambridge deficient in morals, nor unthankful for its great natural comforts and advantages. We have four churches, which are generally well filled on the day of rest. AVe have also an academy in quite a flourishing conidtion. Although it has been opened but a few months, vet thirty-five or forty students may be found within its walls - ami lastly, though not least in point of consequence or usefulness, we have a public library, containing between seven and eight hundred volumes of well selected books.

dwindled to a mere streamlet - convinced our citizens of the necessity of erecting a steam flouring mill. Three gentlemen have associated themselves together for thai purpose, and have already commenced operations. It is contemplated to have sufficient power for carding, fulling, manufacturing jeans, sawing, etc. It is expected that this mill will be finished against the period water mills usually sin,, for want of their "peculiar element." The erection of tins mill will not only be a great advantage and convenience to the citizens of the county generally; by creating an increased demand for wheat as well as regulating the price of that article, but it will, at the same time, vastly increase the business of this place - a place, we are inclined to think, that will ere Ion- he of considerable commercial importance. - Guernsey Times. January, [839.

At one of the sessions of the city council, an ordinance was introduced - whether passed or not is not remembered - for the submission to the electors of the city the question, whether bonds to the amount of five thousand dollars should be issued for the purpose of erecting a city market house. It may not be amiss to give a little of former market house history. At the June session of county commissioners in 1827 a grant was given the citizens of Cambridge to erect a market house on the public grounds anywhere south of the court house, so as not to obstruct the view of the court house from the main street. At the time there was no building of any kind on the Davis corner nor on the Central National Bank corner. The only buildings near the court house were the old log jail on the east, located partly on what is now East Eighth street, and a log house located on West Eighth street where the Branthoover and Johnson building is now located. The market house was located south of the jail and was partly on East Eighth street as now bounded. A reference to the original town plat will show that there were no streets marked through the public grounds. The street south of Main and south of the public grounds was called Market street. Why this first market house, built by the proprietors of the town and its citizens, was not located on Market street of the town plat, we have no means of knowing. The market house was built of brick, with pillars of brick on the sides, arched from pillar to pillar, with arched entrances at the south and north ends, and was in dimensions forty by twenty feet. The roof had a wide projection from the square of the building on either side.

Between the pillars were the sale counters, and at the butchers' stalls were the cutting blocks and hanging racks. The stalls were rented to the butchers and regular country hucksters. There were regular market days, and the market was under the charge of a market master. On other than market days people from the country displayed what they had for sale at the market house by paying a small sum for the privilege. As Col. Z. A. Beatty was the largest stockholder, his son, John P. Beatty. was the market master, and as the Colonel was in the salt manufacturing business, he kept in the market house salt for sale by the barrel or less quantity, which was kept in a salt box.

For some years within the memory of the writer the market house was continued, but gradually it began to decline. The market house became a place for country people to hitch their horses in or to, and on the old court days the athletes practiced in it the hop, step and jump, and pitched quoits in it on rainy days. On the old general muster days of brigade, regiment and company muster, in and around it were sold cider, gingerbread, apples and watermelons, and occasional fights were mixed in between the sales, and strolling auctioneers used it to cry off their goods. Salt having been kept in it, the town cows and cattle that roamed the woods and commons and old George R. Tingle's and Old Harvey's sheep resorted there to lick the pillars and sleep at night. It became a public nuisance. The pillars were half licked away, and instead of the citizens going there to market, they went there of mornings for their cows. The McCracken brick, now the Davis corner, and the Thomas S. Beatty brick, now the Hanna corner, had been built, and the Shaffner brick, now the Central Bank corner, was in building when it was thought the market house nuisance ought to be abated, but how, was the question. It was private property, constructed by a grant from the commissioners. There was no town corporate authority. Some young men, most all of whom are now dead, proposed to give Bill McMurray, father of Osmond McMurray of this city, five dollars and stand between him and the law, if. some time late at night, he being engaged to haul cordwood to town with a four-horse team, and a big. broad-wheeled wagon, he would hub one of the pillars and pull the market house down. The opportune time, a rainy dark night, Bill passed by it. and hubbed the southwest pillar, cracked his long blacksnake whip, and away went the pillar and down came the market house, and Bill and his team went on the run up Main street faster than the street cars go today. Col. Z. A. Beatty was then living; he made some threats, but nothing

Cambridge Postopfice

A postoffice was established in Cambridge in 1807. The firsl postmaster was' Cyrus P. Beatty, and then Nicholas Saithache, and from early newspaper files it is discovered that the postmasters who served in Cambridge after 1825 were as follows: 1826, George Metcalf; 1832, Jacob Shaffner was postmaster up to about 1840, when the name of William M. Ferguson appears at the end of the list of advertised letters; 1841, came Isaac Mcllyar; 1844. William Smith; 1845, R. Burns; 1851-53. James M. Smith; 1853, James O. Grimes; 1851-53, James M. Smith: 1853. James O. Grimes.

In one of the old newspaper files the following schedule of the earlyday stage lines and mail service has been discovered. The mail left Bradshaw (now Fairview) en route to Zanesville, via Beymerstown (now Washington), a distance of forty-five miles, making it in fifteen and a half hours. Tt was a tri-weekly mail service, the mail being carried on horseback. Fairview was laid out as a town in 1814. The card shows: Mail going' westward, leaves Bradshaw every Monday morning, Wednesdays and Fridays, at just half past three in the morning, and arrives at Cambridge at eleven-fifteen in the morning': at Oliver, by four in the afternoon, at Zanesville at seven in the evening. The item above mentioned in the newspaper file was the reproduction of an old crumpledup paper wrapped up with some pills in a box, the same having been carefully laid away decades ago by some careful housewife of Guernsey county.

From the author's pen in an article written for the Cambridge Jeffersonian, in October. 1906, the following was written concerning postoffice matters in this city:

"The west side of the lot, not No. 22, but No. 21, was not built on till 1848. The postoffice had been down street for many years. After the election of Gen. Zachary Taylor, President, it was claimed by the uptown citizens that the postoffice should be removed toward them. Peter Ogier had built by the home of Thomas Scott, the father of T. W. Scott, of this city, a postoffice building on the northwest corner of the lot. It was one story and contained two rooms.

"After the inauguration of President Taylor, March 4, 1849. this building was ready for occupation by the Whig postmaster, William Smith, who was soon after appointed. James M. Smith, his brother, was his deputy. He was known as "lame Jimmy Smith." It was divided into two rooms ; the outside or waiting room was large, and the room for the boxes and office matter was large enough for the postoffice business of that day. There were seats around the room for the accommodation of persons waiting for the mails to be distributed.

