Plymouth County, Massachusetts - Biographical sketches (6 of 6 so headed), 1884 (part 2 of 2)

"The location of the village of Hull is a highly favorable one for the purposes of agriculture. The houses and gardens all lie between two prominent hills, of great length, running from south to west; they are, coo3ei|uently, shielded from the searching north and northeast winds. These hills arc composed of rich pasture-lands, of well-cultivated and productive fields, fruit-trees, etc. The soil is said to be e(|Ual to any in New England. This is probably true, as everything appears to have a rank and vigorous growth. There is a large number of winter pear-trees in full bearing, some of which are one hundred and fifty years old. The last year's crop of this fruit brought three hundred dollars. Next to fishing, the chief employment of the inhabitants is agriculture. The hills are covered with flocks of sheep, and the pastures give sustenance and comfort to numerous cows, horses, and oxen. Hull will often remind one of a thriving agricultural town in the interior. I would here remark that the residents sell their baru-manure to farmers in Dorchester and Roxbury, and spread upon their own lands kelp and rockweed, which are found in abundance all along the shore. . . . The population of Hull in 1810 was 132; in 1820, 172; 1830, 198; 1840, 230 ; and at this time [1845] it is supposed to be about 270. These statistics show that there has been a gradual increase in the population since the commencement of the present century, but the number of inhabitants now is probably not more than it was in 1775, when there were fifty houses in Hull, each house, doubtless, containing five or six souls. The town has the honor of having given birth - or, to speak more correctly, one of its women claimed that honor - to one graduate of Harvard University, the Rev. Israel Loring, who died in 1772, at Sudbury (where he was settled sixty-six years), at the advanced age of ninety. . . .

" The temperance cause was early agitated in Hull, from which fact I infer that some of the first settlers, their children, or their grandchildren, were addicted to sipping 'bimbo''' and other strong drinks from tin cups. In 1721 . . . the town voted that no tavern or public-house should be kept within its limits. And from that day to this [18451] intoxicating drinks have rarely been sold in the towu of Hull. At the other end of the beach, perhaps, a diffL-reut story might have been told when you and I were young, 'long time ago.' When the fiahermun of Hull, or any of its inhabitants or transient visitors, want a ' drop of comfort,' they have to go or send to Boston for it. New England rum is the I'avorite beverage of most of the consumers, who take it iu tlie pure, natural state, as many of our farmers in the interior do while making hay. ... At the suggestion of Capt. Sturgis and Mr. Tower, the Humane Society have recently erected a new boat-house on the north aide of Stony Beach, near Point Alderton, iu which there is au clegaut, substantial, copper-fastened life-boat, of extensive dimeiisious. I should think it capable of holding thirty or forty persons, besides her ' gallant crew.' She is calculated for eijrht oars. This boat was much wanted. There are now two excellent boats there, one of which is on the northeast side, besides two ' huoiane houses' for the accooiniodation of ; wrecked seamen. . . . One of the boats at Hull has ' been the means of saving forty or fifty lives from seven different vessels. The society [Massachusetts Humane] has recently presented Moses B. Tower, of this place, with a (;old medal for his exertions in saving the crew of the brig ' Tremout.' . . .

"In Hull bay there are several islands on which are produced yearly many tons of excellent hay, be- ' sides large quantities of corn, oats, barley, and rye, ! and the hills on the main land are also productive. These prominent and beautiful eminences, when our Pilgrim fathers lauded on these shores and the Indian trod the soil in the majesty of his nature and his strength, with no one to molest or make him afraid, were crowned with vigorous oaks. Now we see no sign of the Indian or the oak ; both have long since been swept away by the march of civilization and the I hand of modern improvement, and in the places they ' once occupied we see the tall grass waving in luxuriance, and the corn ripening in the sun. . . . The saltworks of Mr. Tudor, at the Point, are an object of some interest to visitors at Hull. Mr. Tudor may be considered an amateur salt manufacturer, for he certainly cannot make much money by his works. ' There arc about five thousand feet of vats, and the quantity of salt made is fifteen hundred bushels, ; which sells at three dollars per hogshead, or forty cents per bushel at retail. ... A few years since there were nine thousand feet of works in operation, , and in one year three thousand bushels of salt were , made. There is a large reservoir on the beach, which is filled at every high tide. The water from this is forced some distance through logs into the vats by a windmill. ... i

" The town of Hull, through her reprcsputative, Mr. Tower, made Marcus Morton Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is this fact ! which has given her much of the notoriety she possesses. I understand, from a good source, that there are about fifty voters belonging to the town, in all, . . . some of them traveling a distance of six miles by i hind, and others two or three by water, to discharge this most important duty of a freeman. Add to this , the fact that one-half the voters are engaged in lightering and fishing, as long as it is safe to run their i vessels, and the reader will readily perceive that it is ' easy to account for the small number of votes cast at our gubernatorial elections, a fact which has given rise to the expression, ' As goes Hull, so goes the State!'' When Mr. Tower was elected there was a great political excitement - it was ' diamimJ cut diamond' ; but the Democrats outwitted their opponents, after a hard struggle (between the Atlas party- and the office-holders), by getting down from Boston the crews of several vessels belonging tu Hull. They reached home the evening previous to the election (the second trial), and, by their votes the next day, they established the political character of the Bay State for the following year. And let it be remembered, too, that [this was done by a .single vote - by the representative of the smallest t(jwn in the commonwealth, chosen under the peculiar eireuuijtauces I have mentioned.' . . .

' I have taliun some pains to examine into the circumstauces attending the two elections of Mr. Morton as (lovcrnor oI'Miissachusetts, since cbeso events are frequently allu<le>l to (;in<l nut always correctly) us notable episodes in the political liis[ui-y of thu couimohweallh. In the journal of the lUmse for .hine lii, 1840, I tinJ a '* report of the joint special cotuiuiiiec to wbuui were referred tbe returns of votes for Governor and Lieutcuunt Governor," cast in tbe previous November, in wliicb tlie following tabular statement is given ;

It will thus be seen that Mr. Morton carried the election by one vote, - that is to say : had he received one les^ vote than lie did he would have failed of a majority, aud the election of a Governor would have gone to tbe Legislature, in accordance with the law at that time. Nowadays a simple ]>liirality elect?. This is precisely what did happen three years later. In the ."^tate election held Nov. 14, 1842, it was tinally decided that there were 59,118 votes necessary for a choice. Marcus Morton bad o6,66U, according to the revised returns, and John Davis, hi.', nearest opponent, 6o,0o9. The election was thu*' thrown info tbe Legislature. The House on Jan. It>, 1S4:^>, balloteil for the -'first candidate for Governor." The first ballot resulted as follows :

