Licking County, Ohio - Chapter 38: The War of the Rebellion, 1881

Chapter 38: The War of the Rebellion

Tur CAUSES OF THE WAR - THE PATRIOTISM AND ZEAL OF LICKING COUNTY - THE '' WIDE AWAKES" - COMPANY ''H," THIRD OHIO INFANTRRY - COMPANY ''E," TWELFTH OHIO INFANTRY - COMPANY ''D," TWENTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY - COMPANY ''C," TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY - COMPANY ''H," THIRTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY -

HE events of this great war have passed into history. The youthful student in our public schools, born since its close, is bewildered with the recital of its gigantic proportions. The son listens with' wonderment at the tale of bloody strife, from the lips of the surviving father. The mother narrates the anguish and long years of anxiety suffered in those dark days. All are familiar, through written records and word of mouth, with the causes which led to that strife, its fierce continuance, its glorious termination, and the fruits left for the enjoyment of coming generations. The causes of the war are briefly stated as follows by Ridpath, in his common school history:

"The most general cause of the civil war in the United States was the different construction put upon the constitution by the people of the North and the South. One party held that the union of the States is indissoluble; that the States are subordinate to the central government; that the acts of Congress are binding on the States, and that all attempts at nullification and disunion are disloyal and treasonable. The other party held that the national constitution is a compact between sovereign States; that for certain reasons the union can be dissolved; that the sovereignty of the nation belongs to the individual States; that a State may annul an act of Congress; that the highest allegiance of the citizen is due to his own State, and that nullification and disunion are justifiable and honorable.

"(A second cause of the war was the different system of labor in the north and the south. In the north, laborers were freemen; in the south they were slaves. In the south the theory was that capital should own labor; in the north that both capital and labor were free. south fostered it."

This difference of opinion led to the formation of two great political parties. There was a diversity ot opinion in the north, as well as in the country at large; but when the south took desperate and active measures to dissolve the Union, all

'"'The cannon which bombarded Sumter awoke strange echoes, and touched forgotten chords in the American heart. American loyalty leaped into instant life and stood radiant and ready for the fierce encounter. From one end of the land to the other - in the crowded streets of cities and in the solitude of the country, wherever the splendor of the stars and stripes, the glittering emblems of our country's glory, meets the eye - came forth shouts of devotion and pledges of aid, which give sure guarantees for the perpetuity of American freedom.' "

Licking county shared this outburst of loyalty, and party lines for the time were swept aside. Her people arose above all sectional differences, and the language of Reid, in his admirable history of "Ohio in the War," will apply to the people of Licking county:

'They counted their sons and sent them forth. They followed them to the camps. They saw them waste in inaction and die of disease. Then they saw them led by incompetents to needless slaughter. Stricken with anguish, they still maintained their unshaken purpose. They numbered the people again and sent out fresh thousands. They followed them with generous gifts. They cared for the stricken families, and made desolate lives beautiful with the sweet charities of a gracious Christianity. They infused a religious zeal into the contest. They held their soldiers to be soldiers in a holy war; they truly believed that through battle and siege and reverse, God was waiting in His own good time to give them the victory. They saw the struggle broadening in its purposes as in its theater. They did not shrink while unseen hands were guiding them to ends they knew not of. to each one of them.

After a season the war came very near Almost every family had in it one dead for the holy cause; by almost every hearthstone rose lamentation and the sound of weeping for those that were not."

The duty of the historian, however, would fall short of its accomplishment did not he reveal, impartially and with candor, the fact that, notwithstanding the first outburst of patriotism, a- large portion of the people of Licking county grew faint of heart when actual warfare stared them in the face, and withdrew the sympathy and encouragement that had followed their sons to the field. A larger portion blindly heeded the dictation of partisan leaders, and allowed party fealty vo warp their earlier convictions of duty to their country. Many 'were outspoken in their opposition to the govern- Ment in its efforts to suppress the Rebellion. 'They discouraged enlistments, encouraged desertions, and in their general bearing seemed cast down by Union victories, and correspondently elated by Union defeats. But when the Union arms, and the supremacy of the Government was completely established, these men acquiesced in the general result, glad that the war was over and that their wavering and unstable convictions, all torn up by conflicting partisan elements during four long years, could now settle into that peaceful calm so acceptable to all citizens.