"At that time there were two daily mails, carried by the stagecoaches on the old pike ; one from the east in the forenoon and one from the west in the afternoon, that began soon after the opening of the old pike. Before that the mails on the Wheeling road were uncertain as to their arrival, and not always daily. There were regular tri-weekly mails from Steubenville, over the grade road, carried in stages, but in the winter the mails were carried on horseback.

"The postoffice was kept there during the Taylor and Fillmore administrations. Some years later, the present drug room, now being remodeled, was built. Dr. S. B. Clark had succeeded the Nattels, and the store was known, both the old and the new room, as the Ogier and Clark drug store, down to 1857, when Peter Ogier became sole proprietor, the name being Ogier's Drug Store. After his death, it was continued by his son. the late John M. Ogier."

The first postmaster in Cambridge, C. P. Beatty, made a letter-box himself and it has served in such capacity ever since, with additional fixtures as the times demanded them. The postal route was then from Wheeling to Zanesville, and was established about 1808. Letters were first carried by travelers passing through the country. The postal rate was high and was fixed according to the distance carried. If from Philadelphia to Washington, it was twenty-five to thirty cents. The first post-boy to carry mail from Cambridge to Zanesville was John Magiffen, who became a soldier in the war of iNu, and is buried in the old Cambridge cemetery.

Cold primaries in April sometimes -row warm, and the exciting one in this city April 2d with the Republicans was not an entirely new thing in Cambridge, excepting, perhaps, as to the use of whisky, money, etc.

We now record the account of a Democratic one that took place more than three score years ago. In April, 1X40, the Cambridge postoffice became vacant by the resignation of Jacob Shaffner, a Democrat, and the following public call w.as issued:

Public Meeting

"The citizens of Cambridge and vicinity are requested to meet at the court house on Monday evening, April 20th, for the purpose of advising on a suitable person to be recommended to fill the position of postmaster in this place.

This meeting was organized by appointing Joseph Stoner chairman. lie was the father of Mayor Jim Stoner, of Georgetown, and John Bute, who was secretary, was an uncle of Capt. J. B. Ferguson, of this city.

It was understood that the persons voted for should be Democrats and the ones receiving the greatest number of votes should be recommended for appointment. The chairman's hat. a large, white wool hat, was the ballot box. The Whigs turned out in force, being in the majority, and decided that they would vote for William Smith, a Whig, who was deputy postmaster. Chairman Stoner. thinking there was some trick being played by the Whigs, declared the polls closed, put on his hat, ballots and all, and adjourned the meeting. The votes were never counted. While the leading Democrats were trying to agree on a candidate to again be voted for and recommended for appointment, old Billy Ferguson had been quietly working, through his brother John, an official in Washington City, and before the next voting time arrived, old Billy received the commission and took charge of the office. The abrupt closing of the polls by Chairman Stoner had the effect of securing the appointment of the very man the Democrats were most opposed to. and Stoner was accused of usurping authority in the interest of Ferguson.

The Democratic wrangle succeeding this appointment, for fear Van Buren might be re-elected, did not cease until General Harrison was elected, and Isaac Mcllyar, a Whig, was appointed to the office succeeding Ferguson.

The Cambridge office became a postal money order office in the month of December, 1871, and the money order business that month amounted to two thousand, eight hundred and thirty-three dollars.

The money order business for the month of October, 1910, was fifteen thousand, three hundred and thirty-seven dollars and fifty-six cents, received on orders isued from this point, and four thousand, three hundred and seventeen dollars on orders paid out from this office.

The first rural route was started from Cambridge in 1900, and it has increased to ten in 1910. The routes average about twenty-four miles each and give the farming community excellent mail facilities, allowing them to receive their daily papers the same as though they resided in the city.

First Telegraph In Cambridge

"On Monday last an office of the National Telegraph Company was opened at this place, in the room over Nyce & Matthews' drug store, and Tames D. Hoge, of Zanesville, appointed operator. This will be a matter of great convenience to our citizens, and especially to our business men. For the information of our readers, we have procured from Mr. Hoge the following schedule of charges for telegraphing a dispatch of one to ten words, and the charge for each additional word:

"For ten words to Wheeling, twenty-five cents; Steubenville, Zanesville, Columbus, the same. From Cambridge to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, thirty cents. To Louisville, forty cents; Baltimore, sixty-five cents; Philadelphia, seventy-five cents; New York, ninety cents; New Orleans, one dollar and eighty cents. Two cents per word for each word over ten." - From the Cambridge Times, 1854.

Municipal History

Cambridge was incorporated in 1837 and had for its first officers: W. W. Tracey, mayor; Moses Sarchet, recorder. This was for the "village" corporation. This continued until May 6, 1895, when the place had reached a population of five thousand, nine hundred and seventyfive and was then made a "city." The various mayors have served in the following order:

The city offices are now in leased rooms on the second floor of the Cambridge Building & Loan Company's block, on Wheeling avenue. They removed from the Burgess building to the present place in 1910; before that they were in the Taylor block for a number of years.

Since becoming a city the improvements have been many and of a modern city-type. They are now over twelve miles of street paving and about twenty-five miles of sanitary sewers. The city now owns its water works system, constructed at a cost of sixty thousand dollars, with a stand-pipe pressure system. Bonds were issued for these works, and at present the city is about to enlarge its water works plant and secure more and better quality of pare water, the present supply coming from Wills creek.

The fire department is of the volunteer kind and is equipped with an old "steamer," many years in use, and a good hook and ladder equipment.

The corporation has its own jail, located in the rear of the city offices, and it is provided with four steel cells, making secure those who have to be incarcerated.

The Public Library

The early history of the library in Cambridge is best told by the following correspondence in the Jeffersonian in 1879, and in the Times in 1903:

We have on our table at this writing a copy of the "By-Laws of the Guernsey County Library and Reading Room," adopted March 3, 1832, and printed by John Hersh, Jr., Cambridge. The society was incorporated by an act of Legislature, passed February 11, 1832, as attested by W. B. Hubbard, speaker of the House, and William Doherty, speaker of the Senate. James M. Bell was president ; Ebenezer Smith, treasurer; and Moses Sarchet, secretary and librarian. At the close of the little pamphlet is given an "Alphabetical List of Stockholders, March 7th, 1832," which we copy in full as follows:

Metcalf, William McCracken, Andrew Metcalf, Robert B. Moore, Thomas Miller, Robert J. McClary, Seneca Needham, Isaac Parrish, Ebenezer Smith, David Sarchet, Moses Sarchet, Peter B. Sarchet, William W. Tracey, Rev. William Wallace. John Woodrow, Nicholas Bailhache. Hamilton Robb, John Bogle, John Nicholson, Richard (lark, James B. Moore, John Baldridge, John Ferguson, Levi Rinehart, |ohh B. Thompson, John (."lark, Joseph Bute, Nathan Evans, Samuel Wilson, Andrew Magee, 15. A. Albright, Samuel Fish, Ansel Briggs. Of the above list, hut five persons are known to he living, Moses and David Sarchet, and James 1',. Moore, who reside here. Rev. Andrew Magee, who now lives at Prairie City. Illinois, and Rev. Hamilton Robb, extreasurer of this county, who. with his aged wife, resides at Mattoon, Illinois. - Jeffersonicm, [879.