At this point (according to tbe HohIoii Aiinit of the following dayj " Mr. Walley said that one more vote had been thrown than there were mcuibors present ; 348 votes had been cast, anil Mesi^rs. Hardy and Douglas of Lowell, Hyde of Sturbridge, and Fowie of Boston, were absent, and it whs well known that

" Note, June, 1848. We are glad to find that a change for the better has come over the people of Hull since 1845. They have waked up considerably within one year, and tiic town ia now going ahead at a pretty smart rate. The politics of the voters have undergone a material change : the Whigs now outnumber the Democrats more than three to one. At the congressional election in April last Mr. Maun received 24 votes and Mr. Whittaker only 6. . . . At the previous gubernatorial election in the fall of 1847, Mr. Briggs received 19 votes and Mr. Gushing 9. The military men did not turn out in their full strength, owing to some supposed indignity cast at them by the Governor. At the last general training, in May, there were twenty-four names on the

Tliua, by a majority of one vote, Mr. Morton's name was sent to llio Senate as *' Hrst candidate for Governor," according to the phrase of that day. The House on the same day elected .loliii Davis as the "second candid.ite for Governor*',- and on the day following the Senate elected Mr. Morton Governor, as follows :

In the Boston Atlas of Jan. 17, 1343, which had bitterly opposed Morton, appeared an editorial headed "The Collins Governor," in which the following language occurred; "There is not now the shadow of a doubt that Marcus Morton will be elected this day as Governor of Massachusetts, In 1339 he wns elected Governor by one vote majority at the popular election. Now, not having votes enough at the election by the people, he comes into the office by a single vole in the House of Representatives, and that vote given to him by a member from one of the strongest Whig towns in the commonwealth, who voted against the known and expressed wishes of his constituents, uud basely betrayed the interests he was sent here to sustain. This man is the member from Eastham, B. U. A. Collins, whose name we have before announced," etc, etc. Any descendant of Mr. Collins who may chance to read these lines need not feel that any stigma is thereby, of necessity, cast upon his kinsmHo's memory. The charge was made by a newspaper smarting under the election of a man whom it opposed. It is only inserted here to show that the "one vote" by whioh, practically, Mr. Morton was for the second time made Governor, could be ascribed to any one of the representatives who voted for him, according as one might please, - that is, that the "Shade of Aldcn" had just as good a right to claim it for Hull, as the AtUm had U> charge it upon Collins. It is one of those matters which cannot, in the nature of things, be dctiuitely pinned down as the act of a particular man. Perhaps it is hotter so. - A. E. S.

muster-roll, as we learned from Capt. Lawton. At this present writing the voters are, almost to a man. Democratic Whigs, and friendly to Gen. Taylor as next President, , . . The town has now a milliliter, and pays him a moderate salary. He is a Methodist, and appears peculiarly well fitted for the station he occupies. His name is Bates. He is a good preacher, intellectually strong, and has a bold delivery, lie is sixty-eight years old, but looks much younger. . . . Father Bates was born in Cohasset. He followed fishing until he was fourteen years of age, when he went to Vermont to be educated. , , . Among other improvements in Hull since 1845, it should be mentioned that two wharves for the accommodation of vessels, steamboats, and fishermen have been built, one by Mr. [John] Mitchell, a short distance from Tower's hotel, which is 170 feet long and 100 wide. It is a substantial structure, well put together, and partly built of stone. It cost about §2000, Mr. Tudor has extended his wharf by adding an L to it, 50 by 60 feet. His wharf is now about 200 feet long. The depth of water at the end of it, at low tide, is from 10 to 12 feet, ... A new town hall is in progress near the pond in front of Main Street, which will cost about a thousand dollars. The upper room is to be devoted to town-meetings, and the lower one to education and religion."

Hull did her whole duty in the Kcbellion, raising twenty-two soldiers and two sailors. Three men were lost in service : Sergt, Ansel P. Loring, Company E, Forty-seventh, killed on duty near New Orleans, June 24, 1863, his body having been found floating in the Mississippi, with shot-wounds through the head; Nathaniel R. Hooper, Company F, Twentieth, killed at Fredericksburg, Dec. 11, 1862; and John M. Cleverly, Company A, Third Rhode Island Cavalry, at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, of chronic diarrhoea.

Among the noteworthy old houses at Hull, the Cusbing house may properly be mentioned. It was built as a parsonage for Rev, Ezra Carpenter, one of the early ministers, and is still well preserved. More than a century ago, when it was occupied by Capt, Souther, formerly of the British navy, the patriot James Otis frequently made it his summer home. It is thought that the old Hunt house was built for Rev. Mr. Mathews' parsonage. Revs. Zechariah Whitman and Samuel Yeazie are known to have occupied it, and the latter made a painting in the kitchen which is still preserved. The house was later the home of William Haswell, a British naval officer and father of Mrs. Rowson (the talented lady alluded to in the opening portion of tho present sketch). Haswell lived there until the revolt of the colouiea against British tyranny. Within a few years the venerable house was purchased by Mr. John Boyle O'Rtilly, the Irish- i American poet and editor of the Boston Pilot. The Oregon House, the largest hotel in Hull village, was built in 1848 from materials of the barracks at Castle I.slaud. It has been considerably enlarged since that time.

During recent years Hull village has shared in the prosperity resulting from the rising prominence of the region as a summer resort, and a large number of cottagers make the old town their home during the hot months. On the old steamboat wharf is situated the picturesque club-house of the Hull Yacht Club, which numbers nearly five hundred members. The bay inside of Hull is a favorite resort for yachtsmen, and many interesting aquatic events take place there each year in the boating season. At Windmill Point, the very tip end of the territory of Hull, is located a second stea\nboat wharf. It is here that the Nantasket Beach Railroad makes one of its termini, the stations being directly in front of the mammoth Hotel Pemborton, one of those great caravansaries peculiar to the American watering-place of the present day.

Telegraph Hill, the most conspicuous eminence in the village of Hull, overlooking the harbor and its approaches, is owned by an elderly lady residing in Hiugliam, who persistently refuses either to sell or lease it. Were it to come into the market it would be quickly dotted with attractive summer cottages. The hill has on its summit the ruins of an old fort, within whose embrasures rises a small wooden structure with a square tower. This is the signal station from which the passage of inward-bound shipping is telegraphed to the Boston Merchants' Exchange. Before the invention of the telegraph a similar end was accomplished through the use of semaphores.'

seuapbore wiia the first really efficient telegraph. It was invented by Claude Chupp6, and adopted by the Frcacb goveriaiient in 1794. Subsequently, uader various moditicatioDS, it cauc into use in nearly every civilized country. It consisted uf an upright post supporting a horizontal bar, which, turning upon a pivot, could be placed at various inctioatioaa. This bad two smaller arms pivoted to its extremities, and capable of being turned at various angles with them. By indepuudetit niovcuient of the parts the apparatus was susceptible of ninetyeight distinct positions, and of exhibiting the same number of diHereuC signals, which could be made to represent either letters, number;', words, or sentences. The speed of trunsmiesion under the most favorable circumstances was abitut three signals per minute. [The electric telegraph of the present day can bo worked at a rate of speed exceeding forty words per minute. - A. K. S.] The semaphores were placed upon high towers, usually about four or live miles apart. Much ingenuity was expended by Chuppe and others in arranging a system of lights to enable I he semaphore to be used at night, but with only partial suc-