The federal enrollment of Licking county, subject to military duty for the years 1863 and 1864 was four thousand eight hundred and eighty. She furnished three thousand one hundred and sixty volunteers, who were mustered into the service of the United States for duty outside the 'State, besides the most of three hundred and sixtyeight men who were drafted, and four hundred and 'four men who served within the State, in the defence of Cincinnati, making a grand total of three thousand nine hundred and thirty-two, being over eighty per cent. of the whole number of her inhabitants capable of bearing arms, and making an army of soldiers greater than that of Washington when he crossed the Delaware. The numbers may be briefly stated in tabular form as follows:

Volunteers in 1861 1307 Volunteers in 1862 970 Recruits to the close of the war 3 392 National guards, one hundred days' service 491 Drafted men in 1862 361

'Total 3932 Many natives of Licking county enlisted in other counties and in other States who are not embraced in the above estimates. There was scarcely a battlefield of the war not represented by Licking county. The blood of her.

great unknown ; nation Which had long been unused to war. first, - but they were quickly by the other companies and regiments, which marched down the sanie street, and took their places in the army of the Union, - some to the east, sume to the west, but all with their faces to the south, and their homes behind them.

'There were boyish faces and forms in those ranks; but the years roll on, and those who were boys then, are men of middle age now. They were leaving family, friends and comforts. Their one thought was of home - their one impulse to battle for, and save the Union. And so the long months and years of that dark time went by. Call on call was made for fresh sacrifices, and fresh lives to offer up upon the altar of our country. The young lads who watched McDougal's company. march away, grew up and themselves took their places in the army of the Licking county herself had

"' And wherever the soldiers of Licking county have marched, wherever they have camped, and wherever they have fought, her sons have been in the foremost line of battle, their arms have held up the flag of the Union the highest, and their names to-day are inscribed among the brightest on their country's roll of honor. Her sons have fought, and their blood has been poured out on nearly a hundred battle-fields, from the Potomac to the Rio Grande. And in all that struggle, this county has never been called upon to blush for their honor, nor to share in their dishonor. Her sons have felt the scorching fires of Manasses; they joined in the wild cry of victory at Fort Donelson; they helped win and wear the laurels at the siege of Vicksburgh, they stood the brunt of battle under the low spreading branches of the forest of Shiloh; they fought among the clouds at Lookout Mountain; they pined and wasted in the prisons of the South; their blood has dampened the over Virginia, and with Sherman, they 'marched down to the ragged and decimated companies and

In the following pages a brief historical sketch of the companies that were wholly recruited in the county is given, together with a copy of the original muster-in rolls.

The history of the companies must necessarily be the same as that of the military career of the regiments to which they were attached, and the writer has largely drawn from the admirable accounts given of Ohio regiments in the book entitled "Ohio in the War."

The copies of the muster rolls are taken from those on file in the adjutant general's office in Columbus. There may be clerical errors in the copy as well as in the original, which will be readily detected by those readers who are amiliar with the names and dates of enrollment. The additions of recruits and the casualties are not given, as it would be impossible to do so within the limits of this work.

Following the list of companies mention is made of the detachments and recruits that went into other organizations, also other matters of interest pertaining to the military history and present military spirit of the county.

It will not be out of place to mention here the valuable services rendered by the 'Military Committee of Licking county" - Joseph White, Michael Morath, Colonel Andrew Legg, Dr. John N. Wilson, and Noah Wilkins.

The successful progress of enlistments, the care of the sick and wounded at home and in hospital, and the aid given to soldiers' families are largely due to the energy, capacity, and patriotism of these gentlemen.

and Christian work for the cause. They forwarded - great supplies of sanitary goods to the camps and hospitals in the field, and they soothed the sorrows of the widows and orphans at home.