In the fall of 1898 at a dinner party given at the home of the late Hon. Joseph D. Taylor, the library movement was taked of. and Mrs. J. D. Taylor began the canvass. She secured one thousand eight hundred dollars, taking life memberships in the association at twenty-five dollars. The first meeting of the Cambridge Library Association was held February 23, 1899, in the room now ocupied by the library, and which was given free for five years by Hon. J. D. Taylor. At this meeting John M. Amos was made president for one year, and John L. Locke, Esq., secretary. The one thousand eight hundred dollars secured by life memberships was expended for books and furnishings. At the meeting of the association held in April. 1901. the Carnegie libraries were talked of, and a committee to communicate with him was appointed. As representatives of this committee. A. R. McCulloch. Esq., and Rev. W. H. Weir went to Xew York, and learned the terms upon which the building would lie donated. It was steady work from that time on. First the school board, then the council, agreed to make the necessarv levy, amounting in all to one thousand eight hundred dollars a year to keep up the library.

Then there was a hitch in regard to the desired location on Steubenville avenue, just back of the court house. This property belonged to the county, and a special act of Legislature was required to empower the commissioners to give this site. All this done. Mr. McCulloch notified Mr. Carnegie, and he received answer from him on May u, 1902, that eighteen thousand dollars had been deposited to the credit of the Cambridge Library Association. Plans were decided upon, and bids taken, none being within the limit. Then some changes were made, and on last Saturday evening the bids were opened and the contract awarded to C. W. Dowling, of Williamsburg, West Virginia, for seventeen thousand, six hundred and thirty-eight dollars. The building is to be completed by August 15, 1903. - Times, 1903.

Before the building was completed it was found that the amount donated was not sufficient to complete it, and Mr. Carnegie was asked to give the balance, which amounted to five thousand dollars more, which he kindly consented to do, making his total gift twenty-three thousand dollars. The formal opening of the library took place November 17, 1904, with appropriate ceremony.

The present number of volumes in this library is seven thousand, five hundred. Its present officers are: F. L. Rosmond, president; John M. Arms, secretary; M. S. Burgess, treasurer; M. Grace Robins, librarian ; Jessie Grimes, assistant librarian.

The City Cemeteries

The first burying ground in Cambridge of a public nature was the one located overlooking the valley, and now almost within the heart of the city. Of its lots and as to some of the persons there buried the following letter in the local papers a few years ago by Colonel Sarchet, will inform the reader :

We propose to give some history of the graveyard's silent occupants, so far as the time-worn tombstones and our memory will serve us. The rows of lots on the west side were first taken, as the entrance was from that side. Here we find the Cook family.

Capt. Thomas Cook, of the Revolutionary war, settled early in the history of Ohio, on the old Wheeling road, three miles east of Cambridge, on two hundred acres of soldier bounty land, now the Winfield Scott farm at the crooked bridge, over Cook's run, thus giving the run its name. We suggest here that there is much unwritten history in the runs of Guernsey county, as their names are taken from the early settlers, or from some local incident occurring along them. Your itemizers might trace the history of some of the runs in their localities. The Talbert family, Nathaniel Talbert, known as Yankee Talbert, was a sort of wizzard, a pow-wow over sick horses and a sort of "verb doctor," peeling the bark up for an emetic and down for a cathartic.

The Tingle family, John and George R. Tingle, one of the early tavern keepers, and the head of the Tingle family of Cambridge. The Beatty family, Capt. C. P. Beatty, of the war of 1S12, and the first clerk of court of Guernsey county. The Talbot family, Lloyd Talbot, a prominent character and official in the early history of the county.

The Ferguson family is marked by two stones, one to the memory of John Ferguson, senior, the other to Jane and Washington Ferguson. In the northwest corner and perhaps in the part thrown out into the alley, was the grave of a child of James Oldham, which was the first to be buried in the graveyard. In this corner is a stone to Oren Cregp. In the southwest corner Moman Morgan, the colored barber, was buried. "Fobe" Beatty and "Dick" O'Ferrell, slaves, brought from Virginia with these families, were also buried in this corner. "Tobe" Beatty was the first colored person to live in Cambridge. There is to the south a stone marked for John Brown. Between these marked graves are a number unmarked. The original plan of the graveyard seems to have been a double row of lots, with a space for a walk between, and as some of the stones face to the east and to the west in the same row. and being unevenly set, it is difficult to trace the exact original plan.

In this first row is a stone to Robert Bell, age one hundred and seven years, and to a son Robert, aged fifty-four years. The Bell and Ferguson plots are side by side. These were early settlers and connected by intermarriage. In this row and in an unmarked grave lies Francis Donsonchet, a French soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte, and father of Dr. Francis Donsonchet, an eccentric character in the early history of Cambridge. In this row are buried two who died from unnatural causes, Nelson Talbot, son of Lloyd Talbot, was drowned in Wills creek. William Tingle, son gf George R. Tingle, was bitten by a poisonous spider, and died from its effect. Near the Ferguson and Lofland plots is a large sycamore tree, planted long years ago by some one of these families.

In the next row is the Col. Z. A. Beatty square. There is no mark except a stone erected to the memory of Margery Louisa, child of John P. Beatty and Rachel Sarchet. Next to this is the Gomber square. The old stones are so time-worn as to be almost illegible. In this is a stone erected to the memory of Maria Gomber, wife of James B. Moore. Next to this square are some stones, but the traces of the letters are gone. They mark the resting place of some of the Thomas Metcalf family. The next in the row is a monument erected to the memory of Col. Gordon Lofland and Sarah P. Lofland, his wife, and to Thomas Metcalf.

the first husband of Sarah P. Lofland and to the deceased children of these marriages. Sarah P. Lofland was a daughter of Jacob Gomber. In our history of the town we did not reach Colonel Lofland. as his residence was outside the original plat. It is now known as the old Lofland house. This, in the days of Colonel Lofland, on the large and beautiful farm which covered all that part north of Steubenville avenue, and west of Fifth street, to Wills creek, was a cozy place, and but a short walk from town. It was the scene of many a jolly merry-making of the young people of its day. Colonel Lofland was prominent in the militia days, and during the late war, but was not a successful business man.