A tower stood on Central Wharf, Boston, whence the signals (as repeated from an intervening island) were observed and repeated to the Old State-lluuse. At first the names and characters of incoming ships were indicated by wooden arms, at varying angles, on a tall staff. Later, however, a set of one hundred atid twelve different flags, one for each shipping merchant of Boston, was in use. Vessels entering the bay bore their owner's colors, and their identity was thus easily made out and signalled to Boston. The furt was built during the Revolution, the exact date and the circumatances of its construction, however, being somewhat uncertain. On the southeasterly slope of the hill is the village graveyard. Within it lie buried representatives of the old families of the town, some of whose descendants walk about the streets of Hull at the present day.

Receipts And Expendituues

cess. In fogs and snow-storms, moreover, this system was entirely useless. Until the introduction of the electric telegraph almost every country in Europe maintained lines of semapliores between its capital and the most important ports upon its seaboard. Perhaps the most important and costly undertaking uf this kind waa the great line constructed by Nicholas I. of Russia from the Austrian frontier through ^Varsaw to St. Petersburg, and which was composed of two hundred iind tvventy stations. The semaphores were erected upon the summits of substantial and lofty towers, and the whole work coot several millions uf dollars. - Johitnoit'a Ct/ctopH'diit.

2 In 1831 a change was made in the manner of fixing the town's valuation, which accounts for the apparent large increase over the previous year.

Nantasket Beach. - It is nearly a century since Nantasket Beach began its career as a pleasure resort, - in a small way, to be sure, as a desirable rendezvous for picnic parties, but nevertheless a beginning. In 1826 a Mr. Worrick opened a small public-house near the southerly end of the Beach, called " The Sportaman," which was the resort of Daniel Webster and other distinguished men, and is still in existence and occupied as a summer cottage. The first steamboat pier was built in 1869, and the boats of the Boston and Hingham Steamboat Company, which had for half a century previous been running to Hinghum, began to touch at Nantasket Beach. Those who came once, returned to busy cities charmed with the spot. They told their friends of the Arcadia which they had discovered. The tens of visitors became scores, and the scores hundreds; and, notably within the past ten years, or even less, a spirit of enterprise and progress has entered into the very atmosphere of the place, until now the number of tourists who visit the Beach during the warm months is only to be measured by thousands. In place of the unpretentious hotels of the early hosts, now are seen great caravansaries, architecturally beautiful without, and supplied within with every comfort and convenience which a guest may desire. Upon the once barren knolls and hillaides have been reared handsome cottages, many of which are occupied by Boston's wealthy families.

One thing which gives Nantaaket Beach no inconsiderable prestige is the fact that its tone has always been high. Without being a Newport, where none but millionaires find congenial companionsiiip awaiting them, the Beach has drawn to itself the patronage of the masses of people of moderate means, but of taste and refinement as well. In the parlors and upon the piazzas of its great hotels silks rustle and diamonds glisten ; and women and men, whose manners and speech entitle them to the appellation of ladies and gentlemen, promenade or converse, or listen to the music of an evening. Upon the roadways ~ many a neat private turnout is seen, and the indications of wealth are not difficult of discovery in many directions. It should not be inferred, however, that Nantasket is a spot where the poor man has no place. On the contrary, there is no summer resort known to the writer where the laboring man and his family can enjoy a day's or a week's " outing" to more advantage to themselves, or at less expense, than here. Any well-behaved person, high or low, rich or poor, is always sure of courteous treatment, as well as of renewed vigor and strength from the sea-breezes, the bathing, and the many charming accessories of this favorite resort.

It is not the purpose of the present writer to enter into a conventional description, d la guide-book, of this best-known summer resort in New England. It is known the country over to thousands upon thousands of tourists. The unsurpassed beauty of the steamer trip of an hour's duration from Boston to Nantasket pier, the manifold natural attractions of the Beach, the bountiful provision made to entertain the visitor, the excellence of its hotels and orchestras, - all these things, and much more, are already known of all men. To recount them in detail in an article such as this would be but a waste of valuable space.

" Roll on, thou deep and dark-blue ocean, - roll I Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain ; Man marks the earth with ruin, - bis control Stops with the shore; . . . Ills steps are not upon thy puthrj, - thy fields Are not a spoil for him, - thou dost artsc And shake him from thee; . . . Unchangeable save to thy wild waves' play, - Time writes no wrinkle on thine azure brow, - Sueh »a creation's dawn beheld, thuu rollest now."

Were the writer another Byron, he knows of no fitter spot to vbit in search of scenes which should inspire his muse to lofty flights than Nanta^sket Beach. The sea, in its ever-changing aspects, has ever been a favorite theme for poetic song, though few writers have equaled in grandeur of thought and expression the stanzas of which the above-quoted lines are a part. It is at Nantasket that old ocean can be studied in all its thousand phases ; from the calm, blue expanse, dotted with glistening sails, shimmering in the summer sunlight, or glowing redly with the bright reflection from sunset-hued clouds, to the heaving, seething caldron, whose angry, white-capped waves come dashing up the level beach, or shatter themselves against rocky cliffs, as if to rend them.

Until within recent years travel along the Beach was restricted to vehicles. Now, however, by means of the Nantasket Beach Railroad, extending from Hotel Pemberton to the Old Colony House station on the Old Colony Railroad, one may not only visit at his convenience any of the numerous " way stations" along the line, but may travel by a continuous, though somewhat circuitous, rail route to Boston, or to the inland towns to wliich the Old Colony Railroad gives access. The beach, especially at low water, is one of the finest to be found anywhere. Broad, smooth, and liard, of the finest and whitest sand, it furnishes a deiiglitful promenade or drive, as well as the best facilities for bathing. About midway between tlie Nantasket Boacli station and Hotel Pemberton is Strawberry Hill. Here is located a good-sized settlement of neat cottages and a hotel, - the Sea Foam House. Strawberry Hill has its own steamboat wharf, and is a favorite resort. It is unquestionably destined to become very much larger in the near future, since there are a great many excellent sites for cottages as yet unimproved, and the laud is held by persons who are disposed to encourage building. The old barn on the hill summit is a wellknown landmark for pilots off the coast. On this site a barn containing eighty tons of hay was burned in 1775, " to grieve the British garrison of Boston," and the harbor was splendidly illuminated by these patriotic fires. From Strawberry Hill the official surveys and triangulations of the harbor have been made, and the stand-pipe of the Hingham Water Company, fifty feet in height, is erected there, ninetyseven feet above high water, giving one hundred and forty-seveu feet pressure. Previous to the building of these works there was complaint in regard to lack of water by the cottagers at Strawberry Hill, Hull, and Nantasket ; but now a great abundance of excellent water is secured from Accord Poud, Hingham. Many pleasing drives may be taken with the Beach as a starting-point, the most beautiful being that along the far-famed Jerusalem road, - the delightful higliway traversing the blufiF leading southward toward Cohasset from the Beach, wliich many of Boston's aristocracy have fixed upon as sacred to themselves. The sea view from this road is unexcelled for beauty, and a drive along its smooth course is rendered additionally pleasing on account of the elegant residences, surrounded by well-kept and attractive grounds, which line it on either side. These structures are of a totally different style from the cottages on the Beach proper, for they are all more substantially constructed and more elaborate architecturally. In several instances they are solidly built of .stone, with commodious stables in the roar. They resemble the Newport villa more nearly thau the more modest cottage peculiar to Nantasket. The drive over the road is at all times a charmintr one, even to one familiar with its beauties, while to a stranger it cannot fail to be a most delightful experience.