WIDE-AWAKE CompaNy. - During the excitement of the presidential campaign of 1860 semi-military organizations were formed all over the country, bearing the name of "Wide-awakes." A Wide-awake company was organized in Newark, composed of young men enthused with the wide-spread presentiment of a coming storm anda determination to maintain with the sword the result of the ballot. The company was commanded by Captain Leonidas McDougal, and met for drill in the upper story of the building on Third street, lately occupied by the

When the war broke out the Newark Wideawakes almost to a man enlisted in the service of their country, and marched away under their gallant leader - Captain McDougal. It was a noticeable coincidence that the officers of the Wideawakes became the officers of old company H of the TFhird Ohio volunteers, the first of Licking county's spontaneous and generous contributions to the grand army of the Union.

Upon one occasion the citizens gave a supper and ball in honor of the Wide-awakes. Captain McDougal was called upon for a speech, and his only response was that he could not make a speech, but he knew how to command a company of Wide-awakes. Future events proved his qualifications as a commander when he led the boys through the fiery ordeal at Perryville, and gave his own life blood in defence of his country.

Company H, Turrpd Onto INFANTRY. - This was the first company organized in Licking county for the war of the Rebellion and its ranks were speedily filled in response to the first call of the President for volunteers.

The people of Newark well remember the wild excitement created in our streets when the dread news came of the first shot fired upon our flag at Sumter. Patriotism arose to fever heat; the young men quickly enrolled their names and prepared to march speedily away to the defence of their country; the beating of drums on the public square was heard day after day, and name after name was inscribed upon Licking's first muster roll.

The company was recruited by Captain Leonidas McDougal. Leroy S. Bell was commissioned first lieutenant and Frank P. Dale second lieutenant. It was mustered in the service of the United States with the Third Ohio infantry for three months service, on the twenty-seventh of April, 1861, and went into camp, first at Columbus, and afterwards at Camp Dennison, near: Cincinnati, where it drilled constantly during the month of May.

of June, and soon after was armed and equipped for the field. On the twentieth it was ordered to Grafton, Virginia, then the seat of war, and on the twenty-second crossed the Ohio river in time to claim the honor of being the first three years' regiment to leave the State. The regiment reported to General McClellan at Grafton and was assigned to General Schleich's brigade, consisting of the Fourth and Ninth Ohio infantry and Loomis' Michigan battery. It soon proceeded to Clarksburgh, where camp equipage was supplied and_preparations made for an active campaign.

From Clarksburgh it advanced with the army to Buckhannon, Virginia, and was at Rich Mountain in July. It continued to operate in West Virginia through the summer and fall months, having frequent skirmishes with the enemy.

In October Captain McDougal in command of two companies scouted the country as far as Marshall, the rebels having deserted their camps at Big Springs. At this time the first campaign of the company ended; a campaign of peculiar hardships to the new soldier, filled as it was with hard marches through the mud, amid pelting rain storms severe drilling and some fighting. In November the regiment moved down the Ohio river to Louisville and encamped near the city. It was here assigned to General O. H. Mitchell's division of the army of the Ohio. In December it marched for Elizabethtown, Kentucky, and went into winter quarters at Bacon creek, or Camp Jefferson, as it was styled.

In February, 1862, the regiment broke camp and marched over roads deep with mire through Bowling Green, and were the first troops to reach the vicinity of Nashville after the surrender of Fort Donelson. From Nashville the Third Ohio moved southward with General Mitchell's column and participated in the brilliant campaign which resulted in the capture of Murfreesborough, the occupation of Shelbyville and other Tennessee towns. It also took part in the sudden descent of the Union troops into the heart of the south in the vicinity of Huntsville and Decatur. At Bridgeport the regiment charged under the impetuous Mitchell, and drove the enemy across the bridge.

In August company H., with its regiment, The march to Louisville was one of extreme severity ; the weather was hot: thick, stifling dust covered the roads; the water courses were dried up, and the soldiers endured peculiar hardships and privations. The wary enemy evaded blows at every piont. Murfreesborough, Nashville and Bowling Green were passed, and on the twenty-fifth of September the old Third Ohio again entered Louisville. After a few days' rest the army again moved southward until the bloody battle ground was reached. Here the Third Ohio bore a conspicuous part. In the beginning of the action it took position in an open field on the right of the Perrysville road. The rebel attack was fierce and deadly, but notwithstanding its exposure the 'Third stood its ground, and returned volley for volley until over one-third its number had fallen dead or wounded. It was here that the gallant Captain McDougal fell, facing the foe, and Company H lost a loved and brave commander. Captain Leonidas Mc- Dougal was the son of Stephen McDougal, esq., an old resident of Newark, and the brother of Mrs. Luke K. Warner. His memory will ever be cherished by warm friends in Newark, who will always remember his admirable traits of character, his generous and chivalrous impulses, and his intense patriotism which led him to take the first step and lead the first band of volunteers from Licking county in that memorable war. His remains were brought from the battle-field, and interred in Cedar Hill cemetery.