Northwood cemetery, the latest one established near Cambridge, contains forty acres of high, dry and beautifully situated land to the north of the city, on North Eighth street. It was platted in 1899. ^ is under a board of control, now consisting of Messrs. R. M. Allison, S. E. Boden and J. B. Gregg, the latter serving as director of public safety. These grounds are now well improved and have already many graves and fine monuments and tombs erected to the departed dead of the community. The old city burying-ground has become well filled and unfit for modern use. There rest many of the departed pioneers and their graves are visited frequently by children and grandchildren.

The City cemetery, lying on the brow of the hill overlooking the valley, in the southeast part of the city, was opened for use about 1858-59 and contains about seven acres. The present superintendent is C. W. Campbell. It has not been used much since the opening of the new burying-ground - Northwood. It is only used by those whose family lot has not already been filled. It is tastily cared for and contains many fine tombstones and monuments erected to the silent sleepers, who comprise many of Cambridge's best known old settlers.

Religious Worship

The first place of religious worship in Cambridge was at the house of Thomas Sarchet, where those Guernsey people held what was called "French meeting." William Ogier was an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Thomas Sarchet, a licensed exhorter, who in turn conducted the exercises. From the nucleus of these Guernsey men sprang the Methodist Episcopal congregation. This society was soon attached to the Zanesville circuit. The circuit as then traveled was bounded as follows : Beginning at Zanesville, up the Muskingum to

Stillwater, up big Stillwater to the old Wheeling road, and west on said road to Zanesville, comprising as much territory in its bounds as is in the Cambridge district. The first traveling preacher of any denomination that preached in Cambridge was James Watts of the Methodist Episcopal church. It is worthy to be noted that this charge has been filled by such eminent ministers as Bishop Morris, who lived here about the year 1817, James B. Findley, John P. Durbin, Leroy Swarmstead, S. R. Brockunier, Jacob and David Young, and Doctor Whiteman, pioneers of western Methodism. All the religious societies that have places of public worship now in Cambridge, except the Protestant Methodist, were represented by members among the first settlers that I have named : but, except the Methodist Episcopal society, none had regular services for many years.

After the erection of the court house the Methodists had religious services every Sabbath in the grand jury room. In this room the great Lorenzo Dow once preached, as he was traveling to the West.

The first church building erected was by the Seceders, about the year 1826, on the Captain Anderson lot; but on account of some defect in construction was soon pronounced unsafe, and had to be abandoned. Services were then held in the lower room of the "old lodge." It is said that two of the members would not "leave the house of God and go to the house of Baal," but demanded their papers, shook the dust from off their feet, and joined a congregation far away from the contaminating influences of "secret oath-bound societies."

Temperance Movements

In 1842 Washingtonian temperance societies were at high tide throughout the country, and Ohio, that had just emerged from the hardcider campaign of 1840, took her place as one of the foremost among the states in favor of teetotalism. The annual meeting of the Cambridge Washingtonian Temperance Society was held in the Presbyterian church on January 22, 1842. The sober second thought of the people was working wonders and rapidly spreading and extending the great work of reformation. This meeting was addressed by Gen. David Tallmage, of Lancaster, and Napoleon B. Guille, of Zanesville. General Tallmage was the proprietor of the great stage line "Good Intent" in Ohio and he had sent out circular letters all along his lines, requiring the discharge of all drivers who had not signed the teetotal pledge. Niel, Moore & Company, proprietors of the great "Ohio Stage Company." had sent out similar circulars. There was to be no more upsetting of coaches or drunken drivers.

In 1S43 the Cambridge Washingtonian Temperance Society resolved to make a grand temperance display and parade on July 4th with a free public dinner, to which the temperance societies of the county were invited. The tables were to be spread in the beech grove in the old mill bottom a short distance east of the old Morton house. It was to be and was a grand gala day in the cause of temperance, as well as an Independence day celebration.

The order of march from the public square to the grove, as given in the program, was as follows : "Under the direction of Col. Gordon Lofland, chief marshal, assisted by Maj. Nathan Evans, John Clark and Jacob G. Metcalf; Fairview military company, Capt. Isaac Pumphrey: Cambridge Mozart Band; officers of temperance societies and temperance men ; Cambridge Sabbath schools ; county officials and lawyers : citizens and visitors, men and women.

The line of march was down the old mill road. At the grove a large stand had been erected near the long dinner tables, that had been constructed with forks and boards. Around great log heaps the meats were being roasted and boiled and kettles of coffee were steaming. Piles of bread and pies were stacked up around the trees in huge conical forms.

The exercises at the grand stand were opened with prayer by Rev. William Ross, the Methodist Protestant minister; John Hersch, Esq., made an introductory address and read the Declaration of Independence; an oration was delivered by Thomas Brown, Esq. ; temperance addresses by Mathew Gaston, Esq., and Rev. George Clancy. This closed the exercises of the forenoon.

Important Events

Black Hawk, the noted Indian chief, passed through Cambridge in the spring of 1833, in charge of some United States officers. The party stopped some time at the Hutchison tavern, where the stage team was changed. The word soon spread through town, and a large number of citizens, men, women and children, hurried to the tavern to see the great Indian chieftain.

On Monday, November 26, 1849, General Tom Thumb, the world famous dwarf, then in his seventeenth year, and weighing but fifteen pounds, appeared in Cambridge, and was on exhibition at the court house from two-thirty to four o'clock in the afternoon, and from seven to eight-thirty in the evening-. This remarkable specimen of humanity, twenty-eight inches in height, gave a street parade, having a curious miniature equipage of two of the smallest horses in the world, a diminutive coachman, and a carriage proportionately tiny. Tom Thumb, or, to call him by his real name, Charles S. Stratton, was accompanied by his parents and attendants, in all, eleven persons. The price of admission was twenty-five cents, children under ten years, half-price.

A small band of Mormonites passed through this place a few days since, on their way to the "New Jersalem," located somewhere in the state of Missouri. While here, they encamped on a bank of Wills creek, in the rear of the town. - Guernsey Times, July jo. 1833.