Every visitor to Nantasket Beach is forced, as ii were, to do homage to the clam. Signs greet him at every turn offering him "steamed clams," " boiled clams," "fried clams," "clam chowder," "baked clams," etc., until he may well recall Joliu G. Saxe's witty sonnet :

"TO A CLAM. "duu tacent claua.nt. " Inglorious friend 1 most contident I am Thy life is one of very little euse; Albeit, men mock thee with their amik-s, And prate of being ' happy as a clam !' AVhut though thy shell protects thy fragile head From the sharp bailifls of the briny sea? Thy valves arc, sure, no safety-valves to thee While rakes are free to desecrate thy bed, And bear thee off, as foemcn take their spoil, Far from thy friends uiid family to roum ; Forced like a Uesfian from thy native home, To meet destruction in a foreign broil ! Though thou art tender, yet thy huniblu bard Declares, 0 clum, thy case is shocking hard."

A New York newspaper remarks that " Bostonians are justly proud of Nantasket Beach, where one can get cultured clams, intellectual chowder, refined lager, and very scientific pork and beans. It is far superior to our motiotonous sand beach [Coney Island] in its picturesqueness of natural beauty, in the American character of the visitors, and in the rea.soiiabletie.'-s of hotel charges, as well aa the excellence of the service."

Plymouth County in the Eebellion. - Iq the history of the various towns elsewhere in this work will be found an account in detail of Plymouth County in the Rebellion, embracing the action of the towns, with soldiers' names, etc. lu this chapter are presented brief sketches of various organizations having representatives from this county. Plymouth County, however, was more or less represented in nearly every organization in the State.

The Third Militia Reg^iment, Col. Wardrop commander, was one of the earliest organizations to leave the State. It left for the front April 17, 1861, and returned on the 16th of the following July, having performed efficient service. One company of this regiment. Company A, of Halifax, was organized as early as 1792.

Fourth Eeg;iment. - Tiie Fourth Regiment was first mustered into service in April, 1861, for three months, and ordered to Fortress Monroe, Va. It was commanded by Col. Abner 13. Packard, of Quincy, and included among its companies the Lincoln Light Infantry (Company I) of Hingham. When the call was made, in 1862, for nineteen thousand and eighty men for nine mouths, the Fourth again volunteered, and was sent to Camp " Joe Hooker" to receive recruits. It was placed under the command of Col. Henry Walker, and ordered to join the forces under Maj.-Gen. Banks, in the Department of the Gulf.

Seventh Begiment. - This regiment, recruited principally in Bristol County by Col. (afterwards Maj.- Gen.) Darius N. Couch, was mustered into the service of the United States at Taunton, Mass., June 15, 1861, and arrived at Washington, D. C, on the 15th of July. It took part in the battles of the Peninsula, Fredericksburg, Chancelloraville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, and Cold Harb r.

While in the service it was almost constantly engaged in important duties at the front. Upon return to Taunton, June 20, 18C4, it met with a welcome reception, and was mustered out the 4th of July.

Twelfth Kegfiment. - The Twelfth Massachusetts was raised by Fletcher Webster, of Marshfield, who was commissioned colonel, and commanded the regiment until he was killed at the second battle of Bull Run, Aug. 30, 1862. It was afterwards under the command of Col. James L. Bates, of Weymouth, Mass. This regiment originated as follows :

The Sunday after our troops were attacked in Baltimore, Md., a mass meeting was held in State Street, Boston, in response to a call for volunteers is.«ued by Fletcher Webster. The meeting was addressed by William Dehon, Esq., Edward Riddle, Hon. Charles L. Woodbury, Mr. Webster, and others. After reading the proclamation of Governor Andrew, Mr. Webster said he had offered his services for the purpose of raising a regiment to serve the United States during the continuance of the existing difficulties. " I shall be ready on Monday," said Mr. Webster, " to enlist recruits. I know that your patriotism and valor will prompt you to the path of duty, and we will show to the world that the Massachusetts of 1776 is the same in 1861."

The regiment was mustered into service June 26, 1861, and left the State July 23d. It was engaged at Cedar Mountain, Second. Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna River, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. July 8, 1864, it was mustered out of service at Boston.

Eighteenth Regiment. - To the loyalty and patriotic spirit of the citizens of Duxbury, Middlcboro', Hanover, Dedham, and Wrentham is due the origin of this notedly excellent regiment. Companies previously formed and drilled in these towns were ordered into camp at Dedham, Mass., by the Governor in July, 1861, and thus made the nucleus for the Eighteenth. To these were soon added companies from Taunton, Quincy, and Plymouth,' and in November a company from the town of Carver, swelling the number to nine hundred and ninety-six men.

UuiteJ States on the 27tli of August, ISGl, but as a battuliou of eight compauie:! left Massachusetts, August 2(kh, under orders for Washington.

The adjutant-general states that during the fullowing autumn opportunity was offered, and favorably improved, for the instruction and drilling of the regiment, and the command thus obtaining a high degree of discipline, and a commendable proficiency in military drill and exercise, was complimented by the general of the division, George McClellan, with a new and complete outfit of uniforms, camp equipage, etc., imported from France by the government, being the same worn by the Cltasseurs d pied.

The subsequent history of the regiment was as brilliant as it was active and sanguinary. It shared in the battles on the Peninsula, and was engaged at Second Bull Run, Shepherdstown, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad. The casualties were numerous, and the regiment suffered severely, the killed and wounded numbering nearly two hundred and fifty.

Made up largely by enlistments from Plymouth County, the Eighteenth may be justly termed the " Old Colony Regiment." Few organizations made a better record.