After the battle of Perryville the regiment moved in pursuit of Bragg as far as Crab Orchard, Kentucky, and then once more marched to Nashville.

The battle of Stone River followed late in December, in which the Third Ohio bore a conspicuous part, losing heavily in the overwhelming tide of battle on the first day. On the second day it was posted on the extreme left, and at the last of the battle advanced in a double quick movement, capturing the rebel line of works with many prisoners. The regiment rested in camp until April, 1863, when it was detached to take part in the celebrated raid into Alabama, under Colonel Streight. The command was mostly mounted, and penetrated into the heart of the confederacy. It destroyed immense stores and munitions of war, but was so close pressed by overwhelming numbers that most of the command was finally captured near Rome, Georgia, but not until it had fought desperately with severe loss. Belle Isle and Libby Prison near Richmond, where they suffered all the horrors of prison life until May, 1863.

ing the chaplain and surgeons, were retained and incarcerated in Libby Prison. Here the daring Colonel Streight made his escape, and after many days and nights of wandering found his way into the Union lines. After its exchange the Third Ohio performed duty in Ohio in quelling disloyal uprisings at home. It also entered in the pursuit of John Morgan.

In August it was ordered to Nashville, and served in Tennessee and northern Georgia until the expiration of its term of service. The officers of the Third Ohio being retained in prison, no effort was made to re-enlist the regiment as veterans, therefore at the end of its first three years' term, June 23, 1864, the men were mustered out. However, many of its members re-enlisted in other regiments, and served gallantly to the close of the war. Nineteen men of company H, during its term of service, laid down their lives in defence of the country. Sixteen of the number now rest in Cedar Hill cemetery, who died during and since the war.

Company E, TWELFTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY - Company E, of the Twelfth Ohio infantry, was recruited at Newark, by Captain Andrew Legg. It moved to Camp Dennison and was mustered into the service for three years, on the twenty-eighth of June, 1861. The regiment left Camp Dennison July 6th, and reached the seat of war on the fourteenth. The battle of Scary Creek was fought on the seventecath of July, with a loss of five killed and thirty wounded in the regiment. In a few days the regiment entered Charleston, West Virginia, and from that place it moved to Gauley bridge.

On the thirteenth of August, eight companies marched to Camp Piatt, thence to Clarksburgh, West Virginia, and were assigned to General Benham's brigade. They then proceeded southward engaging in numerous skirmishes, but finally joining the other two companies on the sixteenth of October. After several attempts to engage in battle, the Twelfth was transfered to General Cox's brigade, December roth, and went into winter quarters at Charleston.

was ordered to the army of the Potomac August t5th, and arrived at Alexandria on the twentyfourth, In the meantime, Captain Legg had resigned, June 20, 1862. The regiment met the enemy at Bull Run bridge, August 27th, and was defeated with a loss of nine killed and sixty-cight wounded. On the seventh of September, the company advanced into Maryland, and on the fourteenth it engaged in the battle of South Mountain, taking part in three bayonet charges, and with the regiment captured three battle flays, a large number of small arms and over two hundred prisoners, with a loss of sixteen killed and ninetyone wounded. On the seventeenth, the Twelfth was engaged at Antietam with a considerable loss. After the battle it marched for West Virginia, wa Hagerstown and Hancock, Maryland, but on arriving at Hancock it moved into Pennsylvania to work against Stewart's cavalry. Stewart having retreated, the Twelfth returned to Hancock and arrived at Clarksburgh, West Virginia, October 16th. On the fourth of December the company marched to Fayette Court House, West Virginia, and went into winter quarters. Here it was assigned to the Second brigade, Third division, Eighth army corps. The brigade, under Colonel White, repulsed the enemy's attack on Fayette Court House, May 19, 1863. The Twelfth marched against the enemy at Piney creek on the thirteenth of July, but the rebels retreated and the regiment returned to Fayette Court House. On the seventeenth, the brigade was ordered to Ohio to assist in capturing John Morgan, and after guarding fords for several days it returned to Fayette Court House. On the fourth of November the Twelfth marched against Lewisburgh, but was unsuccessful. On the ninth of December, however, it made another move on Lewisburgh, as a diversion for General Averill, with a slight loss,