The Guernsey Times of July 6, 1833, contains the following: "Daniel Webster, in company with his lady and daughter, passed through this place on Saturday morning last, on his return home from a visit to the western part of the state."

At the election in Cambridge December 27, 1897, two issues were up for solution - the voting of water works bonds and that for a new cemetery. The votes stood: For cemetery, 254; against, 154. For water works, 260; against, 136. The majority not being two-thirds, both issues failed of carrying.

When Queen Victoria of England was crowned in 1837, the Cambridge Academy held a service in which they, too, went through the mock ceremony of crowning her. It was a high-toned affair, attended by many of the, best citizens. The then boy of nine summers - Mr. Sarchet, supervising editor of this work - lived to write of the good Queen's death in 1 901. The occasion in Cambridge enlisted the best talent of the Academy: a young lady, who later was well known in the city, was made queen and the maids of service and honor were not a few. The queen's long dress train was carried by the girls in real court style. But with all that was English, there were some American features, too. "America." "Hail Columbia" and other national airs were rendered, while the folds of "Old Glory" were floating in the breeze.

The high water mark of March, 1907, at Cambridge, excelled that of 1884 by almost one foot and heat all previous records since the settlement of the countv.

The first cars were run on the electric line between Cambridge and Byesville in the autumn of 1903 (October 21) over the Cambridge Consolidated Company's line, later styled the Cambridge Power, Light & Traction Company, but at this time known as the Midland Power & Traction Company. The road was opened up to the Byesville limit five weeks earlier than that date, but not clear to Byesville.

A society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, known as the Guernsey County Humane Society, was formed at Cambridge in the spring of 1907. Its first president was A. M. Baxter; secretary, John P. Turner; treasurer, Mrs. J. M. Ferguson. The first person made humane officer was U. G. Henderson. It is now doing much good in the county.

Cambridge has more slate roofed buildings - business and residences - than any city of its population in Ohio, according to the statement of 1910 contractors.

In the autumn of 1874 the county and city were greatly enthused over the Woman's Temperance Crusade, and in the fall of 1877 the great Francis Murphy temperance wave struck the county and made Cambridge its headquarters and by it many were rescued from the demon drink.

Lorenzo Dow In Cambridge

Lorenzo Dow preached twice in Cambridge; the first time in 1826, the second in 1832. On his first visit his wife, Peggy, was with him. They were traveling horseback. At the time of his second visit, the writer was a small boy, but retains a very distinct recollection of the event, and of the appearance of the strange, eccentric preacher, as he stood on a stump, his horse standing beside him.

The news of his approach had been brought by the stage driven from the east, some hours in advance of his arrival. It was noised abroad. Those who had heard him on his first visit were anxious to hear him again, and there were many citizens of the town and vicinity who had never heard him. All were on the alert, and When they arrived at the public square a large crowd of men, women and children were there awaiting his coming. We were led by our grandfather, and what we relate is rather hearsay than recollection we could have of his discourse. He began the services by singing:

With all his eccentricities, he aimed t<> do good. No one will question that he did good. The biography of Lorenzo is in every way curious and useful. He regarded the world as all going wrong, and that he was born to set it right. He printed books and tracts, which he sold or gave away on his travels through the western wilderness.

His subject was: "The Clay in the Hands of the Potter." The political contest between Gen. Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay was in full blast and his first sentence was, "I suppose you are all for Clay." He then continued as indicated by the hymn and Scripture quotation. After preaching, he mounted his horse and rode on eastward, spending the night at Norwich. There he preached to a crowded house in the Methodist Episcopal church.

In the assemby were two men, who were disposed to ask him questions. As they asked questions, he inquired their names. One gave his name as Bush, the other Grubb. Bush had said: "You are talking about Heaven; tell us how it looks." Dow turned his grave face and long gray locks toward his questioners, and said with great gravity : "Heaven, friends, is a vast extent of rich, smooth territory. There is not a Bush nor a Grubb in it, and never will be."

He was the oddest kind of an oddity. His manners and sayings during the years that he traveled in almost every state and town of this country were given as widespread publicity by the newspapers as those of the celebrated Rowland Hill. - From Col. C. P. B. Sarchet's writings.

Gen. William Henry Harrison Here

Gen. William Henry Harrison passed through Cambridge twice before he was the candidate of the Whig party in 1840. The first time he was traveling to the east in a private coach, and stopped at the Judge Metcalf tavern. The word was soon passed around that he was in town and would hold a levee at the court house. The women and children flocked to the court house to await his coming. The men. more impatient, hurried to the tavern to greet him. From the tavern he was escorted up the street on either side by General Bell and Major Dunlap, followed by a long line of citizens, many of whom were old soldiers of the war of 1812. Among these was old Sol Kinney, colored. He had a string of buttons and a pair of bones, which he rattled and clapped, being at the head of the line. At the court house General Harrison shook hands with the women and children, and kissed all the babies. After an hour of pleasant social greetings to all, irrespective of party, the coach drove up in front of the court house, and the General, taking a seat on top with the driver, moved off amid the cheers of the gathered multitude. His second visit to Cambridge was after he had received the votes of the Whig party for President in 1836. He was traveling to the west by private coach, and stopped at the old Hutchison tavern. As word had been sent on in advance that he was to pass through Cambridge, the people from the country flocked into town. He had passed the night east of Cambridge, and was followed from the east by a great train of carriages and horsemen. He was received at the head of "Wheeling avenue by the great crowd gathered to await his coming, and passed down the street to the Hutchison tavern, the coach being surrounded by the rejoicing and vociferous Whigs. The coach was gaily trimmed with flags and bunting, and on the top a drum corps filled the air with strains of martial music. A large number of Whigs of Cambridge had made ready to escort him to Zanesville. After dinner the great cavalcade moved down through the street, which was lined on either side by the citizens, men. women and children, cheering for "Old Tip." This was ihe beginning of what three years later was to be the most memorable political campaign in the nation's history. General Harrison did not visit Cambridge in 1840, neither did Tom Corwin, to make a speech. He was prevented from being at the great '40 meeting by sickness, but he was represented at the great joint rally of Guernsey and Belmont counties at Fairview. At this meeting an old Democrat had made the declaration that he was going to tell Tom Corwin that he was a demagogue. So the old fellow took a position near the speaker's stand, and when the opportune time came he looked up at Corwin, and said, "You are nothing but a demagogue." Corwin turned and looked at him for a moment, and said: "If you were wrapped with willows you would be a demijohn." - C. P. B. Sarchet, in Cambridge Herald, 1897.