Twenty-ninth Regiment. - The companies composing this regiment were mustered into service and left the State at different dates. Seven of the number were formed from among the first enlistments of threeyears' men. They were sent to Fortress Monroe to fill up the ranks of the Third and Fourth Militia Regiments, the latter including the Lincoln Light Infantry of Hingham, and when these returned home the seven companies were designated as the First Battalion Massachusetts Volunteers. Three new companies were afterwards sent to join it, and the battalion was then regularly organized as the Twentyninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. It was in the Ibllowing engagements: Hampton Roads, Gaines' Mills, Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, Blue Spring, Campbell Station, Siege of Knoxville, Cold Harbor, Peter.^burg, Weldon Railroad, and Fort Stedman.

Thirty-second Regiment. - Six companies Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, organized for garrison duty at Fort Warren, constituted the basis of the Thirtysecond Regiment. Capts. Luther Stephenson, Jr., of Hingham, and Cephas C. Bumpus, of Braiutree, had previously been connected with the Fourth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and were three months at Fortress Monroe, commanding Companies

I and C. Many of the enlistments were also from those who had already been in the service, and the battalion was regarded as one of the most efficient organizations in the State.

These several commands were not, however, recognized as a regiment until May 25, 1S(J2, when, by telegraph dispatch, they were ordered to report at the seat of war at the earliest possible moment. In twelve hours from the time the dispatch was receivud they were on their way for Washington. Shortly after the requisite number of companies was forwarded to join the battalion, and the ranks were filled.

In November, 18B1, Capt. Luther Stephenson, Jr., entered upon the work of recruiting a company, to be stationed at Fort Warren, for the purpose before stated, and established his headquarters at the town hall, Hingham, designating tlie locality as " Camp Dimmick," in honor of Col. Dimmick, then in command at Fort Warren. In the prosecution of his labors he had the hearty sympathy and co-operation of his fellow-townsmen, who in various forms testified their interest, not only by acceptable contributions for the liappiness and comfort of those in camp, but by rendering every other service in their power.

Enlistments came in rapidly, many from various towns in different sections of the State ; and shortly, by the accession of thirty-one men from Camp Cameron, including Lieut. Charles A. Dearborn, of Salem, the requisite number was secured.

On Monday, Nov. 26, 1861, all were mustered into the service of the United States ; and on Tuesday, November 27th, left camp for Fort Warren, where, the winter of 1861-62 was passed.

Immediately on the departure of Company A, Lieut. Lyman B. Wlnton opened a recruiting-office at Oasis Hall, for the purpose of obtaining enlistments, to be joined to a company then being raised by Capt. Bumpus, of Braintree. His enterprise was soon crowned with abundant success. More than fifty men were enrolled, nearly forty of whom were from the town of Hingham. A portion of these, however, were not mustered in, on account of excess of numbers, thirty-two being finally accepted. On Monday, December 13th, the recruits left Hingham for Camp Cameron, where they were consolidated with Company E, Capt. Bumpus, and where they remained until Tuesday, December 24th, when all left for Fort Warreu.

In January, 186-1, three hundred and thirty men of this regiment, having re-enlisted, were permitted to go to their homes in Massachusetts fur thirty days. They arrived in Boston on Sunday, and received a most cordial welcome from Governor Andrew, the

Appendix

The list of battles of the Thirty-second is as follows, viz. : Malvern Hill, Gaines' Mill, Second Bull Ruu, Antietam, Shepherdstown Ford, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Bappahunnock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy Swamp, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Vaughan road, Dabney's Mills, Boydton road, and White-Oak road.

The total number of killed and wounded, and of those who died from disease, waa two hundred and seventy-seven. The regiment waa mustered out June 29, 1865.

Thirty-fifth Eegiment - The Thirty-fifth Regiment was mustered into the service of the United States Aug. 21, 1862, left Massachusetts the day following, and waa mustered out June 9, 1865.

Few organizations from the State exhibit a more extended or a more severe experience. It rendered efficient service in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi, and greatly distinguished itself at the taking of the city of Jackson, the capital of Mississippi. It was present at the battles at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Campbell Station, siege of Knoxville, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, South Mountain, Vicksburg, Poplar Spring Church, Hatcher's Run, Fort Sedgwick, Fort Mahone, and Petersburg.

Thirty-eighth Regiment. - Seven companies of the Thirty-eighth Regiment were recruited at Camp Stanton, Lynnfield, and three (Cambridge companies) at Camp Cameron. It was mustered into the service Aug. 24, 1862, left the State August 26th for Baltimore, and November 10th embarked for New Orleans. In March, 1863, it joined the brigade at Baton Rouge, and on the 13th marched to Port Hudson to assist in the demonstration made to aid Admiral Farragut in passing the batteries. It was in the Western Louisiana campaign under Gen. Banks, and afterwards took part in all the assaults upon Port Hudson, suffering a heavy loss. It also shared in the Red River expedition, under Bunks.

The regiment returned to Virginia in the summer of 1864, and went through the Shenandoah Valley campaign under Sheridan, and was for a time under the command of Sherman in Georgia and North Carolina. After an extended, wearisome, and perilous experience, it was mustered out at Savannah, June 3U, 1865, by reason of the close of the war, and finally reached home and was discharged July 13,

Thirty-ninth Regiment. - The Thirty-ninth Massachusetts Infantry waa recruited principally from Bristol, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth, and Suffolk Counties. Of those from Plymouth County, a large proportion were from the towns of Hingham, Scituate, and South Scituate.

The regiment was organized at Lynnfield, Mass., but for a short time before leaviug the State was located at Camp Stanton, in the town of Boxford. It was mustered into the United States service September 4th ; arrived at Washington, D. C, Sept. 8, 1862 ; and June 2, 1865, waa mustered out by reason of close of the war.

The Thirty-ninth served upon picket-guard duty in the Department of Defenses of Washington until July 12, 1863, when it joined the Army of the Potomac. It did not, however, take part in any engagement until May 5, 1864, when, being ordered out on the Brock Pike, it advanced in line of battle through the woods to the support of a body of troops in front, then being hard pressed by the enemy. From that time it was in nearly if not all the conflicts that took place between the Army of the Potomac and the Confederate forces in Virginia. The last year of its history waa marked by heavy losses in killed, wounded, and prisoners ; Col. Davis, the commander of the regiment, being among those who were killed.

The battles in which it was engaged occurred in rapid succession. They were Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Dabney's Mills, Gravelly Run, and Five Forks.

The Thirty-ninth was present at the surrender of Gen. Lee, and also was among the military organizations that participated in the grand review at Washington, D. C.

First Regiment Heavy Artillery. - The basis of this regiment was the Fourteenth Regiment Iiifautry. It waa mustered into the service of the United States July 5th, and left Massachusetts July 7, 1861.