The company left Fayette Court House on the third of May, 1864, and marched to Cloyd's mountain, where it engaged'in battle. The fight lasted over an hour, and the regiment lost eleven killed and sixty-eight wounded. Surgeon Graham and nineteen men, who were on the field taking care of the wounded, fell into the enemy's hands. The Twelfth marched northward, and on the nineteenth reached Blue Sulphur Springs. Remaining there a few days, it moved on to Staunton and joined the forces under Hunter. On the seventeenth of June the company went to Lynchburgh, and met the enemy in force a few miles from the city. ibive Twelfth and Ninety-first Ohio regiments charged the enemy and drove them back in disorder. The regiment captured a number of prisoners and lost eight killed and eleven wounded. On the nineteenth the Twelfth marched to Liberty, then proceeded northward and arrived at Camp Piatt, on the Kanawha river, June 29th. The company was ordered to Columbus, Ohio, July 2nd, and was mustered out of the service July 11, 1864. During its term of service, company E had marched over four thousand miles, and sustained a loss in killed of twenty-six men. The veterans of this company were transferred to the Twentythird regiment after three years' term of service.

Company D, TWENTY-SECOND OHIO VOLUNTEER Inrantry. - Company D, of the Fwenty-second Ohio infantry, was recruited in the western part of | the county, by Captain Homer Thrall, and mustered into the service November 5, 1861. It was assigned to a regiment raised for service in General Fremont's department in Missouri, and was first designated as the Thirteenth Missouri infantry, although officered by Ohio men, and its ranks filled tip mostly by enlistments from the Buckeye State. However, on the seventh of July, 1862, the Secretary of War, recognizing the absurdity of designating the regiment by an erroneous title, issued an order transferring the Thirteenth Missouri regiment to the State of Ohio, to be named the Twenty-second Ohio infantry. On the twentysixth of January, 1862, the regiment was ordered to go to Cairo, Illinois, and report to Brigadier General Grant, then commanding that district. At Cairo it was met by orders to proceed to Smithland, Kentucky, and report to Colonel Lanman, but on its arrival at Smithland orders came to make preparations to support a cavalry reconnoissance then in progress toward Fort Henry. This was on the thirty-first,of January. After reaching Fort Henry it was found that General Grant was in possession of that fort, and was busily engaged in preparing for an attack on Fort Donelson. The next move was to Clarksville, thence to Pittsburgh Landing, where the company

Shiloh was commenced on the sixth of April, 1862, and lasted two days, during which time the regiment lost in killed and wounded eighty-nine officers and men. The battle of Shiloh was succeeded by the advance on Corinth, which ended about the twenty-sixth of May, 1862.

On the third of October rebel generals Price and Van Dorn attempted to take Corinth, but were defeated by Major General Rosecrans, then commanding the national forces. Nothing of im- 'portance occurred until the twenty-ninth of May, 1863, when the regiment was ordered to move to Memphis, and on arriving there found prepara. 'tions being made to move towards Vicksburgh.

On the first of June the regiment embarked on transports for Haine's Bluff, on the Yazoo river, In that place it was engaged in throwing up earthworks until July 16th, when orders were received to report at Helena, Arkansas. General Steele was at this point organizing the army of the Arkansas. The Twenty-second Ohio was made part of this organization, and left Helena for Little Rock on the thirteenth of August, 1863. The company had remained in Little Rock a little over a month when orders were issued for the regiment to go to Brownsville, Arkansas, to assist in guarding the railroad beteen Little Rock and Duvall's Bluff. Nearly one year was consumed in this duty, and during this time nothing of importance took place, with the exception of occasional pursuits after guerillas.