Loxg-Ago Cambridge Incidents

The first house in what is now Gaston's addition was built by "Katy" Whetzel, who built a cabin on the north end of the T- C. Beckett lot. She lived for a long time with Judge Spears, in Adams township, in the old tavern on the old Wheeling road. She was said to be a relative of Lewis Whetzel, the great Indian fighter, "whose gun was always loaded." This cabin, and the first Methodist church, that was on the Simons' foundry lot, and the first Methodist Protestant church on the present site were all the houses in this part of town sixty years ago. Over the creek all was woods, except a small field known as "Beatty's meadow." In the corner of this, about the site of Mrs. Long's residence, were two cabins, in one of which lived General Jackson, father of the late Samuel Jackson. He was one of the old road teamsters, before and after the building of the National road. In the other lived old Tom Lawrence. Two of his sons were makers of history, connected with the courts of Guernsey county. Andy was sent to the penitentiary at Columbus for stabbing with intent to kill, and was among the first to be confined in the first brick jail of the county. He was a teamster while at the penitentiary, and engaged in hauling the stone at the beginning of the erection of the present state capitol. John had an altercation with Jerry Nubia, a colored Quaker. Jerry, forgetting the teachings of peace, went home, and "with malice aforethought," armed himself with a gun and went out gaming after Lawrence. He shot at him from the now Mcllyar corner, toward the Davis corner, Lawrence at the time making toward Nubia with a stone in his hand. Nubia used a shot gun. One shot took effect, entering Lawrence's eye. The writer and others were standing on the then McCracken corner. The shots and slugs flew around us, rattling against the sides of the building, and came near enough for us to know that we were in the line of fire. Nubia was sent to the penitentiary for a term of years. Lawrence suffered the loss of an eye. We had an opportunity of knowing the Lawrence family well, and as far back as we can remember we heard of a great fortune that was awaiting claimants in connection with this family. We think that not long ago we saw an item to the effect that some of this family, living in the northern part of Guernsey county, had struck a fresh trail leading toward this hidden treasure. It has been more than two hundred years since Captain William Kidd. the renowned free-booter and buccaneer, sailed from Plymouth. England, bearing a commission signed by the king, to prey upon the French commerce upon the high seas. He exceeded his authority, and became a great pirate, instead of the "trusty and well-behaved Captain Kidd." He was executed in London in 1 70 1. His name became famous, and was known in the ballad : "My Name is Captain Kidd, as I Sailed, as I Sailed." He was said to have buried a large treasure on the coast bordering on Long Island sound, the reward of his buccaneering. The search for it has been repeated off and on for all these years, and yet the "Kidd treasures" are an unknown quantity. And the Lawrence treasure is still waiting, but it is with somebody behind the screen drawing every now and again a fee, and the treasure, like Kidd's, is still hidden away. Better to find the treasure, then buy the field.

On the east end of Wheeling avenue, in a small log house, where the Hutchison house now is, old Mrs. Williams lived, like the "old woman who lived under the hill, kept cakes and whisky to sell." This house was called the "light house," as a light could be seen at all hours of the night. It was a place for drinking and carousal, "which even to name would be unlawful." Opposite! across Leatherwood creek, was the "Dixon sugar camp." All around was a dense forest. One sugar season, old Harvey, living in town, was running the sugar camp. He used for the back wall of his fire a large poplar tree that had fallen out of root. The kettles were suspended over the fire by means of poles and forks. One morning, after Harvey had started up his fire, and was busily engaged in gathering in the water, he was surprised to see a large bear drinking his syrup from one of the kettles. The bear had taken up quarters in the log, and the fire roused him out a little in advance of the close of the hibernating season. He was now disposed to take the camp, Harvey and all, and for a time was master of the situation, for Harvey retreated for town as fast as he could. He reported to old John Dixon that the bear had taken possession, and was eating all the sugar and drinking the syrup. Dixon was an old hunter. He hurried over to the camp and shot bruin, as he was standing up at one of the kettles, trying to get out the foaming syrup. This bear was of large size, and Harvey and Dixon made up thenloss in syrup and sugar by the sale of the meat and the skin. We have eaten bear meat once, but not of this one.

Old Wills Creek Bridge

Among the noted landmarks of Guernsey county is the old wooden, covered, double wagon and foot-bridge, spanning the yellow waters of Wills creek at Cambridge. It must have been built upon honor, for it was constructed in 1828. has been in constant use all of these eventful years, now numbering eighty-two. It is purely a wooden structure with a weatherboarded covering and roof. Two wide passage-ways make it one easy of crossing. The bridge, proper, is sustained by the same stone abutments which were made of solid masonry in that long ago time and have never had to be replaced, or repaired. On the north end of this bridge and overhead, is the original inscription placed there in 1828 on a stone tablet and it reads as fol- lows: "$io fine for driving on this bridge faster than a walk." On the south end - toward the country - is this inscription : "Built A. D., 1828 - J. P. Shannon, Undertaker - L. V. Wernwag, Architect - J. Kinkead, Mason - Keep to the Right !"

Had this old covered bridge but the gift of a tongue, many a tale it could tell this generation of the noted men who in times long ago passed through its passage-ways en route the old pike. Its timbers are seemingly as good today as when placed there. It was made after the old style of building frames, morticed and braced in all directions, with here and there a wrought-iron stay brace and great forged bolts. In these modern times it has been lighted by a series of electric lights, and will no doubt stand many a year yet, barring some accident. Beneath its driveway has floated many a small craft on the creek, when water navigation was in vogue and steam railroads were yet unknown.

A Cambridge Newsboy

"George Broom three or four years ago began the sale of newspapers on the streets of Cambridge. He then carried but one paper, but added to his list until he sold for all the dailies which sent papers here. He was gentlemanly, and did the business in a strictly fair and honest way. His patrons were pleased with his manner, and the newspaper publishers encouraged him in his trade. His business grew rapidly and largely. The great interest in the state campaigns and the great Presidential contest witli the long continued excitement as to the result, largely increased the sales of newspapers, and correspondingly added to the profits. Young Broom in some weeks made a net profit of from fifteen to twenty dollars a week. The profits varied during the time he was in business from two dollars and seventy-five cents a week to the sums stated. The net earnings of Broom footed up about a thousand dollars, all earned as a street newsboy in Cambridge. By industry and perseverance he laid the foundation of a successful business life."

He finally married and reared a family. His health failed and he removed to Arizona and from there to one of the Southern states, where lie died and was buried in the cemetery at his old home in Cambridge.