In 1863 the regiment re-enlisted for an additional term of three years, and was mustered out Aug. 16, 1865, making its complete period of service more than four years.

Third Regiment Heavy Artillery. - The Third Rugiuient of Heavy Artillery was forujed from the Third, Sixth, Seventh, Eigliih, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Unattached Companies of Heavy Artillery.

The eight companies first ineuttoned were originally raised for the coast defense of the State of Massachusett.s, and for a time were so employed.

From this time to the expiration of its term of enlistment it was stationed at different points in the vicinity for the defense of the national capital.

Fourth Regiment of Cavalry. - This regiment was organized by special order from the War Department, and was composed of the Independent Battalion, formerly Third Battalion, First Regiment of Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, and two new battalions recruited in Massachusetts.

A portion of the regiment was present in the engagements at Gainesville, Fla., Drury's Bluff, and also in several of the battles before Petersburg and Richmond. Mustered out Nov. 14, 1865.

The Old Colony Railroad, which threads Plymouth County in various directions, is a consolidation of several lines, the oldest being that portion extending from Boston to Plymouth, which was chartered March IS, 1844, and opened Nov. 10, 1846. The next oldest portion was the line from Boston to Fall River. Sept. 7, 1354, these two lines were consolidated under the name of the Old Colony and Fall River Railroad Company. Oct. 1, 1872, the Fall River Railroad was consolidated with the Cape Cod Railroad Company, which was chartered in 1846, and roud opened to Cape Cod, July 23, 1873. Upon this con.solidation the road took the name of the Old Colony Railroad Company. The South Shore was purcluised Oct. 1, 1876; the Duxbury and Cohasset, Oct. 1, 1878; the Full River, Warren and Providence. Dee. 1, 1875. The Middleboro' and Taunton branch was opened in 1856, the direct line via Easton and Taunton in 1871, and the branch from Raynham to Taunton in 1882. Feb. 1, 1879, a contract was made under which the Old Colony and the Boston, Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford Railroads were to be operated perpetually as one line, the latter company receiving as its sliare ten and two thirds per cent, of the gross earnings of tiie eunsolidated line. The Boston, Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford Railroad was a consolidation of several Hues. The Old Colony also leases the Lowell and Frauiingham Railroad and the Fall River Railroad, a line extending from Fall River to New Bedford. The lease of this road was made for ninety-nine years. It also leases the Dorchester and Milton road, a line extending from Neponset to Mattapan, a distance of three and one-third miles. The company operates 468.32 miles of road, and have one hundred and twenty locomotives and three thousand one hundred and eightytwo cars.

The following are the lines of this road and its branches: Boston to Providence, 120.01 miles; South Braintree to Plymouth, 26.04 ; Braintree to Kingston, 32.30 ; South Braintree to Newport, 57.97; Middleboro' to Taunton, 14.96; New Bedford to Fitchburg, 91.49. Branches: Middleboro' and Taunton, 8.04 ; South Abington to Bridgewater, 7.33 ; Atlantic to Braintree, 5.41 ; Coha.sset Narrows to Wood's Hall, 17.54 ; Yarmouth to Ilyannis, 5.05 ; Pratt's Junction to Sterling Junction, 5.67 ; Wliittenton Junction to Attleboro', 8.60 ; Tremont to Fair Haven, 15.17. Also the Easton, Shawmut, Fall River, Warren and Providence Extension, Lancaster, Marlboro', Framingham Prison, Weir, and Acushuet branches.

The road is under the present management : President, Charles F. Choate ; Treasurer, John M. Washburn ; Clerk, John S. Brayton ; Gener:il Manager, J. R. Kendrick ; Division Superintcndent.s, J. H. French, S. A. Webber, C. H. Nye; General Passenger and Ticket Agent, J. Spraguc, Jr. ; General Freight Agent, S. C. Putnam ; Superintendent of Motive Power, J. N. Lander; Chief Engineer, George S. Morrill ; Master of Transportation, J. C. Sanborn; Master of Car Repairs, S. Stevens ; Purchasing -\geiit, R. W. Husted.

The Fall River Line. - Thia railroad compaoy also owns the fatuous Fall River Hoe. The firbt comtuunication between Fall River and New York was inaugurated iu 1847 by the organization of the Bay State Steamboat Company, with a capital of three hundred thousand dollars. The first steamer, '- Bay State," commenced her trips in May of that year. This company in course of time passed into control of the Boston, Newport and New York Steamboat Company, and later the steamers became the property of the Narra;.;ansett Steamship Company, then under the control of James Fisk, Jr., and Jay Gould, of New York.

In about the year 1871 this line passed into the possession of the Old Colony Railroad Company, thus forming its now famous " Fall River Line" between Boston and New York. Among the older boats operated by this company were the " Senator," the " Governor," the ' Kauhdin," and the " State of Maine." The present steamers are the " Old Colony" and " Newport" for winter .service, and the palatial steamers '' Bristol," " Providence," and " Pilgrim" for summer service. The latter was added to the line in 1883, and is one of the finest and largest steamers plying on the sound.

TJniversalist Society. - Since the settlement of Rev. Mr. Surt, in 1864, the pulpit of the Universalists of Brockton has had a varied experience, and the supply been somewhat irregular. Rev. Stephen L. Rorapaugh was pastor from May, 1864, to Dec. 16, 1806, when he resigned, though he continued preaching till March 24, 1867. The next pastor was the Rev. Isaac M. Atwood, from May, 1807, to 1872. Rev. S. S. Hcbard, April, 1872.

Several changes took place in the affairs of the society from 1872 to 1877. About that time Rev. Samuel L. Beal removed to Brockton from Provincetown, and gathered a new organization of members of the disbanded society, and preached in the old Universalist Church, which was then unoccupied, where he remained for a few months, and then removed to the Grand Army Hall, East Elm Street, where he remained for two to three years. His first great effort was to organize a Sunday-school, which he did on the 5th day of June, 1877. In 1880 this society removed to Cunningham Hall, formerly the old Universalist Church, where he continued for about three years. On the 9th of November, 1880, a new and legal organization of the society took place, under the name of New Universalist Society. The success uf the society has been largely through the efforts and labors of Rev. Mr. Beal, who had gatliercd au assembly representing nearly one hundred families, and a Sunday-school having a library of about one thousand volumes. Mr. Beal was an active and earnest man in the pulpit. He was also deeply interested in temperance and other reforms in the city, and labored vigorously with tongue and pen to check the tide of intemperance and vice, and often with telling effect. Mr. Beal did faithful service on the school committee in 1882. Rev. Mr. Beal retired from the service of this church in August, 1883.