On the twenty-sixth of October, 1864, the regiment received orders to go to Camp Dennison, Ohio, at which place, on the eighteenth of November, it was mustered out of service, completing its term of three years.

Muster In Roll Of Company D, Twenty-Second Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry

This company was originally organized as Company D, Thirteenth Missouri regiment. - named Twenty-second Ohio by order of Secretary of War July 7, 1862.

Company C, TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. - This company was recruited in the summer of 1861 by Captain Edwin Nichols, and was mustered into the service in August. George B. Upham, of Newark, was commissioned first lieutenant, and Jonathan Rees, of Newark, second lieutenant. The first move was toward St. Louis, Missouri, near which city efforts were made to perfect the men in drill and discipline.

In September the regiment moved, by steamer, to St. Charles, and thence to Mexico, Missouri. Soon after this, orders were received to march to the relief of Colonel Mulligan, at Lexington.

In October the company joined General Fremont, then moving on Springfield; but General Hunter appeared on the scene of action, so the regiment was ordered to Sedalia.

In February, 1862, the regiment proceeded to St. Louis, where it arrived, after a severe march, on the twentieth, and the next day it moved down the river.and landed at Commerce.

In March the army moved upon New Madrid, the Twenty-seventh being in the advance. After a successful battle, the regiment proceeded to Pittsburgh Landing, and moved on Corinth, forming the left of Halleck's army. This was about the first of May, 1862.

ber was brought together at Corinth. But they had scarcely reached Corinth when General Price attacked the small force left at Iuka, and took possession of the place. The Ohio brigade was a part of the force sent to re-capture the town, which it reached on the nineteenth of September. In a short time it returned to Corinth, and encamped near the town. Van Dorn made a vigorous attack on the Ohio brigade, but was repulsed. In this engagement the regiment lost about sixty men. After returning to Corinth the regiment received two hundred recruits - a very timely addition, as the Twenty-seventh was much reduced in number. On the first of November, the Ohio brigade marched toward Grand Junction to join Grant's army, and with that army marched to Oxford, Mississippi. The brigade was afterward ordered to Jackson, Tennessee, to assist in driving back the rebels. After considerable marching, the brigade encountered Forrest at Parker's cross-roads, and took an active part in the engagement at that place. The regiment was attached to General Dodge's command anc moved eastward with him through Iuka and Tuscumbia valley. The Ohio brigade was ordered to Memphis, and remained some time in that place performing garrison duty. In October, 1863, the brigade left Memphis and moved to Iuka. In the march from Iluka the 'Fwenty-seventh was in the advance brigade, and moved from eighteen to twenty miles per day, and encamped at night a short distance in advance of the main column. General Dodge finally halted at Pulaski, but the Ohio brigade marched about fifteen miles south of that place. Here the troops were employed in building bridges and fortifications. When. this work was about completed, the Twenty-seventh re-enlisted as veterans and were furloughed to their homes. Soon after their return to the field, the Ohio brigade marched against Decatur and captured it. While at Decatur the Ohio brigade was discontinued, and the Twentyseventh and Thirty-ninth Ohio, Sixty-fourth Illinois, and Eighteenth Missouri constituted the First brigade of the Fourth division, Sixteenth army corps. On the first of May, 1864, the Fourth division moved from Decatur and joined the main army at Chattanooga. The regiment was engaged with Hood's corps on the twenty-eighth of May, and lost heavily, both othcers and men. On the twenty-second of July, before Atlanta, the regiment fought one of its most severe battles. Two miles southeast of Atlanta, near where they fell, rest the heroes of the Twentyseventh who were killed upon that field. In August the regiment was sent to Marietta, where it remained until the fall of Atlanta. The regiment pursued Hood northward, and, after returning, marched with Sherman to the sea, skirmishing near Savannah with slight loss.