Boom The Town

The subjoined original poem, from the pen of John H. Sarchet, and sung for the first time at Cambridge Chautauqua, in 1900, runs as follows:

Industrial Cambridge

At the close of the Civil war the buildings of the town were mostly the old landmarks of early days, but a new and more progressive era was then ushered in and in 1882 there were more houses on Steubenville street than there were in the entire place when the war commenced. In 1880 the industries were confined chiefly to the foundry interests of C. P. Simons Brothers, established in 1855 and which was operated many years, both here and at Zanesville; a steam flouring mill, two planing mills and two boot and shoe factories. In 1880 there was also established a bent wood factory.

The introduction of natural gas and the development of the nearby coal fields has brought many factories and large plants in iron working, etc., to Cambridge. Among the more valuable factories of the present city are the following :

The American Sheet and Tin-Plate Company operates a very extensive mill in Cambridge. It was established here in 1889, and is connected with the great Pittsburg works, in a way. The raw material comes from the Carnegie Steel Company. It employs more than eight hundred and fifty workmen. The plant is well situated in the northwest part of the city on North Second street. The local superintendent is C. R. Mcllyar. This plant produces immense amounts of sheet and tin-plate iron, which finds its way to various parts of the world. Cheap fuel and cheaper rents and other advantages caused the works to be located in this city.

This same company operates another branch mill here, established about 1894 on foreign capital. This is also a sheet and tin-plate mill and it now employs five hundred workmen. Its present superintendent is J. E. Thompson. The works are located just outside the corporate limits of the city, in South Cambridge. These twin establishments are leaders in the numerous industries of the city. They are both the property of the American Sheet and Tin-Plate Company.

The W. A. Hunt Planing Mill was established in January, 1910, by local capital. Lumber is shipped in from the South and Northwest, while certain materials come from Ohio timber lands. Seven men are employed. This

A local industry of which the city is justly proud is the Guernsey Earthenware Company, who make brown, white-lined and enameled cooking utensils in vest quantities. It is said that fifteen million consumers see the "Guernsey" trade mark each month. This factory is located on Woodlawn avenue and was established in 1900, as a purely local concern. From one hundred and fifty to one hundred and sixty persons find constant employment in these extensive works. The company was incorporated under the laws of Ohio, Charles L. Casey being the president and manager and also the owner of the property. The principal body of the earthenware here produced comes from the earth near the factory and is among Guernsey county's minerals of much value. From this material is fashioned the most beautifid cooking and serving dishes, heating table supplies, vegetable crocks, coffee cylinders, and many special designed dishes made to order for special customers.

The "Near-cut" Glass Works is another industry of which too much cannot well be said in this chapter on the modern industries of Cambridge. This was established in 1902 by purely local capital. The name of this superior glassware, "Near-cut," comes from the fact that the clearness and sharpness of the finish closely resembles the higher priced real "cut" glassware. The sand from which this glassware is produced comes from the Hancock district of Pennsylvania. The works are situated in East Cambridge and employ about four hundred and fifty workmen in the various departments. The present officers of this company are: A. J. Bennett, president; W. C. McCartney, secretary, and G. Royal Boyd, treasurer. The product of this plant goes out to all parts of the United States and is one of Cambridge's permanent institutions of business enterprises.

The Interstate Iron and Steel Company, another modern iron working plant of Cambridge, was established and first operated January 8, 1907. It is conducted on outside capital, being a foreign institution, which gives employment to almost three hundred workmen. This is located in the manufacturing district in the northwest part of the city. The raw material used in these extensive works comes from abroad, but it is of great commercial importance to the business interests of Cambridge. The officers are : S. J. Llewellyn, president; G. F. David, vice-president; George R. Stewart, secretary. The same company has works at Chicago and East Chicago, Indiana.

The Pennsylvania railroad shops also furnish employment to about one hundred workmen at this point. The shops are located in Southeast Cambridge and are situated on grounds leased from the trustees of Cambridge township, the same being dated March 9, 1881, to continue in force at the option of the railroad company for a term of ninety-nine years, for shop purposes. The company pays all taxes and is bound to keep the property fully insured. The present superintendent is J. C. McCullough.

W. H. Hartley & Sons Sheet Metal and Slate Roofing Works are located at No. 616 Wheeling avenue. This plant was established at Quaker City in 1870 and removed to Cambridge in 1892. It is an independent plant and now has in its employ an average of fourteen men. It manufactures all 'kinds of sheet metal goods, slate roofing and furnace work. The gentlemen connected with it are W. H. Hartley, M. C. Hartley and the M. C. Hartley estate.

The American Bread and Pastry Board Company was established in 1898, as a local industry. They now employ three workmen. Their plant is between Third and Fourth streets and Steubenville and Comber. William Harris is proprietor.

The firm of Stewart, Wylie & Ault, proprietors of the flouring mills at Cambridge, was established a number of years ago. They consume much grain from the fields of Guernsey county and several thousand bushels annually from the West. Five men are here employed in the business. The proprietors are W. L. Stewart, C. W. Wiley and A. Ault. This mill is situated on the corner of Fifth and Turner streets. An excellent grade of flour is made at these mills.

The Forney Lumber and Planing Mill, a live industry of Cambridge, was established in 1889 and now employs eight workmen. The mill is located on Dewey avenue, near the old covered bridge. Charles W. Forney is the proprietor. An extensive business is here carried on in both lumber and planing mill work.

The Hoyle & Scott Planing Mills were established in 1886, but an older firm began there many years prior to that date. Their lumber comes largely from West Virginia and the Southern states. Fifteen men find constant employment at these mills, which are located on Third street and Wheeling while the lumber yards are on Steubenville avenue. The present proprietors are William Hoyle and J. W. Scott.

Another and leading industry of modern Cambridge is the chair factory of Suitt Brothers, established in 1906 (under the present company), located on Third and Gomber street. Chairs, and especially high grade rockers, are here manufactured from wood coming from Massachusetts, North Carolina and Tennessee. From fifty to sixty men are constantly employed and the finest of modern machinery is used in the production of first class goods.

The Cambridge Roofing Company was established in 1882, as an independent local company. It now employs sixty-eight men. The works are located on West Wheeling avenue and the officers are W. H. Taylor, president; H. C. Hanbrook, vice-president; J. R. McBurney, secretary. This same company also manufacture gloves and overalls from goods made in Xew England and South Carolina. Each of these industries represents a separate department of the same company of manufacturers.