On the 1st of September, the same year, the Rev. John P. Eastman, of Manchester, N. H., a graduate of Tufta College, was invited to supply the pulpit, and immediately began preaching, and on Thursday, the 2nth of December, in Cunningham Hall, he was ordained to the ministry and installed as pastor of the church. The hall was finely trimmed with evergreen, and over the pulpit the words, " God is our Strength." The service commenced at two o'clock p m., and was largely attended. Rev. C. R. Tenney, of Sloughton, led the praise meeting, and the sermon was preached by Rev. W. C. Biddle, of North Cambridge. The regular ordination services at seven p.m. were well attended, the hall being completely filled.

Rev. R. P. Bush, of Everett, road the Scriptures and offered prayer. After the ordination hymn a sermon was delivered by Rev. L. F. McKinney, of Manchester, N. H., which was an eloquent discourse. Rev. C. R. Tenney gave the charge to the pastor, Rev. R. T. Sawyer, of Quincy, extended the fellowship of the church, and Rev. B. F. Bowles, of Abinu'- ton, delivered the charge to the society. After tlie singing of the hymn, '- Jesus, Lover of my Soul," by the congregation, the benediction was pronounced by the newly-ordained pastor.

St. Paul's Episcopal Church. - The first services of this denomination in Brockton were in 1871, when a mission was established. Rev. Benjamin II. Gifford, of Bridgewater, Mass., commenced preaching in the vestry of the Central Methodist Church, in Brockton, and " Music Hall," afterwards in " Perkins' Hall."

Rev. Thomas G. Carver, D.D., of New York City, formerly a chaplain in the array, preached here fur a time, from Aug. 15, 1875. The estimation in which Dr. Carver was held by the people with whom he

" Wnt:ict:AS, He has in a most friendly manner made it ap- > patent to us that his action in this mutter is and will be a mu- | tual benciit to our Parish, as well as to himself, therefore

" litnitlved^ That while we accept his resignation in the spirit of love and good-will, we personally and collectively appreciate his abilities, and regret bis leaving us at this time.

" Renulued, That We tender him our siucere thanks for his ministrations during the past three years, and especially for the hearty interest and energy displayed in the personal efT(jrt so successfully made in the building of our ohapel,

'* ReHulvtdf That the clerk be instructed to convey a copy of these resolutions to Br. Carver, and cause the same to be printed in the Brockton papers."

This society has a neat chapel costing about two thousand dollars, sixty by thirty-five feet in size, on Pleasant Street, fitted up in good taste. St. Paul's Chapel was opeued for public worship Sunday, July 8, 1877. The services were conducted by Dr. Carver, who preached the dedicatory sermon from the text, 1 Samuel vii. 12. Music on that occasion was by a quartette of vocalists, consisting of Mrs. E. E. Dean, Mrs. C. F. Westou, Mr. W. D. Packard, director, and Mr. F. James; Miss Holbrook presided at the organ.

The chapel is an unpretentious little edifice of the Noroian-Gothic style of architecture, with a sharp roof, bald gables, and Gothic windows. Over the front door is a projecting entrance, surmounted by a cross. The interior is finished with open timbering to the roof; at the chancel end is a handsome stained window, bearing an emblem of the Trinity, beueath which is an elegant altar of walnut and ash. Inside the chancel-rail are two richly upholstered chairs, and a lectern, on which is a beautiful copy of the Bible, presented to tiie church. The auditorium has sittings for nearly two hundred people. The pews are cushioned, and the aisle neatly carpeted. Seats for the choir and a place for an organ are located at the southwest corner of the room and screened by a low curtain.

Permanent services have been established here, which supplies a long-felt want for those who desire the impressive services of the Episcopal Church, and in a community like Brockton will soon outgrow in numbers their present accommodations.

Friday evening, June 4, 1875, in the room furmerly occupied by the Board of Trade, under Mu»ic Hall, at the corner of East Elm and Main Streets. Rev. Charles M. Winchester, who was connected with the North End Mission of Boston, was pa.stor. The chief object of this new society was to preach the gospel to the masses, having special regard in and fur the young people who attend no stated place of worship, ;ind to lead tiiem into moral and Christian ways. It was unseclarian, the chief planks in its platform being as follows :

" Repentance toward God ; Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, and a Holy Life." Its motto was, " More faith, more charity, more work." " The singing will be congregational, and the seats free."

The first meeting was well attended, and apparently by those who were interested in the new movement. The pastor preached from Acts viii. 5-8. A large number of young persona were present, who listened with the deepest attention, and ample evidence of the need of such a church was manifest. The number continued to increase under the preaching of Mr. Winchester, and Music Hall was requir(;d in a short time to accommodate the increasing numbers. On Friday, the 1st day of October, 1875, a room in Mercantile Building was dedicated to the service of the church ; connected with this church a " Literary and Musical Club," and a Children's Temperance Society, christened by the name of " Brockton Slar-of- Promise Cadets," was formed of young people under twelve years of age ; also a Woman's Temperance Working and Praying Band did good work. In addition to Mr. Winchester's labors connected with this church, he preached in the almshouse every Sabbath afternoon. This society continued till Feb. 4, 1877, when the pastor delivered his farewell discourse.

Unity Church. - On the first Sabbath in May, 1881, Rev. A. Everett Goodnough, who had been located at Bridgewater, commenced religious services in Satucket Hall, under the auspices of the " Unitarian Association" of Boston. There were about one hundred and fifty persons present at the first meeting. Regular services were held, as above stated, in Satucket Hall, and on Sunday, May 29, 18S1, and at the close of the services a meeting was held of those interested in the fortuation of a ynitarian Society, consisting of about one hundred persons. Ciiarles W. Sumner, Esq., presided, and Dr. Henry II. Filoon was chosen secretary, " the object being for the purpose of encouraging and promoting religious worship of the Unitarian faith, and to become a part of the so-called Unitarian denomination."

to Rev. A. Everett Goodnough to become their I pastor. The members of this society organized and adopted a set of by-laws for the management of , the business affairs of the cimrch, with the following ] oflBcers: Finance Committee, Col. John J. Whipple, Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Hon. Henry H. Packard, William H. Tobey, Lucius Richmond, James H. Cooper, Dr. Henry H. Filoon.

The religious and social interests of the church were in charge of the pastoral committee, which was as follows: Charles W. Sumner, Esq., Rev. A. Everett Goodnough, Henry F. Whitmarsh, Howard T. Marshall, Lorenzo D. Hervey, John F. Cooper, Mrs. John E. Howard, Mrs. A. Everett Goodnough.

The music committee were the ibllowing: John E. Howard, Sumner A. Hayward, Elmer W. Walker, J. H. Davey, A. P. Hazard, H. A. Cleverly, and Henry S. Porter.