At Cheraw, South Carolina, the Twenty-seventh was the first regiment to enter the town, skirmishing with the rebel cavalry. The regiment then moved toward Washington, and in July, 1865, was ordered to Camp Dennison, when the members received their final payment and discharge. Company C had lost ten men in the service, and many more were disabled by wounds received in battle. Lieutenant George B. Upham died in Missouri early in the war, and his loss was deeply deplored by his comrades in arms as well as by many warm friends at home. Captain Nichols was promoted to major and lieutenant colonel before the close of the war, and Lieutenant Rees was promoted to a captaincy. William E. Ells, of Newark, was promoted to first lieutenant and quartermaster of the regiment.

Company C, THIRTY-FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. - -This company was recruited in the summer of 1861, by Captain John H. Putnam. On the twenty-seventh of September, with the regiment, it received marching orders and reported to Brigadier General O. M. Mitchell, at Cincinnati. The regiment moved on to Camp Dick Robinson, Kentucky, October 2d, and there went through with a regular course of drill, which rendered it more efficient. The company remained here until the twelfth of December, when it moved to Somerset, and on the nineteenth of January, 1862, it marched to the assistance of General Thomas at the battle of Mill Springs, but, on account of bad roads, it arrived too late to take part in, the engagement. Here the regiment was assigned to the First brigade, First division, Army of the Ohio. Preparations were made to follow the retreating rebels, but the plans were changed, and the troops moved to Louisville. The regiment embarked on the steamer Magnolia, and proceeded down the Ohio and up the Cumberland, landing at Nashville. Owing to the inconveniences to which the men were subjected, much sickness ensued, so that on disembarking less than one-half were fit for duty. After a short rest, however, the health of the men improved greatly, and the regiment moved southward with Buell's army. The regiment advanced with the army toward Corinth, and durin the march was engaged frequently in skinning with the rebels. After the evacuation of the es it_ marched in pursuit of the rebels about roel miles, and then returned and went into camp ae Corinth. On the twenty-second of June the aa ment marched toward Iuka, and on the bea sixth continued the march toward Tuscumbia Here the fourth of July was celebrated. The speeches were made by several of the officers. The regiment was divided into detachments, and two companies were sent to Decatur, and one company was sent to Trinity. On the nineteenth the brigade marched for Huntsville by way of Decatur, arriving at the latter place on the twentysecond. After the brigade had crossed the Tennessee river a messenger arrived with the information that the detachment at Trinity had been attacked by a large force of mounted rebels. The rebels were repulsed, but one-half of the detachment was killed or wounded. The regiment moved with the army to Huntsville, and thence to Decherd, Tennessee. At the battle of Perryville the regiment was under fire, but was not actively engaged. After the battle the march was continued to Nashville, and from this point the army moved toward Murfreesborough. In the battle of Stone River the Thirty-first acquitted itself nobly. On the twenty-third of June, 1863, the regiment started on the Tullahoma campaign. On the twenty-sixth it was engaged at Hoover's Gap, where, in connection with the Seventeenth Ohio, it carried a position defended by two rebel brigades. The regiment took part in the battle at Chickamauga, and suffered severely. The next engagement was at Brown's Ferry. About this time the regiment re-enlisted and received a furlough for thirty days. After returning to the field, with an increase in number, the regiment marched on the Atlanta campaign. On the fourteenth of May, 1864, it was engagad in an assault upon the enemy's line in front of Resaca, and lost heavily. After the fall of. Atlanta the regiment marched in pursuit of Hood, but the chase was soon abandoned. The Thirty-first moved with Sherman's army toward the sea, leaving Atlanta on the sixteenth of November. Nothing of importance occurred until the works 'around Savannah were reached. After the surrender of the city the regiment remained in camp until the twentieth of February, 1865, when it moved on the campaign of the Carolinas. After this the regiment moved to Washington city and participated in the grand review. It was then transferred to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was mustered out on the twentieth of July, 1865. Captain Putnam resigned on the first of February, 1863. John H. McCune and Eli Wilkins, of

Newark, were promoted to captains and commanded the company during its most brilliant career. Captain McCune was on staff duty most of the time and was eminently qualified for that branch of the service. Samuel S. Southard, of Newark, was promoted to first lieutenant and served to the close of the war. Anson B. White and Charles Babbitt, two Newark boys, also held commissions as second lieutenants.