A Cambridge Fire

On Saturday, November 21, 1891, at two-thirty P. M., the alarm of fire resounded through the city of Cambridge. Promptly responding to the summons, the firemen discovered that the block that occupied the square on Wheeling avenue, between Sixth street and the alley east toward Seventh, was the scene of a devastating fire. It was found that the flames were making headway in the attic over the C. & M. general offices and in the furniture store of McDonald & McCollum.

Every effort was made to prevent the fire from spreading, but despite the gallant service of the firemen and the bucket brigades, it was not checked until thousands of dollars' worth of property had been consumed. The following is an accurate report of the losses :

C. Ayre & Company's stock of dry goods, carpets, etc., valued at $30,000, insured for $15,000. But a small amount of goods saved, and they in damaged condition.

McDonald & McCollum, the furniture dealers, piled their rear warerooms full of goods, and removed all from the rear rooms to places of safety, but lost all in the front main room. This rear wareroom was sided and roofed with iron, and they fastened up all doors and windows with iron sheeting, and this building, crowded with goods, was saved. Their loss was $1,650, in- sured for $750. The loss of Colonel Taylor, owner of the buildings, among which was the Berwick Hotel, was found to he approximately $60,000, with insurance of $38,000. The total loss of buildings and goods was estimated at $100,000.

The town was visited by a tire that promised for a little while to be very destructive, on Wednesday night, December 26, 1888. Fire was discovered shortly after ten o'clock in the butcher shop of Robert W. Nicholson, attached to the new two-story frame building recently erected by Hon. E. W. Mathewson, Seventh street, just north of Broom's grocery and Kyle's marble shop, and before the department was summoned the shop was wrapped in flames.

The department responded promptly, but the same plug in the boiler sheet of the fire engine which blew out in the Arcade fire in October, 1887, blew out before a stream of water was thrown-, and the engine and hose companies were consequently disabled. The hook and ladder company went to work at once, however, vigorously and intelligently, and did splendid work. Bucket lines were formed, and the flames kept in check, and the walls of the burning residences, to which the flames quickly communicated, were pushed inward, and the spread of the fire to the wooden buildings close Ineffectually prevented. The loss was about one thousand two hundred dollars, partly covered by insurance.

The Fire Of 1895

Both Cambridge papers of October 3, 1895, contain full details of the devastating fire which swept over the business section about one o'clock in the morning of October 2d. The fire originated in the Davis livery barn, and quickly spread across the alley to the stables in the rear of the Lyndon Hotel, to Carnes' livery barn and to the residence of Isaac Turnbaugh and Dorcas Savage. The blacksmith shop of Frank Johnson was next in line, and the greedy flames hungrily consumed all that came in their path.

In an hour, the rear of Monumental Hall was on fire. This led directly to the Taylor block and toward the Berwick Hotel. George Shairer's residence and saloon, John M. Richardson's residence and restaurant. Downer's drug store, and the Lyndon Hotel building came next. The flames spread rapidly. Doctor Moore's drug store was burned to smouldering ashes.

The fire spread down Wheeling avenue from Monumental Hall, consuming Schau's bakery and restaurant, Mrs. Forsythe's millinery and notion store, Carlisle & Grimes' hardware, Nelson's confectionery and news stand, the C. & M. general offices, R. T. Scott's and A. R. McCulloch's law offices, school room and lodge hall, Gillespie & McCulley's furniture, Steele's grocery and Hornbrook's shoe store. The fire was checked on the west by the fire wall of the Berwick Hotel,. thus saving C. Ayre's store and the new hotel.

Among the valuable property destroyed was Colonel Taylor's private library, containing many rare and valuable books that cannot be replaced, and Scott and McCulloch's law libraries. Much property was saved by being hauled and carried to places of safety, some of it badly damaged. Arnold & Barber had removed their shoe store to the new room in the Lyndon building and were ready to begin business the following morning. They promptly loaded their goods up and brought them up to their old stand at J. O. Mc- Ilyar's.

A Terrible Death

The saddest feature of the fire was the death of Frank Law. He and "Chuck" Creighton were sleeping on cots in the little office in the southeast corner of Davis' stable. Creighton was awakened by the roar of flames. He succeeded in awakening Law, and then made his escape by jumping out the window. Exit by the door was cut off by flames. Hours later, the blackened, charred body of La"w was found in the ruins, under a pile of bricks. It was one of the most tragic deaths which ever occurred in Cambridge.

Losses, Insurance, Etc

J. W. Davis & Son estimated their loss at $5,000, insurance $1,000. Eight of their horses were burned outright, or so badly injured that they had to be killed. James T. Cain's driving mare was burned. W. H. Mc- Ilyar's horse was badly burned, but escaped from the stable. Among those burned in the stable were the beautiful matched chestnuts, so well known to every citizen. They were side by side in their death agony. The old horse that hauled the express wagon was not injured.

Carlisle & Grimes lost everything in the store except some powder, which was brought off to a safe place. They saved their horses and dray, that were in a stable that was destroyed; loss, $10,000; insurance, $7,500. They at once began business in their warehouse near the C. & M. depot.

H. C. Hornbrook got a portion of his stock to places of safety. His room will be repaired, as the roof was burnt off. Some goods were badly injured by water.

Gillespie & McCulley saved most of their stock. Their iron-sheeted and roofed wareroom preserved the stock in it. This was the second fire this wareroom had gone through, in each case preserving its contents intact. This firm saved their goods that were stowed there at the time of the Berwick fire, a fact favorable to iron siding and roofing.

Isaac Turnbaugh saved a part of his goods; insurance $500. Dorcas Savage saved a part of her goods, no insurance. The Lyndon belonged to W. B. Crossgrove; loss, $17,500, insured for $10,000, policy taken out only the preceding Saturday. Dr. C. A. Moore lost fully one-half of his goods; insured for $2,000. J. M. Logan's loss was $1,000; insured for $500. A. D. Steele's loss was estimated at $1,300; insured for $1,000. Colonel Taylor estimated his entire loss on buildings at $30,000; insurance. $15,200.

William Schau, the baker, estimated his loss at $800. A small part of his stock was saved; no insurance. Carnes Brothers estimated their loss at $2,000; insurance $1,800. Forsythe's millinery and notion stock was estimated at $5,000. nearly all destroyed ; insurance, $2,500. The furniture of the school room destroyed was placed at $200. J. R. Downar saved most of his stock, and carried about $2,500 insurance.

The origin of the fire was not satisfactorily ascertained. Thanks were given to the fire departments of Newark, Zanesville and Barnesville for assistance rendered in response to a call for aid. Women aided greatly with pots of steaming coffee, so that the discomfiture of the brave firemen was considerably lessened by these "angels of temperance and charity."