The following is a list of the earliest and most active members of this society : John J. Whipple, Henry H. Packard, Henry H. Filoon, James H. Cooper, William H. Tobey, Lucius Richmond, Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Henry S. Porter, George H. Gould, Warren S. Gurney, Charles C. Merritt, Herbert S. Fuller, 0. 0. Patton, William H. Wade, Oliver B. Quiuby, John F. Cooper, Henry B. Caldwell, Alfred W. Jones, Elmer W. Walker, Charles Perkins, George

The society continued to increase in numbers till there seemed to be a necessity for increasing their accommodations and becoming a legal organization. Having that object in view, a petition was presented to Charles W. Sumner, Esq., a justice of the peace, to call a meeting for that purpose, and for choosing a board of officers.

Agreeably to the call a meeting was held, Friday, Nov. 30, 1883, which was adjourned to Wednesday, Dec. 5, 1883, at which time a set of by-laws was adopted, among which were the following :

** Ai-ticU 2. The objeot of this Cburoh shall be the study and practice of pure roligioo. Although it is designed to be known as a Unitarian Christian Church, no doctrinal test shall ever be made a condition of membership."

Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Elmer W. Walker, Dr. Henry H. Filoon, Lucius Richmond, A. Cranston Thompson, and William H. Tobey, as standing committee.

At this meeting it was voted to purchase a lot of land on Pond Street, near Belmont Street, owned by Rufus P. Kingman, Esq., as a site for a church building. The lot is a desirable one, is seventy-eight by one hundred and ten feet, and the price paid two thousand dollars. Messrs. Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Lucius Richmond, and William H. Tobey were chosen to procure plans, etc., for the new church edifice.

The church, which is in process of building, will be a tasteful edifice, of wood, with a brick baseu.ent. The entire length of the building is eighty-seven feet, the main portion being sixty-six feet long, having a covered portico twenty-five feet long. It is of the cottage style of architecture, and has a tower at the southwest corner seventy-four feet high, twelve feet square, and another at the northwest corner, fiftj'-three feet in height. It has five double windows of stained glass on either side, affording the interior a pleasing and cheerful aspect.

The interior has seatings for four hundred people, with aisles three and one-half feet in width, a choirgallery and pulpit, with a study in the southeast corner ; a vestry, thirty-eight by forty feet ; a parlor, thirty-eight by tweuty-two feet ; a kitchen, nine by twelve feet ; a library, eight feet square, in short, it will be an attractive and elegant structure. There is a Sunday-school connected with this church numbering one hundred and seventy-five scholars. George H. Gould was the first superintendent, Mrs. Lucy A. Upham, assistant superintendent. Dr. Henry II. Filoon is the present incumbent ; George E. Bryant, librarian.

Brocktoa Free-Will Baptist Chnrcli was organized Feb. 5, 1884. Numbers thirty-nine communicants. Services are licld in Joslyn's Hall, on Centre Street. The present pastor is Rev. Henry T. Barnard. Mr. Barnard is the son of Tristram and Mahala F. (Russell) Barnard, born in Exeter, Me., April 1, 1841 ; graduated in the high school, Lowell, Mass., in 1859, and Bates' Th'^ological School, Lewiston. Me. ; settled in Ossipee, N. H., 1878, and in Brockton, 1884. Isaac N. Allen, Cyrus E. Lane, deacons; John Barbour, clerk and treasurer; John Barbour, superintendent of Sunday-school.

Commercial Club. - Tiiis ia a local organization of prouiiuent business men, having for its object the cultivation of pleasant personal relations between its members, and the promotion of measures for the welfare and growth of the city.

At the outset this club was named Union Club, and its number limited to twenty-five members, but as there was another of that name, it Wiis soon changed. The social element of this organization, which is a conspicuous element, is its monthly meetings at Hotel Belmout, at which speeches from invited guests having reference to and a bearing upon the mercantile interests of the city are often expected. In its general features it is not unlike many of the clubs of Boston. Its first officers at its organization, Jan. 12, 1883, were as follows: Rufus P. Kingman, president ; Ziba C. Keith, vice-president; Baalis Sanford, secretary ; Henry W. Robinson, treasurer ; Davis S. Packard, Ellis Packard, Gardner J. Kingman, executive committee ; Charles VV. Sumner, Preston B. Keith, William W. Cross, George E. Keith, and Sewall P. Howard, committee on membersliip.

Old Colony Congregational Club. - This club was formed Nov. 21, 1883, of clergymen and laymen of vtirious churches in the immediate vicinity of Brockton, for the promoting of social and effective work in the churches on a similar plan to other organizations in various sections of the State. Any person attending, or who is a member of a Congregational Church, is eligible to membership. Six monthly meetings are held each year in Brockton, one in October, and the last one in the spring. A slight fee for membership is assessed, to pay current expenses.

The court consists of one standing justice and two special justices, commissioned by the Governor of the commonwealth, as follows: Jonas R. Perkins, standing justice; Charles W. Sumner, special justice; Hosea Kingman, special justice ; David L, Cowell, clerk ; George A. Wheeler, Alira S. Porter, and Henry S. Porter, deputy sheriffs.

This court was organized on Tuesday the 1st day of July, the clerk reading the commissions of the standing and special justices and deputy sheriffs. Otis Hayward being designated as officer of tin' court. The county commissioners have provided apartments in a hall on East Elm Street, and fitted it with the usual fixtures of a court-room.

North Bridgewater Industrial Association. - This association was organized Dec. 27, 1860, with the following officers : Chandler Sprague, Esq , president; Isaac T. Packard, secretary; Lyman Clark, treasurer; Charles Gurney and David L. Cowell, vicepresidents.

The object of this a.<;sociation is the encouragement of the mechanic arts, agriculture, and horticulture. On account of the rebellion of 1861 this association has not made rapid progress, and their plans were suspended for a while. In October, 18G3, a new board of officers was chosen, as follows : John S. Eldrcdge, president; H. W. Robinson and Dr. L. W. Puffer, vice-presidents; David L. Cowell, secretary ; Chandler Sprague, Esq., treasurer; Moses Stearns, Rufus S. Noyes, Milo Manley, Isaac Kingman, C. J. F. Packard, Samuel French, Loring W. Puffer, Frederic Perkins, Ilenry W. Robinson, George A^ Packard, Caleb H. Packard, and Alexander Hichborn, trustees. Nov. 7, 1870, this association was changed to the " North Bridgewater Agricultural Society."

Brockton Agricultural Society

BROCKTON AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. '* We, the uaderaigned iabubitanls of the town of Ilrockion, in the Commonwealth of Mafisochusetta, do ht^rehy a^dOcialu ourselves together for the purpose of forming a corporation, under the provisions of Section 17, of Chapter t»6, of the General Statutes of the Commonwealth above mentioned, to encourage .\griculture, the name of which Corporation shall bo 'The Brookton Agricultural Society,' to be establi^ticd in the Banl town of Brookton.

Upon application to David L. Cowell, Esq., a justice of the peace, a warrant was issued to Henry W. Robinson directing him to uottfy th above men.