Company G, Forty-stxTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. - This company was recruited in the western part of the county, by Captain Philip A. Crow, and was mustered in with the regiment on the sixteenth of October, 1861. It left Camp Chase for the field February 18, 1862, and was attached to General Sherman's division at Paducah, Kentucky. The Forty-sixth was one of the advance regiments up the Tennessee to the famous battleground of Shiloh, and on that memorable day was posted near the Shiloh church.

On Saturday, April 5th, companies B and K were on picket. During the night the enemy was feeling the Federal lines, and at daylight his columns were seen deploying in the distance.

At sunrise a rebel cavalry officer rode up within thirty yards of the picket line; checking his horse with apparent composure, inquired: 'Are these Union pickets?" He was told they were, and ordered to halt, but turning his horse rode for the woods, when the unerring rifle of Sergeant Glenn sped a ball through the officer's brain. Before the sun had set on that day Sergeant Glenn also lay stark and stiff on the bloody field.

The Forty-sixth Ohio stood the impetuous charge of the rebel hosts on that bright Sunday morning, and met with a loss of two hundred and eighty killed and wounded. The regiment remained upon the battle-field until the twenty-seventh of April, when it moved with the army upon Corinth.

In June, 1863, the Forty-sixth participated in the siege of Vicksburgh. On the fourth of July, after the surrender, the regiment moved toward Jackson, and in the evening halted in the vicinity of Big* Black river.

Companies E and K were ordered forward to the ford at Birdsong's ferry, but they had been there only a short time when it was discovered that the enemy was on the opposite bank.

On the tenth of October, the regiment, with the Fifteenth corps, under General Sherman, embarked for Memphis, and from there it marched to the relief of Chattanooga.

At the battle of Mission Ridge the regiment was engaged, with a heavy loss in killed and wounded. Immediately after this battle the regiment moved on the Knoxville campaign, and then went into winter quarters at Scottsborough, Alabama.

Resaca, where it was actively engaged for three days, but with slight loss. The regiment then moved on to Dallas. On the twenty-seventh of May the rebels made an attack on our forces, but were repulsed. In the battle of -New Hope Church, which occurred about the first of June, the Forty-sixth formed a conspicuous part, the enemy being defeated. On the ninth of June, the brigade accompanied General Garrard's cavalry to the vicinity of Kenesaw, at which place severe skirmishing was engaged in, with considerable loss on both sides. The regiment arrived in the vicinity of Atlanta on the evening of the twentieth, and at that place was engaged in skirmishing until the twenty-second. At Ezra church the regiment was again engaged. On the third of August the brigade took up an advanced position, and the Fortysixth, with details from other regiments, was ordered to drive in or to capture the enemy's outposts. The contest was severe, but it resulted in the capture of about one hundred prisoners. From this time the regiment was constantly engaged in fighting until the twenty-sixth, when it took part in Sherman's flank movement to Jonesborough. On the second of September, the regiment was again engaged, and captured the enemy's fortified skirmish line. The regiment followed Hardee's retreating army and halted near Lovejoy's station. A hand-to-hand conflict followed, but finally the enemy was forced to retire, and the Forty-sixth captured about fifty prisoners. The regiment participated in the campaign against Hood in Georgia and Alabama, and returned to Atlanta on the fifth of November. It next proceeded to Savannah. Nothing extraordinary occurred until in the vicinity of Griswoldsville, when the brigade was ordered to move toward Macon. The advance soon came upon Geneval Kilpatiick, who was engaging Wheeler's cavalry. An infantry skirmish line soon dispersed the cavalry and the brigade moved on. On the tenth of January, 1865, the regiment embarked on a steamer for Beaufort, South Carolina. On the twenty-seventh, it marched to Bentonville, thence to Raleigh, when the news of the surrender of Lee's army was received, and shortly after, at the same point, General Johnston surrendered to

This regiment was famous for its fighting qualities during the war, and under the leadership of the gallant Colonel Walcutt made a record, during its term of service, that will adorn the brightest pages of history. Captain Crow resigned early in the war, and the company was commanded by other officers during its active service.

The records show a loss of killed among the Licking volunteers in this company of four men, but the loss must have been greater, considering the many engagements in which it participated.